fable 1 Avea Under Normal Curve 1 a 02 0 0.01 07 08 0 £0000 00400080 .0120, 0160 019902390279 .9319 1 0398 043804780517 05570596 0636. 0675. 0714 2 0793 083208710910 0948-0987 102610641103 3 sHI79 127125561293 133113681406 14431480 a 15541591 16281664 17001736 177218081844 5 «191561950 .1985 2054 2088 =—.2123 2157-2190 6 225722917 12324 2389 242224542486 2517 7 258026112642 2903. 27342764 27942823 8 288120152939 2995 3023 305130783106 9 3159 3186 3212 326432893315 33403365 10 3413 34383461 3508 35313554. .3577 3599. Ll 36433665 3686 3729 374937703790 3810 12 384938693888 39253944 306239803997 13 4032 “4049-4066 A099 411541314147 4162 14 4192 42074222 4251 426542794292 4306 1S 43320-4345 .4357 4382 439444064418 4429 16 A452 4463 4744844495 450545154525 4535 17 ASS4 A564 45734582 4591-4599 460846164625 18 AO41 464946564004 40714678 408646934699 4713 471947264732, A738 * 474447504756 4761 4772 ATI8._—_—AT83._— A788 ~— 47934798 48034808 48:12 A821 482648304834 483848424846 4850 4854 A861 4864 4868 487148754878 488148844887 23 4893 4896 489849014904 4906490911 4913 24 4918 4920 922, 492549274929 4931-4932, 4U34 4938 4940 494149434945 49464948 49494951 955 495649574959 4960-4961 .4962 4963 4966 4967 4968 496949704971 497249734974 A915 49764977 4977- 4978 49794979 4980-4981 A982 49824083 AVBA AUB HORS 48S 49864986 4988 4989 4990 A988 4980 4989 4990‘Appendix = 427 | Table 2: Critical Values of Student's t-Distribution _ Level of significance for two-tailed test ag. o20 |. oo 005 002 oot ag. i! Level of significance for one-tailed test | 0.10 0.05 0025 001 0.005 1 3.078 6314 12.706 31.821 63.657 1 2 1.886. 2.920 4303 6965. 9.925 2 3 1.638 2.353 3.182 4541, 5.841 3 4 1.533 2.132 2.776 3.747 4.604 4 aS 1.476 2.015 2571 3.365 4.032 5 i 6 1.440 1.943 2447 3.143 3.707 6 1 1.415 1.895 2.365 2.998 3.499 7 | 8 1.397 1.860 2.306 2.896 3.355 8 | 9 1.383 1833 (2.262 2.821 3.250 9 10 1372 1812 2.228 2.764 3.169 10 u 1.363 1.796 2.201 2.718 3.106 u 12 1.356 1.782 2.179 2.681 3.055 12 1B 1.350 1m 2.160 2.650 3.012 13 14 1.345 1.761 2.145 2.624 2.977 14 15 1341, 1.753, 2.731 2.602 2.947 i Saeeeta 16 1337 1.746 2.120 2.583 “2921 16 | 7 1.333 1.740 2.110 2.567 2.898 7 18 1.330 1.734 . 2.101 2.552 2.878 18, i 19 1.328 1.729 2.093 2.539 2.861 19 20 1.325 1,725 2.086 2.528 2.845 20 21 1.323 1.721 2.080 2.518 2.831 2 | 2 1321 1717 2.074 2.508 2.819 2 23 1319 L714. 2.069 2.500 2.807 23 24 1.318 L711 2.064 2.492 2.197 24 \ 25 1316 1.708 2.060 2.485 2.787 25 6 1315 1.706 2.056 2.479 2.779 26 7 1314 1.703 2.052 2.473 2.771 2 | 2B 1313, 1.701 2.048 2.467 2.763 28 } 29 1311 1.699 2.045 2.462 2.756 29 Infinity 1.282 1.645 1.960 2.326 2.576 _ InfinityResearch Methodology | | [28 Table 3: Critical Values ot 3% . —_ = 2 : - = Degrees . Probability under H, that of %* > Chi square jes 9 95 50 10 05> 2 Ol 1 000157 .00393 ASS 2.706 3.841 S412 6.635 2 0201 103 1.386 4.605 5.991 7824 9219 3 “IS 352 2.366 6.251 7815 9887 11.341 4 297 mM 3.357 7.779 9.488 11.668 13.277 5 554 14S 4351 9.236 11.070 13.388 15.086 6 872 1.635 5.348 10.645 12.592 15.033 16.812 7 1.239 2.167 6346 12.017 14,067 16.622 18.475 8 1.646: 2.733 7344 13.362 15.507 18.168 20,090 9 2.088 3.325 8343 (14.684 16.919 19.679 21.666 10 2.558 3.940 9.342 15.987 . 18.307 21.161 23.209 u 3.053 4.575 10.341 17.275 19.675 22.618 24.725 12 3.571 5.226 11340 18.549 21.026 24.054 26.217 13 4.107 5.892 12340 19.812. 22.362 25.472 72.688 4 4.660 6.571 13.339 21.064 23.685 26.873 29.141 15 4.229 7.261 14.339 22.307 24.996 28.259 30.578 16 5.812 7.962 15.338 23.542 26.296 29.633 32.000 17 6.408 8.672 16.338 24.769 27.587 30.995 33-409 18 7.015 9.390 17338 25.989 28.869 32.346 © 34.805 19 7.633 10.117 18.338. 27.204 30.144 33.687 36.191 20 8.260 10.851 19.337 28.412 31.410 35.020 ° 37.566 2 8897 11.591 20.337 29.615 32.671 36.343 38.932 22 9542 12.338. 21.337 30.813, 33,924 37.659 40.289 “3 10.196 13.091 22.337 32.007 35.172 38.968 41.638 24 10.856 ‘13,848 23.337 32.196 36.415 40.270 42.980 25 11.524 14.611 24.337 34.382 37.652 41566 44314 26 12.198 15.379 25.336 35.363 38.885 41.856 45.642 27 12.879 16.151 26.336 36.741 40.113 44.140 46.963 28 13.565 16.928 27.336 37.916 41.337 45.419 48.278 29 14.256 17.708 28.336 39.087 42.557 46.693 49.588 30 14.953 18,493 29.336 40.256 43.773 Fordegrees of freedom greater than 30, the quantity tency = y2x? - (QTAppendix. 429 Table 4(a): Critical Values of F-Distribution (at 5 per cent) % 1 2 3 4 3 6 8 we = % 1 161.4 1995 215.7, 224.6 | 2302 °.234.0 2389. 2439 249.1. 243,3 2 1851 19.00 19.16 1925 1930 1933 1937 ‘19.41 19.45.: 19.50 3 10,13. 955 928 912 901 894 885 (874 864 853 4 7.71 694 659 639 626 616 604 $5.91 5.77 5.63 5 661 5.79 541 “S19 505 495 482 468 453° 4.36 6 599 5.14 476 “453 4.39 4.28 3.84) 3,67 1 559 4,74 435 4:12 3.97 3.87 3413.23 8 532 446 407 3.84 369 3:58 B2 2.93 9 512 426 3.86 | 3.63 3.48. 3.37 290. 2.71 10 496 410 3.71 348 333 3.22 2274: 2.54 u 484 398 359 3.36 3:20. 3.09 2,61" 2.40 12 4.75 388 349 3.26 311 3.00 13 467 3.80 341 3:18 9302 © 2.92 14 460 3.74 3:34 3.11 2.96 © 2.85 15 454° 3,68 «3.29 «3.06 «2.90 2.79 16 449 3.63 3.24 3.01285 2.74 7 445 359 3.20 2.96 281 2.70 . 96. 18 441 355 3.16 293 277 62:66 © 2 215° -192 19 438 352 313-290 2.74 263 248 231° 211! 1,88 20 4353.49 0340-287 2:71 260 7.245 1B. .208-, 1.84 21 432 3.47 307 2.84 2:68. 287 242 42.25 205) ° 1.81 22 430 344 "305 2.82 966 255-24 2.93 “2037 178° 2B 428 3423.03 2.80 264 253 238 19220 0° 201 1.76 24 426-340-301 278-262-251 7236 1 2B S198" 173 25 424 338 «299 276 260 249 234 216. 196 172 26 422 337 298 «2.74 «259 247 © 232 0 BIS 1.95 «1.69 27 421335 296° 2,73 257) 246 231° 243 1.93 167 28 420. 334-295-271 256 2.45 2.29 212° 191° 165 29 418 333-293-270 254 9243, 2.28 (210 1.90 1.64 30 417. 332, 292 2.69 + 253 242 2:27 «1 2.09 189° 1.62 40 son 9323 2.84 2261 Pas. © 284 TNR! ARON? BIBS SE 60 400 6315.92.96 2252, 2 DAT ARIS. BNO LGD, 1.70 go 18D 120 390 307 268 72AS. Ro SAT BO” BS 61» AEST oo 384 3.990) 82:60. {1237 feBaN, eaNO 104: fiat7s: 1.8257 HOO = Degrees of freedom for smaller va = Degrees of freedom for greater variance. lance.oe eT - esearch Melia ee rn 430 sr 5625 5764 5859 5982610635 ; was 50 mee oa 99.25 99.30 99.33 99.37 99.42 99.46 ; serz 3082 29.46 2871 2824 27.91 27.49 2705.26.69 4 3120 1800 1669 1598 1552 15.21 14.80 1437 1393, 5 1626 1327 1206 11.39 1097 10.67 10.29 9.89 g.4y 6 75 1092 9.78 «9.15875 847 BIO. 7.72 7.3 7 1225955 «845785 7467.19 684 GT > 8 1126 865 «759 «7.01 «6.63 6.37 6.03 5.67 5.28 9 1056 802 6.99 642 606 580 S47 "5.11 473 10 10.04 756 655 5.99 564 539 5.06 4.71 433 n 965 721 622 587 532 5.07 474 440 402 2 933 693 5.95 541 5.06 482 450 4.16 378 13 9.07 670 5.74 521 486 462 430 3.96 3.59 14 886 651 556 504 469 446 4.14 380 3.43 1s 868 6.36 5.42 4.89 4.56 4.32 4.00 3.67 3.29 16 853 623 5.29 4.77 4.444.200 3.89 3.5538 7 840 611 5.18 4.67 4344.10 3.79 3.46 3.08 18 829° 601 5.09 458 4.25 4.013.713.3730 19 818 5.93 S01 450 4.17 3.94 363 3.30 3.92 20 B10 585 4.94 4434.10 3.87 3.56 3.23 2.86 21 802 5.78 4874.37 4.04 3.813.513.1780 2 795 5.72, 482-431 «3.99 3.763.450 3,122.75 23 788 5.66 4.76 4.26 3.94 341 3.07 2.70 24 782 5.61 4.72 4,223.90 3.36 3.03 2.66 25 777 S57 4.68 4.18 3.85 3.32 2.99 2.62 26 772-553 4.64 4.14 3.82 3.20 2.96 2.58 2 768 549 4.60 4.11 3.78 3.26 2.93 2.45 545° 4.57 4.07 3,75 3.23 2.90 252 $42 4,54 3.73 3.20 287 249 539° 4.51 3.70 3172.84 247 S18 4.31 3.51 2992.66 022980 498 4.13 334 282 250 212 es 419-395 ~ 348° 317 266 234 1.95 4 ae 460° 3.78 3.32 3.02 2.51 s = n for gre jom for smaller varia