Exam 2 (Ch.16, Ch.

17) Answers
1. Calculate the pH of a 0.075 M solution of HClO 4.
pH = 1.125

(Texbook p.679)

2. What is the concentration of KOH in a solution that has pH = 10.69?

[KOH] = 4.90 x 10-4 M

(Texbook p.679)

3. The Ka of a weak acid is 5.5 x 10-4. What is the pH of a 0.63 M solution of this
acid?
HA
pH = 1.73

H 2O

A-

H3O+

Dissociation of weak acid

(Texbook p.685)

4. A 0.12 M solution of weak base has a pH of 10.76. Determine K b.

B

Kb = 2.77 x 10-6

H2O

BH+

OH-

Dissociation of weak base

(Texbook p.682)

5. Calculate the pH of a 0.050 M solution of carbonic acid. ( K a(1) = 4.2 x 10-7, Ka(2)
= 4.8 x 10-11)
H2CO3
HCO3-

+
+

pH = 3.83

H2O
H2O

HCO3
CO3

(Texbook p.689)

2-

+
+

H3O+
H3O+

Dissociation of weak acid

6. Calculate the pH of a 0.082 M solution of NaCN. (K a HCN = 4.9 x 10-10 )

NaCN
CN- +

Na+

H 2O

+ CN-

H CN

Dissociation of salt
+

OH -

Hydrolysis of salt

pH = 11.11 (Texbook p.696)

7. Consider 1 L of a buffer that is 1.5 M HCN and 1.2 M NaCN. Calculate the pH
after the addition of 0.25 mol NaOH. (Ka HCN = 4.9 x 10-10)
HCN/CNHCN +

pH = 9.37

Buffer
H 2O

CN-

H3O+

Buffer

(Texbook p.727)

8. Calculate the pH at the equivalence point in the titration of 30 mL of 0.25 M

CH3COOH with 0.25 M KOH. (Ka CH3COOH = 1.8 x 10-5 Kb CH3COO- = 4.9 x 10-10)
CH3COOH + KOH CH3COO K+ + H2O
CH3COOH

+ H2O CH3COO +

CH3COO + H2O
pH = 8.89

H3O+

CH3COOH + OH-

(Texbook p.735)

titration
Buffer
Hydrolysis of salt

9. Calculate the pH after the addition of 25 mL of 0.10 M NaOH to 50 mL of 0.10

M HF.(pKa HF = 3.15)
HF + NaOH F Na+ + H2O
HF

+ H 2O F +

F + H2O

pH = 3.15

H3O+

HF + OH-

Titration
Buffer
Hydrolysis of salt

(Texbook p.735)

10.Which of the following best describes the titration of a acetic acid with
sodium hydroxide
a. low starting pH, and pH = 7 at equivalence point
b. high starting pH, and pH = 7 at equivalence point
c. high starting pH, and pH < 7 at equivalence point
d. low starting pH, and pH > 7 at equivalence point
(Texbook p.734)

11. What range of pH values could be achieved with a buffer consisting

of nitrous acid,HNO2 (Ka = 4.5 x 10-4) and sodium nitrite, NO2- .
2.35 4.35

(Texbook p.726)

12. The pH of two different solutions was determined before and after the
addition of small amounts of strong acid (0.001 mol).
Solution A
Solution B

pH = 3.2 (before)
pH = 3.2 (before)

pH = 3.8 (after)
pH = 0.7 (after)

From these measurements we can conclude that:

a) Solution A is a buffer
b) Solution B is a buffer

(Texbook p.723)

13. What happens to the pH of the solution of weak acid, HA, from problem 3
after the addition of 0.63 M solution of its salt NaA.

a) it decreases (more acidic)

b) it stays the same
c) it increases
(less acidic) (Texbook p.727)
14. Which statement is correct for this reaction
HSO4-

+ NH3

SO42-+

+ NH4+

a) HSO4- acts as a base

b) SO42- is the conjugate acid of HSO4c) NH3 acts as a base
d) NH3 is the conjugate acid of NH4+

(Texbook p.669)

15. What is a conjugate acid-base pair in the reaction?

CN- +
a)
b)
c)
d)

H 2O

CN- and
H2O
CN- and HCN
HCN and OHCN- and OH-

H CN

OH -

(Texbook p.670)

16. A buffer is prepared by dissolving equimolar amounts of HCO 3- and CO32in water
HCO3- + H2O CO32- + H3O+

Buffer

The addition of HCl to this buffer results in:

a) a decrease in the HCO3b) an increase in the CO32c) a decrease in the CO32(Texbook p.727)
d) no change in the concentration of CO 32- or HCO3-

17. What is the pH of a solution made by combining 150 mL of 0.125 M HCl

and 150 mL of 0.130 M KOH.
pH = 11.4

(Texbook p.731)

Exam 2 (Ch.16, Ch.17) Answers

1. Calculate the pH of a 0.03 M solution of KOH.
pH = 12.48 (Texbook p.679)

2. What is the concentration of HClO4 in a solution that has pH = 1.12 ?

[H+] = 0.076 M (Texbook p.679)

3. The Kb of a weak base is 1.7 x 10-9. What is the pH of a 0.63 M solution of this
base?
B

pH = 9.51

H2O

BH+

OH-

Dissociation of weak base

(Texbook p.691)

4. A 0.12 M solution of weak acid has a pH of 3.5. Determine K a.

HA

H 2O

Ka = 8.34 x 10-7

A-

H3O+

Dissociation of weak acid

(Texbook p.682)

5. Which statement is correct for this reaction

HSO4a) HSO4-

+ NH3

acts as a base

SO42-+

+ NH4+

b) SO42- is the conjugate acid of SO42c) NH3 acts as a base

(Texbook p.669)
d) NH3 is the conjugate acid of NH4+

6. What is a conjugate acid-base pair in the reaction?

CN- +

H 2O

a) CN- and
b) CN- and
c) HCN and

H CN

H2O
HCN
OH-

d) CN- and

OH -

(Texbook p.670)

OH

7. Calculate the pH of a 0.30 M solution of hydrosulfuric acid, H 2S. ( Ka(1) = 9.5 x 10-8,
Ka(2) = 1 x 10-19)
H 2S
acid
HS-

H2O

H2O

HS
S

2-

+
+

H3O+

Dissociation of weak

H3O+

pH = 3.77 (Texbook p.689)

8. Calculate the pH of a 0.82 M solution of NaNO 2. (Ka HNO2 = 4.5 x 10-4 )

NaNO2
Na+
+ NO2NO2 +
H2O

HNO2 +
pH = 8.63

OH-

Dissociation of salt
Hydrolysis of salt

(Texbook p.696)

9. What range of pH values could be achieved with a buffer consisting of

formic acid,HCOOH (Ka = 1.7 x 10-4) and sodium formate, HCOO- .

2.77 4.77

(Texbook p.726)

10. Consider 1 L of a buffer that is 1.2 M HCN and 1.5 M NaCN. Calculate the
pH after the addition of 0.25 mol HCl. (Ka HCN = 4.9 x 10-10)
HCN/CNHCN +

Buffer
H 2O

CN-

H3O+

Buffer

pH = 9.23 (Texbook p.727)

11. The pH of two different solutions was determined before and after
the addition of small amounts of strong acid (0.001 mol).
Solution A
Solution B

pH = 9.2 (before)
pH = 9.2 (before)

pH = 3.8 (after)
pH = 9.0 (after)

From these measurements we can conclude that:

a) Solution A is a buffer
b) Solution B is a buffer

(Texbook p.727)

12. What happens to the pH of the solution of weak base, B, from problem 3
after the addition of 0.63 M solution of its salt.
a) it decreases (less basic)
(Texbook p.727)
b) it stays the same
c) it increases
(more basic)

13. A buffer is prepared by dissolving equimolar amounts of HCO 3- and CO32in water
HCO3- + H2O CO32- + H3O+

Buffer

The addition of HCl to this buffer results in:

a) a decrease in the HCO3-

b) an increase in the CO32c) a decrease in the CO32(Texbook p.727)

d) no change in the concentration of CO 32- or HCO3-

14. Calculate the pH at the equivalence point in the titration of 10 mL of 0.25

M CH3COOH with 0.25 M KOH.( Ka CH3COOH = 1.8 x 10-5 Kb CH3COO- = 4.9 x 10-10)
CH3COOH + KOH CH3COO K+ + H2O
CH3COOH + H2O CH3COO + H3O+
CH3COO + H2O
CH3COOH + OH-

titration
Buffer
Hydrolysis of salt

pH = 8.89 (Texbook p.735)

15. Calculate the pH after the addition of 35 mL of 0.10 M NaOH to 30 mL of

0.10 M HCN.(Ka HCN = 4.9 x 10-10)
HCN + NaOH CN Na+ + H2O
Titration
HCN +

H 2O

CN + H2O

CN- +

HCN + OH-

H3O+

Buffer

Hydrolysis of salt

pH = 11.92 (Texbook p.735)

16. Which of the following best describes the titration of ammonia with nitric
acid
a. low starting pH, and pH = 7 at equivalence point
b. high starting pH, and pH = 7 at equivalence point
c. high starting pH, and pH < 7 at equivalence point (Texbook p.737)
d. low starting pH, and pH > 7 at equivalence point

17. What is the pH of a solution made by combining 150 mL of 0.125 M HNO 3

and 150 mL of 0.130 M NaOH.
pH = 11.40 (Texbook p.731)