A

IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
MC LC
PHN A - NH L THNG NHT 1: CC TR LIN QUAN N R THAY I .... 2
1. R thay i lin quan n cc tr...................................................................................... 2
PHN B NH L THNG NHT 2 - CC TR LIN QUAN N L, C THAY I
ULmax, UCmax ......................................................................................................................... 16
1. Khi L thay i ULmax. .................................................................................................... 16
2. Khi L thay i lin quan n UCmax.............................................................................. 18
PHN C - BI TON LIN QUAN N L,C THAY I URLmax,URCmax............... 37
1. Khi L thay i URLmax. .................................................................................................. 37
2. Khi C thay i URCmax................................................................................................... 39
Phn D BHD-2-3-4: BI TON CC TR LIN QUAN N TN S GC ........ 44
1. in p hiu dng trn cun cm t cc i. ...................................................... 44
2. in p hiu dng trn t in t cc i............................................................. 45
max
3. Mch RLC khi tn s gc thay i U RL
. ....................................................... 68
PHN E NH L BHD5 - HAI GI TR CA X CHO CNG UX = KU . .................. 76

1. Mch RLC, khi R thay i th mch tiu th cng sut cng sut cc i Pmax
.Nu hai gi tr R1 v R2 mch tiu th cng sut P. ................................... 77
2. Mch RLC, khi L thay i th U Lmax . Nu hai gi tr L1 v L2 U L k .U
.............................................................................................................................................78
3.Mch RLC, khi C thay i th U Cmax . Nu hai gi tr C1 v C2 U C k.U
.................................................................................................................................................80
4. Khi thay i U Cmax , U Cmax k0 .U v hai gi tr 1 v 2 th
U C1 U C 2 k.U ....................................................................................................................... 81
5. Khi thay i U Lmax
, U Lmax k0 .U v hai gi tr 1
v 2
th
U L1 U L 2 k .U
....................................................................................................................................................82
https://web.facebook.com/groups/1196550103696010/?ref=bookmars
Page 1
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
PHN A - NH L THNG NHT 1: CC TR LIN QUAN

N R THAY I
1. R thay i lin quan n cc tr
* Xut pht t cng thc tnh cng sut:
P R.I 2 R.
U2
R Z L ZC
2
Z ZC
R L
Lu : V R thay i nn ta xem R l bin s kho st.

*p dng BT Cauchy cho 2 s dng R v
*Ta c R +
Z L ZC
2 Z L ZC . Du = xy ra khi v ch khi hai s
bng nhau: R =
Z L ZC
Z L ZC
R
R0 Z L ZC . Vy cng sut ca ton mch
t gi tr cc i khi R0 Z L ZC , thay vo biu thc ca P ta tnh

c gi tr cc i l: Pmax
U2
U2
2 R0 2 Z L Z C
* tm hai gi tr ca R cho cng h s cng sut thi t

PR
U2
R 2 Z L ZC
ta c th bin i nh sau: R 2
a
U2
2
R Z L ZC 0
P
b
U2
R1 R2
P
suy ra:
R .R Z Z 2 R 2
L
C
0
1 2
*p dng nh l Viet ta ddng

th ca P theo R:
T th cho ta nhn xt
R 0 Pmin 0
U2
R R0 Pmax
2 R0
R Pmin 0
P
U2
2 R0
R1
R0
R2
R R
Page 2
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
Trng hp cun dy c in tr thun r th ta cng p dng BT Cau

chy tm c cng sut nh sau:
Cng sut trn cun dy
Pr r
U2
R r Z L ZC
2
U2
Pmax R0r 0 Prmax
r 2 Z L ZC
Cng sut trn bin tr

PR R.
U2
R r Z L ZC
2
U2
r 2 Z L ZC
R
R
U2
max
P
2 R0 r
R
2
2
2r
R0 r Z L Z C
Cng sut ton mch

P R r .
U2
R r Z L ZC
2
U2
Z Z
R r L C
R r
Ta c R0 r Z L ZC R Z L ZC r
n y cho ta nhn xt: R rng khi R thay i cng sut trn ton
mch t gi tr ln nht th R 0 .
TH1: Nu r Z L ZC
U2
P
max
2 Z L ZC
th R 0 nn
R r Z Z
L
C
0
TH2; Nu r Z L ZC th R 0 , Nu R m m
th bi ton hon ton khng c nghia vt
l v vy bt buc R = 0. Vy
Pmax
rU 2
Pmax 2
2
r Z L ZC
R0
Lu : Khi R Pmin 0 cho c hai trng

hp.
rU 2
r 2 Z L ZC
Page 3
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
V D MINH HA.
V d 1. H (2008) on mch in xoay chiu gm bin tr R, cun dy
thun cm c t cm L v t in c in dung C mc ni tip. Bit
in p hiu dng hai u on mch l U, cm khng ZL, dung khng ZC
(vi ZC Z L ) v tn s dng in trong mch khng i. Thay i R
n gi tr R0 th cng sut tiu th ca on mch t gi tr cc i
Pm, khi
Z2
U2
A. R0 Z L Z C .
B. Pm
.
C. Pm L .
D. R0 = Z L ZC
ZC
R0
Hng dn:
*Khi R thay i Pmax R Z L ZC Chn D.
V d 2. Cho mch in ni tip gm cun cm thun t cm 0,2/
(H), t in c in dung 0,1/ (mF) v bin tr R. in p t vo hai
u on mch in p xoay chiu n nh c tn s f (f < 100 Hz).
Thay i R n gi tr 190 th cng sut tiu th trn ton mch t
gi
tr
cc
i.
Gi
tr
f
l
A. 25 Hz.
B. 40 Hz.
C. 50 Hz.
D. 80 Hz
Hng dn:
* R thay i Pmax th R Z L ZC R
1
2 f
2 fL f 25 Hz
Chn A
V d 3: Mt on mch xoay chiu mc ni tip gm t C = 50/ ( F)
cun cm thun c t cm 0,8/ (H) v bin tr R. t vo hai u
on mch in p u = 200cos100t (V) (t o bng giy). cng sut
tiu th ca mch cc i th gi tr ca bin tr v cng sut cc i l
A. 120 v 250 W.
B. 120 v 250/3 W.
C. 280 v 250/3 W.
D. 280 v 250 W.
Hng dn:
*Khi R thay i Pmax
U2
500
Z C 200
Z 80
W
Pmax
Pmax
L
2 R0
3
R Z Z
R0 120
L
C
0
V d 4. (H-2009) t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng khng i

vo hai u on mch gm bin tr R mc ni tip vi t in. Dung
khng ca t in l 100 . Khi iu chnh R th ti hai gi tr R1 v R2
Page 4
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
cng sut tiu th ca on mch nh nhau. Bit in p hiu dng

gia hai u t in khi R = R1 bng hai ln in p hiu dng gia hai
u t in khi R = R2. Cc gi tr R1 v R2 l
A. R1 = 50 , R2 = 100 .
B. R1 = 40 , R2 = 250 .
C. R1 = 50 , R2 = 200 .
D. R1 = 25 , R2 = 100 .
Hng dn:
R R
2
1
Z 0
*Vi
P R1.R2 Z L ZC
R1.R2 ZC2 1002 104 (1)
R
R
2
U C1 2U C 2 ZC .
U
R Z
2
1
2
C
2Z C .
U
R Z
2
2
2
C
R12 R1R2
1 2
R2 R1R2 (2)
4
R 50
*T (1) v (2) ta c 1
Chn C
R2 200
V d 5. t in p xoay chiu vo hai u mt on mch AB ni tip
gm bin tr R, cun cm thun v t in. Thay i R th mch tiu
th cng mt cng sut ng vi hai gi tr ca bin tr l R1 = 90 v
R2 = 160 . H s cng sut ca mch AB ng vi R1 v R2 ln lt l
A. 0,6 v 0,75.
B. 0,6 v 0,8.
C. 0,8 v 0,6.
D. 0,75 v 0,6
Hng dn:
Khi hai gi tr R1 v R2 mch cho cng P th
R1
90
0, 6
cos 1
2
2
R
R
R
90
90.160
2
1
1
2
R1 R2 Z L Z C
R2
160
0,8
cos 2
R22 R1 R2
902 90.160
V d 6. Mt mch in xoay chiu gm t in C, mt cun cm thun L

v mt bin tr R c mc ni tip. Khi R = 24 th cng sut tiu
th trn on mch cc i l 300 W. Khi bin tr gi tr 18
hoc 32 th cng sut tiu th trn on mch l nh nhau v gi tr
bng
A. 288 W.
B. 144 W.
C. 240 W.
D. 150 W.
Hng dn:
Khi R0 Pmax Pmax
R R
U2
U 2 2 R0 .Pmax
2 R0
U2
2R P
2.24.300
1
Kt hp vi
PP
0 max
288 W
R
R
R
R
R
R
18
32
2
1
2
1
2
V d 7. Cho mch in RLC mc ni tip, L c in tr thun r = 30 ,

cn R l bin tr. t vo hai u on mch in p xoay chiu n
nh. iu chnh ln lt bin tr R c gi tr R1 v R2 th ln lt cng
Page 5
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
sut tiu th trn bin tr cc i PRmax v trn on mch cc i

Pmax. Nu PR max / Pmax 0,5 v R2 = 20 th R1 bng
A. 50 .
B. 40 .
C. 30 .
D. 70 .
Hng dn:
U2
R
1
R max
R max
2 R1 r
PR max R2 r
20 30
0,5
R1 70
2
P
R
r
R
30
U
max
1
1
RR P P
2
max
max
2 R2 r
Chn D
R R1
Z L ZC Z L ZC
2
.
1 1 2
R R P R1.R2 Z L ZC R
R2
2
2
1
R
*Nu cho 1 2 1 P
2
R2
Ch :
V d 8. Cho mch in c 2 phn t mc ni tip l t C v bin tr R.

lch pha gia in p hai u on mch v dng in qua mch ng
vi cc gi tr R1 270 v R2 480 ca R l 1 v 2 . Bit 1 2
in p hiu dng hai u on mch l 150 V. Gi P1 v P2 l cng sut

ca mch ng vi R1 v R2. Tnh P1 v P2.
A. P1 = 40 W; P2 = 40 W.
B. P1 =50W; P2=40 W.
C. P1 = 40 W; P2 = 50 W.
D. P1 = 30 W; P2 = 30 W.
Hng dn:
U2
R
R R1
U2
1502
1
2
P
1 2
P
P
30
2
R
R
270
480
2
R R2
1
2
R .R Z Z
L
C
2 1
V d 9. Cho on mch xoay chiu ni tip gm bin tr R, cun dy c

in tr thun r v t in C. iu chnh R cng sut trn R ln nht.
Khi in p gia hai u on mch ln gp 1,5 ln in p gia hai
u in tr. H s cng sut ca mch khi l
A. 0,67.
B. 0,75.
C. 0,5.
D. 0,71.
Page 6
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
Hng dn:
*Khi R thay i PRmax ta c R0 r 2 Z L ZC ZrLC
2
*Do trn gin cnh AM = MB.

nn AMB cn ti M suy ra:
UL UC
rLC
2
3
U 1,5U R0
cos 0, 75
0,5U
4
cos
U
R0
Chn B
B B
B
rLC
M
Ur
V d 10. (TXQT_2016) t in p u = 220 2 cos(100 t) (V) vo AB nh
hnh v. iu chnh R = R1 th in p hai u MB c gi tr hiu dng U1
v lch pha 6 so vi cng dng in trong mch, cng sut lc ny
UR
l P. iu chnh R = R2 th cng sut tiu th

R
L,r
C
A
ca bin tr vn l P v in p hiu dng hai
M
u MB l 3 U1. Gi tr U1 xp x khong
A. 78 V.
B. 90 V.
C. 127 V.
D. 83 V.
Hng dn:
1
r
*T tan rLC Z LC
6
3
*Cng sut cho c hai trng hp
U 2
U2
4r 2
4r 2
2
2
PR R
2
r
R
R
R
1 2
3
3
r R Z LC2
PR
Chun ha R1
U MB
4
R2 r 2
3
2
r Z LC
U
U
MB 2
2
R r Z LC U MB1
R
R
2
r Z LC
2
2
r Z LC
2
2
2
4
r
R1 4 / 3
3
3
R2 4 / 9
2 3 r
2
3 2
r 2 r r3
Z LC 4 / 27
Page 7
IN XOAY CHIU
U MB1 U
THY HONG MICHAEL
4 / 3
4 / 27
2
4 2
4 / 27
3 3
220
7
83,15 V Chn D
7
V d 10. (Chuyn Vinh ln_2_2016)t in p u 30 14 cos t V

( khng i) vo hai u on mch AB mc ni tip gm in tr R ,
cun dy c in tr r v t in C. Gi M l im ni gia t in v
in tr R. in p tc thi trn MB lch pha / 3 so vi dng in
trong mch. Khi R R1 th cng sut tiu th trn bin tr l P v in
p hiu dng trn MB l U1. Khi R R2 R1 th cng sut tiu th trn
bin tr vn l P v in p hiu dng trn MB l U2. Bit
U1 U 2 90 V . T s R1 / R2 l
A.
B. 2
C.
D. 4
Hng dn:
Z LC
Z rLC 2r
Z LC r 3
2
r
3
Z
r
3r 2
U2
U2
2
2
2
T PR R 2 R 2r
R 4r 0 R1R2 4r chun ha
Z
PR
T tan rLC
U
R1 1
khi U rLC Z rLC .
2
Z
R2 4r
U U 90
*Do
60 7
2
1
1 3
r
2U
2
R
1 3
r
60 7
90 r 0,25
2
1
4
r
R1
4 Chn D
R2
Page 8
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
V d 10. (Chuyn Vinh ln 2-2016) Cho on mch AB gm bin tr R ,

cun dy khng thun cm c t cm
P
L 0, 6 / ( H )
v t in c in dung
P
C 103 / 3 F mc ni tip. t in p
xoay chiu u U 2 cos 100 t V (U khng
(2)
i) vo hai u A, B. Thay i gi tr ca
(1)
bin tr R ta thu c th biu din s
ph thuc ca cng sut trn mch vo gi
R
tr R theo ng (1). Ni tt cun dy ta tip O 1 10
tc thu c th (2) biu din s ph
thuc ca cng sut trn mch vo gi tr R. in tr thun ca cun
dy l
A. 90
B. 30
C. 10
D. 50
Hng dn:
*T th cho ta nhn xt:
khi R = 0 th cng sut trn on mch cha ni tt t cc i.
khi R = 10 th cng sut trn mch ni tt bng cng sut cc i
ca mch khi cha ni tt
Z L ZC r
*T ng (1) suy ra R 0
rU 2
P
max r 2 Z Z 2
L C
U2
*T ng (2) suy ra R 10 P R. 2 2
R ZC
kt hp vi th ta c P1max P2
*Thay s
r
r 60 30
2
rU 2
r 2 Z L ZC
R.
U2
R 2 ZC2
r 10
R
r
10
R 10
2
2
2
2
2
R 30
r 30 10 30
r 90
2
Kt hp vi iu kin Z L ZC r chn r 90 ChnA
Page 9
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
V d 11. Cho mt on mch xoay chiu AB gm bin tr R, cun cm

thun c t cm L v t in c in dung C mc ni tip. t in
p u U 2 cos t V vo hai u on mch AB, hnh v l th biu
din cng sut tiu th AB theo in tr R trong hai trng hp: mch
in AB lc u v mch in AB sau khi mc thm r ni tip vi R. Hi
gi tr x y gn gi tr no nht sau y?
A. 300 W
B. 350 W
C.250 W
D. 400 W
P(W)
Hng dn:
* T th cho ta:
y
U
5
P1 Rx 2
Rx 0,25 r
2
Z
r
Rx Z LC
P P 120
LC
4
1 2
2
120
2
U
P r R
U 180 W

x
2
2
r
r Rx Z LC2
P1
P2
O 0,25r
*Thay cc gi tr va tm c vo biu thc di
U2
rU 2
x y 298 W Chn A
*Khi x y P1max P2max
2
2 Z LC r 2 Z LC
V d 12: t in p xoay chiu u U 2 cos t V vo hai u on
mch AB gm bin tr R , t in c in dung C v cun cm thun c
t cm L. Khi R = R0 th h s cng sut l cos 0 , lc ny cng sut
mch l P. iu chnh R = R1 th h s cng sut ca mch l cos 1 th
lc ny cng sut vn l P. iu chnh R = R0 +R1 th h s cng sut ca
mch l 2 cos 0 v cng sut tiu th 100 W. Hi gi tr ca P gn gi
tr no nht sau y
A. 80 W
B. 90 W
C. 100 W
D. 120W
Hng dn:
U2
P
R R0
R0 R1
P
cos 0
*Khi
R
R
1
2
R0 .R1 Z L ZC
R0
R R1.R0
2
0
Page 10
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
R1 R0
2
2 cos 0
2
R
R
.
R
0 1 1 0
*Khi R R0 R1 cos 2 cos 0

U2
2
P'
2 cos 0 3
R0 R1
P
2 R0
R0 R1
*T PT (1), (2)
2
R02 R1.R0
R0 R1 R0 .R1
Chun ha R0 1 R1 3, 67 cos 2 0 0, 214 P
P'
117 Chn
4cos 2 0
V d 12: (H-2010): a t ie n p xoay chiu c gi tr hie u dng v tn s

khng i vo hai u on mch gm bin tr R mc ni tip vi t
ie n c ie n dung C. Gi ie n p hie u dng gia hai u t ie n, gia
hai u bin tr v he s cng sut ca on mch khi bin tr c gi
tr R1 ln lt l U C1 , U R1 v cos 1 ; khi bin tr c gi tr R2 th cc gi
tr tng ng ni trn l U C 2 , U R 2 v cos 2 . Bit U C1 2U C 2 , U R 2 2U R1 .
Gi tr ca cos 1 v cos 2 l
1
, cos 2
3
1
C. cos 1
, cos 2
5
A. cos 1
1
1
, cos 2
.
5
3
1
0,5
D. cos 1
, cos 2
.
2
2
2
.
5
2
.
5
B. cos 1
Hng dn:
T UC1 2UC 2 ZC .
T 2U R1 U R 2 2R1.
U
R Z
2
1
2
C
U
R12 ZC2
2Z C .
R2 .
U
R ZC2
2
2
U
R12 ZC2
(1)
(2)
Lp t pt (1) v (2) suy ra c R2 4 R1 chun ha R1 1 R2 4

T pt (1) R22 4 R12 3ZC2 ZC 2
Page 11
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
R1
1
1
cos 1
2
2
2
5
R1 Z C
1 2
*T ta c
Chn C
R
4
2
2
cos
2
2
2
2
2
5
R
Z
4
2
2
C
BI TP T LUYN
Bi 1.on mch in xoay chiu gm bin tr R, cun dy thun cm
vt in c in dung 100 / F ni tip. t vo hai u mch in
p xoay chiu 100V 50 Hz. Thay i gi tr bin tr th cng sut t gi
tr cc i bng 50W. t cm ca cun dy c gi tr:
A. H .
B. 1/ H .
C. 2 / H .
D.1,5 / H
Bi 2. Cho mt on mch ni tip gm mt cun dy thun cm, t in
c in dung khng i v mt bin tr R. t vo hai u on mch
mt in p xoay chiu n nh. Thay i R thy khi R = 24 cng sut
tiu th cc i trong on mch l 200 W. Khi R = 18 th mch tiu
th cng sut bng
A. 288 W.
B. 168 W.
C. 192 W.
D. 144 W .
Bai 3. Trong on mch R, L, C mc ni tip, R l mt bin tr. Khi R =
R0 th h s cng sut ca mch l 3 / 2 . iu chnh R th thy c hai gi
tr R1 40 v R2 90 th mch c cng cng sut tiu th. Gi tr
ca R0 l:
A. 65 .
B. 60 .
C. 97,5
D. 60 3
Bi 4. Cho mch in xoay chiu ni tip gm bin tr R, cun dy thun
cm c cm khng 200 v t in c dung khng 100 . in p t
vo hai u on mch u = 100 2 cos100 t (V). Xc nh gi tr ca
bin tr cng sut tiu th trn on mch 40 W.
A. 100 hoc 150 .
B. 100 hoc 50 .
C. 200 hoc 150
D. 200 hoc 50 .
Bi 5.Mt mch in gm t in C, mt cun cm thun L v mt bin
tr R c mc ni tip. t vo hai u mch in mt in p
u = 100 2 cos100t (V). Khi bin tr gi tr R1 hoc R2 th cng
sut tiu th trn on mch l nh nhau. Nu R1 + R2 = 100 th gi tr
cng sut bng
A. 50 W.
B. 200 W.
C. 400 W.
D. 100 W.
Bi 6. (C2010) t in p u = U0cos100 t (V) vo hai u on mch
gm cun cm thun mc ni tip vi mt bin tr R. ng vi hai gi tr
R1 = 20 v R2 = 80 th cng sut tiu th trong on mch u bng
400 W. Gi tr ca U l
Page 12
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
A. 400 V.
B. 200 V.
C. 100 V.
D. 100 2 V.
Cu 7. t in p xoay chiu vo hai u mt on mch AB ni tip
gm bin tr R, cun cm thun v t in. Thay i R th mch tiu th
cng mt cng sut ng vi hai gi tr ca bin tr l R1 = 80 v R2 =
160 . H s cng sut ca mch AB ng vi R1 v R2 ln lt l
A. 0,6 v 0,75. B. 0,6 v 0,8.
C. 0,8 v 0,6.
D. 0,58 v 0,82
Bi 8. Mt mch in AB gm mt t in C, mt cun cm L thun cm
khng v mt bin tr R c mc ni tip. t vo hai u mch in
mt hiu in th xoay chiu u = 120 2 cos120 t (V). Bit rng ng vi
hai gi tr ca bin tr: R1 = 18 v R2 = 32 th cng sut tiu th trn
AB l nh nhau. Cng sut ca on mch AB khng th nhn gi tr
A. P = 72 W.
B. P = 288 W.
C. P = 144 W.
D. P = 576 W.
Bi 9.: Mch in xoay chiu gm mt bin tr R mc ni tip vi cun
dy thun cm. Thay i R ta thy vi hai gi tr R1 = 45 hoc R2 = 80
th mch tiu th cng sut u bng 80 W. Khi thay i R th cng
sut tiu th trn mch t cc i bng
A. 250 W.
B. 80 2 W.
C. 100 W.
D. 250/3 W.
Bi 10. Mt mch in xoay chiu gm t in C, mt cun cm thun L
v mt bin tr R c mc ni tip. Khi R = 24 th cng sut tiu th
trn on mch cc i l 300 W. Khi bin tr gi tr 18 hoc 32
th cng sut tiu th trn on mch l nh nhau v gi tr bng
A. 288 W.
B. 144 W.
C. 240 W.
D. 150 W.
Bi 11. on mch xoay chiu RLC ni tip vi R l bin tr. Khi R1 = 40
hoc R2 = 10 th cng sut tiu th ca on mch nh nhau. Khi R = R0
th cng sut tiu th ca on mch t gi tr ln nht, v cng
dng in qua mch i = 2cos(100 t + /12 ) (A). in p hai u on
mch c th c biu thc
A. u = 50 2 cos(100 t + 7 /12 ) (V). B. u = 50 2 cos(100 t - 7 /12 (V).
C. u = 40 2 cos(100 t - /6) (V).
D. u = 40cos(100 t + /3) (V).
Bi 12. Mch in xoay chiu gm ba phn t, in tr thun R, cun cm
thun L v t in C mc ni tip. in tr R thay i c. t vo hai
u on mch in p xoay chiu u 120 2 cos100 t (V). iu chnh R, khi
R = R1 = 18 th cng sut trn mch l P1, khi R = R2= 8 th cng sut
P2, bit P1 = P2 v ZC > ZL. Khi R = R3 th cng sut tiu th trn mch t
cc i. Biu thc cng dng in qua mch khi R = R3 l
A. i = 10 2 cos( 100 t
C. i = 10cos( 100 t
) (A).
) (A).
B. i = 10 2 cos(100 t ) (A).
D. i = 10cos( 100 t
) (A).
Bi 13.Cho mch in c 2 phn t mc ni tip l t C v bin tr R.

lch pha gia in p hai u on mch v dng in qua mch ng vi
Page 13
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
cc gi tr R1 150 v R2 250 ca R l 1 v 2 . Bit 1 2
in p hiu dng hai u on mch l 100 V. Gi P1 v P2 l cng sut

ca mch ng vi R1 v R2. Tnh P1 v P2.
A. P1 = 40 W; P2 = 40 W.
B. P1 = 25 W; P2 = 25 W.
C. P1 = 40 W; P2 = 50 W.
D. P1 = 30 W; P2 = 30 W.
Bi 14. t in p n nh c tn s 50 Hz vo hai u mch in mc
ni tip gm t C 0,5 / mF , cun cm thun L v bin tr R. lch
pha gia in p hai u on mch v dng in qua mch ng vi cc
gi tr R1 9 v R2 16 ca R l 1 v 2 . Bit 1 2
v mch c tnh
dung khng. Tnh L.

A. 0, 2 / H.
B. 0, 08 / H.
C. 0,8 / H.
D. 0, 02 / H.
Bi 15. Mt mch xoay chiu mc ni tip gm bin tr R, cun dy c
t cm L c in tr thun r v t in c in dung C. iu chnh bin tr
R = r th ng lc cng sut tiu th ca mch cc i. T s gia in
p hiu dng trn on mch cun dy-t in v in p hiu dng trn
ton mch lc ny l
A. 0, 25 10.U .
B.
1
U .
2
C.
2
U.
4
D. 0,5 10U
Bi 16. Cho mch in xoay chiu RLC vi R l bin tr v cun dy c

in tr thun r = 10 . Khi R = 15 hoc R = 39 cng sut ca ton
mch l nh nhau. cng sut ton mch cc i th R bng
A. 27 .
B. 25 .
C. 32 .
D. 36 .
Bi 17. Mt on mch xoay chiu mc ni tip gm cun dy c in tr
thun 40 ( ), c cm khng 60 ( ), t in c dung khng 80 ( ) v
mt bin tr R ( 0 R ). in p hai u on mch n nh 200 V
50 Hz. Khi thay i R th cng sut to nhit trn ton mch t gi tr cc
i l
A. 1000 (W).
B. 144 (W).
C. 800 (W).
D. 125 (W)
Bi 18. Cho mch in RLC mc ni tip, L c in tr thun r, cn R l
bin tr. t vo hai u on mch in p xoay chiu n nh. iu
chnh ln lt bin tr R c gi tr R1 50 v R2 10 th ln lt cng
sut tiu th trn bin tr cc i v trn on mch cc i. Tnh r.
A. 50 .
B. 40 .
C. 30 .
D. 20
Bi 19. Cho mch in RLC mc ni tip, L c in tr thun r = 30 ,
cn R l bin tr. t vo hai u on mch in p xoay chiu n nh.
iu chnh ln lt bin tr R c gi tr R1 v R2 th ln lt cng sut
tiu th trn bin tr cc i PRmax v trn on mch cc i Pmax. Nu
PR max / Pmax 0, 25 v R2 = 20 th R1 bng
Page 14
IN XOAY CHIU
A. 50 .
THY HONG MICHAEL

B. 170 .
C. 80 .
D. 100 .
Bi 20. Cho on mch AB mc ni tip gm t in, cun cm v bin tr

R. in p xoay chiu gia hai u on mch lun n nh. Khi R = 76
th cng sut tiu th trn bin tr c gi tr ln nht v bng P0. Khi R =
R2 cng sut tiu th ca mch AB c gi tr ln nht v bng 2P0. Gi tr
ca R2 bng
A. 45,6 .
B. 60,8 .
C. 15,2 .
D. 12,4 .
Bi 21. Cho on mch xoay chiu ni tip gm bin tr R, cun dy c
in tr thun r v t in C. iu chnh R cng sut trn R ln nht.
Khi in p gia hai u on mch ln gp 1,3 ln in p gia hai
u in tr. H s cng sut ca mch khi l
A. 0,67.
B. 0,65.
C. 0,5.
D. 0,71.
Bi 22. t in p u = U 2 cos100 t (V) vo on mch xoay chiu ni
tip gm bin tr R, cun dy c cm khng Z L 40 , in tr thun
r = 20 v t in c dung khng ZC 60 . iu chnh R cng sut
trn R ln nht. Khi in p gia hai u on mch cha cun dy v
t in l 150 V. Tnh U.
A. 150 V.
B. 261 V.
C. 277 V.
D.100 V
Bi 23. t in p 170 V 50 Hz vo hai u on mch xoay chiu ni
tip gm bin tr R, cun cm thun L, t in C v in tr R0. iu chnh
R cng sut tiu th trn R l ln nht th in p hiu dng trn R
bng 100V.Tnh in p hiu dng trn R0.
A. 44,5 V.
B. 89,6 V.
C. 70 V.
D. 45 V.
Page 15
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
PHN B NH L THNG NHT 2 - CC TR LIN QUAN N L, C

THAY I ULmax, UCmax
1. Khi L thay i ULmax.
Bi ton Cho on mch AB gm on AM v on MN v on
NB, on AM cha in tr thun, on MN cha t in c in
dung C v on NB cha cun cm thun thay i c.
U AB
A
L
B
UL
UR
RC
U RC
UC
Vit di dang thun ty c bn.

Kt qu: U L max khi Z L
U R 2 Z C2
R 2 Z C2
U L max
R
ZC
Cch vit kiu khc U L max
U
1
ZC
ZL
ZL
R 2 Z C2
ZC
U 2 U Lmax U Lmax U C
2
2
U RC
U L .U C
2
u uRC
H qu: Tam ANB A 1

;
1
1
1

U 2 U RC 2
U2 U2 U2
R
RC
2
max
U R UC U L UC
Vit di dng gc
U
U L max
sin 0
U
Kt qu: U L U L max cos 0

cos 0
sin 0

0
RC
2
Chng minh:
Ta c BAM (thay i) v RC MAN (khng i)

p dung nhl hm s sin cho tam gic ANB ta c
Page 16
IN XOAY CHIU
UL
sin RC
THY HONG MICHAEL
UL
sin RC cos RC
sin RC
2
U
U
Suy ra U L
sin RC
cos RC
2
cos RC
cos RC
(1)
ULmax khi cos RC max RC 0 0 RC

2
2
2
Xt gc RC RC (V nm di trc I nn gc c gi tr m)
By gi tr thnh 0
RC , thay vo (1) ta c
cos RC
cos RC
2 sin 0
2
cos 0
2
U
U
cos 0 khi U L max khi 0 RC U L max
Hay U L
sin 0
2
sin 0
UL
iu phi chng minh

U
U L1 sin cos 1 0 kU 3
0
Khi U L1 U L 2 kU th suy ra
U U cos kU 4
2
0
L 2 sin 0
Cho pt (3) v (4) bng nhau ta rt ra c

RC 1 2 0 1 2
(5)
2
2
2

2
2
cos 1
Thay (5) vo pt (3) cos 1 0 k sin 0
k sin 0
2
0
1 2
ta c
2
Tip tc bin i bng cch nhn hai v vi cos
2 1 2
1 2
cos 1
cos
k sin 0 cos
cos1 cos2 k sin 0 .cos0
2
2
2
T rt ra c cos 1 cos 2 k sin 20

iu phi chng minh
T cng thc 0
(6)
RC ta suy ra tam gic AMN vung ti A.
p dng h thc lng:

AM 2 MB.MN R ZC Z L Z C Z L
R 2 ZC2
ZC
Page 17
IN XOAY CHIU
R
Ta c: sin
Z RC
THY HONG MICHAEL
R
R 2 ZC2
m U
max
L
U R 2 Z C2
U
sin
R
Cng thc trn c th bin i li nh sau:

U L max
R 2 ZC2
R
U 1
Bin i tip U Lmax
ZC2 R2 ZC Z L ZC
Z L .ZC
U L max U
2
R
Z L .ZC ZC2
U
Z L Z C Z C2
Z L .Z C
U
1
ZC
ZL
Lu vi Z L
R 2 Z C2
ZC
iu phi chng minh
Bnh lun: Cc cng thc trn l hon ton ngn gn, khc phc c
nhng dng bin i i s di dng v cng knh nh trong sch tham

kho khc. Chng hn nh sch tham kho ca thy Bin bin i i s
rt di v cng knh. V vy thy da trn tng hnh hc a ra
cng thc (2). ( Cho n thi im ny cha c sch no gii theo kiu )
Cu hi t ra l cc em nn hc thuc cng thc no???
Cc cng thc trn u c th mnh ring ca n, chng hn khi L thay i
m lin qua n cc gc th cc em nn dng cng thc bin i theo gc.
Ngc li khi L thay i m khng lin quan n gc th cc em nn dng
cng thc vit di dng thun ty c bn (dng i s)
2. Khi L thay i lin quan n UCmax
Bi ton Cho on mch AB gm on AM v on MN v on
NB, on AM cha in tr thun, on MN cha cun cm thun L
v on NB cha t in c in dung C thay i
N
c.
U RL
RL
B
U AB
UL
UR
UC
B
Page 18
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
Kt qu:
Vit di dang thun ty c bn.
U R 2 Z C2
R 2 Z L2
khi U C max
U Cmax khi Z C
ZL
R
U
R 2 Z L2
ZC
Cch vit kiu khc U C max
ZL
ZC
1
ZL
U 2 U Cmax U Cmax U L
2
U RL
U C .U L
2
2
u uRL
H qu ANB A
;
1
1
1
1 ;

U
2
U
2
2
2
2
RL
U
U
U RL
2 R
max
U R U L U C U L
Vit di dng gc
Kt qu:
U
U
L
max
sin 0 sin 0
U
U C U C max cos 0
cos 0
sin 0

RL
0
2
Nu U C1 U C 2 kU th cos 1 cos 2 k sin 20
Chng minh
Ta c MAB (thay i) v RL MAN (khng i)

p dng nhl hm s sin cho tam gic ANB ta c
UC
sin RL
UL
sin RL cos RL
sin RL
2
U
U
sin RL
cos RL
Suy ra U C
cos RL
cos RL
2
(1)
UCmax khi cos RL max RL 0 0 RL

2
2
2
Xt gc 0 0 (V nm di trc I nn gc c gi tr m)
Page 19
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
*By gi tr thnh 0 RL , thay vo (1) ta c
UC
cos RL
cos RL
2 sin 0
2
cos 0
2
U
U
UC
cos 0
cos 0
sin 0
sin 0
U
*Khi U Cmax khi 0 RL U L max
2
sin 0
V do 0 l m nn sin 0 cng m, trc c thm du tr l thnh dng.

( my e ng hiu nhm v sao li c du nh). khi sai du ta c th
U
ghi theo kiu ln U C max
sin 0
iu phi chng minh
U
U C1 sin cos 1 0 kU 3
0
*Khi U L1 U L 2 kU th suy ra
U U cos kU 4
2
0
C 2 sin 0

Cho pt (3) v (4) bng nhau ta rt ra c RL 1 2 0 1 2 (5)
2
2
2
1 2
0

2
cos 1 2 k sin 20
Thay (5) vo pt (3) cos 1 0 k sin 0
2

*Tip tc bin i bng cch nhn hai v vi cos 1 2 ta c
2

cos 1 2 cos 1 2 k sin 0 cos 1 2 cos 1 cos 2 k sin 0 .cos 0
2
2
2
T rt ra c cos 1 cos 2 k sin 20
(6)
iu phi chng minh

T cng thc 0
RC ta suy ra tam gic AMN vung ti A.
p dng h thc lng trong tam gic vung

AM 2 MB.MN R Z L Z C Z L Z C
R 2 Z L2
ZL
U R 2 Z L2
U
R
R
max
max
UC
*Ta c: sin
m U L
sin
R
Z RL
R 2 ZC2
Cng thc trn c th bin i li nh sau:

Page 20
IN XOAY CHIU
U C max
THY HONG MICHAEL
R 2 Z L2
Z C .Z L
Z L2 R2 Z L ZC Z L
U 1 2 U C max U
R
R
Z C .Z L Z L2
Bin i tip U Cmax
U
Z C Z L Z C2
Z C .Z L
U
1
ZL
ZC
Lu vi ZC
R 2 Z L2
ZL
V D MINH HA.
V d 1. Cho mch in ni tip gm cun dy thun cm c t cm L
thay i c, t in c dung khng 60 v in tr thun 20 .
in p t vo hai u on mch u = 20 5 cos100 t (V). Khi cm
khng bng ZL th in p hiu dng trn cun dy t gi tr cc i
ULmax. Gi tr ZL v ULmax ln lt l
A. 200/3 v 200 (V).
B. 200/3 v 100 (V).
C. 200 v 200 (V).
D. 200 v 200 (V)
Hng dn:
*Khi L thay i ULmax th ta c
R 2 Z C2 202 602 200

Z
ZC
60
3
U R 2 Z C2 10 10 202 602
100 V
U L max
R
20
Chn B
Lu : ULmax c th tnh nh sau U Lmax
U
1
ZC
ZL
10 10
100 V
60
1
200 / 3
V d 3. (H-2011) t in p xoay chiu u = U0cos100 t vo hai u

on mch mc ni tip gm in tr thun R, t in c in dung C
v cun cm thun c t cm L thay i c. iu chnh L in
p hiu dng hai u cun cm t gi tr cc i th thy gi tr cc
i bng 100 V v in p hiu dng hai u t in bng 36 V. Gi
tr ca U l
A. 80 V.
B. 136 V.
C. 64 V.
D. 48 V
Page 21
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
Hng dn:
*Da vo h thc lng trong tam gic vung ANB U
AB
ta c c. vung ti A nn ta c

U 2 U Lmax U Lmax UC U 100 100 36 80 V
UR
A
Chn A.
RC
U RC
UL
UC
V d 5. Cho mch in xoay chiu L, R, C mc ni tip theo th t

(cun cm thun c t cm L thay i c). iu chnh L ULmax
th UR = 50 3 V. Lc ny, khi in p tc thi hai u on mch l
-150 2 V th in p tc thi gia hai u on mch cha RC l -50
2 V. Tnh tr hiu dng ca in p hai u on mch AB.
A. 100 3 V.
B. 615 V.
C. 200 V.
D. 300V
Hng dn:
* Da vo gin vecto cho ta U RC U nn
2
1
1
1
u uRC

1 ; U 2 U 2 U 2
U 2 U 2
R
RC
2
2
50 2 150 2

1
U RC 2 U 2
U 100 3 V Chn A
hay
1
1
1
2 2
2
U RC
U
50 .3
V d 6. t in p u = 100 2 cos t vo hai u on mch mc ni tip

gm in tr thun R, t in v cun cm thun c t cm L thay
i c. Bit h s cng sut on RC l 0,8. Khi L thay i th ULmax
bng
A. 100 (V).
B. 150 (V).
C. 300 (V).
D. 125 (V).
Hng dn:
*p dng cng thc c U L max
U
U
100
125 V Chn D
sin 0 cos RC 0,8
V d 7. t in p u 100 2 cos100 t V vo hai u on mch mc

ni tip gm in tr thun R, t in C v cun cm thun c t
Page 22
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
cm L thay i c. in p uRC lch pha vi dng in l

chnh L u sm hn i l
th UL bng
6
A. 100 (V).
B. 150 (V).
C. 300 (V).
Hng dn:
U
*p dng cng thc U L
cos 0
sin 0
Thay 0
RC
12
5
UL
12
. iu
12
D. 73,2 (V).
100
5
cos
73,2 V
6 12
5
sin
12
Chn D
V d 8. (H - 2013) t in p u = U0cos t (V) (U0 v khng i)
vo hai u on mch mc ni tip gm in tr R, t in c in
dung C, cun cm thun c t cm L thay i c. Khi L = L1 v L =
L2 in p hiu dng hai u cun cm c cng gi tr; lch pha
ca in p hai u on mch so vi cng dng in ln lt l
0,52 rad v 1,05 rad. Khi L = L0 in p gia hai u cun cm t cc
i; lch pha ca in p hai u on mch so vi cng dng
in l . Gi tr ca gn gi tr no nht sau y:
A. 0,41 rad.
B. 1,57 rad.
C. 0,83 rad.
D. 0,26 rad
Hng dn:
2 0,52 1,52
0,875 rad
*p dng cng thc c 0 1
2
2
Chn C
V d 9. Cho mch in xoay chiu AB gm on AM cha bin tr R v t
in C, on MB cha cun cm thun c t cm thay i c. t
vo hai u mch AB mt in p xoay chiu n nh u U 2 cos t V .
Ban u gi L = L1 thay i R th ta thy gi tr ca in p AM khng
i vi mi gi tr ca bin tr. Gi R = ZL1 thay i L in p trn
cun cm thun t cc i, gi tr cc i l
A.
2
U
2
B.
U
2
C.
3
U
2
D.
5
U
2
Hng dn:
Page 23
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL

R 2 Z C2
U
2 R Z L1 2 Z C
R2 Z L ZC
* Khi L L1 U AM U RC
Gi R = ZL1 thay i L ULmax
Z L21 Z L1 / 2 5
R 2 ZC2 RZ 2 Z
ZL2
ZL2
Z L1
ZC
2
Z L1 / 2
2
L1
* Suy ra U Lmax
U
1
U
5
U Chn D
2
Z L1 / 2
1
5 / 2 Z L1
ZC
ZL2
Cu 10. t in p xoay chiu u = U0 cos100 t (V) vo hai u on

mch ni tip gm in tr R = 120 , t in c in dung
C = 1/(9 ) mF v cun cm thun c t cm L thay i c. iu
chnh L = L1 th ULmax. Gi tr no ca L sau y th UL = 0,99ULmax
A.
2,1
B.
0, 21
C.
0,31
D.
Hng dn:
*Tnh tan RC
Z C 90
3
R
120
4
U 0,99U
cos 0 0,99 arccos 0,99 0
* U L U L max cos 0
L
L max
1 1, 608
3
0, 785
4
2
* T arccos 0,99 RC arccos 0,99 arctan
R tan 1 Z C 120 tan 1, 608 90 31
L1
100
* Z L R tan ZC
Chn A
R tan 2 Z C 120 tan 0, 785 90 2,1
H
L2
100
V d 11: t in p n nh vo hai u on mch khng phn nhnh

R,LC c L thay i c. Khi L = L0 th cng sut ca mch t cc i
v bng 200 W th khi UL =2U. Khi iu chnh L n gi tr hiu
in th hiu dng trn cun cm c gi tr ln nht th khi cng
sut l
A. 180 W
B. 160W
C. 150W
D. 120W
Hngdn:
*Khi L L0 Pmax Pmax
U2
200 W
R
Page 24
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
U
cos 0 khi xy ra cng hng
sin 0
U
1
4
U 2U L
0 0 U L
tan 0 cos 2 0
tan 0
2
5
*p dng cng thc U L
* Khi L thay i U L max
U2
4
P
cos 2 0 200. 160 W Chn B
R
5
Ch :Khi L thay i tng in p U RC U L t cc i ta lm nh sau:
U AB
*Chng minh:
p dng nh l hm s sin ta c
U
cos RC
U
UL
RC
sin RC cos
UR
RC
p dng tnh cht dy t s bng nhau ta c

U L U RC
Hay U L U RC
U
sin RC
cos RC
UL
UC
cos

cos RC
2
4
2U
cos RC
cos RC
2
4
const
RC
U L U RC max cos
*Khi U L U RC max
RC

1
4
2
4

cos RC
2 RC 4
U
4
2U
U L U RC max
cos RC
sin
kt qu p hn ta t
Khi U L U RC max 2U
cos
RC 2 RC
2
2
2 U
sin sin
2
Kt lun:
Page 25
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
Khi L thay i U L U RC max
RC
th
U
U
U
RC max
L
sin
sin
Khi C thay i U C U RL max
2 RL 2
U
U
U C U RL max
sin
sin
V d 12. Cho mch in xoay chiu RLC mc ni tip, trong L l cun

dy thun cm v c th thay i c. t vo hai u mch mt in
p c gi tr hiu dng U v tn s f khng i. iu chnh gi tr L
tng in p hiu dng URC +UL t gi tr ln nht th tng bng
2 2U v cng sut tiu th ca mch l 120 W. Hi khi iu chnh L
cng sut tiu th trong mch ln nht th cng sut bng bao
nhiu?
A. 215 W
B. 240 W
C. 250W
D.220W
Hng dn:
U
7
2 2U cos 2
sin
8
P
210
240 W Chn B
2
cos 7 / 8
* p dng cng thc c U L U RC max

*Mt khc P PCH cos2 PCH
V d 12. (Thanh Ha_2016).Cho mch in xoay chiu khng phn

nhnRLC trong C l t xoay cn L l cun dy thun cm. in p
gia hai u on mch c gi tr hiu dng v tn s khng i, hai
u in tr thun R v t xoay C c cc vn k l tng V 1 v V2 . iu
chnh gi tr ca C s ch ca V1 cc i l U1, khi s ch ca V2 l
0,5U1. Khi s ch ca V2 cc i l U2, th s ch caV1 lc l
A. 0,6U2.
B. 0,5U2.
C. 0,7U2.
D. 0,4U2.
Hng dn.
Khi C thay i s ch V1 t cc i th
Page 26
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
max U
U R R U1
max
U R Z L ZC
R 2Z C 2Z L ,
U
U Z
0,5U1
C
C
R
*khi C thay i V2 t cc i th
R 2 Z L2 2Z L Z L
ZC
5Z L
ZL
ZL
2
max
C
max
U
U
5
U
U C
2
1
Z
/
Z
1
Z
/
5
Z
L
C
L
L
lc ny
U
5
U RU R
U
R
2
2
Z
5
2
Z
5
Z
L
L
L
U Cmax 5
suy ra
U R 0,4U Cmax 0,4U 2 Chn D
UR
2
V d 12. xoay chiu u U 2 cos100 t V vo hai u on mch ni tip

gm, in tr R, cun cm thun L, t in c in dung C thay i
c. Khi C = C1 th UC = 40 V v uC tr hn u l 1 . Khi C = C2 th UC =
40 V v uC tr hn u l 2 1
. Khi C = C3 th UCmax ng thi lc ny

3
cng sut mch tiu th bng 50% cng sut cc i m mch c th

t c. Tnh U.
A. 32,66 V.
B. 16,33 V.
C. 46,19 V.
D. 23,09 V
Hng dn:
*Khi C3 th UCmax ta c
P 50% Pmax
0,5 cos 2 0 0
Pmax
4
C C
1
* Khi
U C1 U C 2
C C2

1 1

5
2
3
2
0 1 2
1 1
2
2
4
12
2
*p dng cng thc

U C1
U
40 6
cos 1 0 U
32, 66 V Chn A
sin 0
3
Page 27
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
V d 13: t in p xoay chiu n nh vo hai u on mch AB ni

tip gm in tr thun R, t in C v cun cm thun c t cm
thay i c. Khi L = L0 th ULmax . Khi L = L1 hoc L = L2 th
UL1=UL2=0,9ULmax. Tng h s cng sut ca on mch AB khi L =L1
hoc L =L2 l 1,44. H s cng sut ca on mch khi L =L0 l
A. 0,5
B. 0,6
C.0,7
D. 0,8
Hng dn:
*Ta c U L1 U L 2 0,9U L max 0,9
U
0,9
.U
sin 0 sin 0
(1)
*p dng cng thc c U L1 U L 2 kU cos 1 cos 2 k sin 20

*So snh vi cng thc (1) ta thy
k
0,9
0,9
cos 1 cos 2
sin 20 1,8.cos 0
sin 0
sin 0
cos 0
cos 1 cos 2 1, 44
0,8 Chn D.
1,8
1,8
V d 14. ( Hng c 2016) t in p u U 2 cos t V (U, khng i)

vo hai u on mch AB mc ni tip gm in tr thun R, cun dy
thun cm c t cm L v t in c in dung C thay i c. Khi
C = C0 th in p hiu dng trn C t cc i v h s cng sut trn
AB l 0,5. Khi C = 2C0 th i p hiu dng trn C l 100 V. Khi C = C1
hoc C = C2 th in p hiu trn C u l 120 V v tng h s cng sut
ca AB trong hai trng hp ny l
A. 1,2.
B. 0,6 2
C. 0,6 3
D. 0,5 3
Hng dn
ZC 0 n
ZL 1
*Khi C C0 Chun ha
R 2 Z L2
Z
C0
ZC n
ZL
n 4
Z L 1
U C max
R
R 3
cos 0
0,5
2
R Z L ZC
Z
Z Z
1 2

*Khi C 2C0 ZC C 0 2 tan L C
2
R
6
3
*Lc ny U C
U
cos 0 100
sin 0
U

cos U 100 V

6 3
sin
3
Page 28
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
*p dng CT c cos 1 cos 2
UC
120

sin 20
sin 2.
0, 6 3
U
100
3
k
Chn C
V d 14. (Chuyn Vinh ln 3_2016) t in p xoay u 120 2 cos t V
vo hai u on mch AB gm in tr R
U V
ni tip vi cun dy khng thun cm
c in tr trong r 20 . Cho C bin
thin th th UC ph thuc vo ZC nh
hnh v. Khi ZC 80 th cng sut trn
Z
R bng 135 W. Gi tr cc i ca hiu in
0 80
th hiu dng trn t bng
C
A. 120 2 V
B.120 V
C. 120 3 V
D. 240 V
Hng dn:
*T th ta phn tch.
UC
U
R r 2 Z L2 1 2Z L 1 1
ZC2
ZC
ZC U C U
Z 80
U Z U Z U Z C1 Z
* C1
ZC 2
C
C1
* PR R
PR .ZC2 1
U2
U2
60
Z2
ZC21
U2
*Thay i ZC UCmax khi

*Mt khc ZC 0
*T U Cmax
R r
ZL
U
1
ZL
ZC0
Z L2
1
1 1
1 1 1
0 ZC 0 160
ZC 0 2 ZC1 ZC 2 80
60 20
160
ZL
Z L2
Z L 80
120
120 2 V Chn A.
80
1
160
V d 15. t in p u U 2 cos t V ( U , khng i) vo hai u

on mch AB ni tip gm in tr R, t in c in dung C thay i
c v cun dy thun cm L. Khi C C1 th in p hiu dng trn t
Page 29
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
u l 60 V nhng dng in trong hai trng hp lch pha nhau / 3 .

Khi C C3 th in p hiu dng trn C t cc i, lc ny mch tiu
th cng sut bng na cng sut cc i. Tnh U
B. 60 2 V
A. 20 6 V
C. 30 2 V
D. 30 V
Hng dn
* Khi C C3 U Cmax P 0,5PCH cos 0
*Khi U C
0
4
2
cos 0 U C1 U C 2 1 2 20
sin 0
2
u 1 3
2 1
*Ta c i1
3
i 2 u 2
*T (1) v (2) ta suy ra
1 5 / 2
sin 0
U
U C1 20 6 V Chn A.
cos 1 0
2 / 12
1
(1)
(2)
Bnh lun: y ta gi s 1 sm pha hn 2 v ch rng khi C thay

i th 0 s mang gi tr m.
V d 16: t in p u U 2 cos 100 t u V vo hai u on mch
AB theo ng th t gm in tr R 100 , t in c in dung
104
F v cun cm thun c t cm thay i c. Khi L L1 th
3
dng in trong mch l i1 I 0 cos 100 t A , in p hiu dng

6
trn L l U1. Khi L L2 th cng dng in l

2
i2 I 02 cos 100 t
A , in p hiu dng trn L l U2 . Khi L L3 th
3
cng dng in trong mch l i3 I 03 cos 100 t A Nu U 2 U1

12
th I0 bng
A. 3
B. 2 A
C. 6
D. 2 2 A
Hng dn:

*Khi i1 u 1 u

i2
0 RC
1 2 i1 i 2
2
2
u
*Hay
2 RC i1 i 2
2
20 i1 i 2
2
2.
2

3 6 3 7 rad
2
12
Page 30
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
*Khi L = L0 th
u i
7 5
U
200 2
I 0 cos
cos 6 A Chn D
12 12 6
R
100
6
BI TP T LUYN
a. Bi tp cc tr lin quan n L thay i ULmax.
Cu 1. Cho mch in ni tip gm cun dy thun cm c t cm L
thay i c, t in c dung khng 60 v in tr thun 20 . in
p t vo hai u on mch u = 20 5 cos100 t (V). Khi cm khng
bng ZL th in p hiu dng trn cun dy t gi tr cc i ULmax. Gi
tr ZL v ULmax ln lt l
A. 200/3 v 200 (V).
B. 200/3 v 100 (V).
C. 200 v 200 (V).
D. 200 v 200 (V)
Cu 2. t in p xoay chiu u = U0cos100 t vo hai u on mch
mc ni tip gm in tr thun R, t in c in dung C v cun cm
thun c t cm L thay i c. iu chnh L in p hiu dng
hai u cun cm t gi tr cc i th thy gi tr cc i bng 100 V
v in p hiu dng hai u t in bng 40 V. Gi tr ca U gn gi tr
no nht sau y?
A. 80 V.
B. 136 V.
C. 64 V.
D. 48 V.
Cu 3. Cho mch in ni tip gm cun dy thun cm c t cm L
thay i c, t in C v in tr R. in p t vo hai u on mch
u = 100 6 cos100 t (V). Khi in p hiu dng trn cun dy t gi tr
cc i ULmax th in p hiu dng trn t l 200 (V). Gi tr ULmax l
A. 100 (V).
B. 150 (V).
C. 300 (V).
D. 200 (V).
Cu 4. (H-2009) t in p u = U0cos t vo hai u on mch mc
ni tip gm in tr thun R, t in v cun cm thun c t cm L
thay i c. Bit dung khng ca t in bng R 3 . iu chnh L
in p hiu dng gia hai u cun cm t cc i, khi
A. in p gia hai u in tr lch pha /6 so vi in p gia hai u
on mch.
B. in p gia hai u t in lch pha /6 so vi in p gia hai u
on mch.
C. trong mch c cng hng in.
D. in p gia hai u cun cm lch pha /6 so vi in p gia hai
u on mch
Cu 5. Cho mch in xoay chiu L, R, C mc ni tip theo th t (cun
cm thun c t cm L thay i c). iu chnh L ULmax th UR =
50 3 V. Lc ny, khi in p tc thi hai u on mch l -150 2 V th
Page 31
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
in p tc thi gia hai u on mch cha RC l -50 2 V. Tnh tr

hiu dng ca in p hai u on mch AB.
A. 100 3 V.
B. 615 V.
C. 200 V.
D. 300V
Cu 6. t in p u = 150 2 cos t vo hai u on mch mc ni tip
gm in tr thun R, t in v cun cm thun c t cm L thay i
c. Bit h s cng sut on RC l 0,5. Khi L thay i th ULmax bng
A. 100 (V).
B. 150 (V).
C. 300 (V).
D. 200 (V).
Cu 7. t in p u 100 2 cos100 t vo hai u on mch mc ni tip
gm in tr thun R, t in C v cun cm thun c t cm L thay
i c. in p uRC lch pha vi dng in l
hn i l
. iu chnh L u sm
12
th UL bng
A. 100 (V).
B. 150 (V).
C. 300 (V).
D. 73,2 (V).
Cu 8. t in p u = U0cos100 t vo hai u on mch mc ni tip
theo ng th t gm t in C, in tr thun R v cun cm thun c
t cm L thay i c. iu chnh L ULmax th h s cng sut ca
mch l 0,5. H s cng sut ca on RL lc ny l
A. 0,7.
B. 0,6.
C. 0,5.
D. 0,4.
Cu 9.Cho on mch xoay chiu RLC mc ni tip vi R = 100 v cun
dy thun cm L c th thay i gi tr c. Khi cng sut tiu th trn
mch ang t gi tr cc i m tng cm khng thm 50 th in p
trn hai u cun cm t cc i. Tnh dung khng ca t.
A. 100 .
B. 50 .
C. 150 .
D. 200 .
Cu 10. Cho mch in xoay chiu RLC c cun thun cm c t cm L
c th thay i c. Dng ba vn k xoay chiu c in tr rt ln o
in p hiu dng trn mi phn t. iu chnh gi tr ca L th thy in
p hiu dng cc i trn cun cm ln gp 2 ln in p hiu dng cc
i trn in tr. Hi in p hiu dng cc i trn cun cm gp bao
nhiu ln in p hiu dng cc i trn t?
A. 3 ln.
B. 4 ln.
C. 3 ln.
D. 2 / 3 ln.
Cu 11. Mt on mch AB gm hai on mch AM v MB mc
nitip.on mch AM c in tr R = 100 mc ni tip vi t in c
in dung C. on mch MB ch c cun cm thun vi t cm L thay
i c. t in p u = 100 2 cos(100 t +
)(V) vo hai u on
mch AB. iu chnh L in p hiu dng trn cun cm cc i, khi

uAM = 100 2 cos(100 t +
) (V). Gi tr ca C v ln lt l
Page 32
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
Cu 12. Cho on mch RLC mc ni tip, vi cun cm thun c t

cm L thay i c. in p xoay chiu gia hai u on mch lun n
nh. Cho L thay i. Khi L = L1 th in p hiu dng gia hai bn t in
c gi tr ln nht, in p hiu dng gia hai u in tr R bng 220 V.
Khi L = L2 th in p hiu dng gia hai u cun cm c gi tr ln nht
v bng 275 V, in p hiu dng gia hai u in tr bng 132 V. Lc
ny in p hiu dng gia hai bn t in l
A. 96 V.
B. 451 V.
C. 457 V.
D. 99 V.
Cu 13. t in p u = U0cos t (V) (U0 khng i) vo hai u on
mch mc ni tip gm in tr R, t in c in dung C, cun cm
thun c t cm L thay i c. Khi L = L1 in p hiu dng hai
u cun cm c gi tr cc i ULmax v in p hai u on mch sm
pha hn dng in trong mch l 0,235 (0 < < /2). Khi L = L2 in
p hiu dng hai u cun cm c gi tr 0,5ULmax v in p hai u
on mch sm pha so vi cng dng in l . Gi tr ca gn
gi tr no nht sau y:
A. 0,24 rad.
B. 1,49 rad.
C. 1,35 rad.
D. 2,32 rad
Cu 14. t in p u 200 2 cos t V vo hai u on mch AB mc ni
tip theo ng th t gm in tr R, t in c in dung C v cun cm
thun c t cm thay i c. Khi L = L1 in p hiu dng hai u
cun cm c gi tr cc i ULmax v in p hai u on mch sm pha
hn dng in trong mch l 0 . Khi L = L2 in p hiu dng hai u
cun cm c gi tr 0,5 3 ULmax v u sm pha hn dng in trong mch l
0, 250 . Hi ULmax gn gi tr no nht sau y?
A. 320V
B.300V
C.400V
D.350V
Cu 15. t in p u = U0cos t (V) (U0 v khng i) vo hai u
on mch mc ni tip gm in tr R, t in c in dung C, cun cm
thun c t cm L thay i c. Khi L = L1 v L = L2 in p hiu dng
hai u cun cm c cng gi tr; lch pha ca in p hai u on
mch so vi cng dng in ln lt l 0,72 rad v 1,05 rad. Khi
L = L0 in p gia hai u cun cm t cc i; lch pha ca in p
hai u on mch so vi cng dng in l . Gi tr ca gn gi
tr no nht sau y:
A. 0,41 rad.
B. 1,57 rad.
C. 0,83 rad.
D. 0,9 rad
Cu 16. in p u 200 2 cos100 t V vo hai u on mch AB mc
ni tip theo ng th t gm t in c in dung C 104 / F , in tr
R v cun cm thun c t cm thay i c. Khi L = L1 th in p
hiu dng trn L t cc i v bng 200 2 V . Tm cng sut cc i.
A. 300 W
B. 200W
C. 200 2
D. 400W
Page 33
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
Cu 15. t in p xoay chiu u = U0 cos100 t (V) vo hai u on

mch ni tip gm in tr R = 120 , t in c in dung
C = 1/(9 ) mF v cun cm thun c t cm L thay i c. iu
chnh L = L1 th ULmax. Gi tr no ca L sau y th UL = 0,99ULmax (V)?
A. 3,1/ H.
B. 0,21/ H.
C. 0,31/ H.
D. 1/ H.
Cu 16. t in p xoay chiu n nh vo hai u on mch AB nitip
gm in tr thun R, t in C v cun cm thun c t cm thay i
c.Khi L = L1 hoc L = L2 th hiu in th hai u cun cm bng 270 V
v tng h s cng sut ca on mch c hai trng hp l 1,5. Khi L = L0
th ULmax. H s cng sut ca on mch khi L =L0 gn gi tr no nht
sau y?
A. 0,6
B. 0,9
C.0,7
D. 0,8
Cu 17. t in p u = U0cos t (V) (U0 v khng i) vo hai u
on mch mc ni tip gm in tr R, t in c in dung C, cun
cm thun c t cm L thay i c. Khi L = L1 th ULmax v lc ny
UR = 0,5ULmax.Khi L = L2 th UCmax. Tnh t s ULmax/UCmax l
A. 0,41.
B. 2 .
C. 3 .
D. 2 .
Cu 18. t in p: u = 150 2 cos100 t (V) vo on mch AB ni tip
theo th t gm cun cm thun c t cm L thay i c, in tr
thun R v t in c in dung C. iu chnh L UL = ULmax/2
(bit ULmax = 400 V) khi URC gn nht gi tr no sau y?
A. 240 V.
B. 220V.
C. 250 V.
D. 315,5 V.
Cu 19. t in p: u = 120 2 cos100 t (V) vo on mch AB ni tip
gm hai on mch AM v MB. on mch AM l mt cun cm thun c
t cm L thay i c. on MB gm in tr thun R = 40 3 mc
ni tip vi t in c in dung C = 0,25/ (mF). iu chnh C tng
in p hiu dng (UAM + UMB) t gi tr cc i. Tm gi tr cc i ca
tng s ny.
A. 240 V.
B. 120 3 V.
C. 120 V.
D. 120 2 V.
b. Bi tp cc tr lin quan n C thay i UCmax
Bi 1. Cho mch in ni tip gm in tr 20 cun dy c t cm
1, 4
(H) v in tr thun 30 v t xoay c in dung thay i C. in
p gia hai u on mch: u = 100 2 cos100 t (V). Tm C in p

hiu dng gia hai u t in t gi tr cc i. Tm gi tr cc i .
Bi 2. Cho on mch xoay chiu RLC vi in dung C c th thay i
c gi tr. iu chnh C thay i dung khng ZC ca t th thy: Khi
ZC 50 th cng sut tiu th ca mch ln nht, khi ZC 55 th in
p hiu dng trn t ln nht. Tnh in tr R.
A. 5 2
B. 5 10
C. 5 3
D. 5
Page 34
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
Bi 3. (H-2011) t in p xoay chiu u = U 2 cos100 t (U khng i,

t tnh bng s) vo hai u on mch mc ni tip gm in tr thun R,
cun cm thun c t cm 0, 2 / (H) v t in c in dung C thay
i c. iu chnh in dung ca t in in p hiu dng gia hai
bn t in t gi tr cc i. Gi tr cc i bng U 3 . in tr R
bng
A. 10 .
B. 20 2 .
C. 10 2 .
D. 20
Bi 4. t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng 160 V vo hai u on
mch RLC ni tip. Khi in p trn on RL lch pha /2 so vi in
p hai u on mch, in p hiu dng trn t bng 200 V. in p hiu
dng trn in tr R l
A. 120 V.
B. 72 V.
C. 96 V.
D. 40 V.
Bi 5. Mch in ni tip gm cun dy c t cm L v in tr thun
R v t xoay c in dung thay i C. in p gia hai u on mch:
u 30 2 cos100 t V . iu chnh C in p hiu dng trn t in t
gi tr cc i v bng 50 V. Khi in p hiu dng trn cun dy l
A. 20 (V).
B. 40 (V)
100 (V).
D. 30 (V).
Bi 6. Mt cun dy mc ni tip vi t in c in dung C thay i c
ri mc vo ngun in xoay chiu u = U0 cost (V). Thay i C in p
hiu dng trn t cc i th gi tr cc i ng bng 2U0. in p hiu
dng gia hai u cun dy lc ny l
A. 3,5U0.
B. 3U0.
C. U0 3,5 .
D. 2U0
Bi 7. Cho mch in xoay chiu ni tip gm in tr R cun dy thun
cm v t in c in dung thay i. in p gia hai u on mch c
gi tr hiu dng U. Khi in dung thay i in p hiu dng trn t
cc i th dng in qua mch sm pha hn in p hai u mch l / 3
. in p hiu dng trn t cc i l
A. U.
B. 2U.
C. U 3 .
D. 2U / 3
Bi 8. mch in xoay chiu R, L, C mc ni tip theo th t (cun cm
thun). in dung C c th thay i c. iu chnh C in p hai
u C l ln nht. Khi in p hiu dng hai u in tr R l 150 V.
Khi in p tc thi hai u on mch l 100 3 V th in p tc thi
gia hai u on mch cha RL l -300 V. Tnh tr hiu dng ca in p
hai u on mch AB.
A. 100 3 V.
B. 615 V.
C. 200 V.
D. 300 V.
Bi 9. t in p u = 150 2 cos t vo hai u on mch mc ni tip
gm t in c in dung C thay i c, in tr thun R v cun cm
thun. Bit h s cng sut on RL l 0,6. Khi C thay i th UCmax bng
A. 100 (V).
B. 150 (V).
C. 300 (V).
D. 250 (V).
Page 35
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
Bi 10. t in p u = 200 2 cos t vo hai u on mch mc ni tip

gm t in c in dung C thay i c, in tr thun R, v cun cm
thun. in p uRL lch pha vi dng in l / 4 . iu chnh C u sm
hn i l / 6 th UL bng
A. 100 (V).
B. 150 (V).
C. 300 (V).
D. 73,2 (V).
Bi 11. Cho on mch AB ni tip gm hai on mch AM v MB. on
mch AM l mt cun dy c in tr thun R 40 3 v t cm
L 0, 4 / (H), on mch MB l mt t in c in dung C thay i c,
C c gi tr hu hn v khc khng. t vo AB mt in p:
uAB 120 2 cos100 t (V). iu chnh C tng in p hiu dng
(UAM + UMB) t gi tr cc i. Tm gi tr cc i ca tng s ny.
A. 240 V.
B. 120 3 V
C. 120 V.
D. 120 2 V
Bi 12. t in p xoay chiu u = U0 cos100 t (V) vo hai u on
mch ni tip gm, in tr R = 100 , cun cm thun c t cm
L 2 / (H), t in c in dung C thay i c. iu chnh C = C1 th
Ucmax. Gi tr no ca C sau y th UC = 0,98 UCmax (V)?
A. 4,4 / F
B. 44 / F .
C. 3,6 / F .
D. 2 / F
Bi 13 .t in p u U 2 cos t V vo hai u on mch RLC mc ni
tip c C thay i c. Khi C C1 th in p hai u t in t gi tr
cc i, gi tr cc i l 100 5 V . Khi C 2,5C1 th cng dng
in tr pha / 4 so vi hai u on mch. Gi tr ca U l?
A. 50 V
B. 100 V
C. 100 2 V
D. 50 5 V
Bi 14. (Qung Tr 2016).Cho mch in xoay chiu khng phn nhnRLC
trong C l t xoay cn L l cun dy thun cm. in p gia hai u
on mch c gi tr hiu dng v tn s khng i, hai u in tr
thun R v t xoay C c cc vn k l tng V1 v V2 . iu chnh gi tr
ca C s ch ca V1 cc i l U1, khi s ch ca V2 l 0,5U1. Khi s ch
ca V2 cc i l U2, th s ch caV1 lc l
A. 0,6U2.
B. 0,5U2.
C. 0,7U2.
D. 0,4U2.
Page 36
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
PHN D - BI TON LIN QUAN N L,C THAY I

URLmax,URCmax
1. Khi L thay i URLmax.
Cch chng minh khng lin quan n gc.
Z 4 R 2 Z C2
Z L C
2
Kt qu
U
max
U
1 C
ZL
U
U
U
U
2
U RL Z RL . R 2 Z RL
.
2
Z
1 y
Z 2 2Z .Z
R 2 Z L ZC
1 C 2 L 2 C
R ZL
Xt hm s y
ZC2 2Z L .ZC
ZC2 2ZC x 0.x 2 2ZC .x ZC2
ZL x
C
R 2 Z L2
R2 x2
x 2 0.x R 2
0 2ZC 2
0 ZC2
2ZC
x 2
.x
2
1
0
1 R
0
Tnh y '
2
MS
ZC2
R2
2ZC x 2 2ZC2 x 2ZC R 2
MS 2
Z 4 R 2 Z C2
ZL C
2
y ' 0 x 2 Z C .x R 2 0
2
2
Z ZC 4 R ZC
L
2
BBT
x
y'
y
x1
0 0
x2
0
ZC
R
ymin
max
U RL
U RL
U .R
Z RC
Vy t BBT cho ta nhn xt.

Page 37
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
ZC 4 R 2 ZC2
ymin x Z L
2ZC
ymin
4 R 2 ZC2 ZC
max
U RL
U
1 ymin
U
1
ZC
ZL
iu phi chng minh.

Cch chng minh a v bin gc.
*T cng thc tan
Z ZC R tan
Z L ZC
L
R
Z L ZC R tan
R 2 R tan ZC
Ta c U RL U
R R tan
2
1Z Z
U 1 C C
2 R
R
1 ZC
sin 2 2 R cos 2
Z
1Z Z
t y sin 2 C cos 2 U RL U 1 C C . y
2R
2 R
R
Nhn thy U RL max ymax By gi ta i kho st hm s y.

Nhc li kin thc ton v hm lng gic
Gi s cho hm y a.s inx b.cosx y a 2 b 2

t sin x
a
a b
2
cos x
b
a b2
2
2
2
a b
a
Vi tan x
b
s inx
cosx
a 2 b2
*p dng cho bi ton vt l trn
ZC
2
1
ZC
2
R
y
sin 2
cos 2 1
2
2
2R
Z
Z
1 C
C
1
2R
2R
ZC
1
2R
2R
cos 2
tan 2
t sin 20
2
2
ZC
Z
Z
1 C
1 C
2R
2R
Thay li vo y ta c
2
Z
Z
y 1 C cos 2 cos 20 sin 2 sin 20 1 C cos 2 20
2R
2R
Hm s t cc i khi 2 20 ymax
Z
1 C
2R
Thay vo biu thc
ca U RL ta c
Page 38
IN XOAY CHIU
U RL max
THY HONG MICHAEL
2
2
1
U 1
.
U
2
tan 20 tan 20 sin 20
Kt lun: U RL max
1 cos 20
sin 20
2
U
tan 0
U
2R
tan 0
tan 0
ZC
Nu U RL1 U RL 2 21 20 22 20 0
1 2
2
2. Khi C thay i URCmax

a. Cch chng minh khng lin quan n gc.
Z 4 R 2 Z L2
ZC L
2
Kt qu
U
max
U RC
Z
1 L
ZC
U
U
U
U
2
U RC Z RC . R 2 Z RC
.
2
Z
1 y
Z 2 2Z .Z
R 2 Z L ZC
1 L 2 C2 L
R ZC
Z L2 2Z L .ZC ZC x
Z L2 2Z L x 0.x 2 2Z L .x Z L2
Xt hm s y
R 2 ZC2
R2 x2
x 2 0.x R 2
0 2Z L 2
0 Z L2
2Z L
x 2
.x
2
1
0
1 R
0
Tnh y '
2
MS
Z L2
R2
2Z L x 2 2Z L2 x 2Z L R 2
MS 2
Z 4 R 2 Z L2
ZC L
2
y ' 0 x 2 Z L .x R 2 0
2
2
Z Z L 4R Z L
C
2
BBT
0 0
y'
y
y
U RC
x2
0 0
ZL
ymin
+
00
max
U RC
U .R
Z RL
Page 39
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
Vy t BBT cho ta nhn xt.

ymin x Z C
Z L 4 R 2 Z L2
2Z L
1
U
max
ymin
U RL
U
2
1 ymin
Z
4 R 2 Z L2 Z L
1 L
ZC
iu phi chng minh.

Cch chng minh a bin cm khng ZL v bin gc.
*T cng thc tan
Z ZC R tan
Z L ZC
L
R
ZC Z L R tan
R 2 R tan Z L
Ta c U RL U
R 2 R 2 tan 2
1Z Z
1 ZL
U 1 L L sin 2
cos 2
2 R
R
2 R
Z
Z
1 Z
t y sin 2 L cos 2 U RC U 1 L L . y
2R
2 R
R
Nhn thy U RL max ymax By gi ta i kho st hm s y.

Nhc li kin thc ton v hm lng gic
Gi s cho hm y a.s inx b.cosx y a 2 b 2

t sin x
a
a 2 b2
cos x
b
a 2 b2
2
2
a b
a
Vi tan x
b
s inx
cosx
a 2 b2
*p dng cho bi ton vt l trn
ZL
2
1
Z
2
R
y
sin 2
cos 2 1 L
2
2
2R
ZL
1 ZL
2R
2R
ZL
1
2R
2R
cos 2
tan 2
t sin 20
2
2
ZL
ZL
ZL
1
1
2R
2R
Thay li vo y ta c
2
Z
Z
y 1 L cos 2 cos 20 sin 2 sin 20 1 L cos 2 20
2R
2R
Hm s t cc i khi 2 20 ymax 1 L
2R
ca U RC ta c
Z
Thay vo biu thc
Page 40
IN XOAY CHIU
U RC max
THY HONG MICHAEL
2
2
1
U 1
.
U
2
tan 20 tan 20 sin 20
Kt lun: U RC max
1 cos 20
sin 20
2
U
tan 0
U
2R
tan 0
tan 0
ZL
Nu U RC1 U RC 2 21 20 22 20 0
1 2
2
V D MINH HA
V d 1. t in p xoay chiu n nh 120 V 50 Hz vo hai u on
mch AB ni tip gm cun cm thun c t cm L thay i, in tr
thun R = 30 v t in c dung khng 80 . Thay i L in
p hiu dng trn on mch cha RL t cc i. Gi tr cc i l
A. 224 V.
B. 360 V.
C. 960 V.
D. 57 V.
Hng dn:
Cch 1 (Cch thng thng)
T cng thc
ZL
ZC 4 R 2 ZC2
2
80 4.302 802
max
90 U RL
Cch 2. T cng thc Umax

RL tan 20
max
U RL
tan 0
2R
tan 0,5arctan

ZC
U
1
ZC
ZL
120
360 V
80
1
90
2R
2R
1
0 arctan
ZC
2
ZC
120
2.30
tan 0,5arctan
80
360 V
V d 2. t in p xoay chiu u = 200 2 cos t (V) vo hai u on

thun R v t in c C. Bit h s cng sut ca on mch RC l 0,8.
Thay i L in p hiu dng trn on mch cha RL t cc i.
Gi tr cc i l
A. 224,8 V.
B. 360 V.
C. 960 V.
D. 288,6 V.
Hng dn:
* cos RC
R
R 2 ZC2
0,8
R 4
2R 8
1
8
tan 20
0 arccos
ZC 3
ZC 3
2
3
Page 41
IN XOAY CHIU
U
tan 0
max
*Khi U RL
THY HONG MICHAEL

200
1
8
tan arccos
3
2
288, 6 V Chn D
V d 3. t in p xoay chiu u U 2 cos 100 t V (U v khng i)

vo mch in khng phn nhnh gm in tr thun R, t in c in
dung C
1
mF v cun dy thun cm c t cm L thay i c.
3
Khi L = L1 v L = L2 in p hiu dng trn on AM c cng gi tr,

nhng lch pha gia in p hai u on mch v dng in ln
lt l 1 0, 25 rad / s v 2 0, 4266 rad / s . Gi tr ca R gn gi tr
no nht sau y?
A. 120
B.15
C. 17
D.38
Hng dn:
L L
1
*Khi
U RL1 U RL 2 0
L L2
1 2
2
max
*Khi L thay i U RL
th
max
U RL
tan 20
* Thay s R
Z .tan 1 2
2 R 20 1 2
2R
tan 1 2
R C
ZC
ZC
2
30 tan 0, 25 0, 4266
2
39,99 Chn D
V d 4. (H - 2014) t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng 200 V v

tn s khng thay i vo hai u on mch AB gm hai on AM v
MB, on AM cha cun cm thun c t cm L v on MB cha
in tr thun R = 200 v t in c in dung C thay i, . iu
chnh in dung C in p hiu dng gia hai u on mch MB t
gi tr cc tiu l U1 v gi tr cc i l U2 = 400 V. Gi tr ca U1 l
A. 173 V.
B. 80 V.
C. 111 V.
D. 200 V
Hng dn:
*T U RC U
R 2 ZC2
R 2 Z L ZC
* So snh U
U .R
R Z
2
2
L
ZC U RC U
1
U .R
U
2
ZC 0 U RC
Z L 2Z L ZC
1
R 2 Z L2
2
2
R ZC
min
min
U RC
Z C 0 U RC
U .R
R 2 Z L2
U1 (2.1)
Page 42
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
Z 4 R 2 Z L2
Z
ZC L
ZC L
2
max
*Li c U RC
U
max
U RC
U1
400
ZL
1
ZC
U .R
min
*Thay cc gi tr vo CT (2.1) U RC
R 2 Z L2
4.2002 Z L2
2
Z 300
L
200
Z C 400
ZL
1
ZC
200.200
2002 3002
111V Chn C
V d 5. Cho on mch gm in tr R, t in C v cun cm thun L

c th thay i c. t vo hai u mch mt in p c biu thc
u 220 2 cos t . Thay i L L1 th thy rng in p hai u on
mch sm pha hn so vi dng in mt gc v in p hiu dng
hai u RC c gi tr l U1. Thay i L L2 th in p hai u on
mch tr pha hn so vi cng dng in mt gc v in p
hiu dng hai u RC l U2. Bit rng
3U 2 4U1
ZC 2 R
2
.
3
C nh L2, thay i C C0 sao cho in p hiu dng hai u RC t

cc i. Gi tr cc i gn vi gi tr no nht sau y?
A. 280V
B. 290V
C. 300V
D. 310V
Hng dn:
*T U RC Z RC
U
cos 1
U
U
U
cos 3
Z RC cos RC1
1
Z
R
U RC 2 cos 2
U 2 cos 4
Kt hp
Vi
ZC 2 R
tan
2
2
4 cos
3cos 0 0,965
3
3
chun ha
R 1 ZC 2
khi
Z L 2 ZC
Z L 2 R tan Z C 1tan 0,965 2 0,56
R
* C nh L2 thay i C
Z L 2 4 R 2 Z L22 0,56 4.12 0,562
1,3
2
2
U
220
max
290 V Chon B
*Khi U RC
ZL
0,56
1
1
1,30
ZC 0
max
U RC
ZC 0
BI TP T LUYN
Bi 1. t in p xoay chiu n nh vo hai u on mch AB ni tip
gm cun cm thun c t cm L thay i, in tr thun R = 30 v
Page 43
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
t in c dung khng 80 . Thay i L in p hiu dng trn on

mch cha RL t cc i. Cm khng ca cun cm thun lc ny l
A. 50 .
B. 180 .
C. 90 .
D. 56 .
Bi 2. : t in p xoay chiu u = U 2 cos t (V) vo hai u on mch
AB ni tip theo th t gm cun cm thun c t cm L thay i,
in tr thun R = 30 v t in c dung khng 80 . Thay i L
URL t cc i. Lc ny, dng in
A. tr hn u l / 2 .
B. sm hn u l 0,32 rad.
C. tr hn u l 0,32 rad.
D. sm hn u l / 2 rad.
Bi 2. t in p u = U 2 cos100 t (V) vo hai u on mch mc ni
tip theo ng th t gm cun cm thun c cm khng 120 , in
tr thun R v t in c in dung C thay i. Khi C = C0 th in p hiu
dng trn on mch cha RC t cc i v gi tr cc i bng 2U.
Dung khng ca t lc nyl
A. 160 .
B. 100 .
C. 150 .
D. 200 .
Bi 3. t in p xoay chiu u 100 2 cos 100 t V vo hai u on
thun R v t in C. Khi L = L1 th U RL 40 13 V v u sm pha hn i l
(vi tan 0, 75 ). Khi L = L2 th u sm pha hn i l / 4 v URL = x. Tnh
x.
A. 224,8 V.
B. 360 V.
C. 142,5 V.
D. 288,6 V.
Phn C BHD-2-3-4: BI TON CC TR LIN QUAN N

TN S GC
1. in p hiu dng trn cun cm t cc i.
U L Z L .I
U
R 2 Z L ZC
U
1
1
1
R2 1
.
1.
2
2
L2C 2 4
LC 2 L
U
max ymin
y
CR 2 1
1
1
04
CR 2
1 1
1
2
n
.
1
Xt hm s y 2 2 . 4 2 1 2
Vi
n
LC
2L LC 2
4
2
2L
CR 2
y ta kho lo t n1 1
(V sao t nh vy th cc em xem
2L
phn c thm)
*Hm s y t gi tr cc tiu khi v ch khi x
b
2
hay n1 02 ,
2a
Trong trng hp ny ng vai tr l L L
n
LC
Page 44
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
02
vo biu thc ca y ta c y n2 2n1.n1 1 1 n2 , tip
2
U
U
tc thay vo U L
ta c U Lmax
y
1 n 2
Thay n1
V d 1: Mt on mch khng phn nhnh gm: in tr thun 100

, cun dy thun cm c t cm 15 mH v t in c in
dung 1 F. t vo hai u mch mt in p xoay chiu m ch
tn s thay i c. Khi in p hiu dng hai u cun cm t
gi tr cc i th tn s gc c gi tr l
A. 20000/3 (rad/s).
B. 20000 (rad/s).
C. 10000/3 (rad/s).
D. 10000 (rad/s)
Hng dn:
* Tnh: n 1 1
CR 2
n
2L
*Ta c U L max khi L
1
1
1,5
2
6
CR
10 .1001
1
1
2L
2.15.103
n
1,5
104 (rad/s) Chn D

3
6
LC
15.10 .10
V d 2: t in p u 100 2 cos t (V) (tn s thay i c) vo hai

u on mch khng phn nhnh gm in tr thun 100 , cun dy
thun cm c t cm 15 mH v t in c in dung 1 F, iu chnh
tn s gc in p hiu dng hai u cun cm t gi tr cc i.
Gi tr cc i l
A. 50 V
B. 60 V
C. 6O 5 V
D. 50 5
Hng dn:
*Tnh: n 1 1
U Lmax
U
1 n 2
CR 2
n
2L
120
1 1,52
1
1
1,5
2
6
CR
10 .1001
1
1
2L
2.15.103
60 5(V )
Chn C.
2. in p hiu dng trn t in t cc i.
U C ZC .I
1
.
C
U
1
R 2 L
U
CR 2
2
L2C 2 4 2 1
LC 1
2
L
U
y
Page 45
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
*Xt hm s y L2C 2 4 2 1
2
CR 2
4
2
1
LC
2
n
1
2L
04
02
y ta kho lo t n1 1
phn c thm)
CR 2
(V sao t nh vy th cc em xem
2L
*Hm s y t gi tr cc tiu khi v ch khi x
Trong trng hp ny ng vai tr l C

Thay vo y ta c y 1 n 2
U Cmax
2
b
hay n 1 2
2a
0
1
nLC
, tip tc thay vo U C
U
ta c
y
U
1 n 2
H qu (Chung cho c hai trng hp)

a. H qu1 : Nhn thy R CL , n
2
L f L
CR 2
1
1
C fC
2L
Khi
thay i U Lmax chun ha Z L n; ZC 1 R 2n 2
Khi
thay i U Cmax chun ha ZC n; Z L 1 R 2n 2
b. H qu 2: Khi 1 th U L U v khi 2 th UC
Khi 2 th
C
1
CR 2
U L U Z L1 Z1 Z 2Z L1.ZC1 R
. 2 2 1
n 1
2 L C 1
2L
2
C1
(1)
Khi 2 th
U L U ZC 2 Z 2 Z L22 2Z L 2 .ZC 2 R 2
C 2 2
CR 2
.L 2 1
n 1 (2)
2L
2L
Nhn v theo v ca (1) v (2) ta c:

22
n 1
1f
4n 2 1 L L
2
1
2 2 2C 2 fC
Nu ta t m 1 n 2m V do n 1 n 0,5
2
max
c. H qu 3: lch pha khi thay i U L

Khi
max
v U C
thay i U Lmax chun ha Z L n; ZC 1 R 2n 2 Do
ta c
tan .tan RC
Z L ZC ZC
n 1
1
1
.
R
R
2n 2 2 n 2 2
Page 46
IN XOAY CHIU
tan
Khi
THY HONG MICHAEL
Z L ZC
n 1
n 1
R
2
2n 2
thay i UCmax chun ha ZC n; Z L 1 R 2n 2
Do ta c
tan .tan RL
tan
Z L ZC Z L
1 n
1
1
.
R
R
2n 2 2 n 2 2
Z L ZC
1 n
n 1
R
2
2n 2
1
1 tan 2 ta suy ra c
2
cos
h s cng sut cho c hai trng hp U Lmax v U Cmax l
* p dng cng thc tnh lng gic
cos
2
2
2
f
1 n
1 L
1 L
C
fC
V d 1: Mt on mch khng phn nhnh gm: in tr thun 100 ,

cun dy thun cm c t cm 15 mH v t in c in dung 1 F.
t vo hai u mch mt in p xoay chiu m ch tn s thay i
c. Khi in p hiu dng hai u t in t gi tr cc i th tn
s gc c gi tr l
A. 20000/3 (rad/s).
B. 20000 (rad/s).
C. 10000/3 (rad/s).
D. 10000 (rad/s).
Hng dn:
Tnh:
CR 2
n
2L
1
1
1,5
2
6
CR
10 .1001
1
1
2L
2.15.103
1
1
20000
(rad / s ) Chn A.
3
6
nLC
1,5.15.10 .10
3
n 1 1
V d 2: t in p u 100 2 cos t (V) (tn s thay i c) vo hai

u on mch khng phn nhnh gm in tr thun 100 , cun dy
thun cm c t cm 15 mH v t in c in dung 1 F, iu chnh
tn s gc in p hiu dng hai u t in t gi tr cc i. Gi tr
cc i l
Page 47
IN XOAY CHIU
A. 50 V
THY HONG MICHAEL
B. 60 V
C. 6O
D. 50
Hng dn:
Tnh: n 1 1
U Lmax
U
1 n 2
CR
n
2L
120
1 1,52
1
1
1,5
2
6
CR
10 .1001
1
1
2L
2.15.103
60 5(V )
Chn C.
V d 3: Mch in xoay chiu RLC ni tip c tn s gc thay i,

cun dy thun cm. Khi = 100 (rad/s) th in p hiu dng trn
hai u t t cc i, cn khi = 400 (rad/s) th in p hiu
dng trn hai u cun cm t cc i. Khi tn s gc l bao nhiu th
in p hiu dng trn hai u in tr t gi tr cc i?
A. 250 rad/s.
B. 200 rad/s.
C. 500 rad/s.
D. 300
rad/s
Hng dn:
p dng cng thc R2 LL 100 .400 R 200 rad / s Chn B
V d 4: (H - 2013) t in p u = 120 2 cos2 ft (V) (f thay i c)
vo hai u on mch mc ni tip gm cun cm thun c t cm
L, in tr R v t in c in dung C, vi CR2 < 2L. Khi f = f1 th in
p hiu dng gia hai u t in t cc i. Khi f = f2 = 2 f1 th in
p hiu dng gia hai u in tr t cc i. Khi f = f3 th in p
gia hai u cun cm t cc i ULmax. Gi tr ca ULmax gn gi tr no
nht sau y:
A. 85 V
B. 145 V.
C.57 V.
D.173V
Hng dn:
*p dng cng thc
f1 fC
fL
U
120
2 U Lmax
80 3 138,56
f 2 f R 2 f1
2
fC
fL
1
2
f2 f f
1
R
L C
fC
Chn B
V d 5: t in p u U 0 cos 2 ft (V), vi f thay i c, vo on
mch khng phn nhnh gm: in tr thun 100 , cun dy thun
cm c t cm 15 mH v t in c in dung 1 F. Thay i f
Page 48
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
in p hiu dng trn t cc i, khi dng in trong mch

A. tr hn u l 0,1476 .
B. sm hn u l 0,1476 .
C. tr hn u l 0,4636 .
D. sm hn u l 0,4636 .
Hng dn.
*Tnh (1 n 1 )
CR 2 1.106.1002 1
1
3
3
1 2
2L
215.10
3
1
3
*Khi thay i UCmax ta p dng cng thc

n 1
tan
3
1
1
2
0, 4636
2
2
Chn D
V d 6: t in p u = U0 cos2 ft (V), vi f thay i c, vo on

mch RLC ni tip (cun dy thun cm). Ln lt thay i f = fC ri
f = fL th in p hiu dng trn t cc i ri in p hiu dng trn
cun cm cc i. Nu 2fL = 3fC th h s cng sut khi f = fL bng bao
nhiu?
A.
2
.
5
B.
3
.
2
B. 0,5
D.
2
7
Hng dn
p dng cng thc c
cos
2
2
2
2
2 f L 3 f C
cos
0,89
fL
3
1 n
5
1
1
2
fC
V d 7: t in p u U 2 cos 2 ft (V) (f thay i) vo hai u on

mch AB mc ni tip theo ng th t gm in tr R, cun cm
thun L c t cm L v t in c in dung C, vi 2L >R2C Khi f = f0
th UCmax v tiu th cng sut bng 0,75 cng sut cc i. Khi f = f0 +
100 Hz th ULmax v h s cng sut ton mch l k. Tm f0 .
A. f0 = 150 Hz.
B. f0=80 Hz
C. f0.=100 Hz
D. f0 = 50 Hz
Hng dn:
*Khi fC = f0 th
cos
U C max
ta c P 0, 75Pmax
2
3
2
5
n
1 n
2
1 n
3
Khi fL = f0 + 100 th ULmax suy ra n
P
3
0, 75 cos 2 cos
Pmax
2
f 100 5
fL
0
f 0 150 Hz,
fC
f0
3
Chn A.
Page 49
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
V d 8: t u U 0 cos 2 ft (V) (f thay i) vo hai u on mch AB mc

ni tip theo ng th t gm in tr R, cun cm thun L c t
cm L v t in c in dung C, vi 2L > R2 C. Khi f = fC th UCmax v tiu
th cng sut bng 2/3 cng sut cc i. Khi f = 2 2 fC th h s cng
sut ton mch l
A. 1/ 10 .
B. 3 /2.
C. 0,5.
D. 2/ 13
Hng dn
Khi fC th
U C max
2
3
ta c P Pmax
Khi thay i
U C max
P
2
2
cos 2
n2
Pmax 3
1 n
ZC n
R 2n 2 Vi n = 2
ZL 1
chun ha
2
'
ZC
ZC 2
2 2
1
'
)
Z L 1 Khi f 2 fC Z L 2 2 ( V f Z L
Z
C
R 2
R 2
R
2
2
cos
Chn D
2
'
' 2
2
13
R ( Z L ZC )
2
22 2
2 2

thun L c t cm L v t in c in dung C, vi 2L > R2 C. Khi f =
fL th ULmax v u sm hn i l 0,78 rad. Khi f = 2fL th u sm hn i l
A. 1,22 rad.
B. 1,68 rad.
C. 0,73 rad.
D. 0,78 rad
Hng dn.
Khi f = fL th ULmax v u sm hn i l 0,78 rad nn
cos cos 0,78
2
n3
1 n
Khi U Lmax chun ha Z L n; ZC 1 R 2n 2

Z L 3
Lc ny ZC 1
R2
Z ' L 2.3
1
2.3 0,5
Khi f = 2fL th Z 'C tan
1, 22rad
2
2
R2
Chn A
Page 50
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
V d 10: t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng khng i vo hai

u u on mch AB gm in tr thun R, cun cm thun L mc ni
tip vi t in c in dung C. Khi f = f1 th in p hai u t in t
6
f1 th in p hiu dng hai
2
2
u in tr t cc i.Khi tn s f3
f 2 th in p hiu dng hai
3
gi tr cc t UCmax. K hi tn s l f 2
u t in bng 150. Gitr UCmax gn gi tr no nht sau y?

A.200V
B.220V
C.120V
D.180V
Hng dn:
2
f
f
Tnh n L R 1,5 ; Khi U C max ta chun ha
fC fC
ZC n 1,5
R 2n 2 1
ZL 1
1,5
2
1,5
ZC 2
2
2
1 2
R 2 Z L'2 Z C'2
U
Z
2
'
1
Khi f3 2 f1 Z L 2 ;
'
1,5
U
Z
Z
C
C
C
R 1
U
150
U C U 150(V) UC max
90 5 Chn A
2
1 n
1 1,52
V d 11 t in p u U 2 cos 2 ft ( f thay i c) vo hai u on

mch AB gm on AM cha cun cm thun L v on MB cha in
tr thun R v t in c in dung C. Bit CR2<2L. Khi 1 1000 2
rad/s hoc 2 1000 3 rad/s th mch tiu th cng cng sut. Khi
3 hoc 4 3 36,9 rad/s th in p hiu dng trn t bng
1,34U. Tm in p hiu dng trn t t cc i.
Hng dn.

1
cos 0 12 1000 2.1000 3 1565 rad/s
Khi
2
3
U C k.U
Khi
Page 51
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
U C ZC .
R 2 Z L ZC
1
.
C.
U
1
R L
C

CR 2
L C . 2 1
2L
2
LC 1
k .U
LC 2

CR 2
0
2
2
1
2
L C . 2 1
LC. 1 k 0 2n 1 k 0
2L
0
0
2
p dng nh l Viet
2 2
C 3 C 4 2n 1 n 1,5
0 0
2
2
C 3 C 4
1259 (rad )
C 4 C 3 36,9
2
C3
.
1 k
C 4 1296 (rad )
0 0
1565
C 0
1278 (rad / s)
n
1,5
Ch :
Khi thay i th U L U th ta chun ha
Z L Z m; ZC 1 R 2m 1
Z Z
m 1
1
1
Khi : sin L C
Z
m
m
Khi thay i 1 th U L U th ta chun ha
ZC Z m;ZL 1 R 2m 1
Khi : sin
Z L ZC 1 m 1
1
Z
m
m

thun L c t cm L v t in c in dung C, vi 2L > R2 C. Khi f =
f1 thUL = U v tiu th cng sut bng 0,75 cng sut cc i. Khi f = f2
= f1 - 100 Hz th UC = U. Khi f = fL th ULmax , h s cng sut v tn s f1
mch lc ny l . Tn s f1 v cos c th l
A. f1 = 200 Hz.
B. cos 0,92
C. cos 0, 686
D. f1 150 Hz
Hng dn
*Khi f = f1 th UL = U ta c ta c cos 1
3
1
Sin
2
2
Page 52
IN XOAY CHIU
*Chun
ha
m 3
m2
THY HONG MICHAEL
2
Z L m
m
Z L ZC m 1
1
R 2m 1 Sin
Z
m
2
ZC 1
m2
f1
f1
f1 200 Hz
f 2 f1 100
f1
f1
f1 200 Hz
f 2 f1 100
* Khi f = fL th ULmax th cos
2
2
n 2 m 4
cos
0,632
1 n
1 4
Chn A
mch AB mc ni tip gm on AM cha cun cm thun t cm L,
on MB cha in tr R v t in C, vi 2L > CR2 . Khi f = f1 th UL = U
v tit th cng sut bng 0,75 cng sut cc i. Khi f = f2 = f1 90 Hz
th UL = UC. Khi f = f1 130 Hz th in p trn on MB l 300 V. Ga tr
ca U gn gi tr no nht sau y?
A. 250 V
B. 270 V
C. 290 V
D. 300 V
Hng dn:
*Khi
f f1 U L U
Z L m Z
R 2m 1
ZC 1
chun ha
3
1
sin 1
2
2
f1
f1
Z ZC m 1 1
sin 1 L
m 2 f f 90 f1 180 Hz
Z
m
2
2
1
Z L ZC m 1
f1
2 f
1
m 1
f1 180 Hz L
sin 1
3 f 2 f1 90
Z
m
2
*Lc ny P 0, 75Pmax cos 1
ZL 2
* tn s f1 180Hz ta thu c m = 2 nn Z C 1
R 3
*Khi f3 f1 30 180 50 130 Hz
f3 5
5
f3
f1 ;
f1 18
18
Page 53
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
5 10
'
Z L 2. 18 18
5
18
f3
f1 Z C'
18
5
R 3
U RC Z RC
U
Z
* Suy ra U
R 2 Z C'2
R 2 Z L' Z C'
18
3
5
1,14
2
2
10 18
3
18 5
3
U RC 300
263 (V) Chn B

1,14 1,14
V d 14. (Thi th Nam n 2016): t in p xcc gi tr hiu dng

U = 120 V, tn s f thay i c vo hai u m gm cun dy thun
cm L, R v C mc ni tip theo th t . Khi tn s l f1 th in p
hai u on mch cha RC v in p hai u cun dy L lch pha
nhau mt gc 1350. Khi tn s l f2 th in p hai u on mch cha
RL v in p hai u t in lch pha nhau mt gc 1350. Khi tn s l
f3 th xy ra hin tng cng hng. Bit rng
f2 f2
96
.
2
25
f 3 f1
iu
chnh tn s n khi in p hiu dng hai u t in t gi tr cc

i l UCmax. Gi tr UCmaxgn gi tr no nht sau y?
A. 123 V.
B. 223 V.
C. 130 V.
D.180,3 V.
Hng dn:
*Dng gin vect trt ta suy ra c
f f1 U RC max RC L 1350 R Z C1
2 CR 2
0
1
L
f f 2 U RC max RL C 135 R Z L 2
1
*Khi f f3 3
LC
CR 2
2
2
2
1, 6 2(1 n 1 ) n 5
f 2 f 2 96
CR 2 CR 2 96
L
4
0 2
2

25
L L 25
CR
f3 f1
1
L 2, 4 2(1 n ) n 5( L)
*T : U L max
U
1 n
120
1 52
50 6 (V) Chn A
Page 54
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
V d 15: Cho mch in AB gm cun dy thun cm L, in tr t in

c in dung C mc ni tip theo ng th t trn. Gi M l im ni
gia L v R. t vo hai u AB mt in p xoay chiu c biu thc
u u 2 cos t (V)( tn s thay i c). Khi 1 th in p gia hai
u cc on AN v MB vung pha vi nhau. Khi U AN 50 5 (V),
U MB 100 5 . Thay i tn s gc n gi tr 2 100 2 (rad/s) th in
p hiu dng hai u cun cm thun t gi tr cc i. Gi tr cc i
ca 1 l
Hng dn:
* RL RC
tan RL .tan RC
* Khi 2 L U L max
CR 2
1
1 2 1 n1 n 2
L
ZC 1
ZC 1
n2
chun ha
R 2n 2 Z L 2
ZL n
R 2
Z C 1/ k
U
Z
Khi 1 k2 Z L 2k RL RL
U RC Z RC
R 2
2 4k 2 1
1
k
1
2
2 2
2 2
k
Suy ra 1 k2 50 (rad/s)
V d 16: t in p u U 2 cos t (V) ( thay i) vo hai u on
mch AB m ni tip gm on AM cha in tr thun R ni tip
cun cm thun c t cm L v on MB cha t in c in dung
C thay i c. C nh C = C1 thay i n gi tr C th in p
hiu dng cc i khi h s cng sut ca mch AB l k. C nh
C thay i C U AM U MB t cc i th lc ny h s cn sut
ca on mch AB l 0,82. Gi tr k gn gi tr no nht sau y?
A. 0,8
B. 0,2
C.0,6
D.0,4
Hng dn:
*Khi thay i U C max chun ha
2
cos 1
ZC n
1 n
R 2n 2
(1)
ZL
1
L
tan RL
R
2n 2
*C nh C thay i C: U RL UC max cos 2 0,82 2 arccos0,82
Da vo cng thc c chng minh phn L thay i ta c ngay

Page 55
IN XOAY CHIU
22 RL
tan RL
THY HONG MICHAEL

1
0,37
tan 22
(2)
*Nhn thy gc RL trong hai TH khng i nn kt hp (1) v (

tan RL
ZL
1
2
0,37 n 4, 65 cos 1
0,59 Chn C
1 4, 65
2n 2
Lu : cc gc ch xt v ln. Khi C thay i ta v gin vecto

tm tng in p t cc i, nh l gc RL l khng i nn n l mt
hng s.
Trng hp c nh thay i L tng in p trn t cc ai ta
cng hon ton lm tng t v nh rng gc RC l khng i.
V d 17. (Hng c 2016) t in p u U 2 cos t V ( U khng i v
c th thay i c) vo hai u on mch AB ni tip gm cun
cm thun c t cm L, t in c in dung C v in tr R sao
cho CR 2 2 L . Khi 1 th UCmax. Khi 2 41 / 3 th ULmax=332,61 V.
C nh 2 thay i C in p hiu dng trn t cc i v gi tr
cc i l
A. 220V
B.348V
C.421V
D.331V
Hng dn:
*Khi 2 ta chun ha
4
n L
Z L n
R 6 / 3
2 6
C 3
R 2n 2
tan RL
3
Z L 4 / 3
ZC 1
U
2
U U Lmax . 1 n2 332,61. 1 4 / 3 220 V
*Khi U Lmax UCmax
1 n2
* C nh thay i C ta c
U
max
C
0 RL
U
U
2
U Cmax
sin 0
cos RL
220
2 6
cos arctan

421V Chn C
V d 18: Cho mch in xoay chiu gm cc phn t in tr thun R,

cun dy c t cm L
6, 25
(H) v t in c in dung C
103
(F ) .
4,8
t vo hai u on mch mt in p c biu thc

u 200 2 cos t (V) c tn s thay i c. Thay i thy
Page 56
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
rng lun tn ti 1 30 2 (rad/s) hoc 2 40 2 (rad/s) th in p

hiu dng hai u cun dy c gi tr bng nhau. in p cc i trn
cun dy gn gi tr no nht sau y
A. 200 (V)
B. 220 (V)
C.210 (V)
D.250 (V)
Hng dn:
*Hai gi tr cho cng U L nn gi tr ca 0 t cc i l
L2
max
*UL
1 2
1 22 L 48
2
U
1 n2
200
1 32
LC
n
6, 25 103
.
4,8
n3
150 2 212 (V) Chn C
V d 19. Cho on mch AB gm in tr thun R, t in C c in dung

thay i c v cun cm thun c t cm L. t vo hai u mch
mt in p xoay chiu u U0 cos t V ( thay i c). Khi
1 th hiu in th hai u t t cc i v bng 330 2 (V). Khi
2 31 th in p hiu dng hai u cun cm t cc i. C nh
2 thay i C in p hiu dng trn on mch RC t cc i.
Gi tr cc i l?
A. 550 V
B. 600
C. 880 V
D. 900V
Hng dn:
*Ta c n
L 2
3 U U Lmax . 1 n 2 330 2. 1 32 440 V

C 1
Z L 3
Z L n
n 3
R 2n 2 ZC 1
* tn s gc 2 ta chun ha
ZC 1
R2
max
ZC
*C nh 2 thay i C: U RC
max
*D U RC
U
1
ZL
ZC
Z L 4 R 2 Z L2 3 4.22 32
4
2
2
440
880 V Chn C.
4
1
1
V d 19. (Chuyn Vinh ln 3 _ 2016) Cho mch in ni tip theo th t

gm t in C, in tr R, cun dy thun cm c t cm thay i
c. t vo hai u mch mt in p xoay chiu u U 0 cos 2 ft , vi f
cng thay i c. Ban u tn s c gi l f f1 , thay i L
in p hiu dng hai u on cha R v L t cc i th c nh gi
Page 57
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
tr tr L ny, ng thi nhn thy gi tr L tha mn L CR 2 / 2 . Sau

cho f thay i n khi f f 2 f1 / 2 th hiu in th hai u t in
t cc i. By gi mun cng dng in trong mch t cc i
cn phi tnghay gim tn s bao nhiu ln so vi f1 ?
A. Tng
4 3
ln
3
2 3
ln
3
B. Tng
C Gim
2 3
4 3
ln D.Tng
ln
3
3
Hng dn:
ZC 2 n
1

R 2n 2 C 2 0 0
LC
n
ZL2 1
* tn s f2 ta chun ha
Z C1 n / 2
Z 4 R 2 Z C21
max
Z L1 C1
* Khi f1 2 f 2 Z L1 2 lc ny U RL
2
2
n
*Thay s 2
C 2
0
n
n / 2 4 2n 2 n / 2
n 1,33... Ans
0
2 3
Chn B
n Ans
2
3
Lu : bc 3: Cc em dng chc nng Shift solve tm n nh
V d 20. (Nam n 2016) Cho mch in xoay chiu gm in tr thun

R khng i, t in c in dng C khng i v cun cm thun c
t cm thay i c mc ni tip. t vo hai u mch hiu in th
xoay chiu u=120 2 cos(.t)V , trong thay i c. C nh L=L1
thay i , thy khi = 120 rad/s th UL c gi tr cc i khi
UC=40 3 V. Sau c nh L=L2=2 L1 thay i , gi tr ca UL c
gi tr cc i l:
A. 40 3 rad/s
B. 120 3 rad/s
C. 60 rad/s D. 100 rad/s
Hng dn:
*Khi L L1 U Lmax
1
CR
2 1 n11
L1
(1)
Z L n1
n1
R 2n1 2 L1
L1C
ZC 1
chun ha
*Lc ny
(2)
U C ZC
40 3
1
n1 2
2
U
Z
120
2n1 2 n1 1
*Khi L2 2 L1 U Lmax
2
CR 2
2 1 n22
2 L1
(3)
Page 58
IN XOAY CHIU
Lp t
THY HONG MICHAEL
1
4
n 2
n2
3
3
1
n2
L 2
1
120
2L C
L 2
40 3 (rad/s) Chn A
*Khi L 2
L1
L1
3
3
L2
V d 20. t in p u U 2 cos t V ( U khng i, thay i c)

vo hai u on mch AB mc ni tip gm cun cm thun c t
cm L, i tr R v t in c in dung C thay i c. C nh 1
thay i C n gi tr C1 th tng in p hiu dng U RL UC t cc
i v bng 1,74U. C nh C 0,5C1 thay i n gi tr 2 th in
p hiu dng trn C cc i. Tm t s 2 / 1 ?
A. 0,6
B. 0,9
C. 1,0
D. 1,4
Hng dn:

R 2n 2
*C nh C 2
chun ha C 2
Z
1
C
0,5
C
L
1
*Gi s 2 k1 , li c C2 0,5C1 Z C 2
nk
Z C1
2 Z C1
2
Z L 1/ k

21 RL 2
tan 1 0, 7
*C nh 1
C
tan RL 0,36
U RL U C U 1, 74U
sin 1
1/ k nk / 2
2n 2 0, 7 k 1, 42 k 2
1
k 1, 42 Chn D
*Hay
1/
k
n
2,92
0,36
2n 2
V d 21: (Qung tr 2016) t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu duungj

khng i vo hai u on mch mc ni tip gm in tr thun R, t
200
F v cun cm thun c t cm L thay i
3
1
c. Ban u c dnh L L1 H , iu chnh tn s f f1 th i p
in c in dung
hiu dng hai u cun cm t cc i v bng 60 10 V . Sau c

3
H in p hiu dng trn cun
4
1
cm t cc i. iu chnh f f 2 2 f1 v L L3 H th in p
3
nh
f f1
iu chnh L L2
hiu dng hai u t in gn gi tr no nht sau y?

Page 59
IN XOAY CHIU
A. 85 V
L L1
*Khi
f
THY HONG MICHAEL

B.125 V
C.45V
Hng dn
D.65V
Z n
U Lmax chun ha L1
R 2n 2
Z
1
C1
f f
Z L 2 4 / 3 n
1
2
R 2 ZC2
4
2n 2 12
3
max
n
4
C2
L
L2
ZC
3
1
2
L2 3 L1
R
2
n
U
2
*T U Lmax
U U Lmax . 1 n2 60 10. 1 3 / 2 100 2
2
1 n
f 2f
Z L 3 2 / 3 n
Z L3 1
3
1
n
3
U 1 100 2
2
ZC 3 1/ 2 U C ZC . .
20 10 63, 2 V
1 ZC 3 1/ 2
Z
2
L
L
5
/
2
3 3 1
R 1
R 2n 2
Chn D.
V d 21: t in p u U0 cos 2 ft (f thay i c) vo hai u on
mch RLC. Thay i f f0 th cng sut ca mch t gi tr cc i.
Khi f f1 hoc f f 2 th cng dng in qua mch c gi tr nh
nhau. Bit rng
2 1
1
. Khi f f3 100 Hz th ngi ta thy rng

f1 f 2 25
in p hiu dng hai u R v C khng i. Hi f0 gn vi gi tr no

nht sau y
A. 80 Hz
B. 70 Hz
B. 65 Hz
D.90 Hz
Hng dn:
*Khi f f0 Pmax Z L ZC chun ha Z L 1 ZC 1
f f
1
I f1. f 2 f 02 ( Phng php nh gi hm s)
*Khi
f f2
*T
2 1
2 1
1 2 2
f1 f 2 f02
2
.

f0 50 2 Hz
f1 f 2
f 2 f1
25
f0
(1)
ZL k
R 2 ZC2
U RC U
f Z L 2Z C k 2
R 2 Z L ZC
ZC 1/ k
*Khi f3 kf1
f 100
f0 50 2
*Do f3 2 f0
3
f 0 50 2
*T (1) v (2) ta c
f 0 50 2
(2)
f 0 50 2 70, 7 Hz
BI TP T LUYN:
Page 60
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
Bi 1 Cho on mch khng phn nhnh gm in tr thun 80

,cundy c in tr trong 20 c t cm 0,318H, t in c in
dung 15,9 F. t vo hai u mch in mt dng in xoay chiu c
tn s f thay i c. Khi in p hiu dng hai u t C t gi tr
cc i th tn s f c gi tr l
A. f = 70,45 Hz.
B. f = 192,6 Hz.
C. f = 61,3 Hz.
D. f = 385,1 Hz
Bi 2 t in p u = 50 2 cos t (V) ( thay i c) vo hai u
on mch mc ni tip gm cun cm thun c t cm L, in tr R
v t in c in dung C, vi CR2 < 2L. Khi = 100 rad/s th in p
hiu dng gia hai u t in t cc i U C max . Khi 120 rad/s th
in p gia hai u cun cm t cc i. Gi tr ca U C max gn gi tr
no nht sau y?
A. 85V
B. 145 V.
C. 57 V.
D.173 V.
Bi 3. Mt on mch khng phn nhnh gm: in tr thun 100 ,
cun dy thun cm c t cm 12,5 mH v t in c in dung 1 F.
t vo hai u mch in mt in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng
200 V v c tn s thay i c. Gi tr cc i ca in p hiu dng
trn t l
A. 300 (V).
B. 200 (V).
C. 100 (V).
D. 250 (V)
Bi 4. t in p u = U0 cos2 ft (V), vi f thay i c, vo on
mch RLC ni tip (cun dy thun cm). Ln lt thay i f = fC
ri f = fL th in p hiu dng trn t cc i ri in p hiu dng
trn cun cm cc i. Nu fL = 7fC th h s cng sut khi f = fL bng
bao nhiu?
A.
2
.
5
B.
3
.
2
B. 0,5
D.
2
7
Bi 5. t in p u U 2 cos 2 ft (V) (f thay i) vo hai u on

thun L c t cm L v t in c in dung C, vi 2L >R2C Khi
f = f0 th UCmax v tiu th cng sut bng 2/3 cng sut cc i. Khi
f = f0 + 100 Hz th ULmax v h s cng sut ton mch l k. Tm f0 .
A. f0 = 150 Hz.
B. f0=80 Hz
C. f0.=100 Hz
D. f0 = 50 Hz
Bi 6. t in p u = U0 cos2 ft (V) (f thay i) vo hai u on
mch AB mc ni tip theo ng th t gm in tr R, cun cm thun
L c t cm L v t in c in dung C, vi 2L > R2 C. Khi f = f2 th UC
= U v tiu th cng sut bng 0,75 cng sut cc i. Khi f = fL th ULmax
v h s cng sut ca mch l
Page 61
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
5
2
1
.
C.
D.
.
7
5
3
Bi 7. t in p u U 2 cos 2 ft (V) (f thay i) vo hai u on
A.
6
.
7
B.
mch AB mc ni tip gm on AM cha cun cm thun c t cm

L v in tr thun R, on MB cha t in c in dung C, vi 2L > R2
C. Khi f = f1 th UL = U v tiu th cng sut bng 8/9 cng sut cc i.
Khi f = f2 th in p hai u on MB t cc i. Tm h s cng sut
ca mch lc ny l .
A. 0.926 hoc 0.632
B. 0,969 hoc 0,664
C 0,979 hoc 0,668
D. 0,939 hoc 0,656
Bi 8. t in p u = U0 cos2 ft (V) (f thay i) vo hai u on
mch AB mc ni tip theo ng th t gm in tr R, cun cm thun
c t cm L v t in c in dung C, vi 2L > R2 C. Khi f = f2 th UC =
U v tiu th cng sut bng 0,75 cng sut cc i. Khi f = fL th ULmax v
h s cng sut ca mch l
A.
6
.
7
B.
2
.
5
C.
5
7
D.
1
.
3
Bi 9: : t u U 0 cos 2 ft (V) (f thay i) vo hai u on mch AB mc

ni tip theo ng th t gm in tr R, cun cm thun L c t
cm L v t in c in dung C, vi 2L > R2 C. Khi f = fC th UCmax v tiu
th cng sut bng 2/3 cng sut cc i. Khi f = 2 fC th h s cng sut
ton mch l
A.
5
.
4
B. 0,6.
C. 0,5.
D.
6
3
Bi 10: t in p u U 2 cos 2 ft (f thay i c) vo hai

uomch AB gm on AM cha cun cm thun L v on MB
cha in tr thun R v t in c in dung C. Bit CR2<2L. Khi
1 80 rad/s hoc 2 160 rad/s th mch tiu th cng cng
sut. Khi 3 hoc 4 3 7,59 rad/s th in p hiu dng trn
t bng 2U / 3 . Tm in p hiu dng trn cun cm t cc i.
A. 160 (rad/s) B.120 (rad/s)
C. 150 (rad/s) D.140 (rad/s)
Bi 11. Cho mch in xoay chiu gm in tr thun R khng i, t
in c in dng C khng i v cun cm thun c t cm thay i
c mc ni tip. t vo hai u mch hiu in th xoay chiu u=120
2 cos(.t ) V , trong thay i c. C nh L=L1 thay i , thy khi
210 rad/s th UL c gi tr cc i khi UC=40 3 V. Sau c nh
L=L2=2L1 thay i , gi tr ca UL c gi tr cc i l:
A. 70 3 rad/s
B. 120 3 rad/s
C. 150 3 rad/s
D. 50 3 rad/s
Page 62
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
Bi 12. Cho mch in ni tip theo th t gm t in C, in tr R,

cun dy thun cm c t cm thay i c. t vo hai u mch
mt in p xoay chiu u U 0 cos 2 ft , vi f cng thay i c. Ban u
tn s c gi l f f1 , thay i L in p hiu dng hai u on
cha R v L t cc i th c nh gi tr tr L ny, ng thi nhn thy
gi tr L tha mn L CR 2 / 2 . Sau cho f thay i n khi f f 2 f1 / 2
th hiu in th hai u t in t cc i, h s cng sut ca on
mch lc ny gn gi tr no nht sau y?
A. 0,9
B. 0,8
C. 0,7
D. 0,6
Bi 13. t in p u U 2 cos t (V) ( thay i c) vo on mch
AB ni tip gm hai on mch AM v MB. on mch AM cha in tr
thun R v cun cm thun c t cm L. on MB cha t in c in
dung C thay i c. C nh 0 thay i C n gi tr C = C0 th tng
in p hiu dng U AM U MB t gi tr cc i th h s cng sut ca
mch AB l 0,96. C nh C = C0 thay i UCmax th h s cng sut
mch AB l
A. 0,83.
B. 0,95.
C. 0,96.
D. 0,78.
Bi 14. t in p: u U 2 cos t (V) ( thay i c) vo on mch
AB ni tip gm hai on mch AM v MB. on mch AM cha in tr
thun R v t in c in dung C. on MB cha cun cm thun c
t cm L thay i c. C nh 0 thay i L n gi tr L = L0 th
tng in p hiu dng U AM U MB t gi tr cc i th h s cng sut
ca mch AB l
2
. C nh L = L0 thay i UCmax th h s cng
3 /17
sut mch AB l
A. 0,83.
B. 0,95.
C. 0,96.
D. 0,76.
Bi 15. t in p u 120 2 cos t V (U khng i, thay i c) vo
hai u on mch AB mc ni tip gm cun cm thun c t cm L,
i tr R v t in c in dung C thay i c. C nh 1 thay i
C n gi tr C1 th tng in p hiu dng U RL UC t cc i v bng
1,74U. C nh C 0,5C1 thay i n gi tr 2 th in p hiu dng
trn C cc i. Gi tr cc i gn gi tr no nht sau y
A. 170V
B. 160V
C. 150V
D. 140V
Bi ton tng qut 1: Vi hai gi tr ca 1 hoc 2 th mch c
cng h s cng sut, yu cu tnh cc gi tr in p cc i trn U Lmax v
trn U Cmax .
Xut pht t cng thc tnh h s cng sut
Page 63
IN XOAY CHIU
cos
1 tan 1
THY HONG MICHAEL
R
R 2 Z L ZC
cos 2
R2
R 2 L2 2 2
L
1
C C 2
L
1
2 2
2
C C CR tan 2 LC 2 1 2
R2
L
LC 2
L2 2 2
CR 2

tan 2 2 . 1 0 (*)
Tip tc bin i ta c:
0
0 L
p dng nh l Viet cho phng trnh (*) ta c:

2
b
CR 2
tan 2
x1 x2 1 2 2
2a
L
0 0

c
x1.x2 1
a
0
(1)

. 2 1 0 12
0
(2)
Thay (2) vo (1) ta c

1 2
CR 2
2
tan 2
2 1
L
Nhn xt: Nu bi ton cho 1 hoc 2 th mch c cng h s

cng sut cos th ng nhin ta tnh c
CR 2
t suy ra c
L
CR 2
2(1 n 1 ) n , m
L
Tm c n thng qua biu thc trn th t ta hon ton tnh c

gi tr in p cc i trn U Lmax v trn U Cmax nu bi ton yu cu.
V D MINH HA.
V d 1: Cho mach in xoay chiu RLC mc ni tip, cun dy thun
cm. Bit L =CR2. t vo hai u on mch in p xoay chiu n
nh, mch c cng h s cng sut vi hai gi tr ca tn s gc 50
rad/s v 200 rad/s. H s cng sut ca on mch bng
A.
2
13
B.
1
2
C.
1
2
D.
3
12
Hng dn:
1 2
CR
50 200
9
2
2
tan 2
2 1.tan 2 tan 2 cos

2 1
L
200 50
4
13
2
CR2
1
L
Chn A.
cm. Bit L=CR2. t vo hai u on mch in p xoay chiu n
Page 64
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
nh, mch c cng h s cng sut 0,35
3
vi hai gi tr ca tn s
73
gc 1 100 rad/s v 2 . Gi tr ca c th l
A. 50 rad/s
B. 100 / 3 rad/s
C. 100 / 7 rad/s
Hng dn
p dng:
D. 100 / 9 rad/s
1 2

CR 2
1
2
tan 2 1 2 2 1.( 2 1)
2 1
L
2 1
cos
100
2
100
2 1.
1 2
100
9
3
Chn D
V d 2: t in p u U 2 cos t (V ) ( thay i c) vo hai u on
mch AB mc ni tip theo ng th t gm cun cm thun c t
cm L, in tr thun R v t in c in dung C. Khi 1 hoc
41 th mch tiu th cng sut bng nhau v bng 4/13 cng sut
cc i m mch t c. Khi x1 th in p hiu dng trn t cc
i. Tm x
A. 2
B. 2
C. 1,5
D. 3
Hng dn
*p dng CT:
P 0, 75Pmax cos 2
4
3
tan 2
13
2
*p dng
1 2
CR 2
1
CR 2 3 CR 2 3 CRL 21n
2
2
tan 4 2
.

n 4
2 1
L
4
L 2
L
2
2
C x1
0
n
11
n
412
2
x1 x 2
Chn B
cm. Bit L=CR2 . t vo hai u on mch in p xoay chiu n
nh, mch tiu th cng cng sut P0 vi hai gi tr ca tn s f1 v f2.
Khi tn s f3 th in p hiu dng trn t t cc i v lc ny mch
tiu th cng sut P. Nu f1 f 2
5 f3
th t s P/P0 gn gi tr no nht
2
sau y?
Page 65
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
A. 0,82
B. 1,2
C. 0,66
Hng dn
*Mch tiu th cng cng sut P0 nn ta c

Hay
1 2
CR 2
2
tan 2
2 1
L
f1 f 2
CR 2
2 1.tan 2 (V
1 ) ;
f 2 f1
L
cos 3
Khi
D. 2,2
2
2
6
2
cos2 3
1 n
1 2
3
3
f3 U C max
th
f f
f
CR 2
f 0 f1 f 2
2 1 n 1 1 n 2 f 3 0
f3 1 2
L
2
n
5
f1 f 2 2 f 3
f1
f
f
f
5
25
17
f1 f 2
f1 f 2
2
1 2
2
f2
f1
4
f 2 f1 4
f f
f3 1 2
f1 f 2
2
f f 2 tan 0
17
4
2 tan 2 0 cos 2 0
2 1
f1 f 2 17
4
13
f 2 f1 4
P cos 2
2/3
2, 2 Chn D
2 3
P0 cos 0 4 /13
BI TP T LUYN:
Bi 1: Cho mach in xoay chiu RLC mc ni tip, cun dy thun cm.
Bit 2L=CR2. t vo hai u on mch in p xoay chiu n nh,
mch c cng h s cng sut vi hai gi tr ca tn s gc 50 rad/s v
200 rad/s. H s cng sut ca on mch bng
A.
2
13
B.
1
2
C.
1
2
D.
2 34
17
Bi 2. t in p u 125 2 cos t (V ) , thay i c vo on mch ni

tip AMB. on AM gm in tr R ni tip t in, on MB cha cun
dy c in tr r. Bit in p trn on AM lun vung pha vi in p
trn on MB v r = R. Vi hai gi tr 100 rad/s v 56, 25 rad/s
th mch AB c cng h s cng sut v gi tr bng
A. 0,9
B. 0,85
C. 0,91
D. 0,82
Page 66
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
Bi ton tng qut 2: t in p xoay chiu n nh vo hai u on

mch AB mc ni tip (tn s thay i c ) gm in tr R, cun cm
thun L v t in C. Khi f f1 th in p trn R,L, C ln lt l U L U1 ,
U C aU1 v U R bU1 . Khi f 0 kf1 th in p hiu dng trn t t cc i
UCmax. Tm f0 v UCmax.
Hng dn:
Tnh U U R2 U L UC
ZL 1
1
ZL
U L U1
Z
a
Khi f f1 U C aU1 C
Chun ha ZC 1
U bU
ZL 1
Rb
R
1
R b
a
' 1
ZC k
2
k
R2
k
1 b2
Khi f 0 kf1 Z L'

; U C max Z L'2 Z L' .Z C' 2 k f 0
a
2
a 2a
a
Ra
1
1
U C max
Tnh n
2
R
b2
1 ' ' 1
2Z L .ZC
2a
Bnh lun: Tng t ta cng c th tnh cho trng hp khi

f0 kf1 U L max
V d 1: t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng U khng i, tn s f

thay i c vo hai u on mch gm in tr thun R, cun cm
thun L v t in C mc ni tip. iu chnh f = 60 Hz th thy in p
hiu dng hai u R,L,C tng ng l 20 V, 60 V v 10V. iu chnh f = f0
th in p hiu dng gia hai u t in t gi tr cc i U Cmax. Gi tr
ca f0 v UCmax l.
A.40 Hz; 76,9V
B.20 Hz; 72,2V
C.50Hz; 60,8V
D.30Hz ; 30,9V
Hng Dn
Tnh U U R2 U L UC 202 60 10 10 29
2
Page 67
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
U L U1
ZL
6
U L 60
1
Z C
U C 10 U C U1
6
U 20
ZL 3
R
1
U R 3 U1
1
'
Z C k
Z 6
*Chn ZC 1 L
Khi f 0 kf1 Z ' L 6k
R2
R2
2
R
22
1
60
U max U C max Z L'2 Z L' .ZC'
36k 2 6 k f 0
20Hz
2
2
3
3
1
3
U
10 29
n
U C max
72, 2(V )
2
2
2
R
2
1
n
3
1 ' '
1
2 Z L .Z C
2
Chn B
max
3. Mch RLC khi tn s gc thay i U RL
.
max
Bi ton ny l h qu ca bi ton tn s gc thay i U RL
Nguyn nh Yn. (Xem phn c thm).
*Xut pht t CT
U RL Z RL .
U
U
U
U
2
R 2 Z RL
.
2
Z
1 y
Z 2 2Z .Z
R 2 Z L ZC
1 C 2 L 2 C
R ZL
Xt hm s y
t
Z C2 2Z L .Z C
1 2 LC 2
R 2 Z L2
L2C 2 4 C 2 R 2 2
CR 2
2(p 2 p) v 0
L

1 2
0
4
1
Thay vo (7.1)
LC

2
2 p p
0
0
1 2 LC 2
CR 2
L2C 2 4
.LC 2
L

1 2x
0.x 2 2 x 1
Tip tc t x Khi y 2
x 2( p 2 p) x x 2 2( p 2 p) x 0
0
Nhc li cng thc tnh o hm nhanh ca hm bc 2.

Page 68
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
a1 x b1 x c1
y'
2
a2 x b2 x c2
2
x2
a1
a2
b1
a
2x 1
b2
a2
a x
2
c1 a1
c2 a2
b2 x c2
b1
b2
p dng cho hm s trn ta c:

x2
y'
1 2 p p
2
2x
0 1
2
1
2
1 0 2( p p) 0
MS 2
2 x 2 2 x 2( p 2 p)
MS 2
x1 p
y ' 0 x 2 2 x 2( p 2 p) 0
x2 1 p 0
Bng Bin Thin.
0 0
y'
0 0
x2
ymin
max
U RL
U RL
U
2
Vy U
max
RL

khi v ch khi x2 p p 2 02 p RL 0 p
0
p
LC

U
max
Thay p vo (7.2) y p 2 U RL
1 p 2
0
max
4.Mch RLC khi tn s gc thay i U RC
U RC Z RC .
U
U
U
U
2
R 2 Z RC
.
2
2
Z
1 y
Z 2Z .Z
R 2 Z L ZC
1 L 2 L 2 C
R ZC
Z 2 2Z .Z
Xt hm s y L 2 L 2 C
R ZC
L
2 2 4
2
2 2 4
2
C L C 2 LC L C 2 LC
1
CR 2
1 C 2 R 2 2
R2
1
LC 2
2 2
C
L
L 2 2
Page 69
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL

4
t 0
1
0
khi y 0
2
LC

2
1 2( p p )
0
(7.3)

Tip tc t x ta c:
0
2
x 2x
x2 2x 0
y
2
2
1 2 p 2 p x 0 x 2( p p) x 1
1
2
1 0
2
0
2x
2
2
0 2( p p)
0 1 2( p p) 1 2( p 2 p) x 2 2 x 2
MS 2
MS 2
x2
y'
x2 p 0
y ' 0 p2 p x2 x 1 0
x 1 0
1 p 1
Bng Bin Thin.
0 0
y'
0 0
x2
ymin
+
0
0
max
U RC
U RC
Vy U
max
RC
khi v ch khi
max
y p 2 U RC

1
x x2 vo (7.3) suy ra
p
0
U
1 p 2
Page 70
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL

RL
RC
H qu: Ta nhn thy c hai trng hp lin h nhau bi p

RL 0 p
2
*Ta c
0 RC .RL
RC 0
*Khi thay i U RL max ta chun ha
Z L n
R p 2p 2
ZC 1
*Sau khi chun ha ta tnh c tan
Z L ZC
p 1
R
p 2p 2
ZC n
R p 2p 2
Z
1
L
Z Z
1 p
*Sau khi chun ha ta tnh c tan L C
R
p 2p 2
* Khi thay i U RC max ta chun ha
*Dng CT lng gic chuyn i gia tan qua cos ta c h s cng sut
ton mch chung cho c hai TH l cos
2 p2
(Cc em t kim
2 p2 p 1
tra li nh c lu nh)
By gi ta xem n v p c mi lin h vi nhau nh th no.
CR 2
2(p 2 p) 2(1 n1 ) ( Nh gip thy s lin h gia n v p ny nh
L
)
R rng ta thy rng p v n lin h nhau qua cc hng s in dung
C, in tr R v cun cm L. Thng s
CR 2
c ngha vt l su sc. N
L
kt dnh gia hai phn cc tr l khi thay i lm cho in p

max
max
U Lmax , U Cmax v U RL
,U RC
V d 1: t in p xoay chiu u U 2 cos t (V) ( thay i c) vo
on mch AB ni tip theo th t gm cun cm thun L
tr thun R 100 2 v t in C
0, 2
H, in
mF. Gi RL v RC ln lt l
cc gi tr ca URLmax v URCmax t cc i. Chn kt qu ng

A. RL 50 rad / s
B. RC 100 rad / s
C. RL RC 160 rad / s
D. RL RC 50 rad / s
Hng dn:
Page 71
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL

0, 2
*Tnh
CR
2(p 2 p)
L
.103. 100 2
1/
p2
;
4
p 1(L)
1
1 0, 2 3
1/
.
.10 50 2 (rad/s)

LC
100
RL 0 p 2 . 2 100 rad / s
*T tnh c
0
100
RC p 2. 2 50 rad / s
V d 2. t in p xoay chiu u = 150 2 cos2 t (V) (f thay i c)

vo on mch AB ni tip theo th t gm on AM cha t in C,
on MB cha in tr thun R ni tip vi cun cm thun L. Khi f = f1
th UMB t cc i v gi tr bng 90 5 V th h s cng sut ca
mch MB gn nht gi tr no sau y?
A. 0,81.
B. 0,75.
C. 0,92.
D. 0,95.
Hng dn:
max
*T cng thc U RL
U
1 p
90 5
150
1 p 1
p 1,5
Z L p
R p 2p 2
ZC 1
*Khi thay i URLmax ta chun ha

cos RL
R
R 2 Z L2
p 2p 2
2p 2
p 1,5
cos
1
0,7
2
Chn B
BI TP T LUYN
Bi 1. t in p xoay chiu u U 2 cos t (V) ( thay i c) vo
on mch AB ni tip theo th t gm cun cm thun L 2 / H, in
tr thun R 200 2 v t in C 0,1/ mF . Gi RL v RC ln lt l
cc gi tr ca URL v URC t cc i.
Tm U bit rng khi
1
RL RC th mch tiu th cng sut l 208,08 2 W.
2
A. 220 V.
B. 380 V.
C. 200 V.
D. 289 V.
Bi 2. t in p xoay chiu u = 100 2 cos2 t (V) (f thay i c) vo
on mch AB ni tip theo th t gm on AM cha cun cm thun L,
on MB cha in tr thun R ni tip vi t in C.
Khi f = f1 th UMB t cc i v gi tr bng 200 / 3 V th h s cng
sut ca mch AB gn nht gi tr no sau y?
A. 0,81.
B. 0,85.
C. 0,92.
D. 0,95.
Page 72
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
Bi 3. t in p xoay chiu u = 150 2 cos2 t (V) (f thay i c) vo

on mch AB ni tip theo th t gm on AM cha t in C, on MB
cha in tr thun R ni tip vi cun cm thun L. Khi
f = f1 th UMB t cc i v gi tr bng 90 5 V th h s cng sut ca
mch gn nht gi tr no sau y?
A. 0,81.
B. 0,95.
C. 0,92.
D. 0,95.
Bi 4. tin p xoay chiu u = U0 cos t (V) (U0 khng i cn thay
i c) vo on mch AB ni tip theo th t gm on AM cha
cun cm thun L, on MN cha in tr thun R v on NB cha t
in C. Ln lt cho 1 v 1 40 rad/s th UAN t cc i UMB
t cc i. Bit khi h s cng sut ca mch 1 40 rad/s bng
0,9 . Chn cc phng n ng.
A. 1 60 rad/s. B.
C. 1 89 rad/s.
B. 1 76 rad/s.
D. 1 120 = 120 rad/s.
Bi c thm.: Em c bit trc y gii bi ton cc tr qu thc l

tng i kh khn, c bit bit l cc tr ca in p hai u phn t
nh RC hoc RL. Chnh v cc tr in xoay chiu l phn kh nn nhng
cu kh trong thi i hc u ri vo phn ny. Song song vi vic hc
ca hc sinh th cc thy c gio cng nghin cu v tm ti ra cch gii
nhanh cho hc sinh, lm sao cho kt qu gn nht, p nht, d nh nht.
Sau y ti xin khi qut hai phng php in hnh ca bi ton tn s
thay i lin quan n in p.
Bi ton khi tn s thay i in p hai u t hoc hai u cun cm
t gi tr cc i
Phng php thng lm l biu din UL hoc UC theo n , xem l
bin s ang bin thin, sau dng o hm kho st hay dng tam
thc bc hai nh gi s bin thin ca . Kt qu bi ton cho kh
cng knh v kh nh, tuy nhin c th k n s kho lo ca thy Chu
Vn Bin khi a ra kt qu c th ni c gn hn so vi nhng tc gi
khc. l:
1
max
U L khiZC Z L
CZ
U max khiZ Z Z
C
L
Trong
L R2
gi l tr t.
C 2
n nm 2014 th phng php chun ha s liu do thy Nguyn nh

Yn nghin cu ra i, ko theo phn cc tr ca XC cng c khai
thc theo chiu hng chun ha, kt qu l thnh cng v cho kt qu
v cng p, phn cc tr ny c s kt dnh vi phn khc, bi ton mang
tnh bao qut cao.
Page 73
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
chun ha c thnh cng th ta phi xem i lng ny ph thuc

theo i lng khc theo cng thc no. Thng thng trong phn in
xoay chiu th nhng bi ton v tn s thay i th a s ta chun ha
c. V d nh khi 1 th ........hoc khi 2 n1 th ..........hoc 3 m1
th............. Ni cch khc, tn s ny gp tn s kia bng mt s n no .
C th l du hiu n gin nht m ai cng c th nhn ra. Xut pht
L
1
. n y ngi ta mi nhn
CR 2
1
2L
CR 2
ra c rng vai tr quan trng ca cm
. Sau khi t nh vy ngi
L
Z n
R 2n 2 ( i vi TH thay i U Lmax
ta d dng chun ha L
ZC 1
t tng ngi ta t n
ZC n
R 2n 2 ( i vi TH thay i U Cmax )
ZL 1
U
T ngi ta tnh c U L max U C max
. Sau khi chun ha bi
1 n 1
ton tr nn v cng n gin.

Bi ton tng qut
2. Hai tn s hai dng in
. Xt bi ton t in p xoay chiu u U 2 cos t u (V) (U khng
i, thay i c) vo hai u on mch AB ni tip theo th t
gm on AM cha cun cm thun c t cm L, on MN cha in
tr thun R v on NB cha t in c in dung C. Khi 1 v
th biu thc dng in trong mch ln lt l
2 k1
i1 I01 cos t 1
CR 2
(A) v i2 nI01 cos t 1 (A). Tm
theo k v n.
L
Hng gii:
I
cos 2 cos 1
U
n cos
cos 02
n tan 1
1
R
I 01 cos 1
cos 1
sin
2
Z L1 ZC1
Z L1
tan 1
R
R
Z Z
1
n
p
* tan L C
1
R
Z
R
kZ
Z
C
1
L1
C1
1
k
R
Z L1ZC1
tan 2
R
I0
Tm c n sau ta phi kt hp tm cc i lng sau.
Page 74
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
U
2
cos L cos C
U C max U L max
2
1 n
1 n

hoc
U
2 p2
cos
cos
U RL max U RC max
RL
RC
1 p 2
2 p2 p 1
V d 1: t in p xoay chiu u U 2 cos t u (V) (U khng i, c

th thay i c vo hai u on mch AB ni tip theo th t gm
on AM cha cun cm thun c t cm L, on MN cha in tr
thun R v on NB cha t in c in dung C. Khi 1 hoc 21
th biu thc dng in trong mch ln lt l i1 6 cos 1t
11
12
( A) v
i2 2 6 cos 21t
( A) . Tm in p hiu dng trn on AN.
4
A. 1,51U
B.1,58U
C.2,07U
Hng dn:
D.1,28U
cos 1
I 02 cos 2
U U
1
3
T I 0 cos
2
tan 1 3
3
Z R
I 01 cos 1
cos 1
0
2
Z L1 Z C1
Z L1
3
tan 1 3
Z ZC
CR 2 3
R
3
R
tan L
R
2 p2 p
R
L
4
2Z L1 1 Z C1 tan 0 Z C1 4 3
2
R
2 R
3
R
p 1, 29
U RL max U RC max
1,58U
Suy ra
1 p 2
1 1, 292
p 0, 29 0
Chn A.

th biu thc dng in trong mch ln lt l i1 6 cos 1t
i2 2 6 cos 21t
4
11
12
( A) v
( A) . in p hiu dng trn on AM gn gi tr
no nht sau y.
Page 75
IN XOAY CHIU
A. 290(V)
THY HONG MICHAEL

B.300 (V)
C.280(V)
Hng dn:
D.270(V)
cos 1
I 02 cos 2
U U
1
3
I 0 cos
2
tan 1 3
3
Z R
I 01 cos 1
cos 1
2 0
Z L1 Z C1
Z L1
3
tan 1 3
Z ZC
CR 2 3
R
3
R
tan L
R
2 1 n 1
R
L
4
2Z L1 1 Z C1 tan 0 Z C1 4 3
2
R
R
2 R
3
Suy ra n 1, 6 U L max U C max
U
1 n2
220
1 1, 62
282(V ) Chn C

th biu thc dng in trong mch ln lt l i1 2 cos 1t ( A) v
i2 2 2 cos 21t
3
( A) . H s cng sut ca on AM l
A.0,966
B.0,806
C.0,940
D.0,877
Hng dn:
cos 1
I 02 cos 2
U U
1
3
T I 0 cos
2
tan 1 3
3
Z R
I 01 cos 1
cos 1
2 0
Z L1 Z C1
Z L1
3
tan 1 3
Z L ZC
CR 2 3
R
R
3
R
tan
2 1 n 1
R
L
4
2Z L1 1 Z C1 tan 0 Z C1 4 3
2
R
R
2 R
3
Suy ra n 1, 6 cos
2
2
(V ) Chn D
1 n
1 1, 6
PHN E NH L BHD5 - HAI GI TR CA X CHO CNG UX = KU .

Trc khi n vi dng ton trn ta hy nhc li nhng tnh cht vn c
Page 76
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
ca hm bc hai ta d dng p dng vo bi ton vt l c th.

Xt hm s y ax 2 bx c 0 (*)
Xt trng hp (a>0), ( V trong vt l thng thng ch s a>0).
Hm s (*) c th a v tam thc bc hai nh sau: ax2 bx c y 0 (**)
Tam thc bc hai thn c nhng tnh cht sau y:
Ti mt gi tr x0
b
chnh l gi tr cc tr ca tam thc bc hai, do h s
2a
a>0 nn nn x0 chnh l im cc tiu ca (**). Tip tc p dng nh l

Viet ta li c:
b
c
v x1.x2 . Mt mu cht quan trng y na l ta c
a
a
c y0
b
. By gi ta i chng minh .
x0
2a
a
Tht vy: Tam thc bc hai ca (**) t gi tr cc tiu x0 tng ng lc
b
ny th y0 . Thay x0
vo phng trnh (**) ta rt ra c
2a
x1 x2
c y0
b
b
y0 c .2
x0 . Ta thy rng mi lin h gia x0 v y0 mt

2a
a
2a
cch r rng. Khi x0 t cc tiu, ko theo y0 , hay ni ngc li, ng vi
2
mt gi tr ca y0 th tam thc bc hai ca (**) t gi tr nh nht.

V sao phi chng minh c x0
c y0
b
th c gi s thy phn
2a
a
p dng vo cho bi ton vt l c th.

1. Mch RLC, khi R thay i th mch tiu th cng sut cng sut cc
i Pmax .Nu hai gi tr R1 v R2 mch tiu th cng sut P.
Xut pht t cng thc tnh cng sut:
P R.I 2 R.
U2
R 2 Z L ZC
Z ZC
R L
(1.1) .
Lu : V R thay i nn ta xem R l bin s kho st.

p dng BT Cauchy cho 2 s dng R v
Z L ZC
R
ta c R +
Z L ZC
2 Z L ZC . Du = xy ra khi v ch khi hai s bng nhau: R =
Z L ZC
R
R0 Z L ZC . Vy cng sut ca ton mch t gi tr cc
i khi R0 Z L ZC , thay vo biu thc ca P ta tnh c gi tr cc i

l: Pmax
U2
U2
2 R0 2 Z L Z C
(1.2)
Page 77
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
2
T cng thc (1.1) ta c th bin i nh sau: R
p dng nh l Viet ta d dng suy ra:

R1.R2 Z l Z C
R1 R2
U2
2
R Z L ZC 0
P
U2
(5.3) v
P
(1.4)
T (1.2) ta bin i Z L ZC
U2
kt hp vi (1.4) ta c
2 Pmax
U2
R1.R 2
2 Pmax
(1.5)
T (1.3) v (1.5) ta lp t v bnh phng 2 v th s rt ra c:

P2
R1 R2
2 4. max
R2 R1
P
(1.6)
Cc
em hc sinh khi lm trc nghim th nn ghi nh cng thc

(1.6) lm bi tp.
V d 1: t in p xoay chiu u U0 cos t (V) (U v khng i)
vo hai u on mch AB mc ni tip gm bin tr R, t in c in
dung C, cun dy thun cm c t cm L. Khi R = R1 v R = R2 th
cng sut tiu th trn mch u bng 120 W. Nu R1/R2 + R2/R1 =
4,25 th cng sut mch tiu th cc i l bao nhiu?
A. 127,5 W.
B. 150 W
C.180 W
D. 300 W
Hng dn
p dng cng thc (1.6) ta rt ra c
Pmax
120
P R1 R2
2

2 R2 R1
2
4, 25 2 150 (W)
Chn B
2.Mch RLC, khi L thay i th U Lmax . Nu hai gi tr L1 v L2
U L k .U
Ta c U L Z L .I Z L .
Suy ra: R 2 ZC2 .
a
U
R 2 Z L ZC
U
R 2 ZC2
1
2.Z C . 1
2
ZL
ZL
1
1
1
2Z c . 1 2 0
2
ZL
ZL c k
b
x2
Hm s t cc tiu ti x0
(2.1)
c y0
Z
1 k02
b
1
2 C 2
2a
a
Z L0 R ZC
1 k 1
(2.2)
Theo nh l Viet ta c:
Page 78
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
2Z
Z
b
1
1
1 1
1
2 C 2 2 C 2
a
Z L1 Z L 2 R ZC
R ZC 2 Z L1 Z L 2
c
1 1
1 k 2
x1.x2
.
2
R 2 ZC2 1 k 2 .Z L1.Z L 2
2
a
Z L1 Z L 2 R ZC
(2.3)
x1 x2
(2.4)
Lp t gia (2.2) v (2.3) ri bnh phng hai v ta c:

2
1 k02
1 1
1
4 Z L1 Z l 2
R 2 Z C2
(2.5)
Tip tc lp t gia (2.4) v (2.5) ta suy ra c:

1 k02
1 k02
Z L1 Z L 2
L1 L2
2 4.
4.
Z L 2 Z L1
1 k 2
L2 L1
1 k 2
(2.6)
V d 2.1 t in p xoay chiu u U0 cos t (V) (U v khng i)

vo hai u on mch AB mc ni tip gm in tr R, t in c in
dung C, cun dy thun cm c t cm L thay i. in p hiu dng
trn cun cm t gi tr cc i bng U 10 . Khi L = L1 v L = L2 th in
p hiu dng trn cun cm u bng 1,5U. Tnh L1/L2 + L2/L1.
A. 1,24.
B. 1,50.
C. 3,43.
D. 4,48.
Hng dn:
* T cng thc (2.6) ta suy ra
1 10
1 k02
L1 L2
4.
4.
L2 L1
1 k 2
1 1,52
2 4, 48
Chn D
V d 2.2 (Trch s 2 sch thn tc 2016)

t in p u 90 10 cos t V vo hai u on mch AB ni tip theo
ng th t R,C, cun dy thun cm c t cm thay i c. Khi
Z L Z L1 hoc Z L Z L 2 th U L1 U L 2 270 (V). Bit 3Z L 2 Z L1 150() v tng
tr ca on mch RC trong hai trng hp l 100 2 . Gi tr U L max gn
gi tr no nht sau y?
A. 150 (V)
B.180 (V)
C. 300(V)
D.175 (V)
Hng dn.
*By gi ta i xc nh k0 th khi ta d dng tnh c
U L max k0 .U k0 .90 10 ; Ta c: k
U L1 U L 2
270 3 5
U 0 90 5
U
5
2
Page 79
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
*T cng thc (2.4) nh trnh by trong phn l thuyt ta c :
R 2 Z C2 1 k 2 Z L1.Z L 2
v kt hp vi
2
R 2 ZC2 100 2 2.104
thay Z RC
2
Z L1 3Z L 2 150 ta tm c
3 5 2
2.10 1
Z L 2 3Z L 2 150
5
*T tm c Z L 2 150 Z L1 300 . Tip tc thay vo cng

4
thc c ca L BHD5
1 k02
Z L1 Z L 2
300 150
2 4.
2 4.
2
Z L 2 Z L1
1 k
150 300
U L max 2.
1 k02
3 5
1
90 10
90 10 284 V D
2
k0 2 U L max 2.U
Chn C.
3. Mch RLC, khi C thay i th U Cmax . Nu hai gi tr C1 v C2

U C k .U
*Ta c U C Z C .I Z C .
Suy ra: R 2 Z L2 .
a
U
R 2 Z L ZC
R 2 Z L2
1
2.Z L .
1
2
ZC
ZC
1
1
1
2Z L .
1 2 0
2
ZC
ZC
k
b
x2
Hm s t cc i ti ti x0
(3.1)
c y0
1 k02
Z
b
1
(3.2)
2 L 2
2a
a
ZC 0 R Z L
1 k 1
Theo nh l Viet ta c:
2Z
Z
b
1
1
1 1
1
2 L 2 2 L 2
a
Z C1 Z C 2 R Z L
R Z L 2 Z C1 Z C 2
c
1 1
1 k 2
x1.x2
.
2
R 2 Z L2 1 k 2 .ZC1.ZC 2
2
a
Z C1 Z C 2 R Z L
x1 x2
(3.3)
(3.4)
Lp t gia (2.2) v (2.3) ri bnh phng hai v ta c:

2
1 k02
1 1
1
4 Z C1 Z C 2
R 2 Z L2
(3.5)
Tip tc lp t gia (2.4) v (2.5) ta suy ra c:

Z C1 Z C 2
1 k02
1 k02
C1 C2
2 4.
4.
Z C 2 Z C1
1 k 2
C2 C1
1 k 2
(3.6)
Page 80
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
V d 3.1: t in p xoay chiu u U0 cos t (V) (U v khng i)

vo hai u on mch AB mc ni tip gm in tr R, t in c in
dung C thay i c, cun dy thun cm c t cm L. in p hiu
dng trn t t gi tr cc i bng 5U/3. Khi
C C1
v C2 C1
th in p hiu dng trn t u bng U= U 2,5

A.
12
40
B.
( F )
C.
( F )
18
D.
( F )
24
16
. Tnh C1.
( F )
Hng dn:
*T cng thc (3.6) ta suy ra
C2 C1
16
C1 C2 34
C1
16
C2 C1 15
C
s l l
16
C1
16
C1
1 k02
C1 C2
4.
2 thay k , k0
C2 C1
1 k 2
34 n y ta khng rt C v c
1
15
nn cch nhanh nht trong thi trc nghim l ly 4 phng
n th vo. Nhn thy ch c p n D tha mn nn ta chn D.

4. Khi thay i U Cmax , U Cmax k0 .U v hai gi tr 1 v 2 th
U C1 U C 2 k.U
Xut pht t cng thc

U C ZC .
U
R Z L ZC
2
1
.
C.
U
1
R L
L C . R C 2 2 LC 2 1
2
k .U
Bnh phng hia v v rt gn cho U ta c:

L2C 2 . 4 R 2C 2 2 LC . 2 1
c
1
0
k2
y
Xem x 2 , a L2 C 2 , b 2 LC R 2 C2 , c 1, y
Hm s c vit li
1
k2
a.x 2 bx c y 0
(4.1)
Do (4.1) l tam thc bc hai nn, h s (a>0) nn (4.1) t cc i ti
x0
b
1 k02
2 LC R 2C 2
hay 02
2 L2C 2
L2C 2
2a
*p dng nh l Viet:
2LC R 2C 2

L2C 2
2
1
2
2
(4.2)
(4.3)
Page 81
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL

12 .22
1 k 2
L2 .C 2
(4.4)
Lp t (4.2) v v (4.3) ri bnh phng hai v ta c
1 2
1 22
4
1 k02
2 2
LC
(4.5)
*Tip tc lp t gia (4.5) v (4.4) ta rt ra c:
2
1
22
12 .22
1 2
1 k02
1 k02
4.
4.

1 k 2
1 k 2
2 1
(5.5)
V d 4.1: t in p xoay chiu u 100 2 cos t (V) ( thay i

c) vo hai u on mch AB mc ni tip gm in tr R, t in
c in dung C, cun dy thun cm c t cm L sao cho 2L > R2C.
Khi 1 v 2 th in p hiu dng trn t cng bng 115 V. Nu
1 2
2, 66 th in p hiu dng cc i trn t l bao nhiu?

2 1
A. 100(V)
B.132,6(V)
C.150(V)
Hng dn.
*Ta c: k
D.155,5(V)
U C 115
1,15
U 100
T cng thc (5.5) ta suy ra

2
1 2
1 k02
1 k02
2
4.
2,
66
4.
k0 1,326
1 k 2
1 1,152
2 1
UC max k0U 100.1,326 132,6 V
Chn B
5. Khi thay i U Lmax
, U Lmax k0 .U v hai gi tr 1
v 2
th
U L1 U L 2 k .U
Xut pht t cng thc:

U L Z L .I L.
U
1
R 2 L
U
1 R2 1
1
1
.
. 2 1
L2C 2 4
LC 2 L
kU
Bnh phng hia v v rt gn cho U ta c:

1 R2 1
1
1
1
. 4 2
. 2 1 2 0
2 2
LC
LC 2 L c k
a
x2
(5.1)
Tam thc bc hai trn t cc tr ti
Page 82
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
1 R2
c y0
1 k02
b
x0
02 LC 2 L
1
1
2a
a
2 2
2 2
LC
LC
(5.2)
1
R2
2
LC 2 L
b
2
2
p dng nh l Viet ta c: 1 2
1
a
2 2
LC
2
1 k
12 .22
1
2 2
LC
(5.3)
(5.4)
Lp t gia (5.2) v (5.3) ri bnh phng hai v ta rt ra c:
2
1
22
4.
1 k02
1
2 2
LC
(5.5)
Tip t gia (5.5) v (5.4) ri khai trin ra ta c kt qu:

2
1 2
1 k02
2 4.
1 k 2
2 1
(5.6)
V d 5.1 t in p xoay chiu u U 0 cos 2 ft (f thay i, U 0 khng i)

ln hai on mch AB gm cun cm thun L, in tr thun R, t in
c in dung C. Khi L th in p hiu dng hai u cun cm cc
i v h s cng sut lc ny l 0.79. Khi 1 v 2
1
2
th in
p hiu dng trn t c cng gi tr 120 V. Gi tr U 0 l

A. 155 V.
B. 211 V.
C. 167 V.
D. 159 V
Hng dn:
Khi L U L max th cos
Do U L max
U
1 n2
2
2
0, 79
n 2, 2
1 n
1 n
1,12U k0U vi k0 1,12
Theo BHD5 . Khi thay i U Cmax , U Cmax k0 .U v hai gi tr 1 v 2

m UC1 U C 2 k.U
2
1 2
1 k02 1 2 /2
U
120
4.
k 1, 07 U C
112 U 0 159

2
1 k
k 1, 07
2 1
Chn D.
V d 5.2 t in p (U khng i, f thay i c) vo hai u on
mch mc ni tip gm cun cm thun c t cm L, in tr thun
Page 83
IN XOAY CHIU
THY HONG MICHAEL
R v t in c in dung C. Khi f = f1 hoc f = 2,3f1 th in p hiu

dng hai u cun cm c cng gi tr 1,15U. Khi f thay i th in
p hiu dng trn t t gi tr cc i l xU. Tnh x
A. 1,2
B. 1,25.
C. 1,36.
D. 1,4.
V d 5.3 (Nam nh 2016) t in p u U 2 cos t V ( U khng i v
c th thay i c) vo hai u on mch AB mc ni tip gm
in tr thun R, cun cm thun c t cm L v t in c in
dung C sao cho CR 2 2 L . Khi 1 hoc 2 1 th in p hiu
dng trn L u l U 2 . Khi 0 th in apshieeuj dng trn L cc
2
iv bng 4U / 7 . Nu 12 200 2 rad / s th 1 l
A. 20 rad/s
B. 10 2 rad/s
C. 40 rad/s
D. 5 2 rad/s
Ti liu c vit trong thi gian ngn nn khng th trnh khi
thiu xt mong cc em thng cm.
Mi chi tit xin lin h: THY HONG MICHAEL
S in thoi: 0909.928.109
MI CC EM THAM GIA NHM.
FB NHM: LUYN THI PTQG MN VT L THY HONG MICHAEL
Mi cc em like trang Gii p thc mc mn vt l 12 LTH thy
Hong Michael cp nht ti liu nh
A CH: 13/19 AN DNG VNG, TP HU
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IN XOAY CHIU

THY HONG MICHAEL

PHN E NH L BHD5 - HAI GI TR CA X CHO CNG UX = KU . .................. 76

THY HONG MICHAEL

PHN A - NH L THNG NHT 1: CC TR LIN QUAN

Lu : V R thay i nn ta xem R l bin s kho st.

2 Z L ZC . Du = xy ra khi v ch khi hai s

R0 Z L ZC . Vy cng sut ca ton mch

t gi tr cc i khi R0 Z L ZC , thay vo biu thc ca P ta tnh

* tm hai gi tr ca R cho cng h s cng sut thi t

*p dng nh l Viet ta ddng

THY HONG MICHAEL

Trng hp cun dy c in tr thun r th ta cng p dng BT Cau

Pmax R0r 0 Prmax

Cng sut trn bin tr

Cng sut ton mch

Lu : Khi R Pmin 0 cho c hai trng

THY HONG MICHAEL

V d 4. (H-2009) t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng khng i

THY HONG MICHAEL

cng sut tiu th ca on mch nh nhau. Bit in p hiu dng

V d 6. Mt mch in xoay chiu gm t in C, mt cun cm thun L

V d 7. Cho mch in RLC mc ni tip, L c in tr thun r = 30 ,

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sut tiu th trn bin tr cc i PRmax v trn on mch cc i

V d 8. Cho mch in c 2 phn t mc ni tip l t C v bin tr R.

in p hiu dng hai u on mch l 150 V. Gi P1 v P2 l cng sut

V d 9. Cho on mch xoay chiu ni tip gm bin tr R, cun dy c

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*Do trn gin cnh AM = MB.

l P. iu chnh R = R2 th cng sut tiu th

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V d 10. (Chuyn Vinh ln_2_2016)t in p u 30 14 cos t V

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V d 10. (Chuyn Vinh ln 2-2016) Cho on mch AB gm bin tr R ,

Kt hp vi iu kin Z L ZC r chn r 90 ChnA

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V d 11. Cho mt on mch xoay chiu AB gm bin tr R, cun cm

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*Khi R R0 R1 cos 2 cos 0

Chun ha R0 1 R1 3, 67 cos 2 0 0, 214 P

V d 12: (H-2010): a t ie n p xoay chiu c gi tr hie u dng v tn s

Lp t pt (1) v (2) suy ra c R2 4 R1 chun ha R1 1 R2 4

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Bi 13.Cho mch in c 2 phn t mc ni tip l t C v bin tr R.

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cc gi tr R1 150 v R2 250 ca R l 1 v 2 . Bit 1 2

in p hiu dng hai u on mch l 100 V. Gi P1 v P2 l cng sut

dung khng. Tnh L.

Bi 16. Cho mch in xoay chiu RLC vi R l bin tr v cun dy c

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Bi 20. Cho on mch AB mc ni tip gm t in, cun cm v bin tr

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PHN B NH L THNG NHT 2 - CC TR LIN QUAN N L, C

Vit di dang thun ty c bn.

Cch vit kiu khc U L max

H qu: Tam ANB A 1

Kt qu: U L U L max cos 0

Ta c BAM (thay i) v RC MAN (khng i)

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ULmax khi cos RC max RC 0 0 RC

iu phi chng minh