This unit presents the sleep disorder in EEG

segments, which is crucial for the localization and

classification of sleep disorders. Detailed
protocols describe sleep disorders, EEG
recording, and recording electrodes. The
electroencephalogram (EEG) recording
technique is used to monitor and diagnose sleep
disorders; sleep deprivative, insomnia and
hypersomnia. With the help of EEG large amount
of data are being produced and then visual
inspection of these EEG is done, in order to find
traces of sleep disorder.

KEYWORDS: Sleep disorders, Insomnia,

Parasomnia, Electroencephalogram.
 Impact

Trouble in SLEEP
Normal Abnormal
sleeping DISORDER

SLEEP EEG

EMG
Definition

EOG
Benefit
 SLEEP
STAGES

REM
NREM
(20-25%)

Stage N1

Stage N2 (40-50%)

Stage N3 (20%)
 Lack of Sleep
Disturbed Sleep
Excessive Sleep
 Insomnia
Bruxism Hypersomnia

Restless Legs
Catathrenia
Syndrome(RLS)

Confusional SLEEP Narcolepsy-

Arousal DISORDER cataplexy
syndrome

Night Terror Sleep Apneu

Nightmares Parasomnia
Sleep Walking
 hardship in falling asleep and staying
asleep, to wake up feeling restorative
and rested
Acute Transient
-stressful lifestyle
-medication side
effects -Anxiety
-environmental Insomnia -Depression
noise -Physical illness
-misuse of
caffeine
Chronic Intermittent

effects
 A person sleeps longer and for extra
hours than what is regular in the course
of night or the day.
= nocturnal leg cramps
uncomfortable sensations in the legs and
an uncontrollable desire to move the legs,
when resting or lying down
10% for adult, severe cases 2.5%
Women > men
Clinical features: crawling, creeping,
pulling, drawing, tingling, or prickly
discomfort, burning, aching, cramping,
knifelike sensations
 a sleep disorder of the central nervous
system that uniformly involves
uncontrollable, excessive daytime
sleepiness (EDS)
The major clinical:
-narcoleptic sleep attacks
(100%); Co-morbid conditions:
-cataplexy (60-70%); -sleep apnoea,
-sleep paralysis (25-50%); -periodic limb movements in
-hypnologic hallucinations (20- sleep (PLMS),
40%); -REM behavior disorder
-disturbed night sleep (70- (RBD)
80%); -nocturnal eating disorder.
-automatic behavior (20-40%).
 Clinical feature: head-nodding, sagging
of the jaw, buckling of the knees,
dropping of objects from hands, loss of
voice, slump or fall forward to the
ground for a few seconds
a few minutes to as long as 20 to 30 min
 a breathing related disorder, in which a
reduction or pause of breathing (airflow)
during sleep, due to the blockage of the
upper airways.

Brain muscles no muscular effort to

CSA
take a breath

Mixed sleep
apneu
Brain muscles muscles make an
OSA effort to take a breath
4%men, 2%
women (30-60 Airway obstructed
yo)
prevents an adequate flow of air
Symptoms:
-loud snoring
-frequent pauses in breathing during sleep
-choking during sleep
-feeling exhausted after waking and sleepy
during the day
-chest pains
-headaches
-nasal congestion
- dry throat
 impairment of
short term quality of life
consequences and work related
accidents

Sleep Disorder
-heart failure
-hypertension
-myocardial
long term
Infarction
consequences
-cardiac arrhythmia
-depression
-insomnia
 abnormal transition between the three
sleep stages; wake, REM sleep and
NREM sleep
RBD disorder 5-30 minutes and occur
every 90 minutes
active dreaming
active bodily muscle movement
HR & RR irreguler
Brain gets highly active
= Somnambulism
Typical accomplishment of actions with
being awake like eating, walking around
or dressing without sensible knowledge
or recognition.
>> children (5-12 yo)
less than 10 minutes.
 frightening dreams awakening
vivid recall.
50% children 3-5 yo have nightmares

Quick awakening with moaning, crying

out or gasping instead of nightmares
In the morning there is no recall of the
incident
 < 5 yo
side effects of certain medications
-antiparkinsonian drugs,
-anticholinergics,
-beta blockers
= Expiratory groaning
parasomnia occurance of expiratory
groaning (high-pitched, loud humming
or roaring sounds)

Clamping and granulating the teeth in

the sleeping time
 Electroencephalography
Medicinal imaging technique that reads
scalp electrical activity achieved by
brain structures

Electroencephalogram
Electrical activity of varying type listed
from the scalp exterior after being
preferred by metal electrodes and
conductive media.
 EEG :
-non-invasive method
-can be practised repeatedly
-no danger or limitation

persons brainwave detection /

diagnosis of sleep disorders

Brain electrical :Na+, K+, Ca++, and Cl- ions

 Encephalographic comprising of:

Electrodes A/D converter

Recording
Amplifiers device

-Needle electrodes
-Reusable disc
electrodes
-Headbands and
electrode caps
-Saline-based
electrodes
-Disposable (gel-less,
and pre-gelled type)
 Sleep disorders are common and
general physicians should have a high
index of consideration about it
EEG recording technique is used to
measure the brain activity
EEG is an interesting technique to study
brain activity including sleep disorders
related to present research.