Cornell Notes Topic/Objective: Name: Daniel Solis

Cell membrane Class/Period: period 4

Date: 1.29.17
Essential Question: How and why do substances move across the cell membrane?

Questions: Notes:

Cells:
How are cells made? (L1) During the 1600s, microscopes began to be used.
` All cells have genetic materials.
All cells are the basic unit of life.
Cells are made from prehistoric cells.
When can you tell
the difference Prokaryotic cells:
between cells and Living things with no nucleus.
prokaryotic cells?
(L2) Robert Hooke

If you were a Robert Hooke described pieces of cork and stated that
scientist, how they looked like cells.
would you find new
ways to discover
things about cells? Cell membrane: The cell membrane supports and protects the cell.
(L4)

When can a cell

membrane go
through a situation
in which it protects
the cell? (L2)
Lipid Bi-layer:
The lipid-bilayer is a double sheet of phospholipids that makes up
the cell membrane.
If you were a
scientist, how can The lipid bi-layer provides a flexible structure that forms a strong
you determine barrier between the cell and its surrounding.
where would you
find a Lipid bi-
layer? (L3)
Summary:

Questions: Notes:

Types of Transport:
How can you
determine what Active Transport:
type of transport is If a molecule is going through active transport it is going from an area of low to high
happening in a concentration.
diagram? (L2)
Ex: Using energy to go up a stream of water.
If you were a Passive Transport:
scientist, what If a molecule is going through passive transport, then it is going from an area of high
would be a to low concentration.
situation of when a
molecule would go Ex: sitting back in a innertube going with the flow of water.
through these
types of
transports? (L3)

Hypertonic, Hypotonic, and Isotonic:

Hypertonic: when water leaves a cell membrane

Hypotonic: when too much water enters a cell membrane and will
lead to the cell membrane bursting

Isotonic: when a solute and solvent are the same amount inside
Summarize how and out of the cell membrane.
you can tell
whether there is a
hypertonic,
hypotonic, or
isotonic solution.
(L3)

From the image:

As you can see from the image, a hypertonic solution can cause
the cell to exit out of the cell. This means that the cell will shrivel
up.
An isotonic solution can cause the cell to stay the same. As
shown in the image, there is an event amount of water going into
and out of the cell. This means that the cell will stay the same
because there is no difference that is happening.
As sown in the image above, a hypotonic solution can cause the
cell to swell up. This will then lead the cell to pop or burst.

Diffusion:
Diffusion is the movement of particles through the cell membrane.

Concentration Gradient:
A path way the molecules diffuse down.

Osmosis:
Movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area
of lower concentration,

Facilitated diffusion:
Facilitated diffusion is movement of molecules but only certain
molecules can pass through the cell membrane.

Endocytosis and exocytosis:

Endocytosis:
a process in which a small patch of plasma membrane encloses
particles or tiny volumes of fluid that are at or near the cell
surface. The membrane enclosure then sinks into the cytoplasm
and pinches off from the membrane.

Phagocytosis:
When the vesicle contains solid material.

Pinocytosis:
When the vesicle contains fluid.

Exocytosis:
Endocytosis is the opposite of endocytosis where it starts inside
 and the molecules leave the membrane.

THESE ARE TYPES OF ACTIVE TRANSPORT!

Summary: I learned that molecules move across the cell membrane because molecules move from areas of high to
low concentration. Some molecules even move from areas of low to high concentration. There are two types of
transports. The two types of transports are active and passive transports. Active transport requires energy. Active
transport requires energy because it moves from an area of low to high concentration. An example is swimming up
a stream. This means that you must fight through the water flow to go up it, and you need energy to move. Passive
transport does not require energy because there is movement from an area of high to low concentration. Suppose
that you are going down a stream of water. This means the you can sit back and flow with the water going
downhill. As you can see, this does NOT require energy to move. Another reason why substances move through
the cell membrane is because there is protein pumps. Protein pumps allows water molecules to go throughout the
cell.