Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SHAILESH GOSAVI
Head:- Technical Services (Maharashtra & Gujarat)
JSW CEMENT LTD
# 8691037751
Email : shailesh.gosavi@jsw.in
The main architect of JSW- late Shri O P Jindal , the group founder set
the ball rolling of what would later become a billion dollar, multi location
and multiproduct industrial empire. To begin with started to trade in steel
pipes, later established a manufacturing plant rolling out steel pipes,
bends and sockets.
1. PCMC will not supply cement to the Contractors. They shall have to
purchase cement from open market manufactured by reputed cement
companies (except companies having mini plant). The cement shall be 43
grade OPC conforming to IS 8112, Portland slag cement or mixture of 43
grade cement blended with GGBS, both conforming to IS: 8112 for
physical parameters and IS: 455 for chemical parameters shall be tested at
Approved Laboratory at Contractors cost as mentioned in Table-1 from
special conditions for the Ready Mix Plant Owners, preferably before its
use. In case, the cement test results are not available before its use, the
concreting work shall be permitted on the explicit understanding that they
will remove and redo the work at their own cost in case the cement
specimen fails to attain the specified compressive strength.
GGBS
OPC
SHAILESH GOSAVI #8691037751
Name of
Compound
Abbreviati Oxide
Appro Function
compositi x.
on
on
(%)
Tri calcium
silicate
C S
3CaO,SiO 45 to
55
Di calcium
silicate
CS
2CaO,SiO 20 to
30
Tri Calcium
Aluminate
C A
3CaO,Al2
O
6 to
10
Tetra Calcium
Aluminoferrate
C AF
4CaO,
Al2O,Fe2
O
15 to
20
Cement Clinker
(%)
CaO
62
40
<>22
SiO2
22
35
55
Al2O3
14
30
MgO
<1
0.5
Fe2O3
GGBS
(%)
Fly Ash
(%)
by
rapidly
chilling
or
Slag Granulation
27 - 32
30 - 40
17 - 31
0-1
0 - 17
85% MIN.
water
C-S-H
gel
Ca(OH)2
C-S-H
gel
JSW GGBS
7 Days
3 Days
Strength of Concrete
Max. Reduction in heat of
Lesser
Cracking
GGBS
Concrete
Increased
durability
hydration.
High Impermeability.
Resistance to Chemical
Attacks
In the recent revision of IS 456: 2000, particular attention was paid to the Durability aspect of
Concrete.
The code for the first time allowed the use of pozzolanic materials such as GGBS, Flyash, Silica
fumes, MetaKaoline, Rice husk ash etc as mineral admixtures in concrete, mainly for the purpose
of enhancing the durability of concrete.
In our Mumbai/Pune Metro Region, we are undergoing a transformation in terms of Residential
and Infrastructure development, it has been recognized that the use of OPC alone or using OPC
in high percentage in the concrete is not only coming in the way of GREENER CONSTRUCTION
but also having many disadvantages in particular with respect to the following
a. Drying shrinkage,
b. Excess heat of hydration,
c. Continued increase in permeability,
d. Lack of resistance to chemical attacks especially in Costal cities.
DURABLE CONSTRUCTION
A GLOBAL CHALLANGE
Durability of concrete
Durability may be defined as "consistent performance of the structures during
its expected life time conforming to the predetermined set parameters and
under prevailing conditions without resorting to maintenance".
The durability of any structure is affected by loading and environmental
conditions, and natural phenomena such as rain, snow fall, floods, fire, etc.
The statistical analysis would be helpful to determine the probable cycle and
severity of such occurrences.
The selection of cementitious material should be based on the durability
requirements.
Workmanshi
p
Cover to
embedded
steel
Shape &
Size of
member
W/C ratio
Cementitious
Content
Concrete-Durability
Strong Concrete is not always a Durable Concrete.
Environmental Condition has become an important factor for durability.
Concrete Deterioration
Physical
Deterioration
Chemical
Deterioration
Acid
Sea water
Reinforcement
Corrosion
Alkali-aggregate
reaction
Carbonation
Leaching
Chlorides
Challenges to CONCRETE:-
MPa
50
40
30
20
10
0
1d
2d
3d
7d
28d
56d
100
72.04
66.74
60.26
80
60
95.17
82.27
42.63
40
20
0
3 DAYS
7 DAYS
28 DAYS
35
60
Temp Deg C
Temperature, Degree C
40
30
25
50
40
30
Core Temp PPC
20
10
20
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
Age, minute
PSC Concrete
35000
40000
45000
0
1
7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58 61 64 67 70
Time in hrs
OPC Concrete
CL Ion Penetrability
> 4000
High
2000 - 4000
Moderate
1000 - 2000
Low
100 - 1000
Very Low
< 100
Negligible
GGBS replacement
level
0%
Average
25%
1034
40%
628
50%
526
2220
Cement Diffusivity
10-9 Cm2/g
OPC
44.7
PPC
(70:30)
14.7
PSC
(45:55)
4.1
CaSO4 2H2O
REACTS WITH C3A OF CEMENT
Cal - SULPHO ALUMINATE (ETTRINGITE)
VOL. EXPANSION
Mean mm
OPC
0%
OPC+GGBS
25%
OPC+GGBS
40%
OPC+GGBS
50%
21
18
15
10
Material
Addition/s
or
cement
constituent
Aggregate
Reinforcement
930
GGBS
52
Fly ash
Limestone
32
32
4
427
For no tensile cracks, the difference in temperature, between Core and Surface should be less than
about 25oC.
SHAILESH GOSAVI #8691037751
For this reason we must reduce the development of high temperature at the Core. A pragmatic
and wise solution is to replace OPC with 60 70 % GGBS.
For example, in one of the major projects in central Mumbai, 55% GGBS is used as replacement
of cement, for M 40 raft foundation, 3.5 meter thick.
The following is the mix design:
Cement
GGBS
10 mm Agg.
20 mm Agg.
River Sand
Water
Admixture
Density
-
217 Kg / m3
263 ,,
410 ,,
571 ,,
845 ,,
160 ,,
6 ,,
2472 Kg / m3
(45%)
(55%)
As per the IS 14591 Guidelines to Mass Concrete, the Adiabatic Rise in Temperature (To) is calculated
by the following equation
To = WH
c
Combination
Cementitious
Content
To
OPC
400
40o C
OPC(70%)+FA(30%)
480
36.4o C
OPC(45%)+GGBS(55%)
480
29.5o C
From the above table, we should select GGBS as the most effective Cementitious Material for
reducing the peak temperature in Concrete. The reduction in Core temperature by substituting
55% of GGBS, would be about 72 61.5 = 10.5oC.
This is a significant Reduction Of Core Temperature to avoid tensile cracks in Massive concrete
structure.
SHAILESH GOSAVI #8691037751