Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Anthony W. Horn
First Edition
2014 CAD Training Technologies, LLC Houston, TX USA
http://www.pipingdesignonline.com
Anthony W. Horn
2014
Trademark Information
The material, applications, and routines presented in this book have been included for
their instructional value. They have been tested for accuracy, but are not guaranteed for
any particular purpose. The author and copyright holders do not offer any representations
or warranties, nor do they accept any liabilities with respect to the material, applications,
or routines. This material in these documents and accompanying videos is solely owned
and copyrighted 2014 by CAD Training Technologies, LLC, Houston, Texas, USA.
Duplication in any manner is strictly prohibited without express written consent.
Trademarks
AutoCAD is registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark office by Autodesk, Inc.
CAESAR II, CADWorx Plant Professional, and Isogen are registered in the U.S.
Patent
and
Trademark
office
by
Intergraph
Corporation.
Intergraph provides the programs, CADWorx P&ID and Plant Professional, as is
and with all fault. Intergraph specifically disclaims any implied warranty of
merchantability or fitness for a particular use. Intergraph Corporation does not warrant
that the operation of the program will be uninterrupted or error free.
Autodesk provides the program, AutoCAD, as is and with all fault. Autodesk
specifically disclaims any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular
use. Autodesk, Inc. does not warrant that the operation of the program will be
uninterrupted or error free.
CADWorx P&ID
Table of Contents
LESSON 1
Video 1
Video 2
Placing Equipment
Video 3
Video 4
Video 5
Video 6
Adding Instruments
Video 7
Video 8
LESSON 2
Video 1
Video 2
Video 3
Video 4
Video 5
Video 6
Video 7
Video 8
Video 9
LESSON 3
Video 1
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6. Also, we can see there are some options for producing Loop
Diagrams built into the system. This feature is basically a way
to label a number of template drawings from a table. You can
use this for instrument loop drawings, electrical diagrams, or
any collection of drawings that are similar, but just have
different labels on them.
7. Click: Start a New Drawing Without a Database.
Click: OK.
8. The system starts up, and now let's take a look at the screen
and the Ribbon. If you run CADWorx P&ID on a larger screen,
the ribbon will display across the top. On a smaller screen,
parts of the ribbon will be fully displayed and other parts will be
compressed.
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12. In this course we'll be using the ribbon across the top. But
some of you who have older versions may not have access to a
ribbon, you can use toolbars.
To access the toolbars click on P&ID pull-down and go to tool
bars and then you can pull any of these tool bars in to your
screen. For instance, if you click on the valves toolbar, you can
open it up, and then you can just move it over and dock it.
13. If you need to, open up all these different tool bars for P&ID.
Then later, if something else is needed, you can probably find it
under P&ID on the Menubar along the top, Accessory (or
Utility). So even if you don't have a ribbon, you'll be able to get
to most of the things that we will cover in the course.
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Click Pre-defined:
Click: ISOA A1
Click: OK.
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20. Now we can see some settings. We can see how large the text
is going to be. These are in millimeters-- the small, medium,
large size. If you're doing this in imperial later, you'll just see
these in inches, eighths of an inch, 3/16, 1/4, the bubble radius.
This'll be for the instrument balloons.
You can also set the size and spec using buttons in this dialog
box. We'll do that later.
22. Click Insert. This will place a user time and date stamp into
the drawing.
Click OK.
We get prompted for attribute values. We'll leave these blank
for now.
Click OK.
We now have our P&ID border in the drawing, and since P&IDs
are schematic drawings, that's always the first step.
So great! Go ahead and get your drawing to here, and we'll
carry on after this.
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2. When you start out with P&ID, make sure you keep Snap
turned on - snap is always on. If you draw with snap turned off,
essentially you just need to redraw it, because everything
drawn should be done using snap. That way you won't have
issues with gaps in lines, and things not connecting properly.
So whether it's in a course like this, or doing real production
work, always draw your P&IDs having snap turned on. Another
thing we need to have turned on in our switch settings is the
grid switch. This helps us space things visually. Have the
Ortho switch turned on as well. This makes it easier to draw
things straight and keep everything lined up.
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3. Typically when you start a P&ID it's usually best to draw the
equipment first. So you start with the vessels and the pumps.
Next it's good to draw the off-page link arrows, and then from
there you can draw all the other things. It's good to get the
large things positioned on the drawing, and then you'll get a
good sense of your layout.
4. You want the drawing to look as clean and simple as you can.
You want to minimize lines crossing other lines and cluttered or
congested areas.
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12. Now we'll put in the pumps that go along the bottom of the
drawing.
Click Equipment.
Click Pump.
The system will display an icon dialogue box showing the
various types of pumps.
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later.)
This will be saved in the folder where we have our P&ID course
files.
Type: PID_01 <Enter>
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Drag it to the right so that it's line up on grid lines like your first
vessel, and
Click.
Press <Enter> to exit the command.
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We have a Type 1.
Here's a type 2.
We also have a Type 3.
So depending on the style that you want, you can use any of
these. For our drawings, we'll just stick with type 1.
5. The first arrow we'll place is a "To" arrow. It's exiting the
drawing.
The dialog box shows it pointing toward the left, and we want it
pointing toward the right, which is not a problem.
Click Link To (type 1).
Click the first point where the tip of the arrow should be
located.
Drag the mouse in the direction where the tail of the arrow
will be located, and
Click.
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In the next video we'll add some process lines to this drawing.
Here's an illustration of the finished drawing, so we can see
what we'll be doing.
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Great, now we've got our lines in here and the next thing we'll
be doing is placing some valves into this drawing.
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2. Now we'll adjust the second line (the line leaving the top of the
first vessel and going over to the second vessel).
Click Modify (from the pull-down menus).
If you don't see the pull down menus you can type: Menubar
<Enter>, then type 1 <Enter>.
Click Stretch.
Click two points to make a crossing window (right to left)
and select the portion of the line you want to stretch.
Press <Enter>.
Click a base point on a grid dot near the line.
Move the mouse so the line is stretched like you want it and
Click (it should enter the second vessel one grid unit down
from the seam).
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4. I'll do this set of valves on the first two pumps, and then I'll
pause the video. Then you can do these valves and reducers
on both sets of pumps. OK, so let me just show you this one
first, and then you'll do it.
5. Now, I'll go back to our current drawing.
Click on Valves (if the panel is not displayed).
Click on the first valve symbol.
The system opens a dialog box showing the valves.
Select the Swing (this is a Swing Check valve).
Later, if we're running with a live database and a spec, we may
want to be using some socket weld or flange type valves.
Since we're not working with a database, this symbol is fine.
Click OK.
Click a point on a grid dot, on the line above the pump
nozzle.
You'll notice the system breaks the line, rotates the valve, and
inserts it into the line. It has some nice automation here. Later,
if the valve gets erased the system will mend the gap in the line
back automatically.
This is another good example of why we want to use snap.
Because if you draw this without snap, and you put the valve
over here, and you're just off a little bit, it won't rotate it and gap
that line for you. So that's another reason why you must draw
P&IDs using Snap.
The next valve we'll put is going to be a gate valve.
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15. Click Major Secondary (from the Process Lines panel of the
ribbon).
Draw the bypass line as shown.
Place a Globe Valve in the bypass line as shown.
Note: A globe valve is used in bypass lines because the flow
can be adjusted (not so with a gate valve).
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10. Double click the first instrument (lowest one) on the vessel.
Type: PI for the Function.
Click OK.
11. Set the function of the second instrument to a TI.
Set the function of the third instrument to a LG (for level
gauge).
12. Erase the instrument line connecting the LG to the vessel.
13. Click Instrument Line (from the Instrument Lines panel on the
ribbon).
Next you'll draw the instrument lines from the LG to the vessel
as shown.
Click on the bottom quadrant of that bubble (we don't have
to use Osnap, it'll snap right to it).
Drag the mouse up to the grid line and Click.
Drag the mouse over to the vessel and Click.
Draw the other part of the bridle on the lower part of the
instrument.
In the next video you'll see about instruments and how they're
represented on P&IDs.
All right! Get your drawing to this point, watch the next video,
and then after that, we'll finish off these control loops.
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2. A control valve is just shown like this in a PFD. The next type
of drawing done after a PFD is a more detailed version. It's
called a Mechanical Flow Diagram, or P&ID (Piping and
Instrument Diagram). So what's drawn first in the PFD gets
more detailed as the design evolves, and it turns into
something more like this. These are not the same process, but
you can see how the drawing has more information in it.
So what started out as a control valve in a PFD became a
control valve with gate valves on either side of it that can isolate
it, and reducers with drains, and a bypass line coming around
it.
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A mechanical flow diagram gets drawn after the PFD. The size
of the lines, the pressures, the service, the temperatures, and
more geometry is shown in one of these diagrams.
There's another kind of diagram called a Utility Flow Diagram.
These diagrams typically have lines along the bottom of the
drawing that show cooling water, instrument air, steam, and
then lines coming up with equipment names on them or line
numbers on them that show how these utilities get used in the
area.
3. When we put instruments on a P&ID, there are four main
categories that we're going to be using. The first one is a
FLOW instrument which is going to tell us how much fluid is
flowing through a line. The second type is a LEVEL
instrument. It might show us how full a vessel or tank is as it
fills up.
Third would be PRESSURE. These instruments can display,
record, or control the pressure inside a vessel or a line. The
same can be said for TEMPERATURE instruments.
4. Instruments also have specific functions that they perform,
along with their categories. For instance, an ALARM might be
a light that goes on and starts blinking on a control panel, or
perhaps a horn sounds. Something is alerting us that there's
something happening that we need to be aware of.
A CONTROLLER would be an instrument that might, for
instance, control the pressure in a vessel - it might vent it off.
An INDICATOR is a gauge. It could be a temperature gauge
or a level gauge. A RECORDER is an instrument that keeps a
record of what's been going on over a period of time, and then
we can go back and review it.
SENSORS are the sensing elements themselves. The
elements that are in the line to measure the temperature or the
pressure. They're shown as E's inside the instrument balloon
when shown on the diagram.
A TRANSDUCER is an instrument that changes one kind of
signal into a different kind of signal. It might have an electrical
signal coming in one side of it that's sending it information, and
it will read that, and out the other side of it will be a compressed
air line, and it will send pulses down that line to open and close
a control valve. So it changes electrical to pneumatic.
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12. When you start out with a circle, that's just a single acting
instrument.
If you take that circle and put a square around it, that means
the instrument is doing more than one thing - it's a shared
instrument.
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panel, it has
a line
through it.
We take it a
step further.
If it has two
lines through
it, that
means that
it's located
somewhere
in what's
called an
auxiliary
location.
It's not
located near
the object it's
monitoring,
and it's not on a control room panel; it's in an auxiliary location.
Finally, if the instrument is not readily accessible, if it's behind
a panel it will be shown on the drawing with a dotted line drawn
through it.
If the instrument is in an auxiliary location and it's not
accessible, it will be shown on the drawing with two dotted lines
through it.
So these are some of the symbols we'll see on P&IDs. These
are all single functioning instruments, but the graphic is telling
us where this is located in the plant.
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So get familiar with these. Later, the more you use them, the
easier this gets.
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2. So let's Zoom into the central area of the drawing, near the
first vertical vessel.
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Press <Enter>.
Select Electric (for the line type) and
Click OK.
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Click OK.
10. Double the next instrument.
Type: LY.
Click OK.
11. Click a Discrete-Local
instrument.
Click a point in the center of the
control valve.
Turn Ortho off.
Click a point to the right of the
valve, on a grid line.
Press <Enter>.
Use Instrument for the line type.
Click OK.
14. Zoom into the upper right area of the drawing. The first part
of this loop we're going to place is the orifice flanges. These are
on a little bit different snap setting. They're half the snap unit
that we've been using.
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So you can see how our symbols are matching what we talked
about earlier in the previous video.
19. Zoom Extents.
Save the drawing.
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9. When finished,
Cross through the lines to highlight their Grips.
Right Click.
Click Properties.
Set the Line type to Phantom.
Close the properties dialog box.
Press the Escape key as needed to turn off the grips.
10. The lines we're added are not part of the vessel Group.
CADWorx uses the Group feature to have equipment graphics
and labels act as a single object.
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Click OK.
A new table has been created called EXCHANGER.
Now, a new column can be added to the EXCHANGER
table.
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Open PID01.dwg.
Click X (in the upper right corner) to close the drawing.
Click Save if prompted.
Now you'll copy this drawing into another project folder. So
this drawing will end up in two locations.
Using Windows Explorer, go to your drawing folder.
Click on (select) PID01.dwg.
Right-click and select Copy.
Double-click on the Project_1 folder.
Right Click, and select Paste.
Now our PID01 drawing is in two places. It's in our main
folder CADWorx_P&ID_Training and it's in this Project_1
folder.
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database.
Now let's see what happens if we check one of our vessels.
Double-click V-1000.
You'll see the Documentation and Nozzle buttons are
active (before they were blank).
Click Additional Data button.
Click Next.
So you can see there is much more data available about the
vessel. We have our attribute data, plus other information
we can fill out for the vessel in the database record. So now
we have a lot of options. We can carry more information,
and later we'll be able to produce reports, and list all types of
information on CADWorx objects from the database.
Click Cancel as needed to exit this set of dialog boxes.
9. Double-click on an instrument.
You can see the Documentation, Addition Data and
Embedded buttons are lit up.
Click Additional Data.
Again, there is a lot of additional data that can be added to
instruments.
Click Cancel as needed to exit this group of dialog boxes.
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The system fills out the TAG value for the group of instruments
we combined. You can see that the number appears in red.
This is to indicate that it was done by the system. We'll change
it to white.
On the Text Panel on the ribbon,
Click Change Attribute Layer.
The system updates the color of the text from red to white.
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Click Additional
Data.
Click Drop Down
Arrow in Service.
Click AG.
Click Drop Down
Arrow in Area.
Click 35.
Click Drop Down
Arrow in Area.
Click 5.
Click Short
Description.
Type in PROCESS
PRESSURE
GAUGE.
Hold down the mouse button, and
Highlight PROCESS PRESSURE GAUGE.
Press Control-C.
Click Long Description.
Press Control-V.
Click Drop Down Arrow in Manufacture.
Click ASHCROFT.
Click Drop Down Arrow in Model.
Click 1259.
Click Drop Down Arrow in Type.
Click PI.
Click Next
Type1/4in Connection Size.
Click OK.
Click Documentation.
Click Add Document.
Go to Project_ 1 (in the C:\CADWorks_P&ID_Training
folder).
Click ASHCROFT PRESSURE GAUGE.pdf.
Click Open.
Click Close.
Click OK.
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This just added all the data to these PI's. So we were able to
do that quickly. Let's view the data.
Double click one of PIs.
Click Documentation (to view the document we attached in
the first PI).
Click Additional Data( To view additional data).
Click OK.
Click OK to exit the dialog boxes.
So using the Match Properties command is a great way to get a
lot of data into the drawing very quickly.
7. We also see on this drawing we have Temperature
Indicators.
A temperature indicator may have a thermal well associated
with it. The thermal well is a metal sleeve that actually
screws down into the vessel and the temperature indicator
screws into it.
Some companies want to have that thermal well in their list of
instruments so they can purchase it and keep track of it, but
they don't want to draw a separate thermal well (TW) symbol
on the P&ID. They just want to carry it in the data but not
show it on the drawing.
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Click Add.
Click Edit.
Type TW in Function.
Click OK as needed to exit
the dialog boxes.
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2. Now we'll set the size and spec. Once this is done we can
use these settings to update the size and spec in a number
of components at once.
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A dialog box appears (you may not see this dialog box - if
so just skip this part), about the location of the
Specification Directory. When we select a spec like we
just did, the specification directory we select must be the
same one that's specified in the Configuration File. We'll
check that now.
Click OK.
Click Edit Config.
The Configuration File dialogue box opens:
Scroll down and click Specification Directory.
Click Browse.
Click Computer.
Click CADWorx 2014.
Click P&ID.
Click SPEC.
Click OK.
Click SAVE. Now the spec folder in our configuration
matches the spec folder we tried earlier. Let's try it again,
now that we've set it in the configuration file.
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Click Specification.
Click Metric_Inch_Specs.prj
Click 150_M (Specification) and Metric/Inch (Unit System)
Click OK
3. The system will now use the 150_M specifications.
Click P&ID.
Click Accessory.
Click Specification.
Click Assign.
Cross through the line that goes from the off-page
link arrow to the vessel V-1000.
Press <Enter>.
We have now assigned the spec to the line. If there were
valves or other in-line components, the spec would have
been assigned to them as well.
4. Click Accessory.
Click Size.
Click Assign Main.
Cross through the line.
Press <Enter>.
Double-click the process line.
We can see the size (8") and spec (150 _M) are showing
in the dialog box.
However, we're not seeing the Tag field is not filling out.
Next we'll turn on the Line Numbering system.
Click OK to exit.
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Now we'll set some values for the Service and Count (the
Size and Spec are filled out by the system when you set
your size and spec).
7. To set values :
Click SERVICE.
In the Default value field,
Highlight SERVICE and delete it.
Click COUNT.
In the Default value field,
Highlight COUNT and delete it.
Click INSULATE
In the Default value field,
Highlight INSULATE and delete it.
Click the System On button.
Click OK.
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Since we're running this with the specs turned on, the
system does not want to use this generic symbol for the
valve. This type of symbol represents a threaded gate
valve, and since we're set to 8", we would need to use a
flanged gate valve, since this is what's in the spec.
Click Cancel.
Click the Valve-Regular Flanged symbol.
Valve Regular Flg dialogue opens.
Click Gate FLg.
Click OK.
Click a point on the process line to put in the gate
valve.
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Click Documentation.
Click Add Document.
Click Crane_CS_Valves.pdf.
Click Open.
C:\CADWorx_P&ID_Traning\Project_1\Crane_CS_Val
ves.pdf is shown in Documentation dialogue.
The information on the valve is attached.
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3. We'll update it again soon, so that the Process Data will show
the line going to both pumps.
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Double-click on a reducer.
In the Spec field,
Type: 150_M.
Click OK.
Repeat this for the other reducer.
Now we'll tag the line again.
12. Double-click the line again.
We can see the specification value is shown now, and the
Tag field is filled out.
Click OK.
The tag on the line refreshes and displays correctly.
13. Use Grips and reposition the size labels as needed.
You could also add some valve tags into the valve data if you
wanted.
14. On the line we just completed we got the data into the line as
needed and tagged it.
Now let's look at how you'll finish this drawing.
15. In this group of instruments I used a Combine Instruments to
get all of them having the same tag (called an instrument loop).
When you double-click one and you fill out the tag value, it
updates the tags in all of them.
This loop used 1000 for the tag.
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Add the line area, unit, count, size, spec, and service data to all
of the lines as needed.
In the top right area of the drawing, the two gate valves were
placed in the drawing before we were using a live database.
The symbols are generic valve symbols, but they won't work
when we're running with a spec.
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All right. Go ahead and get your drawing up to this point, and
also use the following sketches to get things finished to here.
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Click Browse.
A dialog box appears.
Type: TPID_01 in the File name field in the dialog box.
Click Save.
The system returns to the previous dialog box.
Click OK.
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5. Click Setup.
Click Size.
Set the Main size to 8.
We don't have a reducer in this line so that does not need to be
set, or changed if it is already set.
Click OK.
Click Specification.
Select Metric_Inch_Specs.prj.
Click Open.
Select 150_M.
Click OK.
Click OK to exit the dialog boxes.
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The next line you can draw is the line coming out of the
top of the vessel and coming up and out to the right.
This line is an 8" line, its Service is AG. The Spec and Size
are the same as how you're currently set. The only difference
is the Count is going to be 105.
Click Line Number Setup.
In the Count Field set the value to be 105.
Draw the line in the direction of flow, from the top of the
vessel, then up, then over to the off-page link arrow.
Add a Nozzle and a Gate Valve.
When done it will look like this.
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Now get your workbook out and you can turn to the section that
has this drawing information in it and go ahead and complete
the drawing!
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Click Close.
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6. Click Setup.
Set the size to 8".
Set the spec to 150_M.
10. Double-click the process line and verify the line number is
displayed in the tag field.
Click Process Data and verify the line is coming from T1001.
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13. Draw a Major Process line from the tip of the link arrow
over to 35-101.
14. OK. So now let's try something. Let's see if we can't get these
two arrows to talk to each other.
Double-click the link arrow you just drew (in TPID_03).
Click the button labeled Make a Link.
Click Select.
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Click Select.
The system now links TPID_01 to TPID_03.
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16. Double-click the off-page link arrows now. You'll see that
each of them have updated their labels.
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Click Advanced
Uncheck the box under Confirm, next to Action queries.
Click OK.
When the system runs its queries during startup, we won't have
to manually confirm them. They will just get handled
automatically.
4. Click Data Input Forms.
This allows us to review and edit the vessel data, nozzles,
process line data, equipment data, mechanical data, valve
data, and other tables in the database.
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10. Scroll over to the T-1001 label at the top of the drawing.
In viewing the data, we can see the external pressure is blank.
11. Alt-Tab over to the database (Hold down the Alt key and
press the Tab key).
Click Vessel Data.
Scroll to the T-1001 record.
Click External Design Pressure
Type: 5 BARS.
Click Exit.
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Click Exit.
Click Exit.
14. Click the Reports button (lower right corner of the dialog box).
Click Instruments.
This will give us a report showing all the instruments in the
project (called an Instrument Index). We have options to
change the sort order, but for this example we'll take the
default.
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16. So looking at some of these reports, you can see the power of
working with P&ID using a live database. It can give many
benefits for organizing, and working with the large amount of
data in a piping project.
However, it must be used correctly and the work process must
be understood and followed. There are no shortcuts in doing
this right, but the benefits are enormous.
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