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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

MedicalGrossAnatomy
AnatomyTablesArteriesoftheHeadandNeck
Artery

Source

Branches

Supplyto

Notes

maxillaryincisor
andcanineteeth
partofthemaxillary
sinus

anteriorsuperior
alveolara.is
locatedbetween
theinnerand
outertablesof
boneofthe
maxilla

alveolar,anterior infraorbitala.
superior

dentalbrs.,
mucosalbrs.

alveolar,inferior

maxillarya.

lingualbr.,
mandibularteeth
mylohyoida.,dental andgingiva
brs.,mentala.
mandible
mylohyoidm.

inferioralveolar
a.runswiththe
inferioralveolar
nervewithinthe
mandibular
canal

alveolar,middle
superior

infraorbitala.

dentalbrs.,
mucosalbrs.

maxillarypremolar
teethpartofthe
maxillarysinus

middlesuperior
alveolara.is
locatedbetween
theinnerand
outertablesof
boneofthe
maxilla

alveolar,
posterior
superior

maxillarya.

dentalbrs.,
mucosalbrs.

maxillarymolar
teethpartofthe
maxillarysinus

posterior
superioralveolar
a.entersthe
maxillainthe
infratemporal
fossa

angular

faciala.

nonamedbranches orbicularisoculim.
andlacrimalsac

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

angulara.isthe
terminalbranch
ofthefaciala.

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anteriorcerebral internalcarotid anterior

a.
communicatinga.,
medialfrontobasal
a.,polarfrontala.,
callosomarginala.,
precuneala.

medialandinferior
portionsofthe
frontallobemedial
sideoftheparietal
lobecorpus
callosumandpart
ofthelimbiclobe
olfactorybulband
tractopticnerve,
opticchiasmand
optictract

theanterior
communicating
a.unitesthetwo
anteriorcerebral
aa.acrossthe
midline

anterior
communicating

anterior
cerebrala.

perforatingaa.

ananastomotic
connection

anterior
communicating
a.isashort
vesselof
anastomosis
whichcrosses
themidlineto
jointhepaired
anteriorcerebral
aa.itispartof
theCircleof
Willis

anteriordeep
temporal

maxillarya.

nonamedbranches anteriorpartof
temporalism.and
surroundingdeep
tissues

anteriordeep
temporala.
branchesinthe
infratemporal
fossaandruns
deepto
temporalism.

anterior
ethmoidal

ophthalmica.

anteriormeningeal
a.,anteriorseptal
br.,anteriorlateral
nasalbr.

anterior
ethmoidala.
leavestheorbit
throughthe
anterior
ethmoidal
foramen,then
runsforwardon
thecribriform
plate

anteriorethmoidal
aircells,frontal
paranasalsinus,
duramaterinthe
anteriorcranial
fossa,nasal
mucosa,olfactory
nerves

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

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anteriorinferior
cerebellar

UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

basilara.

labyrinthine
(usually)

pons(motor
nucleusofcranial
nerveV,chief
sensorynucleusof
cranialnerveV,
abducensnucleus,
facialnucleus,
superiorsalivatory
nucleus)
cerebelluminner
ear

sharesitsregion
ofsupplywith
branchesofthe
basilara.

theyaccompany
theventralrootlets
toreachthespinal
cord

meningesspinal
cordspinalnerve
ventralrootlets

anteriorradicular
aa.anastomose
withtheanterior
spinala.

contributions
pialarterialplexus
receivedfrom
severalarteries
(vertebral,
posterior
intercostal,
subcostal,
lumbar,lateral
sacralaa.)

meningesspinal
cordmedulla
(dorsalmotor
nucleusofcranial
nerveX,nucleus
ambiguus,spinal
accessorynucleus
andhypoglossal
nucleus)

anteriorspinala.
anastomoses
withtheanterior
radicularbrs.of
thespinalrami
ofthevertebral,
posterior
intercostal,
subcostal,
lumbarand
lateralsacralaa.

maxillaryincisor
andcanineteeth
partofthemaxillary
sinus

anteriorsuperior
alveolara.is
locatedbetween
theinnerand
outertablesof
boneofthe
maxilla

anteriorradicular theyariseas
multiple
branchesof
severalvessels
(vertebral,
posterior
intercostal,
lumbar,and
lateralsacral
aa.)
anteriorspinal

anteriorsuperior infraorbitala.
alveolar

dentalbrs.,
mucosalbrs.

anterior
tympanic

nonamedbranches middleear

maxillarya.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

anterior
tympanica.
passesthrough
the
petrotympanic
fissurealong
withthechorda
tympanin.
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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

aorticarch

the
continuationof
theascending
aorta

brachiocephalic
trunk,leftcommon
carotida.,left
subclaviana.

theentirebody
excepttheheart

ascending
cervical

inferiorthyroid
a.

unnamedmuscular deepmusclesof
branches
theneck

ascending
cervicala.
ascendsonthe
anteriorsurface
oftheanterior
scalenem.
besidethe
phrenicn.

ascending
palatine

faciala.

nonamedbranches superiorpharyngeal
constrictor,soft
palate,palatine
tonsil

ascending
palatinea.
sharessupplyof
thetonsilbed
with4otheraa.
(seealso:
tonsillarbr.of
thefaciala.,
palatinebr.of
theascending
pharyngeala.,
tonsillarbr.of
thedorsal
linguala.,
tonsillarbr.of
thedescending
palatinea.)

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

aorticarch
continuesasthe
descending
thoracicaorta
thefibrous
ligamentum
arteriosum
connectstothe
inferiorsurface
oftheaorticarch
anditmarksthe
locationofthe
fetalductus
arteriosusaortic
archcontinues
asthe
descending
thoracicaorta

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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

ascending
pharyngeal

externalcarotid pharyngealbrs.,
pharynx,meninges
a.
inferiortympanica.,
posteriormeningeal
a.

ascending
pharyngeala.
arisesfromthe
medialsideof
theexternal
carotida.close
tothe
birfurcation

auricular,deep

maxillarya.

deepauriculara.
issmalland
difficultto
dissect

auricular,
posterior

externalcarotid stylomastoidbr.,
a.
auricularbr.,
occipitalbr.

partoftheexternal
ear,scalpand
deeperstructures
posteriortotheear

posterior
auricularand
greateroccipital
sharetheir
regionof
distribution

basilar

formedbythe
joiningofthe
twovertebral
aa.

pontinebrs.,
anteriorinferior
cerebellara.,
superiorcerebellar
a.,twoposterior
cerebralaa.
(terminalbrs.)

pons(motor
nucleusofcranial
nerveV,chief
sensorynucleusof
cranialnerveV,
abducensnucleus,
facialnucleus,
superiorsalivatory
nucleus)
oculomotor
nucleusnucleusof
EdingerWestphal
cerebellum
posteriorcerebrum

basilara.
contributes
bloodtothe
cerebralarterial
circle

brachiocephalic
trunk

aorticarch

rightcommon
carotida.,right
subclaviana.

rightsideofthe
thereisonlyone
headandneck
brachiocephalic
rightupperlimband trunk
rightsideofthe
chestwall

buccal

maxillarya.

nonamedbranches cheekand
buccala.runs
associatedmuscles withthebuccal
branchofCNV

nonamedbranches externalauditory
meatus,tympanic
membrane

caroticotympanic internalcarotid nonamedbranches tympaniccavity

a.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

caroticotympanic
a.courses
throughthe
petrousportion
ofthetemporal
bone
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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

carotid,common brachiocephalic externalcarotida.,

trunk(right),
internalcarotida.
aorticarch(left)

mostofthehead
andupperneck

commoncarotid
a.bifurcatesat
thelevelofthe
superiorborder
ofthethyroid
cartilagethe
internalcarotid
a.andthe
externalcarotid
a.areits
terminalbrs.the
carotidsinus
andcarotidbody
arelocatedat
thebifurcation
externalcarotid
a.istheprimary
bloodsupplyto
thefaceand
superficialhead
themaxillarya.
andsuperficial
temporala.are
itsterminal
branches

carotid,external

common
carotida.

superiorthyroida., upperneck,face
ascending
andscalp
pharyngeala.,
linguala.,faciala.,
occipitala.,
posteriorauricular
a.,maxillarya.,
superficialtemporal
a.

carotid,internal

common
carotida.

noneintheneckin braineyeandorbit internalcarotid

thehead:
forehead
a.istheprimary
ophthalmica.,
bloodsupplyto
posterior
thebrainit
communicatinga.,
anastomoses
anteriorcerebrala.,
withthe
middlecerebrala.
vertebralaa.and
thecontralateral
internalcarotid
a.inthecerebral
arterialcircle(of
Willis)anterior
andmiddle
cerebralaa.are
theterminalbrs.
oftheinternal
carotida.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

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central,ofretina ophthalmica.

superiornasalbr.,
retina
inferiornasalbr.,
superiortemporal
br.,inferiortemporal
br.

centrala.ofthe
retinaisthesole
bloodsupplyto
theretinaithas
nosignificant
collateral
circulationand
blockageofthis
vesselleadsto
blindnessits
branchesare
viewedina
funduscopic
exam

cerebellar,
anteriorinferior

labyrinthinea.
(usually)

pons(motor
nucleusofcranial
nerveV,chief
sensorynucleusof
cranialnerveV,
abducensnucleus,
facialnucleus,
superiorsalivatory
nucleus)
cerebelluminner
ear

anteriorinferior
cerebellaa.
sharesitsregion
ofsupplywith
branchesofthe
basilara.

cerebellar,
vertebrala.
posteriorinferior

posteriorspinala.

partofcerebellum
medulla(cochlear
nucleus,vestibular
nucleus,dorsal
motornucleusof
cranialnerveX,
nucleusambiguus)

posteriorinferior
cerebellara.
sharesitsregion
ofsupplywith
thevertebrala.
andanterior
spinala.
(watershed
region)

cerebellar,
superior

nonamedbranches uppercerebellum
trochlearnucleus

basilara.

basilara.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

theremaybe
morethanone
superior
cerebellara.
arisingfromthe
basilara.on
eachside

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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

cerebral,
anterior

internalcarotid anterior
a.
communicatinga.,
medialfrontobasal
a.,polarfrontala.,
callosomarginala.,
precuneala.

medialandinferior
portionsofthe
frontallobemedial
sideoftheparietal
lobecorpus
callosumandpart
ofthelimbiclobe
olfactorybulband
tractopticnerve,
opticchiasmand
optictract

cerebralarterial
circle

ananastomotic
circleofblood
vesselsformed
byportionsof
thefollowing
vessels:
posterior
cerebralaa.
(2)posterior
communicating
aa.(2)internal
carotidaa.(2)
anterior
cerebralaa.
(2)anterior
communicating
a.

cerebral,middle

internalcarotid lateralfrontobasal
a.
a.prefrontalsulcal
a.precentralsulcal
a.centralsulcala.
anteriorparietala.
posteriorparietala.
anterior,middleand
posteriortemporal
aa.

frontal,parietaland
temporallobes,
especiallyontheir
lateralsurfaces

themiddle
cerebrala.isthe
direct
continuationof
theinternal
carotida.

cerebral,
posterior

basilara.

partofthe
brainstem
(oculomotor
nucleus,nucleusof
EdingerWestphal,
trochlearnucleus)
medialandinferior
portionsofthe
temporallobe
occipitallobe

thetwoposterior
cerebralaa.are
theterminalbrs.
ofthebasilara.

thisisan
brainandmidbrain
anastomoticloop
majornamed
vesselsconnect
here,butthereare
nonamedbranches
ofthearterialcircle

posteriorcerebral
a.anteriorand
posteriortemporal
brs.medial
occipitala.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

theanterior
communicating
a.unitesthetwo
anteriorcerebral
aa.acrossthe
midline

alsoknownas:
arterialcircleof
Willis

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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

cervical,
ascending

inferiorthyroid
a.

unnamedmuscular deepmusclesof
branches
theneck

ascending
cervicala.
ascendsonthe
anteriorsurface
oftheanterior
scalenem.
besidethe
phrenicn.

cervical,deep

costocervical
trunk

unnamedmuscular deepmusclesof
branches
theposteriorneck

deepcervicala.
anastomoses
withtheoccipital
a.nearthe
occipitalbone

cervical,
transverse

thyrocervical
trunk

unnamedmuscular trapeziusmuscle
branches,possibly andsurrounding
thedorsalscapular tissues
a.

transverse
cervicala.gives
risetothedorsal
scapulara.
~30%ofthetime

choroidal

internalcarotid nonamedbranches choroidplexus

a.
opticnerve,optic
chiasmandoptic
tract

choroidala.
followstheoptic
tract

ciliary,anterior

muscularbrs.
ofthe
ophthalmica.

nonamedbranches anteriorpartof
eyeball

anteriorciliary
aa.coursedeep
tothe
conjunctivato
reachtheregion
surroundingthe
iris

ciliary,posterior

ophthalmica.

nonamedbranches eyeball

posteriorciliary
aa.maybe
classifiedas
short(supplying
theposterior
eyeball)and
lone(supplying
theanterior
eyeball)short
andlong
posteriorciliary
aa.areidentical
intheirsizeand
courseexternal
totheeyeball

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

commoncarotid

brachiocephalic externalcarotida.,
trunk(right),
internalcarotida.
aorticarch(left)

mostofthehead
andupperneck

commoncarotid
a.bifurcatesat
thelevelofthe
superiorborder
ofthethyroid
cartilagethe
internalcarotid
a.andthe
externalcarotid
a.areits
terminalbrs.the
carotidsinus
andcarotidbody
arelocatedat
thebifurcation

communicating,
anterior

anterior
cerebrala.

perforatingaa.

ananastomotic
connection

anterior
communicating
a.isashort
vesselof
anastomosis
whichcrosses
themidlineto
jointhepaired
anteriorcerebral
aa.itispartof
theCircleof
Willis

communicating,
posterior

internalcarotid perforatingaa.
a.

ananastomotic
connection

avesselof
anastomosis
whichconnects
theinternal
carotida.tothe
posterior
cerebrala.part
ofthecerebral
arterialcircle(of
Willis)

costocervical
trunk

subclaviana.,
2ndpart

deepmusclesof
theposteriorneck
posteriorendsof
thefirst2
intercostalspaces

costocervical
trunkislocated
betweenthe
anteriorscalene
m.andthe
middlescalene
m.itarches
posteriorlyover
thecervical
parietalpleura

deepcervicala.,
highestintercostal
a.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

cricothyroid

superiorthyroid nonamedbranches cricothyroidm.,

a.
inferiorpharyngeal
constrictorm.

cricothyroida.
travelswiththe
externalbr.of
thesuperior
laryngealn.

deepcervical

costocervical
trunk

unnamedmuscular deepmusclesof
branches
theposteriorneck

deepcervicala.
anastomoses
withtheoccipital
a.nearthe
occipitalbone

descending
palatine

maxillarya.

greaterpalatinea.,
lesserpalatinea.

descending
palatinea.
accompanies
thegreater
palatinen.within
thepalatine
canal

dorsallingual

linguala.

nonamedbranches posteriortongue,
palatinetonsil,soft
palate

dorsalnasal

ophthalmica.

nonamedbranches dorsumofthenose dorsalnasala.

anastomoses
withtheangular
a.

dorsalscapular

subclaviana.,
3rdpart

unnamedmuscular levatorscapulae
branches
m.,rhomboideus
majorm.,
rhomboideusminor
m.

palate

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

dorsallinguala.
isonlyoneof
fivearteriesthat
supplythetonsil
bed

dorsalscapular
a.anastomoses
withthe
suprascapulara.
andthe
subscapulara.
toformthe
scapular
anastomosis
dorsalscapular
aisabranchof
thetransverse
cervicala.in
~30%ofcases

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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

ethmoidal,
anterior

ophthalmica.

anteriormeningeal
a.,anteriorseptal
br.,anteriorlateral
nasalbr.

anteriorethmoidal
aircells,frontal
paranasalsinus,
duramaterinthe
anteriorcranial
fossa,nasal
mucosa,olfactory
nerves

ethmoidal,
posterior

ophthalmica.

nonamedbranches posteriorethmoidal posterior

aircellsolfactory
ethmoidala.
nerves
leavestheorbit
throughthe
posterior
ethmoidal
foramen

externalcarotid

common
carotid

superiorthyroida., upperneck,face
ascending
andscalp
pharyngeala.,
linguala.,faciala.,
occipitala.,
posteriorauricular
a.,maxillarya.,
superficialtemporal
a.

facial

externalcarotid ascendingpalatine
a.
a.,tonsilarbr.,
submentala.,
superiorlabiala.,
inferiorlabiala.,
lateralnasala.,
angulara.

facial,
transverse

superficial
temporala.

lowerpartofthe
palatinetonsil,
submandibular
gland,facial
musclesandfascia

nonamedbranches parotidgland,
masseterm.,facial
musclesandskin

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

anterior
ethmoidala.
leavestheorbit
throughthe
anterior
ethmoidal
foramen,then
runsforwardon
thecribriform
plate

externalcarotid
a.istheprimary
bloodsupplyto
thefaceand
superficialhead
themaxillarya.
andsuperficial
temporala.are
itsterminal
branches
theangular
branchofthe
faciala.
anastomoses
withthe
ophthalmica.
transversefacial
a.anastomoses
withbranchesof
thebuccal,
infraorbitaland
facialaa.

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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

greaterpalatine

descending
palatinea.

nonamedbranches hardpalate,
palatineglands,
palatinemucosa

greaterpalatine
a.accompanies
thegreater
palatinen.,itis
endangeredby
anesthetic
injectionsfor
dental
procedures

inferioralveolar

maxillarya.

lingualbr.,
mandibularteeth
mylohyoida.,dental andgingiva
brs.,mentala.
mandible
mylohyoidm.

inferioralveolar
a.runswiththe
inferioralveolar
nervewithinthe
mandibular
canal

inferiorlabial

faciala.

nonamedbranches skin,muscles,
inferiorlabiala.
fasciaeandmucosa sharesitsregion
ofthelowerlip
ofdistribution
withbranchesof
thementala.

inferiorlaryngeal inferiorthyroid
a.

nonamedbranches internalpartofthe
inferiorlarynx

inferiorlaryngeal
a.accompanies
theinferior
laryngealn.

inferiorthyroid

thyrocervical
trunk

ascendingcervical
a.,inferiorlaryngeal
a.,esophagealbrs.,
trachealbrs.,
glandularbrs.

inferiorthyroida.
givesrisetothe
ascending
cervicala.asit
archesmedially

internalcarotid

common
carotida.

noneintheneckin braineyeandorbit internalcarotid

thehead:
forehead
a.istheprimary
ophthalmica.,
bloodsupplyto
posterior
thebrainit
communicatinga.,
anastomoses
anteriorcerebrala.,
withthe
middlecerebrala.
vertebralaa.and
thecontralateral
internalcarotid
a.inthecerebral
arterialcircle(of
Willis)anterior
andmiddle
cerebralaa.are
theterminalbrs.
oftheinternal
carotida.

thyroidgland,lower
larynx,upper
trachea,upper
esophagus,deep
neckmuscles

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

infraorbital

maxillarya.

anteriorsuperior
maxillarysinus,
alveolara.,middle maxillaryincisors,
superioralveolara. canineand
premolarteeth,skin
ofthecheekbelow
theorbit,mucosa
overthemaxillary
alveolararchand
theadjacentcheek

labial,inferior

faciala.

nonamedbranches skin,muscles,
inferiorlabiala.
fasciaeandmucosa sharesitsregion
ofthelowerlip
ofdistribution
withbranchesof
thementala.

labial,superior

faciala.

septalbr.

labyrinthine

anteriorinferior nonamedbranches internalear

cerebellara.
(orbasilara.)

labyrinthinea.
accompanies
cranialnerves
VIIandVIII
throughthe
internalacoustic
meatus

lacrimal

ophthalmica.

lateralpalpebralaa. lacrimalgland,
(2)
lateralsidesofthe
eyelids

lacrimala.
accompanies
thelacrimaln.

laryngeal,
inferior

inferiorthyroid
a.

nonamedbranches internalpartofthe
inferiorlarynx

inferiorlaryngeal
a.accompanies
theinferior
laryngealn.

laryngeal,
superior

superiorthyroid nonamedbranches internalaspectof

a.
thesuperiorlarynx

superior
laryngeala.
penetratesthe
thyrohyoid
membranein
companywith
theinternalbr.of
thesuperior
laryngealn.

skin,muscles,
fasciaeandmucosa
oftheupperlip,
lowerpartofthe
anteriorendofthe
nasalseptum

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

infraorbitala.is
oneoffour
terminal
branchesofthe
maxillarya.(see
also:descending
palatinea.,
sphenopalatine
a.,posterior
superioralveolar
a.)

superiorlabiala.
suppliesthe
orbicularisoris
m.andthe
levatorlabii
superiorism.

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lateralnasal

faciala.

nonamedbranches lateralsideofthe
nose

lateralnasala.
anastomoses
withthedorsal
nasala.

lateralpalpebral

lacrimala.

superiorbr.,inferior lateralsidesofthe
br.
upperandlower
eyelids

the2lateral
palpebralaa.
anastomosewith
thetwomedial
palpebralaa.to
formthe
superiorand
inferiorpalpebral
arches

lesserpalatine

descending
palatinea.

nonamedbranches musclesofthesoft
palate,mucosaand
glandsofthesoft
palate,upperpart
ofthetonsilbed

lesserpalatine
a.isendangered
byanesthetic
injectionsfor
dental
procedures

lingual

externalcarotid suprahyoidbr.,
a.
dorsallingualbrs.,
deeplinguala.,
sublinguala.

lingual,deep

linguala.

nonamedbranches anteriortongue

deeplinguala.is
theterminalbr.
ofthelinguala.

lingual,dorsal

linguala.

nonamedbranches posteriortongue,
palatinetonsil,soft
palate

dorsallinguala.
isonlyoneof
fivearteriesthat
supplythetonsil
bed

masseteric

maxillarya.

nonamedbranches masseterm.

masseterica.
passesthrough
themandibular
notchtoenter
thedeepsurface
ofthemasseter
m.

tongue,suprahyoid linguala.isthe
muscles,palatine
2ndbranchoffof
tonsil
theanteriorside
oftheexternal
carotida.itmay
ariseincommon
withthefaciala.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

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maxillary

UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

externalcarotid deepauriculara.,
a.
anteriortympanic
a.,middle
meningeala.,
inferioralveolara.,
masseterica.,
posteriordeep
temporala.,
anteriordeep
temporala.,buccal
a.,posterior
superioralveolara.,
infraorbitala.,a.of
thepterygoidcanal,
descendingpalatine
a.,sphenopalatine
a.

deepface,
infratemporalfossa,
tympaniccavity,
musclesof
mastication

maxillarya.may
coursemedialor
lateraltothe
lateralpterygoid
m.

medialpalpebral ophthalmica.

superiorbr.,inferior medialaspectsof
the2medial
br.
theupperandlower palpebralaa.
eyelids
anastomosewith
thetwolateral
palpebralaa.to
formthe
superior&
inferiorpalpebral
arches

meningeal,
middle

maxillarya.

frontalbr.,parietal
br.,petrousbr.,
superiortympanic
br.

mental

inferioralveolar nonamedbranches skin,superficial

a.
fasciaandfacial
mm.ofthechinand
lowerlip

mostofthedura
mater(approx.
80%),bonesofthe
cranialvault

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

middle
meningeala.
passesthrough
theforamen
spinosumitmay
betornbya
fractureatthe
pterionitis
encircledbythe
auriculotemporal
n.
mentala.passes
throughthe
mentalforamen
itanastomoses
withtheinferior
labiala.it
accompanies
thementaln.

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middlecerebral

internalcarotid lateralfrontobasal
a.
a.prefrontalsulcal
a.precentralsulcal
a.centralsulcala.
anteriorparietala.
posteriorparietala.
anterior,middleand
posteriortemporal
aa.

frontal,parietaland
temporallobes,
especiallyontheir
lateralsurfaces

themiddle
cerebrala.isthe
direct
continuationof
theinternal
carotida.

middle
meningeal

maxillarya.

frontalbr.,parietal
br.,petrousbr.,
superiortympanic
br.

mostofthedura
mater(approx.
80%),bonesofthe
cranialvault

middle
meningeala.
passesthrough
theforamen
spinosumitmay
betornbya
fractureatthe
pterionitis
encircledbythe
auriculotemporal
n.

middlesuperior
alveolar

infraorbitala.

dentalbrs.,
mucosalbrs.

maxillarypremolar
teethpartofthe
maxillarysinus

middlesuperior
alveolara.is
locatedbetween
theinnerand
outertablesof
boneofthe
maxilla

middletemporal

superficial
temporala.

nonamedbranches temporalism.

middletemporal
a.anastomoses
withthe
posteriorbr.of
thedeep
temporala.

mylohyoid

inferioralveolar nonamedbranches mylohyoidm.

a.

mylohyoida.
accompanies
themylohyoidn.
tothemylohyoid
m.arareartery
becauseit
entersthe
superficial
surfaceofits
targetmuscle

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

nasal,dorsal

ophthalmica.

nonamedbranches dorsumofthenose dorsalnasala.

anastomoses
withtheangular
a.

nasal,lateral

faciala.

nonamedbranches lateralsideofthe
nose

occipital

externalcarotid sternocleidomastoid lateralneck,

a.
brs.,auricularbr.,
posteriorneck,
mastoidbr.,
posteriorscalp
descendingbr.,
occipitalbrs.

occipitala.
anastomoses
withthedeep
cervicala.it
courseswiththe
greateroccipital
nerveonthe
posteriorsurface
ofthehead

ophthalmic

internalcarotid centralretinala.,
a.
lacrimala.,
muscularbrs.,
anteriorethmoidal
a.,posterior
ethmoidala.,
medialpalpebrala.,
supraorbitala.,
supratrochleara.,
dorsalnasala.

opticnerve,optic
chiasmoptictract,
retina,extraocular
mm.,eyelids,
forehead,ethmoidal
aircells,lateral
nasalwall,dorsum
ofthenose

ophthalmica.
providesthe
onlyarterytothe
retina(central
retinala.)

palatine,
ascending

faciala.

nonamedbranches superiorpharyngeal
constrictor,soft
palate,palatine
tonsil

ascending
palatinea.
sharessupplyof
thetonsilbed
with4otheraa.
(seealso:
tonsillarbr.of
thefaciala.,
palatinebr.of
theascending
pharyngeala.,
tonsillarbr.of
thedorsal
linguala.,
tonsillarbr.of
thedescending
palatinea.)

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

lateralnasala.
anastomoses
withthedorsal
nasala.

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palatine,
descending

UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

maxillarya.

greaterpalatinea.,
lesserpalatinea.

palate

descending
palatinea.
accompanies
thegreater
palatinen.within
thepalatine
canal

palatine,greater descending
palatinea.

nonamedbranches hardpalate,
palatineglands,
palatinemucosa

greaterpalatine
a.accompanies
thegreater
palatinen.,itis
endangeredby
anesthetic
injectionsfor
dental
procedures

palatine,lesser

nonamedbranches musclesofthesoft
palate,mucosaand
glandsofthesoft
palate,upperpart
ofthetonsilbed

lesserpalatine
a.isendangered
byanesthetic
injectionsfor
dental
procedures

palpebral,lateral lacrimala.

superiorbr.,inferior lateralsidesofthe
br.
upperandlower
eyelids

the2lateral
palpebralaa.
anastomosewith
thetwomedial
palpebralaa.to
formthe
superiorand
inferiorpalpebral
arches

palpebral,
medial

ophthalmica.

superiorbr.,inferior medialaspectsof
the2medial
br.
theupperandlower palpebralaa.
eyelids
anastomosewith
thetwolateral
palpebralaa.to
formthe
superior&
inferiorpalpebral
arches

pharyngeal,
ascending

externalcarotid pharyngealbrs.,
pharynx
inferiortympanic,
posteriormeningeal

descending
palatinea.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

arisesfromthe
medialsideof
theexternal
carotida.close
tothe
birfurcation
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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

posterior
auricular

externalcarotid stylomastoidbr.,
a.
auricularbr.,
occipitalbr.

partoftheexternal
ear,scalpand
deeperstructures
posteriortotheear

posterior
auricularand
greateroccipital
sharetheir
regionof
distribution

posterior
cerebral

basilara.

partofthe
brainstem
(oculomotor
nucleus,nucleusof
EdingerWestphal,
trochlearnucleus)
medialandinferior
portionsofthe
temporallobe
occipitallobe

thetwoposterior
cerebralaa.are
theterminalbrs.
ofthebasilara.

posterior
communicating

internalcarotid perforatingaa.
a.

ananastomotic
connection

avesselof
anastomosis
whichconnects
theinternal
carotida.tothe
posterior
cerebrala.part
ofthecerebral
arterialcircle(of
Willis)

posteriordeep
temporal

maxillarya.

nonamedbranches posteriorpartofthe posteriordeep

temporalism.
temporala.
branchesinthe
infratemporal
fossaandruns
deepto
temporalism.

posterior
ethmoidal

ophthalmica.

nonamedbranches posteriorethmoidal posterior

aircellsolfactory
ethmoidala.
nerves
leavestheorbit
throughthe
posterior
ethmoidal
foramen

posteriorcerebral
a.anteriorand
posteriortemporal
brs.medial
occipitala.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

posteriorinferior vertebrala.
cerebellar

partofcerebellum
medulla(cochlear
nucleus,vestibular
nucleus,dorsal
motornucleusof
cranialnerveX,
nucleusambiguus)

posteriorinferior
cerebellara.
sharesitsregion
ofsupplywith
thevertebrala.
andanterior
spinala.
(watershed
region)

posterior
radicular

theyariseas
nonamedbranches meningesspinal
multiple
cordspinalnerve
branchesof
dorsalrootlets
severalvessels
(vertebral,
posterior
intercostal,
lumbar,and
lateralsacral
aa.)

posterior
radicularaa.
accompanythe
dorsalrootlets
they
anastomosewith
theposterior
spinalaa.

posteriorseptal

sphenopalatine nonamedbranches posterioraspectof

a.(several
thenasalseptum
smallbrs.)

posteriorseptal
a.suppliesthe
mucous
membraneof
thenasal
septum

posteriorspinal

contributions
pialarterialplexus
receivedfrom
severalarteries
(posterior
inferior
cerebellar,
vertebral,
posterior
intercostal,
subcostal,
lumbar,lateral
sacralaa.)

spinalcord,
especiallythe
dorsalcolumns
medulla(nucleus
cuneatusand
nucleusgracilis)

pairedposterior
spinalaa.
anastomosewith
theposterior
radicularbrs.of
thespinalrami
ofthevertebral,
posterior
intercostal,
subcostal,
lumbarand
lateralsacralaa.

maxillarymolar
teethpartofthe
maxillarysinus

posterior
superioralveolar
a.entersthe
maxillainthe
infratemporal
fossa

posterior
maxillarya.
superioralveolar

posteriorspinala.

dentalbrs.,
mucosalbrs.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

quadrigeminal

posterior
cerebral

nonamedbranches trochlearnerve
corpora
quadrigemina

blockageofthe
quadrigeminala.
resultsin
paralysisofthe
superioroblique
m.oftheeye

radicular,
anterior

theyariseas
multiple
branchesof
severalvessels
(vertebral,
posterior
intercostal,
lumbar,and
lateralsacral
aa.)

theyaccompany
theventralrootlets
toreachthespinal
cord

anteriorradicular
aa.anastomose
withtheanterior
spinala.

radicular,great
anterior

thespinalbr.of nonamedbranches lowerspinalcord

thelower
posterior
intercostala.,
subcostala.,or
upperlumbar
a.,usuallyon
left

greatanterior
radiculara.
anastomoses
withtheanterior
spinala.atlower
thoracicorupper
lumbarspinal
cordlevels

radicular,
posterior

theyariseas
nonamedbranches meningesspinal
multiple
cordspinalnerve
branchesof
dorsalrootlets
severalvessels
(vertebral,
posterior
intercostal,
lumbar,and
lateralsacral
aa.)

posterior
radicularaa.
accompanythe
dorsalrootlets
they
anastomosewith
theposterior
spinalaa.

sphenopalatine

maxillarya.

meningesspinal
cordspinalnerve
ventralrootlets

posteriorlateral
posterolateralnasal sphenopalatine
nasalbrs.,posterior wall,posteroinferior a.accompanies
septalbrs.
nasalseptum,hard thenasopalatine
palatebehindthe
n.
maxillaryincisor
teeth

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

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UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

spinal,anterior

contributions
pialarterialplexus
receivedfrom
severalarteries
(vertebral,
posterior
intercostal,
subcostal,
lumbar,lateral
sacralaa.)

meningesspinal
cordmedulla
(dorsalmotor
nucleusofcranial
nerveX,nucleus
ambiguus,spinal
accessorynucleus
andhypoglossal
nucleus)

theanterior
spinala.
anastomoses
withtheanterior
radicularbrs.of
thespinalrami
ofthevertebral,
posterior
intercostal,
subcostal,
lumbarand
lateralsacralaa.

spinal,posterior

contributions
pialarterialplexus
receivedfrom
severalarteries
(posterior
inferior
cerebellar,
vertebral,
posterior
intercostal,
subcostal,
lumbar,lateral
sacralaa.)

spinalcord,
especiallythe
dorsalcolumns
medulla(nucleus
cuneatusand
nucleusgracilis)

pairedposterior
spinalaa.
anastomosewith
theposterior
radicularbrs.of
thespinalrami
ofthevertebral,
posterior
intercostal,
subcostal,
lumbarand
lateralsacralaa.

stylomastoid

posterior
auriculara.

subclavian

brachiocephalic 1stpart:vertebral
a.(right),aortic a.,thyrocervical
arch(left)
trunk,internal
thoracica.2nd
part:costocervical
trunk3rdpart:
dorsalscapulara.
(70%)

nonamedbranches tympaniccavity,
mastoidaircells

neck,brain,spinal
cord,thyroidgland,
larynx,shoulder,
chestmuscles,
upperlimb

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

stylomastoidbr.
oftheposterior
auriculara.
passesthrough
thestylomastoid
foramenin
companywith
thefacialn.
subclaviana.is
continuouswith
theaxillarya.,
thename
changeoccurs
atthelateral
borderofthe
firstribanterior
scalenemuscle
passesanterior
tothesubclavian
a.,dividingitinto
3parts

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sublingual

linguala.

nonamedbranches mylohyoidm.,
sublingualgland,
floorofthemouth

sublinguala.is
oneofthree
branchesofthe
linguala.(see
also:dorsal
linguala.,deep
linguala.)

submental

faciala.

nonamedbranches muscles,skinand
fasciaunderthe
chin
submandibular
gland

submentala.
suppliesthe
submandibular
glandandthe
mylohyoidm.in
additiontothe
skinand
superficialfascia

superficial
temporal

externalcarotid transversefaciala. scalpofthelateral

a.
anteriorauricular
sideofthehead
brs.zygomatico
lateralface
orbitala.middle
temporalism.
temporala.frontal
br.parietalbr.

superficial
temporala.and
maxillarya.are
theterminal
branchesofthe
externalcarotid
a.

superior
cerebellar

basilara.

nonamedbranches uppercerebellum
trochlearnucleus

theremaybe
morethanone
superior
cerebellara.
arisingfromthe
basilara.on
eachside

superiorlabial

faciala.

septalbr.

superiorlabiala.
suppliesthe
orbicularisoris
m.andthe
levatorlabii
superiorism.

superior
laryngeal

superiorthyroid nonamedbranches internalaspectof

a.
thesuperiorlarynx

skin,muscles,
fasciaeandmucosa
oftheupperlip,
lowerpartofthe
anteriorendofthe
nasalseptum

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

superior
laryngeala.
penetratesthe
thyrohyoid
membranein
companywith
theinternalbr.of
thesuperior
laryngealn.

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superiorthyroid

externalcarotid infrahyoidbr.,
a.
sternocleidomastoid
br.,superior
laryngeala.,
cricothyroidbr.,
glandularbrs.

supraorbital

ophthalmica.

nonamedbranches muscles,skinand
fasciaofthe
forehead

supraorbitala.
accompanies
thesupraorbital
n.

suprascapular

thyrocervical
trunk

muscular

anastomoses
withthe
circumflex
scapulara.and
thedorsal
scapulara.to
formthe
scapular
anastomosis

supratrochlear

ophthalmica.

nonamedbranches muscles,skinand
supratrochleara.
fasciaofthemedial accompanies
forehead
the
supratrochlearn.

temporal,
anteriordeep

maxillarya.

nonamedbranches anteriorpartof
temporalism.and
surroundingdeep
tissues

anteriordeep
temporala.
branchesinthe
infratemporal
fossaandruns
deepto
temporalism.

temporal,middle superficial
temporala.

nonamedbranches temporalism.

middletemporal
a.anastomoses
withthe
posteriorbr.of
thedeep
temporala.

temporal,
posteriordeep

nonamedbranches posteriorpartofthe posteriordeep

temporalism.
temporala.
branchesinthe
infratemporal
fossaandruns
deepto
temporalism.

maxillarya.

thyroidgland,upper
partofthelarynx,
infrahyoidmm.,
sternocleidomastoid
m.

supraspinatus&
infraspinatus,
shoulderjoint

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

superiorthyroid
a.isusuallythe
firstbranchof
theexternal
carotida.

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temporal,
superficial

UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

externalcarotid transversefaciala. scalpofthelateral

a.
anteriorauricular
sideofthehead
brs.zygomatico
lateralface
orbitala.middle
temporalism.
temporala.frontal
br.parietalbr.

thoracic,internal subclaviana.
(1stpart)

pericardiocophrenic
a.,perforatingbrs.,
anteriorintercostal
aa.,mediastinal
brs.,thymicbrs.,
musculophrenica.,
superiorepigastric
a.

thyrocervical
trunk

subclaviana.,
1stpart

inferiorthyroida.,
lowerneck,
transversecervical posteriorshoulder,
a.,suprascapulara. thyroidgland

thyrocervical
trunkdoesnot
giverisetothe
ascending
cervicala.itisa
branchofthe
inferiorthyroida.

thyroid,inferior

thyrocervical
trunk

ascendingcervical
a.,inferiorlaryngeal
a.,esophagealbrs.,
trachealbrs.,
glandularbrs.

thyroidgland,lower
larynx,upper
trachea,upper
esophagus,deep
neckmuscles

inferiorthyroida.
givesrisetothe
ascending
cervicala.asit
archesmedially

thyroid,superior externalcarotid infrahyoidbr.,

a.
sternocleidomastoid
br.,superior
laryngeala.,
cricothyroidbr.,
glandularbrs.

thyroidgland,upper
partofthelarynx,
infrahyoidmm.,
sternocleidomastoid
m.

superiorthyroid
a.isusuallythe
firstbranchof
theexternal
carotida.

thyroideaima

mediastinum,
anteriorthoracic
wall,anterior
abdominalwall,
respiratory
diaphragm

superficial
temporala.and
maxillarya.are
theterminal
branchesofthe
externalcarotid
a.
internalthoracic
a.isalsoknown
as:internal
mammarya.

brachiocephalic nonamedbranches isthmusofthe

thyroideaimaa.
a.oraorticarch
thyroidgland,upper ispresentin
trachea
10%of
individualsitis
clinically
significant
becauseitisa
midlinearteryin
theregionof
tracheostomy
imameans
"lowest"

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

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transverse
cervical

UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

thyrocervical
trunk

unnamedmuscular trapeziusmuscle
branches,possibly andsurrounding
thedorsalscapular tissues
a.

transverse
cervicala.gives
risetothedorsal
scapulara.
~30%ofthetime

transversefacial superficial
temporala.

nonamedbranches parotidgland,
masseterm.,facial
musclesandskin

transversefacial
a.anastomoses
withbranchesof
thebuccal,
infraorbitaland
facialaa.

trunk,
brachiocephalic

aorticarch

rightcommon
carotida.,right
subclaviana.

rightsideofthe
thereisonlyone
headandneck
brachiocephalic
rightupperlimband trunk
rightsideofthe
chestwall

trunk,
costocervical

subclaviana.,
2ndpart

deepcervicala.,
highestintercostal
a.

deepmusclesof
theposteriorneck
posteriorendsof
thefirst2
intercostalspaces

trunk,
thyrocervical

subclaviana.,
1stpart

inferiorthyroida.,
lowerneck,
transversecervical posteriorshoulder,
a.,suprascapulara. thyroidgland

thyrocervical
trunkdoesnot
giverisetothe
ascending
cervicala.itisa
branchofthe
inferiorthyroida.

tympanic,
anterior

maxillarya.

nonamedbranches middleear

anterior
tympanica.
passesthrough
the
petrotympanic
fissurealong
withthechorda
tympanin.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

costocervical
trunkislocated
betweenthe
anteriorscalene
m.andthe
middlescalene
m.itarches
posteriorlyover
thecervical
parietalpleura

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11/17/2016

vertebral

UnivofMichiganGrossAnatomyArteriesoftheHeadandNeck

subclaviana.
(1stpart)

spinalbrs.,
muscularbrs.,
anteriorspinala.,
posteriorinferior
cerebellara.,
medullarybrs.,
meningealbrs.,
basilara.

deepneck,cervical
spinalcord,spinal
cordmedulla
(dorsalmotor
nucleusofcranial
nerveX,nucleus
ambiguus,spinal
accessorynucleus
andhypoglossal
nucleus)

Thematerialpresentedinthesetablesiscontainedinthebook:
MedChartsAnatomybyThomasR.Gest&JayeSchlesinger
PublishedbyILOC,Inc.,NewYork
Copyright1995,unauthorizeduseprohibited.

vertebrala.
anastomoses
withtheinternal
carotida.inthe
cerebralarterial
circle(ofWillis)
itcourses
throughthe
transverse
foraminaof
vertebraeC1C6

Theexcellenteditorialassistanceof
Dr.PatTank,UAMS
isgratefullyacknowledged.

Copyright2000TheUniversityofMichigan.Unauthorizeduseprohibited.

http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/anatomytables/arteries_head_neck.html

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