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Laboratory Report
Jerard Sio, Aleziz Tan, Angelie Trinidad, Jade Vicera, Grace Wenceslao
Department of Mathematics and Physics
College of Science
University of Santo Tomas
Abstract
The purpose of the experiment is to
determine the resistance of resistors based
on the color and the total resistance of
resistor combinations by using a device that
measures currents and volts. This was done
on a parallel and series type of circuit. The
internal resistance of a cell was also
determined using the ammeter/voltmeter in
a series and parallel circuit. In activity one,
the resistors were connected to the power
source in a series type circuit and the total
resistance was solved by acquiring the volts
and current from the voltmeter/ammeter. In
the second activity, the same was done but
this time, on a parallel circuit. In activity
three and four, the electromotive force and
internal resistance of a cell was determined
in a parallel and series circuit. In
conclusion, resistance is higher in a series
circuit than parallel circuit.
1. Introduction
2. Theory
Eq. 1 Total Resistance
RT =
VT
IT
r=
Activity 2
EIR
I
r=
ET I T R
IT
3. Methodology
Activity 1
Voltage
Current
4.72V
0.01405A
4.82V
0.00984A
4.77V
0.002399A
198.83
Series
Parallel
17.65V
8.34V
330
5
330 5
Current (I)
0.0514A
0.025A
Total Internal
Resistance of the
13.39
3.6
Cells (r)
Table 4: Data for Series and Parallel
Circuits under Two-Cell Power Source
Errors were encountered, like getting a
negative value, which is related to the
polarity of the circuit. Also, sometimes,
students forget to change the connection for
the red probe to mA, which gives off no
readings for the ammeter or the current.
Another common error is the misuse of the
battery, since the voltage of the battery may
change as the activity progresses.
5. Conclusion
In line with the objectives, we have
concluded that the resistance of the resistors
can be determined through the pattern of the
color bands in it, just like what we did in the
first activity. We have also concluded that
the current flowing in a series circuit is the
same as that of the current flowing through
the resistors, therefore, the whole circuit has
only one amount of current. The voltage for
each of the resistors and as for the circuit
varies. As compared with the parallel circuit,
the current flowing in each of the resistors
varies since they are oriented in a parallel
fashion, which results to the division of the
current through the circuit. The voltage also
varies within the whole circuit. In a single
cell power source, the internal resistance is
much larger compared to the two-cell power
source. Also, looking at the series
connection, the current in the two-cell power
is larger than the single cell power source.
Errors were encountered in the
experiment, and these were resolved by
carefully checking if the components were
correctly attached to its place before putting
the probe in the circuit. Also, batteries were