Chapter110.

TexasEssentialKnowledgeandSkillsforEnglishLanguageArtsand
Reading
SubchapterB.MiddleSchool
StatutoryAuthority:TheprovisionsofthisSubchapterBissuedundertheTexasEducationCode,
7.102(c)(4)and28.002,unlessotherwisenoted.
110.17.ImplementationofTexasEssentialKnowledgeandSkillsforEnglishLanguageArtsandReading,
MiddleSchool,BeginningwithSchoolYear20092010.
(a)Theprovisionsof110.18110.20ofthissubchaptershallbeimplementedbyschooldistrictsbeginning
withthe20092010schoolyear.
(b)Studentsmustdeveloptheabilitytocomprehendandprocessmaterialfromawiderangeoftexts.Student
expectationsforReading/ComprehensionSkillsasprovidedinthissubsectionaredescribedfortheappropriate
gradelevel.
Figure:19TAC110.17(b)
Source:Theprovisionsofthis110.17adoptedtobeeffectiveSeptember4,2008,33TexReg7162amendedto
beeffectiveFebruary22,2010,35TexReg1462.
110.18.EnglishLanguageArtsandReading,Grade6,BeginningwithSchoolYear20092010.
(a)Introduction.
(1)TheEnglishLanguageArtsandReadingTexasEssentialKnowledgeandSkills(TEKS)are
organizedintothefollowingstrands:Reading,wherestudentsreadandunderstandawidevarietyof
literaryandinformationaltextsWriting,wherestudentscomposeavarietyofwrittentextswithaclear
controllingidea,coherentorganization,andsufficientdetailResearch,wherestudentsareexpectedto
knowhowtolocatearangeofrelevantsourcesandevaluate,synthesize,andpresentideasand
informationListeningandSpeaking,wherestudentslistenandrespondtotheideasofotherswhile
contributingtheirownideasinconversationsandingroupsandOralandWrittenConventions,where
studentslearnhowtousetheoralandwrittenconventionsoftheEnglishlanguageinspeakingand
writing.Thestandardsarecumulativestudentswillcontinuetoaddressearlierstandardsasneededwhile
theyattendtostandardsfortheirgrade.Insixthgrade,studentswillengageinactivitiesthatbuildon
theirpriorknowledgeandskillsinordertostrengthentheirreading,writing,andorallanguageskills.
Studentsshouldreadandwriteonadailybasis.
(2)ForstudentswhosefirstlanguageisnotEnglish,thestudents'nativelanguageservesasafoundation
forEnglishlanguageacquisition.
(A)Englishlanguagelearners(ELLs)areacquiringEnglish,learningcontentinEnglish,and
learningtoreadsimultaneously.Forthisreason,itisimperativethatreadinginstructionshouldbe
comprehensiveandthatstudentsreceiveinstructioninphonemicawareness,phonics,decoding,
andwordattackskillswhilesimultaneouslybeingtaughtacademicvocabularyand
comprehensionskillsandstrategies.ReadinginstructionthatenhancesELL'sabilitytodecode
unfamiliarwordsandtomakesenseofthosewordsincontextwillexpeditetheirabilitytomake
senseofwhattheyreadandlearnfromreading.Additionally,developingfluency,spelling,and
grammaticalconventionsofacademiclanguagemustbedoneinmeaningfulcontextsandnotin
isolation.

(B)ForELLs,comprehensionoftextsrequiresadditionalscaffoldstosupportcomprehensible
input.ELLstudentsshouldusetheknowledgeoftheirfirstlanguage(e.g.,cognates)tofurther
vocabularydevelopment.Vocabularyneedstobetaughtinthecontextofconnecteddiscourseso
thatlanguageismeaningful.ELLsmustlearnhowrhetoricaldevicesinEnglishdifferfromthose
intheirnativelanguage.AtthesametimeEnglishlearnersarelearninginEnglish,thefocusison
academicEnglish,concepts,andthelanguagestructuresspecifictothecontent.
(C)DuringinitialstagesofEnglishdevelopment,ELLsareexpectedtomeetstandardsina
secondlanguagethatmanymonolingualEnglishspeakersfinddifficulttomeetintheirnative
language.However,Englishlanguagelearners'abilitiestomeetthesestandardswillbeinfluenced
bytheirproficiencyinEnglish.WhileEnglishlanguagelearnerscananalyze,synthesize,and
evaluate,theirlevelofEnglishproficiencymayimpedetheirabilitytodemonstratethis
knowledgeduringtheinitialstagesofEnglishlanguageacquisition.Itisalsocriticalto
understandthatELLswithnopreviousorwithinterruptedschoolingwillrequireexplicitand
strategicsupportastheyacquireEnglishandlearntolearninEnglishsimultaneously.
(3)TomeetPublicEducationGoal1oftheTexasEducationCode,4.002,whichstates,"Thestudents
inthepubliceducationsystemwilldemonstrateexemplaryperformanceinthereadingandwritingofthe
Englishlanguage,"studentswillaccomplishtheessentialknowledge,skills,andstudentexpectationsat
Grade6asdescribedinsubsection(b)ofthissection.
(4)TomeetTexasEducationCode,28.002(h),whichstates,"...eachschooldistrictshallfosterthe
continuationofthetraditionofteachingUnitedStatesandTexashistoryandthefreeenterprisesystemin
regularsubjectmatterandinreadingcoursesandintheadoptionoftextbooks,"studentswillbeprovided
oralandwrittennarrativesaswellasotherinformationaltextsthatcanhelpthemtobecomethoughtful,
activecitizenswhoappreciatethebasicdemocraticvaluesofourstateandnation.
(b)Knowledgeandskills.
(1)Reading/Fluency.Studentsreadgradeleveltextwithfluencyandcomprehension.Studentsare
expectedtoadjustfluencywhenreadingaloudgradeleveltextbasedonthereadingpurposeandthe
natureofthetext.
(2)Reading/VocabularyDevelopment.Studentsunderstandnewvocabularyanduseitwhenreadingand
writing.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)determinethemeaningofgradelevelacademicEnglishwordsderivedfromLatin,Greek,or
otherlinguisticrootsandaffixes
(B)usecontext(e.g.,causeandeffectorcompareandcontrastorganizationaltextstructures)to
determineorclarifythemeaningofunfamiliarormultiplemeaningwords
(C)completeanalogiesthatdescribeparttowholeorwholetopart(e.g.,ink:penaspage:____or
pen:inkasbook:_____)
(D)explainthemeaningofforeignwordsandphrasescommonlyusedinwrittenEnglish(e.g.,
RSVP,queserasera)and
(E)useadictionary,aglossary,orathesaurus(printedorelectronic)todeterminethemeanings,
syllabication,pronunciations,alternatewordchoices,andpartsofspeechofwords.
(3)Reading/ComprehensionofLiteraryText/ThemeandGenre.Studentsanalyze,makeinferencesand
drawconclusionsaboutthemeandgenreindifferentcultural,historical,andcontemporarycontextsand
provideevidencefromthetexttosupporttheirunderstanding.Studentsareexpectedto:

(A)infertheimplicitthemeofaworkoffiction,distinguishingthemefromthetopic
(B)analyzethefunctionofstylisticelements(e.g.,magichelper,ruleofthree)intraditionaland
classicalliteraturefromvariousculturesand
(C)compareandcontrastthehistoricalandculturalsettingsoftwoliteraryworks.
(4)Reading/ComprehensionofLiteraryText/Poetry.Studentsunderstand,makeinferencesanddraw
conclusionsaboutthestructureandelementsofpoetryandprovideevidencefromtexttosupporttheir
understanding.Studentsareexpectedtoexplainhowfigurativelanguage(e.g.,personification,
metaphors,similes,hyperbole)contributestothemeaningofapoem.
(5)Reading/ComprehensionofLiteraryText/Drama.Studentsunderstand,makeinferencesanddraw
conclusionsaboutthestructureandelementsofdramaandprovideevidencefromtexttosupporttheir
understanding.Studentsareexpectedtoexplainthesimilaritiesanddifferencesinthesetting,characters,
andplotofaplayandthoseinafilmbaseduponthesamestoryline.
(6)Reading/ComprehensionofLiteraryText/Fiction.Studentsunderstand,makeinferencesanddraw
conclusionsaboutthestructureandelementsoffictionandprovideevidencefromtexttosupporttheir
understanding.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)summarizetheelementsofplotdevelopment(e.g.,risingaction,turningpoint,climax,
fallingaction,denouement)invariousworksoffiction
(B)recognizedialectandconversationalvoiceandexplainhowauthorsusedialecttoconvey
characterand
(C)describedifferentformsofpointofview,includingfirstandthirdperson.
(7)Reading/ComprehensionofLiteraryText/LiteraryNonfiction.Studentsunderstand,makeinferences
anddrawconclusionsaboutthevariedstructuralpatternsandfeaturesofliterarynonfictionandprovide
evidencefromtexttosupporttheirunderstanding.Studentsareexpectedtoidentifytheliterarylanguage
anddevicesusedinmemoirsandpersonalnarrativesandcomparetheircharacteristicswiththoseofan
autobiography.
(8)Reading/ComprehensionofLiteraryText/SensoryLanguage.Studentsunderstand,makeinferences
anddrawconclusionsabouthowanauthor'ssensorylanguagecreatesimageryinliterarytextandprovide
evidencefromtexttosupporttheirunderstanding.Studentsareexpectedtoexplainhowauthorscreate
meaningthroughstylisticelementsandfigurativelanguageemphasizingtheuseofpersonification,
hyperbole,andrefrains.
(9)Reading/ComprehensionofInformationalText/CultureandHistory.Studentsanalyze,make
inferencesanddrawconclusionsabouttheauthor'spurposeincultural,historical,andcontemporary
contextsandprovideevidencefromthetexttosupporttheirunderstanding.Studentsareexpectedto
compareandcontrastthestatedorimpliedpurposesofdifferentauthorswritingonthesametopic.
(10)Reading/ComprehensionofInformationalText/ExpositoryText.Studentsanalyze,makeinferences
anddrawconclusionsaboutexpositorytextandprovideevidencefromtexttosupporttheir
understanding.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)summarizethemainideasandsupportingdetailsintext,demonstratinganunderstandingthat
asummarydoesnotincludeopinions
(B)explainwhetherfactsincludedinanargumentareusedfororagainstanissue

(C)explainhowdifferentorganizationalpatterns(e.g.,propositionandsupport,problemand
solution)developthemainideaandtheauthor'sviewpointand
(D)synthesizeandmakelogicalconnectionsbetweenideaswithinatextandacrosstwoorthree
textsrepresentingsimilarordifferentgenres.
(11)Reading/ComprehensionofInformationalText/PersuasiveText.Studentsanalyze,makeinferences
anddrawconclusionsaboutpersuasivetextandprovideevidencefromtexttosupporttheiranalysis.
Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)compareandcontrastthestructureandviewpointsoftwodifferentauthorswritingforthe
samepurpose,notingthestatedclaimandsupportingevidenceand
(B)identifysimplyfaultyreasoningusedinpersuasivetexts.
(12)Reading/ComprehensionofInformationalText/ProceduralTexts.Studentsunderstandhowtoglean
anduseinformationinproceduraltextsanddocuments.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)followmultitaskedinstructionstocompleteatask,solveaproblem,orperformprocedures
and
(B)interpretfactual,quantitative,ortechnicalinformationpresentedinmaps,charts,
illustrations,graphs,timelines,tables,anddiagrams.
(13)Reading/MediaLiteracy.Studentsusecomprehensionskillstoanalyzehowwords,images,
graphics,andsoundsworktogetherinvariousformstoimpactmeaning.Studentswillcontinuetoapply
earlierstandardswithgreaterdepthinincreasinglymorecomplextexts.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)explainmessagesconveyedinvariousformsofmedia
(B)recognizehowvarioustechniquesinfluenceviewers'emotions
(C)critiquepersuasivetechniques(e.g.,testimonials,bandwagonappeal)usedinmedia
messagesand
(D)analyzevariousdigitalmediavenuesforlevelsofformalityandinformality.
(14)Writing/WritingProcess.Studentsuseelementsofthewritingprocess(planning,drafting,revising,
editing,andpublishing)tocomposetext.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)planafirstdraftbyselectingagenreappropriateforconveyingtheintendedmeaningtoan
audience,determiningappropriatetopicsthrougharangeofstrategies(e.g.,discussion,
backgroundreading,personalinterests,interviews),anddevelopingathesisorcontrollingidea
(B)developdraftsbychoosinganappropriateorganizationalstrategy(e.g.,sequenceofevents,
causeeffect,comparecontrast)andbuildingonideastocreateafocused,organized,andcoherent
pieceofwriting
(C)revisedraftstoclarifymeaning,enhancestyle,includesimpleandcompoundsentences,and
improvetransitionsbyadding,deleting,combining,andrearrangingsentencesorlargerunitsof
textafterrethinkinghowwellquestionsofpurpose,audience,andgenrehavebeenaddressed
(D)editdraftsforgrammar,mechanics,andspellingand
(E)revisefinaldraftinresponsetofeedbackfrompeersandteacherandpublishwrittenworkfor
appropriateaudiences.

(15)Writing/LiteraryTexts.Studentswriteliterarytextstoexpresstheirideasandfeelingsaboutrealor
imaginedpeople,events,andideas.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)writeimaginativestoriesthatinclude:
(i)aclearlydefinedfocus,plot,andpointofview
(ii)aspecific,believablesettingcreatedthroughtheuseofsensorydetailsand
(iii)dialoguethatdevelopsthestoryand
(B)writepoemsusing:
(i)poetictechniques(e.g.,alliteration,onomatopoeia)
(ii)figurativelanguage(e.g.,similes,metaphors)and
(iii)graphicelements(e.g.,capitalletters,linelength).
(16)Writing.Studentswriteabouttheirownexperiences.Studentsareexpectedtowriteapersonal
narrativethathasaclearlydefinedfocusandcommunicatestheimportanceoforreasonsforactions
and/orconsequences.
(17)Writing/ExpositoryandProceduralTexts.Studentswriteexpositoryandproceduralorworkrelated
textstocommunicateideasandinformationtospecificaudiencesforspecificpurposes.Studentsare
expectedto:
(A)createmultiparagraphessaystoconveyinformationaboutatopicthat:
(i)presenteffectiveintroductionsandconcludingparagraphs
(ii)guideandinformthereader'sunderstandingofkeyideasandevidence
(iii)includespecificfacts,details,andexamplesinanappropriatelyorganizedstructure
and
(iv)useavarietyofsentencestructuresandtransitionstolinkparagraphs
(B)writeinformallettersthatconveyideas,includeimportantinformation,demonstrateasense
ofclosure,anduseappropriateconventions(e.g.,date,salutation,closing)
(C)writeresponsestoliteraryorexpositorytextsandprovideevidencefromthetextto
demonstrateunderstandingand
(D)produceamultimediapresentationinvolvingtextandgraphicsusingavailabletechnology.
(18)Writing/PersuasiveTexts.Studentswritepersuasivetextstoinfluencetheattitudesoractionsofa
specificaudienceonspecificissues.Studentsareexpectedtowritepersuasiveessaysforappropriate
audiencesthatestablishapositionandincludesoundreasoning,detailedandrelevantevidence,and
considerationofalternatives.
(19)OralandWrittenConventions/Conventions.Studentsunderstandthefunctionofandusethe
conventionsofacademiclanguagewhenspeakingandwriting.Studentswillcontinuetoapplyearlier
standardswithgreatercomplexity.Studentsareexpectedto:

(A)useandunderstandthefunctionofthefollowingpartsofspeechinthecontextofreading,
writing,andspeaking:
(i)verbs(irregularverbsandactiveandpassivevoice)
(ii)noncountnouns(e.g.,rice,paper)
(iii)predicateadjectives(Sheisintelligent.)andtheircomparativeandsuperlativeforms
(e.g.,many,more,most)
(iv)conjunctiveadverbs(e.g.,consequently,furthermore,indeed)
(v)prepositionsandprepositionalphrasestoconveylocation,time,direction,orto
providedetails
(vi)indefinitepronouns(e.g.,all,both,nothing,anything)
(vii)subordinatingconjunctions(e.g.,while,because,although,if)and
(viii)transitionalwordsandphrasesthatdemonstrateanunderstandingofthefunctionof
thetransitionrelatedtotheorganizationofthewriting(e.g.,onthecontrary,inaddition
to)
(B)differentiatebetweentheactiveandpassivevoiceandknowhowtousethembothand
(C)usecompletesimpleandcompoundsentenceswithcorrectsubjectverbagreement.
(20)OralandWrittenConventions/Handwriting,Capitalization,andPunctuation.Studentswritelegibly
anduseappropriatecapitalizationandpunctuationconventionsintheircompositions.Studentsare
expectedto:
(A)usecapitalizationfor:
(i)abbreviations
(ii)initialsandacronymsand
(iii)organizations
(B)recognizeandusepunctuationmarksincluding:
(i)commasincompoundsentences
(ii)properpunctuationandspacingforquotationsand
(iii)parentheses,brackets,andellipses(toindicateomissionsandinterruptionsor
incompletestatements)and
(C)usepropermechanicsincludingitalicsandunderliningfortitlesofbooks.
(21)OralandWrittenConventions/Spelling.Studentsspellcorrectly.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)differentiatebetweencommonlyconfusedterms(e.g.,its,it'saffect,effect)
(B)usespellingpatternsandrulesandprintandelectronicresourcestodetermineandcheck
correctspellingsand

(C)knowhowtousethespellcheckfunctioninwordprocessingwhileunderstandingits
limitations.
(22)Research/ResearchPlan.Studentsaskopenendedresearchquestionsanddevelopaplanfor
answeringthem.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)brainstorm,consultwithothers,decideuponatopic,andformulateopenendedquestionsto
addressthemajorresearchtopicand
(B)generatearesearchplanforgatheringrelevantinformationaboutthemajorresearchquestion.
(23)Research/GatheringSources.Studentsdetermine,locate,andexplorethefullrangeofrelevant
sourcesaddressingaresearchquestionandsystematicallyrecordtheinformationtheygather.Students
areexpectedto:
(A)followtheresearchplantocollectdatafromarangeofprintandelectronicresources(e.g.,
referencetexts,periodicals,webpages,onlinesources)anddatafromexperts
(B)differentiatebetweenprimaryandsecondarysources
(C)recorddata,utilizingavailabletechnology(e.g.,wordprocessors)inordertoseethe
relationshipsbetweenideas,andconvertgraphic/visualdata(e.g.,charts,diagrams,timelines)
intowrittennotes
(D)identifythesourceofnotes(e.g.,author,title,pagenumber)andrecordbibliographic
informationconcerningthosesourcesaccordingtoastandardformatand
(E)differentiatebetweenparaphrasingandplagiarismandidentifytheimportanceofcitingvalid
andreliablesources.
(24)Research/SynthesizingInformation.Studentsclarifyresearchquestionsandevaluateandsynthesize
collectedinformation.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)refinethemajorresearchquestion,ifnecessary,guidedbytheanswerstoasecondarysetof
questionsand
(B)evaluatetherelevanceandreliabilityofsourcesfortheresearch.
(25)Research/OrganizingandPresentingIdeas.Studentsorganizeandpresenttheirideasand
informationaccordingtothepurposeoftheresearchandtheiraudience.Studentsareexpectedto
synthesizetheresearchintoawrittenoranoralpresentationthat:
(A)compilesimportantinformationfrommultiplesources
(B)developsatopicsentence,summarizesfindings,andusesevidencetosupportconclusions
(C)presentsthefindingsinaconsistentformatand
(D)usesquotationstosupportideasandanappropriateformofdocumentationtoacknowledge
sources(e.g.,bibliography,workscited).
(26)ListeningandSpeaking/Listening.Studentswillusecomprehensionskillstolistenattentivelyto
othersinformalandinformalsettings.Studentswillcontinuetoapplyearlierstandardswithgreater
complexity.Studentsareexpectedto:

(A)listentoandinterpretaspeaker'smessages(bothverbalandnonverbal)andaskquestionsto
clarifythespeaker'spurposeandperspective
(B)followandgiveoralinstructionsthatincludemultipleactionstepsand
(C)paraphrasethemajorideasandsupportingevidenceinformalandinformalpresentations.
(27)ListeningandSpeaking/Speaking.Studentsspeakclearlyandtothepoint,usingtheconventionsof
language.Studentswillcontinuetoapplyearlierstandardswithgreatercomplexity.Studentsareexpected
togiveanorganizedpresentationwithaspecificpointofview,employingeyecontact,speakingrate,
volume,enunciation,naturalgestures,andconventionsoflanguagetocommunicateideaseffectively.
(28)ListeningandSpeaking/Teamwork.Studentsworkproductivelywithothersinteams.Studentswill
continuetoapplyearlierstandardswithgreatercomplexity.Studentsareexpectedtoparticipatein
studentleddiscussionsbyelicitingandconsideringsuggestionsfromothergroupmembersandby
identifyingpointsofagreementanddisagreement.
Source:Theprovisionsofthis110.18adoptedtobeeffectiveSeptember4,2008,33TexReg7162.
110.19.EnglishLanguageArtsandReading,Grade7,BeginningwithSchoolYear20092010.
(a)Introduction.
(1)TheEnglishLanguageArtsandReadingTexasEssentialKnowledgeandSkills(TEKS)are
organizedintothefollowingstrands:Reading,wherestudentsreadandunderstandawidevarietyof
literaryandinformationaltextsWriting,wherestudentscomposeavarietyofwrittentextswithaclear
controllingidea,coherentorganization,andsufficientdetailResearch,wherestudentsareexpectedto
knowhowtolocatearangeofrelevantsourcesandevaluate,synthesize,andpresentideasand
informationListeningandSpeaking,wherestudentslistenandrespondtotheideasofotherswhile
contributingtheirownideasinconversationsandingroupsandOralandWrittenConventions,where
studentslearnhowtousetheoralandwrittenconventionsoftheEnglishlanguageinspeakingand
writing.Thestandardsarecumulativestudentswillcontinuetoaddressearlierstandardsasneededwhile
theyattendtostandardsfortheirgrade.Inseventhgrade,studentswillengageinactivitiesthatbuildon
theirpriorknowledgeandskillsinordertostrengthentheirreading,writing,andorallanguageskills.
Studentsshouldreadandwriteonadailybasis.
(2)ForstudentswhosefirstlanguageisnotEnglish,thestudents'nativelanguageservesasafoundation
forEnglishlanguageacquisition.
(A)Englishlanguagelearners(ELLs)areacquiringEnglish,learningcontentinEnglish,and
learningtoreadsimultaneously.Forthisreason,itisimperativethatreadinginstructionshouldbe
comprehensiveandthatstudentsreceiveinstructioninphonemicawareness,phonics,decoding,
andwordattackskillswhilesimultaneouslybeingtaughtacademicvocabularyand
comprehensionskillsandstrategies.ReadinginstructionthatenhancesELL'sabilitytodecode
unfamiliarwordsandtomakesenseofthosewordsincontextwillexpeditetheirabilitytomake
senseofwhattheyreadandlearnfromreading.Additionally,developingfluency,spelling,and
grammaticalconventionsofacademiclanguagemustbedoneinmeaningfulcontextsandnotin
isolation.
(B)ForELLs,comprehensionoftextsrequiresadditionalscaffoldstosupportcomprehensible
input.ELLstudentsshouldusetheknowledgeoftheirfirstlanguage(e.g.,cognates)tofurther
vocabularydevelopment.Vocabularyneedstobetaughtinthecontextofconnecteddiscourseso
thatlanguageismeaningful.ELLsmustlearnhowrhetoricaldevicesinEnglishdifferfromthose

intheirnativelanguage.AtthesametimeEnglishlearnersarelearninginEnglish,thefocusison
academicEnglish,concepts,andthelanguagestructuresspecifictothecontent.
(C)DuringinitialstagesofEnglishdevelopment,ELLsareexpectedtomeetstandardsina
secondlanguagethatmanymonolingualEnglishspeakersfinddifficulttomeetintheirnative
language.However,Englishlanguagelearners'abilitiestomeetthesestandardswillbeinfluenced
bytheirproficiencyinEnglish.WhileEnglishlanguagelearnerscananalyze,synthesize,and
evaluate,theirlevelofEnglishproficiencymayimpedetheirabilitytodemonstratethis
knowledgeduringtheinitialstagesofEnglishlanguageacquisition.Itisalsocriticalto
understandthatELLswithnopreviousorwithinterruptedschoolingwillrequireexplicitand
strategicsupportastheyacquireEnglishandlearntolearninEnglishsimultaneously.
(3)TomeetPublicEducationGoal1oftheTexasEducationCode,4.002,whichstates,"Thestudents
inthepubliceducationsystemwilldemonstrateexemplaryperformanceinthereadingandwritingofthe
Englishlanguage,"studentswillaccomplishtheessentialknowledge,skills,andstudentexpectationsat
Grade7asdescribedinsubsection(b)ofthissection.
(4)TomeetTexasEducationCode,28.002(h),whichstates,"...eachschooldistrictshallfosterthe
continuationofthetraditionofteachingUnitedStatesandTexashistoryandthefreeenterprisesystemin
regularsubjectmatterandinreadingcoursesandintheadoptionoftextbooks,"studentswillbeprovided
oralandwrittennarrativesaswellasotherinformationaltextsthatcanhelpthemtobecomethoughtful,
activecitizenswhoappreciatethebasicdemocraticvaluesofourstateandnation.
(b)Knowledgeandskills.
(1)Reading/Fluency.Studentsreadgradeleveltextwithfluencyandcomprehension.Studentsare
expectedtoadjustfluencywhenreadingaloudgradeleveltextbasedonthereadingpurposeandthe
natureofthetext.
(2)Reading/VocabularyDevelopment.Studentsunderstandnewvocabularyanduseitwhenreadingand
writing.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)determinethemeaningofgradelevelacademicEnglishwordsderivedfromLatin,Greek,or
otherlinguisticrootsandaffixes
(B)usecontext(withinasentenceandinlargersectionsoftext)todetermineorclarifythe
meaningofunfamiliarorambiguouswords
(C)completeanalogiesthatdescribeparttowholeorwholetopart
(D)identifythemeaningofforeignwordscommonlyusedinwrittenEnglishwithemphasison
LatinandGreekwords(e.g.,habeuscorpus,epluribusunum,bonafide,nemesis)and
(E)useadictionary,aglossary,orathesaurus(printedorelectronic)todeterminethemeanings,
syllabication,pronunciations,alternatewordchoices,andpartsofspeechofwords.
(3)Reading/ComprehensionofLiteraryText/ThemeandGenre.Studentsanalyze,makeinferencesand
drawconclusionsaboutthemeandgenreindifferentcultural,historical,andcontemporarycontextsand
provideevidencefromthetexttosupporttheirunderstanding.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)describemultiplethemesinaworkoffiction
(B)describeconventionsinmythsandepictales(e.g.,extendedsimile,thequest,thehero's
tasks,circlestories)and
(C)analyzehowplaceandtimeinfluencethethemeormessageofaliterarywork.

(4)Reading/ComprehensionofLiteraryText/Poetry.Studentsunderstand,makeinferencesanddraw
conclusionsaboutthestructureandelementsofpoetryandprovideevidencefromtexttosupporttheir
understanding.Studentsareexpectedtoanalyzetheimportanceofgraphicalelements(e.g.,capital
letters,linelength,wordposition)onthemeaningofapoem.
(5)Reading/ComprehensionofLiteraryText/Drama.Studentsunderstand,makeinferencesanddraw
conclusionsaboutthestructureandelementsofdramaandprovideevidencefromtexttosupporttheir
understanding.Studentsareexpectedtoexplainaplaywright'suseofdialogueandstagedirections.
(6)Reading/ComprehensionofLiteraryText/Fiction.Studentsunderstand,makeinferencesanddraw
conclusionsaboutthestructureandelementsoffictionandprovideevidencefromtexttosupporttheir
understanding.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)explaintheinfluenceofthesettingonplotdevelopment
(B)analyzethedevelopmentoftheplotthroughtheinternalandexternalresponsesofthe
characters,includingtheirmotivationsandconflictsand
(C)analyzedifferentformsofpointofview,includingfirstperson,thirdpersonomniscient,and
thirdpersonlimited.
(7)Reading/ComprehensionofLiteraryText/LiteraryNonfiction.Studentsunderstand,makeinferences
anddrawconclusionsaboutthevariedstructuralpatternsandfeaturesofliterarynonfictionandprovide
evidencefromtexttosupporttheirunderstanding.Studentsareexpectedtodescribethestructuraland
substantivedifferencesbetweenanautobiographyoradiaryandafictionaladaptationofit.
(8)Reading/ComprehensionofLiteraryText/SensoryLanguage.Studentsunderstand,makeinferences
anddrawconclusionsabouthowanauthor'ssensorylanguagecreatesimageryinliterarytextandprovide
evidencefromtexttosupporttheirunderstanding.Studentsareexpectedtodeterminethefigurative
meaningofphrasesandanalyzehowanauthor'suseoflanguagecreatesimagery,appealstothesenses,
andsuggestsmood.
(9)Reading/ComprehensionofInformationalText/CultureandHistory.Studentsanalyze,make
inferencesanddrawconclusionsabouttheauthor'spurposeincultural,historical,andcontemporary
contextsandprovideevidencefromthetexttosupporttheirunderstanding.Studentsareexpectedto
explainthedifferencebetweenthethemeofaliteraryworkandtheauthor'spurposeinanexpositorytext.
(10)Reading/ComprehensionofInformationalText/ExpositoryText.Studentsanalyze,makeinferences
anddrawconclusionsaboutexpositorytextandprovideevidencefromtexttosupporttheir
understanding.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)evaluateasummaryoftheoriginaltextforaccuracyofthemainideas,supportingdetails,
andoverallmeaning
(B)distinguishfactualclaimsfromcommonplaceassertionsandopinions
(C)usedifferentorganizationalpatternsasguidesforsummarizingandforminganoverviewof
differentkindsofexpositorytextand
(D)synthesizeandmakelogicalconnectionsbetweenideaswithinatextandacrosstwoorthree
textsrepresentingsimilarordifferentgenres,andsupportthosefindingswithtextualevidence.
(11)Reading/ComprehensionofInformationalText/PersuasiveText.Studentsanalyze,makeinferences
anddrawconclusionsaboutpersuasivetextandprovideevidencefromtexttosupporttheiranalysis.
Studentsareexpectedto:

(A)analyzethestructureofthecentralargumentincontemporarypolicyspeeches(e.g.,argument
bycauseandeffect,analogy,authority)andidentifythedifferenttypesofevidenceusedto
supporttheargumentand
(B)identifysuchrhetoricalfallaciesasadhominem,exaggeration,stereotyping,orcategorical
claimsinpersuasivetexts.
(12)Reading/ComprehensionofInformationalText/ProceduralTexts.Studentsunderstandhowtoglean
anduseinformationinproceduraltextsanddocuments.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)followmultidimensionalinstructionsfromtexttocompleteatask,solveaproblem,or
performproceduresand
(B)explainthefunctionofthegraphicalcomponentsofatext.
(13)Reading/MediaLiteracy.Studentsusecomprehensionskillstoanalyzehowwords,images,
graphics,andsoundsworktogetherinvariousformstoimpactmeaning.Studentswillcontinuetoapply
earlierstandardswithgreaterdepthinincreasinglymorecomplextexts.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)interpretbothexplicitandimplicitmessagesinvariousformsofmedia
(B)interprethowvisualandsoundtechniques(e.g.,specialeffects,cameraangles,lighting,
music)influencethemessage
(C)evaluatevariouswaysmediainfluencesandinformsaudiencesand
(D)assessthecorrectlevelofformalityandtoneforsuccessfulparticipationinvariousdigital
media.
(14)Writing/WritingProcess.Studentsuseelementsofthewritingprocess(planning,drafting,revising,
editing,andpublishing)tocomposetext.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)planafirstdraftbyselectingagenreappropriateforconveyingtheintendedmeaningtoan
audience,determiningappropriatetopicsthrougharangeofstrategies(e.g.,discussion,
backgroundreading,personalinterests,interviews),anddevelopingathesisorcontrollingidea
(B)developdraftsbychoosinganappropriateorganizationalstrategy(e.g.,sequenceofevents,
causeeffect,comparecontrast)andbuildingonideastocreateafocused,organized,andcoherent
pieceofwriting
(C)revisedraftstoensureprecisewordchoiceandvividimagesconsistentpointofviewuseof
simple,compound,andcomplexsentencesinternalandexternalcoherenceandtheuseof
effectivetransitionsafterrethinkinghowwellquestionsofpurpose,audience,andgenrehave
beenaddressed
(D)editdraftsforgrammar,mechanics,andspellingand
(E)revisefinaldraftinresponsetofeedbackfrompeersandteacherandpublishwrittenworkfor
appropriateaudiences.
(15)Writing/LiteraryTexts.Studentswriteliterarytextstoexpresstheirideasandfeelingsaboutrealor
imaginedpeople,events,andideas.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)writeanimaginativestorythat:
(i)sustainsreaderinterest

(ii)includeswellpacedactionandanengagingstoryline
(iii)createsaspecific,believablesettingthroughtheuseofsensorydetails
(iv)developsinterestingcharactersand
(v)usesarangeofliterarystrategiesanddevicestoenhancethestyleandtoneand
(B)writeapoemusing:
(i)poetictechniques(e.g.,rhymescheme,meter)
(ii)figurativelanguage(e.g.,personification,idioms,hyperbole)and
(iii)graphicelements(e.g.,wordposition).
(16)Writing.Studentswriteabouttheirownexperiences.Studentsareexpectedtowriteapersonal
narrativethathasaclearlydefinedfocusandcommunicatestheimportanceoforreasonsforactions
and/orconsequences.
(17)Writing/ExpositoryandProceduralTexts.Studentswriteexpositoryandproceduralorworkrelated
textstocommunicateideasandinformationtospecificaudiencesforspecificpurposes.Studentsare
expectedto:
(A)writeamultiparagraphessaytoconveyinformationaboutatopicthat:
(i)presentseffectiveintroductionsandconcludingparagraphs
(ii)containsaclearlystatedpurposeorcontrollingidea
(iii)islogicallyorganizedwithappropriatefactsanddetailsandincludesnoextraneous
informationorinconsistencies
(iv)accuratelysynthesizesideasfromseveralsourcesand
(v)usesavarietyofsentencestructures,rhetoricaldevices,andtransitionstolink
paragraphs
(B)writealetterthatreflectsanopinion,registersacomplaint,orrequestsinformationina
businessorfriendlycontext
(C)writeresponsestoliteraryorexpositorytextsthatdemonstratethewritingskillsformulti
paragraphessaysandprovidesustainedevidencefromthetextusingquotationswhenappropriate
and
(D)produceamultimediapresentationinvolvingtextandgraphicsusingavailabletechnology.
(18)Writing/PersuasiveTexts.Studentswritepersuasivetextstoinfluencetheattitudesoractionsofa
specificaudienceonspecificissues.Studentsareexpectedtowriteapersuasiveessaytotheappropriate
audiencethat:
(A)establishesaclearthesisorposition
(B)considersandrespondstotheviewsofothersandanticipatesandanswersreaderconcerns
andcounterargumentsand

(C)includesevidencethatislogicallyorganizedtosupporttheauthor'sviewpointandthat
differentiatesbetweenfactandopinion.
(19)OralandWrittenConventions/Conventions.Studentsunderstandthefunctionofandusethe
conventionsofacademiclanguagewhenspeakingandwriting.Studentswillcontinuetoapplyearlier
standardswithgreatercomplexity.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)identify,use,andunderstandthefunctionofthefollowingpartsofspeechinthecontextof
reading,writing,andspeaking:
(i)verbs(perfectandprogressivetenses)andparticiples
(ii)appositivephrases
(iii)adverbialandadjectivalphrasesandclauses
(iv)conjunctiveadverbs(e.g.,consequently,furthermore,indeed)
(v)prepositionsandprepositionalphrasesandtheirinfluenceonsubjectverbagreement
(vi)relativepronouns(e.g.,whose,that,which)
(vii)subordinatingconjunctions(e.g.,because,since)and
(viii)transitionsforsentencetosentenceorparagraphtoparagraphcoherence
(B)writecomplexsentencesanddifferentiatebetweenmainversussubordinateclausesand
(C)useavarietyofcompletesentences(e.g.,simple,compound,complex)thatincludeproperly
placedmodifiers,correctlyidentifiedantecedents,parallelstructures,andconsistenttenses.
(20)OralandWrittenConventions/Handwriting,Capitalization,andPunctuation.Studentswritelegibly
anduseappropriatecapitalizationandpunctuationconventionsintheircompositions.Studentsare
expectedto:
(A)useconventionsofcapitalizationand
(B)recognizeandusepunctuationmarksincluding:
(i)commasafterintroductorywords,phrases,andclausesand
(ii)semicolons,colons,andhyphens.
(21)OralandWrittenConventions/Spelling.Studentsspellcorrectly.Studentsareexpectedtospell
correctly,includingusingvariousresourcestodetermineandcheckcorrectspellings.
(22)Research/ResearchPlan.Studentsaskopenendedresearchquestionsanddevelopaplanfor
answeringthem.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)brainstorm,consultwithothers,decideuponatopic,andformulateamajorresearchquestion
toaddressthemajorresearchtopicand
(B)applystepsforobtainingandevaluatinginformationfromawidevarietyofsourcesand
createawrittenplanafterpreliminaryresearchinreferenceworksandadditionaltextsearches.

(23)Research/GatheringSources.Studentsdetermine,locate,andexplorethefullrangeofrelevant
sourcesaddressingaresearchquestionandsystematicallyrecordtheinformationtheygather.Students
areexpectedto:
(A)followtheresearchplantogatherinformationfromarangeofrelevantprintandelectronic
sourcesusingadvancedsearchstrategies
(B)categorizeinformationthematicallyinordertoseethelargerconstructsinherentinthe
information
(C)recordbibliographicinformation(e.g.,author,title,pagenumber)forallnotesandsources
accordingtoastandardformatand
(D)differentiatebetweenparaphrasingandplagiarismandidentifytheimportanceofcitingvalid
andreliablesources.
(24)Research/SynthesizingInformation.Studentsclarifyresearchquestionsandevaluateandsynthesize
collectedinformation.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)narroworbroadenthemajorresearchquestion,ifnecessary,basedonfurtherresearchand
investigationand
(B)utilizeelementsthatdemonstratethereliabilityandvalidityofthesourcesused(e.g.,
publicationdate,coverage,language,pointofview)andexplainwhyonesourceismoreuseful
thananother.
(25)Research/OrganizingandPresentingIdeas.Studentsorganizeandpresenttheirideasand
informationaccordingtothepurposeoftheresearchandtheiraudience.Studentsareexpectedto
synthesizetheresearchintoawrittenoranoralpresentationthat:
(A)drawsconclusionsandsummarizesorparaphrasesthefindingsinasystematicway
(B)marshalsevidencetoexplainthetopicandgivesrelevantreasonsforconclusions
(C)presentsthefindingsinameaningfulformatand
(D)followsacceptedformatsforintegratingquotationsandcitationsintothewrittentextto
maintainaflowofideas.
(26)ListeningandSpeaking/Listening.Studentswillusecomprehensionskillstolistenattentivelyto
othersinformalandinformalsettings.Studentswillcontinuetoapplyearlierstandardswithgreater
complexity.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)listentoandinterpretaspeaker'spurposebyexplainingthecontent,evaluatingthedelivery
ofthepresentation,andaskingquestionsormakingcommentsabouttheevidencethatsupportsa
speaker'sclaims
(B)followandgivecomplexoralinstructionstoperformspecifictasks,answerquestions,or
solveproblemsand
(C)drawconclusionsaboutthespeaker'smessagebyconsideringverbalcommunication(e.g.,
wordchoice,tone)andnonverbalcues(e.g.,posture,gestures,facialexpressions).
(27)ListeningandSpeaking/Speaking.Studentsspeakclearlyandtothepoint,usingtheconventionsof
language.Studentswillcontinuetoapplyearlierstandardswithgreatercomplexity.Studentsareexpected
topresentacritiqueofaliterarywork,film,ordramaticproduction,employingeyecontact,speaking

rate,volume,enunciation,avarietyofnaturalgestures,andconventionsoflanguagetocommunicate
ideaseffectively.
(28)ListeningandSpeaking/Teamwork.Studentsworkproductivelywithothersinteams.Studentswill
continuetoapplyearlierstandardswithgreatercomplexity.Studentsareexpectedtoparticipate
productivelyindiscussions,planagendaswithcleargoalsanddeadlines,settimelimitsforspeakers,take
notes,andvoteonkeyissues.
Source:Theprovisionsofthis110.19adoptedtobeeffectiveSeptember4,2008,33TexReg7162.
110.20.EnglishLanguageArtsandReading,Grade8,BeginningwithSchoolYear20092010.
(a)Introduction.
(1)TheEnglishLanguageArtsandReadingTexasEssentialKnowledgeandSkills(TEKS)are
organizedintothefollowingstrands:Reading,wherestudentsreadandunderstandawidevarietyof
literaryandinformationaltextsWriting,wherestudentscomposeavarietyofwrittentextswithaclear
controllingidea,coherentorganization,andsufficientdetailResearch,wherestudentsareexpectedto
knowhowtolocatearangeofrelevantsourcesandevaluate,synthesize,andpresentideasand
informationListeningandSpeaking,wherestudentslistenandrespondtotheideasofotherswhile
contributingtheirownideasinconversationsandingroupsandOralandWrittenConventions,where
studentslearnhowtousetheoralandwrittenconventionsoftheEnglishlanguageinspeakingand
writing.Thestandardsarecumulativestudentswillcontinuetoaddressearlierstandardsasneededwhile
theyattendtostandardsfortheirgrade.Ineighthgrade,studentswillengageinactivitiesthatbuildon
theirpriorknowledgeandskillsinordertostrengthentheirreading,writing,andorallanguageskills.
Studentsshouldreadandwriteonadailybasis.
(2)ForstudentswhosefirstlanguageisnotEnglish,thestudents'nativelanguageservesasafoundation
forEnglishlanguageacquisition.
(A)Englishlanguagelearners(ELLs)areacquiringEnglish,learningcontentinEnglish,and
learningtoreadsimultaneously.Forthisreason,itisimperativethatreadinginstructionshouldbe
comprehensiveandthatstudentsreceiveinstructioninphonemicawareness,phonics,decoding,
andwordattackskillswhilesimultaneouslybeingtaughtacademicvocabularyand
comprehensionskillsandstrategies.ReadinginstructionthatenhancesELL'sabilitytodecode
unfamiliarwordsandtomakesenseofthosewordsincontextwillexpeditetheirabilitytomake
senseofwhattheyreadandlearnfromreading.Additionally,developingfluency,spelling,and
grammaticalconventionsofacademiclanguagemustbedoneinmeaningfulcontextsandnotin
isolation.
(B)ForELLs,comprehensionoftextsrequiresadditionalscaffoldstosupportcomprehensible
input.ELLstudentsshouldusetheknowledgeoftheirfirstlanguage(e.g.,cognates)tofurther
vocabularydevelopment.Vocabularyneedstobetaughtinthecontextofconnecteddiscourseso
thatlanguageismeaningful.ELLsmustlearnhowrhetoricaldevicesinEnglishdifferfromthose
intheirnativelanguage.AtthesametimeEnglishlearnersarelearninginEnglish,thefocusison
academicEnglish,concepts,andthelanguagestructuresspecifictothecontent.
(C)DuringinitialstagesofEnglishdevelopment,ELLsareexpectedtomeetstandardsina
secondlanguagethatmanymonolingualEnglishspeakersfinddifficulttomeetintheirnative
language.However,Englishlanguagelearners'abilitiestomeetthesestandardswillbeinfluenced
bytheirproficiencyinEnglish.WhileEnglishlanguagelearnerscananalyze,synthesize,and
evaluate,theirlevelofEnglishproficiencymayimpedetheirabilitytodemonstratethis
knowledgeduringtheinitialstagesofEnglishlanguageacquisition.Itisalsocriticalto

understandthatELLswithnopreviousorwithinterruptedschoolingwillrequireexplicitand
strategicsupportastheyacquireEnglishandlearntolearninEnglishsimultaneously.
(3)TomeetPublicEducationGoal1oftheTexasEducationCode,4.002,whichstates,"Thestudents
inthepubliceducationsystemwilldemonstrateexemplaryperformanceinthereadingandwritingofthe
Englishlanguage,"studentswillaccomplishtheessentialknowledge,skills,andstudentexpectationsat
Grade8asdescribedinsubsection(b)ofthissection.
(4)TomeetTexasEducationCode,28.002(h),whichstates,"...eachschooldistrictshallfosterthe
continuationofthetraditionofteachingUnitedStatesandTexashistoryandthefreeenterprisesystemin
regularsubjectmatterandinreadingcoursesandintheadoptionoftextbooks,"studentswillbeprovided
oralandwrittennarrativesaswellasotherinformationaltextsthatcanhelpthemtobecomethoughtful,
activecitizenswhoappreciatethebasicdemocraticvaluesofourstateandnation.
(b)Knowledgeandskills.
(1)Reading/Fluency.Studentsreadgradeleveltextwithfluencyandcomprehension.Studentsare
expectedtoadjustfluencywhenreadingaloudgradeleveltextbasedonthereadingpurposeandthe
natureofthetext.
(2)Reading/VocabularyDevelopment.Studentsunderstandnewvocabularyanduseitwhenreadingand
writing.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)determinethemeaningofgradelevelacademicEnglishwordsderivedfromLatin,Greek,or
otherlinguisticrootsandaffixes
(B)usecontext(withinasentenceandinlargersectionsoftext)todetermineorclarifythe
meaningofunfamiliarorambiguouswordsorwordswithnovelmeanings
(C)completeanalogiesthatdescribeafunctionoritsdescription(e.g.,pen:paperaschalk:
______orsoft:kittenashard:______)
(D)identifycommonwordsorwordpartsfromotherlanguagesthatareusedinwrittenEnglish
(e.g.,phenomenon,charisma,chorus,pass,flora,fauna)and
(E)useadictionary,aglossary,orathesaurus(printedorelectronic)todeterminethemeanings,
syllabication,pronunciations,alternatewordchoices,andpartsofspeechofwords.
(3)ComprehensionofLiteraryText/ThemeandGenre.Studentsanalyze,makeinferencesanddraw
conclusionsaboutthemeandgenreindifferentcultural,historical,andcontemporarycontextsand
provideevidencefromthetexttosupporttheirunderstanding.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)analyzeliteraryworksthatsharesimilarthemesacrosscultures
(B)compareandcontrastthesimilaritiesanddifferencesinmythologiesfromvariouscultures
(e.g.,ideasofafterlife,rolesandcharacteristicsofdeities,purposesofmyths)and
(C)explainhowthevaluesandbeliefsofparticularcharactersareaffectedbythehistoricaland
culturalsettingoftheliterarywork.
(4)ComprehensionofLiteraryText/Poetry.Studentsunderstand,makeinferencesanddrawconclusions
aboutthestructureandelementsofpoetryandprovideevidencefromtexttosupporttheirunderstanding.
Studentsareexpectedtocompareandcontrasttherelationshipbetweenthepurposeandcharacteristicsof
differentpoeticforms(e.g.,epicpoetry,lyricpoetry).

(5)ComprehensionofLiteraryText/Drama.Studentsunderstand,makeinferencesanddrawconclusions
aboutthestructureandelementsofdramaandprovideevidencefromtexttosupporttheirunderstanding.
Studentsareexpectedtoanalyzehowdifferentplaywrightscharacterizetheirprotagonistsand
antagoniststhroughthedialogueandstagingoftheirplays.
(6)ComprehensionofLiteraryText/Fiction.Studentsunderstand,makeinferencesanddrawconclusions
aboutthestructureandelementsoffictionandprovideevidencefromtexttosupporttheirunderstanding.
Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)analyzelinearplotdevelopments(e.g.,conflict,risingaction,fallingaction,resolution,
subplots)todeterminewhetherandhowconflictsareresolved
(B)analyzehowthecentralcharacters'qualitiesinfluencethethemeofafictionalworkand
resolutionofthecentralconflictand
(C)analyzedifferentformsofpointofview,includinglimitedversusomniscient,subjective
versusobjective.
(7)ComprehensionofLiteraryText/LiteraryNonfiction.Studentsunderstand,makeinferencesanddraw
conclusionsaboutthevariedstructuralpatternsandfeaturesofliterarynonfictionandprovideevidence
fromtexttosupporttheirunderstanding.Studentsareexpectedtoanalyzepassagesinwellknown
speechesfortheauthor'suseofliterarydevicesandwordandphrasechoice(e.g.,aphorisms,epigraphs)
toappealtotheaudience.
(8)ComprehensionofLiteraryText/SensoryLanguage.Studentsunderstand,makeinferencesanddraw
conclusionsabouthowanauthor'ssensorylanguagecreatesimageryinliterarytextandprovideevidence
fromtexttosupporttheirunderstanding.Studentsareexpectedtoexplaintheeffectofsimilesand
extendedmetaphorsinliterarytext.
(9)ComprehensionofInformationalText/CultureandHistory.Studentsanalyze,makeinferencesand
drawconclusionsabouttheauthor'spurposeincultural,historical,andcontemporarycontextsand
provideevidencefromthetexttosupporttheirunderstanding.Studentsareexpectedtoanalyzeworks
writtenonthesametopicandcomparehowtheauthorsachievedsimilarordifferentpurposes.
(10)ComprehensionofInformationalText/ExpositoryText.Studentsanalyze,makeinferencesanddraw
conclusionsaboutexpositorytextandprovideevidencefromtexttosupporttheirunderstanding.
Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)summarizethemainideas,supportingdetails,andrelationshipsamongideasintext
succinctlyinwaysthatmaintainmeaningandlogicalorder
(B)distinguishfactualclaimsfromcommonplaceassertionsandopinionsandevaluateinferences
fromtheirlogicintext
(C)makesubtleinferencesanddrawcomplexconclusionsabouttheideasintextandtheir
organizationalpatternsand
(D)synthesizeandmakelogicalconnectionsbetweenideaswithinatextandacrosstwoorthree
textsrepresentingsimilarordifferentgenresandsupportthosefindingswithtextualevidence.
(11)ComprehensionofInformationalText/PersuasiveText.Studentsanalyze,makeinferencesanddraw
conclusionsaboutpersuasivetextandprovideevidencefromtexttosupporttheiranalysis.Studentsare
expectedto:
(A)compareandcontrastpersuasivetextsthatreacheddifferentconclusionsaboutthesameissue
andexplainhowtheauthorsreachedtheirconclusionsthroughanalyzingtheevidenceeach

presentsand
(B)analyzetheuseofsuchrhetoricalandlogicalfallaciesasloadedterms,caricatures,leading
questions,falseassumptions,andincorrectpremisesinpersuasivetexts.
(12)ComprehensionofInformationalText/ProceduralTexts.Studentsunderstandhowtogleananduse
informationinproceduraltextsanddocuments.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)analyzetextformissingorextraneousinformationinmultistepdirectionsorlegendsfor
diagramsand
(B)evaluategraphicsfortheirclarityincommunicatingmeaningorachievingaspecificpurpose.
(13)Reading/MediaLiteracy.Studentsusecomprehensionskillstoanalyzehowwords,images,
graphics,andsoundsworktogetherinvariousformstoimpactmeaning.Studentswillcontinuetoapply
earlierstandardswithgreaterdepthinincreasinglymorecomplextexts.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)evaluatetheroleofmediainfocusingattentiononeventsandinformingopiniononissues
(B)interprethowvisualandsoundtechniques(e.g.,specialeffects,cameraangles,lighting,
music)influencethemessage
(C)evaluatevarioustechniquesusedtocreateapointofviewinmediaandtheimpacton
audienceand
(D)assessthecorrectlevelofformalityandtoneforsuccessfulparticipationinvariousdigital
media.
(14)Writing/WritingProcess.Studentsuseelementsofthewritingprocess(planning,drafting,revising,
editing,andpublishing)tocomposetext.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)planafirstdraftbyselectingagenreappropriateforconveyingtheintendedmeaningtoan
audience,determiningappropriatetopicsthrougharangeofstrategies(e.g.,discussion,
backgroundreading,personalinterests,interviews),anddevelopingathesisorcontrollingidea
(B)developdraftsbychoosinganappropriateorganizationalstrategy(e.g.,sequenceofevents,
causeeffect,comparecontrast)andbuildingonideastocreateafocused,organized,andcoherent
pieceofwriting
(C)revisedraftstoensureprecisewordchoiceandvividimagesconsistentpointofviewuseof
simple,compound,andcomplexsentencesinternalandexternalcoherenceandtheuseof
effectivetransitionsafterrethinkinghowwellquestionsofpurpose,audience,andgenrehave
beenaddressed
(D)editdraftsforgrammar,mechanics,andspellingand
(E)revisefinaldraftinresponsetofeedbackfrompeersandteacherandpublishwrittenworkfor
appropriateaudiences.
(15)Writing/LiteraryTexts.Studentswriteliterarytextstoexpresstheirideasandfeelingsaboutrealor
imaginedpeople,events,andideas.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)writeanimaginativestorythat:
(i)sustainsreaderinterest

(ii)includeswellpacedactionandanengagingstoryline
(iii)createsaspecific,believablesettingthroughtheuseofsensorydetails
(iv)developsinterestingcharactersand
(v)usesarangeofliterarystrategiesanddevicestoenhancethestyleandtoneand
(B)writeapoemusing:
(i)poetictechniques(e.g.,rhymescheme,meter)
(ii)figurativelanguage(e.g.,personification,idioms,hyperbole)and
(iii)graphicelements(e.g.,wordposition).
(16)Writing.Studentswriteabouttheirownexperiences.Studentsareexpectedtowriteapersonal
narrativethathasaclearlydefinedfocusandincludesreflectionsondecisions,actions,and/or
consequences.
(17)Writing/ExpositoryandProceduralTexts.Studentswriteexpositoryandproceduralorworkrelated
textstocommunicateideasandinformationtospecificaudiencesforspecificpurposes.Studentsare
expectedto:
(A)writeamultiparagraphessaytoconveyinformationaboutatopicthat:
(i)presentseffectiveintroductionsandconcludingparagraphs
(ii)containsaclearlystatedpurposeorcontrollingidea
(iii)islogicallyorganizedwithappropriatefactsanddetailsandincludesnoextraneous
informationorinconsistencies
(iv)accuratelysynthesizesideasfromseveralsourcesand
(v)usesavarietyofsentencestructures,rhetoricaldevices,andtransitionstolink
paragraphs
(B)writealetterthatreflectsanopinion,registersacomplaint,orrequestsinformationina
businessorfriendlycontext
(C)writeresponsestoliteraryorexpositorytextsthatdemonstratetheuseofwritingskillsfora
multiparagraphessayandprovidesustainedevidencefromthetextusingquotationswhen
appropriateand
(D)produceamultimediapresentationinvolvingtext,graphics,images,andsoundusing
availabletechnology.
(18)Writing/PersuasiveTexts.Studentswritepersuasivetextstoinfluencetheattitudesoractionsofa
specificaudienceonspecificissues.Studentsareexpectedtowriteapersuasiveessaytotheappropriate
audiencethat:
(A)establishesaclearthesisorposition
(B)considersandrespondstotheviewsofothersandanticipatesandanswersreaderconcerns
andcounterargumentsand

(C)includesevidencethatislogicallyorganizedtosupporttheauthor'sviewpointandthat
differentiatesbetweenfactandopinion.
(19)OralandWrittenConventions/Conventions.Studentsunderstandthefunctionofandusethe
conventionsofacademiclanguagewhenspeakingandwriting.Studentswillcontinuetoapplyearlier
standardswithgreatercomplexity.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)useandunderstandthefunctionofthefollowingpartsofspeechinthecontextofreading,
writing,andspeaking:
(i)verbs(perfectandprogressivetenses)andparticiples
(ii)appositivephrases
(iii)adverbialandadjectivalphrasesandclauses
(iv)relativepronouns(e.g.,whose,that,which)and
(v)subordinatingconjunctions(e.g.,because,since)
(B)writecomplexsentencesanddifferentiatebetweenmainversussubordinateclausesand
(C)useavarietyofcompletesentences(e.g.,simple,compound,complex)thatincludeproperly
placedmodifiers,correctlyidentifiedantecedents,parallelstructures,andconsistenttenses.
(20)Writing/ConventionsofLanguage/Handwriting.Studentswritelegiblyanduseappropriate
capitalizationandpunctuationconventionsintheircompositions.Studentswillcontinuetoapplyearlier
standardswithgreatercomplexity.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)useconventionsofcapitalizationand
(B)usecorrectpunctuationmarks,including:
(i)commasafterintroductorystructuresanddependentadverbialclauses,andcorrect
punctuationofcomplexsentencesand
(ii)semicolons,colons,hyphens,parentheses,brackets,andellipses.
(21)OralandWrittenConventions/Spelling.Studentsspellcorrectly.Studentsareexpectedtospell
correctly,includingusingvariousresourcestodetermineandcheckcorrectspellings.
(22)Research/ResearchPlan.Studentsaskopenendedresearchquestionsanddevelopaplanfor
answeringthem.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)brainstorm,consultwithothers,decideuponatopic,andformulateamajorresearchquestion
toaddressthemajorresearchtopicand
(B)applystepsforobtainingandevaluatinginformationfromawidevarietyofsourcesand
createawrittenplanafterpreliminaryresearchinreferenceworksandadditionaltextsearches.
(23)Research/GatheringSources.Studentsdetermine,locate,andexplorethefullrangeofrelevant
sourcesaddressingaresearchquestionandsystematicallyrecordtheinformationtheygather.Students
areexpectedto:
(A)followtheresearchplantogatherinformationfromarangeofrelevantprintandelectronic
sourcesusingadvancedsearchstrategies

(B)categorizeinformationthematicallyinordertoseethelargerconstructsinherentinthe
information
(C)recordbibliographicinformation(e.g.,author,title,pagenumber)forallnotesandsources
accordingtoastandardformatand
(D)differentiatebetweenparaphrasingandplagiarismandidentifytheimportanceofusingvalid
andreliablesources.
(24)Research/SynthesizingInformation.Studentsclarifyresearchquestionsandevaluateandsynthesize
collectedinformation.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)narroworbroadenthemajorresearchquestion,ifnecessary,basedonfurtherresearchand
investigationand
(B)utilizeelementsthatdemonstratethereliabilityandvalidityofthesourcesused(e.g.,
publicationdate,coverage,language,pointofview)andexplainwhyonesourceismoreuseful
andrelevantthananother.
(25)Research/OrganizingandPresentingIdeas.Studentsorganizeandpresenttheirideasand
informationaccordingtothepurposeoftheresearchandtheiraudience.Studentsareexpectedto
synthesizetheresearchintoawrittenoranoralpresentationthat:
(A)drawsconclusionsandsummarizesorparaphrasesthefindingsinasystematicway
(B)marshalsevidencetoexplainthetopicandgivesrelevantreasonsforconclusions
(C)presentsthefindingsinameaningfulformatand
(D)followsacceptedformatsforintegratingquotationsandcitationsintothewrittentextto
maintainaflowofideas.
(26)ListeningandSpeaking/Listening.Studentswillusecomprehensionskillstolistenattentivelyto
othersinformalandinformalsettings.Studentswillcontinuetoapplyearlierstandardswithgreater
complexity.Studentsareexpectedto:
(A)listentoandinterpretaspeaker'spurposebyexplainingthecontent,evaluatingthedelivery
ofthepresentation,andaskingquestionsormakingcommentsabouttheevidencethatsupportsa
speaker'sclaims
(B)followandgivecomplexoralinstructionstoperformspecifictasks,answerquestions,or
solveproblemsand
(C)summarizeformalandinformalpresentations,distinguishbetweenfactsandopinions,and
determinetheeffectivenessofrhetoricaldevices.
(27)ListeningandSpeaking/Speaking.Studentsspeakclearlyandtothepoint,usingtheconventionsof
language.Studentswillcontinuetoapplyearlierstandardswithgreatercomplexity.Studentsareexpected
toadvocateapositionusinganecdotes,analogies,and/orillustrations,anduseeyecontact,speakingrate,
volume,enunciation,avarietyofnaturalgestures,andconventionsoflanguagetocommunicateideas
effectively.
(28)ListeningandSpeaking/Teamwork.Studentsworkproductivelywithothersinteams.Studentswill
continuetoapplyearlierstandardswithgreatercomplexity.Studentsareexpectedtoparticipate
productivelyindiscussions,planagendaswithcleargoalsanddeadlines,settimelimitsforspeakers,take
notes,andvoteonkeyissues.

Source:Theprovisionsofthis110.20adoptedtobeeffectiveSeptember4,2008,33TexReg7162.
110.25.EnglishLanguageArtsandReading,Reading(ElectiveCredit).
(a)Introduction.
(1)Readingoffersstudentsanopportunitytoreadwithcompetence,confidence,andunderstanding
throughinstructionincomprehensionstrategies,wordrecognition,andvocabulary.Middleschool
studentsread,write,listen,speak,andviewtolearnmoreabouttheworldaroundthemandtocreate,
clarify,critique,andappreciateideasandresponses.Middleschoolstudentscompleteresearchprojectsor
locateanswerstoquestionsusingmultipletextsandresources.Inaddition,middleschoolstudents
continuetoreadontheirownorlistentotextsreadaloudforthepurposeofenjoyment.Middleschool
studentsreadbothprintedtextsandelectronicmediaindependently,bringingwiththemvariousstrategies
toaidincomprehension.Significantblocksoftimeareprovidedforreadingbothindependentand
instructionallevelmaterialforvariedpurposessuchascollectinginformation,learningaboutand
appreciatingthewriter'scraft,anddiscoveringmodelsfortheirownwriting.Middleschoolstudents
respondtotextsthroughvariousavenuessuchastalk,printandelectronicformats,connectingtheir
knowledgeoftheworldwiththetextbeingread.Formiddleschoolstudentswhosefirstlanguageisnot
English,thestudents'nativelanguageservesasafoundationforEnglishlanguageacquisitionand
languagelearning.
(2)TheessentialknowledgeandskillsaswellasthestudentexpectationsforReading,anelective
course,aredescribedinsubsection(b)ofthissection.
(b)Knowledgeandskills.
(1)Thestudentusesavarietyofwordrecognitionstrategies.Thestudentisexpectedto:
(A)applyknowledgeoflettersoundcorrespondences,languagestructure,andcontextto
recognizewordsand
(B)usedictionaries,glossaries,andothersourcestoconfirmpronunciationsandmeaningsof
unfamiliarwords.
(2)Thestudentacquiresvocabularythroughreadingandsystematicwordstudy.Thestudentisexpected
to:
(A)expandvocabularybyreading,viewing,listening,anddiscussing
(B)determinewordmeaningbyusingcontext
(C)usespelling,prefixesandsuffixes,roots,andwordoriginstounderstandmeanings
(D)usereferenceaidssuchasaglossary,dictionary,thesaurus,andavailabletechnologyto
determinemeaningsandpronunciationsand
(E)identifyanalogies,homonyms,synonyms/antonyms,andconnotation/denotation.
(3)Thestudentreadswithfluencyandunderstandinginincreasinglydemandingtexts.Thestudentis
expectedto:
(A)readsilentlyforavarietyofpurposeswithcomprehensionforsustainedperiodsoftime
(B)adjustreadingratebasedonpurposesforreadingand

(C)readorallyataratethatenablescomprehension.
(4)Thestudentcomprehendsselectionsusingavarietyofstrategies.Thestudentisexpectedto:
(A)usepriorknowledgeandexperiencetocomprehend
(B)determinepurposeforreading
(C)selfmonitorreadingandadjustwhenconfusionoccursbyrereading,usingresources,and
questioning
(D)summarizetextsbyidentifyingmainideasandrelevantdetails
(E)makeinferencessuchasdrawingconclusionsandmakinggeneralizationsorpredictions,
supportingthemwithpriorexperiencesandtextualevidence
(F)analyzeandusebothnarrativeandexpositorytextstructures:sequence,description,
problem/solution,compare/contrast,andcause/effect
(G)makeconnectionsandfindpatterns,similarities,anddifferencesacrosstexts
(H)constructvisualimagesbasedontextdescriptions
(I)determineimportantideasfromtextsandoralpresentations
(J)managetextbyusingpracticessuchaspreviewing,highlighting,makingmarginalnotes,
notetaking,outlining,andjournalingand
(K)usequestioningtoenhancecomprehensionbefore,during,andafterreading.
(5)Thestudentreadstextstofindinformationonselfselectedandassignedtopics.Thestudentis
expectedto:
(A)generaterelevant,interesting,andresearchablequestions
(B)locateappropriateprintandnonprintinformationusingtextandtechnicalresources
(C)organizeandrecordnewinformationinsystematicwaystodevelopnotes,charts,andgraphic
organizers
(D)communicateinformationgainedfromreading
(E)usecompiledinformationandknowledgetoraiseadditionalunansweredquestionsand
(F)usetextorganizerssuchasoverviews,headings,andgraphicfeaturestolocateandcategorize
information.
(6)Thestudentreadsfordifferentpurposesinvariedsources,bothnarrativeandexpository.Thestudent
isexpectedto:
(A)readtoenjoy,tocompleteatask,togatherinformation,tobeinformed,tosolveproblems,to
answerquestions,toanalyze,tointerpret,andtoevaluate
(B)readsourcessuchasliterature,diaries,journals,textbooks,maps,newspapers,letters,
speeches,memoranda,electronictexts,andtechnicaldocumentsand
(C)understandandinterpretvisualrepresentations.

(7)Thestudentformulatesandsupportsresponsestovarioustypesoftexts.Thestudentisexpectedto:
(A)respondactivelytotextsinbothaestheticandcriticalways
(B)respondtotextthroughdiscussion,journalwriting,performance,andvisualrepresentation
and
(C)supportresponsesbyusingpriorknowledgeandexperienceand/orcitingtextualevidence
whichmayconsistofadirectquotation,paraphrase,orspecificsynopsis.
(8)Thestudentreadscriticallytoevaluatetextsinordertodeterminethecredibilityofsources.The
studentisexpectedto:
(A)evaluatethecredibilityofinformationalsourcesandtheirrelevanceforassignedandself
selectedtopics
(B)evaluatehowawriter'smotivation,stance,orpositionmayaffecttextcredibility,structure,or
tone
(C)analyzeaspectsoftext,suchaspatternsoforganizationandchoiceoflanguage,for
persuasiveeffect
(D)recognizemodesofreasoning,suchasinductionanddeductionand
(E)recognizelogicalandillogicalargumentsintext.
(9)Thestudentreadstoincreaseknowledgeofownculture,thecultureofothers,andthecommon
elementsofcultures.Thestudentisexpectedto:
(A)comparetexteventswithpersonalandotherreaders'experiencesand
(B)recognizeanddiscussliterarythemesandconnectionsthatcrosscultures.
Source:Theprovisionsofthis110.25adoptedtobeeffectiveSeptember1,1998,22TexReg7549amendedto
beeffectiveSeptember4,2008,33TexReg7162.
110.26.EnglishLanguageArtsandReading,Speech(ElectiveCredit).
(a)Introduction.
(1)Communicationisanintegralpartofoursocial,cultural,andacademiclivestherefore,middle
schoolstudentsshoulddevelopeffectivecommunicationskillstofurthertheiracademicpursuitsandto
prepareforinteractioninsocial,civic,andprofessionalroles.Competentcommunicatorsdevelopskills
focusedonfiveidentifiablefunctionsofexpressingandrespondingappropriatelytofeelings,
participatinginsocialtraditions,informing,persuading,creating,andimagining.Tobecomecompetent
communicators,studentswilldevelopandapplyskillsinusingorallanguage,nonverbalcommunication,
andlisteningininterpersonal,group,academic,andpubliccontexts.Formiddleschoolstudentswhose
firstlanguageisnotEnglish,thestudents'experienceswithoralcommunicationserveasafoundationfor
Englishlanguageacquisition.
(2)TheessentialknowledgeandskillsaswellasthestudentexpectationsforSpeech,anelectivecourse,
aredescribedinsubsection(b)ofthissection.
(b)Knowledgeandskills.

(1)Understandingthecommunicationprocess.Thestudentdemonstratesaknowledgeof
communication.Thestudentisexpectedto:
(A)recognizeandexplaintheimportanceofcommunicationinsocial,academic,civic,and
professionalroles
(B)identifytherelatedcomponentsofthecommunicationprocess
(C)identifystandardsofmakingcommunicationchoicesconsideringappropriatenessforself,
listener,occasion,andtask
(D)identifycharacteristicsoforallanguageandanalyzestandardsforusingorallanguage
appropriately
(E)identifytheimportanceofusingappropriatenonverbalcommunication
(F)identifyandexplainthecomponentsoflisteningprocess
(G)identifythekindsoflisteningandanalyzeskillsrelatedtoeachtype
(H)analyzehowperceptionofselfandothersaffectscommunication
(I)analyzeanddeveloptechniquesandstrategiesforbuildingselfconfidenceandreducing
communicationapprehension
(J)identifyandexplainfactorsthatinfluencecommunicationdecisionssuchasknowledge,
attitudes,andcultureand
(K)explaintheimportanceofassumingresponsibilityforcommunicationdecisions.
(2)Expressingandresponding.Thestudentdevelopsskillsforexpressingandrespondingappropriately
inavarietyofsituations.Thestudentisexpectedto:
(A)useappropriateverbalandnonverbalcommunicationskillsininterpersonalsituations
(B)usereflectiveempathiclisteningskillstorespondappropriatelyininterpersonalsituations
(C)explaintheimportanceofusingtact,courtesy,andassertivenessappropriatelyin
interpersonalsituations
(D)identifykindsofgroupsandanalyzebasicprinciplesofgroupdynamics
(E)useappropriatecommunicationskillsingroupstomakeplansoraccomplishgoals
(F)useappropriatestrategiesforagreeingordisagreeingininterpersonalandgroupsituations
and
(G)prepareandpresentanoralstatementonatopicofinterestorconcern.
(3)Participatinginsocialtraditions.Thestudentdevelopsanunderstandingofsocialtraditions.The
studentisexpectedto:
(A)identifytheimportanceofsocialtraditionsandceremoniesinvariouscontextsandcultures
(B)communicateappropriatelyinavarietyofinterpersonalsocialtraditions,includingmaking
andacknowledgingintroductionsandgivingandacceptingpraiseandcriticism

(C)employparliamentaryprocedureinagroupmeeting
(D)useeffectivetechniquestoprepare,organize,andpresentaspeechforaspecialoccasionand
(E)useappreciativeandcriticallisteningskillstoanalyze,evaluate,andrespondappropriatelyto
class,public,ormedia.
(4)Informing.Thestudentexpressesandrespondsappropriatelytoinformativemessages.Thestudentis
expectedto:
(A)researchideasandtopicstoacquireaccurateinformationfromavarietyofprimary,
secondary,andtechnologicalsources
(B)useappropriatecommunicationskillstorequest,provide,andrespondtoinformationin
interpersonalconversations
(C)useappropriateverbal,nonverbal,andlisteningskillsininterviews
(D)useappropriateinformationandeffectivecriticalthinkingskillsingroupdecisionmaking
andproblemsolvingprocesses
(E)planandpresentaninformativegroupdiscussionforanaudience
(F)plan,research,organize,prepare,andpresentaninformativespeech
(G)rehearsespeechestogaincommandofideasandinformation,reducecommunication
apprehension,developconfidence,andpracticepresentationskills
(H)usenotes,manuscripts,rostrum,andvisualandauditoryaidsappropriatelyinspeeches
(I)useeffectiveverbalandnonverbalcommunicationinpresentinginformativespeeches
(J)applycriticallisteningskillstoanalyze,evaluate,andrespondappropriatelytoinformative
groupdiscussionsandspeechesand
(K)developandusecommunicationskillsneededforacademicachievementsuchas
participatingappropriatelyinclassdiscussions,usingactiveandcriticallisteningskills,and
takingaccuratenotes.
(5)Persuading.Thestudentexpressesandrespondsappropriatelytopersuasivemessages.Thestudentis
expectedto:
(A)recognizeanddevelopskillsforanalyzingpersuasivestrategiessuchaspropagandadevices
andemotionalappeals
(B)respondappropriatelytopersuasivemessagesinsituationssuchasacceptingorrejectingpeer
pressureandmakingorrespondingtorequests
(C)plan,research,organize,prepare,andpresentapersuasivespeech
(D)demonstratepersuasiveskillsininformalorformalargumentation,discussions,ordebates
and
(E)developandusecriticallisteningskillstoanalyze,evaluate,andrespondappropriatelyto
class,public,ormediapresentations.

(6)Creatingandimagining.Thestudentusesimaginationandcreativitytoprepareandperformvarious
typesofliterature.Thestudentisexpectedto:
(A)useimaginationtoplan,organize,andtellstories
(B)useappropriateverbalandnonverbalskillstosharestories
(C)select,analyze,adapt,interpret,andrehearseavarietyofliteraryselections
(D)useeffectivegroupdecisionmakingskillsingroupperformances
(E)useappropriateverbalandnonverbalskillsinindividualorgroupinterpretationsofliterature
and
(F)useappreciativeandcriticallisteningskillstorespondappropriatelytoclass,public,ormedia
performances.
Source:Theprovisionsofthis110.26adoptedtobeeffectiveSeptember1,1998,22TexReg7549amendedto
beeffectiveSeptember4,2008,33TexReg7162.
Lastupdated:February23,2010
Foradditionalinformation,emailrules@tea.state.tx.us.