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Brooker - Genetica
The steps in their protocol are shown in Figure EG19.1.2. As described here, the researchers made a synthetic somatostatin gene
that was flanked by unique restriction sites and had a methionine
Figure EG19.1.1
THE GOAL
The researchers wanted to produce human somatostatin in a recombinant bacterium.
Starting material: A normal E. coli strain that was unable to synthesize somatostatin, and bacterial plasmids that carry the ampR gene
THE DATA
Plasmid Strain
Correct orientation
Incorrect orientation
As shown in the data table, recombinant bacteria carrying the somatostatin gene in the correct orientation produced this hormone. The
amount of somatostatin varied from 8 to 320 picograms per milligram of bacterial proteins. This variability could be attributed to
several factors, including protein degradation, incomplete cyanogen
bromide cleavage, and unknown genetic changes in the plasmids
during bacterial cell growth. In spite of this variability, the exciting
result was the production of a human hormone in recombinant bacteria. By comparison, the plasmid with the incorrect orientation did
not produce a significant amount of the hormone. This study was
the first demonstration that recombinant bacteria could make products encoded by human genes. At the time, this was a major breakthrough that catalyzed the growth of the biotechnology industry!