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BMI - Body Mass Index: Home

Body Mass Index or BMI is a tool for indicating weight status in adults.1 It is a measure
of weight for height. For adults over 20 years old, BMI falls into one of these categories:
BMI stands for Body Mass Index. It is a number that shows body weight adjusted for
height. BMI can be calculated with simple math using inches and pounds, or meters and
kilograms. For adults aged 20 years or older, BMI falls into one of these categories:
underweight, normal, overweight, or obese.
BMI is not the only indicator of health risk.
BMI is just one of many factors related to developing a chronic disease (such as heart
disease, cancer, or diabetes). Other factors that may be important to look at when
assessing your risk for chronic disease include:

Diet
Physical Activity
Waist Circumference
Blood Pressure
Blood Sugar Level
Cholesterol Level
Family History of disease

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BMI

Weight Status

Below 18.5

Underweight

18.5 24.9

Normal

25.0 29.9

Overweight

30.0 and Above

Obese

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Myth: BMI Measures Body Fat
Two people can have the same BMI, but a different percent body fat. A bodybuilder with
a large muscle mass and a low percent body fat may have the same BMI as a person
who has more body fat because BMI is calculated using weight and height only.
These men have the same height, weight, and BMI, but may have different percent body
fat.
6'3"

Height 6'3"

220 lbs Weight 220 lbs

27.5

BMI

27.5

This is a good reminder that BMI is only one piece of a person's health profile. It is
important to talk with your doctor about other measures and risk factors. (e.g., waist
circumference, smoking, physical activity level, and diet.)

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Determining Your Body Mass Index (BMI)
The table below has already done the math and metric conversions. To use the table, find the
appropriate height in the left-hand column. Move across the row to the given weight. The number
at the top of the column is the BMI for that height and weight. Or, use our BMI calculator.
BMI
19
(kg/m2)

20

Height
(in.)

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

35

40

Weight (lb.)

58

91

96 100 105 110 115 119 124 129 134 138 143 167 191

59

94

99 104 109 114 119 124 128 133 138 143 148 173 198

60

97 102 107 112 118 123 128 133 138 143 148 153 179 204

61

100 106 111 116 122 127 132 137 143 148 153 158 185 211

62

104 109 115 120 126 131 136 142 147 153 158 164 191 218

63

107 113 118 124 130 135 141 146 152 158 163 169 197 225

64

110 116 122 128 134 140 145 151 157 163 169 174 204 232

65

114 120 126 132 138 144 150 156 162 168 174 180 210 240

66

118 124 130 136 142 148 155 161 167 173 179 186 216 247

67

121 127 134 140 146 153 159 166 172 178 185 191 223 255

68

125 131 138 144 151 158 164 171 177 184 190 197 230 262

69

128 135 142 149 155 162 169 176 182 189 196 203 236 270

70

132 139 146 153 160 167 174 181 188 195 202 207 243 278

71

136 143 150 157 165 172 179 186 193 200 208 215 250 286

72

140 147 154 162 169 177 184 191 199 206 213 221 258 294

73

144 151 159 166 174 182 189 197 204 212 219 227 265 302

74

148 155 163 171 179 186 194 202 210 218 225 233 272 311

75

152 160 168 176 184 192 200 208 216 224 232 240 279 319

76

156 164 172 180 189 197 205 213 221 230 238 246 287 328

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BMI - Body Mass Index: BMI for Adults: Body Mass Index
Formula for Adults

If you are unable to use the BMI calculator, or if you are interested in how BMI is calculated, this page has
the mathematical formulas. You can calculate BMI using either feet, inches, and pounds, or meters,
centimeters, and kilograms.

English Formula
Body Mass Index can be calculated using pounds and inches with this equation

BMI = (

Weight in Pounds
(Height in inches) x (Height in inches)

) x 703

For example, a person who weighs 220 pounds and is 6 feet 3 inches tall has a BMI of 27.5.

220 lbs.
) x 703 = 27.5
(75 inches) x (75 inches)

What Does This All Mean?

Metric Formula
Body Mass Index can also be calculated using kilograms and meters (or centimeters).

Weight in Kilograms
(Height in Meters) x (Height in Meters)

BMI =

or

BMI = (

Weight in Kilograms
(Height in centimeters) x (Height in centimeters)

) x 10,000

For example, a person who weighs 99.79 Kilograms and is 1.905 Meters (190.50 centimeters) tall has a BMI
of 27.5.

99.79
Kg
(1.905 m) x (1.905 m)

= 27.5

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Overweight and Obesity: Defining Overweight and Obesity

Overweight and obesity are both labels for ranges of weight that are greater than what is
generally considered healthy for a given height. The terms also identify ranges of weight that
have been shown to increase the likelihood of certain diseases and other health problems

Controlling the global obesity epidemic

The challenge
At the other end of the malnutrition scale, obesity is one of todays most
blatantly visible yet most neglected public health problems. Paradoxically
coexisting with undernutrition, an escalating global epidemic of overweight
and obesity globesity is taking over many parts of the world. If
immediate action is not taken, millions will suffer from an array of serious
health disorders.
Obesity is a complex condition, one with serious social and psychological
dimensions, that affects virtually all age and socioeconomic groups and
threatens to overwhelm both developed and developing countries. In 1995,
there were an estimated 200 million obese adults worldwide and another 18
million under-five children classified as overweight. As of 2000, the number
of obese adults has increased to over 300 million. Contrary to conventional
wisdom, the obesity epidemic is not restricted to industrialized societies; in
developing countries, it is estimated that over 115 million people suffer from
obesity-related problems.
Generally, although men may have higher rates of overweight, women have
higher rates of obesity. For both, obesity poses a major risk for serious dietrelated noncommunicable diseases, including diabetes mellitus,
cardiovascular disease, hypertension and stroke, and certain forms of cancer.
Its health consequences range from increased risk of premature death to
serious chronic conditions that reduce the overall quality of life.
The response: making healthy choices easy choices
WHO began sounding the alarm in the 1990s, spearheading a series of
expert and technical consultations. Public awareness campaigns were also
initiated to sensitize policy-makers, private sector partners, medical

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professionals and the public at large. Aware that obesity is predominantly a
social and environmental disease, WHO is helping to develop strategies that
will make healthy choices easier to make. In collaboration with the University
of Sydney (Australia), WHO is calculating the worldwide economic impact of
overweight and obesity. It is also working with the University of Auckland
(New Zealand) to analyse the impact that globalization and rapid
socioeconomic transition have on nutrition and to identify the main political,
socioeco-nomic, cultural and physical factors which promote obesogenic
environments.

Eating for a Healthy Heart

You can lower your chances of getting heart disease. One way is to choose foods
carefully. For a healthy heart, eat:

less fat
less sodium
fewer calories
more fiber
Instead of ...

Do this ...

whole or 2 percent milk, and cream

Use 1 percent or skim milk.

fried foods

Eat baked, steamed, boiled, broiled,

or microwaved foods.

cooking with lard, butter, palm and

coconut oils, and shortenings made
with these oils

Cook with these oils only: corn,

safflower, sunflower, soybean,
cottonseed, olive, canola, peanut,
sesame, or shortenings made from
these oils.

smoked, cured, salted and canned

meat, poultry and fish

Eat unsalted fresh or frozen meat,

poultry and fish.

fatty cuts of meat, such as prime rib

Eat lean cuts of meat or cut off the

fatty parts of meat.

one whole egg in recipes

Use two egg whites.

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sour cream and mayonnaise

Use plain low-fat yogurt, low-fat

cottage cheese, or low-fat or "light"
sour cream and mayonnaise.

sauces, butter and salt

Season vegetables, including

potatoes, with herbs and spices.

regular hard and processed cheeses

Eat low-fat, low-sodium cheeses.

crackers with salted tops

Eat unsalted or low-sodium wholewheat crackers.

regular canned soups, broths and

bouillons and dry soup mixes

Eat sodium-reduced canned broths,

bouillons and soups, especially those
with vegetables.

white bread, white rice, and cereals

made with white flour

Eat whole-wheat bread, brown rice,

and whole-grain cereals.

salted potato chips and other snacks

Choose low-fat, unsalted tortilla and

potato chips and unsalted pretzels
and popcorn.

Tips for Losing Weight

Eat smaller portions.

Avoid second helpings.
Eat less fat by staying away from fried foods, rich desserts, and chocolate
candy. Foods with a lot of fat have a lot of calories.
Eat more fruits and vegetables.

Understanding the Energy Equation

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Whether you want to lose weight or maintain a healthy weight, its important to
understand the connection between the energy your body takes in (through the foods you
eat and the beverages you drink) and the energy your body uses (through the activities
you do). To lose weight, you need to use more calories than you take in. To maintain a
healthy weight, you need to balance the calories you use with those you take in. No
matter which results you want, eating a healthy diet and being physically active can help
you reach your goal.

Finding Your Balance between Food and Physical

Activity
Becoming a healthier you isnt just about eating healthy its also about physical activity.
Regular physical activity is important for your overall health and fitness. It also helps you
control body weight by balancing the calories you take in as food with the calories you
expend each day.

Be physically active, at a moderate intensity for at least 30 minutes most days of

the week.
Increasing the intensity or the amount of time that you are physically active can
have even greater health benefits and may be needed to control body weight.
About 60 minutes a day may be needed to prevent weight gain.
Children and teenagers should be physically active 60 minutes every day, or
most every day

Energize Your Life!

Who ever said physical activity is all work and no play? In fact, it can be just the
opposite! There is no need to think of strenuous workouts that are painful and boring.
Instead, imagine doing fun physical activities you enjoy and look forward to. Do physical
activity for enjoyment and watch the health benefits follow!

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Calories/Hour Expended in Common Physical Activities
Moderate Physical Activity

Approximate Calories/Hr
for a 154 lb Person1

Hiking

370

Light gardening/yard work

330

Dancing

330

Golf (walking and carrying clubs)

330

Bicycling (<10 mph)

290

Walking (3.5 mph)

280

Weight lifting (general light workout)

220

Stretching

180

Vigorous Physical Activity

Approximate Calories/Hr
for a 154 lb Person1

Running/jogging (5 mph)

590

Bicycling (>10 mph)

590

Swimming (slow freestyle laps)

510

Aerobics

480

Walking (4.5 mph)

460

Heavy yard work (chopping wood)

440

Weight lifting (vigorous effort)

440

Basketball (vigorous)

440

Calories burned per hour will be higher for persons who weigh more than 154 lbs (70 kg) and lower for
persons who weigh less.
Source: Adapted from Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2005.

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Nutrition for Everyone: Fruits and Vegetables

Eat your fruits and vegetables. Youve likely heard this statement since childhood.
Research shows why it is good advice:

Healthy diets rich in fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk of cancer and
other chronic diseases.
Fruits and vegetables also provide essential vitamins and minerals, fiber, and
other substances that are important for good health.
Most fruits and vegetables are naturally low in fat and calories and are filling.

Nutrition for Everyone: Bone Health

Bones play many roles in the body. They provide structure, protect organs, anchor
muscles, and store calcium. Adequate calcium consumption and weight bearing physical
activity build strong bones, optimizes bone mass, and may reduce the risk of
osteoporosis later in life.

Peak Bone Mass

Peak bone mass refers to the genetic potential for bone density. By the age of 20, the
average woman has acquired most of her skeletal mass. A large decline in bone mass
occurs in older adults, increasing the risk of osteoporosis. For women this occurs around
the time of menopause.
It is important for young girls to reach their peak bone mass in order to maintain bone
health throughout life. A person with high bone mass as a young adult will be more likely
to have a higher bone mass later in life. Inadequate calcium consumption and physical
activity early on could result in a failure to achieve peak bone mass in adulthood

Osteoporosis
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Osteoporosis or "porous bone" is a disease of the skeletal system characterized by low
bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue. Osteoporosis leads to an increase risk of
bone fractures typically in the wrist, hip, and spine.

While men and women of all ages and ethnicities can develop osteoporosis, some of the
risk factors for osteoporosis include those who are

Female
White/Caucasian
Post menopausal women
Older adults
Small in body size
Eating a diet low in calcium
Physically inactive

Calcium
Calcium is a mineral needed by the body for healthy bones, teeth, and proper function of
the heart, muscles, and nerves. The body cannot produce calcium; therefore, it must be
absorbed through food. Good sources of calcium include

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Dairy productslow fat or nonfat milk, cheese, and yogurt

Dark green leafy vegetablesbok choy and broccoli
Calcium fortified foodsorange juice, cereal, bread, soy beverages, and tofu
products
Nutsalmonds

Recommended amount of calcium vary for individuals. Below is a table of adequate

intakes as outlined by the National Academy of Science.
Recommended Calcium Intakes
Ages

Amount mg/day

Birth6 months

210

6 months1 year

270

13

500

48

800

913

1300

1418

1300

1930

1000

3150

1000

5170

1200

70 or older

1200

Pregnant & Lactating

1000

1418

1300

1950

1000

Source: Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, National Academy of Sciences, 1997
Vitamin D also plays an important role in healthy bone development. Vitamin D helps in
the absorption of calcium (this is why milk is fortified with vitamin D).

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Nutrition for Everyone: Iron Deficiency
Young children are at great risk of iron deficiency because of rapid growth and increased
iron requirements. Iron deficiency can occur due to lack of iron in the diets. If this
continues, anemia results. Anemia is a manifestation of iron deficiency when it is
relatively severe.
It is important to note that not all anemia is due to iron deficiency. The primary causes of
anemia include reduced red blood cell and hemoglobin production, hemolysis of red
blood cells, and loss of blood. Although an inadequate dietary intake of several nutrients
may reduce the production of red blood cells and hemoglobin, the most common cause
of anemia throughout the world is iron deficiency.
Poverty, abuse, and living in a home with poor household conditions also place children
at risk for iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia is seen most commonly in
children six months to three years of age. Those at highest risk are low birth weight
infants after two months of age, breastfed term infants who receive no iron-fortified foods
or supplemental iron after four months of age, and formula fed term infants who are not
consuming iron-fortified formula.
Iron deficiency anemia significantly impairs mental and psychomotor development in
infants and children. Although iron deficiency can be reversed with treatment, the
reversibility of the mental and psychomotor impairment is not yet clearly understood.
Thus, prevention and treatment need to be emphasized more than detection. In addition,
iron deficiency increases a childs susceptibility to lead toxicity. Lead replaces iron in the
absorptive pathway when iron is unavailable.

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