Uttar Ganga Storage Hydroelectric Project

Power Simulation Study

Chapter-V
5.

POWER SIMULATION STUDY

5.1General
The objective of the Power Simulation Study is to maximize the power output from the reservoir
by carrying out reservoir simulation and to guarantee a constant output throughout the months of
low flow and high demand i.e. from November to April.
A reservoir Simulation Study was carried out to estimate the power and energy generation from
the reservoir. A computer plan was prepared in spreadsheet, which uses the mean daily flow
sequences and the power plant characteristics to estimate reservoir storage/deficit, peak and off
peak energies and reservoir operation schedule.
The Uttarganga Reservoir is proposed for single purpose i.e. only for producing energy.
Therefore it does not have any flood control, water supply, irrigation requirements and other
purposes.

5.2Approach
The computer program, mentioned above, simulates the operation of a reservoir system for
hydroelectric power generation. The following are the main input data:

Mean daily flows

Area-Volume Elevation Curve

Mean Monthly Evaporation

Minimum Operating Level (MOL)

Normal Full Supply Level (FSL)

Maximum Full Supply Level

Tail Water Level

Feasibility Study

Project Development Department

5-1

Uttar Ganga Storage Hydroelectric Project

Power Simulation Study

Size of Power Conveyance System

The program estimates energy output, both dry and wet energy, for different full supply level of
the reservoir ranging from elevation 2808 m to 2885 m.
The calculation of average gross head is based on the mean reservoir storage for the current
period (average of the storage at the beginning and the end of the period). The net head is
calculated after deducting all the head losses of the conveyance system from the gross head.
Hence the net head is varying daily.
The flow release on Uttarganga river is considered as the minimum of longterm daily average
flow which is 2.87 m3/s. The reservoir operation hour for simulation is tabulated below.
Table No. 5.1 Reservoir Operation Hours

The total storage of the reservoir is the maximum capacity of the reservoir, which includes the
dead storage and live storage. Dead storage is that portion of the reservoir storage, which is not
used for power generation. The live storage is the storage from the maximum full supply level to
minimum operating level. The power simulation study has been carried out for the reservoir full
supply level from 2808 masl to 2885 masl. The range of total storage varies from 56.43 M m 3 to
880.60 Mm3 and live storage varies from 1.89 Mm3 to 824.17 Mm3 with dead storage volume of
21.26 Mm3.
The power output is calculated assuming overall efficiency of 88.41% for the electromechanical
equipment. The installed capacity is governed by the adopted peaking time and the available live
storage capacity. The installed capacity of the project varies from 13.13 MW at 2808 masl and
828.15 MW at 2885 masl with peaking hours of 5 to 12 in maximum (as per operation hour of
Table No. 5.1). Mean monthly inflow and the evaporation from the reservoir surface for
Feasibility Study

Project Development Department

5-2

Uttar Ganga Storage Hydroelectric Project

Power Simulation Study

different months of the year used for the simulation are presented in the Table No. 5.2 and Table
No. 5.3. Similarly, the storage elevation data and area elevation data are presented in the Table
No. 5.3 and Figure 5.3 respectively.

Table No. 5.2 Mean Monthly Inflow and Evaporation

Figure 5.1: Longterm Mean Monthly Hydrograph

Feasibility Study

Project Development Department

5-3

Uttar Ganga Storage Hydroelectric Project

Power Simulation Study

Figure 5.2: Monthly Evaporation

Discharge. m3/s

70.00

2900.00

60.00

2880.00

50.00

2860.00

40.00

2840.00

30.00

2820.00

20.00

2800.00

10.00

2780.00

0.00

2760.00

Reservoir Level, masl

Inflow (m3/s)
Reservoir Level

Figure 5.3: The typical inflow & reservoir drawdown curve

Feasibility Study

Project Development Department

5-4

Uttar Ganga Storage Hydroelectric Project

Power Simulation Study

Table No. 5.3 Storage, Area & Elevation Curve

Feasibility Study

Project Development Department

5-5

Uttar Ganga Storage Hydroelectric Project

Power Simulation Study

Surface Area, Sq. Km.

1000

500

0
3000
2900
2800

Reservoir Elevation, m

2700

Storage Volumn, Mm3

Surface Area, Sq. Km.

2600
0

2500
1000

500

Storage Volume, Mm3

Figure 5.4: Storage Elevation and Area Elevation Curve

5.3Result of Simulation
The installed capacity, corresponding design flow, Dry energy, Wet Energy and total energy for
different full supply levels have been estimated by carrying out reservoir simulation study which
are summarized in theError: Reference source not foundTable 5.4 below. The details of output
are tabulated in Annex:

Feasibility Study

Project Development Department

5-6

Uttar Ganga Storage Hydroelectric Project

Power Simulation Study

Table 5.4 Summary of Reservoir Simulation

Feasibility Study

Project Development Department

5-7

Uttar Ganga Storage Hydroelectric Project

Power Simulation Study

Feasibility Study

Project Development Department

5-8