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DMM300 Mixed Scenarios for SAP HANA Data

Warehousing: Overview and Experiences

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Speakers
Las Vegas, Sept 19 - 23

Bangalore, October 5 - 7

Barcelona, Nov 8 - 10

Sebastian Baumgrtner

Edwin Dayanandh

Oliver Schall

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Disclaimer
The information in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to SAP and may not be disclosed without the permission of
SAP. Except for your obligation to protect confidential information, this presentation is not subject to your license agreement or
any other service or subscription agreement with SAP. SAP has no obligation to pursue any course of business outlined in this
presentation or any related document, or to develop or release any functionality mentioned therein.
This presentation, or any related document and SAP's strategy and possible future developments, products and or platforms
directions and functionality are all subject to change and may be changed by SAP at any time for any reason without notice.
The information in this presentation is not a commitment, promise or legal obligation to deliver any material, code or functionality.
This presentation is provided without a warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including but not limited to, the implied
warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or non-infringement. This presentation is for informational
purposes and may not be incorporated into a contract. SAP assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in this
presentation, except if such damages were caused by SAPs intentional or gross negligence.
All forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially
from expectations. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only
as of their dates, and they should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions.

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Agenda
Introduction / Motivation for Mixed Case Scenarios

Overview of Mixed Scenario Architectures


Experiences with:
BW on SAP HANA Transformations
Generated SAP HANA Views
Integrating SAP HANA Views

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Introduction / Motivation

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Mixed Architecture with SAP BW and SAP HANA


Definition
SAPs best practice for modern data warehousing
A Mixed Architecture consists of an overall data model that is
implemented at the same time by BW and native SAP HANA
tools
It combines processes, data and metadata of BW and SAP
HANA native (= best-of-both-worlds to gain additional
insight and flexibility)
SAP HANA and SAP BW deliver integrated tools to
manage mixed scenarios end-to-end including modeling,
transport mechanisms and consumption interfaces.
SAP HANA Database as central runtime for reporting and
data warehouse processes offering best in class
performance and scalability for large data warehouses

DMM302 (L1)
SAP HANA Data Warehousing: Models
for SAP BW and SQL DW on SAP HANA

BI Clients

<
SAP BW

Mixed Architecture

SAP HANA
Modeling

BW Modeling

SAP HANA

Sources
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Introduction / Motivation
Mixed Case Scenarios
In addition to classic BW scenarios, pure native modeling capabilities are now available as well as
BW powered by SAP HANA (BW optimized with SAP HANA features, e.g. BW on SAP HANA
Transformations)
More possibilities / larger flexibility
New know-how / guidelines / best practices required
This session aims to provide insight / experiences how to approach modeling and shows different
options

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Introduction / Motivation
Mixed Case Scenarios
Application requirements and the existing landscape are drivers for a new architecture
and its focus area
We will introduce selected options in an overview before showing best practices for detailed
implementation aspects

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Architecture Overview

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Architecture Overview
Staging Capabilities

Repository

SAP BW

SAP HANA Views

Data Warehousing

SQLScript

SAP BW provides SAP HANA enabled


Transformations with optimizations for
standard functionality as well as the ability to
use SAP HANA Expert Script (SQL Script
Exit)

Data Acquisition

SAP HANA

Sources

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Architecture Overview
BI Clients
SAP
HANA
Views

Repository

SAP BW
SAP
HANA
Views

Generated SAP HANA Views for BW Info


Providers

Neglects reporting layer and does use BWs


staging capabilities

Data Warehousing

Data Acquisition

SAP HANA

gen.
SAP
HANA
Views

Often driven by client decision which does not


have a tight integration with BW backend (BW
query, BICS)

Sources

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Architecture Overview
BI Clients

Generated SAP HANA Views for BW


Queries

SAP BW
Analytic Engine
BW Query

Data Warehousing

Workspaces

Repository

BW Query

Data Acquisition

SAP HANA

gen.
SAP
HANA
Views

gen.
SAP
HANA
Views

Alternative to previous scenario with usage of


analytic engine
Re-use of certain query properties possible
(e.g. restricted / calculated keyfigures) for BI
clients with shallow BW integration

Sources

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Architecture Overview
BI Clients

Integration of modeled SAP HANA Views


from agile scenarios

SAP BW
Analytic Engine
Repository

BW Query
Composite Provider

SAP
HANA
Views

Replicated and processed data from a


separate schema is integrated into BW

Data Warehousing
Data Acquisition

SAP HANA

SAP HANA view is consumed in a Composite


Provider / Open ODS View and mixed with
BW data

Sources

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Architecture Overview
BI Clients

Integration of modeled SAP HANA Views


from agile scenarios

SAP BW
Analytic Engine
Repository

BW Query
Composite Provider

SAP
HANA
Views

Data management completely native


Integration into BW to use feature-set of
analytic engine

SAP HANA

Sources

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BW on SAP HANA Transformations


Repository

SAP BW

SAP HANA Views

Data Warehousing

SQLScript

Data Acquisition

SAP HANA

Sources

Public

BW on SAP HANA Transformations


Why to use Transformations with SAP HANA Execution?
SAP HANA enabled transformations avoid data roundtrips between application server and database
Better parallelization inside the SAP HANA database
Better performance / more flexibility (adaptation of SAP HANA features)

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BW on SAP HANA Transformations


How do Transformations with SAP HANA Execution work?
After the design of the transformation capability which processing mode is possible

Similar to generated program for ABAP the generated SAP HANA Transformation can be displayed

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BW on SAP HANA Transformations

SAP HANA Transformation


(SAP HANA Analysis Process)

CalculationScenario

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BW on SAP HANA Transformations


Prerequisites for Transformations with SAP HANA Execution
Supported targets: Standard + Write-optimized DSO, Advanced DSO (ADSO), SPOs based on DSOs, OpenHub destinations for DB tables or 3rd party tools
Queries as Info Providers are not supported as a source
ABAP routines are not supported (field routine, characteristic routine*, start routine, end routine, expert routine)
Rule groups are not supported
Read from DSO entire key must be specified
Near-line connections are not supported

*0SOURSYSTEM and 0LOGSYS are supported


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BW on SAP HANA Transformations


The DTP combines Transformations between two Info Providers with persistence.

SAP HANA Expert Script


0BW_OPER_PROC

HAP
TR_00O2TMRZFVSBOQ6FLWQERAEAH

Standard
0BW_PROJECTION

HAP
TR_00O2TMRZFVSBOQ6FLWQERAEAH2

Standard
0BW_PROJECTION

HAP
TR_00O2TMRZFVSBOQ6FLWQERAEAH1

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DTP_00O2TMRZFVSBOQ6FLWQERAEAH

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BW on SAP HANA Transformations


The calculation scenarios for the related transformations are stacked.

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BW on SAP HANA Transformations


During the SAP HANA Execution of a DTP (availability can be checked) an package-wise insert as
select statement is generated

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BW on SAP HANA Transformations


Prerequisites for SAP HANA Execution Availability of a DTP
No semantic grouping
Data target is DSO subsequent processing without master data is selected
Data target is Open Hub data target is database table or 3rd party tool
Data source is DSO Delta Init from Active Table (with Archive) not set
Data source is BW DataSource Extraction is performed from PSA table

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BW on SAP HANA Transformations


Novel BW 7.50 SP04 features
In data flows with multiple transformations SAP HANA Expert Script and ABAP Transformations can be mixed (SAP HANA Expert Script must be first
transformations)
Data Target with SIDs are also supported (e.g. Info Cube, Info Object)
Start-, End- and Field routines can be implemented in SQL Script
Intermediate results can be displayed in the DTP simulation mode
PERI7 conversion exit is supported
DTP with error handling is supported
ADSO with NLS-IQ archive is supported as a source

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BW on SAP HANA Transformations Debugging I

Initialize Debugging
To debug a SAP HANA Script
it is necessary to execute the
DTP in the Execution mode
(not in the simulation mode)

Debug Perspective
To debug the procedure it is
necessary to switch to the
Debug Perspective

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BW on SAP HANA Transformations Debugging II

Variables
Call Stack Information

Available variables

Values for scalar variable

Number of lines for table type variables

Current processing line number

Check out these blogs for more details:


http://scn.sap.com/community/data-warehousing/bw/blog/2016/05/24/hana-based-bw-transformation
Source Code
http://scn.sap.com/community/data-warehousing/bw/blog/2016/06/17/hana-based-transformation-deep-dive
http://scn.sap.com/community/data-warehousing/bw/blog/2016/06/23/hana-based-bw-transformation--analyzing Current processing
source code
and-debugging
Add / Delete breakpoints
Data Preview

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Preview for table type variables

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BW on SAP HANA Transformations


Conclusions how to approach design / development
Use standard push-down capabilities (only use SAP HANA Expert Script if necessary)

allows the execution in ABAP as well as SAP HANA easier for functional debugging; later SAP HANA as performance
mode

profit from general improvement of the HAP framework

transferring ABAP code to SQL Script in AMDPs requires careful review from performance perspective

new skillset for programming / debugging / performance analysis required (new debugging features with SAP HANA SP10)

expert routine was often used to avoid overhead of the generated program no driver for SAP HANA Expert Script

please review Note 2057542 - Recommendation: Usage of SAP HANA-based Transformations

Avoid the usage of many Info Sources for one DTP

embedded calculation scenarios create complex plans which are complicated to analyze

even optimized plans might contain more operations than necessary performance drain
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Generated SAP HANA Views


BI Clients

Sources

gen.
SAP
HANA
Views

BW Query

BW Query

Data Warehousing

Workspaces

Data Warehousing

Analytic Engine
Repository

Repository

SAP
HANA
Views

SAP HANA

SAP BW

SAP
HANA
Views

SAP BW

Data Acquisition

BI Clients

gen.
SAP
HANA
Views

gen.
SAP
HANA
Views

Data Acquisition

SAP HANA

Sources

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Generated SAP HANA Views


Two options available:

Pull mechanism via SAP HANA modeler (introduced with BW 7.30)

Push mechanism triggered from BW (available since BW 7.40)

how can you transform your architecture from pull to push (*)?

(*)
TechEd 2015 (DMM301) focused on maintenance aspects as well as feature coverage (Calculation View via Modeler vs. Composite Provider / External Query View)
Push mechanism simplifies governance and allows simple adoption of new BW features. New WEB Modeler and BW Edition for SAP HANA will not support Pull mechanism.

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Generated SAP HANA Views


Pull: is manually triggered from SAP HANA modeler

An Analytic View for the selected Info Providers will be created in a specified package

Optionally classic (XML-based) Analytical Privileges can be created (view always applies privileges)
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Generated SAP HANA Views


Push: Info Provider property; view generated at Info Provider activation

Analytic View will be created in a globally specified package at Info Provider activation

Generated View secured by SQL Analytic Privileges (optionally SQL-APs can be generated
based on BW analysis authorizations)

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Generated SAP HANA Views


Push: Info Provider property; view generated at Info Provider activation
Optional calculation view deployment configurable via
transaction RS2HANA_VIEW

Note: generated calculation view directly dependent on


underlying base tables for classic DSO and Info Cube
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Generated SAP HANA Views


How do pull architectures typically look like?

Pull mechanism is able to create content


objects from physical Info Providers (Info Cube,
classic DSO, Info Object, Query as Info
Provider)

SAP HANA modeler is used to create additional


logic based on calculation views (views
potentially stacked, unions / joins, calculated /
restricted measures)

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Generated SAP HANA Views


How to perform the transition? There are different options:

Direct exchange of Part Providers

Rebuild using Composite Providers + consumption in Modeler CVs

Rebuild using Composite Providers + consumption in BW Query (external query views)

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Generated SAP HANA Views


Direct exchange of Part Providers

The modeler provides functionality to substitute the data sources of


the calculation view

Text columns need to be remapped manually since the naming


convention differs between pull and push views
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Generated SAP HANA Views


Direct exchange of Part Providers

Minimal manual effort (reuses old models but not fully governed by BW higher maintenance efforts)

Not feasible in all cases (e.g. no push for Part Providers of SPO possible expose via Composite
Provider)
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Generated SAP HANA Views


Rebuild using Composite Providers + consumption in Modeler CVs

Create a new Composite Provider and consume the relevant Info Providers as required

In the SPO case create an empty Composite Provider and add the SPO as a data source

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Generated SAP HANA Views


Rebuild using Composite Providers + consumption in Modeler CVs

Assignments can be created analog to other Part Provider

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Generated SAP HANA Views


Rebuild using Composite Providers + consumption in Modeler CVs

Composite Provider is exposed as a Calculation View in the global package


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Generated SAP HANA Views


Rebuild using Composite Providers + consumption in Modeler CVs

Difference to direct substitution of Part Providers:

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Datasources of CP scenario cannot be deployed as calculation views


(scenarios) for classic DSOs and Info Cubes (performance consideration,
e.g. join push-down)

For other BW providers the external view uses the 0BW:BIA view
(internal logical representation) as a datasource (therefore no difference
as both views are identical)

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Generated SAP HANA Views


Rebuild using Composite Providers + consumption in Modeler CVs

Replace Calculation View Node with a Data Source (here: Composite Provider external view)
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Generated SAP HANA Views


Rebuild using Composite Providers + consumption in Modeler CVs

Remap text columns due to different naming convention


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Generated SAP HANA Views


Rebuild using Composite Providers + consumption in BW Query (external query views)

If Composite Provider and Query designer features can represent original model a full remodeling
governed by BW is possible
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Generated SAP HANA Views


Rebuild using Composite Providers + consumption in BW Query (external query views)

External View for BW Query is exposed in a package named after the underlying Info Provider
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Generated SAP HANA Views


Rebuild using Composite Providers + consumption in BW Query (external query views)

The external query view consists of a single column view

The associated calculation scenario uses the Composite Provider


as a datasource and computes the layered query on top

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Generated SAP HANA Views


Rebuild using Composite Providers + consumption in BW Query (external query views)

In addition to SQL access via the external view, the access via BW BICS is possible with this modeling
approach as well
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Generated SAP HANA Views


Differences between Pull and Push content generation

Pull

Push

Part Providers of SPOs can be pulled

SPO can be exposed as external view via Composite Provider

Modifications possible (calculated attributes, calculated/restricted


measures) are retained at reimport

Only overwrite possible

Package selection available at import

Fixed package for all imports

Optional inclusion of display attributes

Display attributes not available (switch to NAV necessary)

No NLS connection

NLS connection available (regarding pruning refer to Note 2190204)

Advanced Data Store Object (ADSO) not available

ADSO push possible (NAV attributes via Composite Provider Note 2215947)

Not available on Data Provider level

Non-cumulative KFs via External Query View

Classic (XML-based) Analytic Privileges

SQL Analytic Privileges (automatic generation of BW authorizations as APs)

Request Handling (QUALOK) independent

Request Handling implemented via generated BW authorizations

Always based on Analytic Views

Deployment as Calculation View possible

Comparison of the Two Methods for Creating Views in SAP HANA for BW Objects
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw75/helpdata/en/17/8745cfaeed428eb1fa6d86ad2e40e6/content.htm

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Generated SAP HANA Views


How to migrate authorizations?

Pull Views are secured by Classic APs

Push Views employ the newer SQL APs

Both checks cannot be combined on a single view

How to migrate an existing freestyle authorization concept (without additional BW analysis


authorizations)?

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Generated SAP HANA Views


How do the generated analysis authorizations for PUSH views look like?

Analytical Privilege created for the Composite Provider


Automatically assigned to DBMS User
Created external view secured by SQL Analytic Privileges

BW table RS2HANA_AUTH_STR contains filter values according to authorizations for current SESSION_USER
Mapping between BW User and SAP HANA User is maintained in transaction SU01 DBMS Tab
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Generated SAP HANA Views


How to migrate authorizations?

Per default BW analysis authorizations will be generated at Info Provider activation / transport

This can be prevented in transaction RS2HANA_VIEW


if necessary only view with SQL AP check is created

If needed manual replication can be performed via:


Report RS2HANA_AUTH_RUN (transaction RS2HANA_GEN)
Process chain (useful since authorization
changes in BW are not automatically
propagated to SAP HANA side)

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Generated SAP HANA Views


How to migrate authorizations?

SQL APs need to be created manually analog to classic APs (no conversion routine available)

SQL APs are assigned to SQL users and will be checked at runtime

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Generated SAP HANA Views


Conclusions / Short Summary

Transformation to push on physical Info Provider level or Composite Provider / External Query View
level possible

Selection of architecture depends on

modeling feature & maintenance requirements (DMM301, TechEd 2015)


backend architecture (SPOs, DIS/NAV attributes, ADSO usage, privileges)
project effort

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Integrating SAP HANA Views


BI Clients

BI Clients

SAP BW
Repository

BW Query
Composite Provider

Data Warehousing

SAP
HANA
Views

Analytic Engine
BW Query

Repository

Analytic Engine

SAP BW
Composite Provider

SAP
HANA
Views

Data Acquisition

SAP HANA

Sources

SAP HANA

Sources

Public

Integrating SAP HANA Views


Why to integrate SAP HANA Views?
Data is located partly or completely outside of BW
Data might have been processed / produced by any SAP HANA native application
Integration into BW is desired to:

combine data for subsequent processing (e.g. planning)

use features dedicated to the analytic engine

create a persistence in BW

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Integrating SAP HANA Views


How to integrate SAP HANA Views (or external data)?
Two new providers are available in BW 7.40
Composite Provider

combines data from BW Info Providers (Info Object, DSO, SPO, Info Cube, SAP HANA Views, Open ODS Views) for
reporting

Open ODS View

integrates / conforms data from external objects like database tables, database or SAP HANA views, virtual tables or BW
Datasources with direct access

can generate ADSO (Advanced Datastore Object) as persistence in BW

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Integrating SAP HANA Views


Modeling options

1) Integration of database table, database


view or virtual table only possible via
Open ODS View

2) Integration of SAP HANA View into


Composite Provider via Open ODS View
3) Direct Integration of SAP HANA View into
Composite Provider

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Integrating SAP HANA Views

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Integrating SAP HANA Views


Performance Implications
Conforming models to BW (e.g. ALPHA conversion, no integer data type for characteristics)

basic conversions available in Open ODS View (calculation scenario since BW 7.40 SP8)

SQL View not recommended as it can disrupt query optimization especially before SAP HANA SP10

more complex conversions can be explicitly modeled in a calculation view (cast operations with calculated columns) might
prevent filter push-down / causes larger intermediate results

conversion during staging / SAP HANA optimized transformations

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Integrating SAP HANA Views


Conclusions / Short Summary
Goal: external data should be integrated into BW
Two Info Providers available: Open ODS View and Composite Provider
Consider functional aspects (feature-driven) which Provider to use
Performance aspects influence the modeling approach

additional encapsulation of information view into Open ODS View might be beneficial

consider effects of conforming data types (Open ODS View Conversions to staging solution via SAP HANA enabled
transformations)

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Design and Performance considerations SAP HANA Composite


Providers
Additional Joins during Query
Execution

Avoids Null Value handling for


SAP HANA models (except Left
Outer Join Scenarios). see also
Null value handling

No exception aggregation in
case several source fields are
mapped to one target field

Referential
Integrity

No SAP HANA exception


aggregation pushdown
( <= BW 7.40)

No SAP HANA pushdown of


exception aggregation

Null Value
handling

No pushdown of any hierarchy filter

BW handles NULL values as initial


values. Therfore filter on inital values
implicitly includes a filter on NULL

SAP HANA
Composite Provider

Value help for Fields

Fields w/o
InfoObject
Association
No OLAP Cache
Local SID limitations
No NLS in case HCPR runtime
is required (e.g. Joins,
Navigational Attribute, etc.)

No parallel processing
SAP HANA pushdown
operations may not be possible

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Design and Performance Guidelines I


The design considerations are referencing to SAP Note 2271658
The following aspects need to be considered to gain best possible query performance
against composite providers
Navigation Attributes
- Switch on required Navi-Attributes on PartProviders to avoid the generation of an additional CalcScenario
which gets joined to the HCPR during Query Execution

Null Value Handling


- ABAP App Server cannot distinguish between initial value and NULL.
- NULL values can occur in HCPRs with Left Outer Joins or in HCPRs which consume SAP HANA models.
-

No Pushdown of exception aggregation


No Pushdown of hierarchy filters

- To avoid special NULL value handling for SAP HANA models is to guarantee that master data exisits for
any transactional record and referential integrity is flagged.
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Design and Performance Guidelines II


Fields without InfoObject Association
Local SIDs are generated during query Execution for fields without InfoObject Association or Associations to
OpenODS Views

No OLAP cache usage possible


No parallel processing in the datamanager

Usually value helps reads masterdata of the associated InfoObject

Without association value helps tries to read data from HCPR


- In Case HCPR contains CalculationViews with mandatory InputParameters it is only possible to read the data from
HCPR if for all mandatory InputParameters a default value exists. Otherwise no data is shown

Compounding Problem
-

See note 1045683 for compounding-issue description.

Add missing InfoObjects to PartProvider to overcome the Compounding-issue

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Design and Performance Guidelines III


Referential Integrity
-

The Flag User confirmed Referential Integrity must only be set if master data values exist in BW for any
transactional record returned by the HCPR. Otherwise the result set of a query might be filtered by the
existing values in the BW master data tables

Referential Integrity in a HCPR with SAP HANA models may be beneficial to avoid the special handling of
NULL values (see also Null value handling)

No exception aggregation push down in case several source fields are mapped to one target field.

NearLine Storage
-

NLS requires a separate data access and is not embedded directly in the CompositeProvider runtime,
therefore NLS can only be used if the HCPR runtime is not required. Joins, navigation attributes which cannot
be read from relevant PartProvider, etc. require HCPR runtime

Key-based processing
-

SAP HANA exception aggregation pushdown with (BW <= 7.40) only possible if master data SIDs are
available in the InfoProvider or by joining the master data SID table

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SAP TechEd Online


Continue your SAP TechEd
education after the event!
Access replays of

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Keynotes
Demo Jam
SAP TechEd live interviews
Select lecture sessions
Hands-on sessions

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Further information
Related SAP TechEd sessions:
DMM104 - SAP HANA Data Warehousing: Overview, Components, and Future Strategy
DMM162 - SAP HANA Data Warehousing: Build and Run a SQL Data Warehouse on SAP HANA
DMM203 - New Approaches for Data Modeling with SAP HANA
DMM260 - Introduction to Data Modeling in SAP HANA
DMM265 - SAP HANA Data Warehousing: Simplified Modeling with SAP BW 7.5 SP4
DMM268 - SAP HANA Data Warehousing: Mixed Scenario for SAP BW and SQL DW on SAP HANA
DMM269 - End-to-End Model Performance Analysis in Native SAP HANA Platform Scenarios
DMM302 - SAP HANA Data Warehousing: Models for SAP BW and SQL DW on SAP HANA
DMM360 - Advanced Data Modeling in SAP HANA

Lecture (1hr)
Workshop (2hr)
Lecture (1hr)
Workshop (2hr)
Workshop (2hr)
Workshop (2hr)
Workshop (2hr)
Lecture (2hr)
Workshop (2hr)

SAP Public Web


scn.sap.com
www.sap.com

SAP Education and Certification Opportunities


www.sap.com/education

Watch SAP TechEd Online


www.sapteched.com/online
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Feedback
Please complete your
session evaluation for
DMM300

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