MR.

THIYAKU MARUTHA
CHAPTER 1: NUMBER BASES
\

1.1 Important concepts

Number Bases

Number in base
two
Only use digits 0
and 1.
Place value :
23222120

Number in base
eight
Only use digits 0,
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and
7,
Place value :
838 28180

Number in base
five
Only use digits 0,
1, 2, 3 and 4
Place value :
53525150

1.2 Number in base two

1.2.1 State the value of a digit of a number in base two.
Example:

11012
The value of a digit 1 is 1 2 3 = 8

Exercises :
1.

11002

2.

1101102

3.

1000102

4.

11101002

5.

1001002

6.

10111112

7.

101111102

8.

111101102

9.

101011002

10.

10001111002

1.2.2 Conversion of numbers in base two to the number in base ten.

Example : 1102 = (1 22) + (1 21) + (0 20)
=4 + 2 + 0
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NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

= 610
Exercises :
1.

1012

2.

11012

3.

11002

4.

11102

5.

10112

6.

11012

7.

101102

8.

110112

Example : 10012 =

1 0

= 8+1
= 910
9.

1011102

10.

1110002

11.

11001112

12.

10100112

14.

111011012

13. 101011012

1.2.3 Conversion of numbers in base ten to the number in base two.

Example : 2510
2
2
2
2
2

25 remainder
12
1
6
0
3
0
1
1
0
1

2510 = 110012
Exercises :
1.

1610

2.

2910

3.

3410

4.

3910

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NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

5.

4410

6.

4710

Example : 1210
8

44

1 1

1210 = 11002
7.

5510

8.

6810

9.

8710

10.

9410

11.

10110

12.

11710

1.3 Number in base eight

1.3.1 State the value of a digit of a number in base eight.
Example :

142
The value of a digit 4 is 4 8 0 = 4

Exercises :
1.

158

2.

248

3.

618

4.

1458

5.

3278

6.

3268

7.

25168

8.

34048

9.

16258

10.

46138

1.3.2 Conversion of numbers in base eight to the number in base ten.

Example: 268 = ( 2 81) + (6 80)
= 16 + 6
= 2210
Exercises:
1.

238

2.

348

3.

638

4.

718

5.

1248

6.

1568

7.

2708

8.

3748

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NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

Example : 458 =

51

= 32

+5
= 37
9.

2058

10.

2728

11.

3168

12.

3658

13. 5138

14.

6528

1.3.3 Conversion of numbers in base ten to the number in base eight.

Example: 1910
8
8

19 remainder
2
3
0
2

1910 = 238
Exercises :
1. 2610

2.

4910

3.

6410

4.

9910

5.

14410

6.

54710

Example : 1710
512

64

1710 = 218
7.

1910

8.

2410

9.

5710

10.

6410

11.

12110

12.

21710

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NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

1.4 Number in base five

1.4.1 State the value of a digit of a number in base five.
Example :

225

The value of a digit 2 is 2 5 1 = 10

Exercises :
1.

145

2.

235

3.

325

4.

445

5.

1015

6.

1245

7.

2405

8.

12125

9.

32045

10.

42215

1.4.2 Conversion of numbers in base five to the number in base ten.

Example: 1425 = ( 1 52) + ( 4 51) + ( 2 50)
= 25 + 20 + 2
= 4710
Exercises :
1.

135

2.

205

3.

315

4.

425

5.

2115

6.

3025

7.

31105

8.

43215

Example : 1245 =

125

25

= 25 + 10 + 4
= 3910
9.

125

10.

215

11

1045

12.

2305

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NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

.
13

22345

14.

42135

.
1.4.3 Conversion of numbers in base ten to the number in base five.
Example : 2810
5
5
5

28 remainder
5
3
1
0
0
1

2810 = 1035
Exercises :
1.

1610

2.

2910

3.

7710

4.

8510

5.

14410

6.

44710

Example : 1210
5

12

1210 = 225

7.

5610

8.

7810

9.

8710

10.

10410

11.

20110

12.

31710

1.5 Conversion of number in certain base to a number in another base.

1.5.1

Conversion of number in base two to the number in base eight.

Example : 111012
4

2 1

1 1
3

10 1
5

2 1

111012 = 358
1.

11012

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2.

10012
NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

3.

110012

4.

110112

5.

1001112

6.

1110102

7.

11011112

8.

11010002

9.

100111012

10

111101102

11

1001110112

12

10011101102

13

100111011012

14

1101010100112

1.5.2

Conversion of number in base eight to the number in base two.

Example: 27

8
2
4

7
1

0 1 0

1 1 1

278 = 101112
1.

258

2.

368

3.

518

4.

2028

5.

5368

6.

6438

7.

12358

8.

25718

9.

32248

10

60478

11

25508

12

51018

13

710018

14

562218

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NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

1.5.3

Conversion of number in base five to the number in base two.

Example : 145
2
2
2
2

145= 5 + 4
= 910
10012

9 remainder
4
1
2
0
1
0
0
1

145 =

910 =

Exercises :
1.

235

2.

435

3.

1345

4.

2125

5.

3015

6.

4235

1.5.4

Conversion of number in base five to the number in base eight.

Example : 145
14 5

5 +

= 910

8
8

9 remainder
1
1
0
1

145 = 910 = 118

Exercises :
1.

135

2.

335

3.

1245

4.

2215

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NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

5.

1.5.5

3105

6.

4135

Conversion of number in base two to the number in base five.

Example : 1112
111 2 =

4 +

2 +

5
5

= 710

7 remainder
1
2
0
1

710 = 125

Exercises :
1.

1012

2.

11102

3.

110112

4.

101102

5.

1110112

6.

1011112

1.5.6

Conversion of number in base eight to the number in base five.

Example : 168
16 8

8 +

= 1410

5
5

14 remainder
2
4
0
2

1410 = 245

Exercises :
1.

178

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2.

338

NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

3.

1748

4.

2218

5.

5108

6.

7138

1.5.7

Perform computations involving addition of two numbers in base two.

Example :

1 0 0 12
+

1 0 12
1 1 1 02

Exercises :
1.

1012 + 1102

2.

1112 + 11012

3.

101002 + 110112

4.

101102 + 11012

5.

1110112 + 101012

6.

1011112 + 101002

1.5.8

Perform computations involving subtraction of two numbers in base two.

Example :

1 0 0 12
-

1 0 12
1 0 02

Exercises :
1.

1012 - 102

2.

1112 - 1012

3.

101002 - 10112

4.

111102 - 101012

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NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

5.

1110112 - 1101012

6.

1101002 - 1011112

Objective Questions.
1. State the value of underlined digit in the in the
number 10101012.
A 4A
B 8
C 16
D 32

8.

2. State the value of underlined digit in the

number 13240 5.
A 75
A
B 375
C 1875
D 3

9. Express 110102 as a number in base

eight.
A 2A68
B 328
C 1228
D 11018

3. Express 110111 2 as a number in base

ten.
A 13
A 10
B 3110
C 5510
D 11010

10. Express 10 110 1012 as a number in base

eight.
A 2358
B 2648
C 2658
D 5518

4. Express 1548 as a number in base ten.

A 80
A 10
B 10810
C 86410
D 192510

Express 93210 as number in base

five.
A 1435
B 2125
C 22125
D 122125

11 Express 4028 as a number in base two.

A 110010
A
2
B 1100100102
C 10000102
D 1000000102

5. Express 4235 as a number in base

ten.
A 846
A 10
B 42310
C 11310
D 76510

12 Express 101102 as a number in base five.

A 225
B 425
C 445
D 40445

6. Express 126 10 as a number in base two.

A 111110
A
2

13 Express 4135 as a number in base two.

A 1001011
A
2

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NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

B 11101102
C 11111102
D 11111112

B 1000010112
C 1011002
D 11011002

7. Express 342810 as a number in base

eight.
A 544
A 8
B 4288
C 27428
D 65448
155Express 7( 82 ) + 5 as a number in base two.
A 11100011
A
2
B 110001012
C 11101012
D 1110001012
7

16 Express 2 + 2 + 1 as a number in base

eight.
A 19
A8
B 1338
C 2058
D 7208
17 Express 10 110 1012 as a number in base
eight.
A
2358
B
2648
C
2658
D
5518
18 Express 53 + 4 as a number in base five.
A
1045
B
3045
C
10045
D
30045
19 If y5 = 110 1112 , then y =
A
205
B
515
C
1605
D
2105

14 Express 5468 as a number in base five.

A 334
A 5
B 4135
C 24135
D 3415
22
Given that

x10 112 115 118 , find

the value of x.
A 15
A
B 16
C 17
D 18
23 If x 2 2 5 2 3 2 0 , then x =
A
B
C
D

101
A 0002
101 0012
110 0012
110 0112

24. 100102 + 1112 =

A
B
C
D

11101
A 2
110012
101012
100012

25. Given that x2 = 1012 + 1015 , find the

value of x.
A
11112
B
10 1112
C
11 1112
D
101 1112

20 If 20008 = x 10 which is x is integer, find

the value of x.
A 1600
A
B 2500
C 1024
D 8192

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NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

21. If x5 = 758 , then x =

A
61
B
211
C
221
D
111 101

PAST YEAR QUESTIONS

SPM 2003(Nov)
1. Express 11010101 2 as a number in base eight
325 8
A.
651 8
C.
625 8
2218
B.
D.
2.

11101 2 1110 2
1000112
A.
111001 2
B.

C.
D.

101111 2
1010112

SPM 2004(Nov)
3.

Express 5 3 3 as a number in base five

1035
10035
A.
C.
303 5
3003 5
B.
D.

4. 11011 2 111 2
100010 2
A.

C.

110011 2

101100 2

D.

111101 2

B.

SPM 2004(Jun)
5. What is the value of the digit 3, in base ten, in the number 372 8?
A.
48
C.
192
B.
64
D.
512
6. Convert 22 + 2(23 + 1) to a number in base eight
A.
158
C.
228
C.
268
D.
628
7. 110112 1012 =
A.
10102
B.
11102
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C.
D.

101102
100102
NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

SPM 2005(Nov)
8. 110001 2 10112
A.
B.

100100 2
100110 2

C.
D.

111010 2
111100 2

9. What is the value of the digit 2, in base ten, in the number 32415 ?
A.
B.

25
50

C.
D.

200
250

C.
D.

10112
11112

SPM 2005(Jun)
10. 100102 - 11012 =
A.
1012
B.
1112

11. Express 11101002 as a number in base eight

A.
1218
C.
4618
B
1648
D
7208
SPM 2006(Nov)
12. What is the value of the digit 2 in base ten, in the number 1203 5
A.
10
C.
200
B.
50
D.
250
13. 11001 2 1012
10012
A.
10000 2
B.

C.
D.

1101 2
10100 2

SPM 2006(Jun)
14. It is given that k10 = 1100012, where k is an integer. Find the value of k.
A.
B.

48
49

15. 1012 + 10012 =

A.
11102
B.
11002

C.
D.

97
98

C.
D.

100002
100112

SPM 2007(Jun)
16. Express 7 x 83 + 2 x 82 + 8 as a number in base eight.
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NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

A.
B.

127 8
3270 8

C.
D.

721 8
7210 8

C.

1110102
D.
1110002

17. 11012 + 1111012 =

A.
B.

1100002
10010102

SPM 2007(Nov)
18. 1100102 - 111012 =
A.
1011012C.
B.
110002
19.

1001012
D.
101012

Given 3 x 53 + 4 x 52 + 5y = 3420 5 . Find the value of y.

A.
0
C.
3
B
2
D
4

SPM 2008(Jun)
20. Convert 324 8 to a number in base two.
A.

100001011 2

C.

B.

100010011 2

D.

21. 101002 - 11112 =

A.
1012
B.

1112

11001100 2
11010100 2

C.

10012

D.

10112

C.

101002

D.

101102

SPM 2008(Nov)
22. 101012 - 112 =
A.
100002
B.

100102

23. Convert 204 8 to a number in base five.

A.
1012 5
C.
1304 5
B.

2101 5

D.

4031 5

PREPARED BY
15 | P a g e

MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

Bsc. Actuarial Science & Statistics
(Hons) University Malaya

NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

ANSWERS
Chapter 18 Number Bases
1.2.1
1. 4
6. 16

2. 16
7. 32

3. 0
8. 16

4. 64
9. 0

5. 4
10. 32

1.2.2
1. 5
6. 13
11. 103

2. 13
7. 22
12. 83

3. 12
8. 27
13. 173

4. 14
9. 46
14. 237

5. 11
10. 56

1.2.3
1. 10000
6. 101111
11. 1100101

2. 11101
7. 110111
12. 1110101

3. 100010
8. 1000100

4. 100111
9. 1010111

5. 101100
10. 1011110

1.3.1
1. 5
6. 16

2. 4
7. 320

3. 1
8. 512

4. 32
9. 512

5. 16
10. 2048

1.3.2
1. 19
6. 110
11. 206

2. 28
7. 184
12. 245

3. 51
8. 252
13. 331

4. 57
9. 133
14. 426

5. 84
10. 186

1.3.3
1. 32
6. 1043
11. 171

2. 61
7. 23
12. 331

3. 100
8. 30

4. 143
9. 71

5. 220
10. 100

1.4.1
1. 4
6. 10

2. 3
7. 0

3. 15
8. 50

4. 20
9. 375

5. 25
10. 500

1.4.2
1. 8
6. 77
11. 29

2. 10
7. 405
12. 65

3. 16
8. 586
13. 219

4. 22
9. 7
14. 558

5. 56
10. 11

1.4.3
1. 31
6. 3242

2.
7.

3. 302
8. 303

4. 320
9. 322

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104
211

5. 1034
10. 404
NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

11. 1031
1.5.1
1. 15
6. 72
11. 473

1.5.2
1.
4.
7.
10.
13.

12. 2232
2.
7.
12

11
157
1166

3. 31
8. 150
13. 2355

10101
10000010
1010011101
110000100111
111001000000001

2.
5.
8.
11.
14.

4. 33
9. 235
14. 6523

11110
101011110
10101111001
10010010000
101110010010001

5. 47
10. 366

3.
6.
9.
12.

101001
110100011
11010010100
101001000001

1.5.3
1. 1101
6. 1110001

2.

10111

3. 101100

4. 111001

5. 1001100

1.5.4
1. 1000
6. 1101100

2.

10010

3. 100111

4. 111101

5. 1010000

1.5.5
1. 10
6. 142

2.

24

3. 102

4. 42

5 214

1.5.6
1. 30
6. 3314

2.

102

3. 444

4. 1040

5. 2303

1.5.7
1. 1011
6. 1000011

2.

10100

3. 101111

4. 100011

5. 1010000

1.5.8
1. 11
6. 101

2.

10

3. 1001

4. 1001

5. 110

Objective questions
1. C
2.
6. C
7.
11. D
12.
16. C
17.
21. C
22.

B
D
B
C
D

SPM QUESTIONS
1. C
2. D
7. C
8. B
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3.
8.
13.
18.
23.

3. C
9. B

C
D
D
A
B

4.
9.
14.
19.
24.

4. A
10. A

B
B
C
D
B

5. C
11. B

5.
10.
15.
20.
25.

C
C
D
C
A

6. B
12. B
NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA

13. A
19. A

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14. B
20. B

15. A
21. A

16. D
22. B

17. C
23. A

18. D

NUMBER BASES
MR. THIYAKU MARUTHA