Abstract

Now a days automated systems are taking over manual system. Home Automation
system using IoT is a system that uses laptops or smart phones to control the basic home functions and
features using internet from anywhere around the world. It is used to save the electricity and human
energy. Home automation is the automatic control and monitoring of household appliances and
residential house features like TV, fans, lights, doors, gate and even the windows. Events can be
programmed to be triggered under specific conditions (such as depending on the sensors data), and this
can be used in reducing the total energy consumed by some appliances. On the other hand, the system
can suggest smart task scheduling. In simple installations, domotics may be as straightforward as
turning on the lights when a person enters the room. In advanced installations, rooms can sense not only
the presence of a person inside but know who that person is and perhaps set appropriate lighting,
temperature, taking into account the day of the week, the time of day, and other factors.
 INTRODUCTION

Homes of the 21st century will become more and more selfcontrolled and
automated due to the comfort it provides, especially when employed in a private home. The Home
Automation concept has existed for many years. The terms Smart Home, Intelligent Home
followed and has been used to introduce the concept of networking appliances and devices in the house.
Home automation Systems (HAS) represents a great research opportunity in creating new fields in
engineering, and Computing. . A home automation system is a means that allow users to control electric
appliances of varying kind. HASs includes centralized control of lighting, appliances, security locks of
gates and doors and other systems, to provide improved comfort, energy efficiency and security system.
HASs becoming popular nowadays and enter quickly in this emerging market. However, end users,
especially the disabled and elderly due to their complexity and cost, do not always accept these systems.
Many existing, well-established home automation systems are based on wired communication. This
does not pose a problem until the system is planned well in advance and installed during the physical
construction of the building. But for already existing buildings the implementation cost goes very high.
In contrast, Wireless systems can be of great help for automation systems. With the advancement of
wireless technologies such as Zigbee, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, cloud networks in the recent past, wireless
systems are used every day and everywhere. In recent years, wireless systems have become more and
more common in home networking. Also in home and building automation systems, the use of wireless
technologies gives several advantages that could not be achieved using a wired network only. First and
foremost, installation costs are significantly reduced since no cabling is necessary. Wired solutions
require cabling, where material as well as the professional laying of cables (e.g. into walls) is
expensive. Wireless nodes can be mounted almost anywhere. In adjacent or remote places, where
cabling may not be feasible at all, e.g., a garden house or the patio, connection to the home network is
accomplished instantly by simply mounting nodes inthe area. Deploying a wireless network is
especially advantageous when, due to new or changed requirements, extension of the network is
necessary. In contrast to wired installations, additional nodes do not require additional cabling which
makes extension rather trivial. : As mentioned before, placement of wireless nodes is easy. Apart from
covering a larger area, this attribute helps to full aesthetical requirements as well. Examples include
representative buildings with all-glass architecture and historical buildings where design or
conservatory reasons do not allow laying of cables. With wireless networks, associating mobile devices
such as PDAs and Smartphones with the automation system becomes possible everywhere and at any
time, as a device's exact physical location is no longer crucial for a connection (as long as the device is
in reach of the network).
 BLOCK DIAGRAM AND DESCRIPTION

In the system uses Intel Galileo that employs the integration of cloud
networking, wireless communication, to provide the user with remote control of
various lights, fans, and appliances within their home and storing the data in the cloud.
The system will automatically change on the basis of sensors data. The designed
system not only monitors the sensor data, like temperature, gas, light, motion sensors,
but also actuates a process according to the requirement, for example switching on the
light when it gets dark

The system mainly and simply involves the following three components:
1. Local hardware,

2. Web server, and 3. Mobile smart device.

1.The local hardware includes Raspberry Pi and Arduino and the local network
devices to connect household appliances. Raspberry Pi acts as a master and the
arduinos are act as slaves. The server connects the system with the local hardware and
the mobile smart devices.

2.The last component is the mobile smart device running Android operating system,
such as smart phone or tablet, on which the Android application software of the
system is installed to make the mobile customers contact with and manage the in home
devices via the server. The Android application on the mobile smart device also
provides its userswith a user friendly and non-complex graphical interface to easily
control the automated machines at home.

In the system mainly divided into the server, timing control terminal, GPRS
communication terminal and cell phone control terminal. The server is mainly
responsible for the management of home appliances. Timing control terminal is
mainly responsible for internal home appliance's timing switch. The main task of
GPRS communication terminal is remote control of home appliance. Mobile control
terminal's task is home appliances real-time controlling and getting current state of
home appliance.the system allows multiple users to control the appliances by an
Android app or through a web site. The system has three hardware components: a
local device to transfer signals to home appliances, a web server to store customer
records and support services to the other components, and a mobile smart device
running Android application. Distributed cloud platforms and services of Google are
used to support messaging between the components.With wireless networks,
associating mobile devices such as PDAs and Smartphones with the automation
system becomes possible everywhere and at any time, as a device's exact physical
location is no longer crucial for a connection (as long as the device is in reach of the
network).

Operating Modes of Smart Home

Manual Mode: In manual mode the user has access to the status of the device. The
user can turn ON or OFF the device depending on the status of the device by using
android app or by using the manual switch.

Dimming Mode: It is available for the lights and fans. In this mode, using android app
user can change the intensity of the light or speed of the fan. The chosen intensity will
remain as it is until the device is switched by the other activities such as set in auto
mode or turned ON or OFF.

Auto Mode: This mode is available only for the lights and fans. For lights LDR sensor
is used and for fans LM35 (Temperature) sensor is used. Once the user set the device
in auto mode, then depending on the sensors data the devices will change their status
automatically. Scheduling Mode: In this mode the user can set the timings for the
individual devices to turn ON or OFF. Once the user set the specific time for the
device to turn ON, the device will automatically turned ON at that time.

PROJECT DETAILs

System Working
The proposed system is a distributed home automation system, consists of
server, hardware interface modules. Server controls hardware interface module, and
can be easily configured to handle more hardware interface module. The hardware
interface module in turn controls its alarms and actuators. System can be accessed
from the mobile handheld device connected to the internetWiFi technology is selected
to be the network infrastructure that connects server and hardware interface modules.
WiFi is chosen to improve system security (by using secure WiFiconnection), and to
increase system mobility and scalability. Even if, user intends to add new hardware
interface modules out of the coverage of central access point, repeaters or managed
wireless LAN will perfectly solve that problem. The main functions of the server is to
manage, control, and monitor distrusted system components, that enables hardware
interface modules to execute their assigned tasks (through actuators), and to report
server with triggered events (from sensors). In setup mode, user can add and remove
hardware interface modules, and can create basic macros involving simple triggers and
to customize the macros to perform complex series of events. Macros can be activated
manually or as a reaction for certain trigger like motion sensors and surveillance
cameras. User can also program macros to activate at random; this feature allows your
system to turn the lights on and off at random or semi-random intervals. In running
mode, if hardware interface modules report server with received events and execute
their pre-programmed macros. Hardware interface modules are directly connected to
sensors and actuator through direct wires connections. Hardware interface modules
has the capabilities to control energy management systems like lighting, thermostats
and HVAC (heating, ventilation, and cooling) systems, and security systems (door
locks, cameras, motion detectors, fire alarms)..
 ADVANTAGES

Secures Home Through Automated Door Locks

Adds Safety Through Appliance and Lighting Control

Increases Awareness Through Security Cameras

Increases Convenience Through Temperature

Adjustment

Saves Time
 Saves Contributes to Economy

Money and Increases Convenience

Increases Peace of Mind

Allows You Control When Out of Town

Keeps Tabs On Your Children

FUTURE SCOPE

Smart Home

you could automate stuff in home to make faster decision, communicate

instantly, monitor the stuff which is most important - you can be more
effective automating non-value added activities and spend more time where
you want to focus (this is more of my personal productive advice when it
comes to automating things). Home automation has a great potential for
consumers market. Startups and Big companies joining together to take a leap
forward

Smart Farm

Country like India, we loose lot of money due to lack predictive systems in
agriculture fields (excluding natural distastes). In todays environment we also
lack the employees engagement for agriculture fields. IoT has a great potential
for smart farming - no mater where you located but you can still control things
on field

Smart Transportation

Already companies like Uber, OLA implemented a great connected platform,

even IoT can be extended to our own transportation systems like cars,
motorcycle and bikes etc - every usecase will have a different stories. Think
about you want to travel in a bus from your home town and your mobile phone
alerts you the exactly time you should get our of your home.

Smart City

I dont want to write about it this topic and there is a enough articles in place to
learn more about. Keeping city connected will help in many ways and make
people more productive.

Smart Industry - it applies to all industry that exists today, you can think of
a new use-case everyday to jump in Internet of Things world. Its quite
common for every industry.

Ive also answered different questions related to IoT and you can refer them
also follow IoT Geeks to learn more about Internet of Things. You will get
some pespetive for sure.
CONCLUTION
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smart business process, smart agriculture, domestic and home automation and healthcare. Search engine
giant Google has already taken initiatives to mark its presence in the field of IoT. It is trying to
transform the IoT by putting their enthral concept of making the physical URL as
future of IoT instead of apps which we commonly use. In this process, the browser will display a
beacon style broadcast in which the nearby object will appear which will be present in
the near proximity and can be communicated directly with the help of URLs according to the
preference of users and signal strength of the smart object. On the other hand IBM and
Libelium has launched 6LoWPAN development platform for IoT which will enable every single sensor
and devices to connect directly to the Internet using the new IPv6 protocols.
China and many European countries are investing high amount of their GDP in making smart
architectural infrastructure for e.g. Smart Roads and Bridges for the safety
of people. In this smart bridges if corrosion or if any malfunction happens it will communicate directly
so that repair work can be done at the proper time. Smart agriculture is also in research, Waspmote has
taken this initiative for optimum productivity using the sensor networks to maintain
monitoring capacity of crop cultivation throughout the production cycle. For example, depending on
soil humidity Waspmote can send a message (through the ZigBee network or by SMS) to automatically
switch off watering or to change water supply, thus contributing towards efficient water
management.
 REFERANCE

[1] Beal , V.(2010). The Birth of the Internet.[Online].

Available :http://www.webopedia.com/DidYouKnow/Internet/BirthoftheInter
net.asp [Accessed December 05, 2014].
[2] Alcala, L.(2014).A Look Back: 6 Internet of Things Trends from
2014.[Online]. Available :
http://www.cmswire.com/cms/internet-of-things/a-look-back-6-internet-ofthings-
trends-from-2014-027566.php [Accessed January 12, 2015].
[3] Donovan, F(2014). A brief history of the Internet of Things.[Online]
available :
http://www.fiercemobileit.com/story/brief-history-internet-things/2014-07-23
[Accessed December 02,2014].