ASSAB ROYALLOY

Prehardened free machining

stainless holder steel

RoyAlloy is the preferred steel of choice of many mouldmakers and end users.
RoyAlloy provides enhanced machinability, improved dimensional stability and
superior surface finishes compared with 420F and 1.2085 type of steels.

ROYALLOY

General
RoyAlloy is a patented free machining stainless
holder steel, which is supplied in the prehardened
condition.
RoyAlloy is characterised by:

Excellent machinability
Improved dimensional stability
Readily weldable
Good corrosion resistance
Greater ductility
Good notch toughness
Uniform hardness in all dimensions
Better surface finish (as-rolled surface)
Good indentation resistance

RoyAlloy is available in both flats and rounds.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Impact Strength
The energy absorption at impact testing depends
on the test material (bar size and delivered
hardness), test temperature and specimen (type,
location, and orientation in the bar).

RoyAlloy is ultrasonic tested according to

ASSAB specification.

Charpy-V, LT direction. Room temperature.

Hardness

Si
0.4

Mn
1.2

Typical analysis %

C
0.05

Standard
specification

None (Patented)

Delivery condition

Hardened and tempered to 290 - 330 HB

Colour code

Alternate Yellow / Blue

Cr
12.6

S
0.12

Impact energy
J

Mould bases (holders/bolsters, cavity plates,

support/backing plates, ejector plates)
Moulds requiring extensive machining and
corrosion resistance
Plastic and rubber moulds with low demands
on polishability
Dies for plastic extrusion
Constructional parts

Hardness

321 HB

Yield strength, Rp0.2

MPa

890

Tensile strength, Rm
MPa

1069

Elongation, A 5
%

12

Reduction of Area, Z
%

34

Compresive Strength
Approximate values.

Properties
PHYSICAL DATA
Prehardened to 321 HB.
Temperature

20C

Density
3
kg/m

7 800

7 750

200 000

190 000

150C

Coefficient of
thermal expansion
per C from 20C
Thermal conductivity
W/m C

22

Tensile Strength
Approximate values. Longitudinal specimens
tested at room temperature.

Applications

Modulus of elasticity
MPa

321 HB

200C

-6

11.0 x 10
17

Hardness

302 HB

Compressive strength
MPa

760

CORROSION RESISTANCE
RoyAlloy was developed with a chemical
composition adjusted to provide good corrosion
resistance during tool operation and storage.
Tooling made from RoyAlloy will have good
resistance to corrosion caused by humid
working and storage conditions, and when
moulding corrosive plastics under normal
production conditions.
1

ROYALLOY

Machining recommendations
The cutting data below are to be considered as
guiding values and starting point for evaluating
your own best practice.

MILLING
Face and square shoulder milling

Condition: Prehardened condition ~ 321 HB

Cutting data
parameters

TURNING

Cutting speed (v c )
m/min
Turning with
HSS

Turning with carbide

Cutting data
parameters
Rough turning

130 - 190

Feed (f)
mm/rev
Depth of cut (ap)
mm

130 - 190

190 - 250

0.2 - 0.4

0.1 - 0.2

2-5

P20 - P40
Coated carbide

P10
Coated carbide
or cermet

Feed (fz)
mm/tooth

Fine turning
Depth of cut (a p )
mm

Cutting speed
(vc )
m/min

Carbide
designation
ISO

Fine turning

Milling with carbide

Rough milling
Fine milling

190 - 250

25 - 28

Carbide designation
ISO

0.2 - 0.4

0.05 - 0.2

0.05 - 0.3

2-4

0.5 - 2

0.5 - 3

P20 - P30
P10 - P20
Coated carbide Coated carbide
or cermet

End milling
Type of milling

High speed steel

Cutting data
parameters

Cutting speed
(vc)
m/min

DRILLING
High speed steel twist drill
Drill diameter
mm

Feed (fz)
mm/tooth

Cutting speed (vc)

m/min

Feed (f)
mm/rev

17 - 19*

0.05 - 0.10

5 - 10

17 - 19*

0.10 - 0.20

10 - 15

17 - 19*

0.20 - 0.25

1)

0.25 - 0.30

2)

15 - 20

17 - 19*

Solid
carbide

Carbide
indexable
insert

High speed
steel

80 - 120

120 - 170

35 - 40

0.006 - 0.20

Carbide
designation
ISO

2)

0.06 - 0.20

2)

1)

0.01 - 0.35

P15 - P40

For coated HSS end mill, vc = 60 - 66 m/min.

Depending on radial depth of cut and cutter diameter.

* For coated HSS drill, vc = 29 - 31 m/min.

Carbide drill
GRINDING
Cutting data
parameters

Indexable
insert

215 - 240

Feed (f)
mm/rev

0.05 - 0.15

2)

110 - 130

2)

0.10 - 0.25

Type of grinding

Brazed
1)
carbide

Solid
carbide

Cutting speed
(vc)
m/min

1)

Type of drill

70 - 110

2)

0.15 - 0.25

Drill with internal cooling channels and brazed tip.

Depending on drill diameter.

2)

Wheel recommendation

Face grinding straight wheel

A 46 HV

Face grinding segments

A 36 GV

Cylindrical grinding

A 60 KV

Internal grinding

A 60 JV

Profile grinding

A 120 LV

2)

ROYALLOY

Heat treatment

Further information

RoyAlloy is supplied in the prehardened condition

with through-hardness of 290 - 330 HB. Each plate
is carefully hardness-tested to ensure consistency.
RoyAlloy is intended for use in the prehardened
condition (i.e., delivery condition), no further heat
treatment or stress relief is generally required.

Contact our ASSAB subsidiary* servicing your

location for further information on the selection,
heat treatment, application and availability of
ASSAB tool steels.
* see back cover page

Welding
RoyAlloy is readily weldable with RoyAlloy filler
metal or several standard stainless filler metals,
using TIG (GTAW) and MMA (SMAW) processes.
Neither preheating nor postheating is necessary.
Test had shown that RoyAlloy does not develop an
overhardened heat-affected zone (HAZ) around the
weld deposit. This eliminates the concern of weldinduced cracking during repair or, subsequently,
during service.
For best results, use RoyAlloy welding electrodes.
RoyAlloy electrodes provide an optimal match with
the base metal in terms of chemical composition
and mechanical properties.

RoyAlloy remains dimensionally stable even after

extensive machining of 152 x 711 x 813 mm.
0.15 mm distortion, corner to corner.

ASSAB STAINLESS CONCEPT

The products of choice in plastic mould materials.
The Stainless Concept is our own programme of metallurgically balanced
stainless grades that has been specially developed and continually broadened
to meet the needs of today's fast-changing moulding industry.
The problems are well known - rust problems with moulds, surfaces that need
repolishing, cooling channels that have to be redrilled, parts that rust together.
Choosing the right product within our Stainless Concept, which can be used
individually or in combination to produce the highest quality tooling for the full
range of moulding applications, will minimise the problems above.

ELMAX

POLMAX

Insert material for high

wear resistance demands
produced via the third
generation SuperClean3
powder metallurgical process.

STAVAX
SUPREME

STAVAX ESR

A new product with improved

hardenability and toughness,
mainly developed for larger
moulds.

The original corrosion

resistance mould steel
for cores and cavities.
Medium and small sizes.

MOLDMAX HH

A beryllium copper alloy

supplied at ~40 HRC.
High thermal conductivity.
Benefits include cycle time
reduction and improved
product quality.

The new insert material for

extreme surface finish
requirements.

CORRAX

ROYALLOY

Corrax has the best

corrosion resistance
among all grades within
the Stainless Concept.

MOLDMAX XL

A copper-nickel-tin alloy
supplied at ~30 HRC.
A combination of high
thermal conductivity,
corrosion resistance
and polishability.

Free machining stainless holder

steel supplied at ~35 HRC.
Remains dimensionally stable
even after extensive machining.

MOLDMAX SC

~20 HRC beryllium copper

alloy with extremely high
thermal conductivity. Ideal
for moulding situations
where rapid and uniform
heat transfer are required.

Publ. 064 20070801