Cement is a material with adhesive and cohesive properties which make it capable of bonding

minerals fragments into a compact whole.

Function of cement are
To bind the sand and coarse aggregate together
To fill voids in between sand and coarse aggregate particle
To form a compact mass.
There are two types:
Hydraulic cement
Nonhydraulic cement.
Hydraulic cement sets and hardens by the action of water. Such Portland cement. In other word,
it means that hydraulic cements are Any cements that turns into a solid product in the presence
of water (as well as air) resulting in a material that does not disintegrate in water
Nonhydraulic cement; Any cement that does not require water to transform it into a solid
product. Two (2) common Nonhydraulic cement are
Lime- derived from Limestone/chalk.
Gypsum.
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Geopolymers cement
Refer to Hardened cementitious paste made from fly ash and alkaline solution. It is an emerging
class of cementitious materials that aimed at utilizing one of the most abundant industrial byproduct on earth call fly ash.
Applications in replacing Portland cementbased concrete materials. Its Performance
often exceeds that of Portland cement concretes because of its increased
durability,
resistance to chemical attack,
fire protection fire protection.

There are several properties of Portland cement, which are commonly measured. These
properties are
Thickening time; The thickening time is the amount of time necessary for the
slurry to reach a consistency of 100 poises at different well temperature, depth, and pressure
conditions.
compressive strength, The compressive strength is the force per unit internal crosssectional area in psi necessary to crush the cement specimen
slurry volume, free water separation; The free water separation is the measurement of
the water loss of the cement expressed in volume per unit time. It is directly proportional to
the water to cement ratio
and hydraulic flow properties.
The hydraulic flow properties are the rheological properties of
the cement necessary to make critical velocity calculations. The calculation of slurry
volumes will usually be based upon water to cement ratios. The water to cement ratio is the
ratio of the weight of water to a unit weight of dry cement.
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