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When Hashimotos is misdiagnosed as


bipolar disorder

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I receive many amazing stories from people around the country whose
lives were turned around by proper care for their Hashimotos.
However this story of a young woman who spent most of her thirties on

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practitioner

psychotropic drugs and underwent more than a dozen


electroconvulsive treatments while under anesthesia really struck a
chord. Her story, as told by her naturopath, follows.

Could Hashimotos flare-ups have


started her down a path of psych
meds and electroshock treatments?

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My patient Jeanette, 42, had been diagnosed seven years earlier by


her family physician with bipolar disorder. She had manic episodes of
staying up late at night, buzzing with energy and working on various
projects, and shopping to excess, spending money she and her
husband didnt have. After these energy surges she then would crash

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and fall into fatigue and depression. A friend suggested she might have
bipolar disorder and she brought this up with her family doctor, who
prescribed her two psychiatric drugs and referred her to a psychiatrist.
However her diagnosis was never re-evaluated and she eventually
ended up on eight different medications, including lithium and drugs for
depression, anxiety, panic attacks, and insomnia.
During her seven years of treatment she had also been hospitalized six
times for complications due to her medications or for manic episodes.
During the last hospitalization she had her gallbladder removed and
was diagnosed with high blood sugar and Hashimotos, an
autoimmune thyroid disease, and placed on thyroid hormone
medication. Prior to seeing me she received twelve or thirteen
electroconvulsive treatments under anesthesia during a six-month
period, as prescribed by her psychiatrist.

Uncontrollable tremors and flat affect


When Jeanette came to my office her hands and legs shook

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Thyroid Symptoms

uncontrollably, the result of a tremor that had developed recently. She


also had a flat affect, meaning she showed no emotion and her overall
mood was dull and low. She also said she struggled with extreme
fatigue.

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Given the precarious nature of her mental health and that fact that she had
had so many hospitalizations, I thought it prudent to start very slowly with
her case management.

Going gluten-free and dietary changes


Because of her Hashimotos diagnosis, the first thing I did was put her on an
autoimmune diet and remove gluten from her diet. I also asked her to
remove dairy and sugar and add in healthy fats, lots of vegetables, and to

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eat more frequently to keep her blood sugar stable. I supported her
nutritionally with essential fatty acids (including emulsified fish oil),
emulsified vitamin D, nutrients for insulin resistance (since her blood sugar
was high her last time in the hospital), and gallbladder support to give her

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the digestive support she needed since her gallbladder had been removed.

Gut detox and adrenal support


Immediately she started to notice improvement in how she felt. After
following the diet for several months, I put her on a gut detoxification
program with a hypoallergenic detox protein powder. I started her on
adrenal adaptogen herbs and nutrients as her salivary adrenal panel
showed an increase in cortisol and night. This means she was more awake
and night when she should be tired, which indicates a dysfunction in the
brains sleep-wake cycle. Adrenal adaptogens address this.

Supporting serotonin
I also gave her nutritional compounds to support serotonin activity based on
the results of a neurotransmitter assessment. [Note: Serotonin is a brain

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chemical responsible for feelings of joy and well being. Serotonin activity
can become compromised in hypothyroidism.] She also continued to work
on stabilizing her blood sugar with a lower-carb diet and by eating regularly
to avoid drops in blood sugar.

Dramatic turn around and now med-free


After starting this protocol she felt so much better she decided to stop taking
all of her medications, unbeknownst to me. But as it turns out her tremors
disappeared completely and she now sleeps great. Whereas before she
was emotionless and dull, she is now a bubbly, sweet, and energetic
person. Since going off her meds, however, her TSH has slowly climbed
and she will begin taking thyroid hormone medication. We will have her
progress gingerly with the dosage so as to avoid over stimulating her
metabolism.

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She currently feels great. In fact, she says she feels completely normal. She
and her husband rejoiced recently when she became angry and argued with him.
For seven years she had been so emotionless she never even got angry, and the
return of her anger was a sign of improving health.
Were not out of the woods yet. Although I do wonder if her bipolar diagnosis
wasnt simply misdiagnosed Hashimotos, given how common that is, we remain
vigilant of her symptoms and have a holistic psychiatrist on standby.
Nevertheless, I feel fortunate and grateful to have learned this information from
Dr. Kharrazian, Otherwise there would be no help for people like Jeanette.
Padeen Quinn, ND, Portland, Oregon

Why Hashimotos is mistaken for bipolar


disorder
Could eight medications, six hospitalizations, and a dozen electroconvulsive
treatments under anesthesia all have been the result of misdiagnosed
Hashimotos? If so, how many other people are enduring the same kind of
misguided treatment?
Its possible her bipolar symptoms were symptoms of Hashimotos, and
unfortunately such a mistake is common today given the medical
misunderstanding of Hashimotos. When autoimmune Hashimotos flares up, the
immune system attacks and destroys the thyroid gland. As the thyroid tissue is
destroyed, it spills excess thyroid hormone into the bloodstream. This causes
symptoms that can easily be confused with the manic episode of bipolar
disorder, such as hyperactivity, irritability, and an inability to sleep.
When the immune attack dies down, more thyroid tissue is lost and the person
returns to a hypothyroid state that frequently includes depression and fatigue,
which can look like the depressive state of bipolar disorder. Also for someone
who has gone a period of time without sleeping much and operating on
overdrive, a crash it to be expected.

Studies on Hashimotos and bipolar


Studies back up the connection between bipolar disorder and thyroid
disorders.[1] A 2009 study showed a high rate of Hashimotos disease in those
with bipolar disorder compared to the control group.[2] Additional studies have
shown that outcomes in treatment for bipolar disorder are poor unless a thyroid
condition is treated.[3] Bipolar is not only the mental disorder mixed up with
Hashimotos. Research shows a significant correlation between the presence of

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thyroid antibodies used to identify Hashimotos and mood and anxiety disorders,
including depression.[4] Subjects with Hashimotos disease show higher frequencies
of lifetime depressive episode, generalized anxiety disorders and social phobias.[5]
Complicating the issue is the fact that lithium, the drug used to treat bipolar,
suppresses thyroid function.

Why serotonin support often helps in


hypothyroidism
For Jeanette nutritional compounds to support serotonin activity also appear to have
helped her greatly. Serotonin is an important brain chemical, or neurotransmitter,
responsible for feelings of well-being and joy. This explains why poor serotonin activity
is one of the most common culprits in depression. As it turns out hypothyroidism can
decrease serotonin synthesis and the sensitivity of serotonin receptors,[6] giving one
of the symptoms of serotonin deficiency.[7] This can manifest as depression, seasonal
affective disorder (becoming depressed with lack of light), inner rage, paranoia, and a
general loss of pleasure in life. Whenever I get a patient with high TSH and low T4,
markers for hypothyroidism, I always assess whether poor serotonin activity is an
issue.
Addressing poor serotonin activity is beyond the scope of this article, however it is a
topic that will be included in my next book on brain chemistry. In the meantime, please
work with your practitioner if you feel you suffer from poor serotonin activity.
After six months of support for Hashimotos, her symptoms resolved and she is now
drug-free, with the exception of thyroid hormone medication. Was her bipolar disorder
simply misdiagnosed Hashimotos?

References
[1] Chang KD, Keck PEJR. Differences in thyroid function between bipolar manic and
mixed states. Biol Psychiatry. 1998 May 15;43(10):730-3.
[2] Kupka RW, Nolen WA, et al. High rate of autoimmune thyroiditis in bipolar disorder:
lack of association with lithium exposure. Biol Psychiatry. 2002 Feb 15;51(4):305-11.
[3] Cole DP, Thase ME, et al. Slower treatment response in bipolar depression
predicted by lower pretreatment thyroid function. Am J Psychiatry. 2002
Jan;159(1):116-21.
Frye MA, Denicoff KD, et al. Association Between Lower Serum Free T4 and Greater
Mood Instability and Depression in Lithium-Maintained Bipolar Patients. Am J
Psychiatry.156:1909-1914, December 1999.
[4] Carta MG, Loviselli A, et al. The link between thyroid autoimmunity (antithyroid

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peroxidase autoantibodies) with anxiety and mood disorders in the community: a field of
interest for public health in the future. BMC Psychiatry. 2004 Aug 18;4:25.
[5] Carta MG, Hardoy MC. A case control study on psychiatric disorders in Hashimotos
disease and euthyroid goitre: not only depressive but also anxiety disorders are associated
with thyroid autoimmunity. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2005 Nov 10;1:23.
[6] Kulikov AV, Zubkov EA. Chronic thyroxine treatment activates the 5-HT2A serotonin
receptor in the mouse brain. Neurosci Lett. 2007:416(3):307-309.
Bauer M, Heinz A, Whybrow PC. Thyroid hormones, serotonin and mood: of synergy and
significance in the adult brain. Mol Psychiatry. 2002;7(2):140-56.
Kulikov AV, Jeanningro R. The effects of hypothyroidism on 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors
and the serotonin transporter protein in the rat brain. Neurosci Behav Physiol.
2002;31(4):445-9.
Kulikov A, Moreau X, Jeanningros R. Effects of expiremental hypothyroism on 5-HT1A,
5-HT2A receptors, 5-HT uptake sites and tryptophan hydroxylase activity in mature rat
brain. Neuroendocrinology. 1999:69(6):453-9.
Tejani-Butt SM, Yang J, Kaviani A. Time course altered thyroid states on 5-HT1A receptors
and 5-HT uptake sites in rat brain: an autoradiographic analysis. Neuroendocrinology.
1993;57(6):1011-8.
[7] Sullo A, Brizzi G, Maffulli N. Serotonin effect on deiodinating activity in the rat. Can J
Physiol Pharmacol. 2003:81(7):747-51.

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