FirstFresnelZone

TheFresnelZoneistheellipsoidthatstretchesbetweenthereceivingandtransmittingantennas(Fig1).
TheFirstFresnelZone(FFZ)isthedifferencebetweenthedirectpath(XY)andanindirectpaththat
touchesasinglepointontheedgeoftheFresnelzone(XZY)ishalfthe.

Fig3FirstFresnelZone
Toguaranteeaconsistentcommunicationatleast60%ofFFZhastobeclearofobstructions.However,
morethan80%clearanceisrecommended.Also,forlinksrequiringahighreliabilityisrecommendedto
haveadirectlineofsight(LoS).So,factorslikeatmosphericrefractionandcurvatureoftheeartharenot
considered.
Eventhough,theFFZcanbe60%clearatthetimeofinitialdesignitcouldchangeovertime.Trees,new
buildings,etccangetintopathreducingitssize.Thus,engineersmustplanforcurrentandfutures
changesonthetopologyofthepath.
TocalculateFFZradius(R)atanypointPinbetweentheendpointsofthelinkis:
R FFZ

Rmax

b1 b2

b1 b2

72.05

4f

Rmaxfeet,dmiles,fGHz
Rmax

17.32

4f

Rmaxmeters,dkilometers,fGHz