DIESEL ENGINE TECHNICAL TERMS

1. PRESSURE: - It is the force exerted per unit, area of any surface. It is expressed in PSI or
kg/cm2.
2. VOLUME: - It is a measure of space or holding capacity.
3.CLEARANCE: - It is the space between moving & stationary parts. Clearance must be
provided between the surfaces to allow for the lubricant, for expansion & contraction with
reference to the change of temperatures
4. COMBUSTION:- It is a process of igniting the fuel in combustion with oxygen in the air
Under given temperature & pressure.
5. COMBUSTION CHAMBER:- It is enclosed space in an engine cylinder formed by three
separate parts. A. Bottom of the cylinder head. B. Extension of the cylinder. C. Top of the
piston.
6. MEAN EFFECTIVE PRESSURE:- It is an average pressure which acting on the piston would
to same work as done by the actual Variable pressure in the cylinder.
7. TORQUE: - It is an effort, which rotates a body. It is a product of the force & the distance
from centre of the rotation to the force. This is measured in Ft. lab, Met. Kegs.
8. POWER: - It is rate of doing work = work done / time taken = WD/ T T = W / T.
9. HORSE POWER:- This is an unit of measuring power i.e. 1HP = 33000 Ft. Lbs. per minute or
550 Ft. Lbs. per Second 4500 MKgs./Mt. or 75 mkgs/sec.
10. INDICATED HORSE POWER(IHP):- It is the horsepower developed in the engine cylinder.
11. BRAKE HORSE POWER(BHP): The horsepower available at the out put shaft of the engine
12. EFFICIENCY:- It is a ratio of the output over input, usually expressed as percentage. This
ratio is multiplied By 100 Examples: 1200/1800 X 100/1 =80%.
= Output/Input X 100.
13. MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY:- It is the ratio of brake horsepower to the indicated horse
power (BHP to IHP). mech. = BHP/IHP.
1. STROKE:- It is a distance the piston travel up or down in side the cylinder {ie, either BDC to
TDC or from TDC to BDC}.
15. FRICTION: - It is resistance to relative motion between bodies in contact.
16. BLOW BYE: - Escape of glasses from the engine cylinder into the crankcase because of the
unsatisfactory condition of the piston rings.
17. ATOMIZER: - To break up a liquid into extremely fine particles.
18. SCAVENGING:
It is the removal of the product of combustion from an engine cylinder by a regulated air flow
19. CYCLE: - A cycle is a sequence of events, which report at intervals.
1. Suction Stroke 2.Compression Stroke 3.Power Stroke 4.Exhaust Stroke.
20. CYLINDER-LOCATION:- The engine cylinders are numbered from the free end no. 1 right
and left cylinders are the cylinders nearest the turbo charge.
21. CRANK SHAFT ROTATION:- During engine operation the crankshaft rotates counter
clockwise as viewed from the power take off end or clock wise as viewed from end.

ENGINE DATA (WDM3A/3C)

Type of loco
Loco weight
Loco length
Loco height
Loco width
Type of engine
Number of cylinder
Arrangement of cylinders
Cylinder bore
Length of stroke
Cylinder marks on MG
Firing order
Exhaust gas temperature on full load
Idle RPM
8th notch RPM
Compression ratio
Horse power
Tapped clearance
Fuel oil booster pump RPM
Water pump RPM
Water pump discharge capacity
Lube oil pump RPM
Lube oil pump displacement
Camshaft 8th notch RPM
OST assembly adjusted for trip
Fuel booster pump delivery HSD oil
Fuel oil tank capacity
Setting fuel oil relief valve
Setting fuel oil regulating valve
Injector breaking pressure
FIP Pressure
Valve seat angle
Cooling water sump capacity
Lube oil sump capacity.
Setting lube oil relief valve
Setting lube oil regulating valve
Governor oil sump capacity
Sand capacity
Right angle gear box oil capacity
Bogie class
Gear ratio
Wheel diameter new
Max. Axle load
Total wheel base
Individual truck wheel base
Traction motor gear case lubricant
Axle box lubricant (grease servo gem 3)
Brake cylinder piston travels

WDM2 (251-B)
113 Tons (112.8 tons)
56 2
13 8
9 10
251-B
16 Nos.
1V type 45 angle
9
10
R 1/8, L 1/8, R 4/5, L 4/5, R 2/7, L 2/7, R 3/6, L 3/6.
R 1, 4, 7, 6,
L 8, 5, 2, 3. or 14768523 R&L
1150 F max. & 1000 F min.
350 times.
1050
12.5:1 (3100HP) & 11.75:1(3300HP)
2750(3100HP) & 2950(3300HP)
0.034
1725
1720
800 GPM or 1626 ltr/min
1180
358GPM
520
between 1120 & 1170 RPM
14 Liters. / Minute at 4.0 to 4.8 kg / cm2 1725 rpm
5000 liters.
5.2 kg / cm2
3.6 kg / cm2
4200PSI
8300-8400PSI
42
1210 Liters.
1200 Liters.
105-110 PSI
55-60 PSI
3.5 Liters.
14 cube fit.
3 liters. (Servo system RR 402)
CO-CO
65:18
43 (1092 mm)
18.8 Tone
421.25
12-6
6 Kgs. (cardium compound)
3 Kgs. (Per axle box)
2 5/8 area.

I.O.C. SUPPLIED LUBRICANT BEING USED ON WDM-2 LOCOS AT PRESENT

Engine crank case, Generator gearbox, Right angle gearbox. - Servo system 402
Engine governor
- Servo system 317
Axle boxes, RTTM blower, Universal Coupling, Elect. Mech. - Servo Gem-3
CRANK SHAFT BEARINGS-

Crankshaft main bearings

Crankshaft intermediate bearings
Crankshaft center bearings
Crankshaft thrust with top collar

9 Nos.
15 Nos.
2 Nos.
1Nos.

18 Nos.

IMPORTANT EQUIPMENT OF DIESEL LOCO WDM-3A/3C

1-SHORT HOOD COMPARTMENT
GRID BLOWER SPACE (Electrical Equipments)
1. Diffuser 2. Dynamic breaking blower 3. Grids
NOSE COMPARTMENT
1. Air brake panel 2. Reservoir 2150 cu-in 3. NS-1 Reducing valve 4. Gauges
5. Horns system with 3-Way magnet valve with filter & knife switch 6. Horn cutout cock
AIR BRAKE PANEL CONSIST OF FOLLOWING VALVES
1. R-6 Relay valve 2. Air flow measuring valve 3. 2-Way magnet valve
4. C2W Relay valve 5. Magnet valve model 3164 (over charge feature)
6. Magnet valve 2 by 2 NC normally closed 7. F-1 Selector valve 8. C2 Relay valve
9. MU2B 10. Double check valve 24-A (3/8) 11. C3W Distributed valve 12. Air strainer
2- DRIVER CABIN
A). GAUGE PANEL
1. Booster air pressure gauge (1.2 kg/cm2) 2. Fuel oil pressure gauge.
3. Lube oil pressure gauge. 4. Oil Pressure Switch (OPS) 5. Windshield wiper cutout
B). SHORT HOOD CONTROL STAND.
1. Brake pipe air pressure gauge & break cylinder air pressure gauge 2. Main reservoir
air Pressure gauge. 3. Load meter gauge. 4. Warning/lamps signals. 5. Air flow measuring
gauge 6. MR. control pressure gauge.
AIR BRAKE VALVES: 1. A-9. 2. SA-9. 3. VCD resetting button. 4. Double check valve 5.Throttle handle.
6. Selector handle. 7. Reverser handles. 8. MU stop button. 9. Master fuel pump.
10. Master control circuit breaker. 11. G. F. Switch. 12. Foot release switch.
C). LONG HOOD CONTROL STAND: Gauge: - 1. Brake pipe air & break cylinder air pressure gauge. 2. MR. pressure gauge.
3. Load meter. 4. Electrical speed meter. 5. Air flow measuring gauge. 6. P1& P2 switches.
AIR VALVE: -A9 (Automatic brake valve), SA9 (Independent brake valve), VCD resetting
button, D-1 emergency valve, and throttle handle, selector handle reverser Handle, MU stop
button , Master fuel pump, master control circuit. Breakers & GF switch. (i.e., 14 items).
INSIDE CABIN: -1. Foot release switch. 2. Hand break. 3. Mechanical speed meter.
3. CONTROL COMPARTMENT: - 1.Battery circuit breaker. 2. Crank case exhauster motor
circuit breaker. 3. Auxiliary generator field circuit breaker. 4. Fuel pump circuit breaker.
5. Control circuit breaker. 6. Head light switch. 7. Battery ammeter gauge. 8. Warning light.
9. Start button. 10. Stop button. 11. Engine control switches (ECS). Cranking (CK-1, CK-2)
12. Contactor, (2 no.). 13. Power contactors (9no.).14.Control panel.15.BKTS. 16. Reversers.
4 MAIN ALTERNATOR COMPARTMENT: - 1.Main generator or traction generator.
2. Auxiliary generator. 3. Exciter. 4. Front trust traction motor blower (FTTM blower)

5. ENGINE COMPARTMENT: A). 1. Engine block (power pack). 2. Air channel. 3. Engine Base. 4. Cylinder heads
5.Valve laver mechanism. 6. Injection nozzles. 7. Air-inlet elbow. 8. Exhaust elbow.
Piston and Connecting rods. 10. Cylinder liners. 11. Liners slaves. 12. Cam shaft.
Fuel oil headers. 14. Lube oil secondary headers. 15. Fuel injection pumps.
Crank shaft. 17. Sump screens.18. Lube oil main header.

9.
13.
16.

B) ENGINE BLOCK FREE END: 1. Turbo super charger (TSC) 2.after cooler 3. Lube oil pump 4. Water circulating pump
5. Acceleration control device 6.over speed trip assembly.
C) ENGINE BLOCK POWER TAKES OFF END:
1. Elect to hydraulic governor. 2. Crank case exhauster motor.
D) TOP OF THE ENGINE BLOCK:
1. Water raiser poise 2. Water return header. 3. Exhaust manifold.
E) RIGHT SIDE OF ENGINE AT FREE END:
1. Fuel oil primary and secondary filters. 2. Fuel relief valve. 3. Fuel booster pump and
Governor oil pump.
F) LEFT SIDE OF ENGINE AT FREE END:
1. Fuel oil regulating valve. 2. Lube oil strainer.
6. EXPRESSER COMPARTMENT:
1. Compressor. 2. Exhauster unit with inter cooler. 3. Cyclonic Air filter. 4. Lube oil relief and
regulating valves. 5. Air compressor governor (3- Way magnet valve). 6. Temperature Switches
7. Low water switches (LWS).
7. RADIATOR COMPARTMENT:
1. Two radiators. 2. Radiator fan. 3. Universal shaft. 4. Right angle gearbox. 5. Eddy current
clutch (ECC). 6. Lube oil filter tank. 7. Lube oil cooler. 8. RTTM blower assembly. 9. Two
expansion tanks. 10. Water level gauge.
8. UNDER FRAME:
1. Sand pipes. 2. Sander valves. 3. Electro magnetic valves. 4. Main reservoir (check valve).
5. Fuel oil tank with glow rod gauge. 6. J-1 safety valve. 7. Cooling coils. 8. Air ducts with
boost. 9. Auto drain valve 10. Air dryer, feed valve, duplex check valve 11. Two trucks with
break rigging. 12. Tremont pads. 13. Cattle guards. 14. Center buffer coupling. 15. C.O.C.
(1) in BP line.
9. ON EACH TRUCK:

1. Three pairs of wheels with roller bearing journal & with one drive gear on
axle. 2. Nose suspended traction motor mounted on each axle with two pairs of
Roller suspension Bearings & a gear case. 3. Bogie frame leading zones. 4.
Equalizing beams. 5. Coiled spring & Snubbers. 6. Brake cylinders. 7. Sand
boxes (sand conveyer).

EXPLANATION OF TERMS
MODEL 251 B: - Indicates that the engine design is introduced first in Feb. 1951 and it is rating
B. Ratings A B C D E F are based on power output per cylinder in increasing order.
FREE END: - The Turbo supercharger end of the engine.
ALTERNATOR END: - The power take - off the engine.
RIGHT AND LEFT SIDE: - The right or left side of the engine is determined by viewing the
engine from the power take off end. I.e. Viewers right is right side and left is left side of the
engine.
CYLINDER LOCATION: - The engine cylinders are numbered from the free end. No.1 right and
left (1R & 1L) are the cylinders nearest to the Turbo.
CRANKSHAFT ROTATION: - During engine operation the crankshaft rotates counter
clockwise viewed from the power take-off end or clockwise as viewed from the free end.
FIRING ORDER16 Cyl. Engine
1R-1L-4R-4L-7R-7L-6R-6L-8R-8L-5R-5L-2R-2L-3R-3L
14768523
1476
8523
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