GSCIENCE CLASSES

A complete Guide for Science

PRACTICE SET
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ACID AND BASES

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (1 Mark)
1. Blue and red litmus papers are placed simultaneously in a colourless
aqueous solution. It is found that the colour of both litmus papers is
red. What is the nature of the solution and why?
2. Name two metals which react with concentrated sodium hydroxide
solution to liberate hydrogen gas.
3. Two solutions A and B have pH values 3.0 and 9.5 respectively. Which
of these will turn litmus solution from blue to red and which will turn
phenolphthalein from colourless to pink.
4. Which bases are called alkalises? Give an example of an alkali.
5. The pH of a sample of vegetable soup was found to be 6.5. How is
this soup likely to taste?
6. Which one of these has a higher concentration of H+ ions? 1 M HCl
or 1 M CH3COOH
10. What effect does an increase in concentration of H+(aq) in a solution
have on the pH of the solution?
11. Name the gas usually liberated when a dilute acid reacts with a
metal. What happens when a burning candle is brought near this
gas?
12. Name the gas evolved when dilute HCl reacts with sodium hydrogen
carbonate. How is it recognized?
13. On adding dilute hydrochloric acid to copper oxide powder, the
solution formed is blue-green. Predict the new compound formed
which imparts blue-green colour to the solution.
14. What happens when water is added to quick lime?o
15. How is the pH of a solution of an acid influenced when it is diluted?
16. Why is acetic acid called a weak acid though there are 4 'H' atoms in
the molecule?
Ans Acetic acid is called a monobasic acid because only one of the 4 'H'
atoms of the acid is released as H+ ion in solution.
17. Write the name and the chemical formula of the organic acid present
in vinegar.
18. Write balanced chemical equation for the reaction taking place when
dry blue crystals of copper sulphate are dropped into concentrated
sulphuric acid.
19. Mention the name of two natural indicators. Why are they called so?
20. When hydrogen gas so formed in the reaction between the metal
and acid is allowed to pass in the soap solution, soap bubbles goes
up in the air. Why?
21. What is milk of lime and lime water?
22. What will happen when passing our breath into a container
containing lime water ,Ca(OH)2 ?
23. What is the action of NaHSO4 solution on litmus and why?

Prepared by: Ph.Gokul Sharma(8974434474)

M.Sc( Physics),B.Ed

GSCIENCE CLASSES
A complete Guide for Science
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Ans: Blue litmus turns red in NaHSO4 solution due to the release of H +
ions along with Na+ ions. Thus, NaHSO4 is an acid salt.
24. Name a strong base and a weak base. 2) Name a hydrated salt.
Ans: 1) A strong base is sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and a weak base is
ammonium
hydroxide(NH4OH).
2) A hydrated salt is copper sulphate crystals (CuSO4.5H2O).
23.
How does a strong acid differ from a concentrated acid?
24. How is the concentration of hydronium ions (H3O+) affected when a
solution of an acid is diluted?
Ans. :
When an acid is diluted, the concentration of hydronium ions
(H3O+) per unit volume decreases. This means that the strength of
the acid decreases.
25. A few drops of phenolphthalein were added to an unknown solution
A. it acquired pink colour. Now another unknown solution B was
added to it drop by drop. The solution became colorless. What is the
nature of A and B?
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSI
(2 Marks)
1. The number of replaceable hydrogen ions (H+) in the following acids:
HCl, CH3COOH, H2SO4, H3PO4.
2. Name a salt of a strong acid HNO3 and a weak base like NH4OH.
Represent the reaction that takes place.
Ans The salt that results due to the above reaction is Ammonium nitrate
(NH4NO3). The reaction is represented as: HNO3 + NH4OH

NH4NO3
3. A black color metal oxide A react with hydrochloric acid to form bluish
green salt B along with water. (i) Name the black colour substance A
and B (ii) Write the balance chemical reaction involved during the
reaction.
4. Name the hydrogen atoms in CH3COOH which cannot be replaced by
metals. Why?
5. What is the action of litmus on ferric chloride solution and why?
6. What is the action of Na2CO3 solution on litmus and why?
7. Though NaHSO4 solution releases H+ ions, why is it not called an acid?
Ans NaHSO4 solution is not called an acid because an acid should release
only H+ ions as
positive ions and not any other positive ions. But
NaHSO4 is solution releases H+ ions as well as Na+ ions also as
positive ion.
8. Define the term 'acid salt' with examples.
9. When lead dioxide reacts with concentrated HCl and produces a salt
and water, the reaction is not called a neutral reaction why?
Ans: For a reaction to be called a neutral reaction the products should be
only salt
and water. But in the above reaction, Cl2 gas is also
liberated.
10. Why do acids not show acidic behaviour in the absence of water?
Ans: Acids do not show acidic behaviour in absence of water because the
dissociation of hydrogen ions from an acid occurs in presence of
water only. It is hydrogen ions that are responsible for the acidic
behaviour.
Prepared by: Ph.Gokul Sharma(8974434474)
M.Sc( Physics),B.Ed

GSCIENCE CLASSES
A complete Guide for Science
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11. Equal lengths of magnesium ribbons are taken in test tubes A and B.
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to test tube A, while acetic acid
(CH3COOH) is added to test tube B. In which test tube will the fizzing
occur more vigorously and why?
Ans: The fizzing will occur strongly in test tube A, in which hydrochloric
acid (HCl) is added. This is because HCl is a stronger acid than
CH3COOH and therefore produces hydrogen gas at a faster speed due
to which fizzing occurs.
12. Which gas is usually liberated when an acid reacts with a metal?
Illustrate with an example. How will you test for the presence of this
gas?
Ans Hydrogen gas is usually liberated when an acid reacts with a
metal.Take few pieces of zinc granules and add 5 ml of dilute H2SO4.
Shake it and pass the gas produced into a soap solution. The bubbles
of the soap solution are formed. These soap bubbles contain
hydrogen gas.
2H2SO4
+
Zn
Zn (SO4)2 + 2H2
We can test the evolved hydrogen gas by its burning with a pop
sound when a candle is brought near the soap bubbles.
13. Why do HCl, HNO3, etc., show acidic characters in aqueous solutions
while solutions of compounds like alcohol and glucose do not show
acidic character?
Ans: The dissociation of HCl or HNO3 to form hydrogen ions always
occurs in the presence of water. Hydrogen ions (H+) combine
with H2O to form hydronium ions (H3O+).
HCI -------- H+ + CI
+
H
+
H2 O H3 O+
Although aqueous solutions of glucose and alcohol contain
hydrogen, these cannot dissociate in water toform hydrogen ions.
Hence, they do not show acidic character.
14. What will you observe when a spoonful of black copper oxide is
placed in a beaker containing warm and dilute sulphuric acid? Write
a balanced equation
in support of your answer and state the
nature of copper (II) oxide in this reaction.
15. Why does dry HCl gas not change the colour of the dry litmus
paper?
Ans. Colour of the litmus paper is changed by the hydrogen ions. Dry HCl
gas does not contain H+ ions.It is only in the aqueous solution that an
acid dissociates to give ions. Since in this case, neither HCl is in the
aqueous form nor the litmus paper is wet, therefore, the colour of the
litmus paper does not change.
15. Name the acid present in ant sting and give its chemical formula.
Also give the common method to get relief from the discomfort
caused by the ant sting.
16.
Two solutions R and Q are tested with universal indicator. The
solution P
turns red, whereas solution Q turns orange. Which
solution: (i) is more
acidic; (ii) has more pH.
17. Do basic solutions also have H+(aq) ions? If yes, then why are these
basic?
Prepared by: Ph.Gokul Sharma(8974434474)
M.Sc( Physics),B.Ed

GSCIENCE CLASSES
A complete Guide for Science

Why does nitric acid not produce hydrogen, when treated with
metals?
19.
Name the gas evolved when dilute sulphuric acid acts on sodium
carbonate. Write the chemical equation for the reaction involved.
20. What is meant by the term pH of a solution? The pH of gastric juices
extracted from the stomach of two persons A and B were found
to be 1 and 3 respectively. The stomach juice of which person
is more
acidic?
21. Compounds like NaHSO4 and Mg(OH)Cl are known as acid and basic
salts .Why are they so called? Write equation each for the
formation of the above type of salts.
Ans NaHSO4 is a soluble acid salt because it has replaceable H atom.
The reaction:
NaHCO3 +H2O
NaOH +H2CO3
Mg(OH)Cl is a basic salt because , it has replaceable H atom.
The reaction : Mg (OH)2 +HCl
Mg(OH)Cl +H2O
22.
NaHSO4 solution turns blue litmus red whereas NaHCO3 solution
turns red
litmus blue Give reason why?
Ans NaHSO4 turns blue litmus red because it is a soluble acid salt which
give solutions acidic to litmus. But NaHCO3 solution turns red litmus
blue because it a basic which is slightly alkaline due to the formation
of strong base NaOH.
23. Na2O dissolves in water to form a compound X which is soapy to
touch and bitter in taste. This compound X undergoes neutralisation
reaction with HCl solution to form a salt Y. Identify X and Y.
What will be the nature of the aqueous solution of Y towards litmus
paper.
23. What happen when the normal salt derived from Weak acid and a
strong base on
hydrolysis ? Give an example .
24. When water is added to metal carbonate Na2CO3 it gives strong base
NaOH and a
weak acid H2CO3which is an acidic solution.But what is
the nature of the solution
formed when normal salt AlCl3 is
hydrolysed .Write the chemical equation involved during the reaction
indicating the nature of the product so formed.
25. What is the nature of the solution formed when normal salts derived
from strong
acids and strong base is hydrolysed? Give an example of
the solution.
26. What do you mean by Hydrolysis of salts in water? Give two
examples.
27. What are acid salts? Why are they called so? Give an example.
28. On what factors does the strength of an acid depend?
29. The pH of rain water collected from two cities A and B was found to
be 6 and 5 respectively. Water of which city is more acidic?
30. Why do acids not show acidic behaviour in the absence of water?
What is the
colour change
when a stain of curry on a white cloth
comes in
contact with
soap? And why?
Page

18.

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

(3 Marks)
Prepared by: Ph.Gokul Sharma(8974434474)
M.Sc( Physics),B.Ed

GSCIENCE CLASSES
A complete Guide for Science
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1. What will you observe when a spoonful of black copper oxide is

placed in a beaker containing warm and dilute sulphuric acid? Write a
balanced equation in support of your answer and state the nature of
copper (II) oxide in this reaction.
2. In a test tube containing 4 ml of sodium hydroxide solution two drops
of phenolphthalein and then hydrochloric acid is added drop by drop.
State your observations and state the kind of reaction taking place.
3. A sodium salt is placed in a dry test tube. To this salt is added 5 ml of
hydrochloric acid. Then a lot of effervescence takes place with the
liberations of a colourless gas. The gas on passing through a
colourless solution turns it milky. Answer the following questions.
(i) Which gas is produced during the chemical reaction?
(ii) What is the colourless solution and why does it turn milky?
(iii) What will happen when excess gas is passed into lime water?
4. Describe your observations and explain by writing chemical
equations, when carbon dioxide gas is passed through limewater: (a)
for a minute (b) for more than 5 minutes.
5. Five solutions A, B, C, D and E when tested with universal indicator
showed pH as 4, 1,11,7 and 9 respectively. Which solution is (a)
neutral (b) strongly alkaline (c) strongly acidic (d) weakly acidic (e)
weakly alkaline.
6.
Your are given two solutions A & B. The pH of solution A is 6 and pH
of solution B
is 8
(a) Which solution is acidic and which is basic?
(b) Which solution has more H+ ion concentration?
(c) Why is HCl a stronger acid than acetic acid?
7.
A gas is produced when conc. H2SO4 is added to solid sodium
chloride taken in a
test tube. The gas coming out through the delivery
tube is passed over a dry blue
explain reason with the help of
chemical equation.
8.
(a) Why does an aqueous solution of an acid conduct electricity?
(b) How does the concentration of hydronium ions (H3O+) change
when a
solution of an acid is diluted?
(c) Which has a higher pH value, a concentrated or dilute solution of
hydrochloric acid?
9. What are the salts among chemical substances? Give an example of
a salt derived from a strong acid and a weak base. State the
behaviour of the aqueous solution of this salt towards litmus solution.
10. Zinc granules are heated with dilute hydrochloric acid solution and
the gas evolved is passed through soap solution, then the tiny
bubbles of soap float
up
in the air. Answer the following
questions.
a) Which gas is evolved in the above reaction?
b) Why do the soap bubbles rise up in the air?
c) Write a word equation, and a fully balanced equation for the
above reaction.
11. What happens when carbon dioxide gas is passed through the lime
water? What happens when excess of carbon dioxide is passes? Give
reactions involved.
Prepared by: Ph.Gokul Sharma(8974434474)
M.Sc( Physics),B.Ed

GSCIENCE CLASSES
A complete Guide for Science
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12. When colourless zinc oxide is dissolved in hydrochloric acids, a

colourless salt M is obtained.
a) What is the name of the salt M? Write the chemical equation
taking placed during the reaction.
b) A black colour metal oxide M dissolve in hydrochloric acid to
form a bluish green
salt N.
c) Name the metal oxide M and bluish green metal salt N. Write
the chemical equation involved during the reaction.
13. What happens when excess of CO2 gas is passed through lime
water? Give the reaction involved.
14. What will be products if acids react with? a) Metals b) Metal
hydrogen
carbonates .
Illustrate with equations.
15. Name the acid present in following natural sources:(i) Vinegar (ii) Tomato (iii) Tamarind
16.
Name the gas liberated when an acid reacts with a metal. Illustrate
with an
example. How will you test the presence of this gas?
17.
You are provided with three test tubes A, B and C. A contains
distilled water, B
and C contains acidic and basic solutions
respectively. If you are given only blue litmus paper, how will you
identify the nature of solutions in three tubes?
18.
A metal is found in the lab in the form of grey colour granules.
It reacts with
dil.H2SO4 to form a
gas which burns with a
pop sound. Identify the metal .It also
reacts with caustic soda to
liberate the
same gas. Write chemical reactions
involved.
19.
A drop of turmeric solution is added to each of the four
solutions given below. State the colour of
turmeric solutions
observed in each. Soap solution
, sodium bicarbonate solution,
vinegar, lemon juice.
20.
When zinc metal is treated with a dilute solution of a strong
acid, a gas is
evolved, which is utilized
in the
hydrogenation of oil. Name the gas evolved.
Write the chemical
equation involved and give a test to detect the gas formed.

Prepared by: Ph.Gokul Sharma(8974434474)

M.Sc( Physics),B.Ed