ENVIRONMENTAL

GLOSSARY
PHRASES FOR THE
ENGINEERING: is the set of
CONSERVATION
OF
scientific
and
technological
knowledge
for innovation, invention,
THE ENVIRONMENT

development and improvement of

techniques and tools to meet the
If we work hard, we can
needs of companies and society.

save the environment.

ENVIRONMENT:
setthe
of natural and
If you pollute
social, related and interdependent
environment,
elements,
in a given you
placeare
and time,
that hurting
directly yourself.
influence all living
beings.
If they cut the trees down,

it will pollute the

ENVIRONMENTAL
AUDIT:
methodology
used to evaluate and
environment.
document
degree
of
If i throwthe
trash on
the
environmental damage caused by
creatingOR
the ground,
operationi will
of abeCOMPANY
INDUSTRY
.
pollution.
If we waste water, pollution

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT:
will to
increase.
action
qualify and quantify
environmental situations, including
their causes and their effects.

RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN THE
ENVIRONMENT AND
PETROLEUM
ENGINEERING

POLLUTION: presence of exogenous

substances in natural systems,
agroecosystems
or
human
ecosystems, which cause alterations
in its structure and functioning.
Depending on the environment
affected, the contamination may be
atmospheric, aquatic or soil.
PRESERVATION: maintenance in its
original state, of an animal or plant
species, groups of species, or a
natural resource (eg air, soil or
water).
PETROLEUM: is a mixture of
organic
compounds,
mainly
hydrocarbon insoluble in water. It is
also known as crude or simply crude
oil.

Alvaro
Chirinos C.I.22.479.383

OIL AND THE

ENVIRONMENT
Oil has the problem of being
insoluble in water and therefore
difficult to clean. In general, oil
spills profoundly affect the fauna
and life of the place, which is why
the global oil industry must comply
with strict rules and procedures on
environmental protection.

EFFECTS
ON
ENVIRONMENT

THE

EFFECTS ON THE GROUND:

there is a large area of land that is
degraded, this is due to the
weeding and smoothing of the
ground and the movement and
operation of heavy equipment. On
the other hand the spills of oil and
the waste produce an alteration of
the original substrate in which
plant
species
are
implanted,
leaving soils unusable for years.
EFFECTS ON WATER: in surface
waters, the discharge of oil or other
waste causes a decrease in the
oxygen content, a contribution of
solids and of organic and inorganic
substances.
EFFECTS ON AIR: the gas uptake
is determined by the gas / oil ratio,
if this value is high, the gas is
captured and if it is low, it is vented
and / or burned.
EFFECTS
ON
FLORA
AND
FAUNA: oil spills profoundly affect
the fauna and life of the place,
which is why the oil industry must
meet strict standards.

MEASURES TO AVOID
DAMAGES TO THE
ENVIRONMENT

The companies that operate in the

petroleum sector develop their
activity with special attention to the
conservation of the environment. In
addition
to
complying
with
international
and
national
regulations,
the
oil
companies
themselves
In order to protect the environment
in response to the demands of the
market, which calls for increasing
quality in products with maximum
respect for environmental conditions.
In this sense, there is an advanced
development of technologies for the
reduction of co2 emissions in order
to reduce the greenhouse effect,
which produces a warming of the
atmosphere. On the other hand, fuel
dispensers (gasoline or diesel) have
been introduced at service stations,
which are aimed at recovering the
vapors that are released when
refueling, thereby minimizing the
emission
of
gases
into
the
atmosphere.
The oil and petroleum products
industry places special emphasis on
compliance
with
standards
on
product specifications, emissions to
the atmosphere and control of liquid
discharges
at
production
sites
(refineries), storage and sale to the
public.

ENVIRONMENTAL
CONTROLS IN THE OIL
INDUSTRY
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL IN
THE ACTIVITIES OF REFINERIES:
the law imposes a pollution control in
such a way that companies must
establish mechanisms to prevent
both soil, air, water, etc.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL IN
EXPLORATORY
ACTIVITIES:
exploratory activities in soil are
planned well in advance to cause the
least possible environmental impact
in terms of deforestation, erosion and
alteration of water quality.
ENVIRONMENTAL WELL DRILLING
CONTROLS: for ground drilling,
deforestation has been reduced to a
minimum and drilling fluids are
adequately treated to separate solids
from water.

GOVERNMENTAL AND
GLOBAL
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSERVATION POLICIES
KYOTO PROTOCOL: the kyoto
protocol on climate change is an
international agreement aimed at
reducing the emissions of six gases
that cause global warming.
MONTREAL
PROTOCOL:
AN
INTERNATIONAL agreement is to
reduce the use of gases that deplete
the ozone layer.