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    Edison Hurtado
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    Diseño de la investigación Comparación

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    18 views9 pages

    Bechofer Comparar y Controlar

    Uploaded by

    Edison Hurtado
    Diseño de la investigación Comparación

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 9
    Social Research Today Series editor: Martin Bulmer Related des ‘Quantity and Quality in Social Research ‘Alan Brynan Research Methods and Organisational Studies ‘Alen Brynan Inthe Field: An ltreduction to Field Research RobereG, Buses Research Design (second edition) (Catherine Hoton Methods of Criminologcal Research Vier Jupp ‘Also inthe Social Research Taday sere edd by Marin der Social Tapact Amseasment Henk Beer Information Techaoloy fr the Social Seentet Raymond M. Le ‘An Introduction to the Philosophy of Social Research Tim Mey and Maca Wiens Surveys in Social Research David de Vaus Researching the Powerful in Education Geofey Walid Principles of Research Design in the Social Sciences Frank Bechhofer and Lindsay Paterson London and New York 300.7 as Bane ) publ 000 tha TT New ets ane, Londen CAP AEE Sane lsd a he USA and Cade iyfowtiee Wat eh See, New et HY 01 alton pin Tn 8 Fen Grp (©2000 Fak Be Lindy Peon “etn God y Tr Fac aks ad Pred on nnd Crs Btn pM os a odin ‘gre Net of a hay ene fehl es we nora icing phxsprngan coring sy fomeion Songer sm sh pn sm the plates ith ry Calin Pann Das ‘Napa el retook abe om te Beth Liar Lay of Cones Cag Peon Das Pine frac deen int cel ces Frank ecole on Pts Interim ("Soe cnr Reh Sol ences Maha {Penn Und I Te Ft ba goo "anaes Soo-7aadt cir Ian o-as-2tea-4aap Bi Contents Preface ‘Acknowledgements 1 Fundamentals: comparison and contrat 2. Experiments 5 Represerativeness 4 The choice of locale and group 5 To interview or not to inerview 6 Steverured questionaies 7 Fieldwork 8 Tine 9 Policy reaarch 10 Jourmalisn and literature ‘Guide to further reading Bibagaphy Inder 0 Bt 49 155 167 Acknowledgements ‘We are grateful to Ashgate Publishing fr permision to repreduce Figues {6.1 and 63, and to Penguin UK for permsion to we the extracts from Rovernary Edmondr'trantation of War and Peace is Chapter 10. We ae rrateful to David McCrone for reading the whole text of a deat of the broke and making many insigheful comments. We are also grateful 0 Richard B. Davies, Pamela Muna, Maria Seow and David Smith for ‘commenting onthe geen ideas inthe book and on drafts of Chapters | fd Many ofthe Weas were nlzo refined ehrough being med with elas for postgraduate research students inthe Faculkies of Socal Science and of Education atthe Universty of Edinburgh. The responsi for the fal version of couse, our own. The book isa eallaboraive work 0 which each author conerbured equally the order of rames onthe tile age reflects only the alphabet 1 Fundamentals ‘Comparison and control In this chapees, we se the scene by explaining why we see the o¥0 concepts of comparizon and conta a so cenual to research design that focusing on them allows us to make judgement about the stenghs and weaknesses of various approaches to esearch. We aall sat by beating the two concep inthe research proces, and then discuss each of hem in ‘tum in greater deal ‘Comparison and control inthe research process Despite the steady growth in social research over the lat ory to fifty yeas i quite easy for social scientist thik of many topes about Which we know rather litle, social prblems which we would ke to {olve, and explanations fo socal phenomena which ae less than mcisfae~ tory. Anyene wishing to embark n research is likely to have an adequate Tenowledge ofthe leraire and the necesary intellectual curiosity about the social world around them tobe able todo this. Hens fra reach projet can be generated in ways which corespand to thove three categorie, wich ae intended tobe iluseratve rather than ‘hastve. The dicovery ofa hither insuficiently explored aca ofen Cineides with economic, polital oe socal changes which make it topical. An example isthe explosion in research cx small businesses in the 1980s What jp regarded ata social problem at any moment in time ‘may be primary a matter of perception or nora pane. For instance ear cL erime does not by any means always comespond to its severity or inci- dence and why this should be so isan interesting research queston (see for example Hough 1995). Neverheles, AIDS prevention, the incidence drug taking or alcoholism, the impact of unemployment, or variations in edacational provision might all be seen by varius social scienits social problems worthy of futher attention. A wish o improve on or efor oe de 2 Fundamentals: companion and cord i tly dill cpr fsx plaramenan whlch dlrninatin thebeats poche feral Undotaelly to people fe ene Gan eet boom ober ip econ peg Lena ey ee eter oe Jeope wich are inane way sn and dor ic eceped ches Sol epmens end co ka he Mk of eating he nino tein Sach vans in ei are nevi nwt oar rate bc nou expertnce nal wore ena on ‘cach carro wok for ght dege witha sine Hen cf what thew sty oleae prea enfooatnes tic vague oe ‘What ofen lew apprecated that wile ty teat ey scents waench robles, working ot howto cna do mach tha cg on ena saw em nig srr Aaa cote of exiles ar ll ache oc alo at the kindof reach degn which ace arclred sexes x mci ‘etre te wh ha haifa Wat iethen amt ene teh dg wich makes he 9 grin? Tc he camera Stein cf th bck de a Soc lig an be the way it appeoahes the to tes of compar ‘and conus Designing + piece ef empirical recach eque resecheto decide on the bes was of lleting day in sere cle) ‘hich wil pele meaning an insight compat Atte a tine the roeach desig tut achieve the contol which gives some degre of cara thor computing planation, Contl fer san epstemclogea concep nor fn orgiationa one. Concer with contol doesnot imply tat ene Wide or indeed able to manipulate the sain, and the ned to Achieve coal applies mmvch tothe wt etal nd parcpatny fetwork station to experimental ones Rewaich desig wl lifer tro in ter ofthe place ce ples where he reach eared ot the methods wd to her daa andthe aaa technique wad Coil can be ached in irene way each ofthese ape andi forth reason chat the chagte of hls took dea nt ony with eh art seltevienly deg ise auch ache we of experiment or sampling tut alo the impleton or cmpaion and contol ef wing intewiews cr fickwor profs deen. tn pine making the ight compro and being resoably sue thatthe conluions drm ste sud may ecm novi geal of teste, reps of Row diffe fe maybe ln prac: Reae wh ame fom some dciplie,paychology for example way marvel ha we finde ecemry #0 foreground competion and conta aa Connetng Pandan comparison and coral 3 thread draugh the erie hook woth considering for a momen why this should be 1. For thoe trained ar undegadres in cereain dic. plines especially those where experimenation is paradigmatic, thse "eas are so deeply embuided aco be selevidenly the foundaions of empirical enquiry. Concepts and theories are intertwined with enpiical Finding and, erally, wih the procedure leading to thes fin. ‘Within disciplines, depanmencs do of coune wary grealy 1 their agproach, and we do not wish to overgeeralis. Nevertheless, other fas of social science, sich a polit, sociology or socal poly. the trmrhai in methods coune roe on mpecifie techniques suck atthe Incervew oc survey. Thre may alo be «heavy emphasis on the philo- tepbical underpinnings of the dicigine and the place of enpiticl uiry within fe. Where this the case chee is often very mich es temphars on comparion and conol at an undergraduate level, and this Alference is intresting in itl. People who are trained in one wey come to think almose automaticaly about comparison and ideas of eontrol tepecilly experimental conn, arent of the way in which they ate ‘aight. Ia uch the same way, many rat sents are taughe impli Uy about the ways in which resarch ts done and the doign of eperinenss, without great enphatis being placed on thi. Its abotbed from very ently on rom choolay indeed, asthe way in which scence i done. The methods and techniques of natural science are deeply tnbded in natural sienific knowledge itself the wars in which the tnowledge was obeained are prt ofthe knowledge cain theses. Tn many undergrutecounes in sci sfenes, the acquisition ofthe recessry knowiedge and sls to cary os research separate at Gilly ftom the process of learing the substantive content of the diciptine: The wideopread exitence of courses on research methods tesament to thin and hile couse on therescal see ot rubeantve areas of a dicpline may tear the ways in which empirical nqury Proceed as incinsic wo the knowledge being disused his by no means the rule. Thus research method are very ofen seen dtinet fom the lrowledge they sim to develop: sometines the distinction becmes a deep gall For the may teseacher italy trained cis way dca

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