*
+

 2010/1/18

     


& %$#$ " 


' *+ , :

. 7) :(

' /++  ' 01$+ Ra  4 56 Rn& $ .

)1(
(1 $6 ;+ 9  /++' A . Z
226
(2;  ? 1> = * ' /+  ' 88 Ra 1) . MeV(
226
88

(3

 >'> AB  Ra

A
Z

226
88

. t1/ 2 = 1620ans :

 (1-3
 >'> AB $D6 *  ;+G H%$
: 0#

ln 2

= 1) . t1 / 2(

6 (2-3 
 I 6' 0M N> L '# 0
 $ .; ?
# %> N+ 
1) .5D(

226. mo = 0,1g N+#+

t = 0 L4 0M M+ (4
*6 > P# 88 Ra
(1-4; 
' " t ' >6 *675 /++ 6 >$1) .U'%(
' (2-4 ' >' No
V 0M '> >$1) . t = o L4#(
(3-4; > D '> >$# a o 0 $&X1) . t = 0 L4#(
' : 01$ M N A = 6,02.10 23 mol 1

m( ) = 4,0015u m( 222 Rn) = 221,9703u m( 226

88 Ra ) = 225,9772u

2
. M = 226 g / mol : 226
. 1u = 931,5MeV / c #+G
 9 88 Ra :
......................................................................................................................................................................................
 *
+  6) : 0(

239&  $> D 4+ Z ' P % . ZA Pu

' >+% 93 Np
(1 $6 ;+ 9 '46 /++ ?
A 0+ 1) . Z(
(2; MeV : ? 1
4+ \ 9 1) ./++(
(3

# #+

$D
'> ]%+ m = mo .e .t : t L4#^ /%?$

mo Z Ln mo = .t #+

'> $D
m

1) . t = o L4#(

' Ln". *6

mo
01$ (4
> P>4
m

(1-4
(2-4

'  %6 1) . +(


_+>+,>'># AB Np

239
93

1) .(

mo
' (3-4  t1 L4# NM `%B 0+ #+ >$
]%+
100
. 1u = 931,5MeV / c 2 m( ) = 0,00055u m( Pu ) = 239,00063u m( Np ) = 239,07668u : 01$
................................................................................................................................................................................
 
G 7) :(

= 1) . m(

]6 b#46 #e d

4 0U 6">% C 6 H 5 COOH c" c = 5.10 3 mol / L H ? #\ 1, 
 P# IB4>M #e>=+
L
 S = 1cm 2 01$ . G = 2,03.10 4 S  + L = 1cm9  
. = G. #e
S
(1 $6 ;+  I +9 ' 0M9 
#4 0,5) .(
' (2 ?
 #e6
#4 1) .(

( 0,5) .#4
 9 0M V
=4 x f 56 H 3O

( 0,5) .I +' ]' V
,( 3

] [ C H COO ] "

i  0+? $ i ( 4

( 0,5) .#4
# . j #$" + ' #4
 #e6 %$ i
( 2) .#4
 9 0M #\'+
 U 
G .' "
(1) .I + 9N 0U N>]' + % ;
(1) .I + 9  $
 
]+ + ^ ;

(5
(6
(7
(8

. (C 6 H 5 COO ) = 3,23.10 3 S .m 2 .mol 1 ( H 3O + ) = 3,5.10 2 S .m 2 .mol 1 : 01$

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- V
............................................................................................................................................................................
226
A
4
Z = 86 A = 222
(1)
(1
88 Ra
Z Rn +
2 He
............................................................................................................................................................................
: /++ 9 ? > = * 1(2
2
E = m.c

............................................................................................................................................................................
ln 2
:H%$ . U'%> $  AB /+> >6" 
' 0 $D6 >'AB>(
 1-3
(3
. t1 / 2 =

............................................................................................................................................................................
. s 1 :'# 0
 $ L> 0M N' 0 $&X D> + ^ : (2-3
............................................................................................................................................................................
ln 2
=
= 4,28.10 4 an 1 = 1,356.10 11 s 1 (3-3
t1 / 2
............................................................................................................................................................................
.>$* 6 100 75 = 25 NM P]%+ 0+= 
' U'%> $* 675 /++ 6 t ' >6"( 
' 1-4 (4
ln 0,25. = . .t '
0,25. = .e .t '
0,25.No = No.e .t '   N = No.e .t : n>6
ln 0,25
ln 0,25
ln 2
.t1 / 2 =
( 1,02.1011 s : )
t' =
1620 = 3240ans
ln 0,25. = .
.t ' :
ln 2
ln 2
t1 / 2
........................................................................................................................................................................
(1) . t = o L4#> >' $ 0M V
 No ( ' >'2-4
m
N o = o .N A 2,66.10 20
M
............................................................................................................................................................................
a o = .N o = 3,6.10 9 Bq . t = 0 L4#> >' $# a o 0 $&X D>( 3-4
*********************************************************************************************
239
A
o
Z = 94 A = 239

+
(1 0 
* +
93 Np
Z Pu
1 e
............................................................................................................................................................................
E = m.c 2
: /++ 9 \ 4+
 ? 1(2
2
E = [m( Pu ) + m(e) m( Np )].c

... = [239,00063 + 0,00055 239,07668]u.c 2

= 0,07555 931,5
= 70,37 MeV
............................................................................................................................................................................
m
m
m
ln o = .t

ln
= .t

= e .t
m = mo .e .t (3
mo
mo
mo
............................................................................................................................................................................
= 0,28 jours 1 (1-4 (5

............................................................................................................................................................................
ln 2
t1 / 2 =
= 2,47 jours
(2-4

............................................................................................................................................................................
m
. m = o ]%+
> $ #+ NM `%B 0+ t1 L4#( 3-4 (4-4
100

ln 100 = .t1

1
= e .t1
100

t1 =

ln 100

mo
= mo .e .t1
100

16,45 jours

*********************************************************************************************
: Ie 4 I +  $6 (1 : 
 G
+
C 6 H 5 COOH + H 2 O C 6 H 5 COO + H 3O
............................................................................................................................................................................
L
10 2 m
= G. = 2,03.10 4 S . 4 2 = 2,03.10 2 S .m 1
. #4
 #e6 (2
S
10 m
(3

+

C 6 H 5 COOH + H 2 O -------------> C 6 H 5 COO
+
H 3O
mol

  





no

0
0
 
no-x

x
x
 
no-xf

xf
xf
 
..........................................................................................................................................................................
xf
H 3O + = C 6 H 5 COO =
(4
V
............................................................................................................................................................................
xf
= ((C H COO ) + ( H O + ) ).
(5
6 5
3
V
........................................................................................................................................................................

] [

........................................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................................
: + + ^ (8

+
3 2
C H COO . H 3O
(0,53.10 )
K= 6 5
=
= 6,28.10 5
3
[C 6 H 5 COOH ]
4,47.10
20 / 20 :
$
' 46 : 9
#+ n# IB 9 0M 1] P#
19,75 / 20 :
'
46 9
#+ n#
^
19,25 / 20 : %V '
46 19,5 / 20 : 0>>
' 46
^
19 / 20 : G& P>6
^
18,75 / 20 : 0%9* ,   P1B6
^

][

Sbiro Abdelkrim Lyce Agricole Oulad-Taima rgion D'Agadir Royaume du Maroc

sbiabdou@yahoo.fr

 " !   #$ "'   & $#( )