QUANTITY SURVEYING AND

ESTIMATION
LECTURE 1
Dr. Muhammad Ashraf Javid
(email address: ashraf.javid@nu.edu.pk)
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering
National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Lahore Campus

OBJECTIVES OF COURSE
To enhance the ability of students to learn the
various principles of computations related to
quantity surveying.
To enhance skill of students in preparing detail
estimates and bill of quantities for various civil
engineering projects.
To familiarize students with tender and contract
documents.

COURSE CONTENTS

Scope
Scope of civil engineering works, General practice in
government departments for rates, and specifications,
rate analysis, Specifications for various items of
construction.
Bill of Quantities (BOQ) & Measurement Book (BK)
Types and methods of estimates, working out quantities,
rates and cost analysis of construction materials,
Contents and preparation of BOQ for different projects
like irrigation, roads, sanitary, buildings etc. and
maintaining of measurement books. Measurement,
specification and costing of site work, excavation,
backfill, concrete, masonry, carpentry, and finishes
works. Escalation, Contingency, Priced bill of Quantity.

COURSE CONTENTS

Tendering

Preparation of civil engineering contracts and tender documents,

evaluation of proposals and contracts.

Overview of Contract Law and Dispute Resolution

Contract express and implied terms, breach of contract, liability

for negligence, statuary and regulatory laws affecting
construction, rights and liabilities of project key stakeholders
Overview of engineering and professional registration, contractor
licensing, insurance and bonds.
Liquidated damages and penalty / bonus clauses.
Delays. Acceleration, suspension of work, termination,
Changes, claims, alternative dispute resolutions techniques

REFERENCE BOOKS
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Estimating and Costing in Civil Engineering by

S. Data (24th Ed.)
Estimating, Costing and Accounts by D.D. Kohl
(9th ed.)
Construction Contracts by Jimmie Hine (3rd
Ed.)
Construction Management and Machinery by
B.L. Gupta and Amity Gupta
Estimating Construction Costs by Robert L.
Purify and Gerald D. Oberlender
5

EVALUATION
Mid

term exams (20-30%)

End term exam (50%)
Quizzes (10-15%) - Absent mean zero marks
Assignments (0-5%) - late assignments will not
be entertained for any reason
Presentation (0-5%) - Absent mean zero marks
Attendance (0-5%) minimum 80% is required
Relative grading method will be considered
Minimum passing marks = 40
6

EXAM SCHEDULE

Quiz-1: March 12

Mid-I: as per date sheet

Lecture notes of Dr. Ashraf and Engr. Irfan Khalid
Quiz-2: April 16
Lecture notes of Dr. Ashraf and Engr. Irfan Khalid
Mid-II: as per date sheet
Lecture notes of Dr. Ashraf and Engr. Irfan Khalid
Quiz-3: after mid-II

Lecture notes of Dr. Ashraf and Engr. Irfan Khalid

There will be one presentation in groups (3-4 students) in place of

quiz 3.

Final Exam: as per date sheet

Selected Presentations
Lecture notes of Dr. Ashraf and Engr. Irfan Khalid
Full contents of Lab. Part covered by Engr. Irfan Ali

INTRODUCTION
THE ENGINEERING PROJECT
Project

Architectural
Works

Civil
works

Mechanical
Works

Electrical
Works

Types of Construction Projects :

-

Building construction
Roads Construction
Bridges (flyovers), and underpasses
Dams and barrages construction
Irrigation projects (canal lining)
Water supply Systems
Sewerage and Storm water systems
Transmission and telecommunication towers
Seaports, harbors and docks construction
9

MAIN STAGES IN CONSTRUCTION

PROJECT
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

11.
12.
13.

Concept : identify the project needs, and objectives

Technical studies as feasibility study, possibility of implementation,
primary cost, and possibility of financing ..etc.
Preliminary design
Detailed design including architectural, structural, electrical,
mechanical.
Tender documents.
Tendering
Contract Award
Contract agreement
Starting construction
Preliminary handing over the project
The operation of the project
10
Maintenance period
Project final handing over.

CONSTRUCTION PROJECT CYCLE

Full
Operations

Percent Complete

Installation Substantially
Com plete

Major Contracts
Let

Project "GO"
Decision

Stage I
F e a s a bilit y
- P ro ject Fo rmulatio n
- Feasabiltiy Studies
- Strategies Design &
A ppro val

Stage II
P la nning & D e s ign
- B ase Design
- Co st & Schedule
- Co ntract Terms &
Co nditio ns.
- Detailed P lanning

Stage III
C o ns t ruc t io n
- M anufacturing
- Delivery
- Civil Wo rk
- Installatio n
- Testing

Stage IV
T urno v e r
& S t a rt Up
- Final Testing
- M aintenance

Figure 1.1 : Construction Projects Life-Cycle (Ref: PMBK, 2000)

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TENDER DOCUMENTS

Invitation to bid
Instruction to bidders
Information to bidders & bid data
Biding forms
General conditions of contract
Specific conditions of contract
Specification
BOQ (bill of quantities)
Drawings
Contract forms

12

THE PROJECT PARTIES

The Employer /Owner / Client

The consultant: who appointed by the
employer to do the design and bidding
documents and supervise the construction
work.
The contractor: who was approved by the
employer to implement the works according
to the submitted bid.
13

OTHER PARTIES
Municipalities, ministries,
suppliers, technicians
Subcontracts, workers,
Insurance companies
Banks and other financing agencies.

14

CONSTRUCTION PROJECT
TEAMS
Main tasks for engineering teams in the project
are :
- design
- Implementation / construction
- supervision

15

RESOURCES OF CONSTRUCTION
INDUSTRY

Money
Insufficient money vs. delay in completion vs. escalation
Man
Skilled and unskilled manpower
Material
Cost of material is usually 50% of the project cost
Local availability of material is much important
Machine and equipment
Economical as per requirements of specific projects
Management
Function is to plan, organize, control and coordinate the
use of different resources to achieve the desired goal.

16

QUESTIONS?

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