REINFORCED CONCRETE

VOL. II

[ ELEMENTRY REINFORCED C O N C R E T E ]

By
Dr. H. J. Shah
Edition
ISBN
Size
Binding
Pages

: 5th Revised and Enlarged Edition : 2008

: 978 - 81 - 85594 - 73 - 6
: 170 mm 240 mm
: Paperback with Four color Jacket Cover
: 672 + 20

` 170.00
Charotar

About the book

This volume elucidates the designs of various types of foundation and structures like retaining
walls, water tanks,various typs of slabs, multi - storyed buildings formwork, detaining of
reinforcements and elements of prestressed concrete, based on latest Indian standards mainly
using Limit State Method. A complete multi-storeyed building design example is also included.

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Simple, lucid and easy language

Professional approach to designs
Step-by-step treatment
Comprehensive presentation
Exposition to practical problems
Excellent detailing

This book contains :

* 258
* 81
* 86
* 70
* 51

Self explanatory and neat diagrams

Fully solved designs/problem
Examples for practice
Useful tables
Short questions with answers.

It is hoped that the book will satisfy the needs of the students preparing for Degree Examinations
in Civil Engineering as well as for professional Examinations conducted by various Boards
of Technical Education, It should also be of an immense use to practising Civil/ Strutural
Engineers.

CONTENT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

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DESIGN OF FOUNDATIONS : FUNDAMENTALS

ISOLATED FOOTINGS
COMBINED FOOTINGS
PILE FOUNDATIONS
RETAINING WALLS
CIRCULAR SLABS
FLAT SLABS
DOMES
WATER TANKS : FUNDAMENTALS
CIRCULAR TANKS
RECTANGULAR TANKS
MULTI - STOREYED BUILDINGS : FUNDAMENTALS
LOAD CALCULATION - II
RIBBBED SLABS AND WAFFLE SLABS
BEAMS CURVED IN PLAN
ELEVATED WATER TANKS
INTZE TANK
MULTI -STOREYED BUILDING : DESIGN EXAMPLE
FORM WORK
DETAILING OF REINFORCEMENT
ELEMENTS OF PRESTRESS CONCRETE

Checklist
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Chapter 1 : DESIGN OF FOUNDATIONS :

FUNDAMENTALS
1-1 Introductory
1-2 Classification of foundations
1-3 Aspects of soil design
1-4 General design considerations
1-5 Footing for eccentrically loaded columns Soil design
1-6 Types of footings
1-7 General design considerations
1-8 Concrete pedestal
1-9 Transfer of load at the base of column

Table 1-1 DEVELOPMENT LENGTHS OF COLUMN BARS

Examples
Chapter 2 : ISOLATED FOOTINGS
2-1 Introductory
2-2 Wall footings
2-3 Axially loaded pad footing
2-4 Axially loaded sloped footing
2-5 Eccentrically loaded footings
2-6 Isolated slab and beam type footing
2-7 Resistance to horizontal loads

Examples
Chapter 3 : COMBINED FOOTINGS
3-1 Combined footings
3-2 Strap footings
3-3 Strip footings

Table 3-1 CALCULATIONS OF DESIGN FOR FLEXURE

Table 3-2 THE SHEAR DESIGN CALCULATIONS
3-4 Raft foundation
3-5 Closure

Examples
Chapter 4 : PILE FOUNDATIONS
4-1 Introductory
4-2 Loads on pile groups

Table 4-1 TOTAL LOADS IN PILES
4-3 Soil design of a pile
4-4 Structural design of a pile General. Handling Stresses. Main

reinforcement. Ties Spreaders (forks)
4-5 Design of a pile cap. General

Examples
Chapter 5 : RETAINING WALLS
5-1 Introductory
5-2 Types of retaining walls
5-3 Earth pressure on walls
5-4 Calculation of earth pressure
5-5 Earth pressure of submerged soil
5-6 Earth pressure due to surcharge
5-7 Drainage of retaining walls
5-8 Stability requirements
5-9 Preliminary proportioning of cantilever retaining wall
5-10 Design of a cantilever retaining wall

Table 5-1 STABILITYCALCULATIONS

Table 5-2 STABILITY CALCULATIONS
5-11 Counter fort wall
5-12 Stability and design procedure

Table 5-3 STABILITY CALCULATIONS

Examples
Chapter 6 : CIRCULAR SLABS
6-1 Introductory
6-2 Analysis

Examples

Chapter 7 : FLAT SLABS

7-1 Introductory
7-2 Column and middle strips
7-3 Proportioning of flat slab elements
7-4 Limitations of direct design method
7-5 Distribution of moments in slabs
7-6 Effect of pattern loading

Table 7-1 MINIMUM PERMISSIBLE VALUES OF ac
7-7 Transfer of floor loads into columns
7-8 Design for shear
7-9 Provision of reinforcement
7-10 Openings in flat slabs
7-11 Moments in columns

Table 7-2 REINFORCEMENT ALONG LONG SPAN

Table 7-3 REINFORCEMENT ALONG SHORT SPAN

Table 7-4 REINFORCEMENT ALON LONG/SHORT SPAN

Examples
Chapter 8 : DOMES
8-1 Introductory
8-2 Stresses in domes
8-3 Formulae for forces in spherical domes

Table 8-1 COEFFICIENTS OF MERIDIONAL AND HOOP

FORCES FOR SPHERICAL DOME
8-4 Design of a spherical dome
8-5 Working stress method of design

Table 8-2 FORCES IN DOME AT DIFFERENT ANGLE q

8-6 Formulae for forces in conicaldomes

Examples
Chapter 9 : WATER TANKS : FUNDAMENTALS
9-1 Introductory
9-2 Special considerations

Table 9-1 PERMISSIBLE STRESSE IN STEEL REINFORCEMENT

FORSTRENGTH CALCULATIONS

Table 9-2 PERMISSIBLE CONCRETE STRESSES IN

CALCULATIONS ELATING TO RESISTANCE TO

CRACKING

Table 9-3 MINIMUM REINFORCEMENT FOR LIQUID

RETAINING STRUCTURES
9-3 Members subjected to axial tension only

Table 9-4 MINIMUM THICKNESS OF MEMBERS IN

DIRECT TENSION (UNCRACKED CONDITION)
9-4 Members subjected to B.M. only

Table 9-5 MEMBERS IN BENDING COEFFICIENTS FOR

BALANCED DESIGN

Table 9-6 BALANCED DESIGN FACTORS FOR MEMBERS

IN BENDING FORM 20 GRADE CONCRETE MIX
9-5 Members subjected to combined axial tension and bending moment

Examples
Chapter 10 : CIRCULAR TANKS
10-1 Introductory
10-2 Circular tanks with flexible joint at the base
10-3 Circular tanks with restrained base and roof

Table 10-1 TENSION IN CIRCULAR RING WALL, FIXED BASE,

FREE TOP AND SUBJECT TO TRIANGULAR LOAD

Table 10-2 MOMENTS IN CYLINDRICAL WALL,FIXED BASE,

FREE TOP AND SUBJECT TO TRIANGULAR

LOAD

Table 10-3 SHEAR AT BASE OF CYLINDRICAL WALL

Table 10-4 TENSION IN CIRCULAR RING WALL, HINGED

BASE, FREE TOP AND SUBJECT TO TRIANGULAR

LOAD

Table 10-5 MOMENTS IN CYLINDRICAL WALL, HINGED

BASE, FREE TOP AND SUBJECT TO TRAPEZOIDAL

LOAD

Table 10-6 REINFORCEMENT FOR HOOP TENSION

Table 10-7 REINFORCEMENT FOR BENDING MOMENT

Examples

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Chapter 11 : RECTANGULAR TANKS

11-1 Behaviour and design

Examples
Chapter 12 : MULTI-STOREYED BUILDINGS :
FUNDAMENTALS
12-1 Framed buildings
12-2 Loads
12-3 Low-rise, medium rise and tall buildings
12-4 Braced, unbraced and dual structures
12-5 Structural layout
12-6 Analysis
12-7 Gravity loads analysis
12-8 Wind and earthquake load analysis
12-9 Design of floor
12-10 Analysis and design of columns
12-11 Tie beams and ground beams
12-12 Footings
12-13 Computer methods
12-14 Conclusion
Chapter 13 : LOAD CALCULATIONS - II
13-1 Introduction, Gravity Loads
13-2 Determining column gravity loads
13-3 Area method
13-4 Beam reaction method

Table 13-1 COLUMN LOADS (kN) FOR CAL FLOOR
13-5 Live load reduction
13-6 Column load calculations

Table 13-23 GRAVITY LOADS ON COLUMNS (C5, C8,C9,

C12) FOR DL + LL AND DL + LL + WL CASES

IN kN

Table 13-13 GRAVITY LOADS ON COUMNS (C6, C7, C10,

C11) FOR DL + LL AND DL + LL +WL CASES

IN kN

Table 13-4 DL + LL FOR EARTH QUAKE CALCULATIONS

(C5, C8,C9,C12) IN kN

Table 13-5 DL + LL FOR EARTHQUAKE CALCULATIONS

(C6,C7, C10,C11) IN kN
13-7 Substitute frame

WIND LOADS
13-8 Wind pressure on buildings

Table 13-6 RISK COEFFICIENTS FOR DIFFEENT CLASSES

OF STRUCTURES IN DIFFERENT WIND SPEED

ZONES

Table 13-7 K2 FACTORS TO OBTAIN DESIGN WIND SPEED

VARIATION WITH HEIGHT IN DIFFEENT FOR

DIFFERENT CLASSES OF BUILDINGS /

STRUCTURES
13-9 Wind loads on building

Table 13-8 DESIGN WIND PRESSURES

Table 13-9 CALCULATION OF WIND LOAD POINT LOADS
13-10 Earthquake loads

Table 13-10 BASIC HORIZONTAL SEISMIC COEFFICIENT

IN DIFFERENT ZONES

Table 13-11 EARTHQUAKE POINT LOADS AND SHEAR

CALCULATIONS
13-11 Analysis of a frame subjected to wind or earthquake loads
13-12 The portal method
13-13 The cantilever method
13-14 Closure
Chapter 14 : RIBBED SLABS AND WAFFLE SLABS
RIBBED SLABS
14-1 Introductory
14-2 Proportioning the dimensions
14-3 Analysis and design procedure Waffle Slabs
14-4 Two-way spanning ribbed slabs : Waffle slabs

Examples

Chapter 15 : BEAMS CURVED IN PLAN

15-1 Introductory
15-2 Circular beam

Table 15-1 COEFFICIENTS FOR BEAM CIRCULAR IN PLAN
15-3 Circular arc fixed at ends

Table 15-2 VALUES OF MC/wR2 FOR CIRCULAR ARC FIXED

AT ENDS AND LOADED WITH UNIFORM LOAD
15-4 Design of beams curved in plan

Examples
Chapter 16 : ELEVATED WATER TANKS
16-1 Introductory
16-2 Design of elevated tanks

Examples
Chapter 17 : INTZE TANK
17-1 Introductory
17-2 Analysis and design

Table 17-1 REINFORCEMENT IN CYLINDRICAL WALL

Table 17-2 WIND FORCES ON CONTAINER AND STAGING

Table 17-3 CHECKING OF COLUMN DESIGN FOR WIND

LOADS

Examples
Chapter 18 : MULTI-STOREYED BUILDING : DESIGN
EXAMPLE
18-1 Requirements of the example
18-2 Global and local axes

[A] Unit load calculations

[B] Column gravity load calculations using beam - reaction method

TABLE 18-1 COLUMN LOADS FROM TERRACE

TABLE 18-2 COLUMN LOADS FROM TYPICAL FLOOR

TABLE 18-3 COLUMN DESIGN LOAD CACULATIONS FOR

DL + LL AND DL + LL + WL CASES COLUMNS

C1, C4,C13, C16

TABLE 18-4 COLUMN DESIGN LOAD CALCULATIONS FOR

DL + LL + EL CASES COLUMNS C1, C4, C13, C16

TABLE 18-5 COLUMN DESIGN LOAD CALCULA TIONS

DL+ LL AND DL + LL + WL FOR CASES

COLUMNS C2, C3,C14, C15 AND C5, C8, C9, C12

TABLE 18-6 COLUMN DESIGN LOAD CALCULATIONS FOR DL

+ LL + EL CASES COLUMNS C2, C3, C14, C15

AND C5, C8,C9, C12

TABLE 18-7 COLUMN DESIGN LOAD CALCULATIONS FOR

DL + LL AND DL + LL + WL CASES - COLUMNS

C6, C7, C10, C11

TABLE 18-8 COLUMN DESIGN LOAD CALCULATIONS FOR DL

+ LL+ EL CASES COLUMNS C6, C7, C10, C11

[C] Wind load analysis

TABLE 18-9 DESIGN WIND PRESSURES

TABLE 18-10 CALCULATION OF WIND LOAD POINT LOADS :

EXTER-NAL FRAME [D] Earth quake load
analysis

TABLE 18-11 DISTRIBUTION OF BASE SHEAR : EARTH QUAKE

LOADS : EXTERNAL FRAME

TABLE 18-12 DISTRIBUTION OF BASE SHEAR : EARTH - QUAKE

LOADS : INTERNAL FRAME [E] Gravity load
analysis [F] Design data for columns

TABLE 18-13 DESIGN DATA FOR COLUMNS C1, C4, C13 AND C16

TABLE 18-14 DESIGN DATA FOR COLUMNS C2, C3, C14 AND C15

TABLE 18-15 DESIGN DATA FOR COLUMNS C5, C8, C9 AND C12

TABLE18-16 DESIGN DATA FOR COLUMNS C6, C7,C10 AND C11

TABLE 18-17 FLEXURE DESIGN FOR BEAM B4 B5 B6

TABLE 18-18 SHEAR DESIGN FOR BEAM B4 B5 B6 [J]

Design of footings

TABLE 18-19 COMPARISON OF FACTORED FOUNDATION

LOADS

TABLE 18-20 DESIGN OF ISOLATED SLOPED FOOTINGS

(M 15 CONCRETE, FE 415 STEEL) [K] Drawings
18-3 Closure

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Chapter 19 : FORM WORK

19-1 Introductory
19-2 Requirements for good form work
19-3 Materials for forms
19-4 Choice of form work
19-5 Loads on form work
19-6 Permissible stresses for timber

TABLE 19-1 MINIMUM PERMISSIBLE STRESS LIMITS IN

THREE GROUPS OF STRUCTURAL TIMBERS

(FOR GRADE 1 MATERIAL)

TABLE 19-2 MODIFICATION FACTOR K1 TO ALLOW FOR

CHANGE IN SLOPE OF GRAIN

TABLE 19-3 MODIFICATION FACTOR K2 FOR CHANGE IN

DURATION OF LOADING
19-7 Design of form work
19-8 Shuttering for columns
19-9 Shuttering for beam and slab floor
19-10 Practical considerations
19-11 Erection of forms
19-12 Action prior to and during concreting
19-13 Striking of forms

Examples

Chapter 20 : DETAILING OF REINFORCEMENT

20-1 Introduction
20-2 General informations for drawing
20-3 Drafting

Table 20-1 FOOTING SCHEDULE
20-4 Columns framing plan and foundation details

Table 20-2 COLUMN SCHEDULE
20-5 Columns details
20-6 Slabs and beams details
20-7 Closure
Chapter 21 : ELEMENTS OF PRESTRESS CONCRETE
21-1 Introduction
21-2 Methods of prestressing
21-3 Advantages and disadvantages of prestressed concrete
21-4 Materials used for prestressed concrete
21-5 Prestressing applied to rectangular beams Stress calculations
21-6 Sloping tendon
21-7 Losses in prestress

Table 21-1 RELAXATION LOSSES FOR PRESTRESSING

STEEL AT 1000c HOUSE AT 27C
21-8 Closure Questions

Examples

APPENDICIES

APPENDIXA SHORT QUESTIONS

APPENDIXB USEFUL TABLES

Table B-1 PROPERTIES OF ROUND BARS USED AS

REINFORCEMENT

Table B-2 AREAS OF BARS IN SLABS

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