Food Regulations & Standards

Introduction
The legal requirements for food safety and food
quality have been established by many national
governments, with the objective of protecting
consumers and ensuring that foods are fit for
human consumption.
These requirements are contained in food laws
and regulations, the scope of which varies from
one country to another.

Food Laws & Regulations

Food laws are statements of government policies
that cover both the general and specific aspects of
adulteration and misbranding of foods, while the
food regulations deal with the enforcement of
government policies that are embodied in the food
laws.
These food laws and regulations are intended to
ensure that foods do not cause harm, illness, or
injury; are not adulterated or misbranded; and are
wholesome and fit for human consumption.

Food Laws & Regulations

Food laws and regulations apply to all foods
produced domestically, as well as all foods imported
into a country; foods cannot be imported if they do
not conform to the food laws and regulations of the
importing country.
Food laws protect consumers from illnesses and
injury by prohibiting the presence of any poisonous
or harmful substance in foods that are intended for
human consumption.
In addition, food laws protect consumers from fraud
and deception by prohibiting false or misleading
information relating to foods

Indonesian Food Laws & Regulations

Undang-undang No 7/1996 tentang Pangan
Undang-undang Nomor 8 tahun 1999 tentang
Perlindungan Konsumen
Peraturan Pemerintah No 28/2004 tentang
Keamanan, Mutu dan Gizi Pangan
Peraturan Pemerintah No. 69/1999 tentang
Label dan Iklan Pangan

Contoh Peraturan Perundang-undangan

di Bidang Makanan di Indonesia
Permenkes RI No. 329/Menkes/Per/XII/76 tentang Produksi dan
Peredaran Makanan
Permenkes RI No. 79/Menkes/Per/III/78 tentang Label dan
Periklanan Makanan
Permenkes RI No. 382/Menkes/Per/VI/89 tentang Pendaftaran
Makanan
Keputusan Bersama Menteri Kesehatan dan Menteri Agama RI No.
427/Menkes/SKB/VIII/85, No. 68 Tahun 1985 tentang Pencantuman
Tulisan Halal pada Label Makanan
Keputusan Dirjen POM No. 01323/B/SK/V/1985 tentang Petunjuk
Pelaksanaan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No.
180/Menkes/Per/IV/1985 tentang Makanan Kadaluarsa
Keputusan Dirjen POM No. 03537/B/SK/VI/1989 tentang Petunjuk
Pelaksanaan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No.
382/Menkes/Per/VI/1989 tentang Pendaftaran Makanan
Keputusan Dirjen POM No. 02591/B/SK/VIII/1991 tentang
Perubahan Lampiran Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No.
180/Menkes/Per/IV/1985 tentang Makanan Kadaluarsa

Undang-undang No 7/1996 tentang Pangan

BAB

ISI

PASAL

KETENTUAN UMUM

1-3

II

KEAMANAN PANGAN

4 23

III

MUTU DAN GIZI PANGAN

Mutu Pangan
Gizi Pangan

24 26
27 29

IV

LABEL DAN IKLAN PANGAN

30 35

PEMASUKAN DAN PENGELUARAN PANGAN KE DALAM DAN

DARI WILAYAH INDONESIA

36 - 40

VI

TANGGUNG JAWAB INDUSTRI PANGAN

41 44

VII

KETAHANAN PANGAN

45 50

VIII

PERAN SERTA MASYARAKAT

51 52

IX

PENGAWASAN

53 54

KETENTUAN PIDANA

55 59

XI

PENYERAHAN URUSAN DAN TUGAS PEMBANTUAN

XII

KETENTUAN LAIN-LAIN

61 63

XIII

KETENTUAN PERALIHAN

64

XIV

KETENTUAN PENUTUP

65

60

Undang-undang No 7/1996 tentang Pangan

Pasal 21
Setiap orang dilarang mengedarkan :
a. Pangan yang mengandung bahan beracun,
berbahaya, atau yang dapat merugikan atau
membahayakan kesehatan atau jiwa manusia ;
b. Pangan yang mengandung cemaran yang
melampaui ambang batas maksimal yang
ditetapkan ;
c. Pangan yang mengandung bahan yang dilarang
digunakan dalam kegiatan atau proses produksi
pangan ;
d. Pangan yang mengandung bahan yang kotor,
busuk, tengik, terurai atau

Undang-undang No 7/1996 tentang Pangan

mengandung bahan nabati atau hewani yang

berpenyakti atau berasal dari bangkai sehingga
menjadikan pangan tidak layak dikonsumsi
manusia ;
e. Pangan yang sudah kadaluwarsa.

Undang-undang No 7/1996 tentang Pangan

Pasal 24
1. Pemerintah menetapkan standar mutu
pangan ;
2. Terhadap pangan tertentu yang
diperdagangkan, Pemerintah dpat
memberlakukan dan mewajibkan
pemenuhan standar mutu pangan yang
ditetapkan berdasarkan ketentuan
sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1) ;

Undang-undang No 7/1996 tentang Pangan

Pasal 25
1. Pemerintah menetapkan persyaratan sertifikasi
mutu pangan yang diperdagangkan ;
2. Persyaratan sertifikasi mutu pangan,
sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1),
diterapkan secara bertahap berdasarkan jenis
pangan dengan memperhatikan kesiapan dan
kebutuhan sistem pangan.

Undang-undang No 7/1996 tentang Pangan

Pasal 26
Setiap orang dilarang memperdagangkan :
a. Pangan tertentu, sebagaimana dimaksud
dalam pasal 24 ayat (2), apabila tidak
memenuhi standar mutu yang ditetapkan
sesuai dengan peruntukannya ;
b. Pangan yang mutu berbeda atau tidak sama
dengan mutu pangan yang dijanjikan ;
c. Pangan yang tidak memenuhi persyaratan
sertifikasi mutu pangan, sebagaimana
dimaksud dalam Pasal 25.

Enforcement of food laws and regulations

The responsibility for enforcing food laws and

regulations is assigned to government regulatory
agencies. These enforcement activities fall into two
categories.
1. Inspection and audit of establishments that process,
handle, and store food to ensure that the required
sanitary and controlled conditions are followed;
audits are used by some regulatory agencies that
enforce HACCP-based regulations.
2. Inspection and analysis of foods for harmful
substances to ensure that there is conformance to
established limits and tolerances.

Enforcement of food laws and regulations

The food safety control system in Indonesia requires
elements of pre-market and post-market control.
Pre-market control is conducted by evaluating the food
safety of products to ensure the compliance with safety
and quality requirements. If a product is found to meet to
necessary requirements, the product is provided with
registration approval number and it become eligible for
the retail market.
Post-market control is conducted for food products which
have been distributed in the market The National
Agency for Drug and Food Control (BPOM)

Food Standards
Food standards also establish requirements for
the safety and quality of foods; however, unless
a food standard is part of food regulations, it is
not a legal requirement.
Indonesia : Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI)

Standar Nasional Indonesia

Satu-satunya standar yang berlaku secara nasional
di Indonesia.
SNI dirumuskan oleh Panitia Teknis dan ditetapkan
oleh Badan Standarisasi Nasional.
Agar SNI dpat diterima oleh para stakeholder, maka
SNI menganut asas: keterbukaan, transparansi,
konsensus dan tidak memihak, efektif dan relevan,
koheren, dan berdimensi pembangunan.

Food Standards
The Codex Standards are the best examples of food
standards. The CAC has the mandate to implement the
joint FAO/WHO Foods Standards Program.
This has resulted in the Codex Alimentarius, a collection
of standards for food quality, food suitability, and food
safety.
These food standards have been adopted by countries
worldwide and are intended primarily to protect
consumers and to facilitate international food trade.
They include codes of practice such as The Codex
General Principles Of Food Hygiene, standards for
maximum residual levels (MRL) for pesticides and for
veterinary drugs in foods, and standards for
specifications for food additives.

The Regulatory Environment:

International Framework, UN
Office International des
Epizooties
International Plant Protection Convention
FAO
(Food and Agriculture Organization)

GATT
WTO

Codex Alimentarius Commission

FAO/WHO working party on food labeling

The Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS)

SPS Agreement
Protect human or animal life from risks additives,
contaminants, toxins and disease-causing
organisms
Protect human life from plant/animal diseases
Protect animal/plant life from pests, diseases
Prevent or limit other damage to a country from the
entry, establishment or spread of pests
Adaptation for country-specific needs e.g. climate,
pests, diseases

The Role of Codex Alimentarius

Codex Alimentarius
FAO/WHO working party on food labeling

Develops standards in
Food quality
Nutrition
Labeling

Not involved in trade barriers

WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)

Codex Indonesia

2009