DE BELEN, Janine Angelisa S.

Aug. 6, 2016
SCENCO 203
Patadlas, MA.

Ar.

Position Paper: The Formation of Earth and The Evolution of Life

The ever-fundamental question of all time that no one has been able to answer yet
is how our universe came to be as it is right now. Many scientists, physicists, experts,
and even theologians around the globe have suggested theories and proposals which all
seem plausible and logical. This mystery has long been debated repeatedly and is also
supported by proofs or evidences. Putting aside religion (as it is coming from more on
our psychological/emotional side) since it is only based on belief, my stand on this is that
there is a principal source of literally everything. I believe that there is someone, or
maybe something with greater power and capacity way beyond our comprehension and
grasp that created all of this our universe (as we know it) and beyond its bounds.
Our universe is an ever-expanding one, as seen in NASAs Hubble Space telescope,
which means that the galaxies and other objects and forces are still moving as a result of
the primeval explosion, all from one point of origin. This is what we know as the Big Bang
Theory which suggests that the universe had a singular start, an explosion, where
everything we know the universe, time, space, scientific laws we observe all had a
beginning. According to Stephen Hawking, there is no need for a God to exist to create a
universe since the laws of Physics allow entire universes to form spontaneously out of
nothing. This nothingness is called a quantum vacuum where physical laws rule it
and so particles can be formed for a moment and disappear again. If there are plenty of
events like this, then there is a possibility that at one event, conditions can be conducive
to further expansion that can then create a giant universe out of essentially nothing. But
even if this is true, there is still a need for a creator who is or that is responsible for the
quantum vacuum the place prior to the big bang.
In the solar system, there are clouds of dust in space orbiting the sun. These are
called mineral grains that clump together, and the bigger it gets, the faster it grows,
becomes denser, and its gravitational pull stronger. What happened to Earth 4.567 billion
years ago is more like a constant / never-ending collision between mineral grains until
they formed from small to larger rocks, then into a size of a planet. Its gravitational pull
was so strong that it attracted meteorites and eventually completely melted into a
molten rock due to the incorporation of very hot radioactive elements. Hence the reason
for the minerals of the Earth to sink, creating layers starting from the iron and nickel core
(the densest) to the crust (the lightest). The planets temperature that time was
estimated to be a staggering 2000. However, this was also balanced by the
temperature of the vacuum of space which is a constant -450, approximately 2500
colder than the earth.The surface cant stay molten forever, and so the planet cooled
initially forming a thin crust that would get broken and pressed over perhaps by
meteorites and volcanic eruptions. There was a breakage of the incrustation and from
there it gradually cooled from the outside in.
When the earth was at its primitive stages, it went through a collision course with
another planet and this eventuated to some of its crustal outer mantle rock to be blown
away into space whilst the core was totally unaffected. These rocks still orbited the
earth, attached to one another and in time developed as the moon. Which explains why

the moon has less iron content than the earth, since its entirely made of the earths
crust. This invalidates that the moon developed the same way the earth did.
A million years later, the first continents and oceans began to emerge as a result
of the continuous bombardment of meteorites containing water and amino acids the
building blocks of life. The oldest rocks in the world or banded iron formations and
meteorite samples can prove this. The earths atmosphere 3.5 billion years ago was very
toxic. It contained Sulfur, Sulfuric acid, Methane, and Carbon Dioxide. Stromatolites that
look like weird coral structures were then developed in oceans or shallow waters. These
are made of billions of microbes called Cyanobacteria, which generate oxygen through
photosynthesis. They have the ability to take in sunlight and water and produce oxygen
as a byproduct. Oxygen was very poisonous to some other life forms, since theyre not
used to it. Regardless of this, Stromatolites were still able to materialize excess oxygen,
enough to oxygenate the atmosphere. From hereon, the life forms that we know started
to emerge, such as forests, animals or just nature in general. Decaying plant matter from
forests built up compressed layers and produced coal, oil, and gas deposits. Skeletons of
marine animals that accumulated at the bottom of the shallow seas produced
sedimentary rocks like chalk and limestone. Everything else evolved into what we know
in present time.
In a nutshell, everything started from a vacuum, to small particles igniting a big
bang thatd form the universe. From the big bang came the universe, space, time, matter
and energy that would all develop into galaxies, solar systems, and so forth. From our
solar system, the earth and life as we know it will be formed out of the dust orbiting the
sun. If you have ever wanted to believe in God, but certainly did not want to do so in
contradiction of known scientific facts, science provides you reason to believe that God
exists and powerfully created all things.