Introduction to

Software-Defined Networking
(SDN)
and Network Programmability
Jason Davis, Distinguished Engineer (Services)
BRKRST-1014

Abstract
SDN is an exciting new approach to network IT Service Management. You may have questions about SDN,
Controllers, APIs, Overlays, OpenFlow and ACI. You may also be wondering what products and services are SDNenabled and how you can solve your unique business challenges and enhance your differentiated services by
leveraging network programmability.
In this introductory session we will cover the genesis of SDN, what it is, what it is not, and Cisco's involvement in this
space. Cisco's SDN-enabled Products and Services will be explained enabling you to consider your own
implementations. Since SDN extends network flexibility and functionality which impacts Network Engineering and
Operations teams, we'll also cover the IT Service Management impact.
Network engineers, network operation staff, IT Service Managers, IT personnel managers, and application/compute
SMEs will benefit from this session.

Agenda

What is SDN & Network Programmability

What are the Use Cases and Problems Solved with SDN?

An Overview of OpenFlow

What Are Cisco's solutions?

An Overview of Network Controllers

An Overview of ACI

The Impact to IT Service Management

How to Get Ready

What is Software-Defined Networking (SDN)?

An approach and architecture in networking where control and data planes

are decoupled and intelligence and state are logically centralized
Enablement where underlying network infrastructure is abstracted from the
applications [network virtualization]
A concept that leverages programmatic interfaces to enable external
systems to influence network provisioning, control and operations

SDN is
a new approach at network transformation*
empowering external influencers to network design and operations

impacting the networking industry - challenging the way we think about

engineering, implementing and managing networks
providing new methods to interact with equipment/services via controllers, APIs

normalizing the interface with equipment/services

enabling high-scale, rapid network and service provisioning/management
generating a LOT of buzz and attention

providing a catalyst for traditional Route/Switch engineers to branch-out

* [not the first attempt!]

SDN is not
an easy button [but is intending to make things easier for all!]
a panacea or end-state

narrowly defined
meaning the death of network engineers
a mandate for all network engineers to become C and Java programmers
a new ISDN service from Apple called iSDN
a new attempt at network evolution

I Wants
SDN

Have We Seen This Before?

Overlays / Encapsulations

MPLS
VPLS
VPN
GRE Tunnels
LISP
Control Plane / Data Plane
Separation
Centralized Control

SS7
ATM LANE
Wireless LAN Controller
GMPLS

Management and
Programmatic Interfaces

SNMP
NETCONF
EEM

Where Did SDN Come From?

Have you tried rebooting
the Internet yet?

2008

http://cleanslate.stanford.edu/

The Traditional Network

Control Plane (CP)
Control and Data
Plane resides
within Physical
Device

CP

DP

CP

DP

Data Plane (DP)

CP

CP

DP

CP

DP

DP

CP

CP

DP

DP

CP

DP

Control plane learns/computes forwarding decisions

Data plane acts on the forwarding decisions

The Network As It Could Beto an SDN Purist

CP

DP

CP

DP

CP

DP

CP

DP

CP

CP

DP

CP

DP

CP

DP

CP

DP

Control plane becomes centralized

Physical device retains Data plane functions only

The Network As It Could BeIn a Hybrid SDN

CP
Controller

CP

DP

CP

DP

CP

DP

CP

DP

CP

DP

CP

DP

CP

DP

CP

DP

A Controller is centralized and separated from the Physical Device,

but devices still retain a localized Control plane intelligence

What are the Use Cases

and Problems Solved with
SDN?

Why Change?

Familiar Manual, CLI-driven, device-by-device approach is inefficient

Increased need for programmatic interfaces which allow faster and

automated execution of processes and workflows with reduced errors

Need for a central source of truth and touch-point

Your Challenges

Pace of Change Technology & Competition

Globalization of the Marketplace

Proliferation of Social Networking

IT Budgets, Staffing and Resources

Accelerated Pace of Consumerization, Virtualization and XaaS Options

Consumption Economics

Customer Needs: Network Programmability

Research/
Academia

Massively Scalable
Data Center

Experimental
OpenFlow/SDN
components for
production networks

Network
Slicing

Customize with
Programmatic APIs to
provide deep insight
into network traffic

Network Flow
Management

Cloud
Automated
provisioning and
programmable
overlay, OpenStack

Scalable
Multi-Tenancy

Service
Providers
Policy-based control
and analytics to
optimize and
monetize
service delivery

Enterprise
Virtual workloads, VDI,
Orchestration of
security profiles

Agile Service Delivery

Diverse Programmability Requirements Across Segments

(Automation & Programmability)

Private Cloud
Automation

SDN Addresses Needs for

Centralized configuration,
management/control, monitoring of
network devices (physical or virtual)

Ability to override traditional

forwarding algorithms to suite unique
business or technical needs

Allowing external applications or

systems to influence network
provisioning and operation

Rapid and scalable deployment of

network services with life-cycle
management

!
Weather-Based Routing

Get IMs From Routers/Switches

Business Metrics Influencing Routing

Controller
Class
Schedule

API

GUI

Staff Directory
WAN1 (MPLS)
WAN2 (EPL)
WAN3 (Internet)
UNIVERSITY

Main Campus

Remote
Classroom

An Overview of OpenFlow

What is OpenFlow?

API
Application

OF Controller

a Layer 2 communications protocol that gives access to the

forwarding plane of a network device,
a specification for building switches conforming to the protocol

OF
AGENT

OPEN NETWORK FOUNDATION

Deutsche Telekom : Facebook : Goldman Sachs : Yahoo

Google : Microsoft : NTT Communications : Verizon
Stanford : UC Berkeley

ONF Board
ONF Members

3TEN8
6WIND
A10 Networks
Active Broadband Networks
ADVA Optical Networking
Alcatel-Lucent
Alibaba Group Holding Ltd
Applied Micro Circuits
Aricent Group
Arista Networks
Aruba Networks
ATTO Research Korea
Auvik Networks
Baidu Online Network Technology Co
Ltd.
Barefoot Networks
Beijing Internet Institute (BII)
Big Switch Networks
BISDN
Blue Ocean Networks Pty LTD
Broadcom
Brocade Communication Systems
BTI Systems
Centec Networks
Ceragon Networks
China Mobile Research Center
China Telecom
Ciena

Cisco Systems
Citrix Systems
Colt Technology Services
Coriant
Corsa Technology
Criterion Networks (I) Pvt Ltd
Cyan
Dell/Force10 Networks
Digital China Networks Ltd (DCN)
ECI Telecom
Equinix
Ericsson
EstiNet Technologies Inc.
ETRI (Electronics and
Telecommunications Research
Institute)
Extreme Networks
F5
Fiberhome Technologies
FishNet Security
Freescale Semiconductor Inc
Friesty
Fujitsu
Gencore Systems
Gigamon
GlimmerGlass
GuardiCore Ltd.
H3C Technologies

Hitachi
HP
Huawei
IBM
Infinera
Infoblox
Institute for Information Industry (III)
Intel
Intelliment Security
Intune Networks
IP Infusion
Itential
ITRI (Industrial Technology Research
Institute)
Ixia
Juniper Networks
KDDI
Kemp Technologies
Konodrac
KT Corp. (Korea Telecom)
L3 Communications Systems - East
Lancope, Inc.
Level 3
LSI Corporation
Luxoft
Marvell
MediaTek
Mellanox Technologies

Metaswitch Networks
Midokura
MRV Communications
NAIM Networks
NCL Communication
NEC
Netgear
Netronome
NetScout
NoviFlow Inc.
NSN
NTT Data
OKI Electric Industry
Optelian
Oracle
Orange
Overture Networks
PCCW Global Ltd.
Pertino
Pica8
Plexxi Inc
PMC-Sierra Inc.
Procera Networks
Qosmos
Rackspace
Radware
Riverbed Technologies
Saisei Networks

http://opennetworking.org

Samsung
Sanctum Networks Ltd
SDN Essentials
SDN Solutions
SK Telecom
Spirent
Swisscom
Tail-f Systems
Tallac Networks
Tata Communications
Tekelec (Acquired by Oracle)
Telecom Italia
Telefonica
Telekom Malaysia - TM Research &
Development
Telesoft
Tellabs
Tencent, Inc.
Texas Instruments
Thales
Tilera
Transmode
TW Telecom
UBIqube Solutions
Vello Systems
Verizon

OF v1.0
Example

What Makes OpenFlow Different?

Flow Table
Ingres
s Port

Source
MAC

3c:07:54:*

IP
SRC

IP
DEST

IP
Protoco
l

IP
TOS

TCP/U
DP
SRC

TCP/U
DP
DEST

Action

Priority

Fwd Port
10

100

Fwd Port
12

100

Fwd Port

100

25

Drop

100

0x0800

Controller

100

80

Fwd Port 8

200

80

Rewrite
10.1.2.3;
Fwd port 9

200

Local

200

Dest
MAC

Ether
Type

VLAN
ID

VLAN

*
Switching
*

*Routing*

Port 1

Replication/SPAN
*
*

Priorit
y

* Firewall/Security
*
*

Inspection
*

Vlan10

00:01:E7:*

*
*
Multi-action
; NAT

*Local handling
*
*

192.168.1.*

Combinations
*
*
192.168.1.*
10.*

1424

Counter

OF v1.0
Example

What Makes OpenFlow Different?

Actions
OPENFLOW CONTROLLER

Required Actions

2
FLOW
TABLE
4
5

CPU
3

SWITCH FORWARDING
ENGINE

Forward out all ports

except input port

Redirect to OpenFlow
Controller

Forward to local
Forwarding Stack (CPU)

Perform action in flow

table

Forward to input port

Forward to destination
port

Drop Packet

OF v1.0
Example

What Makes OpenFlow Different?

Counters
FLOW TABLE
HEADER FIELDS

COUNTERS

ACTIONS

FLOW ENTRY

OpenFlow
Version

Introduced

Notable Features

Flow-spec
Tuple

1.0

2009-12

Initial Specification [Still very prevalent in the market]

12

1.1

2011-02

Support for multiple flow tables; Added support for MPLS

Defined two operating modes Hybrid | Pure OpenFlow

15

1.2

2011-12

Support for IPv6

Multiple Controller support

34

1.3

2012-06

Support for Rate Limiting; IPv6 Extensions, GRE

Version increasingly targeted by customers/manufacturers

38

1.3.1

2012-09

Support for Negotiation TLVs

38

1.3.2

2013-04

Support for controller-initiated connections

38

1.4

2013-10

Support for Rule change transactions

40

1.3.3

2013-12

Update with IANA registered TCP port : 6653

40

Clarify multipart segmentation rules, clarify use of empty multipart messages

Specify the normal fragment handling is mandatory, drop/reasm optional

1.3.4

2014-03

Clarify table feature wildcard list should not include fields that are mandatory in some context
Only
Add section about control channel maintenance
Push MPLS should add a MPLS header before the IP header and before MPLS tags, not
before
VLAN which is not valid

40

1.5

2014-12

Egress Tables; Packet aware pipeline (IP, PPP); flexible encoding - OpenFlow
eXtensible Statistics (OXS); set-field action wildcard; Controller connection status

44

OF v1.3
Example
Input
Switch
Port

Switch
Physical
Input
Port

IntraTable
Metadata

Etherne
t Dest
Addr

Ethernet
Source
Addr

Ethernet
Frame
Type

Input
VLAN
id

Input
VLAN
Priority

IP
DSCP

IP ECN

IP
Protocol

IPv4
Source
Addr

IPv4
Dest
Addr

. . .
TCP
Source
Port

TCP
Dest
Port

UDP
Source
Port

UDP
Dest
Port

SCTP
Source
Port

SCTP
Dest
Port

ICMP
Type

ICMP
Code

ARP
Opcode

ARP
Source
IPv4
Addr

ARP
Target
IPv4
Addr

IPv6
Source
Addr

IPv6
Dest
Addr

. . .
. . .

IPv6
Flow
Label

. . .

ICMPv
6 type

ICMPv
6 code

Target
Addr
for ND

Source
linklayer
for ND

Target
linklayer
for ND

MPLS
label

MPLS
TC

MPLS
BoS bit

PBBISID

Logical
Port
Metadata

IPv6
Extension
Header
pseudofield

OpenFlow is one Fish in the Sea of SDN

PCEP

APIs

SDN Protocols in Internet

Application Frameworks, Management Systems, Controllers, ...
Protocols

onePK

OpenFlow

I2RS

PCEP

BGP-LS/FS

Neutron

Management

Control
Forwarding
Device

Puppet

NETCONF

OMI

Puppet

NETCONF

Agent

Orchestration
Network Services

OMI

OpenStack
Agent

BGP
Diameter
Radius
SNMP

PCEP
Agent

BGP-LS/FS
Agent

I2RS

Agent

OpenFlow
Agent

Cisco API & Agent Infrastructure (OnePK, YANG)

Operating Systems Cisco IOS / NX-OS / IOS-XR

Agent

Agent

Industry Communities, Projects and

Standards Bodies
Cisco Innovations:
FEX Architecture
802.1 Overlay
Networking Project

Technical Advisory
Board seat

Puppet Agent
Modules
Puppet Labs
investor
Technical Advisory Group
Chair,
Working Groups:
Config, Hybrid, Extensibility,
Futures/FPMOD/OF2.0

Open Network Research

Center at Stanford
University

Initiatives:
Neutron API
Donabe
Cisco Innovations:
OpenStack API for Nexus
OpenStack Extensions

Contributor Technical Committee

Management Area
Projects

Founding Platinum member

Catalyzed initial Open Source
offering

Open Source Cloud

Computing project

Overlay Working Groups:

NVO3, L2VPN, TRILL, L3VPN, LISP, PWE3
Working Groups:
NETCONF, ALTO, CDNI, XMPP, SDNP,
I2AEX
PCE, FORCES
I2RS Interface to Routing System

What Are Cisco's SDN

solutions?

Nexus 1000V

Highlights
Physical Networking Consistency NX-OS
Multi Hypervisor Consistency
Innovative Security and Monitoring Solutions

CP DP
NetVirt
API

Network
Admin

Virtual
Supervisor
Module

VSM
VSM

VEM:
Virtual Ethernet
Module

SCVMM,
OpenStack, vCD

Cloud/Server
Admin

VEM-1

Server 1

VEM-2

Server 2

VEM-N

Sever 3

OnePK = One Platform Kit

Allows an external application to access, extend or customize the software

capabilities of Ciscos routers and switches via APIs
Provides deep packet and routing path manipulation capabilities
Normalizes application-to-device interface regardless of the native,
underlying operating system

OnePK sits on top of the device OS

Applications
Applications
Applications

Cisco onePK APIs

Java

Python

Hardware Silicon

Physical Device

IOS | IOS-XE | NX-OS | IOS-XR

REST

OnePK Service Sets

DATA PATH

Packet delivery services to application e.g. copy, punt, inject

POLICY

Filtering (NBAR), classification (class-map, policy-map),

actions (marking, policing, queuing), applying policy to interfaces

ROUTING

Read RIB Routes, add/remove routes, receive RIB notifications

ELEMENT

CPU/Memory statistics, interface statistics, element and interface

events

DISCOVERY

Layer 3 topology and local service discovery

UTILITY

SYSLOG event and path tracing capability

DEVELOPER

Debug capability and CLI extension (invoke CLI from application)

Deployment Models
End-Point Hosted

Blade Hosted

Container Hosted
AKA Process Hosted

Application

Application
Server

Service Blade

OnePK
Application
Router/Switch

OnePK
Router/Switch

Runs on a remote server

-Available-

OnePK

Runs on a service blade

-Available-

Runs locally on the device

-Cisco sourced Apps only-Nexus3000-

Overlays
Overlay / Virtual Network

Mobile

Scalable

Supports Segmentation / multi-tenancy

Programmable & Manageable

Underlay / Fabric

High Capacity

Resilient

Intelligent Traffic Handling

Programmable & Manageable

Layer-2 Overlays
+ Emulate L2 LAN Segment
+ Transport Ethernet Frames (IP and non-IP)
+ Can emulate physical topologies
-

Single Subnet Mobility (L2 domain)

Exposure to L2 Flooding

Layer-3 Overlays
+ Abstract IP-based connectivity
+ Transport IP Packets
+ Can emulate physical topologies
+ Full Mobility regardless of subnet
+ Contain Network Failures/Flooding

+ Useful in abstracting connectivity and policy

Tunnel End-Point

The Edges of Overlays

Host Overlays

Network Overlays

VM
Physical

Physical

VM

Integrated Overlays

VM

Virtual

VM

Virtual

VM

VM

Virtual

Physical

Router/Switch end-points

Virtual end-points only

Physical and virtual end-points

Protocols for Resiliency & Loops

Single administrative domain

Resiliency & Scale; Cross-org &

Federation

Traditional VPNs
OTV, VXLAN, VPLS, LISP

Open Standards

VXLAN, NVGRE, STT

ACI

Some Network Overlay/SDN Humor

Credit to Sean McGee

Ciscos Solutions in Overlays

VXLAN

LISP

MPLS

Nexus 1000V

OTV

ACI

VPLS
BRKDCT-1301

VXLAN Deployment Use Cases and Best Practices

BRKDCT-2328

Evolution of Network Overlays in Data Center Clouds

BRKDCT-2049

Overlay Transport Virtualization

BRKDCT-3103

Advanced OTV - Configure, Verify and Troubleshoot OTV in Your

Network

BRKDCT-2131

Mobility and Virtualization in the Data Center with LISP and OTV

An Overview of Network
Controllers

What Is OpenDaylight?

an open source project formed by industry leaders and others under the
Linux Foundation with the mutual goal of furthering the adoption and innovation
of Software Defined Networking (SDN) through the creation of a common
vendor supported framework.

Focus: Customers with some programming resources that desire a free,

community-supported SDN controller, especially if focus is on OpenFlow
Platinum

Gold

Silver

OpenDaylight (ODL)
Network Applications

Cisco Sourced

3rd Parties

Customers

OpenDaylight Controller

Web UI
OSGI

Northbound APIs

RESTful

Basic Operation Infrastructure

Dijkstra SPF
Forwarding Rules Manager

Stats Manager

Host Tracker

Physical and Logical

Topology Manager

ARP Handler

Device Manager

Service Abstraction Layer (SAL)

NETCONF

OVSDB

Southbound APIs

NETWORK DEVICES
Cisco or Other OpenFlow-enabled Devices

OpenFlow (1.0 or 1.3)

Java Bundle

H/A

OpenDaylight Architectural Model

Hydrogen
Released February 2014
Helium
Released October 2014
1.87M+ lines of code
28 Projects
256 Contributors

Lithium
June 2015 planned release

OpenDaylight Membership
Platinum Members
29
1

23
13

15
4

1.9M lines of code

since projects
launch
10,411
total

Continuous Growth to 41 Members

OpenDaylight Helium Contributions

Source: http://spectrometer.opendaylight.org/?metric=loc

OpenDaylight

OpenFlow-enabled
devices that are
configured to this
controller
automatically show
up in the topology

OpenDaylight

Hosts can be added

or learned
Flow-specifications
can be defined or
reviewed

What Is OSC?

Ciscos reinvestment from the previous Extensible Network Controller

(XNC) to a new Open SDN Controller (OSC)

Based on OpenDaylight Helium

Includes Cisco value-added functions: installation helpers, log and metrics

aggregation, plug-in clustering, and monitoring

http://cisco.com/go/opensdn or
https://developer.cisco.com/site/openSDN

Focus: Customers with some programming resources that desire a

commercially supported edition of a free, community-supported SDN
controller, especially if focus is on OpenFlow

Cisco Commercial Distribution of OpenDaylight

Cisco Open SDN Controller

Open SDN Controller vs Cisco XNC

Re-bases XNC on OpenDaylight Helium Release
Hydrogen

Helium

XNC 1.x

Lithium

Open SDN Controller

Open SDN Controller vs OpenDaylight

HELIUM

Open SDN Controller

Community Support

Cisco Supported

OpenContrail
Plugin

LISP Flow
Mapping

DLUX
AAA

MD-SAL

Group Policy

Precluded
OpenDaylight
Content
VTN Project

Common Content

Incremental
Cisco
Value

Yang Tools

One Click Install

Openflow
Plugin

PacketCable
PCMM

Basic
Clustering

Controller

OVSDB

SNMP4SDN

Metrics
Aggregation
OVA Distribution

BGP-LS

Defense4all
L2 Switch

Log
Aggregation

SDNi

Monitoring
Central Admin

Service Function
Chaining

AD-SAL

PCEP
Secure Network
Bootstrap Infra

Plug-in Clustering
Sample Apps

To be contributed back
to the open community

Deployment Options
Standalone

3 Node Cluster

Southbound plug-in clustering to be contributed to OpenDaylight Lithium

Deployment Experience
One Click Installation
Open Virtualization (OVA) Format

VMware ESXi and Oracle Virtual

Box support
Single click to select standalone
vs clustered installation
Seamless software upgrades

Launched by Cisco Platform BU

Web Based User Interface

Centralized Management
and Administration
Installed applications

System management
System monitoring

Native Applications
BGPLS Manager
Visualize network
topology based on
Border Gateway
(BGP) Protocols

Native Applications (contd)

Inventory
Augmented OpenDaylight
Nodes user interface
Device vendor
Platform IDs
Series numbers

Native Applications (contd)

Model Explorer
OpenDaylight YANG
User Interface

Call functions
Parameters
JSON body preview

Native Applications (contd)

OpenFlow Manager
OpenFlow topology
visualization
Advanced flow management
Flow based troubleshooting
JSON body preview

Native Applications (contd)

PCEP Manager
Auto-create LabelSwitched Paths (LSPs)
Manually create LSPs
Delete LSPs

System Management
Feature Administration
Provision
Enable / disable

User Administration
Provision
Role assignment

System Monitoring
Services Status
Details on each node in a cluster
System status
Controller status
Metrics status

Logs status

System Monitoring (contd)

Real Time Event Logging
Event visualization
Adhoc queries
Filtered queries

System Monitoring (contd)

Real Time Metrics
CPU utilization
Memory usage
System load

Controller heap size

Network usage
Free disk space

APIs

RESTCONF and Java APIs

For provisioning, checking
configuration and operational
states and fault management
List of exposed Northbound APIs
available via DevNet and on
platform
SAL Binding, Common,
Connector and Core APIs
provided

What Is APIC-EM?

A purpose-built, easy to use SDN controller

Does NOT require programming experience [but does have REST NBI]

Does NOT require HW/SW upgrades to take advantage of controller model

Has specific applications built-in to address common network needs:

Policy Management, QoS Management, Zero-Touch Deployment and iWAN

Available to SmartNet customers without charge

Focus: Enterprise Customers with Few to No Programming Resources

that desires a Commercially-supported solution that preserves existing
investment and doesnt require HW/SW upgrades

Cisco Application Policy Infrastructure Controller

Enterprise Module (APIC-EM)
Network Applications

Cisco Sourced

Customers

3rd Parties

Cisco APIC-EM Controller

Web UI

Northbound APIs

RESTful

Controller Applications & Features

Investment
protection w/o
HW/SW upgrades

H/A

Policy Manager

Host Tracker

Clustering

QoS Manager

Network Discovery

iWAN

Topology Manager

Zero-Touch
Deployment (ZTD)

Device Manager

VTY

Southbound APIs

NETWORK DEVICES
Cisco Devices

onePK / OpenFlow / OpFlex (Future)

Network Information Base Provides One Source of Truth

Topology View

APIC-EM @ Cisco Live (San Francisco 2014)

Application:
QoS Classification Management

Application:
Policy Analysis (ACL Trace Example)

APIC-EM ZTD: Site Add Devices

Site Workflow
Serial # and PID based

device matching on server

Operational Config and/or

IOS image for each device

Bootstrap config optional
Import/Export to use table

driven data entry

Or use REST for import !

What Is APIC?

The SDN controller which is the unifying point of automation and

management for the Application Centric Infrastructure (ACI) fabric.

Offers services for managing System, Tenant(s), Fabric, VM(s), L4-7

Services in the Nexus 9K datacenter fabric

NBI: REST, Python

SBI: OpFlex ACI, REST, L4-7 Scripting API/VTY

Focus: Data Center Customers that desire a Commercially-supported

solution that leverages a centralized controller for the Nexus 9k product
family

Cisco Application Policy Infrastructure Controller (APIC)

Network Applications

Cisco Sourced

Customers

3rd Parties
Advanced GUI
with Extended
Features

Cisco APIC-DC Controller

Web UI
Python

Northbound APIs

RESTful

Controller Applications/Feature

System
Manager
OpFlex
Ciscos proposal
to IETF to
standardize a SBI
for policy
management

Tenant
Manager

OpFlex/ACI Agent

NETWORK DEVICES
Cisco Nexus 9k Family

Fabric
Manager

Southbound APIs

VM Manager

REST

L4-7 Services
Manager

L4-7 Scripting API / VTY

Cisco Application Policy Infrastructure Controller

Centralized Automation and Fabric Management
Unified point of data center network automation
and management:

Layer 4 - 7

Application-centric network policies

Data model-based declarative provisioning

Application, topology monitoring, and troubleshooting
Third-party integration (Layer 4 - 7 services, storage,
compute, WAN, etc.)

Citrix
F5

Cisco

System
Management
Puppet Labs
Python
OpsCode
CFEngine

Storage
Management
NetApp
EMC
Corporation

Orchestration
Management
CloudStack
VMware

Red Hat
KVM

OpenStack
Microsoft
XenServer

Open RESTful API

Image management (spine and leaf)

Storage SME

Fabric inventory

Single Cisco APIC cluster supports

one million+ endpoints, 200,000+ ports, and
64,000+ tenants
Centralized access to all fabric information GUI, CLI, and RESTful APIs
Extensible to computing and storage
management

Policy-Based
Provisioning

Security SME

Server SME Network SME

App. SME

OS SME

APIC
Unified API

Unified Information Model

RESTFul over HTTP(s)

JSON + XML
Unified: automatically delegates request to corresponding
components
Transactional
Single Management Entity yet fully independent components

Object Oriented

Comprehensive access to underlying information model

Consistent object naming directly mapped to URL
Supports object, sub-tree and class-level queries

APIC Architecture Overview

Multithreaded, Distributed & Clustered Fabric Controllers

Management Access
GUI
CLI
Web
Object
Browser
Python
SDK

Any APIC
R
E
S
T

API Tools

https://apic.local/api/mo/uni/tn-common.xml

APIC

APIC GUI System Topology

APIC

API Inspector in GUI

Cisco SDN: Providing Choice in Automation and Programmability

Application Centric
Infrastructure

DB

Programmable Fabric

Programmable Network

DB

Web

Web

App

Web

App

Turnkey integrated solution with

security, centralized management,
compliance and scale

Automated application centric-policy

model with embedded security
Broad and deep ecosystem
Mass Market
(commercial, enterprises, public sector)

VxLAN-BGP EVPN
standard-based

Modern NX-OS with enhanced

NX-APIs

3rd party controller support

Automation Ecosystem
(Puppet, Chef, Ansible etc.)

VTS for software overlay

provisioning and management
across N2K-N9K
Service Providers

Common NX-API
across N2K-N9K
Mega Scale Datacenters

Updates on Nexus Portfolio Offerings

Extended NX-API Support Across Nexus 2K-9K
Application Centric
Infrastructure

DB

Programmable Fabric

Programmable Network

NEW! Virtual Topology System

(VTS) for software overlay
provisioning and management
across for Nexus 2K-9K (2H
2015)
Standards-based fabric
support on Nexus 5600/7x00
with VXLAN BGP EVPN
(shipping with Nexus 9000
today)

NEW! Unified Open NX-OS Release for

Nexus 3000 and Nexus 9000 (Q3 2015)
Enhancements to NX-API object store
and model driven
Native 3rd party RPM applications
integration (tcollector, Nagios, Ganglia,
Puppet / Chef etc.)
Linux utilities support for seamless tool
integration across compute and network
SDK for custom application integration

DB

Web

Web

App

Web

App

NEW! ACI Release for Nexus 9000

(Shipping June 2015 )
Microsoft Azure and System Center
Integration
Programmability examples: vCenter plugin, ACI toolkit etc.
Simplified operations
Stretched fabric, multiple destinations
from 30KMs to 150KMs
Group-based policy on Openstack
New ACI ecosystem partners (CliQr)

NEW! Common NX-API across N2KN9K (2H 2015)

Programmable Fabric
NX-API, VXLAN BGP EVPN Fabric, and Virtual Topology System (VTS)
VTS

NX-API

Operations /
Programmability
& Automation
BGP-EVPN VXLAN Fabric

Physical

Bare Metal

Virtual

DCI/WAN

VM

VM

OS

OS

Automated
DCI / WAN

Virtualized

VTS for software overlay provisioning and management across

Nexus 2000 Nexus 9000 (2H 2015)

Virtual Topology System (VTS)

Overlay Provisioning & Management System

vCenter

GUI

REST API

Automated

Flexible Overlays

Seamless integration with Orchestrators

Overlay provisioning and DCI/WAN integration

Physical and virtual overlays

Bare-metal and Virtualized workloads

VTS

Open and Programmable

Scalable VXLAN Management

REST Northbound APIs

Multi-protocol and Multi-hypervisor support

MP-BGP EVPN control plane

High performance virtual forwarding

Programmable Fabric

Across Nexus Portfolio

Nexus 2K 9K

NEW! Unified Open NX-OS Release for Nexus 3000 and

Nexus 9000 (Q3 2015)
Delivering Operational Flexibility and Lower OPEX
Programmable
Open APIs

3rd Party DevOps

Automation Tools

Custom Application
Development

Managing Switch with

Linux Tools

DC
Repository
3rd party/custom apps
integration

Nexus

Open, Modular
Operating System

Toolset Integration in
Open NX-OS

Enhancements to existing
NX-API to support objectbased, model driven APIs

Pre-developed RPMs from

Cisco and Partners

(RESTful XML/JSON)

Leverage same software tools

and expertise across different
IT departments

Extensible
Open NX-OS
New SDK enables custom
application development with
option for securelxc
containers
CPU, memory, priority controls

Leverage Linux Toolchain for

Switch Management
Leverage tcpdump, ifconfig
ethtool, iproute, BASH shell
commands for config and
troubleshooting

Cisco Prime Interlock with SDN/NP

Management
and
Orchestration
Layer

CIAC
UCSD

PRIME INFRASTRUCTURE
& NAM

3rd Party
Apps

Operational Intelligence
Automated Service Provisioning
Dynamic Service Assurance

Catalog/
Provisioning

Fault/
Events

User / Data Performance Reporting /

Analytics
Management Monitoring

Visualization and Analytics

REST API

Control
Layer

APIC Controller

Network Intelligence
Device Layer Abstraction

Data Center Module

Enterprise Module

Network Control
Policy Enforcement and Network
Change

CLI, OpenFlow, OpFlex API

Device
Layer

Cisco Devices
Data Center, Enterprise Networks

How to Get Ready

Controller Deployment
Branch

Campus

Start by asking/acknowledging the

business problem/opportunity youre
trying to address with SDN/NP
Carefully track the device support you
have or need for onePK / OpenFlow /
ACI (OpFlex) support as it will dictate
what you can/cant do

Data Center

Teleworker

Gauge the programming/development

effort needed to achieve your goals

SDN/Network Programmability Impact to ITSM

External Programs (and App Developers) have access to traditional network

devices You Good with that!?

Change Control Now more Real-Time Programs/Apps need to participate

You MUST have Focused, Intentional monitoring of the controllers they are
the brains!

You MUST have a Robust backup/redundancy plan for controllers

You MUST implement Good RBAC, security and accounting lock-down the
controllers and APIs!

The Uncle Ben Principle - With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility

SoAre All Network Engineers Becoming

Programmers?

Remember This Inflection Point?

Telephony in 1998

IP Telephony struggled until we got hybrid engineers to translate between the

Circuit Switch Tip & Ring and Packet Switch Bits & Bytes camps

Likewise, now, we need the next generation of hybrid engineers to translate between
traditional network domain engineers and software/application developers

What Skills Would Be Helpful for a

Network Engineer Branching Out?

Basic Programming constructs

(conditionals, loops, functions/procedures)

Basic Python / Perl

REST / Web Services

Regular Expression

XML / XSLT

Basic SQL

Basic shell scripting - grep

#1 - Communicating Effectively with Programmers

Job Roles: Cisco Network Programmability Evolution

Business Application
Developer

Business Application
Developer Network
Programmability Aware

System Engineer/
Network Designer

Network
Programmability
Developer

Network Engineer

Development
Curriculum

Network
Programmability
Designer

Support Engineer

Network
Programmability
Engineer

Traditional Networking
Infrastructure

Open Infrastructure

http://www.cisco.com/web/learning/certifications/specialist

Cisco Services

SMART
SERVICE
CAPABILITIES

Services from Cisco Together with Cisco Certified Partners

Driving Catalyst 6500 Migration To Nexus 9000

Migration
Tools

Catalyst Environments

Automate Nexus
9000 deployment
and configuration

Migrate any
Cat6500 topology to
any Nexus 9000
topology

Advanced Services
best practices

Catalyst IOS to
NX-OS config
conversion

VSS

Nexus 9000 Deployment

Cisco Quick Start Service For Nexus 9000

Overview

Technical advice and

guidance for smooth
integration of Nexus
9000
Technical consultant 3day on-site
High-level use
case/design discussion

Deliverables
N/A

Outcomes
Share best practices and
knowledge
Increase competency and
speed to optimize ACI in
your environment
Gain valuable expertise by
having direct access to
Cisco consultants

Cisco Accelerated Deployment Services For Nexus 9000

Overview
Define business and
technical objectives, use
case alignment, current and
future state
Assess data center
ecosystem (server, network,
storage, and virtualization)
Functional specs, design,
test plan, acceptance
criteria
Support customer team
during validation
Knowledge transfer

Deliverables

Design document
Configuration migration
Operations guideline
Custom script development
Knowledge transfer

Outcomes
Blueprint for ACI
Accelerate time-to-value
attainment and production

Technical Assistance From Cisco TAC

Resolve Issues Quickly
Direct Access to Cisco Technical Experts
Highly trained network and application software engineers worldwide
Expertise and best practices across data center technologies

24x7

Computer science/electrical engineering degrees

Engineering staff averages 5 years' industry experience

CCIE professionals
24x7 global access by phone, web, or email

DevNet

http://
https://developer.cisco.com

Cisco SDN: Providing Choice in Automation and Programmability

Application Centric
Infrastructure

DB

Programmable Fabric

Programmable Network

DB

Web

Web

App

Web

App

Turnkey integrated solution with

security, centralized management,
compliance and scale

Automated application centric-policy

model with embedded security
Broad and deep ecosystem
Mass Market
(commercial, enterprises, public sector)

VxLAN-BGP EVPN
standard-based

Modern NX-OS with enhanced

NX-APIs

3rd party controller support

Automation Ecosystem
(Puppet, Chef, Ansible etc.)

VTS for software overlay

provisioning and management
across N2K-N9K
Service Providers

Common NX-API
across N2K-N9K
Mega Scale Datacenters

Participate in the My Favorite Speaker Contest

Promote Your Favorite Speaker and You Could Be a Winner

Promote your favorite speaker through Twitter and you could win $200 of Cisco
Press products (@CiscoPress)

Send a tweet and include

Your favorite speakers Twitter handle @SNMPguy
Two hashtags: #CLUS #MyFavoriteSpeaker

You can submit an entry for more than one of your favorite speakers

Dont forget to follow @CiscoLive and @CiscoPress

View the official rules at http://bit.ly/CLUSwin

Complete Your Online Session Evaluation

Give us your feedback to be

entered into a Daily Survey
Drawing. A daily winner
will receive a $750 Amazon
gift card.

Complete your session surveys

though the Cisco Live mobile
app or your computer on
Cisco Live Connect.
Dont forget: Cisco Live sessions will be available
for viewing on-demand after the event at
CiscoLive.com/Online

Continue Your Education

Demos in the Cisco campus

Walk-in Self-Paced Labs

Table Topics

Meet the Engineer 1:1 meetings

Related sessions

Thank you

R&S Related Cisco Education Offerings

Course

Description

Cisco Certification

CCIE R&S Advanced Workshops (CIERS-1 &

CIERS-2) plus
Self Assessments, Workbooks & Labs

Expert level trainings including: instructor led workshops, self

assessments, practice labs and CCIE Lab Builder to prepare candidates
for the CCIE R&S practical exam.

CCIE Routing & Switching

Implementing Cisco IP Routing v2.0

Implementing Cisco IP Switched
Networks V2.0
Troubleshooting and Maintaining
Cisco IP Networks v2.0

Professional level instructor led trainings to prepare candidates for the

CCNP R&S exams (ROUTE, SWITCH and TSHOOT). Also available in
self study eLearning formats with Cisco Learning Labs.

CCNP Routing & Switching

Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices:

Part 2 (or combined)

Configure, implement and troubleshoot local and wide-area IPv4 and IPv6
networks. Also available in self study eLearning format with Cisco Learning
Lab.

CCNA Routing & Switching

Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices:

Part 1

Installation, configuration, and basic support of a branch network. Also

available in self study eLearning format with Cisco Learning Lab.

CCENT Routing & Switching

For more details, please visit: http://learningnetwork.cisco.com

Questions? Visit the Learning@Cisco Booth or contact ask-edu-pm-dcv@cisco.com

Data Center / Virtualization Cisco Education Offerings

Course

Description

Cisco Certification

Cisco Data Center CCIE Unified Fabric

Workshop (DCXUF);
Cisco Data Center CCIE Unified Computing
Workshop (DCXUC)

Prepare for your CCIE Data Center practical exam with hands on lab
exercises running on a dedicated comprehensive topology

CCIE Data Center

Implementing Cisco Data Center Unified Fabric

(DCUFI);
Implementing Cisco Data Center Unified
Computing (DCUCI)

Obtain the skills to deploy complex virtualized Data Center Fabric and
Computing environments with Nexus and Cisco UCS.

CCNP Data Center

Introducing Cisco Data Center Networking

(DCICN); Introducing Cisco Data Center
Technologies (DCICT)

Learn basic data center technologies and how to build a data center
infrastructure.

CCNA Data Center

Product Training Portfolio: DCAC9k, DCINX9k,

DCMDS, DCUCS, DCNX1K, DCNX5K, DCNX7K

Get a deep understanding of the Cisco data center product line including
the Cisco Nexus9K in ACI and NexusOS modes

For more details, please visit: http://learningnetwork.cisco.com

Questions? Visit the Learning@Cisco Booth or contact ask-edu-pm-dcv@cisco.com

Network Programmability Cisco Education Offerings

Course

Description

Cisco Certification

Integrating Business Applications with Network

Programmability (NIPBA);
Integrating Business Applications with Network
Programmability for Cisco ACI (NPIBAACI)

Learn networking concepts, and how to deploy and troubleshoot

programmable network architectures with these self-paced courses.

Cisco Business Application

Engineer Specialist Certification

Developing with Cisco Network Programmability

(NPDEV);
Developing with Cisco Network Programmability
for Cisco ACI (NPDEVACI)

Learn how to build applications for network environments and effectively

bridge the gap between IT professionals and software developers.

Cisco Network Programmability

Developer Specialist Certification

Designing with Cisco Network Programmability

(NPDES);
Designing with Cisco Network Programmability
for Cisco ACI (NPDESACI)

Learn how to expand your skill set from traditional IT infrastructure to

application integration through programmability.

Cisco Network Programmability

Design Specialist Certification

Implementing Cisco Network Programmability

(NPENG);
Implementing Cisco Network Programmability
for Cisco ACI (NPENGACI)

Learn how to implement and troubleshoot open IT infrastructure

technologies.

Cisco Network Programmability

Engineer Specialist Certification

For more details, please visit: http://learningnetwork.cisco.com

Questions? Visit the Learning@Cisco Booth or contact ask-edu-pm-dcv@cisco.com

Cloud Cisco Education Offerings

Course

Description

Designing the FlexPod Solution (FPDESIGN);

Implementing and Administering the FlexPod
Solution (FPIMPADM)

Learn how to design, implement and administer FlexPod solutions

UCS Director (UCSDF)

Learn how to manage physical and virtual infrastructure using

orchestration and automation functions of UCS Director.

Cisco Prime Service Catalog

Learn how to deliver data center, workplace, and application services in an

on-demand, automated, and repeatable method.

Cisco Intercloud Fabric

Learn how to implement end-to-end hybrid clouds with Intercloud Fabric

for Business and Intercloud Fabric for Providers.

Cisco Intelligent Automation for Cloud

Learn how to implement and manage cloud deployments with Cisco

Intelligent Automation for Cloud

For more details, please visit: http://learningnetwork.cisco.com

Questions? Visit the Learning@Cisco Booth or contact ask-edu-pm-dcv@cisco.com

Cisco Certification
FlexPod Design Specialist;
FlexPod Implementation &
Administration Specialist

Acronym Decoder Ring [Aka Glossary]

SDN -- Software Defined Networking

BGP-LS Border Gateway Protocol Link State

onePK one Platform Kit

NFV Network Functions Virtualization

SS7 Signaling System No. 7

ATM LANE Asynchronous Transfer Mode LAN Emulation

GMPLS Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching

VPLS Virtual Private LAN Service

VPN Virtual Private Network

GRE Generic Routing Encapsulation

LISP Locator/ID Separation Protocol

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

NETCONF Network Configuration Protocol [IETF Standard]

EEM Embedded Event Manager

Acronym Decoder Ring [Aka Glossary]

CP Control Plane

DP Data Plane

CLI Command-Line Interface

API Application Programmatic Interface

GUI Graphical User Interface

OF OpenFlow

NAT Network Address Translation

TLV Type-Length-Value

PCEP Path Computation Element (PCE) Communication Protocol

I2RS Interface To Routing System

OTV Overlay Transport Virtualization

VXLAN Virtual Extensible LAN

REST Representational State Transfer

IDE Integrated Development Environment

Acronym Decoder Ring [Aka Glossary]

CA Controlled Availability

GA General Availability

EFT Early Field Trial

NVGRE Network Virtualization using Generic Routing Encapsulation

STT Stateless Transport Tunneling

ODL OpenDaylight

OSGi Open Service Gateway Initiative

NBI North-Bound Interface

SBI South-Bound Interface

iWAN Intelligent Wide Area Network

Basic Definitions
What Is Software Defined Network (SDN)?

What Is OpenFlow?

In the SDN architecture, the control and data

planes are decoupled, network intelligence and
state are logically centralized, and the underlying
network infrastructure is abstracted from the
applications

open standard that enables researchers

to run experimental protocols in campus networks.
Provides standard hook for researchers to run
experiments, without exposing internal working of
vendor devices

Note: SDN is not mandatory for network programmability or automation

Note: OpenFlow is not mandatory for SDN

Source: www.opennetworking.org

What is OpenStack?
Open source software for building public
and private Clouds; includes Compute (Nova),
Networking (Quantum) and Storage (Swift)
services.
Note: Applicable to SDN and non-SDN

Source: www.openstack.org

Source: www.opennetworking.org

What is Overlay Network?

Overlay network is created on existing network
infrastructure (physical and/or virtual) using a network
protocol. Examples of overlay network protocol are:
MPLS, LISP, OTV and VXLAN
Note: Applicable to SDN and non-SDN

onePK Platform Support

Platform

Available Now

IOS

15.4(2)T
ISR-G2 (39xx, 29xx, 19xx, 8xx)

IOS-XE

3.12S
ASR1000
ISR4400
CSR1000V

IOS-XR

5.1.2
ASR9K

NX-OS

SDK

C (GA)
Java (GA)
Python (GA)
vIOS (GA)

OpenFlow Platform Support

Platform

Available Now

IOS

Catalyst 6K (CA)

IOS-XE

Catalyst 3850
Catalyst 4K (CA)

IOS-XR

ASR9K (CA)

NX-OS

Nexus 3000, 3100

Nexus 5K
Nexus 6K
Nexys 7K (CA)

Example Please
Java HelloWorld from a Router via Syslog
/**
* Copyright (c) 2010-2012, Cisco Systems, Inc.
*
* THIS SAMPLE CODE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY BY CISCO SOLELY FOR THE PURPOSE of
* PROVIDING PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES. CISCO SHALL NOT BE HELD LIABLE FOR ANY USE OF THE SAMPLE CODE IN ANY APPLICATION.
*
* Redistribution and use of the sample code, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following
* conditions are met: Redistributions of source code must retain the above disclaimer.
*
*/
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import com.cisco.onep.core.exception.OnepConnectionException;
import com.cisco.onep.core.exception.OnepDuplicateElementException;
import com.cisco.onep.core.exception.OnepIllegalArgumentException;
import com.cisco.onep.core.exception.OnepInvalidSettingsException;
...

. . .
try {
/**
** Connect to the network element.
**/
connect();
logger.info("Connect to element = " + elementAddress);
networkElement.createSyslogMessage(NetworkElement.OnepSyslogSeverity.ONEP_SYSLOG_NOTICE, "Hello World");
logger.info("Sending 'Hello World' message via Syslog event message\n");
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error(e.getLocalizedMessage(), e);
}
networkElement.disconnect("Exit");
logger.info("\n**************** End ****************\n");
}
}

Result
NE100#sh logg
Syslog logging: enabled (0 messages dropped, 12 messages rate-limited, 0 flushes, 0 overruns, xml disabled,
Console logging: level debugging, 48 messages logged, xml disabled,
filtering disabled
Monitor logging: level debugging, 0 messages logged, xml disabled,
filtering disabled
Buffer logging: level debugging, 57 messages logged, xml disabled,
filtering disabled
Count and timestamp logging messages: disabled
Trap logging: level informational, 56 message lines logged
Logging Source-Interface:
VRF Name:
Log Buffer (4096 bytes):
*Aug 23 12:43:58.821: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
*Aug 23 12:51:53.535: %ONEP-5-HELLOWORLD: Hello World
NE100#

Infrastructure SDN Reference Architecture for NFV

Apps

Quantum WAVE Orchestration Platform

MATE
Design/Live

Bandwidth
Services

TE Tunnel
Manager

DC-WAN
Orch

Java/REST/Thrift APIs

Visualization &
Analytics

Bandwidth
Orchestration

WAVE

Collector &
Modeling

Programming

Collector API

Deployer API

Collector Server
agents

agents

DEPL

Collector/
ODL API

CDL/ODL
BGP-LS

Network

(Network Elements)

PCEP

NETCONF/
YANG

CLI

Network Functions Virtualization

Network infrastructure Services to run on Virtualized compute platforms
Key Enabler: using cloud technology to support
network functions
Hypervisor and cloud computing technology
x86 compute hardware
Network automation / orchestration

Benefits:
Reduction in CAPEX and OPEX
Faster service provisioning
Service agility

SDN is complementary, but not mandatory APIs,

Controllers

Apps & Open

Innovation

NFV

SDN

Network Function Virtualization (NFV)

Service provisioning
from days to minutes
From Cabling to Service
Chaining
Simple Logistics &
Common Sparing
Dynamic & Elastic
Scale
Seamless Integration with IP
NGN

dDOS

SBC

Firewall

NAT

VM

VM

VM

VM

CGN

DPI

IPS

Virus Scan

VM

VM

VM

VM

DHCP

DNS

PCRF

Portal

VM

VM

VM

VM

WLC

RaaS

SDN Ctrl.

BRAS

VM

VM

VM

VM

NMS

Caching

CDN

WAAS

VM

VM

VM

VM

Virtualizing Network Functions

x86 vs. Custom NPU

Better fit for NPU

Network
Forwarding
(L0-3)

Network
Services
(L4+)

e.g. IPv6/v4, MPLS, VPNs, Optical

High throughput / BW
Stateless functions
Mostly predictable traffic
Many flows needing isolation, significant traffic
management needed
Interface-specific functions (2-stage forwarding)

e.g. DPI, FW, CGN, BNG, Mobility S/PGW, AAA,

DNS, DDOS
Low to Med Throughput
Stateful functions
Unpredictable traffic
# of flows (traffic management) varies
No interface-specific functions

Compute
Bandwidth

Better fit for x86

(Virtualization)
Compute
Bandwidth

Better fit for x86

NFV #1 Use-case

Compute
Bandwidth

Virtual Route Reflector

Primary
RR

Secondary
RR

IPv4

Primary
Server

IPv6
VPNv4
VPLS

Wide Area Network

8 RR chassis

IPv
4 IPv6
VPNv4
VPLS

Secondary
Server
IPv
4 IPv6
VPNv4
IPv6

Wide Area Network

2 Server Chassis
1 RR per VM

Overview of Cisco SP Virtualization offerings

Security

Routing
Cloud
Services
Router (CSR)
Shipping

Virtual Route
Reflector
(XRv)
Shipping

Virtual
Firewall
(ASAv)
FCS Q2 CY14

Virtual PE
Router
(Sunstone)
Pre-CC

Virtual BNG
(X-Star)
Pre-CC

Web/Email
Security
Appliance
(WSA/ESA)
FCS 2H CY14

Mobility
Virtual EPC
(QvPC SSI)
FCS Q2 CY14

Virtual EPC
(QvPC
SCALE)
FCS Q4 CY14

Virtual GiLAN
(Project Tenmile)

Video

Others

Cloud DVR

Virtual
WLC

vCDN

Virtual SCE

Orchestration
HERO

Mozart
Cloud Services Orchestration
FCS Q2 CY14

Quantum WAVE
WAN Orchestration
FCS Q2 CY14