A bridge is a structure providing passage over an obstacle without closing the w

ay beneath .The required passage for the road,railway,pedestrians,a canal or pip

eline and obstacles may be crossed may be a river, a road , railway or valley. T
he first bridges were natural huge rock arch that spanned over a river or a vall
ey. The first man-made bridges were tree trunks laid across streams in girder fa
shion, flat stones, and festoons of vegetation, twisted or braided and hung in s
uspension. These three types: beam, arch, and suspension
have been known and bui
lt since ancient times and are the origins from which engineers and builders der
ived various combinations such as the truss, cantilever, cable-stayed, tied-arch
, and moveable spans. Bridges have fascinated mankind over time. Rapid developme
nt and innovation of concrete technology ,construction technique, advancement in
design philosophy and analytical technique now it is possible to make complex b
ridge form ,longer span and slender decks bridges constructed all over the world
. Today s Bridge building is taken as the symbols of art and science, good archite
cture, trade, and engineering skills. They have also symbolized links between pe
ople, communities, and nations. Strategic and tactical bridges have been of impo
rtance for exercising power. Bridge building has therefore been a high-ranked pr
ofession.