For KS Diagnosis Specs Limits Shell LubeAnalyst Condemnation Limits Mar 081

Shell
LubeAnalyst
Oil and equipment

condemnation limits
Strictly private and confidential
For internal use only
Shell Lubricants
Index
Page Number
3
Introduction
3-4
Setting oil Analysis Alarms
5-6
Oil Analysis: General Information
7
Rejection standards
8
Off-Highway: Diesel Engines
9
Diesel and Gasoline Engines (Passenger Cars)
10
On-Highway: HD Diesel Engines ACEA E2 / API CG-4 10,000 km
11
On-Highway: HD Diesel Engines ACEA E5 / API CH-4 40,000 km
12
On-Highway: HD Diesel Engines ACEA E7 / API CI-4 60,000 km
13
On-Highway: HD Diesel Engines ACEA E4 / API CI-4 100.000 km
14
Aviation Piston Engines
15
Aviation Diesel Engines
16
Medium Speed Diesel Engines Burning Heavy Fuel Oil
17
Medium Speed Diesel Engines Burning Light Fuel Oil, Marine Diesel or Automotive Diesel
18
Gas Engines
19
On-Highway Heavy Duty Automatic Transmissions
20
On-Highway: Manual and Automated Manual Gearboxes
21
On-Highway: Axles and Differential Gears
22
Off-Highway Power Shift Transmissions
23
Off-Highway Non-Shiftable Gears, with / without Wet Brakes
24
Agri: Tractor Transmissions and Tractor Hydraulic Systems
25
Off-Highway Axles, Final Drives, Reduction Gears and Slew-Drives
26
Mobile Hydraulic Systems, Detergent Type of Oils
27
Mobile Hydraulic Systems, Non-Detergent Type of Oils
28
Mobile Hydraulic Systems, Biodegradable Oils
29
Industrial Gears
30
Steam Turbines
31
Steam Turbines Fire Resistant Control Fluids
32
Gas Turbines, Industrial
33
Gas Turbines, Aero-Derivatives - Land Based
34
Hydraulic: Mineral Oils
35
Hydraulic: Biodegradable Oils
36
Hydraulic: Synthetic Food Grade
37
Hydraulic: Type HFC
38
Hydraulic: Type HFDU
39
Bearing Lubrication - Wire Rod Mill (Morlina T)
40
Bearing Lubrication - Morgoil Bearing ( Morlina / Morlina SD / Vitrea M )
41
Heat Transfer Oils Thermal Oils
42
Electrical Oils: Transformer Oils
43
Piston Gas Compressors
44
Piston Air Compressors
45
Centrifugal Air and Gas Compressors
46
Vane and Screw Compressors - Air and Gas
47
Refrigerating Compressors Refrigerant: CFC, HCFC, HC, CO2
48
Refrigerating Compressors Refrigerant: NH3
49
Refrigerating Compressors Refrigerant: HFC
50
Diesel Fuel
50
Unleaded Gasoline 95
50
Domestic Fuel
51
Coolants for Engines
52
Electro-Erosion Fluids
53
Metal Working Fluids
54
Circulating Oils
55
Seal Oils
56
Table of Changes
-2
This document is strictly confidential & for Internal Shell Use only. It is the basis of the agreement with our Laboratories
for the diagnosis of oil samples.
Introduction
First of all welcome to the new issue of the Shell Lube Analyst Limits Guide, the intension of this book is to provide
you with additional technical information on the limits currently used for Shell Lube Analyst in Europe. These are
formally agreed with our supplier SGS and are used to aid the diagnosis process.
The limits contained within this guidebook are owned and maintained by nominated product category experts within
the relevant Shell line of business, if you require updates or changes to these limits they must be submitted to the
Limits Owner for agreement. This is vital as this document form part of the contracted service agreement between
Shell and our supplier. Changing limits without very careful consideration can have a significant impact for
customers so please contact the owners, the names can be found at the bottom of each page of the book.
Setting Oil Analysis Alarms

1. Absolute alarms
These are alarms based on manufacturers recommendations and/or lubricant supplier technical bulletins. These
alarms generally define working ranges or condemnation limits and are most applicable to lubricant and
contamination condition. Absolute alarm limits matter greatly when warranties on new equipment are at issue.
Failure to comply with the recommendations is often viewed as justification for not honouring warranties. In many
critical applications OEM limits are used in the Lube Analyst Limits Guide
2. Statistical alarms
Manufacturers guidelines for alarm limits or general standards are disadvantaged in that they are based on average
operational and performance situations, which may not accurately reflect the actual conditions of a specific machine.
This is particularly applicable to machine condition. Statistical alarms limits are based on gathering a small sampling
of data from equipment, analysing the distribution of that data, and using this statistical characterization to set
specific alarm limits. Statistical trend analysis allows the identification of the equipment in greatest need of attention,
thus allocating maintenance in an efficient way.
3. Combining absolute and statistical alarms

Effective oil analysis exception management relies on the combination of both types of alarms. The following
illustration is an example of the alarm combination. The condemnation limit is the absolute alarm. Statistical
trending, taking into account variability based on the sampling, contamination, make-up oil etc. will develop the
standard deviations. Departure from this normal variability signals genuine problems occurring. This is the earliest
possible time to take action and head off problems. Failing this, as the trend approaches its warning limit, action
such as changing or cleaning the oil, or inspection of the unit is required.
fig 1: The idealized graph shown is an example of how absolute and trend line alarms are used together. The test
used could be iron content, viscosity or other parameter. The normal result variability range takes into account minor
-3
variations caused by analytical accuracy, sample homogeneity, etc. as the trend approaches the warning limit, some
action must be taken, either cleaning the oil or inspecting the equipment.
Establishing statistical alarms, which provide the earliest possible warning without false alarms is a difficult task.
Factors such as adding or changing oil, filter changes, sampling technique can distort results. However, if the
following foundation steps are employed, a very good oil analysis and lubrication management program will be the
result.
-4
Oil Analysis: General Information

1. Know your equipment.
Many engineers and technicians do not know their equipment from a lubrication viewpoint. Information such as oil
wetted component metallurgy, equipment loading conditions and environment are very important, and contribute a
great deal in solving problems shown up by oil analysis. Equipment maintenance manuals are sometimes useful
sources of information and may even contain the commissioning engineers Oil Analysis Reports for some
equipment.
2. Check equipment specifications

Many manufacturers of equipment have published specifications for lubricants and their maintenance. All
manufacturers of turbine systems and diesel engines have recommended guidelines with absolute limits for
degradation, wear metals and contamination, Caterpillar is a good example their manual contain limits. Many
manufacturers of compressors, turbines and hydraulics have similar notes. These specific limits can be a key input
when registering new equipment in our.
3. Assess your Lubricant

Shell Lube Analyst frequently finds incorrect lubricant types and/or grades in equipment. A common problem
recently is the use of synthetic lubricants, with different baseline properties or top up with incorrect grades. Often
these changes are not notified and can cause alarms or comments on the reports.
4. Fresh oil tests

We have now established a process for new product introductions and fresh oil baseline testing. Jane Paules is the
owner of this process so please notify her of new product introductions or if you see gaps in the fresh oil test data
book. You can send the lab samples of all your new oil, so that a baseline analysis can be performed. This must be
done via Jane and the results will then be added to the Fresh Oil Test Data book and used to enhance the quality of
diagnosis and limit setting in the future. This is part of our agreed contract with SGS and is part of the contracted
service so no addition costs are incurred for us.
5. Sample carefully
Poor sampling can cause distortion of several hundred percent in sample data. Follow established guidelines for
sampling, and sample from the same point each time. Air, oil and filter changes and conditions can result in distorted
alarms. Similarly, not recording or reporting topping up and/or bleed and feed operations have the effect of artificially
changing wear, contamination and additive levels without any real change in equipment or lubricant condition. These
events must be recorded so as to take account of variations to trend lines.
6. Operation time
Statistical trending programs are not always technically valid without including operation time. For example a
standard trend alarm for wear metals and contaminants is to signal an alert when an increase of 10 ppm over a 10
hour period is found in any of the spectrochemical analysis readings. Engine users often do track running
hours/kilometres or miles etc, in order to determine drain intervals, and schedule overhauls. Oil trend data for diesel
engines is generally highly developed, with manufacturers specifying absolute limits and trend alarms. Rotating
machinery users generally do not have tachometers fitted to equipment, and in cases of turbines, hydraulics and
large gearboxes, the oil is present since installation, and the units are running continuously. Time based sampling
the most common and effective method in these cases, especially when performed at regular intervals. Avoid
random sampling, as their predictive value can be suspect. In all cases, record the date when sampling.
7. Establish baseline trends

Taking one sample from a piece of equipment that has had no previous history will not give you information about
the wear trend of the machine, and it is difficult to set alarms at this point. A monthly analysis for three consecutive
months will establish a good wear trend. At this stage, a decision may be made on the sampling frequency of that
equipment (with criticality factored in) based on the data received. This is an example of how the program manages
both the equipment and itself by exception, thereby reducing the effort needed to maintain it by busy personnel.
-5
8. The use of these limits

The diagnose of oil samples requires extensive experience and these limits are by no means intended to replace or
reduce the knowledge that our laboratories diagnosticians apply when providing their diagnosis and
recommendations. Limits are never considered as single line items, which cause a red or amber flag to be made,
they are looked at holistically and in combination with all the results before the final diagnosis is made.
9. Useful conversions and abbreviations

Conversion percentage ICP values to PPM;
100% = 1,000,000 ppm
10% =100,000ppm
1% = 10,000ppm
0.1% = 1,000ppm and so on
Blotter spot info;
IC = Contamination Index (the concentration of combustion residues expressed in %)
MD = Merit of Dispersancy (is the dispersant residual ability of the oil)
M.D. = 100 the dispersion is excellent. The distribution of combustion contaminants on the filter paper is
homogeneous.
M.D. = 0 the dispersion is poor. The combustion contaminants are concentrated in the centre of the spot.
DP = Demerit Points (is the following calculation [D.P. = (100 - M.D.) x I.C.].)
D.P. = 0 (or close) shows very low contamination and excellent dispersancy.
D.P. tending towards 100 or more shows heavy contamination and poor dispersancy.
-6
Rejection Standards
-7
Off-Highway: Diesel Engines

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
12.5
13.7
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 100C
(ASTM D445)
SAE 30
cSt
8.4
9.3
SAE 40
cSt
11.2
12.5
16.3
18.0
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
2000
5000
Flash Point (Pensky

Maertens)
ASTM D93
160
180
TBN (Base Number)
ASTM D2896
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
mg
40% of fresh oil 60% of fresh oil
KOH/g
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
12
24
Iron (Fe)
ppm
60
100
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
Copper (Cu)
ppm
20
40
Lead (Pb)
ppm
20
40
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
20
Sodium (Na)
ppm
20
50
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
25
30% of fresh oil
Calcium (Ca)
Diesel Fuel Dilution
ASTM D3524
4.0
6.0
Glycol Content
ASTM D2982
0.10
0.30
2.00
3.00
65
85
Index of Contamination
(IC)
Blotter Spot Test (In
House Method) Merit of Dispersancy
(MD)
Remarks
Remarks:
These limits apply to the following products:
RIMULA X, -SUPER, R3, R4, R5 after 300 to 500 hrs
Page owner: Hans Wildeboer/Paul Evers

Last update: 18/03/2008
-8
Diesel and Gasoline Engines (Road Transport)

Passenger Cars
Lower limits
Analysis
Viscosity at 100C
(ASTM D445)
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Remarks
8.3~HTHS- that's already below
minimum!
Method
Units
SAE 30
cSt
8.3
9.3
12.5
14.2
SAE 40
cSt
10.1
12.5
16.3
18.7
SAE 50
cSt
13.4
16.3
21.9
24.8
Flash Point (Pensky

Maertens)
ASTM D93
150
180
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
2000
5000
TBN (Base Number)
ASTM D2896
To accommodate low SAPS oils

BUT: The effects of long term
low TBN driving are unknown.
(Limited experience)
(IC)
mg
KOH/g
Diesel Engine:
2.0%
Test does not

work >3%
Test does not work for Gasoline

engines
Blotter Spot Test (In Merit of Dispersancy

House Method)
(MD)
80
Diesel Engine
Merit of Dispersancy
(MD)
80
Gasoline Engine
Spectrometry
Not useful as to many engine

types exist to enable limits to be
set. Diagnostician's experience
required.
ASTM D5185-05
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
Iron (Fe)
ppm
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
Copper (Cu)
ppm
Lead (Pb)
ppm
Molybdenum (Mo)
ppm
Tin (Sn)
ppm
Sodium (Na)
ppm
Silicon (Si)
ppm
Example: 60ppm Fe is end of

ODI for gasoline, 250 ppm is
normal for modern diesel.
ASTM D3524
7.0
RME use is the problem
Gasoline Fuel
Dilution
ASTM D322
7.0
10.0
Glycol Content
ASTM D2982
0.05
0.10
Up to 20% during winter in short

trip driving is possible
Remarks:

-9
On-Highway: HD Diesel Engines ACEA E2 / API CG-4 10,000 km

Lower limits
Units
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Remarks
Analysis
Method
Viscosity at 100C
(ASTM D445)
SAE 30
cSt
9.5
10.5
11.5
12.5
Red Limits: Outside SAE
SAE 40
cSt
12.5
13.5
15.3
16.3
Amber Limits: +/-2
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
2000
5000
Flash Point (Pensky

Maertens)
ASTM D93
160
180
TBN (Total Base

Number)
ASTM D2896
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
mg
KOH/g
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
Iron (Fe)
ppm
20
40
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
Copper (Cu)
ppm
10
Lead (Pb)
ppm
Molybdenum (Mo)
ppm
Tin (Sn)
ppm
Sodium (Na)
ppm
20
50
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
25
ASTM D3524
2.0
4.0
Glycol Content
ASTM D2982
0.10
0.30
1.00
2.00
75
85
(IC)
(MD)
Remarks:
1. The figures given for wear metals are very approximate and based on an oil usage time of 10,000 km.
2. Heavy Duty diesel engines ACEA E2 / API E2
3. ACEA E2 ~ API CF-4
Rimula R3 Turbo, Rimula R2 Extra, Rimula D Extra
Page owner: Paul Evers/ Hans Wildeboer

- 10
On-Highway: HD Diesel Engines ACEA E5 / API CH-4 40,000 km

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Remarks
11.5
12.5

Amber Limits: +/-2
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 100C
(ASTM D445)
SAE 30
cSt
9.5
10.5
SAE 40
cSt
12.5
13.5
15.3
16.3
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
2000
5000
Flash Point (Pensky

Maertens)
ASTM D93
160
180
TBN (Total Base

Number)
ASTM D2896
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
mg
KOH/g
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
14
Iron (Fe)
ppm
30
60
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
Copper (Cu)
ppm
14
24
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
20
Molybdenum (Mo)
ppm
Tin (Sn)
ppm
Sodium (Na)
ppm
20
50
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
25
ASTM D3524
3.0
5.0
Glycol Content
ASTM D2982
0.10
0.30
1.50
3.00
75
85
(IC)
(MD)
Remarks:
2. Heavy Duty diesel engines ACEA E5 ~ API CH-4
3. ACEA E5 ~ API CH-4
Rimula R3 X, Rimula X

- 11

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Remarks
11.5
12.5

Amber Limits: +/-2
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 100C
(ASTM D445)
SAE 30
cSt
9.5
10.5
SAE 40
cSt
12.5
13.5
15.3
16.3
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
2000
5000
Flash Point (Pensky

Maertens)
ASTM D93
160
180
TBN (Total Base

Number)
ASTM D2896
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
mg
KOH/g
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
12
24
Iron (Fe)
ppm
60
100
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
Copper (Cu)
ppm
20
36
Lead (Pb)
ppm
18
30
Molybdenum (Mo)
ppm
10
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
Sodium (Na)
ppm
20
50
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
25
ASTM D3524
4.0
6.0
Glycol Content
ASTM D2982
0.10
0.30
2.00
3.00
75
85
(IC)
(MD)
Remarks:
2. Heavy Duty diesel engines ACEA E7 / API CI-4
3. ACEA E7 ~ API CI-4
Rimula R4 L, Rimula R4, Rimula R5 E, Rimula Super, Rimula Super FE

- 12

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Remarks
11.5
12.5

Amber Limits: +/-2
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 100C
(ASTM D445)
SAE 30
cSt
9.5
10.5
SAE 40
cSt
12.5
13.5
15.3
16.3
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
2000
5000
Flash Point (Pensky

Maertens)
ASTM D93
160
180
TBN (Total Base

Number)
ASTM D2896
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
mg
KOH/g
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
16
32
Iron (Fe)
ppm
80
160
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
16
Copper (Cu)
ppm
30
50
Lead (Pb)
ppm
25
40
Molybdenum (Mo)
ppm
16
Tin (Sn)
ppm
14
Sodium (Na)
ppm
20
50
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
25
ASTM D3524
5.0
7.0
Glycol Content
ASTM D2982
0.10
0.30
2.00
3.00
75
85
(IC)
(MD)
Remarks:
2. Heavy Duty diesel engines ACEA E4 / API CI-4
3. ACEA E4 and E6 are typical European specs for synthetic / long drain oils. Many of them meet API CI-4.
Rimula R6 M, Rimula R6 LM, Rimula R5 M, Rimula Ultra, Rimula Signia

- 13
Aviation Piston Engines

Lower limits
Analysis
Viscosity at 100C
(ASTM D445)
Red
Upper limits
Amber
Amber
Red
Method
Units
SAE 30
cSt
8.3
9.3
12.5
14.2
SAE 40
cSt
10.1
12.5
16.3
18.7
SAE 50
cSt
13.4
16.3
21.9
24.8
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
1000
2000
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Magnesium (Mg)
ppm
10
20
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
25
45
Iron (Fe)
ppm
90
120
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
20
45
Copper (Cu)
ppm
25
50
Lead (Pb)
ppm
3500
5000
Tin (Sn)
ppm
30
60
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
50
Sodium (Na)
ppm
20
50
Nickel (Ni)
ppm
15
30
Silver (Ag)
ppm
30
60
Potassium (K)
ppm
20
50
3.0
10.0
Gasoline Fuel
Dilution
ASTM D 322
Remarks
Remarks:
Page Owner: Mark Wakem

- 14
Aviation Diesel Engines

Lower limits
Analysis
Viscosity at 100C
(ASTM D445)
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Remarks
8.3~HTHS- that's already below
minimum
Method
Units
SAE 30
cSt
8.3
9.3
12.5
14.2
SAE 40
cSt
10.1
12.5
16.3
18.7
SAE 50
cSt
13.4
16.3
21.9
24.8
Flash Point (Pensky

Maertens)
ASTM D93
150
180
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
2000
5000
TBN (Total Base

Number)
ASTM D2896
To accommodate low SAPS oils

BUT: The effects of long term
low TBN driving are unknown.
(Limited experience)
(IC)
(MD)
Spectrometry
mg 30% of fresh oil 50% of fresh oil

value
value
KOH/g
3.00
Test does not

work >3.0
Diesel Engine
80
Diesel Engine
ASTM D5185-05
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
Iron (Fe)
ppm
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
Copper (Cu)
ppm
Lead (Pb)
ppm
Tin (Sn)
ppm
Silicon (Si)
ppm
Sodium (Na)
ppm
Silver (Ag)
ppm
Potassium (K)
ppm
Example 60ppm Fe is end of

ODI for gasoline, 250 ppm is
normal for modern diesel.
ASTM D3524
7.0
RME use is the problem
Gasoline Fuel
Dilution
ASTM D322
7.0
10.0
Glycol Content
ASTM D2982
0.05
0.10
Remarks:
Page owner: Mark Wakem

- 15
Medium Speed Diesel Engines Burning Heavy Fuel Oil

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
110
120
200
220
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
Viscosity at 100C
(ASTM D445)
SAE 30
cSt
9.1
9.7
14.0
14.6
SAE 40
cSt
11.0
11.6
16.8
17.5
Flash Point (Pensky

Maertens)
ASTM D93
170
190
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
2000
3000
Argina XX, XL, X
mg
KOH/g
20
24
Argina T
mg
KOH/g
18
20
BN (Base Number)
(ASTM D2896)
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
20
25
Argina XX
ppm
42
54
Argina XL
ppm
42
54
Argina X
ppm
28
36
Argina T
ppm
20
25
ppm
10
Copper (Cu)
ppm
10
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
Sodium (Na)
ppm
Boron (B)
ppm
10
Silicon (Si)
ppm
25
30
Vanadium (V)
ppm
Nickel (Ni)
ppm
Iron (Fe)
Remarks
Chromium (Cr)
40-80 ppm possible
300 to 400 ppm possible

120 to160 ppm possible
Glycol Content
ASTM D2982
0.03
0.05
Insolubles Npentane
ASTM D893B
1.30
2.00
Insolubles Nheptane
IP316
1.30
2.00
1.30
2.00
(IC)
(MD)
D893B = with coagulant
Remarks:
These limits apply to the following products: Argina T, Argina X, Argina XL, Argina XX
They apply to samples taken after filter (i.e. clean oil at engine inlet)
Page owner: Thijs Schasfoort

- 16
Medium Speed Diesel Engines Burning Light Fuel Oil, Marine Diesel or
Automotive Diesel
Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Remarks
SAE 40
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
110
120
200
220
Viscosity at 100C
ASTM D445
cSt
-20%
-15%
+20%
+25%
Flash Point (Pensky

Maertens)
ASTM D93
170
190
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
2000
3000
BN (Base Number)
ASTM D2896
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
mg
KOH/g
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
10
20
Iron (Fe)
ppm
20
25
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
Copper (Cu)
ppm
10
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
Sodium (Na)
ppm
25
35
Boron (B)
ppm
10
ppm
20
25
Glycol Content
Silicon (Si)
ASTM D2982
0.03
0.05
Insolubles Npentane
ASTM D893B
1.30
2.00
Insolubles Nheptane
IP316
1.30
2.00
1.30
2.00
(IC)
(MD)
Remarks:
These limits apply to the following products: Gadinia, Gadinia AL, Sirius, Sirius X, Argina S
They apply to samples taken after filter (i.e. clean oil at engine inlet)

- 17
Gas Engines
Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 100C
(ASTM D445)
SAE 30
cSt
9.0
9.3
12.5
14.5
SAE 40
cSt
12.0
12.5
16.3
17.5
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
1000
2000
BN (Base Number)
ASTM D2896
mg
KOH/g
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
Oxidation
+2.5
+3.0
ASTM E2412-04
20
25
Nitration
ASTM E2412-04
20
25
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
ppm
10
20
Aluminum (Al)
Iron (Fe)
ppm
20
30
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
Copper (Cu)
ppm
15
25
Lead (Pb)
ppm
20
30
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
Sodium (Na)
ppm
15
20
Boron (B)
Remarks
Amber = SAE grade limits
Trend to be monitored!
ppm
10
Natural Gas, Biogas
ppm
15
20
Natural Gas, Biogas
Silicon (Si) Sewage Gas, Landfill

Gas
ppm
150
200
Sewage Gas, Landfill Gas
0.03
0.05
< 4.0
< 5.0
Glycol Content
ASTM D2982
Options
IpH Jenbacher
Jenbacher
Insolubles Npentane
ASTM D893
0.5
1.0
Insolubles Nheptane
ASTM D6560
0.5
1.0
0.5
1.0
170
190
X
+30%
(IC)
(MD)
Flash Point (Pensky
Maertens)
ASTM D93
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
-20%
-15%
+25%
Chlorine Content
DIN 51 408/2
ppm
1000
Remarks:
These limits apply to the following products: Mysella LA, Mysella MA, Mysella XL

- 18
On-Highway Heavy Duty Automatic Transmissions

Lower limits
Analysis
Method
Units
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Viscosity at 100C
ASTM D445
cSt
-30%
-20%
+20%
+30%
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
500
2000
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
3.00
3.50
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
15
50
Iron (Fe)
ppm
40
100
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
20
Copper (Cu)
ppm
25
50
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
25
Tin (Sn)
ppm
Sodium (Na)
ppm
10
20
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
20
30% of fresh oil
Calcium (Ca)
Remarks
No limit on Donax TZ
Remarks:
1. In applications using Donax TZ pay particular attention to the silicon concentration. The baseline Donax TZ
silicon 25 30 level is ppm, which exceeds the current amber upper limit. The main application for Donax
TZ is in ZF transmissions.
Donax TA / TG / TX / TV / TZ

- 19
On-Highway: Manual and Automated Manual Gearboxes

Lower limits
Analysis
Method
Units
Red
Upper limits
Amber
Amber
Red
Viscosity at 100C
ASTM D445
cSt
-20%
+20%
+30%
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
2000
5000
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
2.50
3.50
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
30%
20%
30%
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
Iron (Fe)
ppm
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
Copper (Cu)
ppm
Lead (Pb)
ppm
Molybdenum (Mo)
ppm
Tin (Sn)
ppm
Sodium (Na)
ppm
Silicon (Si)
ppm
Phosphorus (P)
Remarks
Remarks:
In practice it is hard (if not impossible) to take representative samples from any automotive (manual) transmission
component due to lack of dispersants in these types of oil and the presence of magnets in many transmissioncomponents. Therefore diagnoses based on wear-particles are not feasible: The particles, present in the lubesample, have no relation with the actual wear-rate in the transmission-component.
Spirax G / GX / GSX / MA, Transmission MA / ZFLD

- 20
On-Highway: Axles and Differential Gears

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 100C
ASTM D445
cSt
-30%
-20%
+20%
+30%
Water Content
ASTM D6304
0.5
2.0
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
3.00
3.50
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
30%
20%
30%
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
Iron (Fe)
ppm
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
Copper (Cu)
ppm
Lead (Pb)
ppm
Molybdenum (Mo)
ppm
Tin (Sn)
ppm
Sodium (Na)
ppm
Silicon (Si)
ppm
Phosphorus (P)
Remarks
Remarks:
Spirax A / AX / ASX / MB, Transmission MB

- 21
Off-Highway Power Shift Transmissions

Lower limits
Analysis
Method
Units
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Viscosity at 100C
ASTM D445
cSt
-30%
-20%
+20%
+30%
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
500
2000
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
3.00
3.50
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
ppm
15
50
Aluminum (Al)
Iron (Fe)
ppm
40
100
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
20
Copper (Cu)
ppm
25
50
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
25
Tin (Sn)
ppm
Sodium (Na)
ppm
10
20
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
20
30% of fresh oil
Calcium (Ca)
Remarks
Remarks:

Donax TC / TCS, Rimula X / Super (Multi)

- 22
Off-Highway Non-Shiftable Gears, with / without Wet Brakes

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 100C
ASTM D445
cSt
-30%
-20%
+20%
+30%
Water Content
ASTM D6304
0.5
2.0
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
3.00
3.50
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
50
100
Iron (Fe)
ppm
500
2000
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
Copper (Cu)
ppm
50
100
Lead (Pb)
ppm
30
50
Tin (Sn)
ppm
Sodium (Na)
ppm
Silicon (Si)
ppm
25% of fresh oil
Calcium (Ca)
Remarks
Sometimes very small final

drives with only 2 - 2.5 liter of oil
Semi-open vents
Lower: dilution with other oils;
upper: evaporation losses
Remarks:

Donax TC / TCS / DCF, Donax TD, Rimula X (single grade)

- 23
Agri: Tractor Transmissions and Tractor Hydraulic Systems

Lower limits
Analysis
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Method
Units
Viscosity at 100C
ASTM D445
cSt
-25%
-15%
+10%
+20%
Water Content
ASTM D6304
0.4
1.0
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
2.50
3.50
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
25
50
Iron (Fe)
ppm
40
100
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
20
Copper (Cu)
ppm
25
50
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
25
Tin (Sn)
ppm
Sodium (Na)
ppm
10
20
Silicon (Si)
ppm
30
40
25% of fresh oil
Calcium (Ca)
Remarks
Remarks:

Donax T / TD / TDS / TDQ, Harvella T / TX

- 24
Off-Highway Axles, Final Drives, Reduction Gears and Slew-Drives

Lower limits
Analysis
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
cSt
-30%
-20%
+20%
+30%
0.5
2.0
mg
KOH/g
3.00
3.50
30%
20%
30%
Method
Units
Viscosity at 100C
ASTM D445
Water Content
ASTM D6304
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Aluminum (Al)
Remarks
ppm
Iron (Fe)
ppm
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
Copper (Cu)
ppm
Lead (Pb)
ppm
Molybdenum (Mo)
ppm
Tin (Sn)
ppm
Sodium (Na)
ppm
Silicon (Si)
ppm
Phosphorus (P)
Upper limits
Remarks:
Spirax A / AX / ASX, Omala, Omala RL / HD

- 25
Mobile Hydraulic Systems, Detergent Type of Oils

Lower limits
Analysis
Method
Units
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Viscosity at 100C
ASTM D445
cSt
-15%
-10%
+10%
+15%
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
-20%
-15%
+10%
+15%
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
500
3000
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
0.70
1.20
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
ppm
25
50
Aluminum (Al)
Iron (Fe)
ppm
50
100
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
25
50
Copper (Cu)
ppm
25
50
Lead (Pb)
ppm
25
50
Tin (Sn)
ppm
25
50
Sodium (Na)
ppm
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
30
Remarks
Remarks:

Tellus DO / TD, Donax TC / TCS, Rimula X (Single)

- 26
Mobile Hydraulic Systems, Non-Detergent Type of Oils

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 100C
ASTM D445
cSt
-15%
-10%
+10%
+15%
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
-20%
-15%
+10%
+15%
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
500
3000
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
0.70
1.20
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
ppm
Aluminum (Al)
Iron (Fe)
ppm
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
Copper (Cu)
ppm
Lead (Pb)
ppm
Tin (Sn)
ppm
Sodium (Na)
ppm
Silicon (Si)
ppm
Calcium (Ca)
Remarks
Remarks:
In practice it is hard (if not impossible) to take representative samples from a mobile hydraulic system in which a
non-detergent oil is used and / or where magnets are present. Therefore diagnoses based on wear-particles are not
feasible: The particles, present in the lube-sample, have no relation with the actual wear-rate in the hydraulic
system.
Tellus, Tellus T / TX

- 27
Mobile Hydraulic Systems, Biodegradable Oils

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
-15%
-10%
+10%
+15%
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
1000
5000
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
3.50
5.00
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
25
50
Iron (Fe)
ppm
50
100
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
25
50
Copper (Cu)
ppm
25
50
Lead (Pb)
ppm
25
50
Tin (Sn)
ppm
25
50
Sodium (Na)
ppm
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
30
Remarks
Remarks:
Naturelle HF-X / HF-E

- 28
Industrial Gears
Lower limits
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
Appearance
Visual
Water Content
(ASTM D6304)
TAN (Total Acid

Number) ASTM D664
Spectrometry
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
-20%
-15%
10%
20%
Mineral and PAO:
0.20
2.00
Ester Based Oils:
0.10
0.50
Poly-glycol:
2.00
5.00
Cassida GLE
1.00
2.00
Omala, Omala HD:
mg
KOH/g
1.4
2.2
Tivela, Tivela SD,

mg
Cassida GL/GLE/WG KOH/g
2.0
3.0
Remarks
Should be free of solid particles,

sludge or emulsion, bright and
clear
ASTM D5185-05
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
25
50
Iron (Fe)
ppm
200
250
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
15
75
Copper (Cu)
ppm
25
75
Lead (Pb)
ppm
25
75
Tin (Sn)
ppm
20
40
Silicon (Si)
ppm
50
150
Sodium (Na)
ppm
25
100
Boron (B)
ppm
15
75
Potassium (K)
ppm
15
75
mg/L
100
200
Depending on the aspect of the

sediments on the membrane
Trend analysis
Millipore Solids (5.0

m membrane)
In House
ISU (Wear Severity

Index)
In House
5000
20000
WPI (Wear Particle

Index)
PQ
100
500
Remarks:
Page owner: Joe OConnor

Last update:08/02/2008
- 29
Steam Turbines
Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Remarks
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
-10%
-5%
5%
10%
Flash Point (Pensky

Maertens)
ASTM D93
160
190
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
500
1000
Appearance
Visual

clear
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
+ 0.2 increase
over fresh oil
value
+ 0.5 increase
over fresh oil
value
Tan increase of 0.15 within a

year should give AMBER
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
ppm
10
20
Aluminum (Al)
Iron (Fe)
ppm
10
25
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
15
Copper (Cu)
ppm
10
20
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
Silicon (Si)
ppm
10
15
Sodium (Na)
ppm
15
25
Look for rapid colour changes,
some oil types darken more
quickly
Colour
ASTM D1500
4.0
6.0
ISU (Wear Severity

Index)
In House
100
200
Particle Count
ISO 4406 or SAE AS

4059
ISO 19/17/14
ISO 20/18/15
For control circuits included in

the lube system, read 18/16/13
resp. 19/17/14 or as
recommended by OEM

m membrane)
ISO 4405
30
50
For CC and GT interpretation

should go together with Colour
RPVOT
ASTM D2272
mg/L

or 250 minutes, or 350 minutes,
min
whichever is the whichever is
lowest.
the lowest.
RPVOT values on fresh

products:
X
Turbo T/J : > 950 mins

Turbo GT: > 1000 mins
TURBO CC: > 1200 mins
Demulsibility
ASTM D1401
Steam Separation
IP19
Air Release (IP313)

Foaming (ASTM
D892)
Infrared Differential
40/37/3 after 25
minutes
> 3ml after 30

minutes
600
1200
Grade ISO 32 & 46
min
Grade ISO 68 & 100
min
10
Foam Stability
mL
>5
450
Foam Tendency
See Comment #2
Remarks:
1. When a sample is cloudy, it is necessary to make a remark in the diagnosis.
2. When infrared reports (simple spectrum or infrared differential) have to be attached to the report (ferrography,
Infrared differential), the standard comment IRDO should be added at the end of the diagnosis comment.
3. Attention: machines containing a very large volume of oil. In case of degradation of the oil or machine, it is
preferable to advise the customer to contact Shell Technical Services or a Shell representative instead of
recommending an oil change.
These limits apply to the following products: Turbo T/Turbo J/Turbo CC
Page owner: Ronald Bakker
- 30
Steam Turbines: Fire Resistant Control Fluids

Lower limits
Analysis
Method
Upper limits
Units
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
-15%
-10%
10%
15%
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
1000
1500
Appearance
Visual
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
0.3
0.5
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
10
25
Iron (Fe)
ppm
15
30
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
15
Copper (Cu)
ppm
15
30
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
30
Sodium (Na)
ppm
15
25
Boron (B)
ppm
20
40
Potassium (K)
ppm
20
40
Calcium (Ca)
ppm
10
30
Magnesium (Mg)
ppm
10
30
Remarks

clear

quickly
Colour
ASTM D1500
4.0
5.0
ISU (Wear Severity

Index)
In House
100
200
Particle Count
ISO 4406 or SAE AS

4059
ISO 18/16/13
ISO 19/17/14
Or as recommended by OEM

m membrane)
In House
mg/L
30
50
Interpretation should go together

with Colour, ester fluids have a
high natural dirt solvability,
Millipore levels can rise easily
Air Release
IP313
min
10
Chlorine Content
DIN 51 408/2
ppm
50
100
Mineral Oil Content
IR or TLC
0.5
1.0

Turbo Fluid DR
- 31
Gas Turbines, Industrial

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Remarks
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
-10%
-5%
5%
10%
Flash Point (Pensky

Maertens)
ASTM D93
160
190
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
250
500
Appearance
Visual

clear
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
+ 0.2 increase
over fresh oil
value
+ 0.5 increase
over fresh oil
value
Tan increase of 0.15 within a

year should give AMBER
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
10
20
Iron (Fe)
ppm
10
25
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
15
Copper (Cu)
ppm
10
20
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
Silicon (Si)
ppm
10
15
Sodium (Na)
ppm
15
25
quickly
Colour
ASTM D1500
4.0
8.0
ISU (Wear Severity

Index)
In House
100
200
Particle Count
ISO 4406 or SAE AS

4059
ISO 19/17/14
ISO 20/18/15
For control circuits included in

the lube system, read 18/16/13
resp. 19/17/14 or as
recommended by OEM

m membrane)
In House
30
60
For CC and GT interpretation

should go together with Colour
mg/L
RPVOT values
products:
RPVOT
ASTM D2272
min 25% of fresh oil 35% of fresh oil
on
Turbo T/J : > 950 mins

Turbo GT: > 1000 mins
TURBO CC: > 1200 mins
Demulsibility
ASTM D1401
Steam Separation
IP19
Air Release (IP313)

Foaming (ASTM
D892)
40/37/3 after 25 > 3ml after 30

minutes
minutes
600
1200
Grade ISO 32 & 46
min
Grade ISO 68 & 100
min
10
Foam Stability
mL
>5
450
Foam Tendency
Infrared Differential
See Comment #2
Remarks:
2. When infrared reports (simple spectrum or infrared differential) have to be attached to the report (ferrography,
Infrared differential), the standard comment IRDO should be added at the end of the diagnosis comment.
3. Attention: machines containing a very large volume of oil. In case of degradation of the oil or machine, it is
preferable to advise the customer to contact Shell Technical Services or a Shell representative instead of
recommending an oil change (second sentence of the standard comment TOP).
These limits apply to the following products: Turbo T/Turbo J/Turbo CC/Turbo GT
- 32
fresh
Gas Turbines, Aero-Derivatives - Land Based

Lower limits
Analysis
Method
Units
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Remarks
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
-25%
-10%
10%
25%
Flash Point (Pensky

Maertens)
ASTM D93
160
190
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
200
400
Appearance
Visual

clear
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
+0.8
+1.15
Interpret in combination with

water level
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
10
20
Iron (Fe)
ppm
10
25
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
15
Copper (Cu)
ppm
10
20
Lead (Pb)
ppm
Tin (Sn)
ppm
Silicon (Si)
ppm
10
15
Sodium (Na)
ppm
15
25
Phosphorus (P)
ppm
600
500
Colour
ASTM D1500
5.0
8.0
Particle Count
ISO 4406 or SAE AS

4059
ISO 19/17/14
ISO 20/18/15

m membrane)
In House
mg/L
50
100
Air Release
IP313
min
Foaming (ASTM
D892)
Foam Stability
mL
>5
450
Foam Tendency
Asto 500 fresh oil has 1100 ppm

& Asto 560 fresh oil has 1900
ppm
These limits apply to the following products: ASTO 500 and 560, if used in land based installations only.

- 33
Hydraulic: Mineral Oils

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
(ASTM D445)
HM Type Fluid
cSt
-15%
-10%
+10%
+15%
HV Type Fluid
cSt
-25%
-15%
+15%
+25%
Appearance
Visual
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
500
2000
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
+0.5
+1.0
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
10
20
Iron (Fe)
ppm
15
30
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
Copper (Cu)
ppm
15
30
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
20
20
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
Nickel (Ni)
ppm
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
30
Sodium (Na)
ppm
20
40
Boron (B)
ppm
20
40
Potassium (K)
m membrane)
ppm
20
40
Other Systems
mg/L
100
200
Systems with Servo

and Prop Valves
mg/L
50
100
ISU (Wear Severity

Index)
In House
100
200
Colour
ASTM D1500
5.0
7.0
Particle Count
ISO 4406 or SAE

AS4059
NAS 9 or ISO
17/13
NAS 12 or ISO
21/17
Remarks

clear
Remarks:
Page owner: Ahmet Guvem & Dennis Woodley

- 34
Hydraulic: Biodegradable Oils

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
-15%
-10%
+10%
+15%
ppm
800
1500
mg
KOH/g
+2.5
+3.0
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
10
20
Iron (Fe)
ppm
15
30
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
Copper (Cu)
ppm
15
30
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
20
20
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
Appearance
Visual
Water Content
ASTM D6304
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
Nickel (Ni)
ppm
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
30
Sodium (Na)
ppm
20
40
Boron (B)
ppm
20
40
Potassium (K)
m membrane)
ppm
20
40
Other Systems
mg/L
50
80
Systems with Servo

and Prop Valves
mg/L
25
50
ISU (Wear Severity

Index)
In House
100
200
Colour
ASTM D1500
5.0
7.0
Particle Count
ISO 4406 or SAE

AS4059
NAS 9 or ISO
17/13
NAS 12 or ISO
21/17
Remarks

clear
Remarks:

- 35
Hydraulic: Synthetic Food Grade

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
(ASTM D445)
HM Type Fluid
cSt
-15%
-10%
+10%
+15%
HV Type Fluid
cSt
-25%
-15%
+15%
+25%
Appearance
Visual
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
500
2000
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
+2.0
+3.0
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
ppm
10
20
Aluminum (Al)
Iron (Fe)
ppm
15
30
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
Copper (Cu)
ppm
15
30
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
20
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
20
Nickel (Ni)
ppm
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
30
Sodium (Na)
ppm
20
40
Boron (B)
ppm
20
40
Potassium (K)
ppm
20
40
Other Systems
mg/L
100
200
Systems with Servo

and Prop Valves
mg/L
50
100
In House
100
200
Colour
ASTM D1500
5.0
7.0
Particle Count
ISO 4406 or SAE

AS4059
NAS 9 or ISO
17/13
NAS 12 or ISO
21/17

m membrane)
ISU (Wear Severity
Index)
Remarks

clear
Remarks:
These limits apply to the following products: Cassida HF
Page owner: Steve Slack

- 36
Hydraulic: HFC Type

Lower limits
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
-15%
-10%
+10%
+15%
5.0
7.0
40
43
35
45
pH
Appearance
Visual
Water Content
(ASTM D6304)
France
Other Countries
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
+2.0
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
10
20
Iron (Fe)
ppm
15
30
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
Copper (Cu)
ppm
15
30
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
20
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
20
Nickel (Ni)
ppm
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
30
Sodium (Na)
ppm
20
40
Boron (B)
ppm
20
40
Potassium (K)
ppm
20
40
Other Systems
mg/L
200
400
Systems with Servo

and Prop Valves
mg/L
50
100

m membrane)
Remarks

clear
Remarks:

- 37
Hydraulic: HFDU Type

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
cSt
-15%
-10%
+10%
+15%
140
160
210
240
ppm
800
1500
mg
KOH/g
+2.5
+3.0
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
10
20
Iron (Fe)
ppm
15
30
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
Copper (Cu)
ppm
15
30
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
20
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
20
Nickel (Ni)
ppm
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
Flash Point
ASTM D3828
Flash Point (COC)
ASTM D92
Appearance
Visual
Water Content
ASTM D6304
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
30
Sodium (Na)
ppm
20
40
Boron (B)
ppm
20
40
Potassium (K)
m membrane)
ppm
20
40
Other Systems
mg/L
200
400
Systems with Servo

and Prop Valves
mg/L
50
100
ISU (Wear Severity

Index)
In House
100
200
Particle Count
ISO 4406 or SAE

AS4059
NAS 9 or ISO
17/13
NAS 12 or ISO
21/17
Remarks

clear
Remarks:
Page owner: Ahmet Guvem and Dennis Woodley

- 38
Bearing Lubrication - Wire Rod Mill (Morlina T)

Lower limits
Red
Amber
Upper limits
Amber
Red
-15%
X
-10%
170
X
+10%
X
2000
+15%
X
5000
mg
KOH/g
+0.5 increase
over fresh oil
value
+1.0 increase
over fresh oil
value
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
10
50
10
30
10
20
15
15
10
30
200
30
50
30
30
50
30
20
-50% of fresh
oil value
10
NAS 7
20
NAS 11
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
Flash Point (COC)
Water Content
ASTM D445
ASTM D92
ASTM D6304
cSt
C
ppm
Appearance
Visual
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
Spectrometry
Aluminum (Al)
Iron (Fe)
Chromium (Cr)
Copper (Cu)
Lead (Pb)
Tin (Sn)
Silicon (Si)
Sodium (Na)
Calcium (Ca)
Demulsibility (ASTM
D1401)

clear
ASTM D5185-05
Phosphorus (P)
Zinc (Zn)
Particle Count
Remarks
NAS 1638
ppm
X
X
X
X
VG ISO 100-220
40/37/3 (<25
min)
VG ISO 320-460
40/37/3 (<40
min)
VG ISO 680
40/37/3 (<50
min)
Use the cooling water from the

local steel mill to perform this
test.
Remarks:
2. Use the cooling water from the local steel mill to perform the demulsibility test.
3. Basic analysis includes: Appearance / Viscosity @40C / Water Content / TAN / Demulsibility
* Advanced analysis includes: Appearance/ Viscosity@40C/ Water Content/ TAN/ Demulsibility / Particle Count
* For trouble shooting (viscosity drop) - check Flash Point (COC) to clarify Overheating or light oil contamination;
Flash Point (COC) need > 170C
* If it has foaming complaint, please check Foaming Tendency / Foaming Stability in Sq I / II/ III (ASTM D892)
These limits apply to the following products: Morlina T
Page owner: Jason Cao

- 39
Bearing Lubrication - Morgoil Bearing ( Morlina / Morlina SD / Vitrea M )

Lower limits
Red
Amber
Upper limits
Amber
Red
-20%
X
-15%
170
X
+15%
X
5000
+20%
X
20000
mg
KOH/g
+0.5 increase
over fresh oil
value
+1.0 increase
over fresh oil
value
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
10
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
15
-50% of fresh
oil value
10
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
Flash Point (COC)
Water Content
ASTM D445
ASTM D92
ASTM D6304
cSt
C
ppm
Appearance
Visual
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
Spectrometry
Aluminum (Al)
Iron (Fe)
Chromium (Cr)
Copper (Cu)
Lead (Pb)
Tin (Sn)
Silicon (Si)
Sodium (Na)
Calcium (Ca)

clear
ASTM D5185-05
Phosphorus (P)
Zinc (Zn)
Demulsibility (ASTM
D1401)
Remarks
ppm
20
VG ISO 100-220
40/37/3 (<20
min)
VG ISO 320-460
40/37/3 (<40
min)
VG ISO 680
40/37/3 (<50
min)
Use the cooling water from the

local steel mill to perform this
test.
Remarks:
2. Use the cooling water from the local steel mill to perform the demulsibility test.
3. Basic analysis includes: Appearance / Viscosity @40C / Water Content / TAN / Demulsibility
* For trouble shooting (viscosity drop) - check Flash Point (COC) to clarify overheating or light oil contamination;
Flash Point (COC) need > 170C
These limits apply to the following products: Morlina / Morlina SD / Vitrea M

- 40
Heat Transfer Oils Thermal Oils

Lower limits
Analysis
Viscosity at 40C
Flash Point (Pensky

Maertens)
Method
ASTM D445
DIN 51758
Units
cSt
Red
-50%
80
Upper limits
Amber
-25%
100
Amber
+25%
Red
Remarks
+50%
Viscosity can decrease because

of the presence of low boiling
substance and or mixing with
other oil. Viscosity can increase
because of the presence of high
boiling substance and or mixing
with other oil
The system would be subject to

the pressure vessel code for a
flash point below 55C. By the
way, it seems that the vessel
code isn't actual any more by
the end of 2007 for heat transfer
oil. The FP limits would be
100C today.
150
300
Water is dangerous because of

vapour formation,
corrosion/oxidation and
cavitation in the pump

clear
mg
KOH/g
+0.5 increase
over fresh oil
value
In House
mg/L
60
150
Depending on the appearance

of the sediments on the
membrane
Asphaltene Content
DIN 51588
%m
0.25
0.50
The risk of deposits in the

system will be increased up to
0.25%
Conradson Carbon
Residue
DIN 51551
%m
0.50
1.00
Gives information about the risk

of deposits of carbon and
distillation residues
Unsoluble
Bituminous
Residues Content
DIN 51588
%m
0.35
0.70
The risk of deposits in the

system will be increased up to
0.35%
DIN 51592
low boiling
%m
%
X
X
X
X
0.5
1.5
1.0
3.0
Water Content
ASTM D6304
Appearance
Visual
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664

m membrane)
Solids Residue
Distillation (ASTM
D2887)
ppm
low boiling
high boiling
A rapid TAN increase indicates

+1.0 increase
the presence of air in the
over fresh oil
system. Normal increases is an
value
indication of oxidation.
>5% of fresh oil >10% of fresh

IBP
oil IBP
>15% of fresh
oil DP
>30% of fresh
oil DP
Mineral Oil (3% max at 325C)

Alkylbenzol base fluids (Shell
Thermal S)
Alkylbenzol base fluids (Shell
Thermal S)
Remarks:
1. The boiling point limits are higher for the Di-alkylbenzol based products because of the better solubility of the
high boiling substances,
Page owner: Daniel Heche
- 41
Electrical Oils: Transformer Oils

Lower limits
Analysis
Method
Appearance
Visual
Viscosity at 40 C
Water Content
TAN (Total Acid
Number)
Units
Red
Amber
Upper limits
Amber
Red
Remarks
Bright, clear, Bright, clear,

and free of and free of
solid
solid
particles
particles
Rank
xxx
ISO 3104
mm/s
-10%
-5%
IEC 60814
mg/Kg
0.1/0.3
0.1/0.30
-15%
-10%
IEC 62021-1, mgKOH/g

2
Flash Point (Closed

ASTM D3828
Cup)
5%
10%
0.001/0.0025 0.001/0.0025
xxx
See comment 3
xxx
Colour
ISO 2049
1.5
2.0
xxx
Dielectric Strength
IEC 60247
KV
30/50
40/50
xxx
PCB Content
IEC 61619
ppm
local limits
local limits
0.03/0.5
0.03/0.5
xxx
mN/m
<22
<28
xx
17/14
>18/15
Power Factor
IEC 60156
Interfacial Tension
ASTM D971
Particle Count
IEC 60970
Pour Point
ISO 3016
+9
+15
Inhibitor Content
IEC 60666
40
60
xxx
Density
ISO 3675
Kg/m
+10%
+5%
-5%
-10%
Corrosive Sulphur
DIN 51535 +
IEC 62535
Visual
positive
positive
x
x =least important
xxx =most important
Remarks:
1. As regards the PCB content, Please refer to the legal requirements for each country (can usually easily be found
on the internet).
Samples not inline with the standards given in the relevant IEC specifications 60422 should be rejected.
2. Tests on dissolved gases should be agreed with customers, interpretation should be agreed with customers
3. Any sampling shall be made by using air tight glass bottles. If not in place air tight metal cans can be used
instead. Only virgin containers shall be used.
Diala A/AX/D/DX/G/GX/S/B/BX/M/MX
Page owner: Bernd Lohmeyer

- 42
Piston Gas Compressors

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Remarks
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
-15%
-10%
10%
20%
mg
KOH/g
+0.7
+1.0
mg
KOH/g
+0.4
>0.00
0.30
Dependent on the oil, gas and

type of compressor
TAN (Total Acid

Number) (ASTM
D664)
SAN (Strong Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
TBN (Total Base

Number)
ASTM D2896
mg
KOH/g
Appearance
Visual
Water Content
Spectrometry
Aluminum (Al)
Iron (Fe)
Chromium (Cr)
Molybdenum (Mo)
Copper (Cu)
Lead (Pb)
Tin (Sn)
Silicon (Si)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Shell Vitrea

clear
ppm
1000
1500
Excludes PAG based products
ppm
3000
4000
PAG based products such as

Madrela T and GP
500
Dependent on the gas. 50ppm

for sour gases. When the gas is
sensible to hydrolysis (Freon,
HCl). Then the max. water
content is set up at 500 ppm (or
0.05%).
ASTM D6304
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
10
100
10
15
20
20
10
15
20
20
15
150
15
20
30
50
20
20
40
40
ASTM D5185-05
Insolubles nheptane
ASTM D 893 A (rev)
0.10
0.20

m membrane)
In House
mg/L
50
100
ISU (Wear Severity

Index)
In House
900
1500
Conductivity
ASTM D6560
50
75
ps/m
Remarks:
1. Typical water content for fresh PAG based products such as Madrela T and GP can be 2000 ppm..
Vitrea/Morlina//Corena P/Corena AP
- 43
Piston Air Compressors

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
cSt
-20%
-10%
10%
20%
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
+0.6
+1.0
TBN (Total Base

Number)
ASTM D2896
mg
KOH/g
Appearance
Visual
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
Water Content
Spectrometry
Aluminum (Al)
Iron (Fe)
Chromium (Cr)
Molybdenum (Mo)
Copper (Cu)
Lead (Pb)
Tin (Sn)
Silicon (Si)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
ASTM D6304
ASTM D5185-05
ppm
500
1000
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
10
50
10
10
20
10
10
15
20
20
15
100
15
20
40
30
20
20
40
40
0.10
0.20
900
1500
50
100
Insolubles nheptane
ASTM D 893 A (rev)
ISU (Wear Severity

Index)
In House

m membrane)
In House
mg/L
Oxidation by FTIR
ASTM E 2412
A/0.1mm
Remarks

clear
Remarks:
Vitrea/Corena P/Corena AP

- 44
Centrifugal Air and Gas Compressors

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40 C
ASTM D445
cSt
-15%
-10%
5%
10%
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
0.30 above
lowest value
0.50 above
lowest value
TBN (Total Base

Number)
ASTM D2896
mg
KOH/g
Appearance
Visual
ppm
500
1000
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
10
15
Iron (Fe)
ppm
10
15
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
15
Copper (Cu)
ppm
10
15
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
15
Water Content
ASTM D6304
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Remarks
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
15
Silicon (Si)
ppm
10
15
Sodium (Na)
ppm
20
40
Potassium (K)
ppm
20
40
100
250
ISU (Wear Severity

Index)
In House

m membrane)
In House
mg/L
250
500
Conductivity
ASTM D6560
ps/m
50
75
Chlorine Content
DIN 51 408/2
ppm
300
600

clear
Remarks:
Turbo T/ Turbo GT

- 45
Vane and Screw Compressors for Air and Gas

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
-20%
-10%
+10%
+25%
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
+0.6
+1.2
TBN (Total Base

Number)
ASTM D2896
mg
KOH/g
Appearance
Visual
Water Content
ASTM D6304
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Remarks

clear
ppm
500
1000
Excludes PAG based products
ppm
3000
4000
PAG based products such as

Madrela GS
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
10
25
Iron (Fe)
ppm
20
35
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
15
Molybdenum (Mo)
ppm
15
20
Copper (Cu)
ppm
20
35
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
20
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
20
Silicon (Si)
ppm
15
20
Sodium (Na)
ppm
20
40
Potassium (K)
ppm
20
40
0.10
0.20
100
250
50
100
Insolubles nheptane
ASTM D 893 A (rev)
ISU (Wear Severity

Index)
In House

m membrane)
In House
mg/L
Remarks:
1. Typical water content for fresh PAG based products such as Madrela GS can be 2000 ppm.
Corena D/Corena S/Corena AS

- 46
Refrigerating Compressors: Refrigerant: CFC, HCFC, HC, CO2

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
after degassing
ASTM D445
cSt
-20%
-10%
+20%
+60%
mg
KOH/g
0.10
0.20
mg
KOH/g
>0.00
0.30
ppm
20
50
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
10
20
Iron (Fe)
ppm
30
60
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
20
Copper (Cu)
ppm
10
20
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
20
TAN (Total Acid

Number) ASTM D664
SAN (Strong Acid
Number) after
degassing
ASTM D664
Appearance
Visual
Water Content
ASTM D6304
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
20
Silicon (Si)
ppm
25
50
Sodium (Na)
ppm
20
50
ppm
20
50
Colour
Potassium (K)
ASTM D1500
4.0
6.0
ISU (Wear Severity

Index)
Screw Compressor
100
250
Piston Compressor
900
1500

m membrane)
In House
mg/L
50
100
Chlorine Content
DIN 51 408/2
ppm
300
600
Remarks

clear
Remarks:
2. The indicated chlorine content can be adapted, depending on the water content. If water is present, the limit of
acceptance for the chlorine content will be lower, because of the risk of reaction with the copper.
3. Freon is very soluble in mineral oils. This causes a significant drop in viscosity, which can be severe in certain
cases.
Clavus, Clavus G, Clavus AB, Clavus SD, Clavus SP
Page owner: Peter Smith

- 47
Refrigerating Compressors: Refrigerant: NH3

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
cSt
-20%
-10%
+20%
+60%
NH3 (Clavus SG)
mg
KOH/g
0.10
0.25
NH3 (Clavus SG)
NH3
mg
KOH/g
0.10
0.20
NH3
TBN (Total Base

Number) after
degassing
ASTM D2896
mg
KOH/g
0.15
0.30
SAN (Strong Acid

Number) after
degassing
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
>0.00
0.30
Appearance
Visual

clear
Water Content
(ASTM D6304)
NH3
ppm
200
400
NH3
NH3 (Clavus SG)
ppm
500
1000
NH3 (Clavus SG)
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
ppm
10
20
NH3
ppm
30
60
NH3
NH3 (Clavus SG)
ppm
20
40
NH3 (Clavus SG)
ppm
10
20
Copper (Cu)
ppm
10
20
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
20
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
20
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
after degassing
ASTM D445
TAN (Total Acid

Number) ASTM D664
Aluminum (Al)
Iron (Fe)
Chromium (Cr)
Silicon (Si)
ppm
25
50
Sodium (Na)
ppm
20
50
Potassium (K)
ppm
20
50
Colour
ASTM D1500
6.0
8.0
ISU (Wear Severity

Index)
Screw Compressor
100
250
Piston Compressor
900
1500
mg/L
50
100
ppm
10
40

m membrane)
In House
NH3 Content
Remarks
Remarks:
2. NH3 being very soluble in water, it reacts with the copper and some of the oil additives. Therefore it is preferable
to use mineral oils.
.
Clavus SG, Clavus, Clavus AB, Clavus SP
- 48
Refrigerating compressors: Refrigerant: HFC

Lower limits
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
after degassing
ASTM D445
cSt
-20%
-10%
+20%
+60%
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
0.10
0.20
TBN (Total Base

Number)
ASTM D2896
mg
KOH/g
0.06
0.15
SAN (Strong Acid

Number) after
degassing
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
>0.00
0.30
Appearance
Visual
50
100
All Others
ppm
Carrier
ppm
Aluminum (Al)
ppm
10
20
Iron (Fe)
ppm
20
40
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
20
Copper (Cu)
ppm
10
20
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
20
Water Content
(ASTM D6304)
Spectrometry
300

clear
Note: Carrier allows max 300
ppm
ASTM D5185-05
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
20
Silicon (Si)
ppm
25
50
Sodium (Na)
ppm
20
50
ppm
20
50
Colour
Potassium (K)
ASTM D1500
2.0
3.0
ISU (Wear Severity

Index)
Screw Compressor
100
250
Piston Compressor
900
1500
50
100

m membrane)
Remarks
In House
mg/L
Remarks:
1. NH3 being very soluble in water, it reacts with the copper and some of the oil additives. Therefore it is preferable
to use mineral oils.
3. Freon is very soluble in mineral oils. This causes a significant drop in viscosity, which can be severe in certain
cases.
5. In case of high water level (red) one may consider a remark to change the filter drier first
Clavus R
- 49
Diesel Fuel
Lower limits
Units
Red
Upper limits
Amber
Amber
Red
Analysis
Method
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
2.0
4.5
Density @ 15C
IP 189/190
kg/m
820
860
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
200
Cetane Index
(Measured)
ASTM D613
51
Cetane Index
(Calculated)
ASTM D976
46

m membrane)
In House
mg/L
24
Sulfur Content
ASTM D 5185
ppm
50
460 m at 60C
Lubricating Property
Remarks
Remarks:
As regards the distillation of diesel oil, the initial point should be around 160-170 C and the final point should be
around 375 C. Distillation can be used to determine if the diesel oil is contaminated with another product.
Unleaded Gasoline 95
Lower limits
Analysis
Method
Units
Density @ 15C
IP 189/190
kg/m
Octane Index
(Research)
ASTM D2699
Lead (Pb)
ASTM D5185-05
ppm
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
720
775
95
Remarks
Remarks:
As regards the distillation of a gasoline sample, the initial point should be around 30C and the final point should be
around 175 C.
Domestic Fuel
Lower limits
Analysis
Method
Units
Density @ 15C
IP 189/190
kg/m
Cetane Index
Sulfur Content
ASTM D 5185
ppm
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
830
870
40
2000
Remarks
Depending on grade: 350, 50 or

10 ppm
Remarks:
1. Domestic fuel contains two tracers: furfural and diphenylamine.
2. Domestic fuel has a red colour.

- 50
Coolants for Engines

Lower limits
Analysis
Method
Units
pH
Upper limits
Red
Amber
7.5
Amber
Red
Remarks
pH: approx. 7.8 with 50 % of

water pH: approx. 8.5 with 66 %
of water
Water Content
40
50
75
Remaining Alkalinity
35
50
Density @ 15C
kg/m
1049
1085
Remarks:

- 51
Electro-Erosion Fluids
Lower limits
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
-2
-1
+2
+3
Fresh oil: 2.4 to 3.7 cSt

clear
mg
KOH/g
0.08
0.25
0.40
ASTM D93
-15%
-10%
In House
mg/L
100
200
Appearance
Visual
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
Flash Point (Pensky

Maertens)
m membrane)
Remarks
Remarks:
Macron EDM 110/Macron EDM 130
Page owner: David Sleep

Last update: 11/08//05
- 52
Metal Working Fluids

Lower limits
Analysis
Method
Units
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
-15%
-10%
+10%
+15%
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
2000
10000
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
0.50
1.00
Appearance
Visual

m membrane)
In House
100
200
mg/L
Remarks

clear
Remarks:
Page owner: Diego Curti

- 53
Circulating Oils
Lower limits
Red
Amber
Upper limits
Amber
Red
-20%
X
-15%
X
+15%
500
+20%
2000
mg
KOH/g
+0.5 increase
over fresh oil
value
+1.0 increase
over fresh oil
value
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
10
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
20
Analysis
Method
Units
Viscosity at 40C
Water Content
ASTM D445
ASTM D6304
cSt
ppm
Appearance
Visual
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
Spectrometry
Aluminum (Al)
Iron (Fe)
Chromium (Cr)
Copper (Cu)
Lead (Pb)
Tin (Sn)
Silicon (Si)
Sodium (Na)
Calcium (Ca)
Remarks

clear
ASTM D5185-05
Phosphorus (P)
-50% of fresh
oil value
Zinc (Zn)
-50% of fresh
oil value
Delima
Zinc (Zn)
ppm
10
20
Delima S / Morlina / Vitrea Zinc

free product
Remarks:
2. As for Delima S / Morlina / Vitrea Zn- free product, Zn (Amber 10 ppm, Red - 20 ppm)
3. Vitrea is pure base oil.
Basic Test : Appearance / Viscosity @40C / Water Content /

Delima / Delima S / Morlina / Vitrea

- 54
Seal Oils
Lower limits
Analysis
Method
Units
Upper limits
Red
Amber
Amber
Red
Viscosity at 100C
ASTM D445
cSt
-20%
-10%
+10%
+20%
Viscosity at 40C
ASTM D445
cSt
-20%
-10%
+10%
+20%
Flash Point
ASTM D3828
160
190
Water Content
ASTM D6304
ppm
30
75
TAN (Total Acid

Number)
ASTM D664
mg
KOH/g
0.40
0.60
Appearance
Visual
Colour
ASTM D1500
5.0
7.0
Spectrometry
ASTM D5185-05
ppm
10
Aluminum (Al)
Iron (Fe)
ppm
10
30
Chromium (Cr)
ppm
10
30
Copper (Cu)
ppm
10
30
Lead (Pb)
ppm
10
30
Tin (Sn)
ppm
10
30
Silicon (Si)
ppm
10
30
Sodium (Na)
ppm
10
30
Boron (B)
ppm
10
30
Potassium (K)
ppm
10
30
mg/L
200
500
200
500

m membrane)
In House
ISU (Wear Severity

Index)
In House
Remarks

clear
Remarks:
Shell R 3360/R 3327
Page owner: Joe OConnor

- 55
Date
Person
Making
Change
Person
Recommending
Change
Item Changed / Reason for Change
16/11/07
Jane Paules
Hans Wildeboer
07/04/08
Jane Paules
Multiple
19/6/08
Jane Paules
11/11/08
Jane Paules
Dennis
Woodley/Jason Cao
Hans Wildeboer
19/1109
Jane Paules
Ronald Bakker
Automotive Transmission (Automatic) remark 1 added for Donax TZ baseline silicon

level of 25 30 ppm.
Major review of all profiles. See separate Excel spreadsheet for details of all
changes.
Change water level for Morgoil Bearings from an upper red of 1% to 2% as per the
Morgan OEM recommendation.
Added amber iron and copper limits to manual On-Highway Manual Gearboxes, OnHighway Axles and Differentials, and Off-Highway Axles Final Drives Reduction
Gears Slew Drives
Piston Gas Compressors and Vane and Screw Compressors- water limits of upper
amber 3000 ppm & upper red 4000 ppm added for PAG based products such as
Madrela T, GP, GS.
- 56

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Shell

Oil and equipment

Setting Oil Analysis Alarms

3. Combining absolute and statistical alarms

Oil Analysis: General Information

2. Check equipment specifications

3. Assess your Lubricant

4. Fresh oil tests

7. Establish baseline trends

8. The use of these limits

9. Useful conversions and abbreviations

Off-Highway: Diesel Engines

Flash Point (Pensky

TBN (Base Number)

30% of fresh oil

20% of fresh oil 30% of fresh oil

Diesel Fuel Dilution

Page owner: Hans Wildeboer/Paul Evers

Diesel and Gasoline Engines (Road Transport)

Flash Point (Pensky

TBN (Base Number)

To accommodate low SAPS oils

Test does not

Test does not work for Gasoline

Blotter Spot Test (In Merit of Dispersancy

Not useful as to many engine

Example: 60ppm Fe is end of

Diesel Fuel Dilution

RME use is the problem

Up to 20% during winter in short

Page owner: Hans Wildeboer/Paul Evers

On-Highway: HD Diesel Engines ACEA E2 / API CG-4 10,000 km

Red Limits: Outside SAE

Amber Limits: +/-2

Flash Point (Pensky

TBN (Total Base

Diesel Fuel Dilution

Page owner: Paul Evers/ Hans Wildeboer

On-Highway: HD Diesel Engines ACEA E5 / API CH-4 40,000 km

Red Limits: Outside SAE

Flash Point (Pensky

TBN (Total Base

Diesel Fuel Dilution

Page owner: Paul Evers/ Hans Wildeboer

On-Highway: HD Diesel Engines ACEA E7 / API CI-4 60,000 km

Red Limits: Outside SAE

Flash Point (Pensky

TBN (Total Base

Diesel Fuel Dilution

Page owner: Paul Evers/ Hans Wildeboer

On-Highway: HD Diesel Engines ACEA E4 / API CI-4 100,000 km

Red Limits: Outside SAE

Flash Point (Pensky

TBN (Total Base

Diesel Fuel Dilution

Page owner: Paul Evers/ Hans Wildeboer

Aviation Piston Engines

Page Owner: Mark Wakem

Aviation Diesel Engines

Flash Point (Pensky

TBN (Total Base

To accommodate low SAPS oils

mg 30% of fresh oil 50% of fresh oil

Test does not