Professional Documents
Culture Documents
X757/75/02
National
Qualications
2016
Physics
Section 1 Questions
TUESDAY, 24 MAY
1:00PM 3:00PM
Instructions for the completion of Section 1 are given on Page 02 of your question and answer
booklet X757/75/01.
Record your answers on the answer grid on Page 03 of your question and answer booklet
Reference may be made to the Data Sheet on Page 02 of this booklet and to the Relationships
Sheet X757/75/11.
Before leaving the examination room you must give your question and answer booklet to the
Invigilator; if you do not, you may lose all the marks for this paper.
*X7577502*
A/PB
DATA SHEET
Speed of sound in materials
Speed in ms
30 108
Air
Carbon dioxide
Aluminium
5200
Air
340
Bone
4100
30 10
12 10
Diamond
Speed in ms1
Material
Glass
20 10
Carbon dioxide
270
Glycerol
21 108
Glycerol
1900
Muscle
1600
Steel
5200
Tissue
1500
Water
1500
23 10
Water
98
Jupiter
23
Mars
37
Mercury
37
Moon
16
Neptune
11
Saturn
90
Sun
270
Uranus
87
Venus
89
Material
Alcohol
099 105
Aluminium
395 105
Carbon Dioxide
180 105
Copper
205 105
Iron
267 105
Lead
025 105
Water
334 105
Alcohol
2350
Aluminium
902
Copper
386
Glass
500
Ice
2100
Iron
480
Lead
128
Oil
2130
Water
4180
Material
Boiling point
in C
Alcohol
98
65
Aluminium
660
2470
Copper
1077
2567
Glycerol
18
290
Lead
328
1737
Iron
1537
2737
105
112
Type of radiation
Radiation
weighting factor
alpha
20
beta
fast neutrons
10
gamma
10
377
10
830
Turpentine
10
290
slow neutrons
Water
105
226
X-rays
Page 02
SECTION 1
Attempt ALL questions
1.
2.
an LDR
a transistor
an LED
a photovoltaic cell
a thermistor.
Q
P
Which row in the table identifies the charge on the particle, the charge on plate Q and the
charge on plate R?
Charge on particle
Charge on plate Q
Charge on plate R
negative
positive
negative
negative
negative
positive
no charge
negative
positive
no charge
positive
negative
positive
positive
negative
Page 03
[Turn over
3.
A
A
4.
Reading on ammeter A3
(A)
Reading on ammeter A5
(A)
20
10
30
10
20
40
30
40
50
50
24
017
30
60
16
32 .
Page 04
5.
01 m
02 m
005 m
The block is placed so that one of the surfaces is in contact with a smooth table top.
The weight of the block is 490 N.
The minimum pressure exerted by the block on the table top is
6.
25 Pa
245 Pa
490 Pa
980 Pa
4900 Pa.
pressure
meter
The syringe contains a fixed mass of air of volume 150 mm3.
The reading on the pressure meter is 120 kPa.
The volume of air inside the syringe is now changed to 100 mm3.
The temperature of the air in the syringe remains constant.
The reading on the pressure meter is now
A
80 kPa
125 kPa
180 kPa
80 000 kPa
Page 05
[Turn over
T (C)
T (K)
T (C)
T (K)
T (C)
Page 06
8.
II
A wave with a short wavelength diffracts more than a wave with a long wavelength.
III
9.
I only
II only
III only
I and II only
Q
The wavelength of the wave is the horizontal distance between points
A
P and Q
P and S
Q and R
R and S
S and T.
[Turn over
Page 07
10.
The diagram represents the position of the crests of waves 3 seconds after a stone is
thrown into a pool of still water.
60 m
crest
10 m
Which row in the table shows the speed and the frequency of the waves?
Speed
(m s1)
Frequency
(Hz)
033
033
10
10
10
Page 08
11.
A
ray of
red light
B
ray of
red light
C
ray of
red light
D
ray of
red light
ray of
red light
[Turn over
Page 09
12. Which row in the table shows how the mass and charge of an alpha particle compares to the
mass and charge of a beta particle?
Mass of an alpha particle compared to
mass of a beta particle
larger
same
larger
opposite
same
same
smaller
opposite
smaller
same
An alpha particle
An electron
A gamma ray
A neutron
A proton
Kinetic energy
E Acceleration
Page 10
15. A ball moves along a horizontal frictionless surface and down a slope as shown.
ball
Q
Which of the following graphs shows how the speed of the ball varies with time as it travels
from P to Q?
A
speed
time
time
time
time
time
speed
speed
speed
speed
Page 11
[Turn over
4000J
8000J.
17. A rocket is taking off from the surface of the Earth. The rocket engines exert a force on the
exhaust gases.
Which of the following is the reaction to this force?
A
Page 12
18.
19.
12
12
Vertical velocity
(m s1)
12
15
15
12
15
13
12
The minimum amount of energy required to change 05 kg of water at its boiling point into
steam at the same temperature is
A
209 103 J
167 105 J
334 105 J
113 106 J
226 106 J.
Page 13
The Big Bang Theory is a theory about the origin of the Universe.
II
III
I only
II only
I and II only
I, II and III.
Page 14
[BLANK PAGE]
do not write on this page
Page 15
[BLANK PAGE]
do not write on this page
Page 16
N5
National
Qualications
2016
X757/75/01
Mark
Physics
Section 1 Answer Grid
and Section 2
TUESDAY, 24 MAY
*X7577501*
1:00PM 3:00PM
Town
Forename(s)
Date of birth
Day
Month
Surname
Year
Number of seat
*X757750101*
A/PB
SECTION 1 20 marks
The questions for Section 1 are contained in the question paper X757/75/02.
Read these and record your answers on the answer grid on Page 03 opposite.
Use blue or black ink. Do NOT use gel pens or pencil.
1. The answer to each question is either A, B, C, D or E. Decide what your answer is, then fill
in the appropriate bubble (see sample question below).
2. There is only one correct answer to each question.
3. Any rough work must be written in the additional space for answers and rough work at the
end of this booklet.
Sample Question
The energy unit measured by the electricity meter in your home is the:
A ampere
B kilowatt-hour
C watt
D coulomb
E volt.
The correct answer is B kilowatt-hour. The answer B bubble has been clearly filled in
(see below).
A
Changing an answer
If you decide to change your answer, cancel your first answer by putting a cross through it (see
below) and fill in the answer you want. The answer below has been changed to D.
A
If you then decide to change back to an answer you have already scored out, put a tick (3) to the
right of the answer you want, as shown below:
A
or
*X757750102*
Page 02
*OBJ20AE1*
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
*X757750103*
Page 03
[Turn over
[BLANK PAGE]
DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE
*X757750104*
Page 04
*X757750105*
Page 05
[Turn over
MARKS
*X757750106*
Page 06
DO NOT
WRITE IN
THIS
MARGIN
MARKS
1. (continued)
DO NOT
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THIS
MARGIN
(c) Many tall buildings have a thick strip of metal attached to the side of the
building.
strip of metal
This strip is used to protect the building from damage during electrical
storms.
Explain how this strip protects the building from damage.
*X757750107*
Page 07
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MARKS
variable
resistor
A
R
*X757750108*
Page 08
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THIS
MARGIN
MARKS
2. (continued)
DO NOT
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THIS
MARGIN
10
020
25
050
32
064
62
124
(d) The student now replaces resistor R with a filament lamp and repeats the
investigation. A sketch graph of the students results is shown.
voltage across
lamp (V)
State a conclusion that can be made about the resistance of the filament
lamp.
*X757750109*
Page 09
[Turn over
MARKS
washing machine
heating element
water
*X757750110*
Page 10
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THIS
MARGIN
MARKS
3. (continued)
DO NOT
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THIS
MARGIN
(ii) Explain why, in practice, it takes longer to heat the water from
15C to 40C than calculated in (b)(i).
*X757750111*
Page 11
[Turn over
MARKS
3. (continued)
(c) The temperature of the water in the washing machine is monitored by a
circuit containing a thermistor.
230V
+50V
relay
coil
relay
switch
heating
element
thermistor
t
0V
As the temperature of the water increases, the resistance of the
thermistor decreases.
The heating element is switched off when the temperature of the water
reaches 40C.
Explain how the circuit operates to switch off the heating element.
*X757750112*
Page 12
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MARKS
DO NOT
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MARGIN
visible light
X-rays
1010
ultraviolet
108
infrared
106
104
microwaves
102
wavelength (m)
(a) State a detector of infrared radiation.
(ii) Identify the part of the spectrum that this wave belongs to.
*X757750113*
Page 13
[Turn over
[BLANK PAGE]
DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE
*X757750114*
Page 14
MARKS
DO NOT
WRITE IN
THIS
MARGIN
*X757750115*
Page 15
[Turn over
MARKS
air
Perspex
ray of
red light
(a) On the diagram, draw and label:
(b) The student varies the angle of incidence and measures the
corresponding angles of refraction. The results are plotted on a graph.
angle of
refraction
()
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
angle of incidence ()
*X757750116*
Page 16
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MARKS
6. (b) (continued)
(i) Determine the angle of refraction when the angle of incidence is
12.
(ii) Use the graph to predict the angle of refraction the student would
obtain for an angle of incidence of 80.
(c) Suggest why it would be good practice for the student to repeat the
investigation a further three or four times.
DO NOT
WRITE IN
THIS
MARGIN
*X757750117*
Page 17
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RTG
(b) Each decay produces heat that is transformed into 449 1014J of
electrical energy.
Determine the power output of the RTG.
Space for working and answer
*X757750118*
Page 18
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MARGIN
MARKS
7. (continued)
DO NOT
WRITE IN
THIS
MARGIN
*X757750119*
Page 19
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tissue
sample
*X757750120*
Page 20
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MARKS
8. (continued)
DO NOT
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MARGIN
(b) The beta source used during testing has a half-life of 36 hours.
The initial activity of the beta source is 12kBq.
Determine the activity of the source 144 hours later.
*X757750121*
Page 21
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Building
X
(a) By scale diagram, or otherwise, determine:
(i) the magnitude of the displacement of the student from point X to
point Y;
*X757750122*
Page 22
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MARKS
9. (continued)
DO NOT
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MARGIN
(ii) The student states that their average speed between point X and
point Y is greater than the magnitude of their average velocity
between point X and point Y.
Explain why the student is correct.
*X757750123*
Page 23
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MARKS
10. An air descender is a machine that controls the rate at which a climber drops
from a platform at the top of a climbing wall.
A climber, attached to the air descender by a rope, steps off the platform and
drops towards the ground and lands safely.
air descender
air descender
platform
rope
not to scale
ground
The graph shows how the vertical velocity of the climber varies with time
from the instant the climber leaves the platform until landing.
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
05
00
00 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
time (s)
*X757750124*
Page 24
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MARKS
10. (continued)
(a) Calculate the acceleration of the climber during the first 14s of the
drop.
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MARGIN
(b) Calculate the distance the climber drops during the first 30s.
(c) During part of the drop the forces on the climber are balanced.
On the diagram below show all the forces acting vertically on the climber
during this part of the drop.
You must name these forces and show their directions.
*X757750125*
Page 25
[Turn over
[BLANK PAGE]
DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE
*X757750126*
Page 26
MARKS
11. The length of runway required for aircraft to lift off the ground into the air is
known as the ground roll.
DO NOT
WRITE IN
THIS
MARGIN
path of aircraft
aircraft
runway
ground roll
The ground roll of an aircraft varies for each take-off.
*X757750127*
Page 27
[Turn over
MARKS
12.
main structure
solar arrays
The main structure of the Rosetta spacecraft consists of an orbiter, a lander
and propellant.
Rosetta spacecraft data
Orbiter
Lander
Propellant
123 103 kg
010 103 kg
167 103 kg
Total
300 103 kg
Energy source
850 W at 34 AU
395 W at 525 AU
Trajectory control
24 Thrusters
10 N of force each
Launch mass
(ii) Suggest why the solar arrays were designed so that they can rotate.
*X757750128*
Page 28
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MARKS
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MARGIN
(c) At a point on its journey between Earth and the comet, the spacecraft
was travelling at a constant velocity.
(i) The spacecraft switched on four of its thrusters to accelerate it in
the direction of travel.
The four thrusters exerted a force on the spacecraft in the same
direction.
Determine the total force produced by these thrusters.
(ii) At this point, the spacecraft had used 100 103kg of propellant.
Calculate the acceleration of the spacecraft.
*X757750129*
Page 29
MARKS
13. Read the passage and answer the questions that follow.
Supernova explosion
The average temperature of the surface of the Sun is 5778K. In the core
of the Sun energy is produced by nuclear fusion. Once the Sun has used all
its nuclear fuel it will collapse to form a white dwarf.
A star with a mass much larger than that of the Sun will end its life in an
enormous explosion called a supernova. The energy released in a
supernova explosion is more than a hundred times the energy that the
Sun will radiate over its entire 10 billion year lifetime.
In our galaxy, the star Betelgeuse is predicted to explode in a supernova.
Betelgeuse has a mass of around 8 times the mass of the Sun. Even though
Betelgeuse is 640 light-years from Earth, the supernova will be as bright
as a full moon at night in our sky.
(a) State what is meant by the term nuclear fusion.
(b) Determine the average temperature of the surface of the Sun in degrees
Celsius.
*X757750130*
Page 30
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13. (continued)
(c) Show that the distance from Earth to Betelgeuse is 61 1018m.
*X757750131*
Page 31
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*X757750132*
Page 32
MARKS
variable
resistor
A
R
air
Perspex
ray of
red light
*X757750133*
Page 33
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THIS
MARGIN
MARKS
*X757750134*
Page 34
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MARGIN
MARKS
*X757750135*
Page 35
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Section 2 Question 1 Piotr Krzeslak/shutterstock.com
Section 2 Question 13 - AstroStar/shutterstock.com
*X757750136*
Page 36
N5
National
Qualications
2016
X757/75/11
Physics
Relationships Sheet
TUESDAY, 24 MAY
1:00PM3:00PM
*X7577511*
A/PB
E p = mgh
d = vt
Ek = 12 mv 2
v = f
Q = It
T=
V = IR
RT = R1 + R2 + ...
1
1
1
=
+
+ ...
RT R1 R2
E
m
H
t
s = vt
E
t
d =vt
s= vt
P = IV
a=
P=I R
v u
t
W = mg
V2
R
F = ma
E h = cm T
p=
D=
H=
V1 R1
=
V2 R2
P=
N
t
H = DwR
R2
Vs
V2 =
R
R
+
2
1
P=
A=
E w = Fd
F
A
E h = ml
pV
= constant
T
p1V1 = p 2V 2
p1 p 2
=
T1 T2
V1 V 2
=
T1 T2
Page 02
Additional Relationships
Circle
circumference = 2r
area = r 2
Sphere
area = 4r 2
volume =
4
3
r 3
Trigonometry
sin =
cos =
tan =
opposite
hypotenuse
adjacent
hypotenuse
opposite
adjacent
sin2 + cos2 = 1
Page 03
Group 1
(1)
Group 2
Key
Atomic number
H
Symbol
Group 0
Hydrogen
Be
(2)
Cr
24
2,8,13,2
Mn
25
2,8,14,2
Fe
26
2,8,15,2
Co
27
2,8,16,2
Ni
28
2,8,18,1
Cu
29
2,8,18,2
Zn
30
(12)
Gallium
2,8,18,3
Ga
31
Aluminium
2,8,3
Al
13
Boron
2,3
(13)
Germanium
2,8,18,4
Ge
32
Silicon
2,8,4
Si
14
Carbon
2,4
(14)
Arsenic
2,8,18,5
As
33
Phosphorus
2,8,5
15
Nitrogen
2,5
(15)
Selenium
2,8,18,6
Se
34
Sulfur
2,8,6
16
Oxygen
2,6
(16)
53
Bromine
2,8,18,7
Br
35
Chlorine
2,8,7
Cl
17
Fluorine
2,7
(17)
54
Krypton
2,8,18,8
Kr
36
Argon
2,8,8
Ar
18
Neon
2,8
Ne
10
Group 7
3
2,2
23
2,8,13,1
Zinc
52
Group 6
Li
Beryllium
Copper
51
Group 5
2,1
12
22
2,8,11,2
Nickel
50
Group 4
Lithium
Mg
Ti
Cobalt
49
Group 3
(18)
11
2,8,2
21
2,8,10,2
Iron
48
He
Na
Magnesium
Sc
Manganese
47
(5)
Name
(6)
(8)
Transition Elements
(7)
Xe
Helium
2,8,1
20
2,8,9,2
Chromium
46
Electron arrangement
Sodium
Ca
Vanadium
45
(11)
19
2,8,8,2
Titanium
Rh
(10)
K
Scandium
44
(9)
2,8,8,1
Calcium
Ru
(4)
(3)
Potassium
43
Tc
Te
42
2,8,18,
18,8
86
Xenon
2,8,18,
18,7
Iodine
2,8,18,
18,6
Tellurium
Sb
Mo
Sn
41
Nb
In
40
Cd
39
Ag
38
Pd
Sr
Zr
37
2,8,18,
18,4
Antimony
85
Rn
84
At
83
Po
2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32,
18,9,2
32,10,2
32,11,2
32,12,2
32,13,2
32,14,2
32,15,2
32,17,1
32,18,1
32,18,2
Pb
Bi
Au
2,8,18,
18,5
Rb
2,8,18,
18,3
Tl
2,8,18,
18,2
Hg
2,8,18,
18,1
Rhodium
Pt
2,8,18,
18,0
Ir
77
2,8,18,
12,1
Os
2,8,18,
10,2
75
2,8,18,9,2
Re
2,8,18,8,1 2,8,18,8,2
74
Tin
Niobium
71
Indium
73
Lu
Cadmium
Zirconium
Ta
70
Silver
Yttrium
72
Polonium
Yb
Palladium
Strontium
Hf
69
Rubidium
57
Bismuth
Tm
Radon
2,8,18,
32,18,8
68
Ce
Astatine
Er
2,8,18,
32,18,7
67
2,8,18,
32,18,6
Ho
La
Thulium
Ytterbium
Lutetium
Terbium
Erbium
Gadolinium
Holmium
Europium
Dysprosium
Samarium
98
Cerium
Cf
Lanthanum
97
Lr
Bk
103
96
No
Cm
102
95
101
Am
Md
94
100
Pu
Fm
93
99
Np
Es
92
90
91
Th
Pa
89
Berkelium
Ac
Curium
2,8,18,21, 2,8,18,22, 2,8,18,23, 2,8,18,24, 2,8,18,25, 2,8,18,25, 2,8,18,27, 2,8,18,28, 2,8,18,29, 2,8,18,30, 2,8,18,31, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32,
8,2
8,2
8,2
8,2
8,2
9,2
8,2
8,2
8,2
8,2
8,2
8,2
9,2
Lead
66
82
La
Thallium
Dy
65
81
56
112
Mercury
Tb
80
Ba
111
Gold
64
79
55
110
Platinum
Gd
78
Cs
109
Iridium
63
2,8,18,
32,18,5
108
Osmium
Eu
2,8,18,
32,18,4
107
Rhenium
Hs
62
2,8,18,
32,18,3
106
Tungsten
Hassium
Sm
2,8,18,
32,18,2
105
Tantalum
Bh
61
2,8,18,
32,18,1
104
Hafnium
Bohrium
Pm
2,8,18,
32,11,2
89
Lanthanum
Sg
60
Cn
Db
Seaborgium
Nd
Rg
Rf
Dubnium
59
Ds
Ac
Rutherfordium
Pr
Mt
Actinium
58
2,8,18,18, 2,8,18,32,
9,2
10,2
88
Barium
Ra
2,8,18,18, 2,8,18,18,
8,1
8,2
87
Caesium
Fr
Radium
2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32,
18,8,1
18,8,2
57
2,8,18,
20,8,2
Lanthanides
Francium
2,8,18,
18,9,2
Actinides
Americium
Mendelevium
Plutonium
Fermium
Neptunium
Protactinium
Uranium
Thorium
Californium Einsteinium
Nobelium
Lawrencium
2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32, 2,8,18,32,
18,9,2
18,10,2
20,9,2
21,9,2
22,9,2
24,8,2
25,8,2
25,9,2
27,8,2
28,8,2
29,8,2
30,8,2
31,8,2
32,8,2
32,9,2
Actinium
Page 04