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Symptoms: Symptoms:
Cold Supernatural
Social withdrawal Magical thinking
Avoid groups Poor social skills
No enjoyment Dirty
Symptoms:
Dito lang ako
Failure to conform to social norms
Deceitfulness
Impulsivity
Irritability and aggressiveness Treatment
Reckless disregard Schema-focused therapy. 4. Narcissistic personality disorder.
Mentalization-based therapy (MBT). Narcissistic personality disorder draws its name from the
Consistent irresponsibility
Systems training for emotional predictability and Greek mythological figure Narcissus, who fell in love
Lack of remorse with his own reflection, was consumed by his own
Prevalence: problem-solving (STEPPS).
Transference-focused psychotherapy (TFP). desire, and was transformed into a flower
Higher in males
Higher when affected by adverse sociocultural or General psychiatric management.
People with narcissistic personality disorder have a
socioeconomic factors Psychotherapy such as
grandiose view of their abilities and are preoccupied
Treatment: Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT). with fantasies of great success
Long term psychotherapy Symptoms:
Medication 3. Histrionic personality disorder Jealous
Treatment Insensitive
Sensitive to Criticism
2. Borderline personality disorder
Attention seeker
I love myself
Etiology of Narcissistic PD
Self-Psychology Mode
Social-Cognitive Mode
Symptoms
Be uncomfortable unless he or she is the center of
Treatment
attention
When therapy is attempted with these individuals, it often
Dress provocatively and/or exhibit inappropriately
focuses on their grandiosity, their hypersensitivity to
seductive or flirtatious behavior
evaluation, and their lack of empathy toward others
Shift emotions rapidly (Beck et al., 2007).
Act very dramatically, as though performing before an
Symptoms audience, with exaggerated emotions and expressions, Cognitive therapy strives to replace their fantasies with a
An intense fear of abandonment yet appears to lack sincerity focus on the day-to-day pleasurable experiences that are
A pattern of unstable intense relationships Be overly concerned with physical appearance truly attainable.
Rapid changes in self-identity and self-image Constantly seek reassurance or approval
Periods of stress-related paranoia and loss of contact with Be gullible and easily influenced by others Coping strategies such as relaxation training are used to
reality Be excessively sensitive to criticism or disapproval help them face and accept criticism.
Impulsive and risky behavior ______________________________________________
Suicidal threats or behavior or self-injury, often in Prevalence
In clinical settings, it is shown to be higher in females CLUSTER C
response to fear of separation or rejection
Wide mood swings lasting from a few hours to a few days
Treatment 1. Dependent personality disorder
Ongoing feelings of emptiness People with dependent personality disorder, however, rely
Psychotherapy
Inappropriate, intense anger on others to make ordinary decisions as well as
In practice, people with this type of illness do not
think they need treatment. important ones, which results in an unreasonable fear of
Prevalence abandonment
In clinical settings, it is shown to be higher in females
Individuals with dependent personality disorder Prevalence
sometimes agree with other people when their own Prevalence Highest prevalent disorder ranging from 2.1-7.9%
opinion differs so as not to be rejected (Bornstein, 2012) 2.4% In systematic studies, this disorder has been diagnosed as
Equal in both males and females. as high on males.
Treatment
Symptoms: Treated either/with both medication and psychotherapy
Clinging behavior Treatment ANXIETY DISORDERS
Low self-esteem Avoidant personality disorder treatments vary, but they It changes the way that a person thinks, feels and acts.
Feels uncomfortable or helpless will likely include talk therapy. It can seriously affect your work, personal life, and the
Needs others to assume responsibility lives of others.
3. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. What causes Anxiety?
Causes of Dependent PD There are different perspectives proposed in the study
Genetic influences are important in the development of of
this disorder (e.g., Gjerde et al., 2012) Its causes namely
What is not yet understood are the physiological factors Learning
underlying this genetic influence and how they interact - Conditioning by John B. Watson in his Little Albert
with environmental influences (Sanislow et al., 2012). Experiment
Stimulus Generalization -> Reinforcement
Treatment Cognition
Therapy therefore progresses gradually as the patient - Our own way of interpreting events
develops confidence in his ability to make decisions (Our sense of danger/threat)
independently (Beck et al., 2007). Acquired Anxiety
- Through Observational Learning
2. Avoidant personality disorder Biological Perspective
- Theory of Natural Selection by Darwin in which
ancestors passed on through genetics
Genetics and Brain Chemistry
- Differs in each individual; May be irregularities in the
brain structure, chemical composition etc.