Introduction to

Human Anatomy
Sanjaya Adikari
Department of Anatomy

Why do you need to study

anatomy?

A doctor should be able to localize

symptoms and signs
Pains
Lumps/bumps
Withdrawing of blood & giving
injections
Basic medical procedures

Why do you need to study

anatomy?

Surgeons need to know what they

cut
Where to cut
How to find the structures/organs
Relationship of stuctures/organs
Normal variations

Subsections in the study of

Anatomy

Dissections/Macroscopic structure
Histology/Microscopic structure
Embryology
Genetics

Dissection is done in regions

Head and neck
Thorax

(with Res. Gas exch. M, Blood & Circula M)

Abdomen

(with Alimentation M)

Pelvis & Perineum

Limbs

(with Nervous control M)

(with Excretion & Reproduc M)

(with Locomotion M)

Anatomical Terms

Anatomical
Position

Anterior = Ventral
Posterior = Dorsal
Superior =
Cephalic
Inferior = Caudal
Left and Right
Medial and Lateral

Anatomical
planes

Para saggital/
Para median

A B

A is lateral to B
B is medial to A

Superior/
cephalic

Inferior/
caudal

A
B

A is proximal to B
B is distal to A
A
B

Pre-axial border
Post-axial border

Abduction
Adduction

Flexion

Extension

Flexion

Movement that carries the limb anteriorly and bends it

Extension

Movement that carries the limb posteriorly and straightens i

Flexion
Extension

Circumduction

Rotation

Superficial
Closer to the skin/out side

Deep
Away from the skin/out side

Books Recommended
Grants Atlas of Anatomy
McMinns colour atlas of Human
Anatomy

Grants Dissector
Wheaters Functional Histology by B
Young and J.W. Heath or
Textbook of Human Histology with
Colour Atlas and Practical Guide by
Inderbir Singh

Books Recommended
LASTS ANATOMY REGIONAL AND
APPLIED

Grays Anatomy for students

Textbook of Anatomy by Inderbir Singh
Clinically oriented Anatomy, By Keith L.
Moore

Human Embryology by Prof. Malkanthi S.

Chandrasekera

List of things to be brought by you

on the day of introduction to
Scalpel blade and handle 4 sets per group
dissections
Non toothed-forceps with a broad tip 4 per
group
Toothed-forceps with a broad tip 4 per group
Pare of scissors (curved) - 2 per group
Cotton wool - 400 g packet
Gauze bandage - 06 per group
Two pairs of socks
One sponge (about 2 x 3 x 5 inches) to apply
body fluid
A grey clothe 60 inches wide and 2 meters
long
Grants Dissector and a Lab coat

Instruments

Scalpel blade (No 22)

Scalpel handle (No. 4)

Instruments

Instruments

Gold-handled, curved
fine-tipped Scissors

5-6 inch Forceps

Approach to the human

bodies

Scissors

Forceps

Approach to the human

bodies

Scissors

Forceps

Approach to the human

bodies

Scissors

Forceps

Approach to the human

bodies

Scissors

Forceps

Communication with staf

Talk during practical classes
Meet us personally in the office
Comments box next to the Anatomy
notice board (of the ground floor)

Email:

Our: headanatomy@pdn.ac.lk
adikarisb@yahoo.com

Your: m1001@med.pdn.ac.lk
Batch

Stu. No.

Exams
Semester Exams 4
SAQ (40%), MCQ (30%), OSPE (30%)
Each OSPE item will have equal weightage

No separate merit exam

Marks from the 4 semester exams will decide
Distinctions in Anatomy