Electrohydraulic with

PLC Training Manual

FIRST EDITION
ENGR. LOUIE C. JUERA
1
Pushbuttons and Switches

Introduction
Input devices such as pushbuttons and limit switches are very important in
electrical systems because these components control the operation of the loads
such as lamps, relays, solenoids, etc.

Make Contact Break Contact Change-over

Contact

Objectives
At the end of this activity the trainees should be able to,

Differentiate make, break and changer-over contacts

Discuss the operation of pushbuttons and switches
Check the condition using multimeter

Tools and equipment

1. Electrohydraulic or Electropneumatic trainer
2. Multimeter
3. Phillips screwdriver

Procedures
1. In the panel board, find the terminal block where pushbuttons (PB) are
connected.
2. Set the multimeter to resistance reading.
3. At normal state, measure the resistance of PB1, PB2, PB3 and PB4. Tabulate the
result on the table provided.
4. Change the setting of the multimeter to continuity.
 5. At the normal state, check the condition of PB1, PB2, PB3 and PB4. Tabulate the
result.
6. Press each button and repeat steps 2 5.
7. Find the terminal block where limit switches are connected.
8. Find the common terminal, normally-open (NO) and normally-close (NC)
terminals of LS1 and LS2 using multimeter, check for the condition and tabulate
the result.

Condition
Resistance
Component Continuity (Good or
Reading (Ohms)
Defective)
Normal Pressed Normal Pressed
state state state state
1. Pushbutton 1
2. Pushbutton 2
3. Pushbutton 3
4. Pushbutton 4
5. Common - NC
6. Common - NO

Guide Questions
1. Based on resistance reading, classify PB1, PB2, PB3, PB4, LS1 and LS2 as make,
break and change-over switch.

2. You are asked to test a normally-open start button. You used resistance reading
to test the normal and pressed state. Normal and pressed states gives
approximately zero (0) ohms. What is the condition of the component?

3. Without looking the labels of a limit switch, discuss how will you find Common
(C), Normally-close (NC) and Normally-open (NO) terminals
2
Series Circuits

Introduction
On electrical systems, switches and loads can be connected on series, parallel or both.
Series is the most basic connection to analyse. In this chapter we will study series
circuits electrical characteristics.
Electrical current (I) is the same through the loads. Total voltage is divided according to
the electrical resistance a component has. The total resistance in a series circuit is just
the additive of all the resistance in the system.

Objectives
At the end of this activity the trainees should be able to,

Discuss the characteristics of series circuit

Identify advantages and disadvantages of series circuit
Discuss the operation of switches and loads connected on series

Tools and equipment

1. Electrohydraulic or Electropneumatic trainer
2. Multimeter
3. Phillips screwdriver
4. Wire connectors

Procedures
1. In the panel board,
2. Set the multimeter to resistance reading.
3. At normal state, measure the resistance of PB1, PB2, PB3 and PB4. Tabulate the
result on the table provided.
4. Change the setting of the multimeter to continuity.
5. At the normal state, check the condition of PB1, PB2, PB3 and PB4. Tabulate the
result.
6. Press each button and repeat steps 2 5.
7. Find the terminal block where limit switches are connected.
8. Find the common terminal, normally-open (NO) and normally-close (NC)
terminals of LS1 and LS2 using multimeter, check for the condition and tabulate
the result.

Condition
Resistance
Component Continuity (Good or
Reading (Ohms)
Defective)
 Normal Pressed Normal Pressed
state state state state
7. Pushbutton 1
8. Pushbutton 2
9. Pushbutton 3
10.Pushbutton 4
11.Common - NC
12.Common - NO

Guide Questions
4. Based on resistance reading, classify PB1, PB2, PB3, PB4, LS1 and LS2 as make,
break and change-over switch.

5. You are asked to test a normally-open start button. You used resistance reading
to test the normal and pressed state. Normal and pressed states gives
approximately zero (0) ohms. What is the condition of the component?

6. Without looking the labels of a limit switch, discuss how will you find Common
(C), Normally-close (NC) and Normally-open (NO) terminals