(

( :D

urine
urgency

items
.
 Urine analysis
3
1-physical prop
2-Chemical prop
3-Microscopical prop
______________________________

Physical prop

indicator .
1-volume :
sample
2- Odour

()
 )DKA (Diabetic ketoacidosis


3-Color

Amber yellow
()

4- Aspect
Clear
Turbid

5-Specific gravity


()
1015 to 1025





:D
Chemical prop

1-Reaction
PH
, acidic 6

( )
PH

2-Albumin
()

 **

** (
)

**
()


:


3-Glucose

180 mg /100 ml blood
threshold of glucose
** :

Threshold



4-Ketone bodies

(



Free fatty acids to ketone bodies
PH
DKA

)
:D


,
(
) .....
5-Bilirubin






6-Urobilinogen


( bilirubin
urobilinogen

Stercobilin

urobilin


** :





Microscopical prop
1-pus cells
(
) :D


5 01

,

 Rowatinex

3
Urinex caps
 3
Kellagon caps

3


Proximol comp
()

 Hexamine-Piprazine

Proximadiol

3

 01 55

sulpha
Nitrofurantion

________________________________

Septrin DS
 05

Chemotrim forte
 Nitrofurantion

Uvamine retard caps

05
( )

*** : 5


***

***
Hexamine ( )Renal s , uricol sachhets




51 Quinolones
Drug of choice in UTI

resistance
QS
___________________________
 55
Quinolones
UTI

01
05

UT
Norfloxacin
Epinor 400
 Norbactin 400 , 800

05 7 01

Ciprofloxacin

food interaction

Antacids



 05 01
 Levofloxacin

UTI
G +ve bacteria

Community acquired pneumonia
Skin inf

Venaxan 250, 500
Tavanic 250 , 500
 Gatifloxacin

Arrhythmia

Gatilox 400


DOC
***
G-ve bacteria
***


***
***
51
***

01



***


1ST ,2ND, 3RD Generation cephalosporins
)1st like (velosef , duracef
) 2nd like( zinnat


Aminoglycosides
UT nephrotoxic ,
ototoxic
Amikin vial
2-RBCs

( )3-5



S.hematobium


 )TOD (Target organ damage





3-Epithelial cell

4-Casts

casts



Crystals or Amorphous



3


 1-Uric acid
2-Calcium oxalate

Phosphate
_____________________



:D


Gout

Acute attack

chronic
cancer

Idiopathic
acute


+++

:D
+++++

)Colchicine (Anti Inflammatory
)Piprazine(increase urate solubility
)Atropine(anti spasmodic
3
Urosolvin eff

Urivin eff


: 3

Formula
 Hexamine


Khellin


Piprazine

formula
Coli-urinal

Renal-s


chronic

attacks

class
)Xanthine oxidase inhibitor (XOI


Allopurinol

Zyloric 100 ,300

011 3
311
011
No uric 100 , 300
 Febuxostat 40, 80

once daily

Ca oxalate

(-----)
Mg
oxalate

Xenomag eff

3
Epimag eff



acidification of urine

Vitacid c

6-Other findings


S.hematobium

______________________
T.vaganlis

intercourse

Metronidazole
 Candida




/