En 03 Majmoo AlFatawa IbnBaz

English Translations of
Majmooal-Fatawa
of late Scholar Ibn
Bazz (R)
By:
Sheikh Àbdul Àziz Bin Àbdullah ibn
ÀbdulRahman ibn Bazz (May Allah forgive and
reward al-Firdouse to him and his parents)
He was The Mufti of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,

Chairman of the Council of Senior Scholars,
and Chairman of Department of Scholarly Research and
Ifta'
This English Translations are collected from

http://www.alifta.com
Portal of the General Presidency of Scholarly Research
and Ifta'
This file is volume No.03 of 30

www.ircpk.com | www.ahlulhadeeth.net
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ExplanationoftheTawhidoftheProphetsanditsantithesisinthereligionsoftheKafirsand
Mushriks
AllpraisebetoAllah,theLordoftheworlds,andtrulythegoodendshallalwaysbefortherighteous.Peace
andblessingsbeuponourProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)anduponallProphets,Messengers,
andrighteouspeople.
allah(mayHebePraisedandExalted)sentHisHonorableMessengerstoguidepeopletoknowHim,tocall
toTawhid(beliefintheOnenessofallah/monotheism),andsincereandpurededicationofIbadah
(worship)toAllahAlone,asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says: Andverily,WehavesentamongeveryUmmah(community,
nation)aMessenger(proclaiming):WorshipAllh(Alone),andavoid(orkeepawayfrom)Tght(allfalsedeitiesi.e.donotworship
TghtbesidesAllh).
Allah(mayHebePraised)explainsinthisgloriousAyah(Quranicverse)thatHesentaMessengerforevery
Ummah(nationbasedononecreed)toinvitethemtoworshipAllahAloneandavoidworshippingTaghut
(falsegods).
Thecoreof IbadahisTawhidandarounditalwaysrevolvedtheconflictbetweentheprophetsandtheir
Ummahs,astheMushriks(thoseassociatingotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship)worshipedAllah
(mayHebePraised),butalsoothersbesidesHim.Therefore,AllahsentMessengerstoorderthemto
worshipHimAloneandabandontheworshipofanyotherthanHim,asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says: And
(remember)whenIbrhm(Abraham)saidtohisfatherandhispeople:"Verily,Iaminnocentofwhatyouworship, "ExceptHim
(i.e.IworshipnonebutAllhAlone)WhodidcreatemeandverilyHewillguideme."
AllahinformsthatHisKhalil(theclosefriendofAllah),Ibrahim(Abraham,peacebeuponhim),declared
himselfinnocentofwhathispeopleworshipped,exceptAllahAlone.ThisisthemeaningofAllahsSaying:
ExceptHim(i.e.IworshipnonebutAllhAlone)Whodidcreateme ThisindicatesthattheywereworshippingAllah,but
alsoworshippedothersbesidesHim.Therefore,Ibrahimrenouncedallthegodstheyworshipped,exceptfor
theOnewhocreatedhim,andthatisAllah(ExaltedbeHe).He(GlorifiedbeHe)istheonlyOnedeserving
ofworship,becauseHeistheCreatorandtheSustainerofall.
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Theword"created"heremeansthatHecreatedhimwithoutmodelingonapreviousexample(i.e.withno
precedence),andonlyOnewithsuchpowerdeservestobeworshipped,withnonebesideHim.Allah
(ExaltedbeHe)says: AndWedidnotsendanyMessengerbeforeyou(OMuhammad)butWerevealedto
him(saying):LilhaillaAna[nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutI(Allh)],soworshipMe(Aloneandnoneelse)." Allah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)saysthatHerevealedtoalltheMessengersbeforetheLastoftheProphets,
Muhammad(peacebeuponhim),thatthereisnodeityexceptHimthatisworthyofIbadahandHeorders
themtoworshipHimAlone.
ThisshowsthatalldeitiesthatareworshippedotherthanAllah,whethertheyareprophets,Awliya(pious
people),idols,trees,Jinn,angels,etc.,areallfalsedeities.
ThismeaningisclarifiedbyAllahsSaying: ThatisbecauseAllhHeistheTruth(theonlyTrueGodofallthatexists,
WhohasnopartnersorrivalswithHim),andwhatthey(thepolytheists)invokebesidesHim,itisBtil(falsehood). Allah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)informsabouttheMushriks,whentheywerecalledbyourProphetMuhammad
(peacebeuponhim)totestifythatthereisnodeitybutAllah,thattheysaid: "Hashemadethelihah(gods)(all)
intoOneIlh(GodAllh).Verily,thisisacuriousthing!" Allah(mayHebePraised)alsosays: Truly,whenitwassaidto
them:Lilhaillallh"(nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutAllh),"theypuffedthemselvesupwithpride(i.e.deniedit). And
Thisshowsthattheyknewthatthe
(they)said:"Arewegoingtoabandonourlihah(gods)forthesakeofamadpoet?"
testimonyofTawhid(LailahaillaAllahthereisnodeitybutAllah)voidstheirShirk(associatingothers
withAllahinHisDivinityorworship),asitmakesitclearthattheirdeitiesarefalse.Itinevitablycreatesthe
realizationthatTestifyingthatthereisnodeityotherthanAllahdemandsdedicationofallIbadahtoAllah
AloneandbeliefthatHe(mayHebePraised)istheonlytrueGodtobeworshipped.Ifthiswerenotso,they
wouldnothavebeenproudandrefrainedfromsayingit,becausesayingitwouldentailtheabolishmentof
alltheotherdeitiesworshipped.
Unfortunately,thistruthisnotsocleartomanypeople,whothinkthatifanyonesaysthereisnodeitybut
AllahthattheyareaMuslimandthattheirbloodandpropertyareinviolable,eveniftheydedicatemostof
theirIbadahtootherthanAllah,suchasDua(supplication),
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fearing,hoping,trusting,sacrificing,makingvows,etc.Thisistheactualsituationofgraveworshippers,as
theytestifythatthereisnodeitybutAllahandthenseekthehelpofthedead,whomtheycallthe
Awliya (piouspeople),andaskthemtofulfilltheirneeds,removeadversities,andgrantthemvictoryover
theirenemiesbyeithersupplicatingtothemattheirgravesorfromfar.
TheymayevendothatwithourProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)andtheotherprophets.They
mayalsoresorttotheJinnforhelptomeettheirneedsandslaughtersacrificesfortheirsakes,hopingthis
willbenefitthem,curetheirsick,andprotectthem,theircultivatedlands,andthelike.
Allthesemattersarewellknownandnothiddenfromthosewhodealwithgraveworshippersandseetheir
blatantShirkandmanifestKufr(disbelief).AllahsentalltheMessengerstorefuteShirkandwarnagainstit,
andinvitepeopletoworshipAllahAlone,aswasmentionedinthepreviousAyahs.
Allah(mayHebePraisedandExalted)orderedtheMessengerstomakepeopleknowtheirLord,Creator,
andSustainer,andtotellthemHisBeautifulNamesandHighAttributesthatbespeakofthePerfectionofHis
Grandeur,Omnipotence,Knowledge,BenevolenceandMercytowardsHisServants.Theywereorderedto
enlightenpeoplethatAllahistheGiverofbenefitandharm,theDisposerofallpeoplesaffairs,andthe
Knowerofalltheirconditions.Thus,itisnotbefittingtoassociateothersinworshipwithAllahorto
supplicatetoothersforhelp,becauseAllahAloneistheOneWhoiscapableofanythingandistheAll
KnowerofeverythingwhatsoeverelseispoorlyinneedofHim.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says:
AndI(Allh)creatednotthejinnandmankindexceptthattheyshouldworshipMe(Alone). Iseeknotanyprovisionfromthem(i.e.
provisionforthemselvesorforMycreatures)nordoIaskthattheyshouldfeedMe(i.e.feedthemselvesorMycreatures). Verily,
AllhistheAllProvider,OwnerofPower,theMostStrong. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)furthersays: Omankind!Worshipyour
upto
Lord(Allh),WhocreatedyouandthosewhowerebeforeyousothatyoumaybecomeAlMuttaqn(thepiousSeeV.2:2).
HisWords: ThendonotsetuprivalsuntoAllh(inworship)whileyouknow(thatHeAlonehastherighttobeworshipped).
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays:
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Omankind!itisyouwhostandinneedofAllh.ButAllhisRich(Freeofallneeds),Worthyofallpraise. IfHewilled,Hecould
AllahinformsusthatHisMessengers(peace
destroyyouandbringaboutanewcreation. AndthatisnothardforAllh.
beuponthem)taughttheirpeopleabouttheGreatnessofAllah(mayHebePraised),HisPowerover
everything,HisKnowledgeofeverything,andthatHe(mayHebePraised)hearstheDuaandanswersthe
distressed,asHeistheOneWhobringsbenefitandcausesharm.Theytaughtthemthatwhatthey
worshippedbesidesAllahcouldneitherharmthemnorbenefitthem,norhearthesupplicationsofthose
whosupplicateoranswerthem.Theyalsotoldthemthattheiridolscouldneitherspeaktothemnorguide
themtotheRightPath,norhaveanypowertoharmorbenefitthem.Allofthisobligatesthemtobesincere
toAllahAloneintheir Ibadah,Tawbah(repentancetoHim),andaskingfortheirneedsonlyfromHim.
TheyshouldalsobelieveinHisProphetsandadheretoHisShariah,asAllahreportsthatNuh(Noah,peace
beuponhim)saidtohispeople: AskforgivenessfromyourLord,Verily,HeisOftForgiving Hewillsendraintoyouin
abundance, Andgiveyouincreaseinwealthandchildren,andbestowonyougardensandbestowonyourivers."
Likewise,Hud(peacebeuponhim)saidtohispeople: "Doyoubuildhighpalacesoneveryhighplace,whileyoudonot
liveinthem? "Anddoyougetforyourselvespalaces(finebuildings)asifyouwilllivethereinforever. "Andwhenyouseize
(somebody),seizeyou(him)astyrants? "SofearAllh,keepyourdutytoHim,andobeyme. "AndkeepyourdutytoHim,fear
HimWhohasaidedyouwithall(goodthings)thatyouknow. "Hehasaidedyouwithcattleandchildren. "Andgardensand
springs. "Verily,IfearforyouthetormentofaGreatDay."
AllahalsoquotesHisProphetSalih(peacebeuponhim)assayingtohispeople: "Willyoubeleftsecureinthat
whichyouhavehere? "Ingardensandsprings. Andgreencrops(fields)anddatepalmswithsoftspadix. "Andyouhewoutin
themountains,houseswithgreatskill. "SofearAllh,keepyourdutytoHim,andobeyme. "AndfollownotthecommandofAl
Musrifn[i.e.theirchiefs:leaderswhowerepolytheists,criminalsandsinners], "Whomakemischiefintheland,andreformnot."
AllahalsorelatesaboutHisKhalilIbrahim(peacebeuponhim),saying:
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AndrecitetothemthestoryofIbrhm(Abraham). Whenhesaidtohisfatherandhispeople:"Whatdoyouworship?" They

said:"Weworshipidols,andtothemweareeverdevoted." Hesaid:"Dotheyhearyou,whenyoucallon(them)? "Ordothey
benefityouordotheyharm(you)?" Theysaid:"(Nay)butwefoundourfathersdoingso." untilHisSaying: Excepthimwho
bringstoAllhacleanheart[cleanfromShirk(polytheism)andNifq(hypocrisy)]." Also,Allahsays,inthestoryofthe
ChildrenofIsraelandtheirworshipofthecalf: AndthepeopleofMs(Moses)madeinhisabsence,outoftheir
ornaments,theimageofacalf(forworship).Ithadasound(asifitwasmooing).Didtheynotseethatitcouldneitherspeaktothem
norguidethemtotheway? AndHesaysinSurahTaHaaboutthesamestory: Didtheynotseethatitcouldnotreturn
Themeaningofthisisto
themaword(foranswer),andthatithadnopowereithertoharmthemortodothemgood?
questionwhatthosepeopledid,didtheylosetheirmindstotheextentthattheyworshippedacalfthat
cannotspeaktothemnorbenefit,harm,orguidethemtogoodness!ThismakesitclearthatitisAllah(may
HebePraised)WhohasthepowertobenefitorharmWhohearstheDuaandrespondstothedistressed,
whentheycallonHimWhospeaks,ifHesowills.TheseareamongtheAttributesofPerfection,whichthe
TrueGodtobeworshippedmusthave,unliketheidolsandotherobjectsofworshipthatcannothear,bring
benefit,inflictharm,respondto,orguidethosewhocalluponthem.
HowisitpossiblethentoworshipothersbesidetheTrueKing,theAllHearing,theResponsive,theGiverof www.ircpk.com
Benefit,theCauserofHarm,theAllknowingofeverything,andtheOmnipotentWhohaspoweroverall
things.ThereisnodeitybutHim,andnoLordbutHim.
TherearemanyAyahsthatcarrythismeaningandtheyallshowthatAllah(mayHebePraised)possesses
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theattributesofabsoluteperfectionandisfreefromanyattributesofimperfectionorblemish.Thisentails
showingTawhidandsincerityin IbadahtoAllah(mayHebePraised),turningoneshearttoHim,and
puttingonestrustinHiminallmatters,whileassociatingwithHimnootherpartner,becauseHeisthe
Creator,theSustainer,theOwnerofeverything,theDisposerofallaffairs.Accordingly,itisnotlawfulto
worshipotherthanHim.
Allah(mayHebePraised)informsusthatHisProphets,Nuh,Hud,SalihandShuaibsaidtotheirpeople:
WorshipAllh!YouhavenootherIlh(God)butHim. HealsomentionsthatalltheMessengerstoldthesametotheir
people,aswasstatedintheaboveAyahs.
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: And(remember)Ibrhm(Abraham)whenhesaidtohispeople:"WorshipAllh(Alone),andfear
Him:thatisbetterforyouifyoudidbutknow. "YouworshipbesidesAllhonlyidols,andyouonlyinventfalsehood.Verily,those
whomyouworshipbesidesAllhhavenopowertogiveyouprovision:soseekyourprovisionfromAllh(Alone),andworshipHim
(Alone),andbegratefultoHim.ToHim(Alone)youwillbebroughtback. He(ExaltedbeHe)furthersaysinSurahAl
Safat: And,verily,amongthosewhofollowedhis[Nhs(Noah)]way(IslmicMonotheism)wasIbrhm(Abraham). Whenhe
cametohisLordwithapureheart[attachedtoAllhAloneandnoneelse,worshippingnonebutAllhAlonetrueIslmic
Monotheism,purefromthefilthofpolytheism]. Whenhesaidtohisfatherandtohispeople:"Whatisitthatwhichyouworship?
"Isitafalsehoodlihah(gods)otherthanAllhthatyoudesire? "ThenwhatthinkyouabouttheLordoftheAlamn(mankind,
He(mayHebePraised)alsosaysinSurahMaryam,concerningHisKhalilIbrahim
jinn,andallthatexists)?"
(peacebeuponhim): AndmentionintheBook(theQurn)Ibrhm(Abraham).Verilyhewasamanoftruth,aProphet.
Whenhesaidtohisfather:"Omyfather!Whydoyouworshipthatwhichhearsnot,seesnotandcannotavailyouinanything? "O
myfather!Verilytherehascometomeoftheknowledgethatwhichcamenotuntoyou.Sofollowme,IwillguideyoutotheStraight
Path. "Omyfather!WorshipnotShaitn(Satan).VerilyShaitn(Satan)hasbeenarebelagainsttheMostGracious(Allh). "O
myfather!VerilyIfearlestatormentfromtheMostGracious(Allh)shouldovertakeyou,sothatyoubecomeacompanionofShaitn
(Satan)(intheHellfire)."[TafsirAlQurtub] He(thefather)said:"Doyourejectmygods,OIbrhm(Abraham)?Ifyoustopnot
(this),Iwillindeedstoneyou.Sogetawayfrommesafely(beforeIpunishyou)."
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Ibrhm(Abraham)said:"Peacebeonyou!IwillaskForgivenessofmyLordforyou.VerilyHeisuntomeEverMostGracious.
"AndIshallturnawayfromyouandfromthosewhomyouinvokebesidesAllh.AndIshallcalluponmyLordandIhopethatIshall
notbeunblestinmyinvocationtomyLord." Sowhenhehadturnedawayfromthemandfromthosewhomtheyworshipped
besidesAllh,WegavehimIshq(Isaac)andYaqb(Jacob),andeachoneofthemWemadeaProphet. AndWegavethemof
OurMercy(agoodprovisioninplenty),andWegrantedthemhonouronthetongues(ofallthenations,i.e.everybodyremembers
themwithagoodpraise). Allah(mayHebePraised)alsosaysinSurahAlAraf,aboutthepeopleofHud,thatthey
saidtoHud(peacebeuponhim): "YouhavecometousthatweshouldworshipAllhAloneandforsakethatwhichour
fathersusedtoworship.Sobringusthatwherewithyouhavethreatenedusifyouareofthetruthful." AllahalsosaysinSurah
Yunus,abouttheArabMushrikstowhomourProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)wassent: Andthey
worshipbesidesAllhthingsthatharmthemnot,norprofitthem,andtheysay:TheseareourintercessorswithAllh. Allah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)answersthemsaying: AndtheyworshipbesidesAllhthingsthatharmthemnot,norprofit
them,andtheysay:TheseareourintercessorswithAllh.Say:DoyouinformAllhofthatwhichHeknowsnotintheheavensand
ontheearth? GlorifiedandExaltedisHeaboveallthatwhichtheyassociateaspartners(withHim)! HealsosaysinSurahAl
Zumar: TherevelationofthisBook(theQurn)isfromAllh,theAllMighty,theAllWise. VerilyWehavesentdowntheBookto
you(OMuhammad)intruth:SoworshipAllh(Alone)bydoingreligiousdeedssincerelyforAllhssakeonly.
Surelythereligion(i.e.theworshipandtheobedience)isforAllhonly.AndthosewhotakeAuliy(protectors,helpers,lords,gods)
besidesHim(say):"WeworshipthemonlythattheymaybringusneartoAllh."VerilyAllhwilljudgebetweenthemconcerningthat
whereintheydiffer.Truly,Allhguidesnothimwhoisaliar,andadisbeliever.
Allah(mayHebePraised)explainsintheseAyahsthattheMushrikstowhomMuhammad(peacebeupon
him)wassentdidnotworshipimages,idols,prophets,therighteous,andothers,becausetheycouldbring
benefitorcauseharm,orcreateorsustain,insteadtheyworshippedthemtoobtainShafaah(intercession)
with
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AllahanddrawclosetoHim.Yet,Allah(mayHebePraisedandExalted)declaredthemtobeKafirsand
Mushriksbecauseoftheirsodoing.
Inthisrespect,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: SuchisAllh,yourLordHisisthekingdom.Andthose,whomyouinvoke
orcalluponinsteadofHim,ownnotevenaQitmr(thethinmembraneoverthedatestone). Ifyouinvoke(orcallupon)them,they
hearnotyourcallandif(incase)theyweretohear,theycouldnotgrantit(yourrequest)toyou.AndontheDayofResurrection,
theywilldisownyourworshippingthem.Andnonecaninformyou(OMuhammad)likeHimWhoistheAllKnower
(ofeverything). Allah(mayHebePraised)tellsinthisAyahthattheSovereigntyisHisAloneandthatHeisthe
SoleDisposerofHiscreatures.AllthoseworshippedbytheMushriks,otherthanHim,whethertheyareJinn,
humans,trees,stones,etc.,donotevenownaQitmirthethinmembraneoverthedatestoneandthat
theycannotheartheDuaofthosewhocalluponthem.Eveniftheydid,theycouldnotrespond,because
theyareeitherdead,absent,orinanimateobjectsthatcannotdoanything.Allah(mayHebePraised)also
explainsthatthosewhomtheyworshipbesidesAllahwilldenytheirworshippingthemontheDayof www.ircpk.com
Resurrectionandrefuteit.ThisindicatesthattheirattachmenttothemandtheirDuatothemisShirk,asHe
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: AndtheDaywhereonWeshallgatherthemalltogether,thenWeshallsaytothosewho
didsetpartnersinworshipwithUs:"Stopatyourplace!Youandyourpartners(whomyouhadworshippedintheworldlylife)."then
Weshallseparatethem,andtheir(Allhssocalled)partnersshallsay:"Itwasnotusthatyouusedtoworship." "Sosufficientis
Allhasawitnessbetweenusandyouthatweindeedknewnothingofyourworshipofus." He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
says: Andwhoismoreastraythanonewhocallson(invokes)besidesAllh,suchaswillnotanswerhimtilltheDayofResurrection,
andwhoare(even)unawareoftheircalls(invocations)tothem? Andwhenmankindaregathered(ontheDayofResurrection),
IntheseAyahs,Allahexplainsthatallthose
they(falsedeities)willbecometheirenemiesandwilldenytheirworshipping.
worshippedotherthanHimshalldisowntheirworshippersontheDayofResurrection,denytheirworship,
andinformthemthattheywereheedlessofit.
WhatagreatregretandlossthoseMushrikswillhaveontheDayofResurrection!Theyhaveincurredupon
themselvesfailureandsorrow,andhaveearnedtheAngerandWrathoftheAlmighty,bytheirdisbeliefin
HimandtheirworshipofotherswithHimthatcannotbringbenefit,causeharm,oravailthemanything.
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Andwhoeverinvokes(orworships),besidesAllh,anyotherilh(god),ofwhom
hehasnoproofthenhisreckoningisonlywithhisLord.Surely!AlKfirn(thedisbelieversinAllhandintheOnenessofAllh,
polytheists,pagans,idolaters)willnotbesuccessful.
TherearemanyAyahsthatexplainthefalsehoodofShirk,thebadendoftheMushriks,andtheirlossonthe
DayofResurrection.TheSunnahoftheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)alsoexplainsthemisguidanceof
Mushriks,theirbadend,andtheenormityoftheirlosses,notforassociatingotherswithAllahinTawhidul
Rububiyyah(OnenessofAllahsLordship),becausetheyknewthatHeistheCreator,Sustainer,andthe
Disposerofalltheiraffairs.Rather,itisbecausetheyassociatedotherswithHiminTawhidulUluhiyyah
(OnenessofWorship)ininvoking,fearing,hoping,slaughteringsacrifices,vowing,andotherformsof
Ibadah.ItisauthenticallyreportedintheTwoSahih(authentic)BooksofHadith(i.e.AlBukhariandMuslim)
ontheauthorityofIbn Abbas(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemboth)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
saidtoMu adhwhenhesenthimtoYemen, YouaregoingtoacommunityofthePeopleoftheBook,soletthefirstthingto
whichyoucallthembeworshippingAllah. Accordingtoanothernarration, ...callthemtotestifythatthereisnodeitybut
AllahandthatIamtheMessengerofAllah. InanothernarrationbyAlBukhari(mayAllahbemercifultohim), ...call
themtobelieveinAllahAlone(Tawhid). Similarly,itisreportedin"SahihMuslim"ontheauthorityofSadibnTariqAl
A s h j a y fromhisfather(peacebeuponhim)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Anyonewhosaysthat
thereisnodeitybutAllahanddisbelievesinwhateverisworshippedbesidesAllah,theirpropertyandbloodbecomeinviolable,and
theiraccountiswithAllah. AccordingtothewordingofthenarrationbyAhmad, AnyonewhobelievesinAllahAloneand
disbelievesinwhateverisworshippedbesidesAllah...
ThesetwoHadithexplicitlyenjointawhid,sincerityin IbadahtoAllah,anddisbeliefinwhateveris
worshippedbesidesHim.
ItisalsorelatedintheTwoSahihBooksofHadithontheauthorityofAbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwith
him), He(peacebeuponhim)saidtoJibril(Gabriel,peacebeuponhim),whenheaskedhimaboutIslam,ItistoworshipAllah
andnotassociateanythingwithHim,toperformtheobligatorySalah(Prayers),topaytheprescribedZakah(obligatorycharity)
Likewise,in"SahihMuslim"ontheauthorityofIbnUmar(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemboth)itisreported
thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Islamisbuiltonfive(pillars):onbeliefintheOnenessofAllah,performing
Salah,givingZakah,Sawm(fasting)Ramadan,andHajj(pilgrimage). Accordingtoanothernarrationofhis: ...onworship
ofAllahanddisbeliefinanyotherthanHim... TheoriginalnarrationofthisHadithisreportedintheTwoSahih
BooksasMarfu (aHadithnarratedfromtheProphetwithaconnectedordisconnectedchainofnarration)
withthefollowingwording: Islamisbuiltonfive(pillars):thetestimonythatthereisnodeitybutAllahandthatMuhammadis
theMessengerofAllah,performingSalah,givingZakah,SawmofRamadan,andHajj(pilgrimage)totheHouse(theKabah).
ItisalsorelatedbyMuslimintheHadithontheauthorityofUmar(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)inwhich
JibrilaskedaboutIslam,Iman(Faith),andIhsan(theperfectionofFaith),thattheProphet(peacebeupon
him)answeredsaying, IslamistotestifythatthereisnodeitybutAllahandthatMuhammadistheMessengerofAllah,perform
Salah,payZakah,fastRamadan,andHajjtotheHouse(theKabah)ifyouareabletoundertakethejourney.
TheseHadithandothersbearingthesamemeaningprovethatthemeaningofthetestimony:Lailahailla
Allah(thereisnodeitybutAllah)isbeliefintheOnenessofAllah,sincerityinIbadahtoHim,anddisbelief
inwhateverisworshippedbesideHim.
ThismeaningisthetrueessenceoftheTawhidwithwhichAllahsenttheMessengers,revealedtheBooks,
andestablishedJihad(struggling/fightingintheCauseofAllah)anddividedthepeopleintoKafirsand
Mumins(believers),wretchedandblessed.
ItisenjoineduponeveryMukallaf(personmeetingtheconditionstobeheldlegallyaccountablefortheir
actions)toseekthemeansforsalvation,adheretoTawhid,dedicateIbadahpurelyandsincerelytoAllah
Alone,disbelieveinanyIbadahtootherthanHimandrepudiateit,
andholdallegianceorenmityonthisbasis,asAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Indeedtherehasbeen www.ircpk.com

anexcellentexampleforyouinIbrhm(Abraham)andthosewithhim,whentheysaidtotheirpeople:"Verily,wearefreefromyou
andwhateveryouworshipbesidesAllh:wehaverejectedyou,andtherehasstartedbetweenusandyouhostilityandhatredfor
everuntilyoubelieveinAllhAlone"
ThisistheDin(religion)ofalltheMessengersanditistheDinthatAllahsenttheLastandBestofthe
Prophets,ourProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)with.
ItisobligatoryuponeveryMuslimtobiteonthiswiththeirmolars,standstraightontheDin,invitepeople
toitsincerelyandhonestly,andbepatientwithwhatafflictsthemonthePathofadheringtoitor
performingDawah(callingtoAllah).Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)saystoHisProphet(peacebeupon
him): Thereforebepatient(OMuhammad)asdidtheMessengersofstrongwill Allah(ExaltedbeHe)
alsosays: Andendureyoupatiently(OMuhammad),yourpatienceisnotbutfromAllh.
He(mayHebePraised)furthersays: andbepatient.Surely,AllhiswiththosewhoareAsSbirn(thepatient). AndHe

(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: ByAlAsr(thetime). Verily,manisinloss, Exceptthosewhobelieve(inIslmic
Monotheism)anddorighteousgooddeeds,andrecommendoneanothertothetruth[i.e.orderoneanothertoperformallkindsof
gooddeeds(AlM a ruf)whichAllhhasordained,andabstainfromallkindsofsinsandevildeeds(AlMunkarwhichAllhhas
forbidden],andrecommendoneanothertopatience(forthesufferings,harms,andinjurieswhichonemayencounterinAllhsCause
duringpreachingHisreligionofIslmicMonotheismorJihd). Allah(mayHebePraisedandExalted)says: Onlythose
whoarepatientshallreceivetheirrewardinfull,withoutreckoning. TherearemanyotherAyahstothiseffect.
MayAllah,theOneWhoisbeggedforaid,bringus,allMuslims,andallthosewhocallpeopletoAlHaqq
(theTruth)togetherinwhatpleasesHim,andguideHisServants.MayAllahguidealltherulersofMuslims
towhatbenefitstheirpeopleandputsthemontheRightPath.Indeed,HeisthePatronandtheOneCapable
ofdoingit.PeaceandblessingsbeuponourProphetMuhammad,andhisfamilyandCompanions,and
thosewhofollowtheircourseuntiltheDayofResurrection!
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AlectureonthefundamentalsofIman(Faith)
PraisebetoAllah,theLordoftheWorlds.MaypeaceandblessingsbeupontheServantofAllah,His
Messenger,thebestofHisCreatures,andHisTrusteeoverHisrevelation,ourProphet,Imam,Muhammad
ibnÀbdullah.MayAllah'sPeaceandBlessingsbeuponhisfamily,Companions,andthosewhoadopthis
wayandfollowhisguidanceuntiltheDayofResurrection!
Dearhonorablebrothers,myaddresstoyouwillbeonthefundamentalsofIman.Thistopicwaschosenby
theuniversityandIagreedtodeliverthisspeechbecauseitisanexceptionallyimportantmatter.Itis
acknowledgedthatourDeen(Islam)isestablisheduponthesetenets,asourUmmah(nation)cannot
succeed,liveinastateofhappiness,security,andgloryaboveothernationsexceptthroughholdingfastto
thesetenetsandactingaccordinglyintermsofitsstatements,actions,generalconduct,Jihad,andallits
affairs.
TheQur'anmakesthesefundamentalsclearinmanyAyahs(Qur'anicverses)andarealsoexplainedinthe
Prophet'sHadiths(peacebeuponhim).ThesixfundamentalsofImanarethemselvesthetenetsofthe
Islamicfaith,forpreachingImaninAllahistheforemostobjectiveofthisDeenwhichawakenspeople's
inclinationtowardspiety,guidance,andTaqwa(fearingAllahasHeshouldbefeared).Itistheessenceof
theMessageoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)whopropagatedbeneficialknowledgeandpracticinggood
deeds.AllthisfallsundertherealmofIman.ThesesixfundamentalshavebeenexplainedintheNobleBook
indifferentAyahs,andhighlightedintheProphet'sHadiths.Allah(mayHebePraised)statesinHisBook: It
isnotAlBirr(piety,righteousness,andeachandeveryactofobediencetoAllh,etc.)thatyouturnyourfacestowardseastand(or)
west(inprayers)butAlBirris(thequalityof)theonewhobelievesinAllh,theLastDay,theAngels,theBook,theProphets Allah
(mayHebePraisedandExalted)mentionsinthisAyahfive
fundamentalsofIman:TobelieveInAllah,theLastDay,Hisangels,Books,andMessengers.Thesearefive
mattersuponwhichIslamisbasedinallitsaspects.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsostates: The
Messenger(Muhammad)believesinwhathasbeensentdowntohimfromhisLord,and(sodo)thebelievers.
EachonebelievesinAllh,HisAngels,HisBooks,andHisMessengers.(Theysay),"Wemakenodistinctionbetweenoneanotherof
HisMessengers"
InthisAyah,AllahmentionsfourmattersinHisstatement: EachonebelievesinAllh,HisAngels,HisBooks,andHis
Messengers. AllahmakesnomentionoftheLastDayalthoughHementioneditinthepreviousAyahand
others.ThisisAllah'sLawinHisBook,asHevariegatesthediscourseaboutHisomnipotence(Glorifiedand
ExaltedbeHe),HisNames,andAttributes,thetenetsofthisDeen,theeventsoftheDayofResurrection,
aboutJannah(Paradise)andHellfire,Hismessengersandtheirnations,forthepurposeofincreasingthe
ImanandknowledgeofthosewhoponderovertheAyahsofHisBookandseekmoreknowledgewithevery
Surah,eveneveryAyahofthisGloriousBookoreveryHadithnarratedfromtheMessengerofAllah(peace
beuponhim).However,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)mentionstheLastDayattheendoftheAyah,
asHestates: (Weseek)YourForgiveness,ourLord,andtoYouisthereturn(ofall). He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
alsostates: Oyouwhobelieve!BelieveinAllh,andHisMessenger(Muhammad),andtheBook(theQurn)
whichHehassentdowntoHisMessenger,andtheScripturewhichHesentdowntothosebefore(him)andwhosoeverdisbelievesin
Allh,HisAngels,HisBooks,HisMessengers,andtheLastDay,thenindeedhehasstrayedfaraway.
AllahexplainsinthisAyahsothatwhoeverdisbelievesinthesefundamentalarticlesofImanhasstrayedfar
fromtheStraightPath.TherearemanyAyahstothesameeffect.AtsomeplacesoftheQur'an,Allah
mentionsindependentlybelievinginHimalone,becauseallthearticlesoffaitharepartandparcelofhaving
ImaninAllah,whileinothersHementionsbeliefinHimandHisMessenger,orinHimandtheLastDay.
ThisisbecausebelievinginAllahnaturallyincludesothermattersofImanmentionedintheotherAyahs,
suchasbelievinginangels,Books,messengers,andtheLastDay.Inthisregard,Allah(GlorifiedandExalted
beHe)states: BelieveinAllh,andHisMessenger(Muhammad),andtheBook(theQurn)whichHehassent
downtoHisMessenger,andtheScripturewhichHesentdowntothosebefore(him) AllahconfinedthisAyahtohaving
ImaninAllah,HisMessenger,theBooksentdownuponMuhammad(peacebeuponhim),andtheBook
revealedbefore.HedidnotmentiontheotherarticlesofImanbecausetheyareincludedinthebeliefin
Allah.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)furtherstates: Therefore,believeinAllhandHisMessenger(Muhammad
)andintheLight(thisQurn)whichWehavesentdown. HementionedbelievinginAllah,His
Messenger,andthelightrevealedtoMuhammad,namelytheQur'anandtheSunnah,becausetheother
mattersarecontainedinthatlight,andsoareallthatAllahandHisMessengerinformedaboutregarding
whatwasandwillbe.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsostates: BelieveinAllhandHisMessenger(Muhammad
),andspendofthatwhereofHehasmadeyoutrustees.Andsuchofyouasbelieveandspend(inAllhsWay),
theirswillbeagreatreward. Here,AllahonlymentionsImaninAllahandHisMessengerbecauseotheressential
requirementsofImanarebasicallyincludedinbelievinginAllahandHisMessenger. www.ircpk.com
TheSunnahalsoprovidessupportforthis.Forexample,thewellknownHadithofJibril(Gabriel)whenhe
askedtheprophet(peacebeuponhim)aboutIslam,ImanandIhsan(theperfectionofFaith).Hefirstasked
aboutIslam,andinanothernarrationhebeganbyaskingaboutImanthenmentionedIslamandIhsan.The
pointisthathefirstaskedabouttherequirementsofImanbecauseitpurifiestheMusliminwardlyinaway
thatisreflecteduponhisoutwardbehavior.ThisiswhyAllahdefinedIslamasoutwardsubmissionbecause
ithastodowithaMuslim'ssubmissivenesstoAllah(mayHebePraised).Theword"Islam"indicates
submissiontoAllah(ExaltedbeHe),andobeyingHisCommands.Forthatreason,Allahcalledtheoutward
mattersofworship'Islam'astheyincludehumblingoneselfandworshippingHim,obeyingHisCommands
andabidingbyHislaws.
Itissaid"Apersonsubmittedandsurrenderedtoanotheri.e.hehumbledhimselftosomeoneandfollowed
hiscommands.Likewise,submissiontoAllahmeanshumblingoneselftoHimandobservingHisShari'ah
(mayHebePraisedandExalted).
IslammeansoutwardsubmissiontoAllahwhileImancombinesinwardandoutwardsubmissiontoHimas
inobservanceoftheteachingsofAllah'sPurifiedSharàh(Law).ThatiswhytheywerecoupledintheSahih
(authentic)Hadith,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)explainedIslamasoutwarddeedswhichtestifytoone's
submissionthatincludesverbaltestimonythatthereisnoGodworthyofworshipexceptAllahandthat
MuhammadisHisMessenger,performanceofthefivedailyprayers,paymentofZakah,fastingthemonthof
Ramadan,andperformingHajjtotheSacredHouseinMakkah.Also,Imanhastodowithinward
submissionthatincludesbelievinginAllahandHisAngels,etc.
TheSahihHadithreads: OMessengerofAllah,whatarethebestacts?Hesaid:tofeedthefoodandsendregardingstowhom
youknowandtowhomyouknownot. AccordingtoanotherHadith: WhoseIslamisthebesti.e.whoisaverygoodMuslim?
Hereplied:OnewhoavoidsharmingtheMuslimswithhistongueandhands.
Thus,theword"Islam"referstotheoutwarddeedwhichdemonstratesaservant'ssubmissiontoAllah's
commands,obeyingHisShariàh,andabidingbyitwhileImanisakintotheinwardImaninone'sheart
suchasbelievinginAllah,HisAngels,Books,Messengers,theLastDay,andQadar(predestination)whether
goodorbad.WhentheProphet(peacebeuponhim)wasaskedaboutIman,hesaid, TohavefaithinAllah,His
Angels,HisBooks,HisMessengers,theDayofResurrectionandtheDivinedestinywhethergoodorbad. HeexplainedImanas
believinginthesesixmatterswhichareessentiallythefundamentalsofFaithandtheDeenofIslam,for
whoeverlacksImanhasnoshareinIslam,andwhoeverlacksIslamisnotaMu'min(believer).Accordingly,
believingintheseessentialrequirementsofImanisaprerequisiteforthevalidityofone'sIslam.However,a
Muslim'sImanmightbeperfectornot,asAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)statedabouttheBedouins:
Say:Youbelievenotbutyouonlysay,Wehavesurrendered(inIslm)"
BecausetheirImanwasnotperfectanddidnotfulfilltheessentialrequirementstobetruebelievers,Allah
deniedthemtheperfectImanasthiscannotbeassociatedwiththosewhoneglectreligiousobligations,as
theProphet(peacebeuponhim)stated, Thereisnofaith,forapersonwhodoesnothavepatience Similarly,he
(peacebeuponhim)said: Noneofyouwillbelieveuntilhelovesforhisbrotherwhathelovesforhimself. TheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)alsosaid: HewhobelievesinAllahandtheLastDayshouldeitheruttergoodwordsorbetterkeepsilent
andhewhobelievesinAllahandtheLastDayshouldshowhospitalitytohisguest.HewhobelievesinAllahandtheLastDayshould
keepgoodrelationwithhisKithandkin.HewhobelievesinAllahandtheLastDayshouldnothurthisneighbors. Toexplainit
further,Imanentailspracticinggooddeeds.Thus,IslamwithoutImanistheactofhypocrites.Theperfect
ImannecessitatesabidingbywhatAllahandHisMessengercommandedandrefrainingfromwhatthey
forbade.IfaMuslimfallsshortinadheringtothis,thenheisnotabelieverasAllahnegatedImanfromthe
BedouinsinHisstatement: Say:Youbelievenotbutyouonlysay,Wehavesurrendered(inIslm)" andasnegatedalso
bythepreviousHadiths.
Tosummarize,Allah(mayHebePraised)andHisMessengerdeniedtheImanofthosewhoneglectedsome
obligationsoffaith,althoughtheyremainedwithinthefoldofIslam.Thesesixtenetsarethecoreofthe
DeenofIslamwhoeverfulfillsthemalongwiththeoutwardmattersofIman,thentheyarebelieving
Muslims.ButthosewhoneglectthesetenetshavenoshareeitherinIslamorIman.Theirstatusislikethat
ofhypocriteswhopretentiouslyadoptedIslam,identifiedthemselvesasbelievers,offeredSalah(Prayer)
withMuslims,performedHajj,andevenfoughtinthecauseofAllahbuttheyareinwardlynotwiththe
Muslims,letalonethosewhoantagonizethemfornothingexcepttheirdetestingtheDeenofAllahandHis
Messengerandtheybelieanddenywhatwasrevealedtothemessengers.TheyclaimtobeMuslimstofulfill
theirownwickeddesires.AllahhasexposedtheirmatteranddeclaredtheirKufr(disbelief)andmisguidance
theybecomeevenmoredisbelievingthanthosewhoopenlydeclaretheirKufr,andthatiswhytheywillgo
toHellandabidethereeternally
inthelowestplaceoftheFire.ThisiswhattheydeservebecausetheireviltowardstheIslamicfaithis
emphaticallyconfirmedandMuslimscanbedeceivedbytheirpretensionofbeingbrothersandsome
importantsecretsmightbedisclosedtothemwhichtheyexploittoharmMuslimsandbetraythem.Thatis
whytheirKufrismoresevereandtheirevilismoreharmful.Thesameappliestowhomeverclaimsto
believeinthesefundamentalsofImananddoesnotoffertheoutwardobligationsofIslamsuchastestifying
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thatthereisnodeityexceptAllahandMuhammadisHisMessenger,offeringSalah,Sawm(Fast),paying
Zakah,performingHajjorneglectingotheroutwardpracticesofIslamwhichAllahhasenjoined.Thisis
evidenceoftheirlackingImanoritsweakness.TheyarearriskforAllahmayrejecttheirFaithasitis
unanimouslyagreeduponthatImanisdeniedbynotofferingthetwotestimoniesofFaith.However,Iman
cannotbecompletelyrejectedfromaMuslim,rathertheirImanisnotperfectowingtotheirfallingshortin
certainobligationssuchasobservingSawm,performingHajjandpayingZakahalthoughhavingtheability
todosoandothermattersdefinedbythemajorityofscholars.Whoeverabandonssuchobligations,thenhe
isFasiq(someoneflagrantlyviolatingIslamiclaw)anddevoidofguidance,butnotaMurtad(apostate)
accordingtothemajorityofthescholarsaslongashedoesnotdenysuchobligations.Asfortheobligation
ofSalah,somescholarsheldtheviewthatneglectingitisaformofapostasyfromIslamevenifaperson
doesnotdenyitsobligationinaccordancewiththesoundestopinionamongscholarsbasedonmanyproofs
includingtheProphet'sstatement: Thatwhichdifferentiatesusfromthedisbelieversandhypocritesisourperformanceof
Salat.Hewhoabandonsit,becomesadisbeliever. CompiledbyAlImamAhmadAhlulSunan(authorsofHadith
compilationsclassifiedbyjurisprudentialthemes)withaSahihSanad(chainofnarrators)ontheauthorityof
BuraydahibnAlHaseeb(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim).OthersruledthattheabandonmentofSalahisKufr,
butnotKufrAkbar(amajordisbeliefthattakesoneoutofthereligionofIslam)ifthepersondoesnotdeny
itsobligation.Thismatterisanindependentrealmofstudybutourgoalhereistoexplainthatthereisno
IslamforonewithoutFaithandnofaithforonewithoutIslam.Theymutuallydefineeachother.As
previouslymentioned,theword"Islam"meanssubmissionandhumblenesstoAllahandHisOmnipotence
(mayHebePraised)whichisinrelationtotheoutwardsubmissionoftheservanttoHisLord.
Similarly,theword"Iman"isatermreferstotheMuslim'sinwardbeliefwhichAllah(GlorifiedandExalted
beHe)knows.Itisalsocalledsobecauseithastodowiththebeliefoftheheartwhichisassociatedwith
outwardobligationsthatreflectthisbelievingheart.Theyare,whenadheringtoandpracticing,
anindicationofthevalidityofIman.Conversely,whoeverdoesnotobservetheseoutwardobligations,this
designatesthattheyhavenoImanorweakIman.AccordingtoAhlulSunnahwalJamaàh(thoseadhering
totheSunnahandtheMuslimmainbody),ImaninitsgeneralityincludesIslamandviceverse,asAllah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Truly,thereligionwithAllhisIslm. ThisImanisincludedaccordingtothe
mainstreamMuslims.NoIslamwithoutImanandImanmeansguidance,Godfearing,andrighteousness.
Theseterms,evendifferent,refertothesamemeaningi.e.believinginAllahandHisMessengers,following
HisGuidance,abidingbytheteachingsofHisDeen.Furthermore,theword"Ihsan"ingeneralimpliesboth
ImanandIslambecauseitisconfinedtoAllah'sservantswhohaveperfectedtheirfaith.Inthesameway,if
oneofthethreewordsweresaidgenerally,theothertwoarenaturallyimplied.Thus,ifitissaidthatthe
Muhsinon(gooddoers)arethemostbelovedservantstoAllah,thenthisimpliesthattheyhaveperfected
theirIslamandIman,asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)states: anddogood.Truly,AllhlovesAlMuhsinn(thegooddoers).
Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: Truly,AllhiswiththosewhofearHim(keeptheirdutyuntoHim),andthosewhoare
Muhsinn(gooddoers.SeethefootenoteofV.9:120). TheMuslimwhoreachesthedegreeofIhsanmustmanifest
thisbytheirstrongIslamandIman,pietyandobservanceofAllah'sorders.Itisonlythenthathedeserves
toberankedasMuhsin,forIhsanisnotreachedunlessprecededwithsoundIslamandperfectIman.
Dearbrother,youshouldknowthatthewordMu'minon(believers)impliesthewordMuslims,becauseitis
morespecific,asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)states: andverily,Allhiswiththebelievers. Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)says:
Allhhaspromisedthebelievers,menandwomen,Gardensunderwhichriversflow .
Theword"Mu'min"refersonlytothosewhobelievewiththeirheartsandactaccordinglywiththeirbodily
organstodemonstratebeliefintheOnenessofAllah'sLordship.TheMu'minondeservestobecalledso
becauseoftheirbeliefwiththeheart,theirtrueIslam,theirobservanceofAllah'scommandsandnot
transgressingHisLimits.ThismeaningisindicatedbytheHadithofSa`dibnAbuWaqas(mayAllahbepleased
withhim) whenheaskedtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)whyhegavethebountiestocertainpeopleandexcludedothers,Sa`d
said:OMessengerofAllah,yougavesuchandsuchandexcludedsuchandsuch,andIthinktheyarebelievers.TheProphet(peace
beuponhim)said:OrMuslims.Sa`drepeatedhisquestionandtheProphetkeptsaying:OrMuslims. Toexplainitfurther,if
coupledtogether,ImanandIslamhavetwomeanings:aspecificmeaningandageneralone.Theword
"Muslim"ismoregeneralthantheword"Mu'min",accordinglyeveryMu'minisaMuslimbutnotviceverse.
Yet,whengenerallyandseparatelyspeaking,bothtermsmaybeusedinterchangeablyaspreviouslystated.
ThisisalsoindicatedintheProphet'sstatement: Faithhasoverseventybranches,oroversixtybranches,themost
excellentofwhichisthedeclarationthatthereisnoneworthyofworship(intruth)butAllah,andthehumblestofwhichistheremoval
ofwhatisinjuriousfromthepath:andmodestyisthebranchoffaith. (AgreeduponbyAlBukhariandMuslim).This
HadithcarriesthegeneralimplicationthatImanincludesIslam(submissivenesstoAllah),Huda(guidance),
Ihsan,Taqwa.Iman,whosemostexcellentexpressionisthatthereisnodeitybutAllah,andhumblestof
whichistheremovalofwhatisinjuriousfromthepaththisistheessenceofourDeenanditisIslamand
Iman.ThatiswhytheProphetstated: TheuppermostofalltheseistheTestimonyofFaith:"Lailahaillallah"(thereisno
trueGodexceptAllah). ItisknownthattheShahadah(TestimonyofFaith)thatthereisnodeitybutAllahisthe
firstpillarofIslamalongwithtestifyingthatMuhammadisHisMessenger.AllahmadethisShahadahthe
highestrankofIman,andassuch,itincludesinitsgeneralityIslam,itspillars,andtheobligationsrelatedto
it.Similarly,whenreferringonlytotheImaninAllahorinHimandHisMessenger,thisincludesallwhat
AllahPrescribedandHisMessengerconveyedwithregardtoSalah,Zakah,Sawm,Hajj,beliefinAngels,
Books,theprophets,
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theLastDay,andQadarwhethergoodorbad.Allofthesepillarsoffaithgoeswithintherealmofbelieving
inAllah.ThisalsoentailsbelievinginHisNames,Attributes,andHisExistenceastheLordoftheWorldsand
theOnlyOnedeservingworship.Notonlythis,butsuchImanisnotseparatedfrombelievinginwhatAllah
revealedorlegislated,whatHeprescribedforHisServants,asitalsoencompassesbelievinginall
Messengers,Angels,Books,Prophets,andallthatAllahandHisMessengerrevealed.
TheSunnahalsoconfirmthismeaningwhentheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)said: Say,"Iaffirm
myfaithinAllah"andthenbeupright. ItencompassesAllwhatAllahrevealedorlegislatedforHisServants.Allah
(GlorifiedbeHe)says: Verily,thosewhosay:OurLordisAllh(Alone),andthentheystandfirm i.e.theyacknowledged
thattheirLord,Creator,SustainerisAllahandtheirbeliefinHimurgedthemtoadheretoHisBookandthe
SunnahofHisProphet(peacebeuponhim).ItaDivineWaytomentionnarrativesandparablesinthe
Qur'andescribingthemindepthincertainversesandinbriefinothers,sothatwhoeverseeksknowledgeof
suchnarrativeswillreadthemeitherindetailorbriefwithnoconfusionforheknowsthateachpositionhas
itsownimplications.
Likewise,ImanismentionedseparatelyinsomeAyahs,andinothersalongwithsomeofitsprerequisitesor
branchestodesignatetheirimportanceandgreatness,asAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)states: Truly
thosewhobelieve,anddodeedsofrighteousness,andperformAsSalt(IqmatasSalt),andgiveZakt,theywillhavetheir
rewardwiththeirLord. Allah'ssaying: andperformAsSalt(IqmatasSalt),andgiveZakt areessentiallyincludedin
therealmofImanandgooddeedbutHementionedthemspecificallytohighlighttheirimportance.The
sameappliestoHisstatement: Therefore,believeinAllhandHisMessenger(Muhammad)andinthe
Light(thisQurn)whichWehavesentdown.
BelievinginAllahandHisMessengernaturallyincludesthebeliefintherevealedlightbutagainAllah
mentionedittoemphasizeitsgreatrank.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)states: ByAlAsr(thetime).
Verily,manisinloss, Exceptthosewhobelieve(inIslmicMonotheism)anddorighteousgooddeeds,andrecommendoneanother
tothetruth[i.e.orderoneanothertoperformallkindsofgooddeeds(AlMaruf)whichAllhhasordained,andabstainfromallkinds
ofsinsandevildeeds(AlMunkarwhichAllhhasforbidden],andrecommendoneanothertopatience(forthesufferings,harms,and
injurieswhichonemayencounterinAllhsCauseduringpreachingHisreligionofIslmicMonotheismorJihd). Followingthe
truthandrecommendingoneanothertopatienceareformsofgooddeedswhichreflectone'sIman.
Therefore,AllahmentionsofferinggooddeedsprecededbytheprerequisiteofImanasawayofapposition
ofthespecifictothegeneral.Similarly,Hementionedenjoiningoneanothertothetruthandpatienceafter
gooddeedsinthesameopposition,becausetheyarekindsofgooddeeds.Thus,theywerenotmentioned
inanotherAyahs.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)states: Verily,thosewhobelieve(inIslmicMonotheism)anddo
righteousgooddeeds,forthemareGardensofDelight(Paradise). Hedidnotmentionrecommendingoneanotherto
thetruthandpatience,astheyareincludedinHisstatement"andperformrighteousgooddeeds"andin
Imangenerally.WhenreferringtoImaningeneral,itincludesallthatAllahandHisMessengertoldofthe
pastandthefutureuntiltheendoftime,ontheDayofResurrection,andaboutJannah(Paradise)and
Hellfire.ItalsoencompassesallthatAllahandHisMessengerenjoinedandwhattheyforbade.Yet,Allah
(mayHebePraised)maymakespecialmentionofsomespecificgooddeedsorspecialmentionof
abandoningsomesinsasawayofemphasizingtheparticularafterthegeneral.Thesamegoestothe
fundamentalsofIman,astheyaresometimesmentionedaltogetherasinAllah'sstatement: ItisnotAlBirr
(piety,righteousness,andeachandeveryactofobediencetoAllh,etc.)thatyouturnyourfacestowardseast HereHe
mentionedfivearticlesoffaithandmentionedbelievinginAlQadarinotherAyahs.Allah(Glorifiedand
ExaltedbeHe)states: Verily,WehavecreatedallthingswithQadar(DivinePreordainmentsofallthingsbeforetheircreationas
writtenintheBookofDecreesAlLauhAlMahfz). and
NocalamitybefallsontheearthorinyourselvesbutitisinscribedintheBookofDecrees(AlLauhAlMahfz) OtherAyahs
stressthesamemeaning.AtotherpositionsoftheQur'an,Allahmentionsonlysomeofthem.
IntheProphet'sSunnahalsomentionsomeofthesearticlesoffaithalthoughtheyweredetailedinthe
HadithofJibril(Gabriel).InotherHadiths,onlybeliefinAllahwasmentionedsuchasthefollowingHadith:
Say,"IaffirmmyfaithinAllah"andthenbeupright. Likewise,someHadithsincludedonlythementionofImanin
AllahandtheLastDay,asbelievingimpliesbelievinginallthatAllahandHisMessengerinformedusof.He
whohasfaithinAllahandtheLastDay,thisImanwillleadhimtohastentofulfillallthecommandsofAllah
andHisMessengerandtorefrainfromwhattheyprohibited.Therefore,insomeAyahsandHadithsno
mentionwasmadewithregardtobelievinginAllahandtheLastDay,becausewhoeverbelievedtrulyand
sincerelyinAllahandtheLastDaywillbesteadfastinfulfillingwhatAllahhasobligated,abandoningwhat
Heforbade,andobservingHisLimits.Forexample,Allahsays: Verily!ThosewhobelieveandthosewhoareJewsand
Christians,andSabians,whoeverbelievesinAllhandtheLastDayanddoesrighteousgooddeedsshallhavetheirrewardwiththeir
Lord,onthemshallbenofear,norshalltheygrieve.
Thus,believingintheessentialprerequisitesofImanmentionedintheAyahisobligatory.Thosewhodonot
dothisaredisbelieversinAllahregardlessoftheirprofessedIslamandIman.Disbelievinginoneofthese
sixessentialpillarsoffaithoranyestablishedmattersofIslamrendersoneadisbelievereveniftheyadhere
tosomeofitsrulingsandtenets.CompleteImaninthisDeen(Islam)withallitslawsandteachingsis
obligatoryotherwisethosewhohaveincompleteorimperfectImanwillbeconsidereddisbelievers,asAllah
(ExaltedbeHe)states: Verily,thosewhodisbelieveinAllhandHisMessengersandwishtomakedistinctionbetweenAllhand www.ircpk.com
HisMessengers(bybelievinginAllhanddisbelievinginHisMessengers)saying,"Webelieveinsomebutrejectothers,"andwishto
adoptawayinbetween.
Hence,abelieverknowsthe
Theyareintruthdisbelievers.AndWehavepreparedforthedisbelieversahumiliatingtorment.
seriousnessofthesegreatandnecessaryfundamentals,andthatbelievinginAllahencompassesbelievingin
whatAllahandtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)informedusaboutHimself,HisNames,andAttributes.
Similarly,thisalsoincludesthebeliefinAllahastheLordoftheWorlds,theCreator,theSustainer,andthat
HeisperfectinHimself,HisNames,HisAttributesandHisacts.ThebelievermusthavefirmImanthatAllah
sentMessengers,revealedBooks,predestinedallmatters,andthatallthingsareknowntoHim(Exaltedbe
He)beforetheirexistenceasHeistheOmnipotentandHisKnowledgeencompasseseverything.Amongthe
mostconciseAyahsinthisregardisAllah'ssaying: Say(OMuhammad):"HeisAllh,(the)One.
"Allhu sSamad()[AllhtheSelfSufficientMaster,Whomallcreaturesneed,(Heneithereatsnor
drinks)]. "Hebegetsnot,norwasHebegotten. "AndthereisnonecoequalorcomparableuntoHim." Allah(Glorifiedbe
He)alsosays: ThereisnothinglikeHimandHeistheAllHearer,theAllSeer. Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: Soput
notforwardsimilitudesforAllh(asthereisnothingsimilartoHim,norHeresemblesanything).Truly!Allhknowsandyouknownot.
Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)says: DoyouknowofanywhoissimilartoHim? TherearesimilarAyahsindicatingthe
DivinePerfectionandthatHe(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)hasallAttributesofPerfectionandfarabove
attributesofimperfectionanddefectiveness.AsAllahinformedusaboutHimselfandasHisMessenger
Muhammad(peacebeuponhim)toldusthatHehastheMostBeautifulNamesandMostLoftyAttributes.
ItisprecribeduponeveryMu'mintobelieveineverythingstatedbyAllahandHisMessenger(peacebeupon
him)withregardstoAllah'sNamesandAttributesandacceptthemastheyarewithoutanymodification,
increaseordecreaserather,Muslimsmustacceptthem
asstatedbyAllahandHisProphetwithoutTahrif(distortionofthemeaning),Ta`til(denialofAllah's
Attributes),Takyif(questioningAllah'sAttributesorTamthil(likeningAllah'sAttributestothoseofHis
Creation).AMuslimmustfollowtheexampleoftherighteousSalaf(righteouspredecessors)inthisregard.
ThisincludestheAttributesthatAllahhasprovenforHimself,suchasthatofIstiwa'(Allah'srisingoverthe
ThroneinamannerthatbefitsHim),Allah'sdescendingtothelowerHeaven[inamannerthatbefitsHim],
Face,Hands,Mercy,Knowledge,Wrath,Will,andotherAttributeswhichAllahestablishedforhimselfas
mentionedintheQur'anortheSunnahofHisProphet(peacebeuponhim).Weareobligedtoascribesuch
AttributestoAllahasdidtherighteousSalaffromAhlulSunnahwalJamaàh(thoseadheringtothe
SunnahandtheMuslimmainbody)andtheMessengers(peacebeuponthem).Accordingly,weshould
believethatAllahhasrisenovertheThroneinawaythatbefitsHisGloryandMajesty,notasclaimedbythe
sectofJahmiyyah(adeviantIslamicsectdenyingsomeAttributesofAllah,claimingtheyareascribedtopeopleandcannotbe
ascribedtoAllah)thatHeseizedit,asAllahdoesnotstruggleagainstotherdeitiesratherHeisOmnipotent
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)andDominantoverall.However,Istiwa'isanattributeuniquetotheThrone
thatmeansrisingaboveandhigh,asAllahishighaboveHisCreationandhasraisedHimselfabovethe
ThroneinamannerbefittingHisSublimity.NoneofHisCreationresemblesHiminHisCreation,forHis
risingabovetheThroneisanestablishedmatter,assaidbyMalik(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim):The
Istawa'isknownandthemannerisuntoldtobelieveinitisobligatoryandtoaskaboutitisaBidàh
(innovation).ThiswasalsosaidbyRabiàhSheikhAlImamMalik(mayAllahbemercifulwiththem)andUm
S a l a m a h (mayAllahbepleasedwithher)andbelievedbyAhlulSunnahwalJamaàh.TheAttributesare
knownbuttherealmannerisunknownwhereasbelievinginthemisobligatory.Thisistheruleappliedtoall
AttributessuchasKnowledge,Mercy,Wrath,Face,Hands,Foot,Fingers,etc.AlltheAyahsandHadiths
conformwiththisfact.Likewise,weshouldbelieveinAlNuzul,i.e.theHadiththatdealswithAllah's
descendingtothelowerHeaven[inamannerthatbefitsHim]andascribesittoAllahinawaythatbefits
HimanditsrealityisknownonlytoHim.Hence,wemustbelievethatAllahdescendstothelowerheavenas
HewillsinamannerknownonlytoHim,andHisdescendingdoesnotcontradictHisLoftinessandHis
Istiwa',sinceHe(ExaltedbeHe)isnotsimilartoHiscreationinanyofHisAttributes.
ThesameappliestoHisIstiwa'ontheThronewhichdoesnotcontradictthatHisKnowledgeencompasses
everythingandthatHeisamongHisbelievingcreatureswithHisknowledgeandnothingisconcealedfrom
Him,asHeAllah(theExaltedand
Glorified)states AndHeiswithyou(byHisKnowledge)wheresoeveryoumaybe. ThisdoesnotcontradictHisLoftiness

andrisingaboveHisThrone,forAllahiswithuswithHisknowledgeasHeinformeduswithoutTahrifor
Takyif.Furthermore,AllahiswiththosewhoobeyHimwithHisKnowledge,protection,supportandby
grantingthemvictoryovertheirenemies.ThismeansthatAllah'sMaìyyah(accompaniment)isoftwo
typesageneralonewhichmeansthateveryoneisequalwithregardtoAllah'sKnowledgeasHesurrounds
themallinHisKnowledge,notonlythebelieversandaspecialaccompanimentwhichisconfinedtothe
prophetsandmessengers(peacebeuponthem)andthosewhohaveTaqwa(fearingAllahasHeshouldbe
feared),Iman,patience,andenduranceinobeyingAllahandobeyingHiscommandsandabstainingfrom
Hisprohibitions,asAllah(mayHebePraised)says: Iamwithyouboth,hearingandseeing. Allah(Glorifiedbe
He)says: Benotsad(orafraid),surelyAllhiswithus. Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: andbepatient.Surely,Allhis
withthosewhoareAsSbirn(thepatient). andthelikeAyahs.ThisspecialMaìyyahincludesprotection,support
fromAllah,andalsoHisKnowledgethatsurroundseverything,asHe(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)states:
AndHeiswithyou(byHisKnowledge)wheresoeveryoumaybe. www.ircpk.com
InuttercontrasttowhatisclaimedbyAlJahmiyyahandtheMu`tazilah(adeviantIslamicsectclaimingthatthosewho
commitmajorsinsareinastatebetweenbeliefanddisbelief)andthelikewhomaintainthatAllahiseverywhere
(exaltedbeHefaraboveanysuchthing).Allah(mayHebePraisedandExalted)isaboveHiscreaturesand
isseatedonHisThroneasHestated.HisKnowledgeencompasseseverywhereandHeisnotmixedwithHis
Creation(mayHebePraisedandExalted).Thus,AhlulSunnahwalJamaàhbelievethatImaninAllah
entailsbelievinginallwhatAllahandHisMessengerinformedusaboutHimwithregardtoHisNamesand
Attributes.ThisformsanessentialpillaroftheirÀqidah(creed),andaccordingly,theybelieveinAllahas
theirLordandtheonlyOneWhodeservestobeworshippedandthatHeisperfectinEssence,Names,
Attributes,andActions.Forthem,HeistheCreator,theSustainer,theGiver,AlKhafid(theAbaser),Al
Rafi`(theExalter)andotherAttributesofPerfection.AllahistheonlyOneworthyofworshipandHeisAll
Knowing,theSupremeCreator,andistheOnethatsustainsHisServantsforHeisOmnipotent.
AllsuchAttributesarenotsimilartothoseofHisCreatures,rathertheyareuniquetoHiminamannerthat
suitsHisSublimityasourattributesbefitus.Allah'sAttributesareeverlastingandperfectwhereasthe
servant'sareimperfectandvanishing.AllthisisrelatedtobelievinginAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
andbelievinginintheAngelsgenerallyandindetail.Specificallyspeaking,angelsareoftwotypesthefirst
isknowntousbecausetheywerementionedintheQur'anandaccordinglyweareobligedtobelieveinthem
andtheirnames,suchasJibril(Gabriel),Mikha'il(Michael)andIsrafeel(Seraph)andtheangelofdeath.The
secondtypeareangelsthatwemustbelieveinalthoughAllahdidnotmentionthemortheirnames,for
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)states: buthonouredslaves. TheyspeaknotuntilHehasspoken,andtheyactonHis
Command.
Theseangelsaregroupsofwhichsomeareassignedtorecordourdeeds,otherstravelthroughouttheearth
attendingcirclesofDhikr(RemembranceofAllah),otherstaketurnsamongusbydayandbynight,and
someholdtheThroneetc.ItisreportedintheSahih(authentic)Hadith: Everyday,seventythousandangelsvisitAl
BaytAlMa`mur(thehouseovertheheavensparalleltoKa`bah),andnevercomeagain. Thisindicatestheirgreatnumbers
andthatonlyAllahKnowshowmanytheyare.Hence,wemustbelieveinthemgenerallyandspecificallyas
honoredservants,nothumansorJinn,butascreaturescreatedfromlightasnarratedintheSahihHadith:
Angelswerecreatedfromlight,jinnswerecreatedfromasmokelessflameoffire,andAdamwascreatedfromthatwhichyouhave
beentold(i.e.soundingclayliketheclayofpottery). RelatedbyMusliminhisSahihontheauthorityofÀishah(may
Allahbepleasedwithher)fromtheProphet(peacebeuponhim).TheywereformedasAllahwilled.
Furthermore,theyhavetheirowndeedsandAttributeswhichbefitthemsomeofwhichareknownthrough
reportsintheSunnah,suchastheappearanceofJibrilindifferentformsorintheformwithwhichAllah
createdhimhavingsixhundredwings,andatothertimesintheformofanunknownpersonwhocameto
theProphet(peacebeuponhim)toinquireaboutmattersofIslamandIman,etc.
Toexplainfurther,theyareformedaccordingtoAllah'sWillandtheirappearanceisonlyknowntoAllah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)althoughtheyareknowntohavewingsasmentionedbyAllahinHisnoble
BookinSurahFatirandothermatterswhichAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)toldaboutintheQur'anand
Sunnah.Thus,weshouldcompletelybelieveinthemasfarastheirmentionednamesandattributesare
concerned,andgenerallyacceptthattheyareunknowntous,asaretheiraffairsandattributes.
ThesamegoestobelievinginalltheBookssentdownbyAllah,asthebelievergenerallybelievesinall
Allah'sbooksandthattheyareBookswhichAllahrevealeduponHismessengersandprophetswedonot
knowaboutbutwegenerallybelieveinthemandthatwhatwasrevealedinsuchBooksrefersonlytoAllah
(mayHebePraisedandExalted).However,someoftheseBooksweremadeknowntoussuchasAlTawrah
(Torah),Injil(Gospel),Zabur(BookrevealedtoProphetDawud[David])aswellasscripturesofIbrahim
(Abraham)andMusa(Moses)andtheGloriousBook,theQur'an.WeshouldbelieveinalltheseBookswhich
werementionedtous,andwithregardtothose,whichwerenotmentionedtous,wehavetobelievethat
AllahsentthemdowntoHismessengersandprophetswhichHeonlyknowsunlessthereisevidenceora
textfromtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)thatprovidesclarificationofsuchbooks.
WemustbelievegenerallyintheMessengersofAllahthatweresenttopeopletocallthemtoAllahandon
particularthosementionedintheQur'an.He(ExaltedbeHe)states: Andverily,WehavesentamongeveryUmmah
(community,nation)aMessenger(proclaiming):WorshipAllh(Alone),andavoid(orkeepawayfrom)Tght(allfalsedeitiesi.e.
donotworshipTghtbesidesAllh). Allahalsosays: AndWedidnotsendanyMessengerbeforeyou(OMuhammad
)butWerevealedtohim(saying):LilhaillaAna[nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutI(Allh)],soworshipMe
(Aloneandnoneelse)." Allah(ExaltedbeHe)hassentthemessengersasbearersofgladtidingsandwarners,
butknowingexactlythenumberofsuchmessengersandtheirnamesisamatteronlyknowntoAllah.Yet,it
isauthenticallyreportedintheHadithofAbuDharr,whichhassomeevidencefromtheHadithofAbuUmamah
andothersthatindicatethenumberofthemessengersismorethanthreehundredandtenbuttheIsnadof
suchHadithsisopenforquestions.
Asfortheprophets,itwasreportedinsomenarrationsthattheirnumberamountstoonehundredand
twentyfourthousandmessengers.Inanothernarration:onehundredandtwentythousandbutsomeofthe
Isnadsofsuchnarrationsarenotauthenticated.Todistill,thespecificnumberofprophetsandmessengersis
onlyknowntoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)alone(mayHebePraisedandExalted).Therefore,wehavetogenerally
believethattherearemessengersandprophetswhomAllahsenttomakethetruthknownandguidepeople www.ircpk.com
toit,asAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)states: NeverdidWesendaMessengeroraProphetbeforeyoubutwhenhe
didrecitetherevelationornarratedorspoke,Shaitn(Satan)threw(somefalsehood)init. .
Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosaid: Muhammad()isnotthefatherofanyofyourmen,butheisthe
MessengerofAllhandthelast(end)oftheProphets. Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsosaid: Indeed,Wehave
sentOurMessengerswithclearproofs,andrevealedwiththemtheScriptureandtheBalance(justice)thatmankindmaykeepup
justice. SuchAyahsmakeitabsolutelyclearthatthereweremanymessengersandprophetswhomAllahsent
andHeistheonlyOnethatknowstheirexactnumber.
ThisshouldformthebasisofourIman,whethergenerallyorindetail,astheyweresomanyandtheir
missionwassogreat.TheycalledtoTawhid(beliefintheOnenessofAllah/monotheism)forbadeShirk
(associatingotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship)elucidatedAllah'sShariàh(IslamicLaw)enjoined
whatAllahcommandedandforbadetheviolationofHisprohibitions.Thisisthesolegoaloftheirmission.
WeshouldbelieveinthosewhowerenamedintheQur'ansuchasNuh(Noah),Ibrahim,Musa,Èisa,
Dawud,Sulayman,Hud,Salih,andothersincludingAdam,foritisreportedinsomenarrationsfromAbu
Dharrandothersthatheisaprophetwhileothernarrationstellthatheisamessenger.Thereisnodoubtthat
itaShariàhwasrevealedtohimfromAllah,butitisnotknownwhetherheisaprophetsenttopeopleor
justaprophetwithnomessage.Thenarrationsdifferedinthisregard.ItisknownthatAdamisoneofthe
prophetsandthatitsShariàhwasrevealedtohim.ThisissupportedbytheHadithofthegatheringof
peopleontheDayofResurrectionwhenthebelieversapproachNuhsaying: ONuh,youarethefirstmessenger
Allahsentto
humankind. ThisisevidenceinsupportofthemissionofNuhandthatheisthefirstmessengerandthatAdamisaprophet.Yet,even
ifhewasamessenger,thismeansthathewasamessengertohischildrenunlikeNuhwhowassenttohispeoplewhowerebythen
theentirepopulationoftheearth.AsforAdam,hewassenttohisoffspringwithaspecificShariàhbeforeShirkprevailed.By
contrast,NuhwassenttohispeoplewhowerethewholepeopleonearthafterShirkdominatedandprevailed.Thus,thereisno
conflictwhenAdamisamessenger,iftheHadithissahih,andNuhisthefirstmessengertothepeopleoftheearth.
ThiscouldbesaidaboutthefifthpillarofImani.e.believingintheLastDaygenerallyandindetail.Weshouldbelieveintheexistence
oftheeventsoftheLastDaysuchasJannah,Hellfire,Sirat(thebridgeovertheFire),Mizan(theScalesforweighingdeeds)and
otherswhichwerenotmentionedindetailintheAyahsortheHadithsbutweareobligedtobelieveinitgenerally.
ThesameissaidaboutbelievinginAlQadar(Predestination),whichisthesixthfundamentalofIman,asweshouldbelieveinit
accordingtothetextsonthisregard.ItshouldbenotedthatbelievinginAlQadarincludesfourthingsasregardsthecreedofAhlul
SunnahwalJamaàh:
First:KnowingthatAllah(mayHebePraised)predestinedeverythingandthatHisKnowledgeencompasseseverything,asHe
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)states: Verily,AllhistheAllKnowerofeverything. ThisrefutestheclaimofextremistsofQadariyyah
(adeviantsectthatclaimsAllahhasnopoweroverHisCreationandhumansareindependentofHim)andMu`tazilahwhodenysuch
Knowledge.AlShafi`(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)said,"Debatethemwithknowledgeiftheyacknowledgeit,theyareovercome
andiftheydenyit,theydisbelieve.ThatisbecauseAlQadarmeansthatAllah'sKnowledgeencompasseseverything,asmatters
cannottakeplaceoutsideofHisKnowledge.OnceAllahpredestinedanddecreedallthingsandmatters,thereisnowaythattheycan
takeplaceinawaycontrarytoHisWillotherwisethiswouldindicateAllah'signoranceoftheiroccurrence(HighlyExaltedisAllah
abovetheirclaims!)
Ontheotherhand,iftheydenythisandsaythatAllah(mayHebePraised)doesnotknowthingsexceptafterthey
alreadyexist,thisisblatantKufr(disbelief)andaformofdisavowaltoAllah(mayHebePraised)andadescriptionofHimwithlackof
knowledge,andtherefore,whoeversaysthisisadisbeliever.
Second:Prewritingandrecordingofwhatwasandwhatwillhappen,asAllah(mayHebePraised)predestinedeverything.He
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: NocalamitybefallsontheearthorinyourselvesbutitisinscribedintheBookofDecrees(AlLauh
A lMahfz)beforeWebringitintoexistence.Verily,thatiseasyforAllh. He(mayHebePraised)alsosays: Knowyounotthat
Allhknowsallthatisintheheavenandontheearth?Verily,itis(all)intheBook(AlLauhalMahfz).VerilythatiseasyforAllh.
ThismeansthatAllahdecreedallthingsasindicatedbythetwomentionedAyahs.ThiswasalsoexpressedbytheProphet(peacebe
uponhim)intheHadithnarratedbyÀbdullahibnÀmribnAlÀs Allahhadrecordedthedecreesofthecreationfiftythousand
yearsbeforeHecreatedtheheavensandtheearth,asHisThronewasuponwater. RelatedbyMusliminhisSahih.
Allah'sPredestinationofmattersthatwereandthatwillbeissupportedbythetextsoftheQur'anandtheSunnah.Wehavetobelieve
thatAllahordainedeverything.NothingishiddenfromHim,HisKnowledgeencompasseseverything,andHeisomnipotentoverall
things.He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: thatyoumayknowthatAllhhaspoweroverallthings,andthatAllhsurroundsall
thingsin(His)Knowledge.
Third:Allah'sMashi'ah(Will),namelywhateverHewillshappensandwhateverHedoesnotwillneverhappens,andthatnothingtakes
placewithoutHisMashi'ah(DivineWill)thatwantedittohappenregardlessofpeople'swillandtheirdesireforacertainmatterto
occurornot.ThisBeliefisaprerequisiteforthevalidityofone'sIman.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)states: Towhomsoever
amongyouwhowillstowalkstraight.
Andyoucannotwillunless(itbe)thatAllhwillstheLordoftheAlamn(mankind,jinnandallthatexists). Allah(mayHeBe
Glorified)alsosays: Sowhosoeverwill(lethimreadit),andreceiveadmonition(fromit)! Andtheywillnotreceiveadmonition
unlessAllhwillsHe(Allh)istheOne,deservingthatmankindshouldbeafraidof,andshouldbedutifultoHim,andshouldnottake
anyIlh(god)alongwithHim,andHeistheOneWhoforgives(sins). Allah(mayHebePraised)hastheabsoluteandperfect
Mashi'ah,asHestates: Verily,HisCommand,whenHeintendsathing,isonlythatHesaystoit,"Be!"anditis! (mayHebePraised
andExalted). www.ircpk.com
Fourth:ThebeliefinAllah'sPowertocreateandmakethemexistasHehaspowerovereverything,theSupremeCreator,theAll
KnowerHecreatedallthingsandbroughtthemintoexistence.Thisappliestothepresentandthefuture.HeistheOmnipotentwith
nopartner,theCreator,theSustainer,andhaspoweroverallthings.He(mayHebePraised)states: AllhistheCreatorofall
things,andHeistheWakl(Trustee,Disposerofaffairs,Guardian)overallthings.
BelievinginalQadarincludesalltheaforementionedprerequisites.ItincludesImaninAllah'sKnowledgeofeverythingandHis
PredestinationthatwhateverHewillshappens,andwhateverHedoesnotwilldoesnothappen.Imanincludesalsothebeliefthat
AllahistheSupremeCreatorWhocreatedandcausedallthingstoexist(mayHebePraised).Thisrefuteswhoeverclaimsotherwise
f r o mMu`tazilahandothers.WhoeverdeniesAllah'sMashi'ahandclaimsthatthingshappenbeyondAllah'Will,thenherefusesto
accepttheOmnipotenceofAllahanddoesnotgiveHimHisduerespect.Hence,everybelievershouldhaveunquestionableImanthat
AllahispotentovereverythingandthateventsoccuraccordingtoHisCosmicWill.Yet,somepeopleareinattentiveofsucharticlesof
Imanwithwhichthemessengersweresent.Therefore,theyshouldbeeducatedaboutthemwithevidenceandtheyshouldknowthe
differencebetweenAllah'sDivinePredestinedUniversalWillmentionedinHisstatement: Verily,HisCommand,whenHeintendsa
thing,isonlythatHesaystoit,"Be!"anditis! and
DivineLegalWillwhichisnotapplicabletoallpeoplesuchasthedisbelieverswhichitismeantbyAllah'sstatement: Allhwishesto
makeclear(whatislawfulandwhatisunlawful)toyou,andtoshowyouthewaysofthosebeforeyou,andacceptyourrepentance .
ItisknownthatsomepeoplehavediedwhilebeingignorantofsomebasictenetsofImanandwithoutofferingTawbah(repentanceto
Allah).Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: Allhwishestolighten(theburden)foryou ThisistheLegalWill,becauseAllaheasedmatters
forsomepeopleandleftothers.ThismeansthatAllahwilled,lovedandsatisfiedwithitbutsomepeopleweremadetosucceedin
thatwhileothersfailed.ThisisexpressedinthesahihHadith: Allah,theExaltedwillsaytosomepagansontheDayofResurrection:
Wouldyouliketogoasransomifyouhadallwhatequalstoearthingold?Hewouldsay:Yes.Allahwouldsaytohim:Whenyouwere
intheloinsofAdam,IaskedyouforsomethingeasierthanthisthatyoushouldnotassociateanythingwithMe.Butyouassociated
withMeothers. AllmessengersconveyedthismessageofworshippingAllahaloneandforbiddingassociatingotherswithHimbut
mostpeoplerefusedandtookpartnerswithAllahinworshipanddidnotaccepttheDivineWill.Therefore,whoeverbelievesinthese
fourmattersofImanAllah'sknowledgeofallthingsHepredestinedthemtohappenHewilledthemtohappenandHeisthe
SupremeCreatorofallthings,thenhefullybelievesinQadarbutwhoeverfallsshortinthis,hisImanisimperfectandisnotfollowing
thecreedofAhlulSunnahwalJamaàhduetoimperfectbeliefinallmattersofQadar.
ThisbeliefinQadardoesnotnecessarilymeanthattheservantispredestinedwithoutafreewillorMashi'ahasafeathermoved
helplesslybythewindasclaimedbyQadariyyahwhoholdtheviewofPredestinationfromJahmiyyahandothers,ratherHumanbeings
havechoice,will,andvolition,
todiscerntruthfromfalsehood.Humanbeingshavechoice,will,andvolition,buttheseareonlyrealizedthroughAllah'sWill(Glorified
andExaltedbeHe),asHe(ExaltedbeHe)states: Towhomsoeveramongyouwhowillstowalkstraight. Andyoucannotwill
unless(itbe)thatAllhwillstheLordoftheAlamn(mankind,jinnandallthatexists).
HumanshavefreewillandarepredestinedfreebecauseAllah(mayHebePraised)gavethemminds,hearing,theabilitytochoose
andthewilltomanagetheirspiritualandworldlyaffairs.Theyhavewillsbywhichtheycanavoidsin,obeyAllah'scommandsor
disobeyHim,andgiveincharityornot.Inregardtobeingpredestined,thisoccursbecausehumanscannotescape,duetotheirwords
anddeeds,theDivineDecreeandtheWillofAllah(mayHebePraised).TheyhaveawillbutwhichcanonlyberealizedthroughAllah's
Will(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe),andthatiswhyAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)states: HeitisWhoenablesyoutotravel
throughlandandsea Bythat,itcouldbesaidthathumanbeingsarepredestinedandalsohavefreewillandeachpersonisledto
thatforwhichhehasbeencreated.Allahgiveshimthemindandthefreewilltoactashesolikes.Similarly,heispredestinedasfar
asAllah'sKnowledgeisconcernedandledtodoinggoodorbadaccordingtoAllah'sPredestinedWill,andassuch,hecannotdo
anythingcontrarytowhatAllahdecreedforhim.Inthisregard,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)stated: No,doperformgooddeeds,
foreveryoneisfacilitatedinthatforwhichhehasbeencreatedForthegooddeedsaremadeeasyfortheblessed,andbaddeeds
aremadeeasyforthewretched."ThenherecitedtheAyahs: Asforhimwhogives(incharity)andkeepshisdutytoAllhandfears
Him, AndbelievesinAlHusn. Wewillmakesmoothforhimthepathofease(goodness). andthenextverse.(Agreedupon
byAlBukhariandMuslim)fromtheHadithofÀliibnAbuTalib(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim).Thismakesitclearforabelieverto
differentiatebetweenthecreedoftheSalaf(righteouspredecessors)andthatoftheMu`tazilahandQadariyyahwhodeniedthecreed
ofPredestination,andAlQadariyyahwhoheldit.
AsforthefirstsectofQadariyyah,theywentsofarinprovingthePredestinationthattheysaid:Theservanthasnofreewill
orMashi'ahatall.Definitely,theywerewrongaboutthatalthoughtheywererightintheirprovingofAlQadar.
ConcerningthesecondsectofQadariyyahwhodeniedPredestination,theyalsowentfarinthatregardalthoughtheyacknowledged
thatthehumanbeinghasafreewillandfreechoicebuttheyseparateditfromAllah'sWill.Combiningthemeritsofbothsects,Ahlul
SunnahwalJamaàhholdthetrueopinionsandabandonedtheirfalsethoughts.
Hence,itisincumbentuponthosewhoseekAlHaqq(theTruth)iftheyrefutetheclaimsoftheiradversariestobefairindeclaring
whattheybenefitedfromthemandwhattheyavoided,tellingthemthatyousaidsoandsoandweagreewithyouinthisregardand
yousaidsoa n dsoandwedonotacceptthat.TheyshouldsaythattheyagreewiththeminbelievinginAlQadarbutopposetheir
sayingthatthehumanbeingispredestined,ashehasafreewillandafreechoice.ItshouldbesaidtothesesectsofMu`tazilahand
theirlikesthatweagreewiththesayingthatthehumanbeinghasafreewill,butnotconfirmingthatthiswillisnotrealizedthrough
Allah'sWillandthatHisMashi'ahisrelatedtoHisServant's.
ThisshouldbesaidtotheShiàh(Shi'ites)thatwearewithyouinyourloveAhlulBayt(membersoftheProphet'sextendedMuslim
family)andÀli(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim),andthatallgoodnessliesinfollowinghiswayasoneofthebestcompanionsofthe
MessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)ratherhewasthebestafterAlSiddiq,ÙmarandÙthman(mayAllahbepleasedwith
themall).However,wecontradictyouinyourclaimofhisinfallibilityorhisprecedencetotheCaliphateaftertheMessengerofAllah
astherearethreepersonsbeforehimmoredeservingofthishonor.Wearenotwithyouwithregardtoyourdeifyinghim,seekinghis
help,makingvowsforhim,andthelike.Ourdisputewithyouisbecauseyouwentfarfromtherighteouspath,althoughwestand
shoulderwithshoulderwithyouinlovingandreveringAlulBaytwhowerecommittedtoAllah'sShari'ah,invokingAllah'spleasureon
them,andwebelievethattheyarethebestofAllah'sCreationasstatedintheMessesngerofAllah'swill,ashesaidintheHadith
narratedbyZaydibnArqamcompiledinsahihMuslim: Iamleavingamongyoutwoweightythings:First:theBookofAllahinwhich www.ircpk.com
thereisrightguidanceandlight,soholdfasttotheBookofAllahandadheretoit...Hethensaid:Second:themembersofmy
household!Iremindyou(ofyourduties)tothemembersofmyfamily.
Thesameappliestoallothersects,asweaccepttheiropinionsthatagreewiththetruthandadmitthatforthem,andatthesame
timerefutetheir
devianceandfalsehoodthroughtextualandrationalevidence.Thus,itbecomessoclearthatthesesixfundamentalsarethemselves
thepillarsofthisDeenandwhichincludetheessentialtenetsofIslamandImanthatwhoeverabidesbytheircreed,inwordanddeed,
thentheyhaveperfectedtheirImanandaresavedfromhypocrisy.ThisisbecausesucharticlesoffaithobligetheMu'mintofulfill
whatAllahhasobligateduponthemandtheirbeliefinallthatAllahinformedusofinHisBookorthroughtheProphet(peacebeupon
him)Sunnah.WhoeverdeniesthesearticlesorsomeofthemisindeednotaMu'min.
Inshort,thesefundamentalsaregreatonesandbasicrulesforthisDinandshouldbeobservedandabidedbyinallconditions
avoidingwhatcontradictsthem.WhoeverclaimsanopinionordoesanactofdisbeliefproveshislackoftrueImaninthese
prerequisitesoffaithorsomeofthem,suchasabandoningSalah(Prayer),asthosewhoneglectSalahisutterlywithoutfaith,
accordingtothesoundestscholarlyopinionifhehastruefaith,itwillholdhimbackfromthissin.Accordingtothemostpreponderant
opinion,thepersonwhoneglectsSalahcommitskufrAkbar,fortheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Whatmakesoneadisbeliever
andapolytheistisabandoningprayers. RecordedbyMusliminhissahih.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)alsosaid: Thatwhich
differentiatesusfromthedisbelieversandhypocritesisourperformanceofSalat.Hewhoabandonsit,becomesadisbeliever.
Recordedby A lImamAhmadandAhlulSunan(authorsofHadithcompilationsclassifiedbyjurisprudentialthemes)withasahih
(authentic)Sanad(chainofnarrators)ontheauthorityofBuraydahibnAlHaseeb(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim).Likewise,whoever
showsdisrespecttoAllah(mayHebePraised)orHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)ordoesnotbelieveinwhatAllahtoldwith
regardtotheexistenceofJannah,Hellfire,andtheQur'an,thentheyaredisblieversaccordingtotheIjma`(consensus),becausesuch
mockinganddisrespectreflecttheirfalseImanorthattheyhavenoImanatallinthemduetosuchdeviance.
ThisisalsoapplicabletowhoeverdesecratestheMushaf(ArabicQur'an),blemishesitwithimpurity,orsitsuponitknowingthatitis
theBookofAllah.Thisindicatesthathehasnofaithatallratherheonlyclaimsthatotherwisehewouldnevercommitsuchacts
whichrenderoneadisbeliever.
Thosewhomockthemessengersordonotbelieveinthemaredisbelieversbecausebydoingso,theyadmittheirlackoftrueIman
andtheirfalselyclaimingtobebelievers.Thisappliestotheothermatterswhichpeopledo,suchasthepeopleofMusaylimahwho
believedthecalloftheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)andofferedSalahandSawm(Fast),butatthesametimethey
claimedthatMusaylimahisapartnerwiththeProphetinhismission.Accordingly,theywereunanimouslyrendereddisbelievers
accordingtothescholarsamongtheSahabahandthosewhocameafterthem,eventhoughtheyofferedSalah,Sawm,andsaidthat
MuhammadistheMessengerofAllah.OncetheybelievedthatMusaylimahisapartnerwithMuhammadinhismessage,thisalone
entailedtheirKufr,astheyafterwardsdeniedAllah'sstatement: Muhammad()isnotthefatherofanyofyour
men,butheistheMessengerofAllhandthelast(end)oftheProphets. anddeniedthesahihandMutawatirHadithsthatproveour
ProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)astheSealofprophetsandmessengers.
A l s otheQadyanisandthoseamongthemwhobelievedthatGhulamAhmadwasaprophettowhomtherewasacertainmessage
revealedbyAllah,wereregardedashavingcommittedKufrAkbar,becausetheyaredisbelieversofAllahandHisMessenger,evenif
theyofferedSalah,SawmandclaimedthemselvesasMuslims.ThosewhoalsodidnotbelievethattheJannahorHellfireexist,and
thattheHellfireisnotaplaceoftormentforitsdwellersbutablessingforthemasstatedbyIbnÀrabi,thedeviantwhoisknownfor
pantheism.Undoubtedly,thisisarejectionofwhatAllah'sBookortheSunnahofHisProphetmentionedaswellastheIjmaòf
scholarsthattheHellfireisaplaceoftorment,notpleasure,asapunishmentfortheirneglectofwhatAllahenjoineduponthemand
committingwhatHeforbadeinadditiontodisbelievinginwhatthemessengerscalledto.TheQur'anhasmanyAyahsindicatingthat
thedisbelieverswillbepunishedwithtormentintheHellfire.Nobodycandenythisexceptastubborn,arrogant,andignorantperson
whoistotallyunawareofwhatthemessengersweresentwithorwithnomindatall.
ThismakesitclearthatevidenceofIslamicmattersisderivedfromtheQur'anandtheSunnahaccordingtowhatAllahandHis
MessengertoldaswellastheauthenticallyreportedwordsfromtheSalafofthisUmmah(nation).Whoeverrefusesthisandclaims
whatcontradictsthesefundamentalsofImandeviatesfromtheStraightPathandtheirclaimisfalse.
IaskAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)tograntusagoodunderstandingofHisBookandtheSunnahofHisProphet,andtobestow
uponusandallMuslimstheblessingoftrueImanandgooddeed.MayAllahmakeussteadfastinadheringtotheTruthuntilwemeet
Him(mayHebePraised)!Indeed,HeisAllHearerandResponsive!MaypeaceandblessingbeuponHisServantandMessenger,our
Prophet,hisFamily,Companions,andthosewhofollowedhiminrighteousness!
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AllahacceptsnootherreligionthanIslam
AllpraisebetoAllahandpeaceandblessingsbeupontheMessengerofAllah,andhisfamilyand
Companions,andwhoeverisguidedbyhisguidance.Ireadwhatwaspublishedinissueno.5785ofthe
" A lMadinah"newspaperon10RabiThany,1403A.H.andtheanswersgivenbysomewriterstoquestions
askedintheEuropeanmagazine:"LeVivaRomavzin".AndIfoundthefollowingparagraph:Thereisa
conflictbetweenChristianityandIslam,whichIpersonallycondemn,butIhavenoticedthatsomeChristian
missionaries,whodelivertheirspeechesinThirdWorldcountries,distributepublicationsthatcriticizeIslam.
IalsoknowthatsomeMuslimpreachersprintanddistributepublicationsthatcriticizeChristianity.Thisis
veryregretful,asIslamandChristianityaretworevealedreligionsandwebothbelieveinoneGod.
Consequently,weshouldavoidallconflictsbetweenourtworeligionsandworktocreateanunderstanding
betweenMuslimsandChristianstoservehumanity.Endquote.
Asthesewordscontainobviousmistakesandgeneralizations,itisincumbentuponme,andotherslikeme,
todrawattentiontothesemistakes,whichareinviolationofthepurifiedShariah(DivineLaw).I,therefore,
assertthattheconflictbetweenIslamandfalsereligions,suchasJudaism,Christianity,Buddhismand
others,hascontinuedfromthetimeofProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)upuntilnow.Islam
criticizestheJewsandChristians,condemnstheiruglyactionsandspeaksoutagainsttheirKufr(disbelief)to
warnMuslimsofthem.
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says(whatmeans), TheJewssay:AllhsHandistiedup(i.e.Hedoesnotgiveand
spendofHisBounty).Betheirhandstiedupandbetheyaccursedforwhattheyuttered. Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
alsosays: Indeed,Allhhasheardthestatementofthose(Jews)whosay:Truly,Allhispoorandwearerich!Weshallrecord
whattheyhavesaidandtheirkillingoftheProphetsunjustly AndinthefollowingAyahs(Quranicverses): Surely,they
havedisbelievedwhosay:"AllhistheMessiah[Is(Jesus)],sonofMaryam(Mary)." , Surely,disbelieversarethosewhosaid:
Allhisthethirdofthethree(inaTrinity). TherearemanyotherAyahsthatcensuretheJewsandChristians,andwarn
againsttheirfalsebelief.Also,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)saysaboutMushriks(thosewhoassociatesotherswith
AllahinHisDivinityorworship),suchastheBuddhistsandothers: AnddonotmarryAlMushrikt(idolatresses,etc.)till
theybelieve(worshipAllhAlone).Andindeedaslavewomanwhobelievesisbetterthana(free)Mushrikah(idolatress),eventhough
shepleasesyou.Andgivenot(yourdaughters)inmarriagetoAlMushrikntilltheybelieve(inAllhAlone)andverily,abelieving
slaveisbetterthana(free)Mushrik(idolater),eventhoughhepleasesyou.Those(AlMushrikn)inviteyoutotheFire,butAllh
invites(you)toParadiseandForgivenessbyHisLeave,andmakesHisAyt(proofs,evidence,verses,lessons,signs,revelations,etc.)
cleartomankindthattheymayremember. AndHe(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Verily,thosewhodisbelieve(inthereligionof
Islm,theQurnandProphetMuhammad)fromamongthepeopleoftheScripture(JewsandChristians)andAl
MushriknwillabideintheFireofHell.Theyaretheworstofcreatures. AndHe(ExaltedbeHe)says: Andwhoeverseeksa
religionotherthanIslm,itwillneverbeacceptedofhim,andintheHereafterhewillbeoneofthelosers.
TherearemanyotherAyahswiththesamemeaning.ItwasauthenticallyreportedthattheMessengerof
Allah(peacebeuponhim)said, MayAllahcursetheJewsandtheChristianstheymadethegravesoftheirprophetsplaces
ofworship. (AgreeduponbyAlBukhariandMuslim)Also,itwasnarratedintheTwoSahih(authentic)Books
ofHadith(i.e.AlBukhariandMuslim)ontheauthorityofAishah(mayAllahbepleasedwithher), UmHabibah
andUmSalamah(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemboth)toldtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)aboutachurchwhichtheysawin
Abyssinia(Ethiopia)andthepicturesthatwereinit.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said,Ifarighteousmanamongstthosepeople
dies,theybuildaplaceofworshiponhisgrave,andputthosepicturesinit.
ThesearetheevilestcreaturesintheSightofAllah. ThesearemanyotherHadithwiththesamemeaning.TheJewsabidedbythe
S h a r i ah(Divinelaw)oftheTawrah(Torah).ButafterMusa(Moses,peacebeuponhim)died,theychanged,alteredanddistortedit,
andtheydividedintoseventyonesectsallofwhichareintheFire,exceptonethetruefollowersofMusa(peacebeuponhim).Also,
whenAllah(ExaltedbeHe)sentIsa(Jesus)withtheShariahoftheTawrahandrevealedtheInjil(Gospel)tohim,makinglawfulto
theJewssomeofwhathadbeenforbiddentothemandclarifyingtothemsomeofwhattheyhaddifferedover,theJewsdisbelieved
init,andbeliedIsa(peacebeuponhim)accusinghimofbeingthesonofaprostitute.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)beliedthemanddeclared
theirKufr(disbelief),andHerevealedconcerningthemHisSaying: Becauseoftheirbreakingthecovenant,andoftheirrejectingthe
Ayt(proofs,evidence,verses,lessons,signs,revelations,etc.)ofAllh,andoftheirkillingtheProphetsunjustly UntilHisSaying:
Andbecauseoftheir(Jews)disbeliefandutteringagainstMaryam(Mary)agravefalsecharge(thatshehascommitted
illegalsexualintercourse) Andbecauseoftheirsaying(inboast),"WekilledMessiahIs(Jesus),sonofMaryam(Mary)
LikewisetheChristians,whenAllah(ExaltedbeHe)raisedIsa(peacebeuponhim)totheheavens,disagreedoverthatanddivided
intoseventytwosectsallofwhichshallbeintheFire,exceptonethosewhotrulybelievedinMusa,Isa,andalltheprevious
prophetsandMessengers(peacebeuponthemall).WhenAllah(ExaltedbeHe)commissionedHisProphetMuhammad(peacebe
uponhim),alltheJewsandChristians,exceptafew,beliedhim,andtherebybecameKafirs(disbelievers)duetotheirbelyingof
Muhammad(peacebeuponhim)anddenyinghisMessage.Allah(ExaltedbeHe),therefore,criticizedandcensuredthemforthis,and
threatenedthemwithpunishmentandtheFire.He(ExaltedbeHe)alsodeclaredtheJewsandChristianstobeKafirs,becausethe
JewssaidthatUzayr(Ezra)isthesonofAllahwhiletheChristianssaidthatAllahisIsathesonofMaryam,andtheirsayingthatAllah
isthethirdofthethree(inaTrinity)andtheMessiahisthesonofAllah.Itis,therefore,obligatoryonthepeopleofIslamtodeclare
theKufrofthosewhomAllahandHisMessengerdeclaredtobeKafirs,andtoexposetheirfalsehoodandwarnMuslimsagainsttheir
schemes.ThereligionsoftheJewsandtheChristianshavebecomevoidreligions,itisthereforenotpermissibletoadheretoorabide www.ircpk.com
bythem.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)abrogatedthembysendingHisProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)andordainedhumansand
JinntofollowhimandadheretohisShariah.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says:
andMyMercyembracesallthings.That(Mercy)IshallordainforthosewhoaretheMuttaqn(thepiousSeeV.2:2),andgive
ZaktandthosewhobelieveinOurAyt(proofs,evidence,verses,lessons,signsandrevelations,etc.) Thosewhofollowthe
Messenger,theProphetwhocanneitherreadnorwrite(i.e.Muhammad)whomtheyfindwrittenwiththeminthe
Taurt(Torah)(Deut,xviii15)andtheInjeel(Gospel)(Johnxiv,16),hecommandsthemforAlMarf(i.e.IslmicMonotheismand
allthatIslmhasordained)andforbidsthemfromAlMunkar(i.e.disbelief,polytheismofallkinds,andallthatIslmhasforbidden)
heallowsthemaslawfulAtTayyibt(i.e.allgoodandlawfulasregardsthings,deeds,beliefs,persons,foods),andprohibitsthemas
unlawfulAlKhabith(i.e.allevilandunlawfulasregardsthings,deeds,beliefs,personsandfoods),hereleasesthemfromtheir
heavyburdens(ofAllhsCovenantwiththechildrenofIsrael),andfromthefetters(bindings)thatwereuponthem.Sothosewho
believeinhim(Muhammad),honourhim,helphim,andfollowthelight(theQurn)whichhasbeensentdown
withhim,itistheywhowillbesuccessful. ThesetwoAyahsexcludetheJews,Christians,Buddhists,andallMushriksfromIslamand
fromattainingsuccess,astheydonotpossessthecharacteristicswithwhichAllahdescribesthosewhowillbesuccessful.Noneof
themsupportedhimorfollowedthelight(theQuran)whichhasbeensentdownwithhimtheywereallhostiletohim,exceptthose
whomAllahhasguidedfromamongthem,whowillbewiththesuccessfulMuslims.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)saysafter
thosetwoAyahs: Say(OMuhammad):"Omankind!Verily,IamsenttoyouallastheMessengerofAllhto
Whombelongsthedominionoftheheavensandtheearth.LilhaillaHuwa(nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutHe).ItisHe
Whogiveslifeandcausesdeath.SobelieveinAllhandHisMessenger(Muhammad),theProphetwhocan
neitherreadnorwrite(i.e.Muhammad),whobelievesinAllhandHisWords[(thisQurn),theTaurt(Torah)
andtheInjeel(Gospel)andalsoAllhsWord:"Be!"andhewas,i.e.Is(Jesus)sonofMaryam(Mary),],andfollow
himsothatyoumaybeguided." InthisAyah,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)explainsthatHesentHisMessenger,Muhammad(peacebeupon
Him),toallpeople,ArabsandnonArabs,menandwomen,Jinnandhumans,richandpoor,rulersandsubjects.He(ExaltedbeHe)
alsoclarifiesthatthereisnoguidanceexceptforthosewhobelieveinandfollowtheProphet.Thisshowsthatallthesectsthatdonot
believeinhim(peacebeuponhim)anddonotfollowhimareKafirsandastray.
ItwasauthenticallyreportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Theprophetusedtobesentjusttohisownpeople,butI
havebeensenttoallpeople. (AgreeduponasSahih[Hadiththathasbeentransmittedbypeopleknownfortheiruprightnessand
exactitudefreefromeccentricityandblemish]byAlBukhariandMuslim)Itwasrelatedin:"SahihMuslim"thattheProphet(peacebe
uponhim)said, BytheOneinWhoseHandisthesoulofMuhammad,noonefromthisnation,whetheraJeworaChristian,hears
ofmeandthendiesnotbelievinginthatwithwhichIhavebeensent,butwillbeone
ofthepeopleoftheFire. TherearemanyotherAyahswiththissamemeaning.WhatevertruththeShariahoftheTawrahandInjil
contained,theShari ahofMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)alsocontainsitorwhatisbetterandmoreperfectthanit,asAllah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Thisday,Ihaveperfectedyourreligionforyou,completedMyFavouruponyou,andhavechosen
foryouIslmasyourreligion. islamistheDin(religion)ofalltheMessengersasAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Truly,
thereligionwithAllhisIslm. AndHe(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: AndwhoeverseeksareligionotherthanIslm,itwill
neverbeacceptedofhim,andintheHereafterhewillbeoneofthelosers.
DuringthetimeofNuh(Noah,peacebeuponhim),IslamwasbelievinginAllah,professingTawhid(beliefintheOnenessofAllah/
monotheism),making Ibadah(worship)pureandsinceretoHimAlone,believinginNuh(peacebeuponhim),andfollowinghis
Message.Likewise,duringthetimesofHud,Salih,Ibrahim(Abraham),andtheprophetswhocameafterthemuntilandincluding
Musaand Isa(peacebeuponthemall),theDinwasTawhid,beingsinceretoHim,believingintheMessengerwhomAllahhad
commissioned,andfollowingtheMessagehecamewith.WhenAllahsentHisProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim),theIslam
thatAllahacceptsbecametheoneHedivinelyrevealedtoHisProphet,Muhammad(peacebeuponhim),whichisbeliefinAllah,
professionofTawhid,sincerityinIbadahtoHim,beliefinHisMessenger,Muhammad(peacebeuponhim)andwhatwasrevealedto
him,i.e.theQuranandtheSunnah,andbeliefinthoseprophetsandMessengerswhowerecommissionedbeforehim.Whoever
followshimandbelievesinwhathecamewithisaMuslim,andwhoeverdeviatesfromthataftertheyhaveheardtheDawah(Callto
Islam)isaKafir.ItisthedutyofMuslimstoinvitepeopletoAlHaqq(theTruth),explainIslamanditsmerits,showitsrealitytoall
peopleinthelanguagestheyunderstand,inordertoconveytheMessageofAllahandHisProphet.Theymustalsoexposeandrefute
thesuspicionsthatareraisedbytheenemiesofIslamagainstIslam,andexplaintheirfalsenessusingtextualandrationalevidence.
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)hasobligatedallMuslimstosupportHisDinandHisMessenger,Muhammad(peacebeuponhim).
He(ExaltedbeHe)hasinformedthattherewillbenosalvationorsuccess,exceptforthosewhosupportandfollowAlHaqq.
Accordingly,itisknownthatcriticizingtheChristianitythathasbeenattributedtoasocalledsonofAllah,clarifyingitsfalsehoodandit
beingaDinthathasbeenchangedanddistortedbythepeople,andlaterabrogatedbysendingProphetMuhammad(peacebeupon
him)andhisShari ahisobligatoryonMuslims.ChristianityisnolongerarightDinforusoranyonethetrueDinthatshouldbe
embracedbyMuslimsandallpeopleistheIslamwithwhichAllahsentProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim).Muslimsare
enjoinedtoinviteotherstotheirreligion,defendit,andshowthefalsityofallreligions,includingJudaismandChristianity,except
Islam.Bydoingso,theyareinvitingpeopletoAlHaqqandJannah(Paradise),whileothersareinvitingpeopletotheFire.Allah
(ExaltedbeHe)forbadeourmentomarryMushrikwomenandourwomentomarryMushrikmen,saying: Those(AlMushrikn)
inviteyoutotheFire,butAllhinvites(you)toParadise
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)isinvitingpeopletoJannahandForgiveness,andtothegooddeedsthatleadtowinningthem,andsodidHis
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)andsoshouldtheMuslimswhoarewellinformedaboutIslam,whoshouldcallotherstoitusingclear
evidence.AstotheKafirs,theyareonlyinvitingpeopletoHellfirewiththeirbooks,publications,andmassmedia.Accordingly,it
becomesclearthatitistotallyimpermissibletosay,IslamandChristianityaretworevealedreligions,asChristianityisnolongera
divinelyrevealedreligion,asithassufferedchangeanddistortion.Thetruththatwasleftofitwasthenabrogatedbytheguidance
andthereligionoftruththatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)revealedtoHisProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim).Asforthewriterssaying,
webothbelieveinoneGod,thisisonlyappliestotheMuslims,astheybelievein,worship,andobeytheoneGod,Allah(Glorified
andExaltedbeHe),theLordandCreatoroftheheavens,theearth,andeverything.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)saysinHisTruthClarifying
Book: AndyourIlh(God)isOneIlh(GodAllh),LilhaillaHuwa(thereisnonewhohastherighttobeworshippedbutHe),the
MostGracious,theMostMerciful.
AndHe(mayHebePraised)saysinHisBook: IndeedyourLordisAllh,WhocreatedtheheavensandtheearthinSixDays,and
thenHeroseover(Istaw)theThrone(reallyinamannerthatsuitsHisMajesty).Hebringsthenightasacoverovertheday,seeking
itrapidly,and(Hecreated)thesun,themoon,thestarssubjectedtoHisCommand.Surely,HisistheCreationandCommandment. www.ircpk.com
BlessedisAllh,theLordoftheAlamn(mankind,jinnandallthatexists)! AndHe(mayHebePraised)says: Allh!Lilhailla
Huwa(nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutHe),AlHayyulQayyum(theEverLiving,theOneWhosustainsandprotectsallthat
exists).NeitherslumbernorsleepovertakesHim.ToHimbelongswhateverisintheheavensandwhateverisontheearth.Whoishe
thatcanintercedewithHimexceptwithHisPermission?Heknowswhathappenstothem(Hiscreatures)inthisworld,andwhatwill
happentothemintheHereafter.AndtheywillnevercompassanythingofHisKnowledgeexceptthatwhichHewills.HisKursextends
overtheheavensandtheearth,andHefeelsnofatigueinguardingandpreservingthem.AndHeistheMostHigh,theMostGreat.
[ThisVerse2:255iscalledAyatulKurs] AndHe(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Say(OMuhammad):"He
isAllh,(the)One. "AllhusSamad()[AllhtheSelfSufficientMaster,Whomallcreaturesneed,
(Heneithereatsnordrinks)]. "Hebegetsnot,norwasHebegotten. "AndthereisnonecoequalorcomparableuntoHim." As
f o rtheJewsandChristians,theyassociateotherswithAllahinworshipanddonotworshiponeGodasAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says:
Surely,disbelieversarethosewhosaid:Allhisthethirdofthethree(inaTrinity).ButthereisnoIlh(god)(nonewhohasthe
righttobeworshipped)butOneIlh(GodAllh). AndHe(mayHebePraised)says: AndtheJewssay:Uzair(Ezra)isthesonof
Allh,andtheChristianssay:MessiahisthesonofAllh.Thatistheirsayingwiththeirmouths,resemblingthesayingofthosewho
disbelievedaforetime.AllhsCursebeonthem,howtheyaredeludedawayfromthetruth! They(JewsandChristians)tooktheir
rabbisandtheirmonkstobetheirlordsbesidesAllh(byobeyingtheminthingswhichtheymadelawfulorunlawfulaccordingtotheir
owndesireswithoutbeingorderedbyAllh),and(theyalsotookastheirLord)Messiah,sonofMaryam(Mary),whilethey(Jewsand
Christians)werecommanded[intheTaurt(Torah)andtheInjeel(Gospel)]toworshipnonebutOneIlh(GodAllh)Lilhailla
Huwa(nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutHe).PraiseandglorybetoHim(faraboveisHe)fromhavingthepartnersthey
associate(withHim)." IntheseAyahs,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)clarifiesthattheJewsandChristiansworshippedmanygods,including
theirrabbisandmonks.TheJewsalsoworshippedUzayrwhomtheyclaimedtobethesonofAllah,whiletheChristiansworshipped
IsathesonofMaryamwhomtheyclaimedtobethesonofAllah.
AllofthemwereorderedtoworshiponlyoneGod,Allah(ExaltedbeHe),WhoistheCreatorandLordofallthingsGlorifiedand
ExaltedisHeaboveallthatwhichtheyassociateaspartnerswithHim.Accordingly,itisnotpermissibletosayaboutIslamand
Christianityasthewritersaidinhisarticle."Weshouldavoidallconflictsbetweenourtworeligions,"becauseChristianityisnota
religionforus,Islamisouronlyreligion.Christianity,aswasstatedpreviously,hasbecomeaninvalidreligion,andthetruththatwas
initiseitherincludedintheShariahrevealedtoMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)oritcamewithwhatisbetterandmoreperfect
thanit.Muslims,therefore,acceptitforbeingpartoftheIslamthatAllahrevealedtoourProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)
andnotbecauseitwasstatedintheTawrahorInjilrather,becauseourIslamicShariahincludesandenjoinsit.
Withthesebriefwords,Iwantedtoclarifywhatwaswrittenbythiswriterandwarnofthemistakesthatwerementionedbyhim,for
fearthatpeoplemayhavebeendeceivedbyhisarticle.Thisismydischargeofthedutyofsincereadvising,asAllah(mayHebe
exalted)obligesallMuslims,especiallythepeopleofknowledge,togiveadvice.ItwasreportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
s a i d , TheDinissincerity.Theysaid,Towhom,OMessengerofAllah?Heanswered,ToAllah,HisBook,HisMessenger,andthe
Imams(leaders)ofMuslimsandtheircommonpeople. (RelatedbyMusliminhis"Sahih")Also,itwasnarratedintheTwoSahih
BooksofHadithontheauthorityofJariribnAbdullahAlBajalywhosaid, IgavetheoathofallegiancetotheProphet(peacebeupon
him)pledgingto:performSalah(Prayers),payZakah(obligatorycharity),andbesinceretowardseveryMuslim. Also,Igaveittobe
savedfromthesinofconcealingtruthagainstwhichAllah(ExaltedbeHe)warnssaying: Verily,thosewhoconcealtheclearproofs,
evidenceandtheguidance,whichWehavesentdown,afterWehavemadeitclearforthepeopleintheBook,theyaretheones
cursedbyAllhandcursedbythecursers. Exceptthosewhorepentanddorighteousdeeds,andopenlydeclare(thetruthwhich
theyconcealed).These,Iwillaccepttheirrepentance.AndIamtheOneWhoacceptsrepentance,theMostMerciful.
IaskAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)tohelpusall,thewriterofthearticle,andalltheMuslimstounderstandandremainfirmon
HisDin,andgiveadvicetoAllahsServants.Also,wesupplicatetoAllahtoprotectusfromtheevilsofourselves,thewickednessof
ourdeeds,andspeakingaboutHimorHisProphetwithoutknowledge.PeaceandblessingsbeuponourProphetMuhammad,andhis
familyandallhisCompanions.
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Conditionsofsaying:"LailahaillaAllah"
Q:Whataretheconditionsofsaying:"LailahaillaAllah(thereisnodeitybutAllah)",andisit
sufficienttosayitwithoutunderstandingitsmeaninganditsconsequences?
A : Itisnecessarytounderstandandrealizetheword("LailahaillaAllah")."Lailahailla
Allah"isthebestofwordsandthebasisoftheDin(religionofIslam).Withittheprophets
(peacebeuponthem)startedtheirmissionofguidingtheirpeopleandthefirstthingthatthe
Messenger(peacebeuponhim)calledhispeopletosaywas:"LailahaillaAllah"sothatthey
maysucceedandprosper.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: AndWedidnotsendanyMessengerbeforeyou(O
Muhammad ) butWerevealedtohim(saying):LilhaillaAna[nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutI
(Allh)],soworshipMe(Aloneandnoneelse)." EveryMessengersaidtohispeople: WorshipAllh!Youhaveno
ItistheessenceoftheDintherefore,theonesayingitmustunderstandits
otherIlh(God)butHim.
meaning,asitmeansthatthereisnotruegodtobeworshippedexceptAllah.Ithascertain
conditions,andtheyare:knowledgeofitsmeaning,certaintyandlackofdoubtoveritstruth,
sinceritytoAllahAloneinthisregard,faithfulnessintheheartandonthetongue,lovefor
whatitindicatesofsinceritytoAllahandacceptanceofthisandsubmissiontoHim,Tawhid
(beliefintheOnenessofAllah/monotheism),renunciationofShirk(associatingotherswith
AllahinHisDivinityorworship)anddisavowaloftheworshipofanyotherthanAllah,and
beliefinthefalsityofsuchworship.Alltheseareamongtheconditionsofsaying:"Lailaha
i l l aAllah",andthevalidityofitsmeaning.Thebelievingmanandwomansayit,renouncing
withittheworshipofanyotherthanAllah,anddeclaringsubmissiontoAlHaqq(theTruth),
acceptanceofit,loveforAllah,beliefinHisOnenessandsinceritytoHim,whileharboringno
doubtofitsmeaning.Forsomepeoplesayitwithoutbelievinginit,suchasthehypocrites,
whosayitalthoughdoubtingordenyingit.
Itisnecessarytohaveknowledge,certitude,truthfulness,sincerity,love,submission,
acceptance,andrepudiation.Theseconditionsareincludedinthefollowinglinesofverse:
Knowledge,certainty,sincerity, love,submission,and
andtrustfulnesswith acceptanceofit
Andaneighthisyourdenialof otherthanAllahbeingdeified
anything
MaythepeaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponourProphetMuhammad,andhisfamilyand
Companions.
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ImportantRemarks
onthewrittingsofshaykhMuhammadÀliAlSabuny
OntheAttributesofAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
PraisebetoAllah.PeaceandblessingsbeuponAllah'sMessenger,hisfamily,Companions,andwhoever
followshim.
IhavelookedintotheinterviewwhichAlMujtama`(Society)MagazinemadewithHisEminence,shaykh
MuhammadÀliAlSabuny,publishedinissueno.613,dated7JumadaThany,1403A.H.).Ihavealsolooked
intohissixarticlespublishedinAlMujtama`Magazine,issuesno.627(dated17Ramadan,1403A.H.),no.
628(dated24Ramadan,1403A.H.),no.629(dated9Shawwal,1403A.H.),no.630(dated16Shawwal,
1403A.H.),no.631(dated31Shawwal,1403A.H.),andno.646(dated17Safar,1404A.H.).They
includedmistakes,HisEminence,Dr.SalihibnFawzanAlFawzancriticizedinhisarticlepublishedinAlDa`wah
Magazine,issue15,no.904(dated29Shawwal,1403A.H.),andinAlMujtama`Magazine,issuesno.646
(dated17Safar,1404A.H.)andno.650(dated24Safar,1404A.H.).Dr.Salih'sremarkswereaccurateand
useful(mayAllahrewardhimandsupportthetruththroughhim).Ithusdeemeditnecessarytocomment
onthemistakesofShaykhAlSabunytoconfirm
whatDr.Salihmentioned,contributetogood,propagatethetruth,andredressthemistakesthatwerenot
discussedbyHisEminenceDr.Salihinhistwoarticlesmentionedabove.Indeed,AllahAloneistheGuideto
sucess.
ImitationoftheFourImams
ShaykhAlSabuny'ssayingaboutimitatingtheFourImamsthatitisamongtheforemostobligations,is
undoubtedlyamistakengeneralization,sinceitisnotobligatorytoimitateanyofthefourImamsoranyone
else,nomatterhowknowledgeabletheymaybe.ThisisbecausetheproperactionistofollowtheQur'an
andtheSunnahandnottoimitateanyonepeople.Imitationisonlytoleratedincaseofnecessitywhenthe
personfollowedisknownfortheirknowledge,virtue,anduprightcreed,asexplainedindetailbythe
eminentscholarIbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)inhisbookI`lamAlMawaqqiìn.TheImams
(mayAllahbemercifulwiththem)woulddenythatanyoftheirviewsbeadoptedotherthanthatwhichwas
inaccordancewiththeQur'anandtheSunnah.ImamMalik(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)said:Theviewof
everyoneisliabletoacceptanceandrefusalexceptforthatoftheone[entombed]inthisgrave(referringto
thegraveoftheProphet,peacebeuponhim).HisfellowImamsalsoutteredsayingstothesameeffect.
Thus,apersonwhomanagestoadopttheQur'anandtheSunnahmustnotimitateanyone.Yet,incaseof
controversy,heshouldassumethesayingnearesttothetruth.However,apersonwhocannotdosois
entitledtoask[religious]scholars,asAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, SoaskthepeopleoftheReminder,
ifyoudonotknow.
Healsosaid:IbnTaymiyyah(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)inspiteofhisscholasticeruditiondidnot
reachtherankof(beingqualifiedtopractice)Ijtihad(juristicefforttoinferexpertlegalrulings),andthathe
wasratherrestrictedinmanyinstancestohisHanbaliMadhhab(SchoolofJurisprudence).A:Thissayingis
debatableandisanapparentmistake,sincethesheikhofIslam(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)wasoneof
themostknowledgeablescholarspracticingIjtihadandhehadtherequirementsofIjtihad.However,his
affiliationtotheHanbaliMadhhabdidnot
rulehimoutofthis,sincewhatismeantbythisishisagreementwithAhmadintheprinciplesandrulesofhis
Madhhab,andnotthatheimitatedhiminwhathesaidwithoutevidence.Rather,he(IbnTaymiyah)would
chooseoftheopinions,theclosestonetotheevidenceaccordingtowhatappearedtohim(mayAllahbe
mercifulwithhim).
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IstheMadhhabofAlAshaìrahTrueorFalse?
3.HementionedthatdifferencesincreedarenarrowandthatthepeoplewhoclaimthattheMadhhabofAl
AshaìrahisfalseshouldbeaskedtorefertotheFatwasofIbnTaymiyahandreadwhatIbnTaymiyahwroteabout
AbuAlHasanAlAshàrysothatwecouldperceivehowignorantthosepeopleare.(endofquote)
A:Itshouldbesaidthatmanysectsundoubtedlywentastrayduetothedifferenceincreed,suchasAl
Mu`tazilah,AlJahmiyyah,AlRafidah,AlQadariyyah,andothers.Likewise,AlAshaìrahwentastrayregardingtheissues
inwhichtheydisagreedwiththeQur'anandtheSunnah,andwiththeexampleoftheeliteofthisUmmah
theImamsofguidanceoftheCompanions(mayAllahbepleasedwiththem),theTabiùn(thegeneration
aftertheCompanionsandtheProphet)whorighteouslyfollowedthem,andtheguidedImams,intheir
Ta'wil(allegoricalinterpretation)ofAllah'sNamesandAttributesinanincorrectmanner.However,AbuAlHasan
AlAshàry(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)wasnotoneofAlAshaìrah,eveniftheyassociatedthemselveswith
him.HegaveuptheirMadhhabandembracedtheMadhhabofAhlulSunnah(thoseadheringtothe
SunnahandtheMuslimmainbody).Thus,theImams'praiseofhimisnotpraiseoftheMadhhabofAl
Ashaìrah
Besides,itisincorrecttochargewhoeverobjectstoAlAshaìrah,regardingwhattheyopposedofthecreedof
AhlulSunnah,withignorance,sincetherealityofignoranceistofabricate(falsehood)againstAllah(Exalted
beHe)withoutknowledge.Yet,theonewhoderivesfromtheQur'anandtheSunnahandfromthe
establishedrulesoftheShariàh,followingthepathoftheSalaf(righteouspredecessors),anddenouncing
thosewhoallegoricallyinterprettheNamesandAttributesofAllahinamistakenway,shouldnotbecharged
withignorance.
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MaleQawama(therightofthemanuponthewomanresultedfromthedutiesimposeduponhimtoher)
HesaidthatthemaleQawamaoverwomenisaformofdutyandnotanelevation.
A : Thisisamistakeandshouldbesaidthatmen'sQawamaoverwomenisbothadutyandanelevation,
sinceAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, Menaretheprotectorsandmaintainersofwomen,becauseAllhhasmade
oneofthemtoexceltheother,andbecausetheyspend(tosupportthem)fromtheirmeans. Hence,Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)
makesitclearthatHehasgrantedmenQawamaoverwomenduetotwopoints:First:Thefavorofmen
overwomeningeneral.Second:Men'sspendingfromtheirmeans(tosupportwomen)throughwhatthey
payofMahr(mandatorygifttothebridefromhergroom)andotherexpenditures.
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Tafweed[AbstainingFromInterpretation]ReferstotheManner,nottheMeaning
Inhisfirstarticle,aftertheintroductionhesaid,"YoushouldnotputthemreferringtoAlAshaìrahandAl
MaturidiyyahinthesameboatwithAlRawafid,AlMu`tazilahandAlKhawarij,whodissentedfrom(thepathof)Ahl
u lSunnahwalJamaàh(thoseadheringtotheSunnahandtheMuslimmainbody).Theutmostofthis
matteristhatwejudgethemasbeingmistakenintheirTa'weelbecauseitismoreappropriatetoleavethe
issueofAttributestoAllah'scare,fromWhomnosecretishidden".Endofquote.
A : ThesectsthatdifferfromAhlulSunnahvaryintheirmistakesthemistakeofAlAshaìrah,isnotlikelikethat
ofAlKhawarij,A lMu`tazilah,o r A lJahmiyyah.Yet,thisdoesnotprecludeexposingthemistakeofAlAshaìrahas
regardstheirdisagreementwithAhlulSunnah,inthewayheexposedthemistakesofothersects,forthe
sakeofrevealingthetruthandunveilingthefalsehoodofotherclaimstoconveytheMessageofAllah
(ExaltedbeHe)andofHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)andescapethewarningmentionedinAllah's
(ExaltedbeHe)saying, Verily,thosewhoconcealtheclearproofs,evidenceandtheguidance,whichWehavesentdown,after
WehavemadeitclearforthepeopleintheBook,theyaretheonescursedbyAllhandcursedbythecursers. Exceptthosewho
repentanddorighteousdeeds,andopenlydeclare(thetruthwhichtheyconcealed).These,Iwillaccepttheirrepentance.AndIam
theOneWhoacceptsrepentance,theMostMerciful.
Then,itshouldbesaidthatitisbettertoleavetheissueofAttributestotheAllKnoweroftheUnseen,since
He(ExaltedbeHe)hasillustratedittoHisslavesandmadeitclearinHisGloriousQur'anandthroughHis
trustworthyProphet(peacebeuponhim).However,Allahdidnotexplainitsnature.So,itisobligatoryto
leavetheknowledgeofthenature,nottheknowledgeofthemeanings,toAllah.Tafweedofthemeanings
oftheAttributestoAllahisnottheMadhhaboftheSalaf.Rather,itisaninnovatedMadhhabwhich
contradictsthatoftherighteousSalaf.
Inaddition,AlImamAhmad(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)andotherImamsofSalafcondemnedthosewho
callforleavingtheissueoftheAttributestoAllahandbrandedthemasinnovatorsinreligion,becausethe
prerequisiteoftheirMadhhabisthatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)hasinformedHisslavesofthings,whose
meaningisimperceptible,andwhichpurposeisincomprehensible,forthem.Indeed,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)is
farabovesuchclaim,andAhlulSunnahknowAllah'sintentionthroughHisWords,describeHimaccording
toHisNamesandAttributes,andconsiderHimfaraboveallthatdoesnotbefitHim(GlorifiedandExalted
beHe).ThroughHisWords(ExaltedbeHe)andthoseofHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim),theyknow
thattoHim(ExaltedbeHe)isattributedAbsolutePerfectioninallthatHehasinformedaboutHimselfor
whatHisProphet(peacebeuponhim)conveyed.Here,Iquotesomeimportantstatementsfromthe
righteousSalaf,inthisregard,sothatthetruthofwhatwehavementionedmaybecomemanifestforthe
reader.
ShaykhulIslamIbnTaymiyyah(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)statedinRisalatAlFatwaAlHamawiyyah:Abu
BakrAlBayhaqyreportedon(Allah's)NamesandAttributes,throughanauthenticchainofnarrators,fromAl
Awza`ywhosaid,"DuringtheagewhentheTabiùn(Followers,thegenerationaftertheCompanionsofthe
Prophet)weremany,wesaidthatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)isoverHisThroneandbelievedinwhattheSunnah
mentionedoftheAttributes.ItwasrecountedthatAlAwza`ywhowasoneoftheFourImamsatthetimeof
thegenerationnexttotheTabiùn,namelyMalik,theImamofthepeopleofHijaz,AlAwza`y,theImamofthe
peopleofAlSham(theLevant),AlLayth,theImamofthepeopleofEgypt,andAlThawry,theImamofthepeopleofIraq
reportedthatthebeliefthatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)isover
theThroneandthebeliefinHisAttributeswerefamous.
Indeed, A lAwza`ysaidsoaftertheemergenceoftheMadhhabofJahm,whichdeniedAllah'sbeingoverHis
ThroneandrepudiatedHisAttributessothatthepeoplewouldknowthattheMadhhaboftheSalaf
contradictedthatclaim.
Moreover,AbuBakrAlKhallalreportedinKitabulSunnahfromAlAwza`ywhosaid,"MakhulandAlZuhrywereasked
abouttheinterpretationoftheHadiths(abouttheAttributes),andtheyreplied,'Passthemastheyare
mentioned'".ItisalsoreportedfromAlWalidibnMuslimwhosaid,"IaskedMalikibnAnas,SufyanAlThawry,AlLayth
ibnSa`dandAlAwza`yaboutthereportsmentionedabouttheAttributes,theysaid,'Passthemjustastheyare
mentioned'".Inanothernarration,however,theysaid,"Passthemjustastheyarementionedwithout
(questioning)how".Their(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemall)saying,"Passthemjustastheyare
mentioned"isaconfutationoftheclaimofAlMuàttilah[whodeniedAllah'sAttributes],whiletheirsaying,"without
(questioning)how"isaconfutationoftheclaimof A lMumaththilah[wholikenedAllah'sAttributestothoseofHis
Creation].
Moreover,AlZuhryandMakhulwerethemostknowledgeableoftheTabiùnintheirowntime,whiletheother
fourscholarsweretheleadingimamsoftheworldatthethetimeofthefollowersoftheTabiùn,whose
categoryalsoincludesHammadibnZayd,andHammadibnSalamah.
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AbuAlQasimAlAzjynarratedthroughhischainofnarratorsfromMutarrafibnÀbdullahwhosaid,"IheardMalikibn
A n a s saywhensomeonedeniestheHadithson(Allah's)Attributesbeforehim,'ÙmaribnÀbdulÀzizsaid:
TheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)andtherulersafterhimenactedcertainpractices,their
adoptionisthebeliefinAllah'sBook,fulfillmentofobediencetoAllahandunswervingperseverancein
Allah'sreligion.Thus,noonehastherighttochangeitortoassumeanythingthatcontradictsit.Whoever
seeksguidancethroughitisrightlyguidedandwhoeverseekshelpthroughitiswellsupported.Yet,
whoeveropposesitandfollowsotherthanthebelievers'way,Allahwillkeephiminthepathhehaschosen,
andburnhiminHellwhatanevildestination!
Inaddition,AlKhallalreportedthroughachainoftrustworthynarratorsfromSufyanibnÙyaynahwhosaid,
RabiàhibnAbuÀbdulRahmanwasaskedaboutAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying, TheMostGracious(Allh)roseover
andthemeaningof'Istaw',andhereplied,
(Istaw)the(Mighty)Throne(inamannerthatsuitsHisMajesty).
'Istiwa'(Allah'srisingovertheThroneinamannerthatbefitsHim)isnotunknownanditsnatureis
imperceptible.TheMessageisfromAllah,theMessengerischargedwithclearlyconveningtheMessage,
whilewearerequiredtobelieveit'".ThissayingisreportedfromMalikibnAnas,thediscipleofRabiàhibnAbu
ÀbdulRahmanthroughdifferentwaysofnarrations.
Forexample,AbuAlShaykhAlAsbahanyandAbuBakrAlBayhaqyreportedfromYahyaibnYahya,whosaid,"Wewerein
thecompanyofMalikibnAnaswhenamancameandaddressedhim,'OAbuÀbdullah,[Allahsays]: TheMost
Gracious(Allh)roseover(Istaw)the(Mighty)Throne(inamannerthatsuitsHisMajesty). HowdidHeriseover(the
Throne)?Malikbowedhisheaduntilitwascoveredwithsweatandthensaid,'Istawisnotunknown,its
natureisimperceptible,beliefinitisobligatoryandquestioningaboutitisaninnovation(inreligion),andI
deemthatyouarenothingbutaninnovator'.Thus,he[Malik]orderedhimtobedrivenout."
Thus,Rabiàh'sandMalik'ssayingthat"Istawisnotunknown,itsnatureisimperceptible,beliefinitisobligatory"
isinlinewiththesayingoftherestofthescholars,"Passthemjustastheyarementionedwithout
(questioning)how".Indeed,theydeniedknowinghow,buttheydidnotdenytherealityoftheAttributes.
HadthepeoplebelievedintheabstracttermwithoutunderstandingitsmeaninginawaythatbefitsAllah,
theywouldnothavesaid"Istawisnotunknownanditsnatureisimperceptible",orsaid"Passthemjustas
theyarementionedwithout(questioning)how".For,then,Istawwouldnotbeknownbutwouldratherbe
unknown,exactlyliketheincomprehensibleletters(atthebeginningsofsomeQur'anicSurahs).Besides,
therewouldbenoneedtodenytheperceptionofthenatureincasethemeaningofthetermisnot
perceived.However,therewouldbeaneedtodenytheperceptionofthenaturewhentheAttributesare
established.
Ontheotherhand,thosewhodenythepredicativeAttributesortheAttributesatalldonotneedtosay,
"without(questioning)how",forthosewhosay,"AllahisnotovertheThrone"areinnoneedtosay,
"without(questioning)how".Besides,iftheMadhhaboftheSalafweretodenytheAttributesinthesame
issue,theywouldnothavesaid,"without(questioning)how".
Theirsaying,"Passthemjustastheyarementioned"retainsthedenotationasitis.Thisisbecausetheterms
mentionedhadcertainmeaningsandiftheirdenotationswerenonexistent,itwouldhavebeenarequisiteto
say,"Passtheirwords,andbelievethattheirmeaningsarenotintended"or"Passtheirwords,andbelieve
thatAllahisnottobedescribedbytheirrealmeanings".Inthisway,theywouldbeacknowledgedasthey
are.However,itshouldnotthenbesaid,"withouthow",forthedenialofthemannerofnonexistenceis
nonsensicalspeech."(QuotedfromShaykhulIslamIbnTaymiyyah(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim).
HereportedinthementionedarticlethatHasanAlBanna(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)stated,"Weuniteon
whatwehaveagreeduponandexcuseoneanotherinwhatwehavediffered".
A : Yes,weshouldcooperateinwhatwehaveagreedupontomaintainthetruthandcallforitandtowarn
againstwhatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)forbade.Yet,excusingone
anotherinwhatwehavedifferedshouldnotbegenerallyapplied.Rather,itisapointthatrequiresdetail
weshouldnotcondemnoneanotherontheissuesthataresubjecttoIjtihadwhoseevidenceisabstruse
whileitisobligatorytocriticizewhoeveropposesthetextoftheQur'anandtheSunnahwithwisdomand
fairpreachingandthrougharguinginawaythatisbetter,inaccordancewithAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)
saying, HelpyouoneanotherinAlBirrandAtTaqw(virtue,righteousnessandpiety)butdonothelponeanotherinsinand
transgression. Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: Thebelievers,menandwomen,areAuliy(helpers,supporters,friends,
protectors)ofoneanothertheyenjoin(onthepeople)AlMarf(i.e.IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmordersonetodo),and
forbid(people)fromAlMunkar(i.e.polytheismanddisbeliefofallkinds,andallthatIslmhasforbidden)
Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: Invite(mankind,OMuhammad)totheWayofyourLord(i.e.Islm)
withwisdom(i.e.withtheDivineRevelationandtheQurn)andfairpreaching,andarguewiththeminawaythatisbetter. The
Prophet's(peacebeuponhim)alsosays, Hewhoamongstyouseessomethingabominable
shouldchangeitwith(thehelpof)hishandandifhedoesnothaveenoughstrengthtodoit,thenheshoulddoitwithhistongue,
andifhedoesnothaveenoughstrengthtodoit(even),thenheshould(abhorit)fromhisheart,andthatistheleastoffaith. The
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)alsosaid, Theonewhoguidestosomethinggoodwillhavearewardsimilartothatofitsdoer. Both www.ircpk.com
HadithsreportedbyMusliminhisSahih(Book).TherearenumerousHadithsonthisissue.
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CensureofDissensionandReferringDisputestotheQur'anandSunnah
Inhissecondarticle,thewriter,ShaykhMuhammadÀliAlSabuny,censuredthedissensionofMuslimsinto
Salafis,Ashàris,Sufis,Maturidis,andsoon.Well,thisdispersionundoubtedlygrieveseveryMuslim,and
theMuslimsshoulduniteforthecauseoftruthandhelponeanotherinrighteousnessandpiety.However,
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)haspredestinedthatfortheUmmahduetogreatwisdomandcommendablepurposes,
forwhichHe(ExaltedbeHe)istobepraisedandthedetailsofwhichareknownbynoneotherthanHim.
AmongthemisdiscriminationbetweenHisAwliya'(piouspeople)andHisenemies,andbetweenthosewho
earnestlyseektheTruthandthosewhodissentfromitandthosewhoturnawayfromitandfollowtheir
ownvaindesires,etc.Thisalsoimpliesanattestation(bytheAlmighty)thatHisProphet(peacebeupon
him)istrulytheMessengerofAllah,astheProphet(peacebeuponhim)informedMuslimsofthis
separationbeforeittookplace.Sureenough,itoccurredjustashehadinformed.He(peacebeuponhim)
said: Mypeoplewillbesplitintoseventythreesects,allofthemwillenterHellfireexceptone.Theyasked:Whoisthatsect,O
Allah'sMessenger?Hereplied:ThatisAlJamaàh(thetruefollowersoftheProphet). Inanotherversion,hereplied Theone
thatfollowswhatIandmyCompanionsareuponrightnow. ThisobligatesMuslimstogatherforthecauseoftruthand
refereverydisputablemattertoAllahandHisMessenger.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: (And)if
youdifferinanythingamongstyourselves,referittoAllhandHisMessenger(),ifyoubelieveinAllhandinthe
LastDay.Thatisbetterandmoresuitableforfinaldetermination. He(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: Andinwhatsoeveryou
ThesetwonobleversesindicatethattheMuslimsare
differ,thedecisionthereofiswithAllh(HeistherulingJudge).
obligedtoreferalldisputablemattersincreedandotherfieldstoAllah
(GlorifiedbeHe)andtoHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim).Insuchaway,thetruthwillbecomeclearto
them,theywillbeunanimousaboutitandtheirlinewillbeunitedagainsttheirenemies.However,ifevery
sectclingstowhatitassumesoffalsehoodandrefusestoacknowledgethetruthadoptedbytheothersect,
thenthisistheperilousandprohibitedstance,anditisthecausefortheenemiesbeinggivenabsolute
masteryovertheMuslims.Hence,theblamewillsurelybelaidonthosewhopersistinfalsehoodandrefuse
toyieldtothetruth.Asforthosewhoadheretoandcalltothetruthanddisclosethefalsityofitsopposite,
theyarenotblameworthy.Rather,theyareworthyofthanksandwillberewardedtwiceoncefortheir
Ijtihadandagainfordoingtherightthing.
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TheRealityoftheMadhhabofAhlulSunnah
A lSabunymentionedinhissecondarticlethatAhlulSunnahhastwofamousMadhhabs:First:theMadhhab
oftheSalaf(righteouspredecessors).Second:theMadhhaboftheKhalaf(thosewhograciouslyfollowed
theSalaf).
A : ThisisamanifestmistakethatasfarasIknowhasnoprecedent.Indeed,theMadhhabofAhlul
SunnahisonlyoneMadhhabwhichembodiesthetraditionsoftheCompanionsoftheProphetandofthose
whorighteouslyfollowedthem,namelyacknowledgingtheNamesandAttributesofAllah(ExaltedbeHe),
passingthemjustastheyarementionedandbelievingthattheyaretrueandthatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)is
describedbytheminawaythatbefitsHisMajesty,withnoTahrif(distortionoftheirmeaning),Ta`til
(denialofthem),Takyif(questioningofthem),Tamthil(likeningthemtothoseofHisCreation),orTa'wil
(allegoricalinterpretation)thatputsthemoutoftheirliteralmeaning,orevenTafwid(leavingtheissueof
theirmeaningstoAllah'scare).Rather,theybelievethattheirmeaningsareknown,thattheytrulybefitAllah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)andthatnothingofthemcouldbelikenedtoanyofAllah'screation.
Furthermore,theMadhhabofKhalafistheoppositetothisMadhhab,asisknowntoanyonewhoreads
bothsides.
Then,hementionedthatAhlu lSunnahleavetheissueofthemeaningsoftheAttributestoAllahand
repeatedthatmorethanonce.Well,heismistakeninthispoint,asheascribedtothemwhattheyrepudiate.
ThishasalreadybeenexplainedabovethroughthequotationfromShaykhulIslamIbnTaymiyyah(mayAllah
bemercifulwithhim),inwhichhereportedfromamultitudeof
(thescholarsof)AhlulSunnahthattheyleavetheissueofthenature,notthemeanings,oftheAttributes,
toAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)care,asisclarifiedabove.
AhlulSunnahdenyonlywhatAllahhasdeniedasregardsHimself
Then, A lSabuny(mayAllahguidehim)mentionedthatAllahisfarExaltedabovehavingaphysicalbodya
pupil(oftheeye),ameatus,atongue,orapharynx.Well,thisisnottheMadhhabofAhlulSunnah,itis
rather,thesayingofAhlulKalam(thosewhosearchforanswerstocreedalissuesusinglogic)andanaspect
oftheiremptypretense,whichiscensurable.ForAhlulSunnahonlydenieswhatAllahorHisMessenger
(peacebeuponhim)deniedasregardsHimself,andonlyacknowledgewhatHeorHisMessenger(peacebe
uponhim)affirmedforHimself.However,thepointsmentionedaboveareneitheraffirmednordisaffirmed,
thus,itisobligatorytorefrainfromandavoideitheraffirmingordisaffirmingthem.Whatavailsusother
thanthisaretheviewsofAhlulSunnahwalJamaàhonaffirmingAllah'sAttributesandNamesNoneof
HisCreationiscomparedtoHimasregardsHisNamesandAttributesandthatHe(ExaltedbeHe)hasno
peerorcoequal.AlImamAhmad(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)saidthatAllahistobedescribedonlywith
whatHehasdescribedHimselforwithwhattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)describedHim,whichdoes
notexceedtheQur'anandtheHadith.
OtherleadingImamsofAhlulSunnahsaidsomethingtothesameeffect.Asforwhatwasstatedofthese
mattersby A lBayhaqy(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)inhisbookAlI`tiqad,itwaspartoftheempty
pretenseofAhlulKalamwhichheunwittinglyconsideredtobetrue.Thetruth,however,isthatsuchspeech
belongstotheinnovators(inreligion)andnottoAhlulSunnah.
A h lu lSunnahaffirmforAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)whatHehasaffirmedforHimself
withoutcomparingHimtoanyofHiscreation.
Then,AlSabunystatedinhissecondarticle,"Today,someignorantdepictAllahinanoddandstrangeimage,
representingHim(ExaltedbeHe)asifHewereabodycomposedoforgansandsenses,withaface,two
hands,twoeyes,ashin,andfingers.TheyalsopictureHimaswalking,descendingandtrotting,andsayin
affirmationofthese
attributesthatAllahsitsinthewayapersonsitsonabedanddescendsinthewayapersondescendsthe
stairs,attemptingthroughsuchanallegationtoaffirmtheMadhhaboftherighteousSalafforthedisciples,
andtoprovetothemtherealityofthemeaningofIstiwa'anddescending,andthatHissittingissubstantial
andnotallegorical,asthosewhointerpretitallegoricallyclaim.ThisweseekrefugewithAllahfromitis
thecoreofaberration,sincetheycompareAllah(toHiscreation)anddepictHiminaphysicalform.They
areliketheonewhotriestoescapeasmallpitbutfallsintoadeepabysswherehemeetsdestruction
endlessly."Endofquote.
Isaythat A lSabuny(mayAllahguidehim)combinedfalseandtrueclaimsinhisspeechthatareknownto
whoeveradherestotheSunnah.Thefollowingisadetailedcommentonhisclaims:
Asfortheface,hands,eyes,shinandfingers,theyareproventhroughthetextsoftheQur'anandauthentic www.ircpk.com
Sunnah.TheyarealsoaffirmedbyAhlulSunnahwalJamaàhandattributedtoAllahinthewaythatbefits
Him(ExaltedbeHe).Likewise,descendingandtrottingarementionedinauthenticHadith.Theywere
declaredandaffirmedbytheProphet(peacebeuponhim)forHisLord(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)inthe
waythatbefitsHim(ExaltedbeHe)withoutcomparisontoanyofHiscreationorknowledgeofthenatureof
theseAttributes.FortheyareknownonlybyAllah(ExaltedbeHe).Thus,AlSabuny'sdenialoftheseAttributes
constitutesdisapprovaloftheProphet(peacebeuponhim).Rather,itconstitutesdisapprovalofAllah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe),sinceHementionedsomeoftheminHisHonorableBookandrevealedsome
otherstoHisProphet(peacebeuponhim).Therefore,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)neverspokeofhis
owndesire,butratherconveyedwhatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)revealedtohim.Thus,AlSabuny(mayAllahguide
him)sometimessaysthatheadherestotheMadhhabofAhlulSunnahandsometimesdisagreeswithand
rejectsit.Truly,toAllahwebelongandtruly,toHimweshallreturn.WeaskAllahtoguideusandhimand
tohelpusreturntotheright.Asforhissaying,"TheysayinaffirmationoftheseAttributesthatAllahsitsin
thewayapersonsitsonabedanddescendsinthewayapersondescendsthestair...",AhlulSunnah
undoubtedlydisavowsuchclaims.Rather,sucharethesayingsofAlMushabbihah(thosewhocompare
AllahtoHiscreation),whoaredismissedbytherighteousSalafasdisbelieversandwhosesayingsare
denouncedduetotheircontradictionwithAllah's(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)saying, ThereisnothinglikeHim
andHeistheAllHearer,theAllSeer.
aswellasotherversesthatbearthesamemeaning.Itisimpermissibleforanyonetoconfusethewordsof
thefollowersofthetruthwiththewordsofthefollowersoffalsehood,ofAlMushabbihahandthoselike
them.Rather,itisobligatorytodistinguishbetweenbothandtoclarifythedifferencesindetail.
AlAshàryandAlMaturidywerenotthefirsttorefutethefalseclaimsofthedeviantsects
A lSabunythenallegedinhisthirdarticlethatthefirsttowriteonUsululDin(PrinciplesofIslamicreligion)
andrefutethefalsemisconceptionsofdeviantandaberrantsectswereAbuAlHasanAlAshàryandAbuMansurAl
Maturidy.
Thisisanincorrectassertion,sincetheywereprecededinthisbyImamAbuHanifah(mayAllahbemerciful
withhim),ImamÀbdulÀzizibnÀbdullahibnAbuSalamahAlMajashun,ImamMalik(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim),
Im amAhmadibnHanbal,ImamMuhammadibnIshaqibnKhuzaymah,ImamÙthmanibnSaìdAlDarimyinhisrefutation
oftheclaimsofAlMirrisy,ImamÀbdulÀzizAlKinanywhoauthoredAlHaydah,andotherinnumerablescholars.
TheMadhhabofAhlulSunnahisoneanditismoresecure,moreinformedandmoreexact.
Then, A lSabuny(mayAllahguidehim)repeated,inhisthirdarticle,hisclaimthattheSalafhavetwoMadh
habs,oneofwhichisthatofthepeopleofTafwid(leavingtheissueoftheAttributestoAllah'scare)andthe
otheristhatofthepeopleofTa'weelandwentoninhisclaimaddingthatsomeprefertheMadhhabofthe
Salafandsaythatitismoresecure,whileothersprefertheMadhhaboftheKhalafandclaimthatitismore
exact.
A : Suchdivisionisasismentionedabovenullandvoid,sincetheSalafhaveonlyoneMadhhab,namely
theMadhhabofAhlulSunnahwalJamaàh,whichincludestheCompanions(mayAllahbepleasedwith
them)andthosewhorighteouslyfollowedthem.
ThisisthemoresecureandmoreinformedMadhhab.TheotherMadhhab,however,isthatofthe
discreditableKhalaf,namely,theMadhhabofthepeopleofTa'wil,Tahrif(distortionofthemeaning)and
charlatanism.However,disprovingandwarningagainsttheMadhhaboftheKhalafdoesnotnecessarily
entaildeclaringthemtobedisbelievers,sincesuchdeclaration(Takfir)impliesanotherrulingthatisbased
oncognizanceofthe(denounced)person'ssaying,whatheassumesoffalsehoodandtheextentofhis
oppositiontowhatisright.Hence,itisimpermissibletoclaimthatcondemnationoftheMadhhabofthe
KhalaforrepudiationofAlAshaìrah'smistakeofallegoricalinterpretationoftheAttributesortheirdistortion
oftheirmeanings(withtheexceptionoffewAttributes,whichtheyexcluded),necessarilyentaildeclaring
themtobedisbelievers.Rather,thepurposeistoexposetheirdisagreementwithAhlulSunnahinthis
regardandtheinvalidityoftheallegoricalinterpretationoftheKhalaf,andtoexplainthattherightapproach
istheMadhhaboftherighteousSalaf,namelyAhlulSunnahwalJamaàh,whichacknowledgestheverses
andHadithonAttributesjustastheyarementionedandaffirmstheircontentsoftheNamesandAttributes
inthewaythatbefitsAllah(ExaltedbeHe)withoutdistortion,denial,allegoricalinterpretation,questioning
orcomparison,asisfrequentlymentionedabove.Afterall,Allah(Alone)Whosehelpcanbesought.Then,
hequotedthewordsof A lBayhaqyinthisregard(alreadyreferredto),andsaidthathe(AlBayhaqy,may
Allahbemercifulwithhim)wasdeceivedbysomeofthejargonoftheinnovators(inreligion),deemingitto
betrue,andinturnheintroducedtheminhisbook.HealsoclaimedthatAlBayhaqywasamongthosewho
engagedinAlKalam(adisciplinethatsearchesforanswerstocreedalissuesusinglogic),andcommented
thathebelievesinsomeofitsevilconclusions(mayAllahforgiveandpardonhim).Here,ShaykhulIslam
IbnTaymiyyah(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)pointedouttothedenotationsofsuchclaimsinAlFatawa(vol.6,p.53).
A h lulSunnahdonotallegoricallyinterpretAttributesbuttheygatherthetextsandinterpret
eachthrougheach
Then, A lSabunyinhisthirdarticlestated,"NooneshouldthinkthatweprefertheMadhhaboftheKhalaf
tothatoftheSalafandwearenotoftheopinionclaimedbyAlKalamscholarsthattheMadhhabofthe
SalafismoresecureandthattheMadhhaboftheKhalafismoreaccurate.Rather,weinbeliefand www.ircpk.com
certitudesaythattheMadhhaboftheSalafisthemostsecureandmostaccurate.Hence,wedonottryto
interpret
theAttributesoftheCreator(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)butweratherbelieveinthemastheyarestated
andacknowledgethemastheyarementioned,anddenycomparisonandanthropomorphism".Then,he
quotedsomelinesofversewhichinclude,
Surely,beliefinTafwidisfree FromwhatTa'wilimpliesof
difficulty
Hewentontosay,"IfthosewhoallegoricallyinterprettheAttributesareaberrant,wewoulddeemthe
righteousSalafaberrant,becausetheyinterpretedAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying, ThereisnoNajw(secret
counsel)ofthreebutHeistheirfourth(withHisKnowledge,whileHeHimselfisovertheThrone,overtheseventhheaven),noroffive
butHeistheirsixth(withHisKnowledge) For,theysaidthatAllahiswiththembyHisKnowledgeandnotbyHis
Self.TheyalsointerpretedAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying, AndHeiswithyou(byHisKnowledge)wheresoeveryoumay
b e . claimingthatHisaccompanimentofthemisbyHisKnowledge,sothatthe(Divine)Selfwouldnotbe
(regardedas)multiple.Likewise,wewilljudgethehafizhIbnKathirasaberrantbecausehecommentedon
Allah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying, ButWe(i.e.Ourangelswhotakethesoul)arenearertohimthanyou,butyouseenot,(Tafsir
A tTabar) '(Itmeans)OurangelsarenearertoHimthanyoubutyoudonotseethem'.Healsointerpreted
Allah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying, AndWearenearertohimthanhisjugularvein(byOurKnowledge). as,'Itmeans:Our
angelsarenearertomanthanhisjugularvein',whileimmanentismisunanimouslyrefuted.MayAllahbe
GlorifiedandExalted!"Headded,"Rather,wesaythatTa'wilissometimesincumbentasisthecasewiththe
followingauthenticHadith: TheBlackStoneisAllah'sRightHandinHisearth andwiththeverseinwhichAllah
(ExaltedbeHe)saysabouttheNuh'sArk, AndWecarriedhimona(ship)madeofplanksandnails, FloatingunderOur
Eyes:arewardforhimwhohadbeenrejected! (endofquote).
A : HedidwellinchoosingtheMadhhaboftherighteousSalafandbelievingthatitisthemostsecure,most
accurate,andmostinformed.However,hedidnotpersistinit,butratherchose
theMadhhabofTa'wilattimesandtheMadhhabofTafwidatothertimeswhileitisobligatorythatthe
Muslimsadheretothetruthandneverdeviatefromit.Furthermore,whathementionedabouttheSalafas
regardstheirinterpretationofAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying, AndHeiswithyou(byHisKnowledge) thatitmeans
"byHisKnowledge",isnotanallegoricalinterpretation.Rather,itisthemeaningoftheverses"onbeingin
thecompanyofAllah"inthesightofAhlulSunnahwalJama'ahasrelatedbyImamAbuÙmaribnÀbdulBarr
andAbuÙmarAlTelamnakythatAhlulSunnahunanimouslyagreetothisviewbecauseitisaffirmedbythe
relatedtextsoftheQur'anandtheSunnah,whichindicateAllah'sHighness,Sublimity,andbeingfarabove
immanentism.Thus,whoevercontemplatestheversesrelatedtothepresentissuewouldperceivethatthe
meaningof(Allah's)companyisHisencompassmentofHisSlaves'affairsandcircumstances,while'the
specialcompany'referstoHispreservation,protection,safeguarding,andsupportofHisprophetsand
Awliya',aswellasHisencompassmentoftheircircumstances.Undoubtedly,theArabsuponwhomthe
BookwassentdownandinwhoselanguagetheSunnahwasexpressedareacquaintedwiththismeaning.
Asitwasnotambiguoustothem,theydidnotasktheProphet(peacebeuponhim)aboutthemeaningof
suchverses.Rather,itwascrystalclearforthem.However,theothertextsneednoallegoricalinterpretation
sincetheirmeaningsareclear,suchasAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying, FloatingunderOurEyes , inorderthatyou
maybebroughtupunderMyEye. and, Sowaitpatiently(OMuhammad)fortheDecisionofyourLord,for
verily,youareunderOurEyes For,nonecouldeverimaginethattheshipfloatswithAllah'sEyeorthat
Muhammad(peacebeuponhim)isinAllah'sEye.Rather,itmeansthattheshipfloatsthroughAllah's
protection,preservation,safeguardingofandsubjectingit,andthatMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)is
shelteredbyHisLord'spreservation,protection,andguardianship.ThisalsoappliestoAllah'ssayingabout
Musa(Moses) inorderthatyoumaybebroughtupunderMyEye. i.e.underMyPreservationandProtection.Thisis
alsothecasewiththeHadith(inwhichAllahsays), Iwouldbecomehishearingwithwhichhehears,andhissightwith
whichhesees whichisexplainedthroughHissayingin
theothernarration, Ibecomehissenseofhearingwithwhichhehears,hissenseofsightwithwhichhesees,andhishandwith
whichhegrips,andhislegwithwhichhewalks. AnyonehavingtheleastacquaintancewiththeArabiclanguage
couldnevertakethetexttomeanthatAllahisman'shearing,sight,hand,orlegGlorifiedandHighbeHe
abovesuchgreatfalsehood.Rather,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)intendedtodemonstratethroughitthatHeguides
HisAwliya'anddirectstheirsenseandmovestotherightbecauseoftheirobediencetoHimand
performanceoftheirreligiousduties.OtherHadithalsocarrythismeaning.AsfortheHadith, TheBlackStone
isAllah'sRightHand. itisaDaìf(weak)Hadith,whichisnarratedfromIbnÀbbas(withoutbeingattributedtothe
Prophet,peacebeuponhim)anditsmeaningisclear,whetheritisMarfu`(aHadithnarratedfromtheProphet
withaconnectedordisconnectedchainofnarration)orMawquf(wordsordeedsnarratedfroma
CompanionoftheProphetthatarenotattributedtotheProphet).ItisalsonarratedinthesameHadith: Itis
asifhehadshakenhandswithAllahandkissedHisRightHand. whichindicatesthattheStoneisnottheRightHandof
Allah.Rather,theonewhotouchesorkissesitislikenedtotheonewhoshakeshandswithAllahandkisses www.ircpk.com
HisRightHand,toarouseinterestintouchingandkissingtheBlackStone.Likewise,Allah's(ExaltedbeHe)
sayingintheauthenticHadithtoHisSlave, IwassickbutyoudidnotvisitMeandIaskedfoodfromyoubutyoudidnot
feedMe isexplainedinthesameHadithasAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Donotyouknowthatifyouvisithim,youwill
findMethere.Andifyoufeedhim,youwillreceivetherewardfromMe. ThisclarifiesthatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)never
getssickorhungry.Rather,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)urgespeopletovisitthesickandfeedthehungry.
AsforAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying, AndWearenearertohimthanhisjugularvein(byOurKnowledge). and ButWe

(i.e.Ourangelswhotakethesoul)arenearertohimthanyou ,agroup(ofscholars)viewedthatitreferstotheangels
becausetheirnearnesstotheslavewhenthetworeceivers(recordingangels)receiveandatthetimeof
deathhasbeendecreedbyAllah's(GlorifiedbeHe)Command,Predestination,andPreservationofHis
Slaves.Otherexegetes,however,viewedthatAllah's(GlorifiedbeHe)nearnessisthroughHisOmnipotence,
Omniscience,andEncompassmentofHisSlaves,likeHisaccompanimentofandnearnesstoHisworshippers
alongwithHis(GlorifiedbeHe)SublimityandHighness.Itneithermeansimmanentismoridenticalness
[withHisSlaves],GlorifiedandExaltedbeHeabovethis,sinceconclusiveevidencefromtheQur'anandthe
SunnahverifythatHe(GlorifiedbeHe)
isovertheThrone,detachedfromHisCreation,andhighabovethemwhileHisomniscienceispervasive
everywhere.Hence,whoevercontemplatesthetextsoftheQur'anandtheSunnahandinterpretseach
througheachwilldiscoverthismeaningandwillhavenoneedtoresorttoTa'wil.AbuJa`faribnJarir(mayAllah
bemercifulwithhim)chosethesecondviewwheninterpreting(theversesof)SurahQaf,andthefirstview
wheninterpretingSurahAlWaqiàh.Moreover,Ahlu lSunnahcondemnedthosewhoallegorically
interpretedthetextsonAttributesandbrandedthemasinnovatorsinreligion,becausesuchan
interpretationresultsinvariousfalsities,indisplacementofwordsfromtheirrightplace,indenialofAllah's
(GlorifiedbeHe)AttributesofPerfectionandmistrustofHim,andinthebeliefthatHeaddressedHisSlaves
inwhatappearstolikeningandcomparisonwhilesomethingelseisintended.Suchisthediscreditable
Ta'wil,whichwasadoptedbyAhlulKalam.AhlulSunnah,however,condemnedthemanddismissedthem
asaberrantbecauseoftheirdeviationfromrealtoallegoricalinterpretationofthetexts,anddistancingthem
fromtheirmanifestrightmeaningswithoutevidence,argument,orSunnahdependingontheirreasoning
andviewswithnoauthorityfromAllah.Astheirviewsareneithersustainedbyargumentnorcorroborated
byevidence,Ahlu lSunnahimputedtothemallthattheyaffirmedofallegoricalinterpretation.Indeed,no
oneisfreefromparadoxandfalseconclusionsexceptthosewhoaffirmwhatAllahandHisMessenger
affirmedanddisaffirmwhatAllahandHisMessengerdisaffirmed,namelyAhlulSunnahwalJamaàh.
Surely,AllahistheGuidetosuccess.
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TherequisitesofUnityandHoldingFast(totheRopeofAllah)
Inhisfourtharticle,hecalledforunitingMuslimsandmakingcollaborativeeffortstostandagainstthe
enemiesofIslam.HealsomentionedthatthisisnottherighttimetoattackthefollowersoftheMadhhabs,
AlAshaìrah,theMuslimBrotherhood,oreventheSufis.
A:
Undoubtedly,theMuslimsmustunitetheirlines,adheretothetruth,andhelponeanotherinrighteousness
andpietyagainsttheenemiesofIslam,asAllah(GlorifiedbeHe)hascommandedthem
whenHe(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, Andholdfast,allofyoutogether,totheRopeofAllh(i.e.thisQurn),and
benotdividedamongyourselves He(GlorifiedbeHe)alsowarnedthemagainstdivision,saying, Andbenotasthose
whodividedanddifferedamongthemselvesaftertheclearproofshadcometothem. However,thenecessityoftheunityof
theMuslims,theirunanimityinadherencetothewordoftruthandtheirholdingfasttotheRopeofAllahdo
notmeanthattheyneglectdenouncingabominableactsorbeliefsoftheSufisorothers.Rather,the
prerequisiteofthecommandtoholdfasttotheRopeofAllahisthattheyenjoinAlMa`ruf(thatwhichis
judgedasgood,beneficial,orfittingbyIslamiclawandMuslimsofsoundintellect)andforbidMunkar(that
whichisunacceptableordisapprovedofbyIslamiclawandMuslimsofsoundintellect)inajustway.Italso
requiresthemtoillustratethetruthtoanyonewhohasdeviatedfromitorthoughtitsoppositetobethe
truth,throughlegalevidence,untiltheyallconcurwiththetruthandabandonwhatopposesit.Suchisthe
prerequisiteofAllah's(GlorifiedbeHe)saying, HelpyouoneanotherinAlBirrandAtTaqw(virtue,righteousnessand
piety)butdonothelponeanotherinsinandtransgression. Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: Letthereariseoutofyoua
groupofpeopleinvitingtoallthatisgood(Islm),enjoiningAlMarf(i.e.IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmordersonetodo)
andforbiddingAlMunkar(polytheismanddisbeliefandallthatIslmhasforbidden).Anditistheywhoarethesuccessful. Thus,
wheneverthefollowersofthetruthneglectexposingthemistakesanderrorsofthedeviants,theywouldbe
fallingshortofcarryingoutAllah'sCommandofinvitingtoallthatisgood,enjoiningAlMa`ruf,and
forbiddingAlMunkar.Then,thesinresultedfromavoidingtheforbiddanceofAlMunkarandthedeviants'
persistenceintheiraberrationisalreadywellknown.ThisapproachiscontradictorytowhatAllah(Glorified
beHe)haslegislatedtogiveadvice,helponeanotherinallthatisgood,enjoinAlMa`rufandforbidAl
Munkar.AllahAloneistheGuidetosuccess.
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TheSalafdidnotallegoricallyinterpretAllah'sAttributesorengageinanthropomorphism,eitherthrough
disaffirmationoraffirmationofit,sincethisisaninnovationinreligionthatfindsnosupportintheQur'anorSunnah
AlSabunystatedinhisfiftharticlethat"ItisnottheMadhhaboftheSalaf
(righteouspredecessors)whichwealreadydiscussedinprecedingarticles,onthetopicoftheAttributesof
theCreator(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe),toabsolutelyleavetheissueofAttributestoAllah,assomepeople
say.Rather,itisanotherapproachthatindicatesperspicacityandsoundandstraightunderstandingofthe
Qur'anandtheSunnahtexts.Thiswayandapproachcouldbesummarizedthroughthefollowingpoints:
First:Ta'weel(allegoricalinterpretation)ofwhatshouldinevitablybeinterpretedof[Qur'anic]versesand
HadithsonAttributeswhereTa'weelisinescapableduetolinguistic,Sharìorcreedalreasons.
Second:AcknowledgingwhattheGloriousQur'anortheNobleSunnahestablishedoftheAttributesof
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)suchashearing,sight,speech,love,satisfaction,Istiwa'(Allah'srising
overtheThroneinamannerthatbefitsHim),descending,coming,approachingandothers,andbelievingin
theminthewaytheyareintendedbyAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe),bywayofadmittingandleaving
(theissuetoHiscare)withoutTashbih(comparison),Ta`til(denialofAllah'sAttributes),Tajsim
(anthropomorphism)orTamthil(likeningAllah'sAttributestothoseofHisCreation)".
A:
TheclaimthatthisistheviewoftheMadhhaboftheSalaf(righteouspredecessors)isbaseless,sinceitis
notoftheMadhhaboftheSalaftoleavetheissueofAllah'sNamesandAttributes(toAllah'scare),neither
generallynorspecifically.Rather,theyleavetheissueofthenature[howso]asisexplainedaboveandas
wasstatedbyMalik,Ahmadandothers,andbeforethembyUmSalamah(mayAllahbepleasedwithher)and
RabiàhibnAbuÀbdulRahman,thesheikhofMalik(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemall).ItisalsonottheMadh
haboftheSalaftointerprettheattributes.Rather,theyacceptthemastheyarestatedandbelieveinits
meaningsinthewaythatbefitsAllah(ExaltedbeHe)withoutTahrif(distortion),Ta`til,Takyif(questioning
Allah'sAttributes),orTamthilasfrequentlymentionedabove.
Again,itisnottheMadhhaboftheSalafeithertoacknowledgeortodenyanthropomorphism,sincethis
hasnotbeenmentionedintheQur'an,theSunnah,orthesayingsoftheSalafoftheUmmah.Thisisstated
bymorethanoneoftheimamsofAhlu lSunnah,includingshaykhulIslamIbnTaymiyyah(mayAllahbe
mercifulwithhim),whostatedthat
inhisbookAlTadmuriyyah.Inthisbook,hestated,inthesixthrule,"Therefore,asrefutingtheclaimsof
thosewhoattributeddefectstoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)insuchawaythatwascorruptandunpracticedbyany
oftheSalafortheimams.NooneofthemdeniedorattributedanthropomorphismtoAllah,orthatHeis
onlyanessenceorthatHeoccupiesaspace.Forallthesearegeneralizedphrasesthatneitherproveatruth
norrefuteafalsity.ThatiswhyAllahhasnotmentionedincondemnationoftheclaimsoftheJewsand
otherdisbelieversthistypeofclaim.Rather,thisclaimisamongtheinnovationsinreligion,whichare
repudiatedbytheSalafandtheimams."Endofquote.
TheHafizhIbnRajabAlHanbaly(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)saidinhisBook"FadlÌlmAlSalafÀlaÌlm
A lKhalafi.e.thesuperiorityoftheKnowledgeoftheSalafoverthatofLateScholars:"Therightstanceis
thatassumedbytherighteousSalafofacknowledgingtheversesandHadithsconcerning(Allah's)Attributes
justastheyarewithoutTafsir(interpretation),TakyiforTamthil.Nothingotherthanthisisauthentically
attributedtothematall,especiallyImamAhmad.Besides,thereshouldbenoengagementininterpretationof
itsmeaningsorprovidingexamplesforit.AlthoughsomescholarsneartothetimeofImamAhmaddidsoin
imitationofthewayofMuqatil,theyshouldnotbefollowedinthisattitude.Rather,weshouldfollowthe
exampleoftheImamsofIslam,suchasIbnAlMubarak,Malik,AlThawry,AlAwza`y,AlShafi`y,Ahmad,Ishaq,AbuÙbayd,
andothers.Noneofthesescholarsevermentionedanyofthetypeofspeechassumedbythescholarsof
` I l mu lKalam(adisciplinethatsearchesforanswerstocreedalissuesusinglogic),orthephilosophers.
Besides,thistypeofspeechisnottobefoundinthesayingsofscholarswhowerefreefromcriticismand
defamation.Thus,AbuZuràhAlRazysaid,"Whoeverisendowedwithknowledgeanddoesnotpreserveit
wouldneedameasureofAlKalamtopropagateit.Thus,youhavenothingtodowiththem".Endofquote.
ThereisnothingofAllah'sNamesorAttributesintheQur'anandtheSunnahthatshouldbeinterpreted.
Rather,thetextsinevitablyincludeindicationsoftheintendedmeanings,whichshouldbeacknowledgedas
belongingtoAllahinthewaythatbefitsHimwithnoneedforanyallegoricalinterpretationthatcontradicts
theostensiblemeaningofAllah'sWords
andthewordsofHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim),whileweshouldleavetheissueofitsnaturetothe www.ircpk.com
Lord(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe).ThisstanceisalreadypointedoutinthesayingsoftheImamsofAhlul
Sunnah.
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NooneofscholarsdeclaresIbnHajarorotherscholars,whoslippedintothepitfallofTa'wil,tobedisbelieversandthe
Madhhabofthescholaristhatwhichheholdsbeforedeath.
A lSabunythenstatedinhisfiftharticlemayAllahguidehimandgranthimsuccess"Yet,hopeSalafibrothers
wouldescapetheburdenofmisleadingtheUmmahanddeclaringtheImamsoftheMuslimsandscholarsof
Fiqh,Hadith,andTafsir(Exegesis)whofollowtheMadhhabofAlAshaìrah,tobedisbelievers.Whatwouldwe
gainifwesplitthelineoftheMuslimsandaccusesomeonelikeShaykhulIslamIbnHajarAlÀsqalany,the
commentatorof A lBukhari,ofdisbelief?Hethenreferredtosomeotherscholarsandsaid,"Allthoseandother
reveredImamsfollowedtheMadhhabofImamAlAshàry..."(EndofQuote)
A : NoneoftheSalafischolarsdeclaresthosescholarstobedisbelievers.Rather,theyuncovertheirmistakes
asregardsTa'wilofmanyAttributesandexplainthatitisoppositetotheMadhhabofAhlulSunnah.Thus,
theydonotdeclarethemtobedisbelieversordisrupttheunityoftheUmmahorevensplittheirlines.
Rather,thisisadviceforthesakeofAllahandHisslaves,anillustrationofthetruth,refutationoftheclaims
oftheiropponentsthroughtextualandlogicalevidence,performanceofwhatAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbe
He)obligedscholarstodo,includingexplainingthetruth,carryingoutDa`wah(callingtoIslam),and
guidingtoAllah'sWay.Hence,iftheadvocatesoftruthrefrainfromunfoldingthetruth,thoseonthewrong
sidewillpersistintheirmistakesandotherswouldimitatethemintheirmistakes.Inturn,thosewhorefrain
fromunfoldingthetruthwoulddrawonthemselvesthesinofwithholdingthetruth,asinthatAllah
(GlorifiedbeHe)warnedthosewhocommititinHissaying, Verily,thosewhoconcealtheclearproofs,evidenceand
theguidance,whichWehavesentdown,afterWehavemadeitclearforthepeopleintheBook,theyaretheonescursedbyAllh
andcursedbythecursers.
Exceptthosewhorepentanddorighteousdeeds,andopenlydeclare(thetruthwhichtheyconcealed).These,Iwillaccepttheir
Moreover,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)tookthe
repentance.AndIamtheOneWhoacceptsrepentance,theMostMerciful.
covenantfromthePeopleoftheBooktomakeitknownandcleartomankind,andcondemnedthemfor
throwingitawaybehindtheirbacksandalsowarnedusagainstfollowingthem.
Thus,ifthefollowersoftruthrefrainfromexposingthemistakesofthosewhoopposetheQur'anandthe
Sunnah,theywouldresemblethePeopleoftheBookwhoearnedAllah'sAngerandwentastray.Then,we
sayto A lSabuny,"ThescholarsofAlAshaìraharenotamongthefollowersofAbuAlHasanAlAshàry,sincehe
recantedTa'wilontheAttributesandassumedtheMadhhabofAhlulSunnahWalJamaàhasregards
affirmationof(Divine)NamesandAttributesandacknowledgementofthemjustastheyarementioned
withoutTahrif(distortionofthemeaning),Ta`til(denialofAllah'sAttributes),Takyif(questioningAllah's
Attributes),orTamthil(likeningAllah'sAttributestothoseofHisCreation).Heexplainedthatinhistwo
books,AlIbanahandAlMaqamat.Therefore,itbecomesclearthatwhoeverperformsTa'wilonthe
AttributesfromamongthoseaffiliatedwithAlAshàryisnotreallyafollowerofhisnewMadhhab.Rather,he
wouldbeafollowerofhisoldMadhhab,knowingthattheMadhhabofthescholaristhelasttowhichhe
adheredandbelievedinbeforehisdeath,notthatwhichheclaimedearlierandthenrecanted.Hence,we
shouldbeawareofthisandbecautiousagainstthosewhoconfusemattersandputthingsinotherthantheir
duepositions.Afterall,weaskforthehelpofAllahAlone.
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AlAshaìraharenotofAhlulSunnahbecausetheydonotaffirmtheAttributes
17.A lSabunymentionedinhissixtharticle,whichopenswithhissaying,"Thisisaplainstatement
formankind.TheTa'wil(allegoricalinterpretation)ofsomeversesandHadithsonAttributes
doesnotruletheMuslimoutofAhlulSunnah,sincesomeofitarewrongwhilesomeothers
areright.Besides,thereareexplicitversesonTa'wilthatwereallegoricallyinterpretedby
theCompanions,theTabiùn(Followers,thegenerationaftertheCompanionsofthe
Prophet),andnoonecoulddareaccusethemofaberrationorrulethemoutofAhlulSunnah".
Then,hegaveexamplesofthis,includingAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying, TheyhaveforgottenAllh,so
Hehasforgottenthem. TheexamplesalsoincludeversesonAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)mocking
atthemockers,scoffingatthescoffers,andplanningagainsttheplotters,andalsothe
authenticHadithaboutAllah's(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)saying, IwassickbutyoudidnotvisitMe
andIaskedfoodfromyoubutyoudidnotfeedMe. Hewentontosay,"Thus,thecaseisnotlikewhatsome
peoplethink,namely,thattheMadhhaboftheSalaf(righteouspredecessors)doesnot
involveTa'wilatall.Rather,theMadhhaboftheSalafrequiresallegoricalinterpretationof
whatshouldinevitablybeallegoricallyinterpreted."(Endofquote)
A : Thisclaimrequiresdetail.Itincludestruthandfalsehood,forhisclaimthatperforming
Ta'wilinsomeofAllah'sAttributesdoesnotremoveaMuslimfromAhlulSunnahisgenerally
true,sincethepersonwhoperformsTa'wilofsomeofAllah'sAttributes,suchasAlAshaìrah,isnot
consequentlyremovedfromtheMuslimsorfromAhlulSunnah,asregardsmattersotherthan
theAttributes.Yet,heisnotincludedinAhlulSunnahwhenitcomestotheiraffirmationof
theAttributesanddisaffirmationofTa'wil.AlAshaìrahandtheirlikesarenotincludedinAhlul
SunnahasregardstheaffirmationoftheAttributes,sincetheydisagreewiththeminthis
matterandassumedifferentapproach.This,however,requiresrepudiatingthem,exposing
theirmistakeasregardsTa'wil,andexplainingthatitisoppositetotheapproachofAhlul
SunnahWalJamaàh,asisalreadystatedinthefirstofthepresentnotes.Thereisno
probleminsayingthatAlAshaìraharenotamongAhlulSunnahasregards(Divine)Namesand
Attributes,eventhoughtheyareamongthemasregardsothermatters.Inthisway,anyone
reviewingtheirMadhhabwouldrecognizethattheymakeamistakewhentheyperformed
Ta'wilonsomeAttributesanddisagreewiththeCompanionsoftheProphet(peacebeupon
him)andthosewhograciouslyfollowedtheminthismatter.This,inturn,wouldimply
confirmationoftruthandsettingAhlulSunnahandAlAshaìrahinthepositionswheretheyreally
are.
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ItisimpermissibletoascribeTa'wilofAllah'sAttributestotheSalafinanyway.
ItisalsoimpermissibletoascribeTa'wiltoAhlulSunnahasitistheoppositeoftheirMadhhab.
Onthecontrary,Ta'wilisascribedto A lAshaìrahandtheotherinnovatorsinreligion,whoallegorically
interpretedtextsincorrectly.
Asfortheexamplesquotedbyfellow A lSabunythatrefertoTa'wilwithAhlulSunnah,theybearno
argumentinthispoint.ThesayingsofquotedscholarsdoesnotinvolveTa'wilbutexplanationofthe
meaningandremovalofconfusionforsomepeople,asregardstheirmeanings.Asfor,Allah's(Exaltedbe
He)saying, TheyhaveforgottenAllh,soHehasforgottenthem. forgettingheredoesnotreallymeanthat
mentionedinAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying, andyourLordisneverforgetful orinHis(ExaltedbeHe)saying, in
aRecord.MyLordneithererrsnorHeforgets. Ithasameaningdifferentformtheaffirmedforgetting.Forgettingis
affirmedinAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying, TheyhaveforgottenAllh,soHehasforgottenthem. meansHe(Exalted
beHe)leftthemintheiraberrationandabandonedthembecausetheyneglectedHisCommandsandturned
awayfromHisreligionduetotheirhypocrisyanddenial.ThekindofforgettingthatisdisaffirmedforAllah
(ExaltedbeHe)isthatwhichdenotesamnesiaandoblivionforAllah(ExaltedbeHe)isfarabovesuch
forgettingduetoHisPerfectOmniscienceandEncompassingKnowledgeofalltheaffairsandconditionsof
Hisslaves.Indeed,HeistheLiving,theOneWhosustainsandprotectsallthatexistsnoslumberorsleep
overtakesHim.MayHebeGlorifiedandExaltedaboveallthis.Thus,itbecomesclearthatexplaining
forgettingtomeanabandonmentinAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying, Thehypocrites,menandwomen,areonefrom
anothertheyenjoin(onthepeople)AlMunkar(i.e.disbeliefandpolytheismofallkindsandallthatIslmhasforbidden),andforbid
(people)fromAlM a rf(i.e.IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmordersonetodo),andtheyclosetheirhands[fromgiving
(spendinginAllhsCause)alms.].TheyhaveforgottenAllh,soHehasforgottenthem. doesnotinvolveTa'wil.Rather,itis
awayofinterpreting'forgetfulness'inthiscontextthroughitslinguisticmeaning,since
"Nisyan"(forgetfulness)isawordthathasmultipleconnotationsandthus,itsmeaningdiffersaccordingto
itscontext,asexplainedbyscholarsof
exegesis(mayAllahbemercifulwiththem).Commentingonthemeaningoftheverse,thosewhoforgotAllh(i.e.became
disobedienttoAllh),AlHafizhIbnKathir(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim) TheyhaveforgottenAllh "Thatistosay,
theyabandonedremembranceofAllahandsoAllahabandonedthemi.e.Hetreatedtheminthewaythose
whoforgetthemdo.ThisislikeAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying, Anditwillbesaid:ThisDayWewillforgetyouasyou
forgottheMeetingofthisDayofyours. (Endofquote).
Likewise,whatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)mentionedofHismockingatthemockers,scoffingatthescoffersand
planningagainsttheplottersisinnoneedforTa'wilsinceitisstatedbywayofcorrespondencei.e.the
rewardcorrespondswiththedeed.Thus,Allah's(ExaltedbeHe)mockingatthemockerswasequitable,and
sowasHisplotting(planning)againsttheplotters,andscoffingatthescoffers.Moreover,whatisequitable
isalsoincomplete,andsuchactionsareattributedtoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)becauseHe(ExaltedbeHe)didit
inawaythatbefitsHisMajestyandGloryandthatisinnowaysimilartotheactionsofthecreatures.In
addition,His(ExaltedbeHe)enemiescommittedtheseactionsinoppositionto,disbeliefin,andrepudiation
ofthetruth,soAllah(ExaltedbeHe)rewardedtheminamannerthatdoesnotresembletheirsandthatis
knowntononeotherthanHim(ExaltedbeHe).Indeed,Allahwillednotinjusticetothem,buttheydid
injusticetothemselves.AmongAllah'splanningagainst,plottingandmockingatthemisgivingarespiteto
them,grantingthemadelay,anddeferringpunishmentfromthem.ThisincludesthelightthatHeshowsthe
hypocritesontheDayofJudgmentandthendeprivesthemofit,asAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says
inSurahAlHadid, OntheDaywhenthehypocritesmenandwomenwillsaytothebelievers:"Waitforus!Letusget
somethingfromyourlight!"Itwillbesaid:"Gobacktoyourrear!Thenseekalight!"Soawallwillbeputupbetweenthem,witha
gatetherein.Insideitwillbemercy,andoutsideitwillbetorment." (Thehypocrites)willcallthebelievers:"Werewenotwith
you?"Thebelieverswillreply:"Yes!Butyouledyourselvesintotemptations,youlookedforwardforourdestructionyoudoubted(in
Faith)andyouweredeceivedbyfalsedesires,tilltheCommandofAllhcametopass.Andthechiefdeceiver(Satan)deceivedyouin
respectofAllh." SothisDaynoransomshallbetakenfromyou(hypocrites),norofthosewhodisbelieved,(intheOnenessof
AllhIslmicMonotheism).YourabodeistheFire.Thatisyourmaul(friendproperplace),andworstindeedisthatdestination.
ScholarsofexegesisfromAhlulSunnahalsosaidwordstothesameeffect.
A lI ma mIbnJarir(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)said,afterquotingthesayingsofscholarsofexegesison
themeaningofAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying, Allhmocksatthem "Thecorrectstanceofsayingsand
interpretationsaccordingtousisthatthemeaningofmockingaccordingtotheusageoftheArabsisforthe
onewhomockstoshowtheonemocked,wordsanddeedswhatostensiblysatisfyhim,whileinfacthis
wordsanddeedswouldbecarryinganoffensivemeaning(atthemetaphoricallevel).Suchisthemeaningof
deception,mockeryandcunningness.Thecasebeingso,Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)hasassignedforthe
hypocritesintheworldlylifebecauseoftheirverbalacknowledgmentofAllahandHisMessengerandof www.ircpk.com
whattheMessengerwassentwithfromAllahrulingsthatallowthemaccesstothosecoveredbythename
Islam,eventhoughthey(hypocrites)inrealityharborsomethingelse.He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
assignedforthemtherulingsthatapplyto(true)MuslimswhodevoutlyembraceIslam,bywordsaswellas
byhearts,sounddetermination,andpraiseworthydeedsthatbringaboutforthemvalidIman,althoughHe
(GlorifiedbeHe)knowsabouttheirlyingandisawareoftheirviciousbeliefsanddoubtsinwhatthey
verballyclaimthattheyarebelievers.Thus,theythoughttheywouldbeallowedpassagethroughwhichthe
believerswouldpassandentranceintowheretheywouldenter.AlthoughAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
showsthemtherulingsappliedtotruebelieversinworldlylifeandintheHereafteranduntilHe
distinguishesbetweenthemandHisAwliya'(piouspeople)andseparatesbetweenbothHestatesthatHeis
preparingforthemofagonizingtormentandextremepunishmentwhatHehaspreparedforHis
archenemiesandthemostwickedslaves.He(GlorifiedbeHe)hasdistinguishedbetweenthemandHis
Alwiya'.Thus,Hewouldcastthemintothelowestdepths(grade)oftheFireasapunishmentfortheir
deeds.Indeed,thisisajustpunishmentforthem,whichtheyhavedeservedlyearnedbecausethey
disobeyedHim.Inthisway,AllahthroughshowingthemthattherulingsappliedtoHisAwliya'appliesto
theminspiteoftheirbeingHis
enemiesandgatheringthemwiththebelieversintheHereafterthoughtheyareliarsanddisbelieversuntil
Heseparatesthemfromthebelieverswhilemockingat,taunting,floutinganddeceivingthem.Ifmockery,
cunningness,anddeceptionweretomeanwhatismentionedabovewithouttheleastinjusticeonHisPart,
thiswouldbethemeaninginallcaseswhenthemannercharacterizingmockingandthelikesareas
stated."(Endofquote)
A lHafizhIbnKathir(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)saidinhiscommentaryonAllah's
(ExaltedbeHe)saying, OntheDaywhenthehypocritesmenandwomenwillsaytothebelievers:Waitforus!Let
usgetsomethingfromyourlight! IbnAbuHatemsaid,"MyfathertoldusthatÀbdahIbnSulaymantoldusthatIbnAl
MubaraktoldusthatSafwanIbnÀmrtoldusthatSulaymIbnÀmirsaid:"Wewentoutwithafuneralatthe
gatewayofDamascus,accompaniedbyAbuUmamahAlBahily.Whenthefuneralprayerwasperformedandthey
wereburyingthedeceased(person),AbuUmamahsaid,'Opeople,youarehereinaplacewhereyoushare
gooddeedsandevildeedseachmorningandevening.However,youareabouttomoveawayfromhereinto
anotherabode(referringtothegrave)theabodeofloneliness,theabodeofdarkness,theabodeofworms,
andtheabodeofnarrowness,exceptthatwhichAllahhasmadeitspacious.Next,youwillmovefromitinto
thespotsoftheDayofResurrection.YouwillbeatsomeofthesespotswhenaCommandfromAllahcomes
uponthepeople,andthensomefaceswillbecomewhiteandsomefaceswillbecomeblack.Thereupon,you
willmoveintoanotherabodewherethickdarknesswillcomeuponthepeople.Then,thelightwillbe
dividedthebelieverwillbegivenalightwhilethedisbelieversandthehypocritewillbegivennothing.The
exampleofsuchcaseisgivenbyAllah(ExaltedbeHe)inHisBookasHesays, Or[thestateofadisbeliever]islike
thedarknessinavastdeepsea,overwhelmedwithwavestoppedbywaves,toppedbydarkclouds,(layersof)darknessupon
darkness:ifamanstretchesouthishand,hecanhardlyseeit!AndheforwhomAllhhasnotappointedlight,forhimthereisno
light. Hence,thedisbelieverandthehypocritewillnotbeguidedbythelightofthebeliever,justas
theblindpersonisnotguidedbythesightoftheseeingperson.Inturn,thehypocritemenandwomenwill
saytothebelievingpeople, Waitforus!Letusgetsomethingfromyourlight!Itwillbesaid:Gobacktoyourrear!Thenseek
alight! ThisisthetrickwithwhichAllahdeceivesthehypocrites,asHesays, thehypocritesseektodeceiveAllh,
butitisHeWhodeceivesthem. Thus,theywillreturntotheplacewherethelightwasdivided,andtheretheywill
findnothing.Hence,theywillgobacktothem(thebelievers)tofindthatawallhasbeensetupbetween
themwithagatetherein, Insideitwillbemercy,andoutsideitwillbetorment. Yet,SulaymIbnÀmirsays,"The
hypocriteremainsdeceiveduntilthelightisdividedandAllahdistinguishesbetweenthehypocriteandthe
believer".Then,hesaid:MyfathertoldusthatYahyaIbnÙthmantoldusthatIbnHaywahtoldusthatArta'ahIbnAl
MundhirtoldusthatYusufIbnAlHajjajreportedtousontheauthorityofAbuUmamahwhosaid,"OntheDayof
Resurrection,AllahwillsenddarknessnobelieverordisbelievercouldseethepalmofhishanduntilAllah
sendsthelighttothebelievers(inamounts)paralleltotheirdeeds.Then,thehypocriteswillfollowthem
andsay, Waitforus!Letusgetsomethingfromyourlight! However,AlÀwfy,AlDahhak,andothersreportedfromIbn
Àbbas:Whilepeopleareindarkness,Allahsendsalightandwhenthebelieversseethelight,theyheadfor
it.ThislightisaguidefromAllahtoParadise.Then,whenthehypocritesseethatthebelievershavegone
ahead,theyfollowthem.Yet,Allahdrownsthehypocritesindarkness,andthentheysay, Waitforus!Letus
getsomethingfromyourlight! Wewerewithyouintheworldlylife.Thebelieversreply,"Gobacktoyourrearto
thedarknesswhenceyouhavecome,andseekthelighttherein!"(EndofthewordsofAlHafizhIbnKathir).
ItisevidentfromwhatIbnJarirandIbnKathir(mayAllahbemercifulwiththem)mentionedthatmockingat,
deceiving,plootingagainstthedisbelieversandthehypocrites
areinterpretedaccordingtotheliteralmeaning,astheydonotneedallegoricalinterpretation.Foritisthe
rightofAllah,ajustpunishmentonthemwhichisrepaidtotheminkind(oftheirdeeds),inawaythat
befitsAllah(ExaltedbeHe).However,itisnotsimilartowhathasbeencommittedbyHisenemies,since
Allah's(ExaltedbeHe)AttributesandActionsbefitHim,andtheyareallRightandJust.Yet,nooneknows
theirnatureexceptAllah(ExaltedbeHe).Indeed,peopleknowofthemwhatHe(GlorifiedandExaltedbe
He)hasinformedinHisGloriousBookorthroughHistrustworthyProphet(maythebestofpeaceand
blessingsbeuponhimfromhisLord).
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AScholarisNotedforHisConformitywiththeQur'anandSunnah
A lSabunyreportedinhissixtharticleaswellasinsomeofhispreviousarticlesfromShaykhulIslam,Ibn
Taymiyah(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)that"ScholarsaretheAdvocatesofÙlumulDin(sciencesofthe
religion)andAlAshaìraharetheAdvocatesofUsululDin(principlesofthereligion).(Endofquote).
HethenaddedthatthesayingisquotedfromthefourthvolumeofAlFatawa.Yet,referringtoAlFatawa,
(vol.4,p.16),itwasdiscoveredthatthesayingbelongstoJuristAbuMuhammadandnottoShaykhulIslam.
Thus,themistakeofAlSabunyasregardsthemisquotationbecomesmanifest.Supposinghiswordsistrue,
theydonotprovethatAlAshaìraharenottobecondemnedfortheirmistakes.FortheSharìrulewhichis
pointedoutbyShaykhulIslamIbnTaymiyah(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)andotherscholarsdictatethat
ascholarispraisedforthemattersinwhichheconformstotheQur'anandtheSunnahandiscondemned
forthingsinwhichhedisagreeswiththeQur'anandtheSunnah.ThissayingofShaykhulIslam(mayAllah
bemercifulwithhim)isthetruth,whichisadoptedbyAhlulSunnahWalJamaàhforAlAshaìrahandothers
aretobepraisedforwhattheystatedandwroteinsupportoftruthinUsululDinaswellasinotherfields
buttheyareblamedfortheirmistakesoutoftheaffirmationofthetruthandinrefutationoffalsehood,so
thatlessenlightenedpeoplewouldnotbeconfused.ItisAllahAlonewhosehelpweseek.
A lSabunystatedinhissixtharticle,"ItisreportedintheauthenticHadiththat 'Threearefromtherootsoffaithto
refrainfrom(harming)whoeversays:ThereisnogodbutAllah,andnottodeclarehimadisbelieverbecauseofasin,andbeliefin
decrees' orwordstothateffect.(Endofquote)
ConsultingthereliablecollectionsofHadithrevealsthatitisveryweak(Daìf),andAlSuyutyreferredtoitinAl
Jami`withthesignofDaìf.ItisalsoreportedbyAbuDawudfromYazidibnAbuNushbahfromAnas(mayAllahbe
pleasedwithhim)butYazidisanunknownpersonasstatedinAlTahdhibWaAlTaqrib.AlManawysaidin
FaydAlQadir,"NooneoftheauthorsoftheSixHadithCompilers,exceptAbuDawud,reportedfromYazidibnAbu
Nushbah,whoisunknown,asstatedbyAlMezyandothers.
Thus,itbecomesclearthattheaffirmationbyAlSabunythatitisanauthentic(Hadith)isincorrect.Rather,itis
moreappropriatetosayaboutthelikesofthishadith,"Ruwiyai.e.narrated"fromtheProphet(peacebe
uponhim)"usingtheformulaofweakness"Ruwiyai.e.narrated"asthescholarsstateintheirnarrationof
theDaìfhadiths. A lSabuny,however,didnotciteitswordingasitwasmentioned.Hereis,dearreader,the
wordingofitthroughthenarrationofAbuDawudformorebenefit,"SaìdibnMansurfromAbuMuàwiyahfromJa`far
ibnBurqanf r o mYazidibnAbuNushbahfromAnasibnMalikwhosaidthatAllah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim)
said, Threeareofthefundamentalsoffaith:(I)Refrainingfrom(harming)whoeversays:ThereisnogodbutAllah,and
abstainingfromdeclaringapersonadisbelieverbecauseofasinandfromregardinghimnotMuslimbecauseofadeed.(II)Jihad
(strivingforAllah'sCause)shallcontinuesinceAllahsentmeasaprophetuntilthelastofmyUmmah(nation)fighttheDajjal
(Antichrist),neitherthetyrannyofatyrantnorthejusticeofajustonemayceaseit.(III)Thebeliefindecrees." (Endofquote)
Themeaningindicatedbythehadithisreferredtoinotherauthentichadiths,andacknowledgingits
meaningisthebeliefofAhlulSunnahWalJamaàh,astheybelievethatwhoevertestifiesthatthereisno
godbutAllahandthatMuhammadistheMessengerofAllah,adherestoitsmeaningandabstainsfromwhat
invalidatesIslam,weshouldrefrainfromharmingthemandhisaffairsarewithAllah(GlorifiedandExalted
beHe).ThisisinlinewiththeHadithoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)relatedbytheTwoShaykhs(Al
BukhariandMuslim)fromIbnÙmar(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemboth): Ihavebeencommandedtofightagainst
peopletilltheytestifythatthereisnogodbutAllah,andthatMuhammadistheMessengerofAllah,performthePrayer,andpay
Zakah.Iftheydothat,theirbloodandpropertyareguaranteedprotectiononmybehalfexceptwhenjustifiedbylaw,andtheiraffairs
restwithAllah(mayHebeGlorifiedandExalted). AnotherbeliefofAhlulSunnahisthattheMuslim
isnottobedeclaredadisbelieverifhecommitsoneofthesinsthatdonotrisetodisbelieforbeexpelled
fromthefoldofIslamthroughoneoftheactsthatdonotmakehimapolytheistunliketheviewofAlKhawarij
(separatistgroupthatbelievescommittingamajorsinamountstodisbelief).Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says,
Verily,AllhforgivesnotthatpartnersshouldbesetupwithHim(inworship),butHeforgivesexceptthat(anythingelse)towhomHe
wills
ItseemsasifAlSabunymentionsthishadithtodrawtheconclusionthatitisobligatorytoavoidengagingin
talkaboutAlAshaìrahandexposingtheirmistakesand,likewise,themistakesofotherIslamicsects.Thecase
isnotashealleged,sincethementionedhadithtakingitasauthenticdoesnotindicatethelegitimacyof
refrainingfromexposingthemistakesofthosewhodisagreeswithwhatisright.Itdoesnotprove
abandonmentofenjoininggoodandforbiddingevilorofexposingthemistakesofmistakenpeoplesandthe
errorsoferringpartiesof A lAshaìrahandothers.Rather,alltheproofsfromtheQur'anandtheauthentic
Sunnahimplytheobligationofenjoininggoodandforbiddingevil,repudiatingtheclaimsofthosewho
disagreewiththetruth,andguidingthemtothestraightpath,sothatthosewhoweretobedestroyed(for
theirrejectingtheFaith)mightbedestroyedafterclearevidence,andthosewhoweretolive(i.e.believers)
mightliveafterclearevidence,aswasindicatedabove.Yet,themeaningofthehadithincaseitisauthentic
istorefrainfromfightingthosewhodeclareIslamanduttertheKalimahofMonotheism(LailahaillaAllah) www.ircpk.com
untiltheiraffairsarereviewedafterwards,andtotreattheminthewaytheydeserveaccordingtolegal
evidence.ThisisindicatedbyotherauthenticHadithstowhichwehavealreadyreferredabove.Allah
(ExaltedbeHe)istheGuidetosuccess,andHe(Alone)isSufficientforus,andHeistheBestDisposerof
affairs(forus).Indeed,thereisnomightorpowerbutwithAllah.
Finally,allPraiseisduetoAllah.MayAllah'sPeaceandBlessingsbeuponHisservant,Messenger,and
TrusteeoverRevelation,Chosenservant,theImamofMujahids,andtheProphetoftheLordoftheWorlds
ourprophetMuhammad,anduponhisfamily,Companions,andthosewhofollowhiswayandguidance
untiltheLastDay.
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ExplanationoftheAyahwhosemeaningssay: TheHandofAllhisovertheirhands
F r o mÀbdulÀzizBinÀbdullahibnBaztotherespectedbrother,Assalamuàlaykumwarahmatullah
wabarakatuh(MayAllah'sPeace,Mercy,andBlessingsbeuponyou!)Toproceed:
WithreferencetoyourFatwarequestregisteredintheDepartmentofScholarlyResearchandIfta'no.3137
dated11/7/1408A.H.,itreads:WeattendedaTafsir(exegesisofthemeaningsoftheQur'an)seminarheld
inaMasjid(mosque)calledAbuAlHaythamibnAlTayhanandlocatedinSalibiayhdistrictinKuwait.TheShaykh
interpretedtheSayingofAllah(whosemeaningstranslatedas): TheHandofAllhisovertheirhands. Hesaidthat
thisAyahhasmorethanonemeaning.ItcanbeAllah'sHelpgiventothem,Allah'sPowerwiththem,or
Allah'sKnowledgeoftheirconditionsandintentions.Aftertheseminarfinished,onebrothertoldtheShaykh
thathisinterpretationofthisAyahgoesagainstÀqidah(creed)ofAhlulSunnahwalJamaàh(adherents
totheSunnahandtheMuslimmainstream)andcomplieswiththeviewsofAshaìrah(aMuslimgroupthatbasesits
creedalissuesonlogic).TheShaykhwasannoyedandrepliedthat A lMawardyandIbnKathirmentionedthis
interpretationintheirbooks.ThemancorrectedhimsayingthatIbnKathirdidnotstatethat,butitisAlMawardy
whoadvocatedAshaìrah.ThedebateheatedandpeoplebehavedaggressivelylabelingthemanaChristian
andBuddhistandtheywereabouttobeathimbutsomeprotectedhim.Allahknowsthatthismanwantedto
explainthetruthoutofhisjealousyfortheMuslimÀqidahandtheimpermissibilitytodelaythedeclaration
beyondthetimeofneed.Themansuggestedthattheissuebereferredtoyouandtheyagreed.Wouldyou
pleaseenlightenus.MayAllahrewardyouthebest.Waitingforyourreply.
PleasebeinformedthatourcreedistoaffirmAllah'sAttributeofhavingaHandandtheotherattributes
statedbyHiminHisNobleBookorbyHisMessengerMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)inthepurified
Sunnah.However,thisHandissuchasbefitsAllah'sMajestywithoutTakyif(descriptivedesignationof
Allah'sAttributes)orTamthil(likeningAllah'sAttributestothoseofHisCreation)orTahrif(distortionofthe
meaning)orTa`til(negationofthemeaningorfunctionofAllah'sAttributes).Webelievethatthereis
nothinglikeHimandHeistheAllHearer,theAllSeer.WedonotdenyanyofHisAttributeswithwhichHe
describedHimself.Wedonotchangethewordsfromtheir(right)places.Wedonotdiscussthenatureof
HisAttributes,orlikenHisAttributestothoseofHiscreation,becausethereisnothingthatcanbecompared
toHim,andHehasnopeer,equalorrival.JustasHe(GlorifiedbeHe)hasatrue"Self"whichisnotsimilar
tothatofHiscreatures,HedoesnotresembleanyofHiscreaturesinanyofHisAttributes.Confirmingthe
AttributesoftheCreatordoesnotentailcomparingthemtothoseofthecreated.Thisisthedoctrineofthe
Salaf(righteouspredecessors)includingSahabah(CompanionsoftheProphet),Tabiùn(Followers,the
generationaftertheCompanionsoftheProphet)andtheirfollowersfromthebestthreegenerationsofIslam
andtheirsuccessorstothisday.
Shaykhu lIslamIbnTaymiyyah(mayAllahbemercifultohim)stated:Morethanonescholarreportedthatthe
SalafunanimouslyagreedthattheliteralmeaningsoftheAttributesoftheCreator(GlorifiedandExaltedbe
He)shouldbeacceptedaccordingtotheirapparentimplicationwithoutanyTakyiforTashbihtothecreated.
DiscussingtheAttributescomesundertheheadingofdiscussingtheDivineSelf.Whateverissaidaboutthe
DivineSelf,thesamecaninallrespectsbesaidabouttheDivineAttributes.IftheSelfisaffirmedtoexist
withoutdescriptivedesignation,thesameappliestotheAttributes.WeaffirmtheexistenceofeveryAttribute
withoutdescribingitsmanner.WesaythatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)hasaHandandEyes,butwedonotsay
thatHisHandimpliesPowerandHisHearingimplieshavingknowledge.Thenhe(mayAllahbemercifulto
him)quotedasevidenceaffirmingAllah'sAttributeofhavingaHandthefollowingAyah: TheJewssay:Allhs
Handistiedup(i.e.HedoesnotgiveandspendofHisBounty).Betheirhandstiedupandbetheyaccursedforwhattheyuttered.
Nay,bothHisHandsarewidelyoutstretched.Hespends(ofHisBounty)asHewills. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsohassaidto
Iblis(Satan): WhatpreventsyoufromprostratingyourselftoonewhomIhavecreatedwithBothMyHands. He(Glorifiedbe
He)alsosays: TheymadenotajustestimateofAllhsuchasisduetoHim.AndontheDayofResurrectionthewholeofthe
earthwillbegraspedbyHisHandandtheheavenswillberolledupinHisRightHand.
Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: BlessedbeHeinWhoseHandisthedominion Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: In

YourHandisthegood.Verily,YouareAbletodoallthings. ThenincommentaryontheseAyahs,IbnTaymiyyah(may
Allahbemercifultohim)said:TheseAyahsmeanthatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)hastwoHandsinamanner
whichsuitsHisMajestyandthatHecreatedAdamwiththemunliketheangelsandIblis.Also,Allah(Exalted
beHe)willgrasptheearthandfoldtheheavensinHisRightHandandthatHisbothHandsarewidely
outstretched.Thewordoutstretchedimpliesgenerosityandfreegiving,foractsofgenerosityareoftenwith
thehandstretchedout,whereaswhenholdingbackthehandsareclaspedclosetotheneck,asAllah
(ExaltedbeHe)says: Andletnotyourhandbetied(likeamiser)toyourneck,norstretchitforthtoitsutmostreach(likea
spendthrift),sothatyoubecomeblameworthyandinseverepoverty.
Conventionally,whensomeoneisdescribedashavingwidelyoutstretchedhands,itisunderstoodthatthe
personhashandsinatrueliteralsense.IbnTaymiyah(mayAllahbemercifultohim)statedthattheplural www.ircpk.com
formofhand,i.e.handsisusedtoimplyneitherbountynorpower.Usingthesingularformtoexpress
numerousthingsorthepluralformtoexpressonethingisbaselessintheArabiclanguageinwhichthe
Qur'anwasrevealed.Thus,HandsinHisSaying: ...toonewhomIhavecreatedwithBothMyHands cannotmean
powerbecausethelatterisoneattribute.Itisincorrecttousethepluralform(hands)toexpressonething
(power).NordotheyimplybountybecausewecannotusetwohandstodenoteAllah'sBountieswhichare
countless.Thenhe(mayAllahbemercifultohim)quotedevidencefromtheSunnahthataffirmsAllah's
AttributeofhavingaHand.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: ThejustwillbewithAllahonpulpitsoflighton
therightHandoftheMostMerciful(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe),andbothHisHandsarerightthosewhoarejustintheirjudgment
andarefairwiththeirfamiliesandthoseofwhomtheyareincharge. (RelatedbyMuslim)He(peacebeuponhim)also
said: Allah'sHandisfullneverdiminishesnomatterhowmuchisgiven,generouslyandunceasinglyspending,nightandday.Do
youseewhatHehasspentsinceHecreatedtheHeavensandtheEarth?YetallthathasnotdecreasedwhatisinHisHand.
HisThronewasoverthewaterandinHisOtherHandthereistheBalanceHeraisesandlowers(whomHewills). (Relatedby
Muslim)ItisalsoreportedintheSahih(AuthenticHadithBook)ontheauthorityofAbuSaidAlKhudry(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)
thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: TheearthwillbeonesinglebreadontheDayofResurrectionwhichtheAlmightywillturn
inHisHandasoneofyouturnsaloafwhileonajourney. ItisalsoreportedintheSahihontheauthorityofIbnÙmar(mayAllahbe
pleasedwiththem)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: 'TheLord(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)willtakeinHisHandHis
heavensandearthandsay,'IamAllahtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)clenchedandopenedhisfingers(andcontinuednarrating)
IamtheKing.'SomuchsothatIlookedattheMinbar(pulpit)andsawitmovingunderneaththeMessengerofAllah(peacebeupon
him)andthoughtthatitwouldcausehim(peacebeuponhim)tofall. Accordingtoanothernarration: WhileontheMinbar(pulpit),
theProphet(peacebeuponhim)recitedtheAyah: TheymadenotajustestimateofAllhsuchasisduetoHim.AndontheDayof
ResurrectionthewholeoftheearthwillbegraspedbyHisHandandtheheavenswillberolledupinHisRightHand.GlorifiedbeHe,
andHighbeHeaboveallthattheyassociateaspartnerswithHim! He(peacebeuponhim)said,'AllahglorifyingHimselfwillsay:
IamtheAlmighty.' ItisalsoreportedintheSahihontheauthorityofAbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)said: AllahwillholdtheearthandfoldtheHeaveninHisrightHand,andsay,'IamtheKing!Wherearethe
kingsoftheearth?' AnotherauthenticHadithsays: (WhenAllahcreatedAdam)Allah,keepingHisTwoHandsclosed,saidtohim
(Adam),'Choosewhicheveryouwill.'Adamsaid,'IchoosetheRightHandofMyLordandbothHandsofmyLordareblessed.'Then
AllahspreadoutHisHand,andtherewereAdamandhisoffspring.
ItisreportedintheSahih: WhenAllahcreatedthecreationHewrotewithHisHandonHimself:Verily,MyMercyovercomesMy
Wrath. ItisalsoreportedintheSahih: TherewasanargumentbetweenAdamandMoses,inwhichAdamsaidtoMoses,'Youare
Moses!Allahchoseyou(abovemankind)byHisspeaking(toyou)andwrotewithHisownHandtheTorahforyou.'Mosessaid,'You
areAdam!AllahhascreatedyouwithHisHandandbreathedintoyouthesoulHecreatedforyou.' ItisreportedthatAllah(Exalted
beHe)says: ByMyMajestyandGlory,IwillnotmaketherighteousoffspringofthosewhomIcreatedwithMyHandslikethose
(othercreatures)towhomIsaid,'Be'andtheywere. ItisreportedintheSunan(Hadithcompilationsclassifiedbyjurisprudential
themes): AllahcreatedAdamandwipedhisbackwithHisRightHand,
andbroughtforthfromitanoffspring,saying,'IhavecreatedtheseforParadiseandthedeedsofthepeopleofParadisetheywillbe
doing.'Hethenwipedhisbackandbroughtforthfromitanoffspring,saying,'IhavecreatedtheseforHellfire,andthedeedsofthe
peopleofHellfiretheywillbedoing.' ShaykhulIslamstatedthattheseHadithsandothersstandasdecisivetextsclosedtoTa'wil
(allegoricalinterpretation).TheywereacceptedandauthenticatedbytheMuslimUmmah.TheQur'anandSunnahmanytimes
mentionAllah'sAttributeofhavingaHandincludingthatHe(ExaltedbeHe)createdwithHisHand,HisHandsarewidelyoutstretched
andthedominionisinHisHand.Also,theSunnahisrepletewithmentionofthisattribute.ItisimpossiblethattheMessengerofAllah
(peacebeuponhim)andtheImamsomittedtoexplaintopeoplethatthesetextsdonotimplytheapparentmeaningorshouldnotbe
interpretedintheliteralsense.ThatthiscontinueduntilJahmibnSafwancamealongtimeaftertheeraofSahabahtoexplainto
peoplewhatwasrevealedtotheirProphet(peacebeuponhim)!ThenBishribnGhiyathfollowedhispathaswellasothersaccusedof
hypocrisyimitatedhim.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)taughtuseverythingevenhowtomakeIstinja'(cleansingtheprivateparts
withwaterafterurinationordefecation).He(peacebeuponsaid)said:IhaveleftnothingwhichcanleadyoutoParadiseexceptthat
Iexplainedittoyou.Ihaveleftyouonwhite(clear)proofitsnightislikeitsday.Noneshalldeviatefromitaftermeexceptthatheis
destroyed.ItisillogicalafterthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)wouldignoretheclaimthatapparentmeaningsofthetexts
containedintheBookandSunnahimplyTajsim(anthropomorphism)andTashbihandthatwhoeverbelieveintheapparentmeanings
ismisguidedwithoutexplainingormanifestingthetruth.ItisalsoimpossiblethattheSalafsayweshouldpassthesetextsasthey
wererevealedwhiletheyintendthemetaphoricalmeaning.Iftheyhadimpliedmetaphoricallycertainattributes,theArabswouldhave
realizedthis.PersiansandRomanscannotbemoreknowledgeableofArabiclanguagethanthesonsofMuhajirun(Emigrantsfrom
MakkahtoMadinah)andAnsar(Helpers,inhabitantsofMadinahwhosupportedtheProphet).EndofQuote.Briefsummaryfrom
MajmuÀlFatawa,vol.6,pp.351373.Inthelightofwhatismentioned,itisclearforeveryonethatwhatthisyoungmansaidisthe
truth.
WeaskAllahtoguideusalltodotherightthingindeedsandwordsforHeisAllHearerandResponsive.Assalamuàlaykum
warahmatullahwabarakatuh!
www.ircpk.com

Islam:Acreed,Statement,andDeed
PraisebetoAllahAlone.PeaceandblessingsbeupontheLastProphetourProphetandImam,
Muhammad,uponhishouseholdandCompanions.
Inissueno.1590,datedDecember17,1983,ofAlNadwaJournal,theeditorpublishedanarticletitled,
"TheseIslamicPages".Inthisarticle,hestated,"AlmostalljournalshereandinmostoftheIslamic
countriespersistindevotingsomepagesorcolumnstotalksonIslameverynowandthen.Well,why(is
that)?ArenotthepeopleMuslimswhotestifythatthereisnogodbutAllahandthatMuhammadisHis
Messenger,evenifinword?DotheynotheartilybelievethattheyareMuslimsandcarrybirthcertificatesand
identitycardsthatsaytheyareMuslims?!(Surely,theanswerisyes)even,theconstitutionsofalmostall
theircountriesstatethattheirreligionisIslam.WhythendotheytalkmuchaboutIslam?Whatisthe
objectiveofthesejournalsorthesepages?DotheycallforPrayers?Themosquesarefullwithpraying
personswhoknowwellhowtostraightenthelinesandwhoreplytotheImam'ourlinesarestraightened'.Is
itacall,forexample,forHajj?Indeed,mostoftheMuslimshastentoperformHajjandAllahismoreaware
ofintentions.IsitacallforZakah?Indeed,manyofthempayZakah,voluntarilyorinvoluntarily.Verily,
Islamaboutwhichpeopletalkmuchimpliesallthesepillars.Yet,itimpliesthemasrulesuponwhichis
basedawholesystemoflifelifewithallofitsactivities,values,andvisionsthatclarifythatIslaminessence
is
alifesystemthatisbuiltonaspecialconceptionoflifewithallofitsvalues.Onthissoundbasis,allthe
systemsofgovernment,economy,education,morality,andinternationalrelationsbetweentheMuslim
countryandtherestoftheworldareestablished.Moreover,Da`wahtoIslammustrunaccordingtothis
conceptionaloneandinshaa'Allahwewilltrytomakethispageconformtosuchconception.Here,we
invitethereaders,whentheywritetoustotakethisconceptionintoconsiderationandthroughthisview".
AllthesearethewordsoftheeditoraspublishedinAlNadwaJournal.
SeekingguidancefromAllah,Isays:ItisdeeplyoddandstrikinglystrangethatawellknownwriterinUm
A lQura(MotherofTowns:Makkah)thecradleofrevelationwheretheriseofthesunoftheMessage
(Islam)begandaringlysetsouttopublishinafamousjournalanarticlewhichincontentinvitespeople
toturnawayfromtheirreligion.Itinvitesthemnottopropagateitsadvantages,callforit,orevenwarn
againstopposingit.Hedisapprovinglywonders,"ArenotallthepeopleMuslims...etc."andcallsthepeople
tobecontentedwithsheerverbalexpressionoftheirreligion,andworsethanthateventobemerely
contentedwithIslamicnames,suchasMuhammad,Àbdullah,ÀbdulRahman,andthelikes,andwitha
birthcertificateandinnerbeliefs.Heevencallsforlessthanthat,namely,affiliationwithacountrywhich
claimsthatitsconstitutionisIslam.GlorifiedbeAllah!Howdidhestooptothisabyssofignoranceandgoto
theextremebydisregardingIslamthroughhisarticlethoughheisawareoftheactivenessofpreachersin
callingfortheirfalsereligionsanddestructiveideologiessuchasBaathism,socialism,andcommunism?
Theydevotetheireffortstofocusandhighlighttheirmeritsandspendhugeamountsofmoneyinsupportof
suchpathsthatleadtoHell!
Oeditor!Haveyoubeensoabsentmindedtowritesuchaheinousarticleaboutthereligion
ofIslam,whichisthebestofreligionsandthedearesttoAllah.Itisareligionandastate,worshipand
Jihad,aswordandaMushaf(acopyoftheQur'an),andacultureanda(formof)government.Itistheway
ofreforminglifeandtheHereafterandofbringingabouthappinessforindividualsandcommunities,bothin
thepresentandfuturelife.Areligionthathasthesemeritsisundoubtedlyworthyofcallingforand
promulgatingitsadvantagesthroughfamousjournals,magazines,andperiodicals,onpulpits,andinall
festivitiesandmeetings.Isitnotworthydevotingeffortsandmoneytocallforitandurgingpeopleto
embraceit,takeitasajudge,anduprightlyadheretoitalongwithdisclosingthefalsehoodofother
religionsandideologies.HasnottheGloriousQur'an,whichisgreatestofallscripturesandthenoblestofall
constitutions,commandedcallingforIslamandpropagatingitsadvantages,restrictedprosperitytothose
callingforit,andjudgedthatitspeoplearethebestofpeopleseverraisedupformankindduetotheirbelief
initandcallingforit.Yet,ifyou(theeditor)forgetthat,listentoAllah's(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
saying, Say(OMuhammad ): "ThisismywayIinviteuntoAllh(i.e.totheOnenessofAllhIslmic
Monotheism)withsureknowledge,Iandwhosoeverfollowsme(alsomustinviteotherstoAllhi.e.totheOnenessofAllhIslmic
Monotheismwithsureknowledge). Inthisnobleverse,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)revealsthatthetrueandperfect
followersoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)arethosewhocalltoHisWaywithsureknowledge.Thisway
isIslam,whichyoudeniedthatitspeoplecallforit.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, Invite(mankind,O
Muhammad)totheWayofyourLord(i.e.Islm)withwisdom(i.e.withtheDivineRevelationandtheQurn)and
fairpreaching,andarguewiththeminawaythatisbetter. Inthisverse,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
commandedHisProphet(peacebeuponhim)tocallforIslamandtoargueforitinawaythatisbetter.You
andreadersknowthatwheneverareligionoranideologyisneglectedandleftwithoutcallingforit,itfades
anddies.Ifthisweretomeananything,itindicatesthatitsfollwoersturnedawayfromitandlosttheir www.ircpk.com
interestinit.HowdareyouignoreanysenseofhonorandofArabismandwritesuchanarticlethat
embodiesacalltoabandonIslam,turnawayfromit,andceasetomentionitincirculatingjournals.Whatis
thevalueofareligionlikethat!!GlorifiedbeAllah!HowgreatisIslam!Indeed,AllahisGreaterandmore
ExaltedandHisReligionistherebyGreaterandWeightierthanwhatyoumentioned,editor.
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, You[truebelieversinIslmicMonotheism,andrealfollowersofProphet
Muhammad ) andhisSunnah]arethebestofpeopleseverraisedupformankindyouenjoinAlMarf(i.e.
IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmhasordained)andforbidAlMunkar(polytheism,disbeliefandallthatIslmhasforbidden),and
youbelieveinAllh. He(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays, Letthereariseoutofyouagroupofpeopleinvitingtoallthatisgood
(Islm),enjoiningAlMarf(i.e.IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmordersonetodo)andforbiddingAlMunkar(polytheismand
disbeliefandallthatIslmhasforbidden).Anditistheywhoarethesuccessful. Healsosays, Andwhoisbetterinspeechthan
hewho[says:"MyLordisAllh(believesinHisOneness),"andthenstandsfirm(actsuponHisOrder),and]invites(men)toAllhs
(IslmicMonotheism),anddoesrighteousdeeds,andsays:"IamoneoftheMuslims." Oeditorandreaders,reflectupon
theseverses!SeehowtheLord(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)decreedsuccessforcallerstoAllahand
destinedthemtobethebestofpeoplesfornoneisbetterthantheminspeech!However,thewriterofthe
articlewarnsagainsttheirapproach,criticizestheirway,anddisapprovinglywondersatthem.Letusthus
ponderwhetherAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)ispleasedwiththeMuslimsformerecarryingofIslamic
namesorbelongingtoanIslamiccountryorHedemandedbeliefandaction,whichentailsuccess,
prosperity,andhappinessinworldlylifeandintheHereafter,fromtheMuslims.Indeed,thematteriscrystal
clearitisasclearasbroaddaylight.However,itisasAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, Verily,itisnot
theeyesthatgrowblind,butitistheheartswhichareinthebreaststhatgrowblind. Haditnotbeenforthefearthatsome
ignorantpeoplemaybedeceivedbythearticleanditsauthor,wewouldnothavebeenentitledtorefutehis
claims,sincethefalsityofhisclaimsismanifesttoallwhocomeuponitofthecommonMuslims,notto
mentiontheculturedamongthem.WeaskAllahtoguidetheauthorandtodirectusandhimtosincere
repentance.
Itisworthnotingthatheclaimedattheendofthearticle,afterhementionedPrayer,ZakahandHajj,that,
"Verily,Islamembodiesallthesepillars.Yet,itimpliesthemasrulesuponwhichisbasedawholesystemof
lifelifewithallthatisinitofactivitiesandwithallthatitincludesofvaluesandvisionswhichclarifythat
Islaminessenceisalifesystemthatisbuiltonaspecialconceptionoflifewithallthatisinitofvalues.On
thebasisofthissoundconception,allthesystemsofgovernment,economy,education,morality,etc."
A : WesaytothisauthorthatifIslamisareligionthatembodiesthesebasesandthatisfittoregulatelifein
allitsaspects,thenhowcouldyoudenyhispeople'scallingforitandpropagatingitsadvantages,andclaim
thatpeopleareMuslims,evenifbythemerename.Incasethemerenameissufficientfor(apersontobe)a
Muslim,thentheseobjectivesandbasesreferredtoabovewouldnotbefulfilled.Suchisanoddclaimand
weirdparadox,oramatterofconfusionanddeception.Whydidyounotmentionthatitisareligionon
whichtheuprightnessofouraffairsinworldlylifeandintheHereafter,andwhichpleasesitsfollowersin
thislifeandintheHereafter?Whydidyourestrictittothislifeonly?Doyouthinkthatthisreligioncame
onlytoredress(theaffairsof)worldlylifewithouthavingaconnectionwiththeHereafter?Surely,thecaseis
soclearthatitneedsnofurtherdetail.Besides,thosewiththeminimumknowledgeaboutIslamknowthatit
isaviablesystemthatencompasseseverythingthatbringsabouthappinessforhumanityinthislifeandin
theHereafter.However,deficiencybefallssomepeopleduetotheirlackofknowledgeaboutitortotheir
failuretoapplyitsrulings.Undoubtedly,pastandrecentrealitiestestifytothisfactandmakeitclearfor
whoevercontemplatestheconditionsoftheMuslimsduringtheearlyeraofIslamandafter.So,beware
Allah,writer,callyourselftoaccount,turntoyourLordinrepentance,andgobackonyourmistakes,since
returntotherightisavirtuerather,aninevitableobligation.Returningintherightisalsobetterforyou
bothinthepresentlifeandintheHereafterthantopersistinfalsehood.IaskAllahtodirectme,youandthe
restoftheMuslimstothatwhichpleasesHim,andtoguideustoHisWay.HeisindeedtheGreatestofall
thoseaskedandthehelpofHimAloneistobeaskedfor.ThereisnopowerormightbutwithAllahAlone.
AllahAloneisSufficientforus,andHeistheBestDisposerofaffairs(forus).Maythepeaceandblessingsof
AllahbeuponHisSlaveandMessenger,Muhammad,uponhishouseholdanduponhisCompanions.
www.ircpk.com

Someimportantgeneraladvice
PraisebetoAllahAlone.PeaceandblessingsbeupontheSealProphet,uponhishousehold,
andhisCompanions
FromÀbdulÀzizibnÀbdullahibnBaztowhoeverreadsthisoftheMuslims.MayAllahguidemeand
themtocomprehensionofreligiousknowledgeandconductmeandthemalongHisStraight
Path.
MayAllah'sPeace,Mercy,andBlessingsbeuponyou.
Thisadviceintendstodrawattentiontosomeabominableactsignorantlycommittedbymany
peopleasaresultofSatanictemptationandcorruptionoftheirmindsandthoughtsin
submissiontothewhimofthosewhocommitit.
AmongtheseactsisthatwhichIwasinformedaboutthatsomepeoplecallotherstoworship
them,allegingthingsthatcoulddeludethecommonpeopleintothebeliefthattheycould
disposeoftheaffairsoftheuniverseorthattheyarequalifiedtobeinvokedinorderto
benefitortoharm.SuchanactonthepartofthoseaberrantpeopleisanimitationofFiràun
(Pharaoh)andthelikesofevildisbelievers,sinceAllahAloneandnoneelsedeservesÌbadah
(tobeworshipped)duetoHisOmnipotence,Prescience,andnotbeinginneedofanyofHis
creatures.ForworshipofAllahAloneisthepurposeofsendingMessengersandBooksandfor
whichAllahcreatedthejinnandmankindandlegislatedJihad.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, And
I(Allh)creatednotthejinnandmankindexceptthattheyshouldworshipMe(Alone). He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
alsosays,
Andwhoismoreastraythanonewhocallson(invokes)besidesAllh,suchaswillnotanswerhimtilltheDayofResurrection,and
whoare(even)unawareoftheircalls(invocations)tothem? Andwhenmankindaregathered(ontheDayofResurrection),they
(falsedeities)willbecometheirenemiesandwilldenytheirworshipping. He(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays, Andwhoever
invokes(orworships),besidesAllh,anyotherilh(god),ofwhomhehasnoproofthenhisreckoningisonlywithhisLord.Surely!
A lKfirn(thedisbelieversinAllhandintheOnenessofAllh,polytheists,pagans,idolaters)willnotbesuccessful. Allah
(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: "AndinvokenotbesidesAllh,anysuchthatwillneitherprofityounorharmyou,butif(in
case)youdidso,youshallcertainlybeoneoftheZlimn(polytheistsandwrongdoers)." Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)also
says: Verily,AllhforgivesnotthatpartnersshouldbesetupwithHim(inworship),butHeforgivesexceptthat(anythingelse)to
whomHewills He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsosays, And(remember)whenLuqmnsaidtohissonwhenhe
wasadvisinghim:Omyson!JoinnotinworshipotherswithAllh.VerilyjoiningothersinworshipwithAllhisagreatZlm(wrong)
indeed. Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: ButtheMessiah[Is(Jesus)]said:"OChildrenofIsrael!WorshipAllh,my
LordandyourLord."Verily,whosoeversetsuppartners(inworship)withAllh,thenAllhhasforbiddenParadisetohim,andtheFire
willbehisabode.AndfortheZlimn(polytheistsandwrongdoers)therearenohelpers. Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)also
says: They(JewsandChristians)tooktheirrabbisandtheirmonkstobetheirlordsbesidesAllh(byobeyingtheminthingswhich
theymadelawfulorunlawfulaccordingtotheirowndesireswithoutbeingorderedbyAllh),and(theyalsotookastheirLord)
Messiah,sonofMaryam(Mary),whilethey(JewsandChristians)werecommanded[intheTaurt(Torah)andtheInjeel(Gospel)]to
worshipnonebutOneIlh(GodAllh)LilhaillaHuwa(nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutHe).PraiseandglorybetoHim
(faraboveisHe)fromhavingthepartnerstheyassociate(withHim)." Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: AndyourLord
ItisevidentintheseAyahs(Qur'anicverses)andothersthat
hasdecreedthatyouworshipnonebutHim.
worshippingotherthanAllahorassociatinganyoneelsewithHiminworshipsuchas
prophets,Awliya'(piouspeoplesing.Waliy),idols,trees,orstones,meansassociatingothers
withHim(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)inHisDivinity.Thiscontradictsthebeliefinthe
OnenessofAllahforthesakeofwhichHehascreatedthejinnandmankindandsent
MessengersandScripturestoexplainandcallforit.Suchisthemeaningof"LaIlahIllah
Allah."ItmeansnooneotherthanAllah(ExaltedbeHe)istrulyworthyofbeingworshipped.
Hence,itdisprovesworshipofotherthanAllahandestablishesitforAllahAlone,as
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, ThatisbecauseAllhHeistheTruth(theonlyTrueGodofallthatexists,Whohasno
partnersorrivalswithHim),andwhatthey(thepolytheists)invokebesidesHim,itisBtil(falsehood). Thisistheessenceof
thereligionandthebasisofthecreedwithoutthevalidityofwhich,actsofworshipareinvalid
sinceAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Andindeedithasbeenrevealedtoyou(OMuhammad),asitwas
tothose(AllhsMessengers)beforeyou:"IfyoujoinothersinworshipwithAllh,(then)surely(all)yourdeedswillbeinvain,and
youwillcertainlybeamongthelosers." He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays, ButiftheyhadjoinedinworshipotherswithAllh,
Duetothisgravematter,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)
allthattheyusedtodowouldhavebeenofnobenefittothem.
sentMessengersandScripturestoexplainmonotheism,callforit,andwarnagainst
worshippinganyoneotherthanHim(ExaltedbeHe).Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, www.ircpk.com
Andverily,WehavesentamongeveryUmmah(community,nation)aMessenger(proclaiming):WorshipAllh(Alone),andavoid(or
keepawayfrom)Tght(allfalsedeitiesi.e.donotworshipTghtbesidesAllh). He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays, And
WedidnotsendanyMessengerbeforeyou(OMuhammad)butWerevealedtohim(saying):LilhaillaAna
[nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutI(Allh)],soworshipMe(Aloneandnoneelse)." He(GlorifiedandExaltedbe
He)says, (Thisis)aBook,theVerseswhereofareperfected(ineverysphereofknowledge),andthenexplainedindetailfrom
One(Allh),WhoisAllWise,WellAcquainted(withallthings). (Saying)worshipnonebutAllh.Verily,I(Muhammad
)amuntoyoufromHimawarnerandabringerofgladtidings. He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays, This(Quran)
isaMessageformankind(andaclearproofagainstthem),inorderthattheymaybewarnedthereby,andthattheymayknowthat
HeistheonlyOneIlh(GodAllh)(nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutAllh)andthatmenofunderstandingmaytakeheed.
Therearemanyversestothesameeffect.
ItisreportedinthetwoSahih(authentic)BooksofHadith(i.e.AlBukhariandMuslim)that
TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)wasaskedwhichsinisgravestinAllah'ssight?He(theNobleProphet)replied,"Thatyouassociate
apartnerwithAllah,whileitisHeWhohascreatedyou." Apartnerisapeerandanequal.So,whoever
invokes,deifies,callsforhelp,makesavowtoordevoteanyactofworshiptootherthan
Allah,beheaProphet,aWaliy,aking,ajinni,anidol,andsoon,heisassociatingotherswith
AllahinHisDivinity,sinceworshipof
AllahAloneisduetononeotherthanHim.AccordingtotheSahihHadith,theProphet(peace
beuponhim)said, OMuàdh!DoyouknowwhattherightthatAllahhasuponHisservantsandwhattherighttheservants
haveuponAllah?I(Muàdh)replied,"AllahandHisMessengerknowbest!"He(theNobleProphet)said,"Verily,therightofAllahover
HisservantsisthattheyshouldworshipHim,andassociatenothingwithHim(inHisDivinity),whiletherighttheservantshaveupon
AllahisthatHewouldnottorturehimwhoassociatenothingwithHim". Indeed,Allahhascreatedthejinnand
mankindforthisgreatmatter,namely,believinginHisOneness,worshippinghimAlone,and
renouncingpartners,peersandequals.MayHebeExaltedthereisnogodbutHimandno
LordotherthanHim.Thus,whoevercallspeopletoworshiphimorallegesthathedeservesto
beworshipped,wouldthenbeadisbelieverwhomustbeinvitedtorepentor,ifherefusesto
doso,shouldbekilledbytheruler,sincetheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Ifsomebody(a
Muslim)discardshisreligion,killhim. (RelatedbyAlBukhari).Itisanactofmanifestaberrationandgross
ignorancetobelieveinwhatdiviners,foretellers,geomancers,astrologers,sorcerersand
augurstellabouttheGhayb(theUnseen).Undoubtedly,thisisanabominableactanda
branchofdisbelief,astheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Hewhovisitsadivinerandaskshimabout
anything,hisPrayersextendingtofortynightswillnotbeaccepted. (RelatedbyMusliminhisSahihBookof
Hadith). ItisauthenticallyestablishedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)forbadegoingtoandaskingfortunetellers(aboutthe
future). A h lu lSunan(authorsofHadithcompilationsclassifiedbyjurisprudentialthemes)
narratedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Ifanyoneresortstoadivinerandbelievesinwhathesays,
thenhedisbelievesinwhatwasrevealedtoMuhammad(peacebeuponhim). TheHadithsbearingthesame
meaningarenumerous.TheMuslimsareobligedtoavoidaskingforetellers,diviners,andall
sorcerers,alongwithallthoseinterestedinforetellingmattersoftheGhaybandthose
manipulatingthemindsoftheignorantpeopleandconfusingtheMuslims.Mattersofthe
GhaybareknownonlytotheOneWhoknowstheunknownaswellastheinnermostsecretsof
thebreasts.EvenHisMessengersandAngelsknownothingaboutmattersoftheGhaybexcept
thingswhichHe(ExaltedbeHe)tellsthem.Allah(mayhebeExalted)says, Say:"Noneinthe
heavensandtheearthknowstheGhaib(Unseen)exceptAllh,norcantheyperceivewhentheyshallberesurrected." Allah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)commandedHisProphet(peacebeuponhim)toinformthe
people, Say(OMuhammad):"IdonttellyouthatwithmearethetreasuresofAllh,nor(that)Iknowthe
UnseennorItellyouthatIamanangel.Ibutfollowwhatisrevealedtome."Say:"Aretheblindandtheonewhoseesequal?Will
younotthentakethought?"
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays, Say(OMuhammad):"Ipossessnopoweroverbenefitorharmto
myselfexceptasAllhwills.IfIhadtheknowledgeoftheGhaib(Unseen),Ishouldhavesecuredformyselfanabundanceofwealth,
andnoevilshouldhavetouchedme.Iambutawarner,andabringerofgladtidingsuntopeoplewhobelieve." Theseverses
andothersprovethatAllah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim),beingthegreatestandbestof
allprophets,didnotknowtheGhayb.Whatwouldbethecasethenwithothercreatures?So,
whoeverbelievesthatheknowstheGhayborthatanycreaturedoes,hewouldbefabricating
alieagainstAllah,goingastray,anddisbelievinginAllah(ExaltedbeHe).Hence,mattersof
theGhaybareamongthethingswhoseknowledgeisconfinedtoAllah.He(ExaltedbeHe)
says, VerilyAllh,withHim(Alone)istheknowledgeoftheHour,Hesendsdowntherain,andknowsthatwhichisinthewombs.
Nopersonknowswhathewillearntomorrow,andnopersonknowsinwhatlandhewilldie.Verily,AllhisAllKnower,AllAware(of
things). IbnMasùdsaid,EverythingisgiventoyourProphet(peacebeuponhim)exceptforfive
(things): VerilyAllh,withHim(Alone)istheknowledgeoftheHour .IbnÀbbassaid,"Thesefivemattersare
knowntononeotherthanAllah(ExaltedbeHe)eventhecloseAngelandthesentProphetdo
notknowthem.Thus,whoeverclaimsthatheknowsaboutanyofthemdisbelievesinthe
Qur'anashewouldbecontradictingit.Besides,theprophetsundoubtedlyknowmuchofthe
GhaybthroughAllah'srevealingittothem.
BelievingintheUnseenisoneoftheprinciplesofFaithandoneofthetraitsofthesincere
believers,whileclaimingtoknowtheGhaybandforetellingmattersoftheUnseenareamong
thecharacteristicsoftheaberrantfortunetellerswhodeviatefromrightguidance,andofthe
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augurs,sorcerers,anddivinerswhowanderfromtheStraightPathandleadastrayothersof
theunenlightenedMuslims,asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says, AndwithHimarethekeysoftheGhaib(allthatis
hidden),noneknowsthembutHe. ItisalsoauthenticallyreportedthattheProphet(peacebeupon
him)
said, ThekeysoftheGhaybarefive.ThenherecitedAllah's(mayHebeExalted)saying, VerilyAllh,withHim(Alone)isthe

knowledgeoftheHour,Hesendsdowntherain Itisthedutyofreligiousscholarstoremindpeopleofthe
gravemistakestheycommitregardingthismatterandothermatters,sincetheywillbeheld
accountableforthembeforeAllahontheDayofResurrection.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Why
donottherabbisandthereligiouslearnedmenforbidthemfromutteringsinfulwordsandfromeatingillegalthings.Evilindeedisthat
whichtheyhavebeenperforming. Likewise,thebeliefthatBanuHashimwillhavetheirsinsforgiven,no
matterwhattheymightdo.Such(belief)involvescrassignoranceandextremeaberration.
Indeed,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)doesnotlooktohonorablelineageornobleancestry,butHe
ratherlookstoheartsanddeeds.Thus,whoevercomplieswithHiscommandments,avoidsHis
prohibitions,adherestopietyandkeepsawayfromsinsandmisdeeds,ishonorableinthe
sightofAllah,whetherheisanAraboranonArab,orfrom BanuHashimornot.Indeed,
honorablelineageandnobleancestryavailnoone,asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Omankind!We
havecreatedyoufromamaleandafemale,andmadeyouintonationsandtribes,thatyoumayknowoneanother.Verily,themost
honourableofyouwithAllhisthat(believer)whohasAtTaqw[i.e.heisoneoftheMuttaqn(thepious.SeeV.2:2)]. The
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)said, VerilyAllahdoesnotlooktoyourfacesandyourwealthbutHelookstoyourhearts
andtoyourdeeds. Healsosaid, Beware!Thereisapieceoffleshinthebodyifitbecomesgood(reformed)thewholebody
becomesgoodbutifitgetsspoiltthewholebodygetsspoiltandthatistheheart. Forexample,AbuTalibwhowasthe
Prophet's(peacebeuponhim)unclebenefitednothingbyhiskinshiptotheProphet(peace
beuponhim)orbyhisnobleancestry.Rather,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)waskeento
makehimtestifythat"thereisnogodbutAllah"sothathecouldintercedeonhisbehalfwith
Allah.Yet,he(AbuTalib)didnot,sinceAllah(ExaltedbeHe)predestinedhimtodiebelieving
inthereligionofhisfathersandancestorspolytheismandidolatry,andforbadeHisProphet
toaskforgivenessforhim,saying, Itisnot(proper)fortheProphetandthosewhobelievetoaskAllhsForgiveness
fortheMushrikn(polytheists,idolaters,pagans,disbelieversintheOnenessofAllh),eventhoughtheybeofkin Healsotold
(people)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)cannotguideanyoneunlessAllahguideshim,
saying,
Verilyyou(OMuhammad)guidenotwhomyoulike,butAllhguideswhomHewills. Thesameapplies
t oAbuLahab whowasanuncleoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)whodiedadopting
disbelief,andAllahsentdownasurahregardinghimthatwillcontinuetobereciteduntilthe
DayofResurrection,namely PerishthetwohandsofAbLahab(anuncleoftheProphet)andperishhe! Thetrue
criterionisadherencetowhatismentionedintheGloriousQur'anandthePurifiedSunnahby
wordanddeed,whilethenoblelineageisofnoavail,astheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
said, Hewholagsbehindindoinggooddeeds,hisnoblelineagewillnotmakehimgoahead. Healsosaid, Opeopleof
Quraysh,purchaseyourselvesfromAllah,forIcannotavailyouagainstAllahatall. Hesaidsotohisuncle,AlÀbbas,his
auntSafiyyah,andhisdaughterFatimah.Ifnoblelineageweretoavailanyone,itwouldhave
availedthose(aforementioned).
Anotherabominablematter,ofcorruptbeliefandextremeaberration,isthatsomefoolishand
ignorantpeoplebelievethatsomeofthewitless,aberrant,andmisleadingpolytheistscould
curethesick(amongthem),driveharmawayfromandbringbenefittothem.Weseekrefuge
withAllahagainstsuchblindnessandaberrationwhichcontradictsthebeliefinAllahasthe
Benefactor,theBringerofHarm,theSustainer,theGiverofLife,theBringerofDeath,the
DisposerofAffairs,andtheOmnipotent.ExaltedandHighbeHefromthegreatfalsehood
fabricatedbytheaberrantliars.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, AndifAllhtouchesyouwithharm,thereis
nonewhocanremoveitbutHe,andifHeintendsanygoodforyou,thereisnonewhocanrepelHisFavour Whoeverbelieves
thatanyonecouldprofitorharmorcurehimwithoutAllah'sLeave,wouldthenbedisbelieving
inAllah,HisBook,HisAngelsandHisMessengers.He(ExaltedbeHe)saystothenoblestof
Hiscreatures, Say:"Itisnotinmypowertocauseyouharm,ortobringyoutotheRightPath." Say(OMuhammad
):"NonecanprotectmefromAllhspunishment(ifIweretodisobeyHim),norcanIfindrefugeexceptinHim. (Mineis)
butconveyance(ofthetruth)fromAllhandHisMessages(ofIslmicMonotheism) and, Say(OMuhammad):
"IpossessnopoweroverbenefitorharmtomyselfexceptasAllhwills. Allah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim)
alsosaid, Ifyou(haveto)ask,askofAllahandifyouseekhelp,
seekhelpfromAllah Indeed,theProphet(peacebeuopnhim)possessednopowertobenefitortohurthimselforanyoneelse.This
ismoreapplicableforanyoneotherthanhim.Thus,whoeverexceedsthelimitsinexaltingaprophet,arighteousperson,oraWaliy,
raisinghimtothelevelofdivinity,askinghimforexampleforcure,support,sustenanceorprofitthisisthenaberrationand
associationofotherswithAllahinworship.So,theonewhodoessoshouldbeinvitedtorepentifherefuses,bekilled.Suchisthe
casewiththeonewhotakesintercessorsbetweenhimandAllah,trustingin,invokingandasking(of)them,sincehethendisbelieves
(inAllah),accordingtotheconsensusofscholars.Thus,theonewhobelievesthatanyoneotherthanAllah,beitaprophet,awaliy,a
jinni,aspirit,andsoon,possessesthepowertoremovedistress,fulfillaneed,cureadisease,ordriveawayaffliction,hethenfalls
intoagraveaberrationandafatalabyssofignorance.HewouldbeonthebrinkofapitofFirethroughhisassociatingotherswiththe
AlmightyAllahinHisDivinity.TheonewhoinvokesanyoftheAwliya',righteouspersonsorthelikes,seekinghelpfromthem,hethen www.ircpk.com
associatesthemwithAllahinworship.ThisisbecausenoonepossessesthepowertohelporprofitotherthanAllah(ExaltedbeHe).
However,thereisnorestrictionincallingtheliving,present,andcapablepersonandaskingforhishelpinwhatlieswithinhispower
oflegallypermissiblematters,forthisisnotamongthetypesofShirk(associatingotherswithAllahinHisDivinity)accordingtothe
consensusoftheMuslims.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)saysregardingthestoryofMusa(Moses), Themanofhis(own)party
askedhimforhelpagainsthisfoe Afterall,thereareotherproofsfromtheGloriousQur'anandtheSunnahtothiseffect,andAllahis
theGuidetoallsuccess.
AnotherabominableactthatsomeofthedescendantsofBanuHashimclaimthatthatnooneisqualifiedformarriagewiththeir
womenormen.Actually,thisisagreatmistakethatinvolvesabysmalignorance,injusticetowoman,andapracticethatAllahandHis
Messengerhavenotallowed.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Omankind!Wehavecreatedyoufromamaleandafemale,andmadeyou
intonationsandtribes,thatyoumayknowoneanother.Verily,themosthonourableofyouwithAllhisthat(believer)whohasAt
Taqw[i.e.heisoneoftheMuttaqn(thepious.SeeV.2:2)].
He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays, Thebelieversarenothingelsethanbrothers(inIslmicreligion). Moreover,Hesays, Thebelievers,

menandwomen,areAuliy (helpers,supporters,friends,protectors)ofoneanother and SotheirLordacceptedofthem(their
supplicationandansweredthem),NeverwillIallowtobelosttheworkofanyofyou,behemaleorfemale.Youare(members)one
ofanother Besides,Allah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim)said, ThereisnopreferenceofanAraboveranonArab,noranon
AraboveranArab,norawhitemanoverablackman,norablackmanoverawhiteman,except(onbasisof)Taqwa(piety).Allmen
arefromAdamandAdamisfromdust. He(peacebeuponhim)alsosaid, Behold!theposterityofmyfathers,thatis,soandso,are
notmyprotectors.MyprotectorisAllahandtherighteousbelievingpeople. (Agreedupon)
Again,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Ifsomeonewithasatisfactorystandardoffaithandgoodconductcomestoyouseeking
marriage,thengivehim(yourdaughterorsister)inmarriage.Ifyourefuse,thatwillleadtospreadofgreatcorruptionintheland.
(RelatedbyAlTirmidhyandothersthroughaHasan(good)chainofnarrators).TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)marriedZaynabbint
JahshAlAsadiyyahtoZaydibnHarithah,hisservant,andmarriedFatimahbintQaysAlQurashiyyahtoUsamahibnZaydwhileheand
hisfatherwerefreedslaves.Inaddition,BilalibnRabahAlHabashy(aslavefromAbyssinia)marriedthesisterofÀbdurRahmanibn
ÀwfalZuhriyyahalQurashiyyah(ofQuraysh).AbuHudhayfahibnÙtbahibnRabiàhalQurashiyalsomarriedthedaughterofhis
brother A lWalidtoS a l i m , hisservant,whowasafreedslaveofawomanfromtheAnsar(Helpers,inhabitantsofMadinahwho
supportedtheProphet).ItisworthnotingthatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)said, Goodstatementsareforgoodpeople(orgoodwomenfor
goodmen)andgoodpeopleforgoodstatements(orgoodmenforgoodwomen) Likewise,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)married
histwodaughters,RuqayyahandUmKulthumtoÙthmanandmarriedAbualÀsibnarRabi`tohisdaughterZaynab,whileboth
werefromBanuÀbdShamsandnotfromBanuHashim.Furthermore,ÀlygavehisdaughterUmKulthumtoÙmaribnalKhattabin
m a r r i a g e , whilehewasaÀdawyandnotaHashemite.Similarly,ÀbdullahibnÀmribnÙthmanmarriedFatimahbintalHusayn
ibnÀlithoughhewasanUmayyadandnotaHashemitewhileMusàbibnalZubayrmarriedhersister,Sukaynah,thoughhewasnot
aHashemitebutfromAsadclan,
ofQuraysh.A lMiqdadibnalA s w a d marriedDubaàhBintalZubayribnÀbdulMuttalib,aHashemiteandcousinoftheProphet

(peacebeuponhim),thoughalMiqdadwasaKindiyandnotaHashemite.Thesemultipleexamplesareintentionallyquotedto
illustratetheinvalidityoftheclaimofsomeHashemitesoftheprohibitionofmarryingaHashemitewomantoanonHashemitemanor
oftheundesirabilityofit.Rather,whatshouldbeconsideredinsuchacaseishis(theman's)religiouscompetence.Whatdistanced
AbuTalibandAbuLahabwastheirdisbeliefinIslam,whilewhatbroughtSalmanalFarisy,SuhaybarRumiyandBilalalHabashywas
certainlybelief,righteousness,piety,adherencetotheShariàh,andpursuitofthestraightway.Theconsequenceofignoranceand
invalidbeliefislockinguptheHashemitewomenandpreventingthemfromordelayingtheirmarriage.Thisinturnresultsin
detrimentalconsequencesofcorruption,renderingwomenunproductive,orreducingprocreation.However,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)
says, Andmarrythoseamongyouwhoaresingle(i.e.amanwhohasnowifeandthewomanwhohasnohusband)and(also
marry)theSlihn(pious,fitandcapableones)ofyour(male)slavesandmaidservants(femaleslaves).Iftheybepoor,Allhwill
enrichthemoutofHisBounty.AndAllhisAllSufficientforHiscreaturesneeds,AllKnowing(aboutthestateofthepeople). Thus,
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)commandedmarryingsinglepeopleingeneral,sothecommandincludestherichandthepoor,andallother
categoriesoftheMuslims.SincetheShariàhhasarousedinterestinmarriageandurgedit,theMuslimsmusthastentocomplywith
theCommandofAllahandthecommandofHisMessenger,astheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)said, Oyoungpeople!
Whoeverofyouisabletomarry,lethimmarry,forithelpsonerestricthiseyesorprotecthishonor[fromillicitrelations].Andifhe
cannotmarry,lethimobservefasting,foritisashieldagainstevil.. (Agreeduponauthentichadith).Therefore,theguardiansshould
fearAllahasregardsthewomenintheircustodysincetheyareatrustforwhichtheyareresponsibleandAllah(ExaltedbeHe)will
callthemtoaccountforthistrust.Hence,theymusthastentomarrytheirdaughters,sisters,andsons,sothateachwouldplayhis
roleinthislife,andinturncorruptionandcrimeswouldbereduced.Itiswellknownthatpreventingwomenfrommarriageor
delayingtheirmarriageisthereasonbehindthespreadandcirculationofmoralcrimes,whichareamongthemeansofdestruction
anddevastation.So,slavesofAllah,fearAllahasregardsyourselvesandthoseunderyourguardianship,ofdaughters,sisters,and
alsoregardingyourfellowMuslims.Mayyouallproceedtobringaboutgoodandhappinessin
society,facilitatethewaysofitsmultiplicity,andeliminatethecausesofcrime.Youshouldallknowthatyouwillbecalledintoaccount
andrewardedforyourdeeds,asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says, So,byyourLord(OMuhammad),Weshall
certainlycallallofthemtoaccount. Forallthattheyusedtodo. He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsosays, AndtoAllhbelongs
allthatisintheheavensandallthatisintheearth,thatHemayrequitethosewhodoevilwiththatwhichtheyhavedone(i.e.punish
theminHell),andrewardthosewhodogood,withwhatisbest(i.e.Paradise). Thus,hastentomarryyourdaughtersandsisters,
followingtheexampleofyourProphet(peacebeuponhim)andofhishonorableCompanions(mayAllahbepleasedwiththem)andof
thosewhoassumetheirwayandguidance.Ialsoadviseyoutoreducethemarriagepreparations,andbefrugalasregardsmarriage
expenses.DonotdemandahighamountofadvancedMahr(mandatorygifttoabridefromhergroom).Besides,tryhardtochoose
righteousandpioushusbandswhoareendowedwithtrustworthinessandchastity.
MayAllahprovideusallwithunderstandingofthereligionandperseveranceinit.MayHeprotectus,youandalltherestofthe
Muslimsfromtheevilsofourselvesandfromourwickeddeeds!MayHealsoguardusandyouagainstmisleadingordeals,appearent
orhidden!WealsoaskHimtoreformtherulersoftheMuslimsandbringaboutreformthroughthem.Indeed,Heisabletodothis.
MaythepeaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponourProphet,Muhammad,hishousehold,andhisCompanions.
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Da`wah(CalltoAllah):
ItsImpactontheSpreadofIslam
PraisebetoAllah.WeglorifyHimandseekHisHelpandForgiveness.Weseekrefugewith
Allahfromtheevilsofourselvesandthebadconsequencesofourdeeds.ThosewhomAllah
guides,thereisnonethatcanlead[them]astrayandthosewhomAllahleadsastray,thereis
nonethatcanguide[them].IbearwitnessthatthereisnogodbutAllahalonewithoutany
partner.IalsobearwitnessthatMuhammadisHisServantandMessenger.Peaceand
blessingsbeupontheProphetofAllah,hisfamily,hisCompanions,whoeverfollowshisway
andwhoeverisguidedbyhisguidanceuntiltheDayofJudgment.
IwouldliketothanktheofficialsoftheMuslimLeagueforinvitingmetoparticipateinthe
culturalseasonof1391A.H.
IaskAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)tobenefitMuslimswiththis[cultural]season,give
successtotheeffortsoftheorganizers,andrewardthemmuch.AllahistheBestOnetobe
asked.
TheofficialsoftheLeaguesuggestedthatIspeakabouttheimpactofDa`wah(callingothers
toAllah)onthespreadofIslam.Iacceptedtheirsuggestionthus,thetitleofthelectureis
"TheMeritsofDa`wah".ThislecturehastwopartsFirst:ThemeritsofDa`wah.Second:The
impactofDa`wahonthespreadofIslam.
HewhohastheleastknowledgeknowsthatDa`wahisverysignificantanditisthedutyofall
prophetsandmessengers(maypeacebeuponthemall).Themessengersandprophets
aretheleadersinthismatterasitistheirmaintask.Allah(mayHebeExaltedandGlorified)
sentthemtocallpeopleandguidethemtotheright[path].ItisenoughhonorforDa`wah
thatitisthejobofthemessengersandtheirfollowersuntiltheDayofJudgment.Allah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)saysinHisGloriousBook, Andverily,WehavesentamongeveryUmmah
(community,nation)aMessenger(proclaiming):WorshipAllh(Alone),andavoid(orkeepawayfrom)Tght(allfalsedeitiesi.e.
donotworshipTghtbesidesAllh). Inthishonorableverse,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)clarifiesthatallthe
messengersweresentforthisgreataimi.e.callingpeopletoworshipAllahAloneandavoid
worshippingTaghut.
Thismeansthattheyweresenttocallpeopletodedicate[allformsof]worshiptoAllahonly
andtofreepeoplefromworshippingTaghut(falsegods)andbringthemtotheworshipof
AllahAlone.
ThewordTaghutreferstoallfalseiconstakenasGodssuchastrees,stonesandthelikes
thatareworshippedotherthanorbesidesAllah.Asforthemessengers,angelsandrighteous
personswhoareworshipped[otherthanorbesidesAllah],theyarenotcalledTaghut.Inthis
case,TaghutistheSatanwhocallsandtemptspeopletoworshipthemasthemessengers
andrighteouspeopleareinnocentofthosewhoworshipthem.
Hence,TaghutisallthatisworshippedotherthanAllahofinanimatebeingsandpeoplewho
accepttobeworshipped,suchasPharaohandthoselikehim.Thosewhorejectsuchworshipare
notconsideredTaghutasTaghut[inthiscase]istheSatanwhocallsandtemptspeopleto
worshipotherthanorbesidesAllah.
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, Messengersasbearersofgoodnewsaswellasofwarninginorderthat
mankindshouldhavenopleaagainstAllhafterthe(comingof)Messengers. Inthishonorableverse,Allah(Exalted
beHe)clarifiesthatallmessengersweresentasbearersofgoodnewsandwarners[tothe
people].Theygavethegladtidingstothosewhoobeyedthemthattheywouldreceive
victory,support,Paradise,anddignity.Also,theywarnedthosewhodisobeyedthemof
disappointment,regretandHellFire.
Theyweresenttoestablishtheproof,sothatpeoplewouldhavenoexcuseorwouldnotsay,
Therecameuntousnobringerofgladtidingsandnowarner.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)sent
messengersandprophetstoestablishtheproof,takeawayallexcuses,guidepeople,clarify
thetruth,showpeoplethemeansofsalvation,andwarnthemagainstthemeansof
destruction.Hence,they(maypeacebeuponthemall)aretrulythebestpeoplefor
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humankind.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, OProphet(Muhammad!)Verily,We
havesentyouaswitness,andabearerofgladtidings,andawarner, AndasonewhoinvitestoAllh[IslmicMonotheism,i.e.to
worshipnonebutAllh(Alone)]byHisLeave,andasalampspreadinglight(throughyourinstructionsfromtheQurnandthe
SunnahthelegalwaysoftheProphet). InthesetwohonorableAyahs(Qur'anicverses),
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)declaresthatHesentHisProphet(maypeacebeuponhim)asa
witness,bearerofgladtidings,warner,andcallertoAllah.Hence,Da`wahmeansconveying
thetruthtothepeople,guidingthem[totherightpath],andwarningthemofwhatis
oppositetoit.Accordingly,theprophetsfollowersshouldcallpeopletoAllahuntiltheDayof
Judgment,guidethemtowhattheyhavebeencreatedfor,andwarnthemagainsttheways
andmeansofdestruction. Say(OMuhammad):"ThisismywayIinviteuntoAllh(i.e.tothe
OnenessofAllhIslmicMonotheism)withsureknowledge,Iandwhosoeverfollowsme(alsomustinviteotherstoAllhi.e.tothe
OnenessofAllhIslmicMonotheismwithsureknowledge).AndGlorifiedandExaltedbeAllh(aboveallthattheyassociateas
partnerswithHim).AndIamnotoftheMushrikn(polytheists,pagans,idolatersanddisbelieversintheOnenessofAllhthosewho
worshipothersalongwithAllhorsetuprivalsorpartnerstoAllh)." Inthishonorableverse,Allah(Exaltedbe
He)ordersHisProphet(peacebeuponhim)toconveytopeoplethatthewaythatheandhis
followersadoptisthatofcallingpeopletoAllah.ThisdenotesthattheProphet(peacebe
uponhim)andhisfollowersarethepeopleofDa`wahandthepeopleofsureknowledge.
Hence,thosewhocalltoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)withoutknowledgeorneglectDa`waharenot
amongthefollowersofthehonorableProphet(maypeacebeuponhim).TheProphetstrue
andperfectfollowersarethosewhoinvitepeopletoAllahwithsureknowledge,donot
neglectDa`wahandactonwhattheycallpeopleto.Hence,anyslacknessornegligence
regardingDa`wahorknowledgemeansalackoffollowingtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
andadecreaseinfaith.Accordingly,theDaìyah(theonewhocallstoAllahpl.Duàh)is
obliged
toinvitepeopletoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)usingsureknowledge.Da`wahwithoutknowledgeis
notallowedatall,astheignorantDaìyahharmsanddoesnotbenefitanyone,destructsand
doesnotdevelop,andleadsastrayanddoesnotguide.ItisincumbentontheDaìyahto
followtheProphets examplebybeingpatient,knowledgeable,andactiveinDa`wah. Say(O
Muhammad):"ThisismywayIinviteuntoAllh(i.e.totheOnenessofAllhIslmicMonotheism)withsure
knowledge Da`wahistherefore,thewayandmethodofalltheprophets(maypeacebeupon
themall).ThisisagreathonorandmeritoftheDuàhwhofollowtheprophets,treadintheir
stepsandadopttheirmethodonconditionthattheycallorwarnpeoplewithsureknowledge
anddeepinsightlesttheyshouldharmormisleadpeoplemakingthemfollowfalsehoodor
avoidthetruth.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, Invite(mankind,OMuhammad
)totheWayofyourLord(i.e.Islm)withwisdom(i.e.withtheDivineRevelationandtheQurn)andfairpreaching,andargue
withtheminawaythatisbetter. Thisdivineorder,althoughitwasspecificallydirectedtotheProphet
(maypeacebeuponhim),alsoreferstoallMuslims,sincetheProphet(peacebeuponhim)is
aperfectexampleandguideforusinallmatters.TheSharìruleassertsthatanyDivine
OrderorProhibitionaddressedtotheProphet(maypeacebeuponhim)isalsodirectedtothe
ProphetsUmmahexceptwhenthereisevidencethatthespeechisdirectedonlytothe
Prophet(maypeacebeuponhim).Hence,Da`wahisobligatoryandincumbentonallMuslims.
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, IndeedintheMessengerofAllh(Muhammad)you
haveagoodexampletofollowforhimwhohopesfor(theMeetingwith)AllhandtheLastDay,andremembersAllhmuch.
MuslimsshouldfollowtheProphetsexampleincallingpeopletoAllah,guidingthemtothe
truepath,showingthemthemeansof
salvationandwarningthemofthemeansofdestruction.Thishonorableverseclarifiesthe
way,methodandsystemofDa`wahandtheconditionsoftheDaìyah.RegardingAllahs
Saying, Invite(mankind,OMuhammad)totheWayofyourLord(i.e.Islm)withwisdom(i.e.withthe
DivineRevelationandtheQurn) agroupofexegetessaid:Allah(ExaltedbeHe)orderstheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)andhisfollowerstoinvitepeopletoAllahthroughtheEverGlorious
QuranandthepurifiedSunnah.Thisisbecausetheycontainwisdom,knowledge,deterrence,
explanation,andclarification.Thewisewordisthewordthatdetersevil,guidestotheright
way,convincesthehearerandleadstohappiness.
TheDuàhshouldseekwaysthatconvincethosewhomtheycall,clarifythetruthtothem,
anddeterthemfromwhatmaycauseharminagood,soft,kindandamiablestyle.Then,Allah
(ExaltedbeHe)says, andfairpreaching TheIslamicPreachershouldbewise,kind,andreadyto
deliverthegoodadmonitionwhennecessary,andtoclarifyandguidepeopletothetruth
throughthehonorableversesandtheclearandsoundHadiths,soasnoconfusionordoubt
remains.
Itiswisdomtoclarifythemeaningusingimpressivemethodsthatpeopleunderstandintheir
language,sonodoubtsorvaguemattersremainduetothefailuretoclarifymattersorto
convincethemintheirownlanguage,thesuperficialcontradictionofsomeevidencesorthe
failuretochoosethemoreacceptable[opinion].Ifpreachingisneeded,theDaìyah
(Preacher/caller)shouldpreachandremindpeopleofthedeterringversesandtheHadiths
thatencourageactionsandwarnagainsteviltoattracttheirattention,softentheirhearts,
andshowthemtherightway.Somepeoplemayneedpreaching,encouragement,and
warningsomeothersarewillingtoaccepttherightwayandneedonlywisdomwhilesome www.ircpk.com
othersareobstinateandtheyneedpreaching,guiding,andareminderoftheversesthat
deterevilacts
andencouragegoodonesandtheHadithsthatalsodeter,encourage,andwarn.
Somepeoplemayhavedoubtsregardinganymatterinthiscase,theyneedtobearguedwith
inawaythatisbettertodispeltheirdoubtsandclarifythetruth.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says,
andarguewiththeminawaythatisbetter.
Ifsomepeoplehavedoubtsregardinganymatter,theDaìyahshouldclarifythematterand
dispeltheirdoubtsusingclearevidences.TheDaìyahshoulddothisinawaythatisbetter
asviolenceandseveritymayremoveanybenefitandleadtothehardnessoftheirhearts,
wrongheadednessandstubbornness.Insteadofviolenceandseverity,leniencyandarguingin
abetterwayshouldbeadoptedtoconveythetruthandnottomisstheopportunityand
benefitsaslongasthosewhomyoucalltoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)areseekingthetruthfrom
youanddonotactwronglyoraggressively.But,iftheyadoptinjusticeandaggression,
anotherwayshouldbesoughtasAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Andarguenotwiththepeopleofthe
Scripture(JewsandChristians),unlessitbein(away)thatisbetter(withgoodwordsandingoodmanner,invitingthemtoIslmic
MonotheismwithHisVerses),exceptwithsuchofthemasdowrong IfthePeopleoftheBookaretobeargued
withinawaythatisbetter,theMuslimsareworthiertobearguedwithinthesameway.But,
ifsomeofthemactwronglyoroppressively,anotherwayshouldbeadoptedsuchasrebuke,
reprimand,discipline,orimprisonment.
TherearemanyhonorableversesthatdenotethemeritsofDa`wahandencouragepeopleto
participateinit.Forexample, Andwhoisbetterinspeechthanhewho[says:"MyLordisAllh(believesinHis
Oneness),"andthenstandsfirm(actsuponHisOrder),and]invites(men)toAllhs(IslmicMonotheism),anddoesrighteousdeeds,
andsays:"IamoneoftheMuslims." Thishonorableverse
clarifiesthatnopersonisbetterinspeechthantheonewhocallsotherstoAllah,andurges
MuslimstoadoptDa`wah.Ifthereisnopersonbetterinspeechthantheonewhocallsto
Allah,theMuslimswhohavesoundreligiousknowledgeshouldhastentoseekthisgreat
statusi.e.thestatusoftheMessengers(maypeacebeuponthemall)whocalledpeopleto
Allahandguidedthemtothetruth.Themessengers(maypeacebeuponthemall)arethe
bestpersonsinspeech[andallmatters],theleadersofDa`wahandguidanceandtheperfect
examplehence,theydeservetobeincludedinthepeoplereferredtointhisversemorethan
anyothers.Thehonorableversethatreads
Andwhoisbetterinspeechthanhewho[says:"MyLordisAllh(believesinHisOneness),"andthenstandsfirm(actsuponHis
shows
Order),and]invites(men)toAllhs(IslmicMonotheism),anddoesrighteousdeeds,andsays:"IamoneoftheMuslims."
usthattheDaìyahshouldbepiousashecallsotherstoAllahbyhistongueandhisrighteous
deeds.Accordingly,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, anddoesrighteousdeeds Thus,Da`wahshouldbe
throughgoodwordsandrighteousdeedstogiveagoodexampletoallpeople.
Allthemessengers(maypeacebeuponthemall)calledpeopletoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)
throughtheirgoodwords,deedsandbehavior.Manypeople,especiallythelaypeopleandthe
unletteredpersons,mayrespondwhentheyseegoodbehaviororrighteousdeeds,butnotso
whentheyhearthewords,whichtheymaynotunderstand.Accordingly,theDaìyahshould
haveagoodreputationandshouldabidebyrighteousdeedsandgoodmoralsinorderthat
peoplemaybeguidedbyhisdeeds,words
andbehavior.AsforAllahssaying(ExaltedbeHe), andsays:IamoneoftheMuslims. itmeansthat

theDaìyahshoulddeclarehisreligionandclarifythatheadoptstheultimatemethodandthe
right[path].Heboastsaboutthis,showinghishappiness,anddelightwithnoatomof
hypocrisyorshowingoff.HedeclaresthatheadoptsthestraightpathandheisaMuslim,not
oftheJews,Christians,oridolaters.HedeclaresthatheisatrueMuslimandcallsothersto
Allah,Islam,andthetruthusingknowledge.Hedeclaresthiswithgreatpleasure,joy,and
firmbelieftomakethosewhomhecallsknowthatheadoptsaclearwayandatruemethod.
HeshowsthathecallstoIslamwhileheisoneofitspeoplewhoadheretoit.ManyDuàh
maycallpeopletodosomethingwhiletheydonotperformitbecausetheyreceivemoney,
makeshowoff,orforotherreasons.ThetrueDaìyahistheonewhocallsotherstoIslam,
becauseitishisreligion,thetruththatcannotbechanged,thewaytosalvationanddignity,
andAllah'sMessagethatHe(ExaltedbeHe)chose,accepted,andbecamesatisfiedwith.
ThishonorableverseurgesMuslimstopracticeDa`wahandshowsthehighstatusofthe
Duàhwhoarethebestpeopleinwordwhentheyaresincereanddorighteousdeeds.They
arethebestofpeopleandtheirImamsaretheMessengers(PeaceandBlessingsbeupon
them)andthentheirCompanionswhofollowthemwithsureknowledgeuntiltheDayof
Judgment.
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Mu'adhins(callerstoprayer)arealsoincludedinthepeoplereferredtointhisversetheycallpeopletoAllahinpublic,testifyingthat
AllahistheGreatestandtheOneandOnlyGod,andthatMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)isHisMessenger.
ManyauthenticHadithsassertthesignificanceandmeritsofDa`wah,including, WhentheProphet(peacebe
uponhim)sentÀlyibnAbuTalib(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)
toKhaybarhe(peacebeuponhim)toldhim,'CallthemtoIslamandinformthemoftheirdutiestowardsAllah,whichIslamprescribes
forthem,forbyAllah,ifAllahguidesevenonepersonthroughyou,thatisbetterforyouthan(possessingagreatnumberof)red
camels.' (AgreeduponbyAlBukhariandMuslimontheauthorityofSahlibnSa`dmayAllahbepleasedwithhim)
InthishonorableHadith,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)swore,althoughhewastruthfulevenifhedidnotswear,thatguidingone
manatthehandsofÀly(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)isbetterforhimthanpossessingagreatnumberofredcamels.This
denotesthatDa`wahisverysignificantandhasahighstatus.Inaddition,thisHadithclarifiesthattheaimofDa`wahandJihad
(fightingintheCauseofAllah)isnotkillingpeopleortakingawaytheirproperty.Theiraimistoguidepeople,savethemfromtheir
falsehood,andbringthemfromdarknessintothelightandfromthetrapofdeviationandtheabyssofdepravityintothegloryof
guidanceandhonorofpiety.ForthistheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, ByAllah,ifAllahguidesevenonepersonthroughyou,
thatisbetterforyouthanpossessingthemostvaluableofthecamels .
Inaddition,thishonorableHadithurgesMujahids(fightersintheCauseofAllah)andtheirleaderstobepatient,nottorushinto
fighting,andtoexertthemselvesincallingandguidingtheirenemiestothemeansofsalvation.Bydoingso,theirenemiesmayreturn
totherightpath,respondtothecallstofaith,refrainfromfightingandembraceAllahsReligioni.e.Islam.TheaimofIslam,Muslims
andJihadisnotkilling,takingwomenandchildrencaptivesortakingawaythepropertyrather,theiraimistoadviseandguidepeople
towhattheyhavebeencreatedfor[i.e.theworshipoftheOnlyOneGod,Allah].Iftheenemiesdidnotacceptthetruthandinsisted
ontheirdisbelief,Jihadifneededwouldbethefinalsolution.IftheyacceptedwhatMuslimscalledthemtoandDa`wahsucceeded
withthem,therewouldbenoneedforJihad.Jihadissoughtwhenthosewhoarecalledrejectthetruthinthiscase,Allah(Exaltedbe
He)permitsJihadusingweaponstosuppressthefollowersoffalsehood,removethemfromobstructingthewayofDa`wah,bring
peoplefromdarknessintolightandpavethewayforDa`wahinorderthatIslamwillspreadintheLandofAllah.Also,thisHadith
denotesthat
guidingonemanontherightpathisbetterthanpossessingagreatnumberofredcamels.Hence,guidingadisbeliever(toIslam)
bringsgreatbenefitsandsignificantgains.SomeMuslimscholarsassertedthatthismatterisbetterthanthewholeworldand
whateverisinit.ThisworldlylifeistransientwhiletheHereafteriseternalhence,doingevenalittledeedwhileseekingtheHereafter
isbetterthanthewholeworld.ItisauthenticallyreportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, AplaceinParadiseequaltothe
sizeofalashisbetterthanthewholeworldandwhateverisinit .
TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)mentionedtheredcamelsinparticular,astheywerethemostpreciousandvaluablepropertyofthe
Arabs.Hence,guidingonepersonormoreisbetterthantheworldlylifeanditstransientandtemporaryproperties.
TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Onewhoguidestosomethinggoodhasarewardsimilartothatofitsdoer. (Relatedby

MusliminhisSahihBookofHadith).ThisHadithdenotesthatwhoevercallsorguidesapersontodosomethinggoodwillhavea
rewardsimilartotheonewhodoestheact.ThisisagreatrewardandasignificanthonorgrantedbyAllah(ExaltedbeHe)tothe
DuàhasHe(ExaltedbeHe)wouldgivethemrewardssimilartothosewhowereguidedattheirhands.Whatagreatreward!What
agreatvirtue!Whatagreatstatus!Omybrother,whenyoucallotherstoAllahandHisReligionandtofollowingtheProphet(peace
beuponhim),youwillgetrewardssimilartothosewhomAllahwillguideatyourhands.Actually,thisisagreatmeritanda
considerablevirtue.Hence,thishonorableHadithurgestheDuàhtobepatientandadheretoDa`wah,astheywillgetrewards
similartothosewhowillbeguidedthroughthem.DearMuslimbrother,youshouldprepareandrushtoperformDa`wahandbe
patiencewithittoobtainthesegreatrewards.Also,itwasrelatedbyMusliminhisSahihthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, If
anyonecallsotherstofollowrightguidance,hisrewardwillbeequivalenttothosewhofollowhim(inrighteousness)withouttheir
rewardbeingdiminishedinanyrespect... Thisisalsoagreatreward: Ifanyonecallsotherstofollowrightguidance,hisrewardwill
beequivalenttothosewhofollowhim(inrighteousness)... ThisisliketheHadithcitedabove: Onewhoguidestosomethinggood
hasarewardsimilartothatofitsdoer .
ThementionedaboveHadithsandmanyothersthatrevealthesamemeaningurgeMuslimstoadheretoDa`wahandshowits
significanceandhighstatusinIslamitisthejobofallMessengers(peacebeuponthemall).Allah(ExaltedbeHe)sentall
MessengerstocallpeopletoHim,givegladtidingstothosewhofollowHisReligion,andwarnthosewhodisobeyHim.OBelievers,it
ismoreproperforyoutofollowintheirfootstepsandadopttheirexampleincallingpeopletoAllah,callingthemtoIslamandwarning
themagainstdisobeyingAllah(ExaltedbeHe).Thiscanbeattainedbybeingpatient,sincereandtruthfulhence,theonewholacks
patience,sincerity,ortruthfulnessmayfailinachievingthisgreataim.Da`wahneedssincerityasthehypocriteswavethewhiteflag
andfailtoremainfirmattimesofdifficulties.Also,itneedspatienceandtruthfulnessasthosewhobecomeboredandwearydonot
haveenoughpowertocompletetheirtask.Accordingly,Da`wahneedsthesethreeindispensableelementsasAllah(Glorifiedand
ExaltedbeHe)says, Say(OMuhammad):"ThisismywayIinviteuntoAllh(i.e.totheOnenessofAllh
IslmicMonotheism)withsureknowledge Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: Oyouwhobelieve!BeafraidofAllh,andbewiththose
whoaretrue(inwordsanddeeds). Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: andbepatient.Surely,AllhiswiththosewhoareAsSbirn
(thepatient). ItisnecessarytohavesinceredevotiontoAllah,asAllah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: ThisisaDayonwhichthe
truthfulwillprofitfromtheirtruth Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: andbepatient.Surely,AllhiswiththosewhoareAsSbirn
(thepatient). Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: AndWemadefromamongthem(ChildrenofIsrael),leaders,givingguidanceunder
OurCommand,whentheywerepatientandusedtobelievewithcertaintyinOurAyt(proofs,evidence,verses,lessons,signs,
revelations,etc.). Thus,throughpatienceandcertaintyleadershipinreligioncanbeattained.Hence,whentheDuàhadoptpatience
andcallotherstoAllahwithsureknowledgeanddeepinsight,theywillbetheleadersandexamplesthatarefollowedbyallpeople
duringtimesofdistressandprosperity,andtimesofdifficultyandeaseas
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wecitedabovethatAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: AndWemadefromamongthem(ChildrenofIsrael),leaders,giving
guidanceunderOurCommand,whentheywerepatientandusedtobelievewithcertaintyinOurAyt(proofs,evidence,verses,
lessons,signs,revelations,etc.). OAllahsServant,bepatientinyourDa`wah,havefirmfaith,gooddeeds,andbesureofallyour
deeds.Haveadeepinsight,seekreligiousknowledge,andactonclearproof!Bydoingso,yourDa`wahwillbebasedonpatienceand
certaintyandyouwillbealeaderandagoodexampletoallpeopleregardingyourgooddeedsandgoodbehavior.Thesearethe
meritsandvirtuesofDa`wah.
Now,wewillmovetothesecondpartofthislecturei.e.theimpactofDa`wahonthespreadofIslam.Allah(Glorifiedand
ExaltedbeHe)sentHisMessengers(peacebeuponthemall)tocallpeopletoAllahandguidethemtothetruth.He(ExaltedbeHe)
didnottellusthattheearlyMessengerspracticedJihadtospreadtheirmessageasAllahfirstmentionedJihadaftersendingHis
MessengerMusa(Moses,peacebeuponhim).
SincethetimeofAdam(peacebeuponhim)untiltherevelationoftheTawrah(Torah),MessengerswerejustDuàh,callingtoAllah
withoutJihad.Hence,AllahsMessage(Islam)wasspreadamongthepeoplebycallingthemtoAllah,andclarifyingtheaspectsofthe
message,andtheheavenlyrevealedBooks.TheMessengers(peacebeuponthemall)calledpeopletoAllahandwarnedthemagainst
disobeyingHimhence,theirmessagewasspreadthroughDa`wahfromthetimeofAdamuntilMusa(peacebeuponthem)wassent.
IslamisthereligionofAllahasHe(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, Truly,thereligionwithAllhisIslm. Itisthereligionofall

Messengersandnations.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)tellsusaboutNuh(Noah,peacebeuponhim),thefirstofmessengers,thathesaid:
andIhavebeencommandedtobeoftheMuslims(i.e.thosewhosubmittoAllhsWill). .ÀbdullahibnÀbbas(mayAllahbe
pleasedwithhim)said, ThereweretencenturiesbetweenAdamandNuh(peacebeuponthem)and
theywereallonIslam.Then,differencesamongthepeopleofNuhtookplace. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)tellsuswhatIbrahim(Abraham)
andhissonIsmaìl(Ishmael)saidwhentheywereconstructingAlKa`bah: OurLord!AndmakeussubmissiveuntoYouandofour
offspringanationsubmissiveuntoYou,andshowusourMansik(alltheceremoniesofpilgrimageHajjandUmrah),andacceptour
repentance.Truly,YouaretheOneWhoacceptsrepentance,theMostMerciful. Hence,theyaskedAllahtomakethemMuslims.Also,
He(ExaltedbeHe)saysonthetongueofYusuf(Joseph,peacebeuponhim), YouaremyWal(Protector,Helper,Supporter,
Guardian,God,Lord)inthisworldandintheHereafter.CausemetodieasaMuslim(theonesubmittingtoYourWill),andjoinme
withtherighteous. He(ExaltedbeHe)saysinthestoryofMusa(peacebeuponhim), AndMs(Moses)said:"Omypeople!Ifyou
havebelievedinAllh,thenputyourtrustinHimifyouareMuslims(thosewhosubmittoAllhsWill)." Also,He(ExaltedbeHe)says
onthetongueofBilqis: andIsubmit[inIslm,togetherwithSulaimn(Solomon)]toAllh,theLordoftheAlamn(mankind,jinn
andallthatexists). So,IslamisthereligionacceptedbyAllah(ExaltedbeHe)whosentHisProphetMuhammad(peacebeupon
him)withtheperfectandlastmessage.He(ExaltedbeHe)sentProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)withtheuniversaland
completemessageofIslam,whichisandwillbesuitableforalltimesandplacesuntiltheDayofJudgment.Asfortheprevious
Messengers,theyweresentwiththereligionofIslambutwithparticularDivineLawsdirectedexclusivelytotheirpeople.Hence,every
MessengerwassenttohispeoplewiththereligionofIslam,whichcallstomonotheism,butwithspecialandexclusiveDivineLaws.
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, Andverily,WehavesentamongeveryUmmah(community,nation)aMessenger
(proclaiming): WorshipAllh(Alone),andavoid(orkeepawayfrom)Tght(allfalsedeitiesi.e.donotworshipTghtbesides
Allh). Thus,AllahsenttoeverynationaMessengertocallitspeopletoIslamwhichcallspeopletoworshipAllahAlone,obeyHim,
keepawayfromworshippinganythingalongwithHim,andrenouncepolytheismanditspeoplebutwithspecialDivineLawsthat
suitedhistime,place,andthenatureofhispeople.Then,He(ExaltedbeHe)sealed
theMessengerswithMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)asAllahsenthimwiththecomprehensiveandperfectreligion,whichhas
been,isandwillbevalidforallpeoplesincetherevelationoftheEverGloriousQuranuntiltheDayofJudgment.Itisa
comprehensivereligion,whichdealswithallreligiousandworldlyaffairssuchasactsofworship,dealings,personalaffairs,and
criminalaffairs.IthandlesalltheaffairsofAllahsServants,regulatesalltheirneedsinthepresentandfuture,andclarifiesallthatis
requiredandneeded.Accordingly,IslamspreadatthetimesofAdam,Nuh,Hud(Hood),Salih(Saleh),Ibrahim,Lut(Lot),Ishaq
(Isaac),Ya`qub(Jacob)andYusuf(Joseph)peacebeuponthemallthroughDa`wah.TheMessengersandtheirfollowersand
advocatescalledtheirpeopletoAllah(ExaltedbeHe).
Thus,IslamspreadamongtheirnationsthroughDa`wahandnotthroughJihadandweapons.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)didnotmentionin
hisEverGloriousQuranthattheystruggledusingweapons,butHeindicatedthattheycalledtheirpeopletoAllah,gavegladtidingsto
thosewhofollowedHisReligionandwarnedthosewhodisobeyedHim.SomeoftheirpeoplewhomAllahguidedacceptedtheircall
andsomeotherswhochosethewayofmiseryrejectedtheircall.WeseekrefugewithAllahfromthisway.
WhenthenationsthatwerebeforeProphetMusa(peacebeuponhim)opposedtheirProphetsandrejectedtofollowthem,Allahsent
HisPunishmentagainstthemanddestroyedthemcompletelyexceptthosewhobelievedintheProphets.ProphetAdam(peacebe
uponhim)andhisprogenyuntilthetimeofProphetNuh(peacebeuponhim)wereMuslimsandwereontherightpath.However,this
doesnotmeanthattherewerenosinsamongthemasQabilcommittedasinwhenhekilledhisbrotherHabilfornorightfulreason.
Afterwards,SatanseducedandmadefairseemingtothepeopleofNuhtoexceedtheproperlimitsintheirloveoftherighteous
peopleamongthemtotheextentthattheyusedtodepictthemandputtheirpicturesintheirhouses.Then,Satanmadefairseeming
tothosewhofollowedthem
toworshipthesepicturesaccordingly,someofthepeopleofNuhbecamepolytheistsduetotheirexcessiveloveoftherighteous
personsamongthem,depictingthemandmakinginnovationsinthereligion.Hence,ProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)warned
againstpicturesandagainstinnovationsinreligionforinnovationsarethemeanstopolytheism.WeseekrefugewithAllahfrom
polytheism.ItisnarratedthatUmHabibahandUmSalamahmentionedtotheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)achurchwhich
theyhadseeninAbyssinia(Ethiopia)andwhichhadpicturesinit.TheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)said, Whenapious
personamongthosepeopledied,theybuiltaplaceofworshiponhisgrave,andthendecorateditwithsuchpictures.Theywouldbe
theworstofcreaturesontheDayofJudgmentinthesightofAllah.
Hence,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)statedthattheywouldbetheworstofcreaturesontheDayofJudgment,astheybuiltplaces
ofworshiponthegravesoftherighteouspeopleamongthemandthendecoratedthemwithpictures.DuringthetimeofNuh,Islam
spreadthroughDa`wahbutwhentheyrejectedthecallofProphetNuh,whostayedamongthemforninehundredandfiftyyears,
andadheredtopolytheism,AllahsentthemthefloodanddestroyedthemcompletelyexceptNuh(peacebeuponhim)andthosewith
himintheship.WesupplicateAllahtokeepussafe. www.ircpk.com
ThepeopleofProphetHud(peacebeuponhim)weredestroyedall[exceptthebelievers]byabarrenwind,andthepeopleofSalih
weredestroyedcompletely[exceptthebelievers]bytheearthquakeandtheawfulcry.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)punishedmanynations
withdifferenttypesofpunishmentbecauseoftheirdisbelief,deviation,andrejectionofthecalltoIslam.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)
prescribedJihadduringthetimeofMusa(peacebeuponhim)tosupporttherightandsuppressfalsehood.Then,Allah(Exaltedbe
He)legalizedJihadduringthetimeofProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)inaperfectway.WhenAllah(ExaltedbeHe)sentour
greatProphet(peacebeuponhim),he(peacebeuponhim)stayedinMakkahmorethantenyears,callinghispeopletoAllahandHis
ReligionwithoutJihad.HispeoplerejectedhiscallandharmedhimandhisCompanionsbuthe(peacebeuponhim)waspatient.At
first,thefirststageofDa`wahwassecret[limitedtothoseneartohim]then,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)orderedhimtodeclarehis
messagetothepublic.He(peacebeuponhim)respondedtoAllahandenduredalongwithhisCompanions,theharmofthe
polytheists.AbuBakrAlSiddiqKhadijah,Àly,andZayadibnHarithah(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemall)werethefirstMuslims.
AbuBakrAlSiddiq(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)wasanobleandvenerableman.Hewasknownamonghispeopletobekind,
beneficent,andwealthy,andhavegoodmorals.HecalledpeoplesecretlytoIslammanypeopleembracedIslamthroughhim
includingÙthman,AlZubayribnAlÀwwam,AbdAlRahmanibnÀwf,Sa`dibnAbiWaqqasandTalhahibnÙbaydullah(mayAllah
bepleasedwiththemall).ManypeopleinMakkahenteredIslamwithoutJihad,butthroughDa`wah,guidance,recitingtheQur'anand
clarifyingthemeritsofIslam.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)usedtoreadtheEverGloriousQur'anandclarifythetruthtothem
hence,theyacceptedhismessageandenteredthereligionofAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe).
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Then,IslamspreadamongthetribesandvillagesnearMakkahbecauseofthewiseDa`wahandwhattheyheardfromthe
CompanionsoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)whoembracedIslamandrespondedtotheProphet.TheProphet(peacebeupon
him)usedtopresenthimselftothetribesatthepilgrimageseasoneveryyear,callingthemtoIslamandaskingthemtosupportand
defendhimuntilhecouldconveyAllah'sMessage.ByAllah'sWill,AlAnsar(mayAllahbepleasedwiththem)acceptedtheProphet's
callandagreedtosupporthim.Atfirst,sixofthemmettheProphet(peacebeuponhim)nearAlJamrahtheyacceptedtheProphet's
callandpledgedtoconveytheProphet'smessagetotheirpeopleinMadinah.Hence,manyoftheirpeopleembracedIslam.The
followingyear,twelvepeopleofAlAnsar,includingthesixwhohadmetwithhimpreviously,cametotheProphet(peacebeupon
him).AsàdIbnZurarh(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)andsomeofhistribe,AlKhazraj,andtwopeople(orthree,accordingto
somenarrations)fromAlAwsmettheProphet(peacebeuponhim)ononeofthedaysofAlTashriq(11th,12thand13thofDhul
Hijjah).He(peacebeuponhim)recitedtheEverGloriousQur'antothemandtheypledgedallegiancetohim(peacebeuponhim)and
embracedIslam.TheyreturnedtotheirpeopleandcalledthemtoAllahhence,IslamspreadamongAlAnsar,whoallenteredIslam
exceptafew.AfterthattheydecidedtoinvitetheProphet(peacebeuponhim)tomigratetotheminordertosupportandsavehim
fromtheharmofthepolytheistsofMakkah.
AfterthefirstmeetingthatwasatAlÀqabah,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)sentMusàbIbnÙmayrwith
themtoteachthepeopleaboutIslaminMadinah.HecalledthepeopleofMadinahtoIslamandtaughtthem
aboutit.Hence,IslamspreadamongthemandmanypeopleembracedIslamathishands,includingthetwo
mastersof A lA w s , Sa`dIbnMuàdhandUsaydIbnAlHudayr.BecauseoftheirconversiontoIslam,manypeople
amongthetribeofAlAwsacceptedthenewreligion.Also,IslamspreadamongthetribeofAlKhazrajwhen
AsàdIbnZurarh,Sa`dIbnÙbadah,andothersembracedIslam.Thefollowingyear,seventypeopleofAlAnsar(or
seventythree,accordingtosomenarrations)wenttotheProphet(peacebeuponhim)andpledged
allegiancetohim,andpromisedtosupportanddefendhim.Thismeetingwasinthepresenceofthe
Prophet'suncle,AlÀbbasIbnÀbdulMuttalib(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim).TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
permittedtheMuslimstomigratetoMadinah.Afterwards,he(peacebeuponhim)migratedtoMadinahand
calledpeopletheretoIslam.Similarly,thosewhoembracedIslamfromamongthetribes,suchasAbuDharAl
GhifaryandÀmrIbnÀbsahAlSalami,calledtheirpeopletoAllahandspreadIslamthroughDa`wah.
Then,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)prescribedJihadinthreestages.First:He(ExaltedbeHe)permittedMuslimsto
performJihad.Second:He(ExaltedbeHe)orderedthemtofightthosewhofoughtagainstthemandtostop
anyfightingwiththosewhohadstoppedfightingagainstthem.Third:He(ExaltedbeHe)legislatedtwo
typesofJihaddefensiveandoffensive.Anyofthesethreestagescanbeusedaccordingtothe
circumstancesthatMuslimsexperience.Iftheyarestrong,Jihadwithitstwotypeswillbeobligatorywhileif
theyareweak,thedefensiveJihadonlywillbeobligatory.
Aswementionedbefore,themaingoalofJihadistospreadIslam,bringpeopleoutfromthedarknessinto
thelight,removeobstaclesfromthewayofDa`wah,andputanendtothecorruptpeoplewhoobstruct
Da`wahandpreventtheDuàhfromconveyingtheirmessage.Hence,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)legislatedJihad
topavethewayforDa`wahandtobringpeoplefromdarknessintolight,andfromthetrapofoppression
andtheabyssofdepravityintothejusticeofIslamandthegloryofguidance.TheProphet(peacebeupon
him)andhishonorableCompanions
andthosewhofollowedthemadoptedthewayofDa`wahsuccessfully.Hence,Islamspreadthroughsound
IslamicDa`wahandthroughJihadthatsupportedandmaintaineditwhenitfacedsomeobstacles.The
MuslimsmanagedtoexpeltheRomansfromAlSham(theLevant)andtoseizethePersianempire.Becauseofsincere
Da`wahandJihad,IslamspreadinYemenandamongdifferenttribesintheArabianPeninsula.Manyobstacles
werealsoremovedfromthewayofDa`wah.Indeed,thespreadofIslamthroughDa`wahwastheorigin
andthebasiswhereasJihadwithswordswasthesupportingelementandthedefenderagainstthe
corruptionofthosewhoobstructedthewayofDa`wah.
ThroughJihadandDa`wah,manycountriesfellintothehandsoftheMuslims.Manypeoplemaynotaccept
theDa`wah,asitcontradictstheirownwishesandiscontrarytotheirprohibiteddesiresandoppressive
leadership.Hence,Jihadcametosuppressthesepeopleandthoselikethem,andtoremovethemfromthe
wayofDa`wah.Inaword,JihadsupportstheDa`wah,achievesitsobjectives,andhelpstheDuàhto
performtheirduty.
Da`wahmaybe:
1)Anindividualduty(FardÀyni.e.anactthatisobligatoryoneveryindividual),or2)acollectiveduty
(FardKifayahi.e.adutywhich,ifperformedbysome,othersareexemptedfromtheobligationbut,if
noneperformsit,allwillbesinful).Da`wahbecomesanindividualdutywhenthereisnonetoenjoingood
andforbidevil.Ifyouareinacountryoraplaceinwhichnoneenjoinsgoodandforbidsevilwhileyou
havethenecessaryknowledgethatenablesyoutoperformDa`wah,youwillbeobligedtoperformDa`wah
i.e.toguidepeopletoAllah'sRightWay,enjointhemtodogoodandforbidthemfromevil.Ifasufficient
numberofqualifiedpeoplecanperformDa`wahandguidepeople,itisonlyaconfirmedSunnah(Sunnah
Mu'akkadahi.e.highlyrecommended,astheProphetkeptonperformingitallthetime)andnotobligatory
forotherstodo.Similarly,Jihadisacollectiveduty,whenthereisasufficientnumberofpeopledoingit.If
thereisnosufficientnumberofpeople,JihadandDa`wahbecomeobligatoryoneveryMuslim,
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eachaccordingtohisabilityasAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, SokeepyourdutytoAllhandfearHimas
muchasyoucan Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Allhburdensnotapersonbeyondhisscope. The
honorableCompanions(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemall)continuedtoperformJihadandDa`wah
perfectlybeforeandafterthedeathofourgreatProphet(peacebeuponhim).AbuMusa,MuàdhandÀliwere
senttoYemenduringthetimeoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)tocallpeopletoAllahandguidethem.
Then,MuàdhreturnedduringthetimeofAbuBakrAlSiddiq,whileÀlyandAbuMusareturnedatthetimeofthe
FarewellPilgrimage.TheirsuccessorsfollowedintheirfootstepsanddidtheirbesttospreadIslam.
TheCompanionswhowenttoIraqandAlShamcalledpeopletoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andspreadIslamthere.
AfterthedeathoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim),theyperformedDa`wah,Jihadandeducatedthepeople
i n A lS h a m , Iraq,Yemen,EgyptandmanyothercountriesinEastandNorthAfrica.Thus,Islamspreadinmany
countriesinthefourcornersoftheworld.
Nowadays,Jihadhasdwindled,asMuslimshavebecomedividedandhaveopenedthewayfortheirenemies
tohavetheupperhandinmanyplaces.Muslims,exceptforthosewhomAllahhasguided,havebecome
interestedingaininghighpositionsandsatisfyingtheirneedsandinterests.But,thereisnomightorpower
exceptwithAllah.
Inthesetimes,Da`wahandguidingpeopleshouldbeadoptedandshouldnotbeforsaken.Islamspread
throughDa`wahinmanyplacesinAfrica,Europe,America,Japan,KoreaandmanyothercountriesinAsia.The
MuslimtraderswhotraveledtomanyplacesanddealtwiththepeopleofthesecountriesandtheDuàhwho
taughtthepeopleintheircountriesleftnostoneunturnedtospreadIslamthere.
Hence,thosewhomAllah(ExaltedbeHe)grantsreligiousknowledgeshouldrealizethatDa`wahisoneof
thegreatesttasksasJihadisabsenttodayinmanyplacesandthepeopleareindireneedtolearntheir
religioninthelightoftheEverGloriousQur'anandSunnah.Thus,thosewhohavereligiousknowledge,
wherevertheyare,areobligedtocallpeopletoAllahandtoconveyHisMessagepatiently.TheirDa`wah
shouldstemfromtheEverGloriousQur'anandSunnahfollowingthestepsoftheProphet(peacebeupon
him),thehonorableCompanions,andtherighteouspredecessors(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemall).
Theyshouldcallthepeopletomonotheismandworktowardsclearingtheirheartsfrompolytheism,myths,
andinnovations[inreligion],aspeopleareafflictedbythesematters,exceptforthosewhomAllahhas
shownHisMercy.TheDuàhshouldtakeaninterestinpurifyingthecreedfromthepolytheismand
corruptionthathavebefallenit.Also,theyshouldworktowardsspreadingIslamanditsrulingsandmorals,
aswellasinstructingpeopleabouttheQur'anandSunnah.Actually,theEverGloriousQur'anisthemain
sourceincallingpeopletoperformthegoodwhileSunnahexplainsandclarifiesit.Inaddition,Muslims
shouldfollowtheProphet's(peacebeuponhim)exampleinhiswordanddeed.
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, AndVerily,you(OMuhammad)areonanexalted(standard
of)character. Àishah(mayAllahbepleasedwithher)said,"HischaracterwastheQur'an."Hence,theDuàh
shouldtakeaninterestintheEverGloriousQur'anbyrecitingittothepeopleandguidingthemtostudyand
actuponitsteachings.Similarly,theyshouldclarifytheSunnahandurgethemtoadheretoit.Inaddition,
theyshouldteachthemtheSirah(biography)oftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)andthebiographyofhis
honorableCompanionsinordertofollowtheirexampleandtobeguidedbytheirguidance.Thebestwayto
spreadIslamandpurifypeople'sheartsofpolytheism,mythsandinnovations[inreligion]istocallthemto
Allahwithwisdom,
fairpreaching,anddiscussing[withthem]inagoodway,inthelightofthehonorableQur'anicversesand
Hadith,andthewayoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)asadoptedbyhisCompanionsandthosewho
followedthem.
Finally,mayAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)guideusalltoworkforHisPleasureandguideustoHis
RightPath!MayHegrantusandallMuslimssuccessinfollowing,adheringto,andcallingtothewayofour
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)andhishonorableCompanions!IsupplicatetoHimtorectify,guideandgrant
successtotherulersoftheMuslims,andtobringthemandtheirpeopletogetherfollowingthewayoftruth
andguidance.MayAllahemploythemalltoperformJihadtosupportthetruthandcrushfalsehoodtobe
amongthetruecallerstoAllah!Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)isGenerousandGracious.Peaceand
blessingsbeupontheProphetofAllah,hisfamily,andhisCompanions.
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TheRulingonPeopleWhomthecallofIslamDoesnotReach
Q:TherearemillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldwhomtheDa`wahofIslamdoesnotreach:
whatisthereligiousrulingonthem?WilltheirfatebeHellfire?Iftheanswerisyes,whatis
theirguiltiftheMessageofIslamdidnotreachthem?WilltheyenterParadise?Howcould
theyenterintoitwhiletheydidnotperformtheobligationsimposedontheminthisworldly
lifebytheirLord?Ihopeyoucouldexplainthismattertome.MayAllahrewardyouthebest.
A : ThemostpreponderantopinionregardingthiscategoryofpeopleisthattheywillbetestedontheDayof
JudgmentthosewhofollowthecommandwillenterParadisewhilethosewhodisobeyitwillentertheHell
fire,asAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, AndWeneverpunishuntilWehavesentaMessenger(togivewarning).

TheeminentscholarIbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)expatiateduponthiscategoryinthelast
chapterofhisbook,TareeqAlHijratayn[TheWayoftheTwoHijrahs]withinadiscussionontheCategories
oftheMukallafs(personsmeetingtheconditionstobeheldlegallyaccountablefortheiractions).Formore
information,youcanrefertoit,sinceitincludesacomprehensiveanswertothequestion.AllahAloneguides
tosuccess.
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Islamicunity,Sufigroups,innovationanddeviationpromotion,andthedutiesofAhlul
Sunnahtowardsthem
A lTadamunAlIslami[IslamicSolidarity]MagazinehadthehonorofmakinginterviewwithHisExcellency,
ShaykhÀbdulÀzizibnÀbdullahibnBaz,ChairmanoftheDepartmentsofScholarlyResearch,Ifta',
Da`wah,andGuidance.
HisExcellency,ShaykhÀbdulÀzizibnÀbdullahibnBazwasoneofthescholarsoftheKingdomofSaudi
ArabiaandtheIslamicUmmah.HeisaremarkableauthorityinIslamiceducationandoneofthegreatfigures
oftheIslamicthoughtinthisage.Besides,heexertedgreateffortsinpromulgatingthepureIslamiccreed
removingthemisconceptions,spreadingtheIslamicDa`wahallovertheworld.
HisExcellencykindlyansweredthequestionsofthereporterofAlTadamunAlIslamiMagazineaboutmany
issuesthatconcerntheIslamicUmmah.
Followingistheaccountofthisview:
TheissueofAlQudsandAfghanistan:
TalkingabouttheimpactofIslamicconferencesandmeetingsheadedbyhisExcellencyontheIslamicwork,
Islamiccreed,andonparticulartheIslamicawakening,hesaid:
IntheNameofAllah,theAllMerciful,theEverMerciful.MaythepeaceandblessingsofAllahbeupon
Allah'sMessenger,anduponallhishouseholdandCompanions.
WegatherinthesemeetingswithfellowMuslimsworkingforthesakeofIslamandIslamicscholarsand
intellectualsfromallthecountriesoftheworld.Throughthesemeetings,wewishwelfareandprosperityfor
MuslimsassuchmeetingsareforthesakeofIslamanditsfollowers.
AmongthemostimportantofthesemeetingsisthatofthemembersofthefoundingcounciloftheMuslim
WorldLeague,whichisbeingheldthesedaysforthesakeofdiscussingtheissuesconcerningtheMuslims
andexertingeverypossibleeffortinanattempttoillustrateandbringaboutsoundsolutions,inthehope
thattheymightbenefittheMuslimsandsolvetheirproblems.
ThemostimportantissuethatconcernstheMuslimsistheissueoftheMiddleEast.Itisachronicissueand
theissueofPalestineandAlQuds(Jerusalem).ThelateeventsofLebanontookplaceatthehandsoftheenemiesof
AllahfromtheJews,andthestruggleamongtheLebanesethemselves,madethingsevenworseandaggravated
thecatastrophe.
ThefutureisfortheMujahids(thosefightingintheCauseofAllah)
ThefoundingcounciloftheMuslimWorldLeaguepaysgreatattentiontothesetwoissues,aboutwhichthey
issuedresolutionsandrecommendationsthattheydeemedappropriate.IaskAllah(ExaltedbeHe)to
benefittheMuslimsthroughthis.
AnotherissuethatconcernstheMuslimsisthatoftheongoingwarbetweentheAfghaniMujahidsandthe
hirelingcommunistgovernmentinKabul.
ThisJihadundoubtedlyconcernsalltheMuslims.ThankstoAllah,therealitiesaugurwellandthevictories
oftheAfghaniMuslimMujahidsaresuccessive,sincetheirlandswereoccupiedandtheywereoppressedin
theirreligion.Thus,wewishvictoryforthemandaskAllahtograntthemgoodendings.Allcurrentgood
omensindicatethatthefuturebodeswellinfavoroftheMujahids,andthatAllahwillgrantthemvictory
overtheirenemyandreturnthemsuccessful,triumphantandhighmettledtotheircountries.Italso
indicatesthatAllahwillhumiliatetheirhirelingenemyandthosewhohelpedandassistedit.
WeaskAllah(ExaltedbeHe)tomaintainHisreligion,elevateHisWord,andimprovetheaffairsofthe
Muslimseverywhere,aidthemwiththetruth,andmaintainthetruththroughthem.
Returntoconciliationandtowhatisright:
AmongthemostimportantissuesthatconcerntheMuslimsistheongoingwarbetweenIraqandIran,asithas
lastedforalongtimeandmuchbloodshedanddestructionoccurred.Italsobroughtaboutevil
consequencestobothparties.
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MayAllahgatherthetwopartiesontherightandputanendtothiswarinawaythatbenefitstheMuslims
andharmstheirenemies.MayAllahguidebothpartiestoreasonandrightness,andreturntowhatinvolves
welfareandgoodendforthemboth.
Indeed,MuslimseverywhereviewthatitisthedutyofthegovernmentofIrantoreturntorightnessandto
agreetothepeacefulsolutionasdidIraq,sincethecontinuityofwarandnoncompliancewithwellmeaning
intercessionareimproperand
impermissible.ItisalsoobligatorytoreturntoreconciliationasAllah(ExaltedbeHe)saysinHisGlorious
Book(theQur'an), Andiftwopartiesorgroupsamongthebelieversfalltofighting,thenmakepeacebetweenthemboth.Butif
oneofthemoutragesagainsttheother,thenfightyou(all)againsttheonethatwhichoutragestillitcomplieswiththeCommandof
Allh.Thenifitcomplies,thenmakereconciliationbetweenthemjustly,andbeequitable.Verily!Allhlovesthosewhoarethe
equitable. Thebelieversarenothingelsethanbrothers(inIslmicreligion).Somakereconciliationbetweenyourbrothers,andfear
Allh,thatyoumayreceivemercy.
JudgingbytheQur'an:
IfbothpartiesdeemthatIslamistrueandthattheQur'anistrue,thentheyareobligedtoreturntothe
judgmentoftheQur'an,besatisfiedwithwhattheQur'anhasestablishedandappointgoodmenas
mediatorstosolvetheproblem.Thosemediatorsshouldbeaffiliatedwithneitherofthetwopartiesand
shouldupholdtruth,helprightsreachtheirownerstoestablishtheequityandreconciliationuntilthis
destructivewarisoverandeachpartysubmittotherightandthetruth.So,theyusewhatAllahhasgiven
themofweapons,wealth,ammunitionandmanpowerinthatwhichpleasesAllahandbenefitstheMuslims,
notinwhatharmsthemanddamagestheirhomelands,souls,wealth,andselves.ItisAllah(Alone)Whose
helpweseek.
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TheIslamicawakening
HisExcellencyalsospokeabouttheobligationsonMuslimscholarsandthinkersintheIslamic
UmmahtowardsthecontemporaryIslamicresurgence.Hesaid,
"ItisanobligationonMuslimscholarseverywheretoadvisetheMuslimsandexerteffortsin
guidingthemtothemeansofsalvation,andalsotoremindthemofthingsagainstwhichAllah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)andtheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)warnedthem,thatisof
theadverseconsequencesofdisobediencetoAllah,
neglectofHisCommands,andjudgmentbyotherthanHisShariàh(Law).Theyshouldalso
remindthemthat(true)happiness,salvation,andsafetycouldbynomeansbeachievedfor
themexceptthroughtheirholdingfastallofthemtogethertotheRopeofAllah,their
helpingoneanotherinrighteousnessandpiety,theirstandingtogetheragainsttheirenemies,
theirmaintenanceofAllah'sCommandandtheirrecourseforjudgmenttoAllah'sShariàh.
Thisistheunswervingwayandthestraightpathwhereliestheirsalvation,theirglory,and
theirhappinessinworldlylifeandintheHereafter.
HoldingfasttotheRopeofAllah:
Thereisnowayfortheirvictoryovertheirenemiesandretrievaloftheirpastgloriesand
ravishedhonorexceptthroughthiswayandpath,namelyholdingfast,allofthemtogether
totheRopeofAllah,helpingoneanotherinrighteousnessandpiety,standingtogether
againstfalsehoodanditsfollowers,seekingthehelpofAllah,adheringtothereligion,making
readyalltheycanofpowerforJihadintheWayofAllah,retrievalofpastgloriesandstolen
rightsthathadbeenseizedbytheenemiesduetoourdisunity,negligence,anddisobedience.
ItisAllah(Alone)whomwebeseechforhelp.
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TheSufigroupsdistracttheMuslims
Q:Atpresent,specificallythesedays,Islamisbeingexposedtodetractionbywayofsome
Sufigroups,charlatans,sorcery,mythologies,andsuperstitions.WhatisthewaytheMuslim
scholarsshouldadopttoencounterfalseclaimsandmisleadinginnovations(inreligion)?
Unfortunately,theenemiesofIslammakeuseofthosewhoaffiliatewithIslam,ofthesuperstitiouspeople,Sufis,
andotherswhofollowinnovationstopropagatetheirfalsehoodanddistracttheMuslimswiththatwhich
couldharmthemandresultintheirdisunityanddisagreement,sothattheycouldfulfilltheirtarget,seizethe
wealthofthecountries,anddisruptunityoftheMuslims.
Resistingpeopleofinnovationsandfalsebeliefs:
Theonlymeansofsafetyagainstthat[danger]isthatqualifiedscholars,whoarenotedfortheirknowledge
ofAllah's(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)religionandtheSunnahoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim),should
directtheMuslimstowardsadherencetothetruthoftheirreligion,andtheabandonmentofeveryinnovation
(inreligion),andsuperstitionsofthedifferentandvariousSufiwaysthatarealsooppositetoAllah'sLaw
andofallinnovationsinreligionthatarepropagatedbymanypeople.TheMuslimscholarsshouldalsourge
Muslimsandassureforthemthatthereisnowayforsalvationandreunionexceptthroughholdingfastto
AlmightyAllah'sBookandtotheSunnahofHistrustworthyProphet(peacebeuponhim),andalsothrough
abandonmentofwhateveropposesthemofprejudicesandinnovations.
Thewayisoneandthesame:
Indeed,AllahhasperfectedthereligionandcompletedHisFavor.Thus,thereisnoneedtoadhereto
anythingthatopposesit,bigotedlypersistinit,orengageindisagreementbecauseofit.
Rather,thewayshouldbeone,namely,adherencetotheGloriousQur'anandthePurifiedSunnahby
associatingnopartnersinworshipwithAllah(ExaltedbeHe),sincerelyworshippingHim,renouncingthe
worshipofotherthanHim,abandoningoverestimationofgravesandthedeadandrefrainingfrominvoking,
beseechingthemforhelp,etc.
Innovationsandaberrationsareinvalid:
TheyarefromofassociatingpartnerswithAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)inworship,thoughworshipis
duetoAllahAlone.He(ExaltedbeHe)says, Andtheywerecommandednot,butthattheyshouldworshipAllh,and
worshipnonebutHimAlone(abstainingfromascribingpartnerstoHim) He(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays, SoworshipAllh
(Alone)bydoingreligiousdeedssincerelyforAllhssakeonly. Surelythereligion(i.e.theworshipandtheobedience)isforAllh
only. Besides,
theProphet(peacebeuponhim)saidintheHadithreportedintheTwoSahih(authentic)BooksofHadith
(i.e.AlBukharyandMuslim)fromMuàdhibnJabal(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim), TherightofAllahoverHis
slavesisthattheyshouldworshipHimandnotassociateanythingwithHim. .
ItisanobligationonMuslimscholarstospreadthereligionofAllahandexplaintothefollowersof
innovations,Sufism,superstitions,anddeviationsshowingtheinvalidityoftheinnovationsthattheyadopt,
illustratingtheHonorableSunnahandtheclearcut,tolerantway,demonstratingtothemtheevidencefrom
theQur'anandtheSunnah,andwarningthemagainsttheirmistakesinaliberalmannerusingtheclear
proof,conclusiveevidence,irrefutableargumentandunequivocalstylewithoutviolenceorharshness.
Rather,theyshouldaddresstheminlucidexpressionsandargueinawaythatisbettersothattheycould
considerthemattercarefullyanddiscardsuperstitions,polytheisticactions,andinnovationswhichthey
followwithoutguidanceorinsight.Indeed,truthisthelongsoughtobjectiveofthebeliever,which
wheneverhefindsitheshouldassumeit.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Andsay:"Truth(i.e.IslmicMonotheismor
thisQurnorJihdagainstpolytheists)hascomeandBtil(falsehood,i.e.Satanorpolytheism)hasvanished.SurelyBtilisever
boundtovanish." TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Hewhodidanyactforwhichthereisnosanctiononourbehalf,
thatistoberejected. .
Innovationsmustberenouncedandencountered:
Everyinnovation,aberration,andapproachthatopposestheLawofAllahmustbediscarded.Allpeople
shouldpursuethewaythatwastroddenbytheProphet(peacebeuponhim)throughouthislifeandthen
assumedbyhisCompanionsandtherightlyguidedCaliphsandlaterfollowedbythevirtuousImamsand
righteousSalaf(predecessors),whotreadedintheirstepsontherightwayandstraightpath.
Thisisthewaythatmustbeadopted,followed,andpreachedandwhateverdisagreeswithitincluding www.ircpk.com
innovationsbroughtaboutbythepeoplemustbeabandonedandrepudiatedthrough
explanationandclarification,sothatnone(ofthoserejectingtheFaith)wouldbepunishedexceptafterclear
evidence.
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TheFoundationoftheIslamicUnity
HisExcellencyalsospokeaboutthefoundationoftheIslamicunity,saying:
IslamicunitycanonlybeachievedthroughtheunanimousagreementoftheMuslimrulerstothereligionof
Allah,theirholdingfasttotheRopeofAllah,andtheirhelpingoneanotherinrighteousnessandpiety.Their
objectiveshouldbemaintainingthetruth,guidinghumanbeings,andtakingAllah'sShariàh(Law)asjudge
amongpeople.
Inthisway,theywouldbeunited,asAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, Andholdfast,allofyoutogether,to
theRopeofAllh(i.e.thisQurn),andbenotdividedamongyourselves He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsosays, Then
Wehaveputyou(OMuhammad)ona(plain)wayof(Our)commandment[liketheonewhichWecommanded
OurMessengersbeforeyou(i.e.legalwaysandlawsoftheIslmicMonotheism)].Sofollowyouthat(IslmicMonotheismandits
laws),andfollownotthedesiresofthosewhoknownot.(TafsirAtTabar). Verily,theycanavailyounothingagainstAllh(ifHe
wantstopunishyou).
HoldingfasttoAllah'sShariàh:
Thus,theonlymeanstoachievetrueIslamicunityandrealunionisthroughtheunanimousagreementof
theleaderstoresorttoAllah'sreligion,adheretoAllah'sShariàh,helponeanotherinrighteousnessand
piety,andtakeAllah'sShariàhasajudge,renouncingpositivelaws,manmadeviews,anddiscarding
importedtheoriesthatcontradictAllah'sShariàh.ThereshouldbenojudgebuttheShariàhofAllahwhich
theMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim),hisCompanions,andthosewhofollowedhimwith
righteousnesstookasjudge.
Thisistheonlymeanstounifytheirword,bringthemtogether,unitetheirlines,achievevictoryovertheir
enemy,retrievetheirpastglories,andhonorthathavebeenusurpedby
theenemyduetotheexistenceofthecausesofdisunion,disruption,disagreement,combatingandwarring
whichhaveharmedandnotbenefitedus.
Thedutyofscholarsandthemassmedia:
HisExcellencyalsospokeaboutthedutyofscholarsandreligiousspecialistsandmassmediatowardswhat
thosewhoaffiliatethemselveswithreligionandscienceinsomeIslamiccountriesandpropagateinnovations
inreligion,superstitions,andaberrations.HisExcellencysaid,
Weareattheendofthetime(worldlylife).WearenowinthefifteenthcenturyofHijrah,inwhichignorance
hasspreadandknowledgehasdiminished,astheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)said, Timewillpass
rapidly,ignorancewillprevail,andreligiousknowledgewilldecrease. .
Inaddition,onlyveryafewinsightfulscholarsinMuslimcountriesexistwhiletherearemanybadscholars
andcharlatanswhomakethefalseclaimofhavingknowledgewhiletheyarenotscholars.Theyfalsely
affiliatethemselveswithknowledgebuttheyareinsignificantandvaluelessduetotheirlackofknowledgeof
thetruthandtheirfailuretosupportit.Afterall,theargumentofdissenters,innovatorsinreligion,and
aberrantsisweakifnotfrail.
ItisalsothedutyofscholarsthosewhosupportthetruthandwhomAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
hasguidedthroughHisBookandthroughtheSunnahofHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)and
enlightenedthemonthetruthsothattheyknewthewayoftheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)andofthe
Companions,realizedthatvictoryundoubtedlycomesthroughadherencetoAllah'sreligionandcarryingit
outinprecisemanner.Theycallforit,recognizetheSunnahoftheMessenger(peacebeuponhim),adhere
tothetruereligion,andespousewhatwasbroughtbytheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)topropagate
IslamicDa`wahandrefinethecreedofinnovations,aberrationsanddeviations.
Thosearethescholarsuponwhomhopesarehungandwhocallpeopletothetruth.Suchscholarsare
requiredtopatientlyundergoharm,andpreachAllah'sreligion,andexplaintothemtherealityofIslamwith
whichtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)wassentsothatignorancewouldbecleared,confusiondispelled,
andtruthwouldbecomemanifestforthoseseekingit.
Returntothetruthandtheright:
Inconsequence,thepreachersofinnovationsandsuperstitions,oftheSufisandothers,wouldrealizethe
falsityoftheirclaimsandthus,returntotherightandfollowthetruth,sincemanyofthemhavebeen
confusedasregardsthetruth.Iftheyperceivethetruth,theywouldsurelyfollowitandkeeptoitspath.
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Indeed,ifthepeopleendowedwithknowledge,insight,andbeliefspreadthetruth,enlightenedpeopleon
Allah'sCommandmentsandcalledtoHisShariàhandexplainedtheevidenceofthis,thenAllahwould
guidewhoeverHewills(toguide).Byfollowingthisway,thescholarsofIslamwouldhavedonegoodto
peopleandconveyedtothemwhattheyarerequiredtoconvey,andfulfilledtheirduty.Afterwards,whoever
deliberatelygoesastray,hisaffairislefttoAllah.AllahhaspromisedtofillHellfireandParadise,asHe
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, Notuponyou(Muhammad)istheirguidance,butAllhguideswhom
Hewills. Indeed,religiousscholarsarerequiredtoconvey,explain,andcorroborate(thetruth)withevidence,
enlightenthepeopleonit,andpatientlypersevereinthis.Afterall,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)guides
whoeverHewills(tothetruth).
RefinementofIslamiccreed:
ThemassmediaarerequiredtopropagatethepureIslamiccreedsothatitwouldbeclearofallstainsof
innovation,polytheism,andclaimsofsorcery,sothat
peoplewouldnotgoastrayorbedeceivedbywhattheSufis,preachersofinnovationsandsuperstitionssay.
SuchisthedutyofallmassmediaintheserviceoftheplainandclearcreedandtopropagateIslamic
Da`wah.AllahistheOneWhoshouldbesoughtforhelp.
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Importantquestionsandtheiranswers
ThesearequestionsthatIwasaskedinSafar23,1406A.H.alongwiththeiranswers:
Q:Itissaidthattheearlypolytheistsadmittedthattheyworshippedtheirgodsonlytobring
themneartoAllah,andtheywereworshippingidols,sohowcanyoudeclarethoseyoucall
Quburiyyuni.e.graveworshippers,tobepolytheistswhiletheydonotworshipidolsorclaim
thatthoseidolsaretobeworshipped,buttheyonlyseekblessingsthroughthem?
A : Worshipisnotidentifiedthroughpeople'sviewsbutisratherdeterminedthroughAllah's
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)judgment.Theearlypolytheistsaredividedintodifferent
categories,suchasthosewhoworshippedidols,thosewhoworshippedprophets,thosewho
worshippedrighteouspeople,thosewhoworshippedtrees,thosewhoworshippedstones,and
thosewhoworshippedotherthings.Thus,theyarenotonanequallevel.However,Allah
declaredthemalltobedisbelieversuntiltheyenterHisreligion,andworshipHimAlone.He
(ExaltedbeHe)says, NorwouldheorderyoutotakeangelsandProphetsforlords(gods).Wouldheorderyoutodisbelieve
afteryouhavesubmittedtoAllhsWill?(TafsirAtTabar). Thus,Hedeclaredthosewhoworshiptheprophets
andangelsdisbelieversiftheydonotsubmittowhatisright.Besides,itiswellknownthat
thepeopleof A lT a ' i f worshippedAlLat,whowasarighteousman.However,Allahdeclared

themtobedisbelieversuntiltheyenteredIslam.Likewise,theChristianswouldworshipthe
Messiah(Jesus)andhismother,whilehewasaProphetandhismotherwasaSiddiqah[i.e.
shebelievedinthewordsofAllahandHisBooks],andinturnthey(Christians)weredeclared
disbelievers.ThesameappliestotheJewswhoworshippedtheirrabbisandtheirmonksand
worshipped'Uzayr(Ezra)claimingthathewasthesonoftheLord,andinturntheybecame
disbelievers.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)saysintheQur'an, Say(OMuhammad
):"CalluponthosebesidesHimwhomyoupretend[tobegodslikeangels,Is(Jesus),Uzair(Ezra),andothers.].Theyhave
neitherthepowertoremovetheadversityfromyounoreventoshiftitfromyoutoanotherperson." Thosewhomtheycallupon
[like Is(Jesus)sonofMaryam(Mary),Uzair(Ezra),angel]desire(forthemselves)meansofaccesstotheirLord(Allh),asto
whichofthemshouldbethenearestandthey[ Is(Jesus),Uzair(Ezra),angelsandothers]hopeforHisMercyandfearHis
Torment. Moreover,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)informedaboutsomepolytheistssayingthatthey
wouldworshiprighteouspersonsseekingforthemselvesameansofaccesstotheirLord,
hopingforHisMercy,andfearingHisTorment.He(ExaltedbeHe)condemnedtheirworshipof
otherthanHim,andindicatedthatthey(thoseworshipped)hadneitherthepowertoremove
theadversityfromthosewhoworshippedthem,nortoshiftitfromthemtootherpersons.
Moreover,scholarofexegesiscommentedonthisversesayingthatitwasrevealedregarding
theMessiah,hismotherand'Uzair,andalsoregardingeveryprophetorrighteousperson.
Inaddition,IbnMasùd(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)saidthatitwasrevealedregarding
humanbeingswhowouldworshipindividualsfromtheJinn,astheJinnembracedIslamwhile
thosehumanskeptworshippingthem.
Inshort,itwasrevealedregardingrighteouspersonsandprophets,asAllahdeclaredthose
whoworshipthemtobedisbelieversandinformedthattheyhaveneitherthepowerto
removeadversityfromthosewhoworshipthem,nortoshiftitfromthemtootherpersons.
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, SuchisAllh,yourLordHisisthekingdom.Andthose,whomyouinvokeorcalluponinstead
ofHim,ownnotevenaQitmr(thethinmembraneoverthedatestone). Ifyouinvoke(orcallupon)them,theyhearnotyourcall
andif(incase)theyweretohear,theycouldnotgrantit(yourrequest)toyou.AndontheDayofResurrection,theywilldisownyour
worshippingthem.
Hence,Hecalledtheirinvocationpolytheismalthoughtheyinvokedthemonlybecausethey
(theythought)wereintercessors,andnotbecausetheybelievedtheyhadthepowerto
removeadversity,bringabenefit,create,orsustain.Rather,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)saysabout
themthattheyadmitted, WeworshipthemonlythattheymaybringusneartoAllh. and, Theseareourintercessors
withAllh. Yet,Hedeclaredthemtobedisbelieversbecauseofsuchworship,eventhoughthey
believedonlythatthey(thoseworshipped)wereintercessorsandpeopleneartoAllah,
withoutallegingthattheycouldcreate,sustain,benefit,orharm.
Furthermore,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Andwhoeverinvokes(orworships),besidesAllh,anyotherilh(god),of
whomhehasnoproofthenhisreckoningisonlywithhisLord.Surely!AlKfirn(thedisbelieversinAllhandintheOnenessof
Allh,polytheists,pagans,idolaters)willnotbesuccessful. Thus,Hecalledthemdisbelieverseventhoughthey
worshippedthem,notbecausetheycouldbenefit,harm,orindependentlybringbenefitor
removeharm,orcreate,butbecausetheysuchworshippersallegedcouldbringthem www.ircpk.com
nearertoAllahandintercedewithHimontheirbehalf.
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, Andwhoismoreastraythanonewhocallson(invokes)besidesAllh,
suchaswillnotanswerhimtilltheDayofResurrection,andwhoare(even)unawareoftheircalls(invocations)tothem? Andwhen
mankindaregathered(ontheDayofResurrection),they(falsedeities)willbecometheirenemiesandwilldenytheirworshipping.
Thisgenerallyappliestoprophets,righteouspersons,andothers.
ItmeansthatallscholarshaveunanimouslyagreedthatwhoeverworshipsotherthanAllah
(ExaltedbeHe),whetheritbeanidol,aprophet,arighteousperson,ajinnioranythingelse,
isadisbeliever,
eveniftheworshippedbeingisaprophetorarighteousperson.Indeed,thisunanimitycovers
allscholars,andtheevidenceofthis(judgment)fromthesayingsofAllah(Glorifiedand
ExaltedbeHe)andfromthesayingsoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)aremanifest,some
ofwhicharementionedabove.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)isundoubtedlytheGuideto
Success.
Q:Whataboutthequestioner'ssayingthatsuchworshipperssaidthattheyworshipthemonly
tobringthemneartoAllah,acknowledgingtheirworshipofthem,whilethelatter(group)
claimthattheydonotworshipthembutonlyseektheirblessings?
A : Answer:Considerationisgiventofactsandmeaningandnottoterms.Thus,iftheysay
thattheydonotworshipthembutratherseektheirblessings,itwouldnotavailthemaslong
astheyassumethepracticeofthepolytheistsprecedingthem,eveniftheydonotcallit
worship(astheycallitseekingintercessionorblessingofthem).SeekingotherthanAllahand
invokingthedead,theprophets,andtherighteous,andofferingsacrificestothem,
prostratingtoorcallingfortheirhelpareallactsofworship,eveniftheycallitserviceor
anythingelse,sincewhatcountarefactsandnotnames,asisexplainedabove.
AnexampleofthisisthesayingofthegroupwhowentoutwiththeProphet(peacebeupon
him)toHunayn.Whentheysawthepolytheistshangingtheirweaponsonalotusjujube,they
said,"OMessengerofAllah,makeDhatAnwat(somethinglikethetree)forustohangthings
onitastheydo".Then,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)saidtothem, "AllahistheGreatest!Bythe
OneinWhoseHandmysoulis,youhavesaid(something)similartowhattheChildrenofIsraelsaidtoMusa(Moses),'Makeforusan
ilah(god)astheyhavealihah(gods)'".
Thus,hemadethetwostatementsequaltoeachothereventhoughthelattersaid,"Make
DhatAnwat(somethinglikethetree)forustohangthingsonit",comparingtheirsayingto
thatofthechildrenofIsrael,sincewhatcountsisthemeaningandfact,notthemereterm.
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Q3:Anotherquestionreads:YoupreachTawhid(beliefintheOnenessofAllah/
monotheism),sowhatistheproofyougivetotheKalimahofMonotheism?Fromwhereisit
derived??
A 3 : TheansweristhattherearemanyproofsofthisintheBookofAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)[i.e.
theQur'an],andfromtheSunnahofHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim).Tawhidsignifiestheworshipof
AllahAlonei.e.thebeliefthatHeisOneandthatHehasnopartner.Theversesindicatingthismeaning
includeAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying, AndI(Allh)creatednotthejinnandmankindexceptthattheyshouldworshipMe
(Alone). and, AndWedidnotsendanyMessengerbeforeyou(OMuhammad)butWerevealedtohim
(saying):LilhaillaAna[nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutI(Allh)],soworshipMe(Aloneandnoneelse)." Thereare
numerousverseswiththesamemeaning.
TheHadithincludetheauthenticHadithrelatedinSahihAlBukharyfromIbnÀbbas(mayAllahbepleasedwith
themboth)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)saidtoMuàdh(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim),whenhe
senthimtoYemen, Invitethembethe(Tauhid)monotheismofAllah. TheabovewordingisrelatedbyAlBukharyin
hisSahih[BookofHadith].ItisalsorelatedinSahihMuslimontheauthorityofTariqIbnAshyamAlAshja`y(may
Allahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Hewhoprofessedthatthereisnoneworthy
ofworship(intruth)butAllahandmadeadenialofeverythingwhichthepeopleworshipbesideAllah,hisproperty,andbloodbecame
inviolable,andhisaffairsrestwithAllah. Thus,hestated,"Hewhoprofessedthatthereisnoneworthyofworship
(intruth)butAllah",implyingthatthisisthemeaningof"LilhaillaAna(nonehastherighttobe
worshippedbutAllah)".
TheseHadithalsoincludethatwhichisrelatedinSahihMuslimontheauthorityofIbnÙmar(mayAllahbe
pleasedwiththemboth)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Islamisbasedonfivepillars:testimonythat
thereisnogodbutAllah... ThisisanexplanationoftheProphet's(peacebeuponhim)sayingintheother
narration Islamisbasedonfivepillars:TestimonythatthereisnogodbutAllahandthatMuhammadistheMessengerofAllah...
TherearenumerousotherHadithtothesameeffect.AllahAloneistheGuidetosuccess.
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Q4:Asforthequestionthatamanwhohassistersmarriedtopolytheistmen.Whenhe
acceptedIslam,hecalledthesistersandtheirhusbandstobelieveintheOnenessofAllahand
hissistersansweredhimwhiletheirhusbandsrefused.Shouldheseparatehissistersfrom
theirhusbandsorwhatshouldhedo?
A:Ifthey(thesisters)areMuslims,thentheirmarriageisinvalid,andheshouldseparatehissistersfrom
theirhusbands,asheisobligedtodoso.However,iftheywereinIslamiclands,therulershouldseparate
themfromtheirdisbelievinghusbands.Yet,iftheyweredisbelievers,suchasJewish,Christian,oridolatrous
women,theirmarriageisthenvalid,butiftheyembraceIslam,theywouldthenbeforbiddentoremain
marriedtotheirhusbandswhopersistindisbelief.ForAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, Theyarenot
lawful(wives)forthedisbelieversnorarethedisbelieverslawful(husbands)forthem. Theymustbeseparatedfromtheir
disbelievinghusbands,unlessthehusbandsembraceIslamduringthetimeofÌddah(woman'sprescribed
waitingperiodafterdivorceorwidowhood),sincetheyarelegallystillwivesofthosehusbands(duringthe
Ìddah).ThisissoevenafterthepassingoftheÌddah,accordingtothecorrectopinion,ifthewifedoes
notgetmarried(toanotherperson),thehusbandhastherighttotakeherbacktohisauthorityjustasthe
Prophet's(peacebeuponhim)daughter,Zaynab(mayAllahbepleasedwithhe),camebacktoherhusband
AbuAlÀsibnAlRabiàfterheembracedIslam,althoughbythenherÌddahhadexpired.Maythepeaceand
blessingsofAllahbeuponourProphet,Muhammad,hisfamily,andhisCompanions.
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RulingonswearingbyotherthanAllah
Q:IsitpermissibletoswearbytheProphet(peacebeuponhim)?
A : Itisnotpermissibletoswearbyanycreature,includingtheProphet(peacebeuponhim),
theKa`bah,thetrust,oranythingelseaccordingtothemajorityofscholars.Rather,some
scholarsreportedaconsensusthatthisisprohibited.Anoddview,however,isreportedabout
thepermissibilityofswearingbytheProphet(peacebeuponhim),whichisagroundless
opinion.Infact,itisaninvalidviewthatcontradictstheprecedingconsensusofscholarsand
HadithSahih(authentic)mentionedonthisissue.AmongtheseHadithistheonerelatedbyAl
BukhariandMulimfromAmirAlMu'minin(CommanderoftheBelievers),ÙmaribnAlKhattab(may
Allahbepleasedwithhim),thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Verily!Allahforbidsyouto
swearbyyourfathers.Ifonehastotakeanoath,theyshouldswearbyAllahorelsekeepsilent. Itisalsorelatedinthe
TwoSahihBooksofHadith(i.e.AlBukhariandMuslim)ontheauthorityofAbuHurayrah(may
Allahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Whoeverswears,saying(by
error)intheiroath'ByAlLatandAlÙzza,'theyshouldsay,'ThereisnodeitybutAllah.'" Thisisbecausetheonewho
swearsbyotherthanAllahcommitsasortofShirk(associatingotherswithAllahinHis
Divinityorworship).TheKaffarah(expiation)forthisistosincerelyandtruthfullyproclaim
theShahadah(TestimonyofFaith)toatonefortheShirktheyhaveslippedinto.Moreover,Al
TirmidhyandAlHakimrelatedthroughasoundSanad(chainofnarrators)fromIbnÙmar(may
Allahbepleasedwiththemboth)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Anyonewhoswearsby
otherthanAllahhasbecomeaKafir(disbeliever)orMushrik(onewhoassociatesotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship). Abu
DawudrelatedfromBuraydahibnAlKhasib(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet(peace
beuponhim)said: AnyonewhoswearsbyAmanah(trust)isnotoneofus. OntheauthorityofAbuHurayrah(may
Allahbepleasedwithhim)whonarratedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Donot
swearbyyourfathers,mothers,oridolsanddonotswearbyAllahexceptwhenyouare
truthful. (RelatedbyAbuDawudandAlNasa'y)Otherscholarswhoreportedunanimityregardingtheprohibitionofswearingbyother
thanAllahincludeImamAbuÙmaribnÀbdulBarAlNamiry(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim).Someotherscholars,however,
deemeditreprehensible,and,thus,itshouldbeconsideredasprohibitivelyreprehensibleaccordingtothetextsandfavorable
judgmentofscholars.Ontheotherhand,somescholarsdeemeditassomewhatallowableonaccountofthereportrelatedinSahih
MuslimthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)saidregardingtheonewhoaskedhimaboutthelawsofIslam, Byhisfather,heshall
succeedifheweretrue(towhatheprofessed). TheanswertosuchaclaimisthatitisaShadhnarration(notinlinewiththe
narrationofothertrustworthynarratorsintermsofwording,chainofnarrators,orboth)thatcontradictsHadithSahihandthusno
actionshouldbebasedonit.Besides,sucharulingisaShadhoneaccordingtoreligiousscholars,asthenarratorofitcontradictsthe
majorityoftrustworthynarrators.Rather,itislikelythatthewordinginvolvesdistortion,asisstatedbyIbnÀbdulBar(mayAllahbe
mercifulwithhim),andthatthecorrectwordingis"ByAllah,heshallsucceedifheweretrue(towhatheprofessed)."It,thus,could
bethatsomescribesornarratorsdistortedtheoriginalwordingorthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)saidthatbeforethe
proscriptionofswearingbyotherthanAllah(ExaltedbeHe)wasrevealed.Anyway,thisisaShadhsinglenarration,anditisnot
permissiblefortheonewhobelievesinAllahandintheDayofResurrectiontoholdbyitandcontradicttheHadithSahihthatclearly
indicatetheprohibitionofswearingbyotherthanAllahandthatitisaforbiddenactthatistantamounttoShirk.Moreover,AlNasa'y
relatedthroughanauthenticSanadfromSa`dibnAbuWaqqas(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thathesworebyAlLatandAlÙzza,
andthusheaskedtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)aboutthat.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)thenreplied: Say,"Lailahailla
Allahuwahdahulasharikalahulahulmulkuwalahulhamduwahuwaàlakullyshayinqadir(ThereisnodeitybutAllah,HeisOne
andthereisnoassociatewithHim,toHimbelongsallsovereigntyandpraiseandHeisoverallthingsomnipotent)",thenspitthree
timestoyourleft,seekrefugewithAllahfromSatan,anddonotdothatagain. Thisexpressionstressesthestrictprohibitionof
swearingbyotherthanAllah,indicatingthatitisanactofShirkandoneoftheincitementsofSatan.Thisexpressionalsoimpliesa
clearprohibitionofreturningtosuchanact.IaskAllahtograntusandyouunderstandingofreligion,anduprightnessofobjectiveand
action,tosafeguardusandtheMuslimsfromfollowingpersonalvaindesiresandtheincitementsofSatanforHeisAllHearing,Ever
Near(toallthings).Assalamuàlaykumwarahmatullahwabarakatuh(MayAllah'sPeace,Mercy,andBlessingsbeuponyou!)
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RulingonswearingbytheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
Aquestionersentusamessagethatreads:
SomepeopleareusedtoswearbytheProphet(peacebeuponhim)andthishasbecome
customaryforthem,yettheydonottakethatasabelief.Whatistherulingonthis?
A : SwearingbytheProphet(peacebeuponhim)oranyotherpartofcreationisagrave
Munkar(thatwhichisunacceptableordisapprovedofbyIslamiclawandMuslimsofsound
intellect)andaformofShirk(associatingotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship).Thus,it
isnotpermissibleforanyonetoswearbutbyAllahAlone.ItisreportedfromImamIbnÀbdulBar
(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)thatitisnotpermissibletoswearbyotherthanAllah.
Besides,authenticHaditharerelatedinwhichtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)forbadethis
anddeclaredittobeanactofShirk.OneoftheseHadithistheonerelatedintheTwoSahih
(authentic)BooksofHadith(i.e.AlBukhariandMuslim)fromtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
thathesaid: Verily!Allahforbidsyoutoswearbyyourfathers.Ifonehastotakeanoath,theyshouldswearbyAllahorelse
keepsilent.
Anotherwordingreads: ...theyshouldswearbyAllahorsaynothing.
Moreover,AbuDawudandAlTirmidhyrelatedthroughanauthenticSanad(chainof
narrators)fromtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)thathesaid: AnyonewhoswearsbyotherthanAllahhas
becomeaKafir(disbeliever)orMushrik(onewhoassociatesotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship). Itisalso
authenticallyreportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: AnyonewhoswearsbyAmanah(trust)
isnotoneofus. TherearenumerousHadithonthisissue,anditisobligatoryforallMuslimsnotto
swearbyotherthanAllah.Again,itisnotpermissibletoswearbyanycreature,nomatter
whoitmaybe,accordingtotheHadithmentionedaboveaswellasotherHadith.Hence,the
onewhoisusedtodososhouldbewarnedagainstthatandhisfamilymembers,companions
andacquaintancesshouldbewarnedagainstthataswell.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
said: Anyoneamongyouwhosees
(anactof)Munkarshouldchangeitwithhishandifhecouldnot(doit),heshoulddosowithhistongueandifhecouldnot,(even)
thenheshouldabhoritfromhisheart,andthatistheleast(form)ofIman(Faith). (RelatedbyMusliminhisSahihBookofHadith)
Furthermore,swearingbyotherthanAllahisaformofminorShirk(associatingotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship),basedon
theabovequotedHadith.Itcouldevenbeaformofmajorshirkiftheonetakingoathhasitinhisheartthattheonebywhomhe
swearsdeservesglorificationjustasAllahdeservesitorthathecouldbeworshippedalongwithAllah,oranyothersimilar
disbelievingobjectives.WeaskAllahtoendowalltheMuslimswithprotectionagainstthatandtograntthemunderstandingofHis
ReligionandsafetyfromallthingsthatcouldbringaboutHisWrathindeedHeisAllHearing,EverNear.
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WorriesandDoubtsAfflictingFaith
PraisebetoAllah,andmaypeaceandblessingsbeuponHisMessengerafterwhomthereisnoprophet.
Initssecondedition,AlRayamagazinepublishedamessagebytheIslamicCenterinGeneva,includingmany
inquiriesstartingwithfaithasmanypeoplearesufferingfromdoubtsandworries.Isittrue?Areplycame
frombrotherDr.SaìdRamadan,whosaidafterpraisingAllah:"ItiswellknownthatAllah(Glorifiedand
ExaltedbeHe)directedallhumankindinherentlytobelieveinHimasLord,GodandControlleroftheir
affairstobefeared,beseechedforhelp,andbecomeendearedtothroughvariousactsofworship.Hesaid:
Sosetyou(OMuhammad)yourfacetowardsthereligion(ofpureIslmicMonotheism)Hanf(worshipnonebut
AllhAlone).AllhsFitrah(i.e.AllhsIslmicMonotheism)withwhichHehascreatedmankind. InanauthenticHadith,the
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)isreportedtohavesaid: Allahstates:Ihavecreatedmyservantsnaturallyinclinedtothe
Truth,butdevilsdeceivedthem,ledthemastrayfromtheirfaith,andcommandedthemtoassociatepartnerswithMeforwhichIsent
downnoevidence. TruefaithistobelieveinAllah,Hisangels,HisBooks,Hismessengers,theLastDayand
divinedecreeinprosperityandadversity.ThiswastheProphet'sreplytoJibril's(Gabriel)questionabout
Iman(Faith/belief),whichconsistsofmorethanseventybranches(i.e.parts),thehighestofwhichis
testifyingthatthereisnodeitybutAllahandthelowestrankisremovingharmfulobjectsfromtheroad.
Imanalsoincreasesthroughobedienceanddecreasesduetodisobedience,asclearlypointedoutinAyahs
(Qur'anicverses),propheticHadithandthewayfollowedbytheSalaf(righteouspredecessors).Afterthis
introductionanddefinitionofImanwesaythatitissubjecttoworriesanddoubtsformanyreasons:
1IgnoranceaboutprerequisitesandevidenceofIman.
2Failuretoapplywhatyouknow,andthisgraduallyleadstoweaknessofIman,untilittotallyvanishesand
isreplacedwithdoubts.ThisfactissupportedbyactualoccurrencesaswellasIslamictexts.
3BeinginanenvironmentdevoidofIman,whichfeedssuspicionanddoubt,thusleadingtowaveringfaith
andweaknessinthefaceoftemptationanddeviantimpulsesespeciallyifoneisoflittleknowledgeand
doesnothavegoodcompanionswhocanhelpremainsteadfast.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)stated:
Hastentoperform(good)deedsbeforetrialswhichareasdarkasnight,whereonecanbeabelieverinthemorningandadisbeliever
atnight,orabelieveratnightandadisbelieverinthemorning,whobartersfaithfortheperishablegoodsofthislife.
ThisHadithindicatesthathasteningtoperformrighteousdeedsisawayofkeepingone'sfaithsteadfastthe
absenceofwhichisafactorofcastingdoubtsandbeingafflictedwithtrials.Thesetrailsincludelower
desires,doubtsandwar.Mostdangerousofallissuccumbingtoone'slowerdesires,whichweaksoulsare
mostinclinedto.Abelievermaybetrickedandgraduallysinkintoimmoralactsleadingtothelossoffaith.
Thewaytosalvationandsafetyistodistanceoneselffromthewaysthatleadtosuchtemptations,tobeon
guardasmuchaspossible,andtodiligentlyaskAllahforsteadfastnessinfaith.Onemustalsorecitethe
Qur'anandmeditateonitsAyahswhichguideustoAllahandcontainrationalevidenceandtheoretical
proofsoftheexistenceandonenessofAllah,Hissovereignty,Hisworthofbeingglorified,HisShariàh
worthofbeingfollowed,andHislimitsthatshouldnotbetransgressed.OnceImanisdeeprootedhearts
cantasteitsbeauty,becomeenlightenedbyevidence,anditbecomesdifficulttobeuprootedorreplaced
withanyalternative.Hiraql(Caesar)EmperoroftheRomansaskedAbuSufyan,aboutthecalloftheProphet(peace
beuponhim),"DoanyofMuhammad'sCompanionsapostatizeafterembracingIslamthenbeing
unconvinced
ofIslam?AbuSufyanansweredinthenegative.TheCaesarthensaid,"Thisiswhathappenswhenthelightof
faithtoucheshearts."RealityatteststothestatementoftheCaesar.ThisiswhytheProphet(peacebeupon
him)didnotdenythisstatement.Asforthepracticalapplicationofthis,IbnAlQayyiminhispoem,Al
Nuniyyah,mentionedthatheexperiencedsomeunrestanddoubtbecauseofhisexaminationofthebooksof
ÌlmulKalam(adisciplinethatsearchesforanswerstocreedalissuesusinglogic)andtheirdoubtfulmatters
tillhemetShaykhulIslamIbnTaymiyyahwhoguidedhimtotheAyahsandHadithleadingtoknowingAllah,
Hisgloriousperfection,HisNamesandHiscompletesovereignty.Thispromptedhimtorectifyhisfaithand
putanendtoallhisdoubts.MaypeaceandblessingsbeuponourProphetMuhammad,hisfamilyand
Companions.
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AGeneralReminderontheDayofSalatulIstisqa'
PraisebetoAllah,Alone,andpeaceandblessingsbeuponHisMessenger,hisfamily,andhis
Companions!
MuslimsintheKingdomofSaudiArabiawillofferSalatulIstisqa'(Prayerforrain)onMonday27
Shawwal1386A.H.,soIdecidedtodrawtheattentionofmyfellowMuslimbrotherstosome
matterswhicheveryMuslimshouldconsider.Muslimsshouldbringthemselvestoaccount,
striveagainsttheirsoulstoachieveprosperityandsalvation,dowhatpleasesAllah,and
protectthemselvesfromanythingthatisharmfultotheirlivesandtheHereafter.Allah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Oyouwhobelieve!FearAllhandkeepyourdutytoHim.Andleteverypersonlook
towhathehassentforthforthemorrow,andfearAllh.Verily,AllhisAllAwareofwhatyoudo. Andbenotlikethosewhoforgot
Allh(i.e.becamedisobedienttoAllh),andHecausedthemtoforgettheirownselves,(letthemtoforgettodorighteousdeeds).
ThosearetheFsiqn(rebellious,disobedienttoAllh). InthisNobleAyah(Qur'anicverse),Allahordersthe
believerstofearHimandconsiderthedeedstheyhavebroughtforthfortheDayof
ResurrectioninordertoholdfasttowhatbenefitsthemandpleasesAllah(ExaltedbeHe),
andtobewareofdeedswhichincurAllah'swrath.Thisisthegreatbenefitofcontemplating
thedeedswhichonehassentforthfortheDayofResurrection.Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)has
clarifiedthatHeiswellacquaintedwiththedeedsofHisservantsasnosecretishiddenfrom
HimthatwemustfearHimandreformourinnerandouterdeeds.Herepeatedlyordersthem
tohaveTaqwa(fearingAllahasHeshouldbefeared)asitistheonlymeanstohappinessand
wellbeing.
TaqwaistoobeyAllahandHisMessengerandtorefrainfromwhateverAllahandHis
MessengerprohibitedoutofdevotionandsincerebeliefinHim,HisMessenger,andthe
messageofAllahwhichHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)conveyedinordertoobtainthe
rewardofAllahandavoidfromHispunishment.IntheirexplanationofthemeaningofTaqwa,
someoftheSalaf(righteouspredecessors)said,"TaqwaisthatyouactinobediencetoAllah,
andhopeinHisMercy,uponalightfromHimandtoleavetheactsofdisobediencetoAllah
outoffearofHim,uponalightfromHim."
ThegreatCompanionandscholar,ÀbdullahibnMasùd(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)explained
themeaningofTaqwasaying:"TherealmeaningofTaqwaisforAllahistobeobeyed,and
notdisobeyedrememberedatalltimes,andnotforgottenandtobethankedandnottobe
ungratefultowards."
InthepreviousAyah,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)warnsHisservantsagainst
forgettingandturningawayfromHimsoHeaccordinglyforgotsthem.Theyturnedawayfrom
themeansoftheirsalvationandhappinessinthislifeandtheHereafter.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)
says: AndbenotlikethosewhoforgotAllh(i.e.becamedisobedienttoAllh),andHecausedthemtoforgettheirownselves,(let
themtoforgettodorighteousdeeds). AllahdescribedthosewhoturnedawayanddisobeyedHimas
disobedientwhofollowtheirwhimsandthepromptingsofSatan.
EveryMuslimmustfearAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)andfollowHiscommands.They
shouldnotfollowtheirwhimsandtheinsinuationsofSatan.Theymustavoidtheimitationof
theenemiesofAllahandHisMessengerwhoturnawayfromrememberingandobeyingAllah
inordertobesafeinthislifeandtheHereafter.
Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)informsusinmanyversesinHisNobleBookthatalltheafflictionsthat
befallussuchas:hardheartedness,drought,lossofwealth,livesandcrops
dominationbytheenemy,andallotherafflictionsareduetothesinswhichwecommit.Allah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Andwhateverofmisfortunebefallsyou,itisbecauseofwhatyourhandshave
earned.AndHepardonsmuch.(SeetheQurnVerse35:45). , Whateverofgoodreachesyou,isfromAllh,butwhateverofevil
befallsyou,isfromyourself. , Evil(sinsanddisobediencetoAllh)hasappearedonlandandseabecauseofwhatthehandsofmen
haveearned(byoppressionandevildeeds),thatHe(Allh)maymakethemtasteapartofthatwhichtheyhavedone,inorderthat
theymayreturn(byrepentingtoAllh,andbeggingHisPardon). and AndindeedWepunishedthepeopleofFiraun(Pharaoh)
Allah(GlorifiedandExalted
withyearsofdroughtandshortnessoffruits(crops),thattheymightremember(takeheed).
beHe)statesafterreferringtothetyrannicalnationsandtheirpunishment, SoWepunishedeach
(ofthem)forhissinsofthemweresomeonwhomWesentHsib(aviolentwindwithshowerofstones)[asonthepeopleofLt
(Lot)],andofthemweresomewhowereovertakenbyAsSaihah[tormentawfulcry.(asThamdorShuaibspeople)],andof
themweresomewhomWecausedtheearthtoswallow[asQrn(Korah)],andofthemweresomewhomWedrowned[asthe
peopleofNh(Noah),orFiraun(Pharaoh)andhispeople].ItwasnotAllhWhowrongedthem,buttheywrongedthemselves. He www.ircpk.com
informsusaboutthePeopleofNuhwhodisobeyedtheirMessengerNuh(Noah,peacebe
uponhim), Becauseoftheirsinstheyweredrowned,thenweremadetoentertheFire.Andtheyfoundnonetohelpthem
insteadofAllh. i.e.,theydrownedandintheHereaftertheywillenterHellfirebecauseoftheir
sins.WeseekrefugeinAllahfromtheirstate!
TheseNobleAyahsaswellastheotherAyahsandHadithtothesameeffectindicatethatall
thetrialsandtribulationthatservantssufferfrom,andwhichonlyAllahknows,aretheresult
oftheirmistakesandsins,andthedeedswhichcontradicttheTruth.
Allahremindsussothatwewillreceiveadmonition,andthusrepenttoAllahandobeyHim
andrefrainfromwhateverHehasprohibited.ThisiswhyAllahstatesinthepreviousAyah:
thatHe(Allh)maymakethemtasteapartofthatwhichtheyhavedone,inorderthattheymayreturn(byrepentingtoAllh,and
beggingHisPardon). i.e.Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)willpunishhisservantsforsomeoftheirsinsso
theymayreturntoAllahandrepentfromtheirsins.IfAllahweretopunishpeoplefortheir
sins,theywouldallbedestroyed.Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)says: AndifAllhweretopunishmenforthat
whichtheyearned,Hewouldnotleaveamoving(living)creatureonthesurfaceoftheearth Allahsays, AndindeedWe
punishedthepeopleofFiraun(Pharaoh)withyearsofdroughtandshortnessoffruits(crops),thattheymightremember(takeheed).
AllahpunishedthepeopleofFiraunwithdroughtandthescarcityofcropssotheywould
remembertheirbaddeeds,repenttoAllah,obeyHimandbecomesteadfasttotheCommands
ofAllah.Thus,Hewouldreformtheirconditions,filltheirheartswithTawqa,sendrainand
bestowblessingsuponthem.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: Andifthepeopleofthetownshadbelievedandhad
theTaqw(piety),certainly,Weshouldhaveopenedforthemblessingsfromtheheavenandtheearth , Andifonlytheyhadacted
accordingtotheTaurt(Torah),theInjeel(Gospel),andwhathas(now)beensentdowntothemfromtheirLord(theQurn),they
wouldsurelyhavegottenprovisionfromabovethemandfromunderneaththeirfeet. and Oyouwhobelieve!Keepyourdutyto
AllhandfearHim,andspeak(always)thetruth. Hewilldirectyoutodorighteousgooddeedsandwillforgiveyouyoursins.
Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)says: AndwhosoeverfearsAllhandkeepshisdutytoHim,Hewillmakeawayforhimtogetout
(fromeverydifficulty). AndHewillprovidehimfrom(sources)henevercouldimagine. , andwhosoeverfearsAllhandkeepshis
dutytoHim,Hewillmakehismattereasyforhim. , Verily,Wesent(Messengers)tomanynationsbeforeyou(OMuhammad
).AndWeseizedthemwithextremepoverty(orlossinwealth)andlossinhealth(withcalamities)sothattheymight
humblethemselves(believewithhumility). WhenOurTormentreachedthem,whythendidtheynothumblethemselves(believe
withhumility)?Buttheirheartsbecamehardened,andShaitn(Satan)madefairseemingtothemthatwhichtheyusedtodo. and
Ifthey(nonMuslims)hadbelievedinAllh,andwentontheRightWay(i.e.Islm)Wewouldsurelyhavebestowedonthemwater
(rain)inabundance. ThatWemighttrythemthereby.AndwhosoeverturnsawayfromtheReminderofhisLord(i.e.thisQurn,
andpractisenotitslawsandorders),Hewillcausehimtoenterinaseveretorment(i.e.Hell). IntheseNobleAyahs,
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)saysthatifservantsbelieveinHim,obeyHisCommands,
fearHimasHeshouldbefeared,andsupplicatetoHimsincerelyintimesofordealsand
afflictions,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)willbestowuponthemwhatevertheyask,
protectthemaganistwhatevertheyfear,forgivetheirsins,removetheirhardships,andsend
downrainandblessingstothem.
OMuslims!FearAllahandhastentoseekHispleasure.Youmuststriveagainstyourlower
selvesforthesakeofAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)andforceyourselvestosincerely
repentofallyoursins.Fightagainstyourwhims,Satan,andtheevilofyoursouls.Prepare
yourselffortheHereafterandsupplicatetoAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)oftenandseek
Hisforgiveness.Thus,Hewillsetrightyouraffairs,facilitateyourmatters,sufficeyououtof
Hisbounty,eliminateyouradversities,saveyoufromtheplotsofyourenemies,andprotect
youfrompunishmentinthislifeandintheHereafter.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says:
AsforthosewhostrivehardinUs(OurCause),WewillsurelyguidethemtoOurPaths(i.e.AllhsreligionIslmicMonotheism).
Andverily,AllhiswiththeMuhsinn(gooddoers)." , Allhhaspromisedthoseamongyouwhobelieveanddorighteousgood
deeds,thatHewillcertainlygrantthemsuccessionto(thepresentrulers)intheland,asHegrantedittothosebeforethem,andthat
HewillgrantthemtheauthoritytopractisetheirreligionwhichHehaschosenforthem(i.e.Islm).AndHewillsurelygivethemin
exchangeasafesecurityaftertheirfear(provided)they(believers)worshipMeanddonotassociateanything(inworship)withMe.
, ButifyouremainpatientandbecomeAlMuttaqn[thepiousSeeV.2:2],nottheleastharmwilltheircunningdotoyou.Surely,
Allhsurroundsallthattheydo. and Verily,fortheMuttaqn(thepiousSeeV.2:2)areGardensofdelight(Paradise)withtheir
Lord.
Havingmercyonthepoorandtheneedyandshowingkindnesstothemisoneofthegood
deedswhichweshoulddonowadaysandatalltimes.Sadaqah(charity)isoneofthebest
deedsthatrepelsevilandbringsmercy.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: anddogood.
Truly,AllhlovesAlMuhsinn(thegooddoers). , Surely,AllhsMercyis(ever)nearuntothegooddoers. , butifyouremititby
wayofcharity,thatisbetterforyouifyoudidbutknow. and BelieveinAllhandHisMessenger(Muhammad),
andspendofthatwhereofHehasmadeyoutrustees.Andsuchofyouasbelieveandspend(inAllhsWay),theirswillbeagreat
reward. ItwasauthenticallyreportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)stated,
"SadaqahandQiyamulLayl(standingforoptionalPrayeratnight)
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extinguish(thefireofsin)justaswaterextinguishesafire." TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)thenrecitedthefollowingAyah:
Theirsidesforsaketheirbeds,toinvoketheirLordinfearandhope,andtheyspend(incharityinAllhsCause)outofwhatWehave
bestowedonthem. Nopersonknowswhatiskepthiddenforthemofjoyasarewardforwhattheyusedtodo. He(peacebeupon
him)said: "TheMercifulshowsmercytothosewhoshowmercy.ShowmercytothoseonEarthandtheOneWhoisinHeavenwill
showmercytoyou." and "Anyonewhodoesnotshowmercy,willnotbeshownmercy."
IaskAllahtosetrighttheaffairsofallMuslims,filltheirheartswithTaqwa,andguidetheirrulers.MayAllahbestowonussincere
Tawbah(repentancetoAllah)ofalloursinsandtohelpusfollowHisShariàh(Islamiclaw).IaskHimtoprotectallMuslimsfromthe
plotsoftheirenemies.HeisAbletodoallthingsandpeaceandblessingsbeuponHisservantandMessengerMuhammad,hisfamily,
andCompanions!
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Refutingandcriticizingwhathasbeenpublishedin"AlMusawwir"magazine
PraisebetoAllah.PeaceandblessingsbeupontheMessengerofAllah,hisfamily,Companions,and
whoeverfollowshisguidance.
" A lMusawwir"magazinehaspublishedinitsissueNo.2166onFridayApril15,1966A.D./1385A.H.,page
15underthetitle:
TheimportedprinciplesbyAhmadBaha'AlDin
NewsfromSaudiArabiadeclaresthatthevicepresidentoftheIslamicUniversitytherepublished
anarticletwomonthsagoinallnewspapersinwhichhedeemedlawfultokillanyonewho
saysthattheearthisroundorthattheearthcirculatesaroundtheSunandnottheopposite.
Toannouncesuchanopinionin1966,seemsbizarre,especiallyintheageofspace.Theholder
ofthatopinionhasonlyonemeritcountedforhimthatthisopinionseemstobereasonablein
lightofthethoughtsandopinionsspreadingintheKingdomofSaudiArabianowadays.Therulersofthe
KingdomofSaudiArabiahavenothingtoworryaboutbuttheimportedideologiesandideas.They
onlycallforIslamicAllianceontheclaimofguardingMuslimsagainstthedangerofthe
extrinsicideas,while,forsure,theyintendSocialism.Theydonotbotherthemselvestostudy
theconceptofSocialismorSocialEquityrather,theyadamantlyrefuseitonthegroundsof
beingimported...andsoon.(Endquote.)
Inreplytothis,Isaythatthisisagreatlieforthearticlereferredtobytheauthorwas
publishedandreadbyallinalllocalnewspaperinRamadan1385A.H.andtherewereno
mentionoftheearth'sroundnessorthatitislawfultokillwhoeverholdsthis.ThequotationI
citedfromthespeechofthegreatscholarIbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbemercifultohim)includes
proofthattheearthisround.Thus,howonearthcouldAhmadBaha'AlDinorthosewhohave
transmittedthisnewstohimpropagatesuchfalsehoodandattributeittoanarticlethatwas
publishedandreadbypeopleeverywhere,mayAllahbeGlorified.Iwonderhowbrazenfaced
isthatslanderer!However,thereisnowonderthatsuchalieisbeingwovenbyanadvocate
ofapostasyanddestructiveideologies.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Itisonlythose
whobelievenotintheAyt(proofs,evidence,verses,lessons,signs,revelations,etc.)ofAllh,whofabricatefalsehood,anditisthey
whoareliars. ItisalsoauthenticallyreportedthattheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)
said: Threearethesignsofahypocrite:whentheyspeaktheytelllies,whentheypromisetheydonotfulfill,andwhentheyare
entrustedtheybetray IonlydeemeditlawfultokillwhoeverclaimsthattheSunisstaticand
refusestorepentofthisafterclarification.ThisisbecausedenyingthecirculationoftheSun
includesdisavowaltoAllah(GlorifiedbeHe),HisGreatBook,andHisHonorableMessenger.It
iswellestablishedintheDin(religionofIslam)bywayofdecisiveevidenceandIjma`
(consensus)ofscholarsthatwhoeverrefutesAllah,HisMessengerorHisBookisKafir
(disbeliever)andtheirbloodandwealthbecomeviolable,exceptiftheyrepent(ofthis),
otherwisetheymustbekilled.ThankstoAllahthatthisissueisnotdebatableamong
scholars.
Asregardstheauthor'ssaying:"Toannouncesuchanopinionin1966,seemsbizarre,
especiallyintheageofspace...andsoon."Isaythatundoubtedly,spreadingAlHaqq(Truth)
inthisageandcallingpeopletoithasbecomebizarreatatimewhenIslamissufferingfrom
desolation
callerstotruthareafewwhiletemptersoffalsehoodaresomany.Thisgoesinlinewithwhat
ourMessengerMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)toldusintheSahih(authentic)Hadith: Islam
beganassomethingstrangeandwillbebackstrangeasitbegansogivegladtidingstothestrangers. Inanother
narration: Itwassaid:"OMessengerofAllah!Whoarethestrangers?Hereplied:Thosewhoperformrighteousdeedswhen
othersmakemischief. Inathirdnarration,healsosaid: ThosewhomendwhatothershaveruinedofmySunnah.
Accordingly,thishonorableHadithmakesitcleartomenofunderstandingthatcallingtoAl
Haqq(theTruth)andrefutingfalsehoodwovenbypeoplewhenIslamisstrangeisthecoreof
"reform"whichtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)encouragedandpraisedthosewho
undertakeit.ItisalsoapparentinthisgreatHadiththatpeopleofHaqqmustexertgreat
effortthereintoclarifytherulingsofIslam,calltoit,spreadvirtue,andprohibitvice.They
shouldsetthemselvesarighttobeofthosewhoabidebyrighteousnesswhenpeopleare
depravedandfixthemwhentheyareperverted.Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)istheOneWhogrants
success.
Asforthecriticismtheauthormadeofthosewhoopposetheimportedideologiesandideas www.ircpk.com
andhisaccusationoftherulersoftheKingdomofSaudiArabiaoffightingtheseimportedideologies
andideassuchasSocialism.HealsoclaimedthattheyonlycallforIslamicAlliancesunderthe
pretenseofprotectingMuslimsfromthedangeroftheseimportedideasandsoon.In
responsetothis,Isay:Theseimportedideologiesandideasincludethetruthandfalsehoodat
thesametime.ItisnotpermissibleforMuslimstoacceptthemblindlyortotallyrejectthem.
Rather,thismattershouldbeelaboratedsothatwhatbenefitsMuslimsandcomplieswith
Allah'sShariàh(Islamiclaw)shouldbeacceptedandutilized.IslamisthePerfectDinofAllah
thatcallstowhatisgoodandupright.Ontheotherhand,itprohibitswhateverharmsMuslims
andspoilstheircommunity.Also,thisDinhasordaineditsfollowerstoabidebythatwhich
benefitsthem,seekAllah'sHelpinthat,prepareagainsttheirenemiesallthepowertheycan,
bewareofthem,
andcooperateinrighteousnessandTaqwa(fearingAllahasHeshouldbefeared).Theymust
holdfasttogethertotheRopeofAllah(i.e.thisQur'an)andnotbedividedamongthemselves.
Alongwiththis,Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)haswarnedthemagainstfollowingtheevildesiresof
theirenemiesclarifyingthatsuchenemiescanavailthemnothingagainstHim.Itisan
eminenttruththatthewholesomeconceptsandideologieshavebeenoriginallybroughtforth
byIslam,theyarenotimportedfromthemrather,itisIslamthathasprecedenceoverthem
inthat,evenifthisisnotknowntoitsfollowers.Theenemiessimplygettheseideologiesthat
areconsistentwiththeShariàh,spreadthemamongpeopleandgivethemafalseimpression
thattheyaretheiroriginatorsandcallers.However,thefactisthatIslamhastheupperhand
overthemsinceithasguidedthem(i.e.,theenemiesofIslam)totheoriginsandfruitsof
that.Nevertheless,theyattributedthemtothemselvesanddeniedascribingtherighttothe
legalownersoutofignoranceorgrudge.WhentheSaudigovernmentcombatsSocialismorother
destructiveideologies,itdoesnotdosobecausetheyareimportedbutbecausetheyare
atheistsystemsthatdisagreewiththeShariàh,rejecttheDivineCodes,opposeAllah
(GlorifiedbeHe),anddenyHisExistence.Asidefromthis,itprohibitswhatHehasenjoinedas
lawfulandpermitswhatHehasprescribedasforbidden.Evenifsomeofthoseideologists
coverthemselvesforcertainreasons,thematterisstillclearintheirbookswhichrevealtheir
call,throughtheirleader(Marx),theatheistJewwhodeclareditopenlyandinvitedtoit,but
thefactisthatheisjustasAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Verily,itisnottheeyesthatgrow
blind,butitistheheartswhichareinthebreaststhatgrowblind. TheSaudigovernmenthasimportedmany
otherusefulthingsanddoesnotfightthemwhenfindingthemuseful.Regardingthewriter's
claimthattherulersofSaudiArabiaonlycalledforIslamicAllianceunderthepretenseoffending
offthedangeroftheimportedideas,itcanberefutedbyclarifyingthattheyhavenotcalled
foranIslamicAlliance,rather,Islamicsolidarity,
cooperation,andsupportwhichAllahandHisMessengerordainedustopledge.Again,Allah
hascommandedMuslimstoabidebyAllah'sRopeandbenotscatteredandtohelpone
anotherinvirtuousnessandTaqwaandstandtogetherasasolidstructureagainsttheir
enemies.TheyshouldalsofightanyideaorconvictionthatcontradictswiththeirDin.This,
however,cannotbedeemedasanalliance,itissomethingmoresupreme,foritisasanctified
dutyandaforeordainedobligationonallMuslimKings,leaders,andscholars.Theymustabide
byAllah'sDin,protectandcalltoit,andbejoinedtogetherinconfrontingtheirenemiesand
thwartingtheirplotsandconspiraciesinaccordancetoAllah'sSaying(GlorifiedandExalted
beHe): You[truebelieversinIslmicMonotheism,andrealfollowersofProphetMuhammad)andhis
Sunnah]arethebestofpeopleseverraisedupformankindyouenjoinAlMarf(i.e.IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmhas
ordained)andforbidAlMunkar(polytheism,disbeliefandallthatIslmhasforbidden),andyoubelieveinAllh. Allah
(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: Truly!This,yourUmmah[Shariahorreligion(IslmicMonotheism)]isonereligion,andIam
yourLord,thereforeworshipMe(Alone).[TafsrIbnKathr] InadditiontoHisSaying(GlorifiedandExaltedbe
He): Andholdfast,allofyoutogether,totheRopeofAllh(i.e.thisQurn),andbenotdividedamongyourselves The
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)alsosaid: Allahispleasedwiththreethingsyoudo:thatyouworshipHimandassociate
notanythingwithHim,thatyouholdfasttotheropeofAllah,andbenotscattered,andthatyougiveadvicetotheonetowhomAllah
givescommandoveryou RelatedbyImamMalikin"AlMuwwatta'"andImamAhmadinhisMusnadwitha
Sahih(authentic)Isnad(chainofnarrators).ItwasalsorelatedbyImamMusliminhisSahihbook
ofHadithwithouttheProphet'ssaying(peacebeuponhim)": andthatyougiveadvicetotheonetowhom
Allahgivescommandoveryou .
He(peacebeuponhim)alsosaid: AMu'min(believer)toanotherMu'minislikeabuilding,partsofwhichsupportother
parts."Andhe(peacebeuponhim)intertwinedhisfingers AgreeduponbyAlBukhariandMuslim.Thereisalso
hissaying(peacebeuponhim): ThelikenessofMu'minin(believers)intheirmutuallove,mercy,andcompassionisthat
ofonebody:whenanypartcomplains(beinpain),thewholebodyrespondstoitwithwakefulnessandfever
AgreeduponbyAlBukhariandMuslim.TherearemanyAyahsandHadithmentionedtothateffect.
Whenhismajesty,KingFaysalthesovereignoftheKingdomofSaudiArabiamayAllahgranthimsuccesscalledfortheIslamic
solidarityandtheunificationofMuslimstogetherinthefaceofthependingdangers,hehasfulfilledagreatdutyandarespectable
praiseworthypursuit.AllMuslimleaders,scholars,andpersonsofdistinctionshouldsupporthiminthatandjointheireffortswithhim
tomaketheWordofAllahprevalent,grantvictorytoHisDin,ruleaccordingtoHisShariàhbesidespurifyingtheÀqidah(creed)of www.ircpk.com
peoplefromdestructiveideologies,deviantideas,andfalseconventions.Allofthemmustsetuptheireffortsandrendertheirforces
readytothisimminentdanger.Theyoughttobefullyequipped,haveasignificantpolitical,economicandindustrialweightamongthe
internationalcommunity,aswellasmasteringtheelementsthatempowerthemandenablethemtowithstandthedangerinkeeping
withtheinstructionsoftheirDinandtheguidanceoftheQur'an.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Oyouwhobelieve!Take
yourprecautions He(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: Andmakereadyagainstthemallyoucanofpower Theprophet(peacebeupon
him)said: Verily,strengthisinarchery.Verily,strengthisinarchery He(peacebeuponhim)alsosaid: AstrongMu'minisbetter
andismorebelovedtoAllahthanaweakMu'min,yet,botharegood.Persistindoingthatwhichbenefitsyou,seektheSupportof
Allahanddonotfeelhelpless... RelatedbyMusliminhisSahih.
IaskAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)tograntall
Muslimkings,presidents,leaders,scholars,andotherssuccessinleadingthisUmmah(nationofcreed)toright,safety,andhappiness
inthisworldlylifeandintheHereafter.IalsoimploreHimtogatherthemtoguidance,givethemagoodunderstandingofHisDin,and
fortifyeveryoneagainsttheevilsoftheirsouls,theirmisdeedsandtheplotsoftheirenemies.HeisAllAbletodoanything.Maypeace
beuponAllah'sServantandMessenger,ourProphetMuhammad,hisfamily,andCompanions!
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Rulingonthedeceasedchildrenofthedisbelievers
Q:AquestionerfromRiyadhasks:
Whatistherulingonachildwho,beingborntotwodisbelievingparents,diesbeforereaching
theageofTaklif(meetingtheconditionstobeheldlegallyaccountableforactions)?Isthe
childaMuslimintheSightofAllah,knowingthattheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)
said: EverychildisbornonAlFitrah(truefaithofIslamtoworshipnonebutAllah) ?
Ifhe/sheisaMuslim,areMuslimsentitledtowashhis/herdeadbodyandperformtheFuneral
Prayerinbehalfofhim/her?Pleaseenlightenus.MayAllahrewardyou!
A:
IfachildoftwodisbelievingparentsdiesbeforereachingtheageofTaklif,he/sheassumestherulings
appliedtothemintheworldlylife,andinturnthecorpseisnotwashed.Moreover,he/sheisneitherentitled
toreceiveaFuneralPrayernortobeburiedintheMuslims'graveyards.Yet,intheHereafter,his/heraffair
lieswithAllah(GlorifiedbeHe).ItwasauthenticallyreportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)when
askedaboutthechildrenoftheMushriks(thosewhoassociateotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship)
said: Allahknowswhatsortofdeedstheywouldhavedone. SomereligiousscholarsviewedthattheKnowledgeof
Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)aboutthemismanifestedontheDayofResurrection,andthattheywillbetestedin
thewayofAhlulFatrah(thosetowhomDa`wahhasnotreachedinanuncorruptedmanner).Thus,ifthey
obedientlysubmittowhattheyareasked,theywillenterParadisebutiftheydisobey,theywillenterthe
Fire.HadithfromtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)abouttestingAhlulFatrahontheDayofResurrection
wereprovenauthentic.Thisalsoappliestothosewhoreceivethesamereligiousruling,suchasthechildren
ofthedisbelievers.
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: AndWeneverpunishuntilWehavesentaMessenger(togivewarning). Thisis

themostcorrectopinionregardingAhlulFatrahandthoselikethemtowhomDa`wah(callingtoIslam)has
notreachedinanuncorruptedmanner.ThisopinionwasalsomaintainedbyShaykhulIslamIbnTaymiyyah,
hisstudentIbnAlQayyim,andagroupoftheSalaf(righteouspredecessors)andtheKhalaf(thefollowing
generations),mayAllahbemercifulwiththemall.ScholarIbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)
extensivelyelaboratedonthereligiousrulingregardingthechildrenofthedisbelieversandAhlulFatrahat
thecloseofhisbook,TariqulHijratayn[ThePathoftheTwoHijrahs],underthetitle,TabaqatAlMukallafin
[LevelsoftheMukallafs].
www.ircpk.com

RulingonmockingattheQur'ananditsfollowers
PraisebetoAllah.MayAllah'sPeaceandBlessingsbeupontheMessengerofAllahanduponhisfamilyand
hiscompanions!
Toproceed:IhavereviewedwhathasbeenpublishedinAdDa'waMagazineinitsissuereleasedon
Monday,27/1/1397A.H.,underthetitle:(AlocalnewspapermocksattheQur'ananditsfollowers).This
articleincludesthefollowing:Theabovementionednewspaper,initsissuereleasedin7/4/1397A.H.,
publishedanarticlethatmocksattheQur'ananditsfollowers,stating:
(Andmenbelievethatawomanisadifferentcreature.Accordingtothem,sheisimperfectinmindand
religion.Theyalsobelievethatmenareinchargeofwomen).EndofthestatementofAdDa'waMagazine.
Iwasastonishedatthisheinousarticleandwasverysurprisedatpublishingsuchastatementinthecradleof
IslamandinthehearingandsightofaMuslimcountrymakingtheIslamicLawitsjudgeandcallingforit.I
wasveryamazedattheboldnessofthoseinchargeofthisnewspaperbecauseoftheirpublishingofthis
article,whichcontainsabsolutedisbelief,misguidance,mockeryoftheBookofAllahandtheSunnahofHis
Messenger(peaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponhim)andchallengingthem.However,thisisnotanewly
introducedthingfromthoseinchargeofthisnewspaper,sinceitisknownforitspublishingofarticlescalling
toimmoralityandatheismthatcausegreatharmtothesociety.Itisalso
knownforitsgrudgeagainstMuslimscholars,insultingthemandtellingliesaboutthem,becausethose,in
chargeofthisnewspaper,havenobeliefinAllahtorestrainthemandnoofficialpreventsthemfromdoing
this.Therefore,itdaredtocommitthisdisbeliefandmisguidanceinthisarticle,whichcannotbewrittenor
publishedbywhoeverbelievesinAllahandtheLastDayandcannotbewrittenorpublishedbywhoever
respectstheBookofAllahandtheSunnahofHisProphet(peaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponhim).
Formoreconfirmationandinformationaboutthearticleandthewriter,Iaskedfortheabovementioned
newspaperinwhichthearticlewaspublishedanditwasbroughttome.IfoundthereinwhatAdDa'wa
Magazinecitedinwordingattributedtoawomanwhonamedherself(Amal,thedaughterofsoandso).The
newspaperdidnotpublishanythingtorefuteordenythisarticle.Thus,itbecomesclearthatitispleased
withitandagreeswithit.ItisawellknownfactthattheonewhomakesmenguardiansofwomenisAllah
[ExaltedandSublimeBeHe]inHissayinginSurahAnNisa': Menaretheprotectorsandmaintainersofwomen,
becauseAllhhasmadeoneofthemtoexceltheother,andbecausetheyspend(tosupportthem)fromtheirmeans. Challenging
men'strusteeshipofwomenisanobjectiontoAllah(GlorifiedbeHe)andchallengingHisHolyBookandHis
wiselegislation.Thisismajordisbelief,accordingtotheunanimousopinionoftheMuslimscholarsashas
beenstatedbymorethanonescholarsuchasAlQadiÌyadinhisbookentitled:(AshShifa').Furthermore,
theonewhodescribeswomenasbeingdeficientintheirmindandreligionistheProphet(peaceand
blessingsofAllahbeuponhim)andhe(peaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponhim)explainedthatthe
deficiencyofhermindisthatthetestimonyoftwowomenisequaltothetestimonyofonemanandthe
deficiencyinreligionisthatshestaysforanumberofnightsanddayswithoutSalah(prayers)orSawm
(fasting)duringRamadanduetomenses.However,thereisnosinonherduetothisdeficiency.
ItisundoubtedlyanaturalandlogicdeficiencyandthereshouldbenoobjectiontotheMessenger(peace
andblessingsofAllahbeuponhim),becauseheisthemosttruthfulpersoninwhathesaysandthemost
knowledgeableofAllah'slegislationandthecircumstancesofHisslaves.
Thus,whoeverchallengeshim(peaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponhim)alsochallengeshisProphethood
andmessageandobjectstoAllah(GlorifiedbeHe)inHislegislation,andthisisdisbeliefandmisguidance
accordingtotheunanimousopinionofthepeopleofknowledgeandfaith.Moreover,thelegalandmaterial
evidenceandrealitiesalongwiththefactsofthecreationofwomenandwhatAllahmakesparticulartoher
testifytowhatAllah(GlorifiedbeHe)statedaboutmenbeinginchargeofwomenandtheirvirtueoverthem
andforwhattheProphet(peaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponhim)saidaboutthedeficiencyofthe
woman'smindandreligionascomparedtomen.However,thisfactdoesnotnecessitatethatallmenare
betterandmorereligiousthanallwomen.Howmanywomenarebetterandmoremindfulthansomemen
butthepointistoclarifythevirtueofagenderoveranotherandtopointoutthatthisismoreperfectthan
this.Indeed,thedecisiverealitytestifiestothisfact,ashasbeenstatedabove.
ItisclearfromthewordsofthewriterofthisarticletheabovementionedAmalthatshechallengesmen's
trusteeshipoverwomenandobjectstowomen'sdeficiencyinmindandreligionexplainingthatsuch
differentiationcausesdivisioninsociety,disintegrationandlackofcooperation.Thistestifiestowhatwe
havepreviouslymentionedthatthepurposebehindthisarticleischallengingtheBookofAllahandthe
SunnahofHisMessenger(peaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponhim)andaccusingthemofbeingthe
reasonsforbackwardness,divisionofthesocietyandthelackofitscooperation.Undoubtedly,thisisavery www.ircpk.com
clearlieandasheerfalsehood.ThereisnothinginthebeliefinwhatisindicatedbytheBookofAllah
(GlorifiedbeHe)andtheSunnahofHisMessenger(peaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponhim)regardingthe
men'strusteeshipofwomenandthedeficiencyinthemindsofwomenandintheirreligionthatbringsabout
harmontheMuslimCommunity,itsdivision,itsdisintegrationandlackofcooperation.Rather,allthisis
satanicinsinuationandevilscasttothesupportersofSatanfromamongtheignorant,thepolytheistsand
thosewhofollowintheirtracks.Ontheotherhand,thisdoesnotresultinthenegligenceofwomenwith
regardtothebenefitofthecommunityordeprivingherfromparticipatinginwhatcorrectstheaffairsofthe
communitysuchasgivingadvice,forthesakeofAllah,toHisslavesandenjoiningwhatisright,forbidding
whatiswrong,invitingtothatwhichistruthfulandothercollectiveobligations.Rather,sheiscommanded
todothatandshould
performherdutyinthisregardasmuchasshecan,asAllah[ExaltedandSublimeBeHe]says: Thebelievers,
menandwomen,areAuliy (helpers,supporters,friends,protectors)ofoneanothertheyenjoin(onthepeople)AlMarf(i.e.
IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmordersonetodo),andforbid(people)fromAlMunkar(i.e.polytheismanddisbeliefofallkinds,
andallthatIslmhasforbidden) untiltheendoftheverse.He(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: Verily,theMuslims(those
whosubmittoAllhinIslm)menandwomen,thebelieversmenandwomen(whobelieveinIslmicMonotheism),themenandthe
womenwhoareobedient(toAllh),themenandwomenwhoaretruthful(intheirspeechanddeeds),themenandthewomenwho
arepatient(inperformingallthedutieswhichAllhhasorderedandinabstainingfromallthatAllhhasforbidden),themenandthe
womenwhoarehumble(beforetheirLordAllh),themenandthewomenwhogiveSadaqt(i.e.Zakt,andalms),themenand
thewomenwhoobserveSaum(fast)(theobligatoryfastingduringthemonthofRamadn,andtheoptionalNawfilfasting),themen
andthewomenwhoguardtheirchastity(fromillegalsexualacts)andthemenandthewomenwhorememberAllhmuchwiththeir
heartsandtonguesAllhhaspreparedforthemforgivenessandagreatreward(i.e.Paradise). Besides,therearemanyother
versessupportingthisconcept.ItisreportedthattheProphet(peaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponhim)
acceptedtheconsultationofUmSalamahonthedayofAlHudaybiyyahandagreatbenefitresultedfromthat.
Moreover,thestoryofKhadijah(mayAllahbepleasedwithher)inthebeginningofrevelationandthegreat
welfareandreliefshegavetotheProphet(peaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponhim)arewellknowntothe
peopleofknowledge,andtherearemanyothersimilarexamplesintheIslamichistory.
Itisastonishinglystrangethatthoseinchargeofthisnewspaperdarepublishthisarticledespiteclaimingto
beMuslimsandtheirreceivinggreatfinancialsupportfromtheMuslimcountrytoencouragetheirnewspaper
andcontinuepublication.However,itisnotamatterofwonder,sinceitisauthenticallyreportedthatthe
MessengerofAllah(peaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponhim)said: AmongthesayingsoftheearlyProphets,which
peoplecontinuetoknow,is:Ifyoudon'tfeelashamed,dowhateveryoulike! Itisalsoacommonparable:Hewhofeels
secureagainstthepunishment,willbeillmannered.Furthermore,itisreportedfromUmarand'Uthman(may
Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)thattheybothsaid:Indeed,thoseinauthoritycould,byAllah'sleave,
prevent[evilsbypunishment]whichthe[teachingsof]Qur'anmaynotprevent.Thisnewspapercrossedthe
limitsanddaredtofightthereligionandchallengeitbypublishingthisheinousarticle,anissuetowards
whichweshouldnotbesilent.Itisnotallowedfortheinformationministryorforthegovernmentto
overlookit,but
thereshouldbeseveremeasuresbystoppingitfrombeingpublishedandholdingatrialforthewriterofthis
articleandtheeditorinchiefalongwithadeterrentpunishmentandaskingthemforrepentancefromwhat
theydid,becausethisarticleisconsideredasoneoftheviolationsofIslamthatresultsindisbeliefand
apostasyoftheonewhowritesit,believesinitorispleasedwithit,becauseAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbe
He)says: Say:"WasitatAllh(),andHisAyt(proofs,evidence,verses,lessons,signs,revelations)andHisMessenger(
)thatyouweremocking?" Makenoexcuseyoudisbelievedafteryouhadbelieved. Theyshouldrepent
otherwisebesentencedtodeathbecauseoftheirdisbeliefandapostasy.Itisnotuncleartothepeopleof
knowledgeandfaiththatthisprocedureisoneofthemostimportantobligationsduetowhatithasofthe
protectionoftheBookofAllahandtheSunnahofHisMessenger(peaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponhim)
andtheperfectlegislationofAllah.Thispunishmentwilldeterthosewhosesoulsmayenticethemtodo
whatthisnewspaperdidorcommitwhatitcommitted.
MayAllahgrantussuccess!MaypeaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponourProphetMuhammad,hisfamily
andCompanions!
ImportantNote
PraisebeAllah,Alone!MayAllah'speacebeuponthelastProphetanduponhisfamilyandCompanions!
Toproceed:Ihavereviewedanarticlepublishedby(Iqra')Magazineinitsissuenumber(604)releasedon
22/5/1407A.H.,aboutadebatebetweenAristotleandAristoqanstating:(Natureerrsandmancorrects)andthis
generalstatementhasaheinousevilandopendisbelief.Itisawellknownfactthatthephilosophersdonot
believeintheCreatingandabsolutelyPerfectLordWhoplanstheaffairsoftheuniverse.Healsodoesfora
wisdomandleaveforawisdom,forAllahisfreefromerrorsinactionsandsayings(GlorifiedandExaltedbe
He).DuetotheirlackofbeliefintheGreatCreator,WhoisperfectinHisNamesandAttributes(Glorified
andExaltedbeHe),theyattributetheeventstonaturebecauseoftheirignoranceandtheirstayingaway
fromwhattheMessengers(peaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponallofthem)broughttomankind.
Therefore,itisanobligationnottobedeceivedbytheirsayingswithregardtotheologyandlegislations
becauseofheirignoranceofthemandtheirlackoffaithinthem.Undoubtedly,whathappensintheworldof
diseases,accidents,deformingorotherthingsareduetotheWillofAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe),and www.ircpk.com
Hehastheextensivewisdomandtheoverwhelmingproof,evenifcreaturesareignorantofthem,asHe
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: CertainlyyourLordisAllWise,AllKnowing. He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
alsosays: AndAllhisEverAllKnower,AllWise. Furthermore,He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Hecannotbe
questionedastowhatHedoes,whiletheywillbequestioned. ThisissobecauseofHisperfectwisdomandknowledge.
BlessedisHisNameandExaltedisHefromtheclaimofthewrongdoers,thedisbelieversandtheignorant,
andhighaboveisHebygreatsublimity.InfulfillmentoftheobligationofgivingadviceforthesakeofAllah
andforHisslaves,wedrewpeople'sattentiontothisfact.AllahistheGrantorofsuccessandHeisSufficient
forusandtheBestdisposerofouraffairs.MayAllahgrantussuccess!MaypeaceandblessingsofAllahbe
uponourProphetMuhammad,hisfamilyandCompanions!
www.ircpk.com

JihadisnotonlyforDefense
AllpraiseisduetoAllah,theLordoftheworlds.PeaceandblessingsbeuponHisServant,Messenger,and
chosenoneamongstHiscreaturesourProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)anduponhisCompanions
andthosewhoadopthiswayandfollowhisguidancetilltheDayofJudgment!IaskAllah(Glorifiedand
ExaltedbeHe)tohelpusrealizeAlHaqq(theTruth).HeisAllPowerful.
ManycontemporarywriterscherishconfusedviewsconcerningJihad(fighting/strivingintheCauseofAllah)
andmanyofthemhandlethismatterwithouthavingknowledge,thinkingthatJihadisprescribedonlyfor
defendingIslamandMuslimsandnotforinvadinghostilecountriesandcallingthemtoacceptIslamifthey
accept,itisgoodotherwise,theyshouldfightthemtilltheWordandReligionofAllahbecomesuperior.
Asthisisthecasewithsomepeoplewhowentonwritingmanylettersandbookstothiseffect,Idecidedto
dedicatethislectureonthissubjectunderthetitle'JihadisnotonlyforDefense'.Iwouldliketosaythat
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe),WhoistheOneWhograntssuccessandguidestotherightpathandall
praiseisduetoHim,sentmessengersanddivinebookstoguidebothofmankindandJinn(creatures
createdfromfire)andtobringthemoutofdarknesstolight,outofHisBountyandKindness.Allah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)hascreatedcreaturestoknowandworshipHimAloneandobeyHim.
However,knowingtheirstatusandthattheirmindscouldnotindependentlyknowthedetailsof
Ìbadah(worship)inthewaythatpleasesHim(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)andcouldnotindependently
knowthefairrulingswhichtheyshouldfolloworthecharacteristicsandmoralstheyshouldhave,Allah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)sentmessengersasbearersofgoodnewsaswellasofwarningtodirectthe
peoplewhoareMukallafs(personsmeetingtheconditionstobeheldlegallyaccountablefortheiractions)to
Tawhid(beliefintheOnenessofAllah/monotheism)andsincereÌbadah,clarifythedeedsandmoralsthat
pleasesHim(GlorifiedbeHe),warnthemagainstthosethatdispleaseHim,anddrawforthemtheplansand
systemsthattheyshouldtakeasguide.He(GlorifiedbeHe)sentdownbookstoclarifythis,forHeAloneis
A l lKnowingtheaffairsofHisServantsandwhatbefitsthemandbringsthemhappinessinthisworldandin
theHereafter.HeAloneknowstheirpresent,past,andfutureaffairs.Therefore,He(GlorifiedbeHe)sent
downmessengersanddivineBookstoguidepeopletothemeansofsalvationandwaytohappinessinthis
worldandintheHereafter.HesentdownthedivineBookstopointoutthissignificantmatter.IntheEver
GloriousQur'an,He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: AllhistheWal(ProtectororGuardian)ofthosewhobelieve.
Hebringsthemoutfromdarknessintolight.Butasforthosewhodisbelieve,theirAuliy(supportersandhelpers)areTght[false
deitiesandfalseleaders],theybringthemoutfromlightintodarkness. He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Oyou
whobelieve!RememberAllhwithmuchremembrance. AndglorifyHisPraisesmorningandafternoon[theearlymorning(Fajr)
and Asrprayers]. HeitisWhosendsSalt(Hisblessings)onyou,andHisangelstoo(askAllhtoblessandforgiveyou),thatHe
maybringyououtfromdarkness(ofdisbeliefandpolytheism)intolight(ofBeliefandIslmicMonotheism).AndHeisEverMost
Mercifultothebelievers. TheirgreetingontheDaytheyshallmeetHimwillbe"SalmPeace(i.e.theangelswillsaytothem:
SalmunAlaikum)!"AndHehaspreparedforthemagenerousreward(i.e.Paradise). He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)also
says: AndI(Allh)creatednotthejinnandmankindexceptthattheyshouldworshipMe(Alone). He(GlorifiedandExalted
beHe)says: IndeedWehavesentOurMessengerswithclearproofs,andrevealedwiththemtheScriptureandtheBalance
(justice)thatmankindmaykeepupjustice.AndWebroughtforthironwhereinismightypower(inmattersofwar),aswellasmany
benefitsformankind,thatAllhmaytestwhoitisthatwillhelpHim(Hisreligion)andHisMessengersintheunseen.Verily,Allhis
AllStrong,AllMighty.
He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)indicatesthatitisHeWhobringspeopleoutofdarknesstothelightby
sendingmessengersandBooks.HepointsoutthatHismessengersweresentwithproofsandthebalance
thatpeoplemaymaintaintheiraffairsinjustice.
TheScriptureheremeanstheDivineBooks,whicharetheWordsofAllah,theMostTruthful, andwhosewords
canbetruerthanthoseofAllh?(Ofcourse,none).
TheBalancehere,whichmeansjustice,referstothestraightlegislationsandfairrulingswhichcontainthe
meansofattaininghappinessinthisworldandintheHereafter.
Forthisend,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)sentdownmessengersandDivineBooks,thegreatestofwhichisthe
EverGloriousQur'an,andbeforewhichHesentdownTawrah(Torah)andInjil(Gospel)besideotherbooks
whichHesentdowntoHisProphetsandMessengers(peacebeuponthem)andwhichincludedlegislations
andrulingsguidingtogoodnessandwarningagainstevil.Inthepast,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)sentforeach
groupofpeopleamessengerfromamongthemselvestodirectthemtogoodness,orderthemtoworship
AllahAloneandwarnthemagainstShirk(associatingotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship).Allah,the
A l lKnowing,theAllWiseandMerciful(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)setlegislationsforthem.Every
messengerAllahsenttoanUmmah(nationbasedononecreed)preachedTawhidwhichistheessenceof
thecallofallmessengers.HeordersthemtoloveAllahandworshipHimAlonesincerely.Allahsetforeach www.ircpk.com
Ummahthelegislationsthatsuitthemandtheirsociety,time,andcircumstancesaccordingto
theWisdom,Mercy,andKnowledgeofAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)ofpeoplesaffairs.
SincethemessageofMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)isgeneralanduniversaltothewholemankindand
Jinn,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)senthimwithamessagethatissuitableforhistimeandthatwhich
followstilltheDayofJudgment.
SuchwastheWisdomofAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)tohaveallthemessengers(peacebeupon
them)gatheredupontheprincipleswhiletheShariàhs(laws)aredifferentaccordingtothecircumstances
andenvironmentsofvariousUmmahs.ThisisoutofAllah'sMercyandCompassiontowardthem.
WithregardtotheessenceofTawhidwhichistheessentialbasicofthemessage,allthemessengers
preachedit,andmadeitobligatorytobepracticedwithtruthfulnessandjustice.Theyalsoprohibitedlying
andinjusticeandcommandedgoodmoralsandrighteousdeedsandavoidingthecontrary.Allsuch
principleswereunanimouslyagreeduponbyallmessengers(peacebeuponthem).Allah(Glorifiedand
ExaltedbeHe)says: Andverily,WehavesentamongeveryUmmah(community,nation)aMessenger(proclaiming):Worship
Allh(Alone),andavoid(orkeepawayfrom)Tght(allfalsedeitiesi.e.donotworshipTghtbesidesAllh). He(Glorified
andExaltedbeHe)alsosays: AndWedidnotsendanyMessengerbeforeyou(OMuhammad)butWe
revealedtohim(saying):LilhaillaAna[nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutI(Allh)],soworshipMe(Aloneandnoneelse)."
He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Messengersasbearersofgoodnewsaswellasofwarninginorderthat
mankindshouldhavenopleaagainstAllhafterthe(comingof)Messengers.
ItisofthefundamentalprinciplestohavebeliefinAllah,HisMessenger,Tawhid,devotion,theLastDay,
Jannah(Paradise),Hellfire,andallthemessengers,without
differentiatingbetweenthem.AllthemessengersagreeduponsuchprinciplesandallthedivineBookscame
toconfirmandsupporteachother.
ThebranchesdifferedindifferentShari'ahsanddoctrines.Somesubsidiarymattersmaybedeemedlawfulin
acertainShari'ahbutunlawfulinanother.Besides,asubsidiarymatterthatwasunlawfulinapreceding
ShariàhmaybemadelawfulinasubsequentShariàh.Thus,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)sentÈisa
(Jesuspeacebeuponhim)withtheShariàhofTawrahwhileeasingsomeofitsrulings,tellingpeople
aboutwhattheydifferedaboutandmakinglawfulsomeoftherulingsthatwereunlawfulintheTawrah.All
thisisoutofAllahsMercyandEasiness.WhenmakingmentionoftheTawrah,Injil,andtheEverGloious
Quran,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)commentsafterthat: Toeachamongyou,Wehaveprescribedalawanda
clearway. He(GlorifiedbeHe)isAllWiseconcerningHisShariàhandAllKnowingoftheinterestsand
abilityofHisservants.He(GlorifiedbeHe)isAllWiseinHisDecrees.He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
says: Verily,WedidsenddowntheTaurt(Torah)[toMs(Moses)],thereinwasguidanceandlight,bywhichtheProphets,who
submittedthemselvestoAllhsWill,judgedfortheJews.Andtherabbisandthepriests[toojudgedfortheJewsbytheTaurt
(Torah)afterthoseProphets],fortothemwasentrustedtheprotectionofAllhsBook,andtheywerewitnessesthereto.Therefore
fearnotmenbutfearMe(OJews)andsellnotMyVersesforamiserableprice.AndwhosoeverdoesnotjudgebywhatAllhhas
revealed,sucharetheKfirn(i.e.disbelieversofalesserdegreeastheydonotactonAllhsLaws). AndWeordainedtherein
forthem:"Lifeforlife,eyeforeye,nosefornose,earforear,toothfortooth,andwoundsequalforequal."Butifanyoneremitsthe
retaliationbywayofcharity,itshallbeforhimanexpiation.AndwhosoeverdoesnotjudgebythatwhichAllhhasrevealed,suchare
theZlimn(polytheistsandwrongdoersofalesserdegree). AllthiswasintheShariàhofTawrahandAllah
approvedofandpointedouttothisUmmahandlegislateditforthem.TheSunnah(whateverisreported
fromtheProphet)supportsthispointandclarifiesthatitisAllahsShariàhforthisUmmah
withregardtolifetheeyes,thenose,theearsandteeth.ThisShariàhiswellknownintheBookofAllah
(theEverGloriousQur'an)andtheSunnahofHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim).Afterwards,Allah
(GlorifiedbeHe)says: Andintheirfootsteps,WesentIs(Jesus),sonofMaryam(Mary),confirmingtheTaurt(Torah)that
hadcomebeforehim,andWegavehimtheInjeel(Gospel),inwhichwasguidanceandlightandconfirmationoftheTaurt(Torah)
thathadcomebeforeit,aguidanceandanadmonitionforAlMuttaqn(thepiousSeeV.2:2). Thisprovidesevidencethat
thegreatBookoftheInjilhasguidance,light,andadmonitions,thenHe(GlorifiedbeHe)says: Letthepeople
oftheInjeel(Gospel)judgebywhatAllhhasrevealedtherein. ThisindicatesthatthisBook(theInjil)hasrulingsby
whichthepeopleoftheInjilfromamongthescholarsoftheChildrenofIsraeljudge.ItiswellknownthatÈisa
(Jesus,peacebeuponhim)wassentwiththeShariàhoftheTawrah,nevertheless,hewassentwithrulings
otherthanthosefoundintheTawrah.HisShariàhcancelledsomeoftherulingsfoundintheTawrah.
Afterwards,Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)says: AndwhosoeverdoesnotjudgebywhatAllhhasrevealed(then)such(people)
aretheFsiqn[therebelliousi.e.disobedient(ofalesserdegree)toAllh]. ThenHe(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says:
AndWehavesentdowntoyou(OMuhammad)theBook(thisQurn)intruth,confirmingtheScripturethatcame
beforeitandMuhaymin(trustworthyinhighnessandawitness)overit(oldScriptures).SojudgeamongthembywhatAllhhas
revealed,andfollownottheirvaindesires,divergingawayfromthetruththathascometoyou.Toeachamongyou,Wehave
prescribedalawandaclearway. HeaddresseshereHisProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim),asHesentHis
Book,theEverGloriousQuraninAlHaqqandforestablishingAlHaqqitencompasses,supports,and
legislatesAlHaqq,confirmingtheScripturesthatcamebeforeitandthemessengersthatcamebeforehim.
TheBookofAllah,theEverGloriousQuran,confirmsandbearswitnessthatthemessengersandthe
ScripturesthatcamebeforeitwerefromAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe):Tawrah,Injil,Zabur(Psalms), www.ircpk.com
theScripturesofIbrahim(Abraham,peacebeuponhim)andMusa(Moses,peacebeuponhim),andother
booksthatAllahsentuponthemessengers(peacebeuponthem).Then
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)pointsoutthateachofthemessengershadalawandaclearway.This
indicatesthattheShariàhsoftheprophetsandmessengersaredifferentbuttheprinciplesareoneincluding
beliefinAllah,themessengers,theangels,theBooks,theLastDay,Jannah,Hellfire,andothergeneral
rulingsthatcommandjustice,truthfulness,andforbidinjustice,lie,andthelike.
Thesearegeneralandcommonprinciples.OutofHisWisdom,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)senteach
messengerwiththelanguageofhisownpeopleinordertobeabletoteachandletthemcomprehendclearly
whathewassentwith.Therefore,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: AndWesentnotaMessengerexcept
withthelanguageofhispeople,inorderthathemightmake(theMessage)clearforthem.
SinceMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)wasoftheArabs,andtheywerethefirstpeopletoreceivehis
Da`wah(callingtoIslam),Allahsenthimwiththeirlanguage,eventhoughhe(peacebeuponhim)isthe
Messengerforallmankind.However,Allahsenthimwiththelanguageofhispeopleandmadethem
preachersandcallersafterhisdeathtotheUmmahsthatcomeafterthem.He(GlorifiedbeHe)orderedall
peopletofollowthishonorableProphet(peacebeuponhim)andadopthisway,sotheyshouldfollowhim
andunderstandhislanguagewhichisthelanguageoftheBookofAllah,theEverGloriousQuran.This
greatProphetisMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)whomAllahsentasamercyforallmankind.Allah
(GlorifiedbeHe)says: AndWehavesentyou(OMuhammad):notbutasamercyfortheAlamn
(mankind,jinnandallthatexists). Asthemessengersbeforehimweresentasamercyfortheirownpeopleto
guidethemandremoveinjusticeandcorruptionandreplacethemwithpropersystemsandfairrulings.
AllahsentMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)alsotoputanendtocorruptsystems,behavior,injustice,and
oppressioninhumansocietyandtoreplacethemwithgoodandfairrulings.He
(peacebeuponhim)wassentbyhisLordtoremoveinjustice,oppression,andcorruptionandtoovercome
corruptanddespoticregimeswhichwrongfullyandtyrannicallyrulepeople,transgressagainsttheirrights,
andenslavethem.
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)senttheProphet(peacebeuponhim)toreplacethedecadentregimesandunjust
behavior,theabsoluteoppressorsandcorruptleaderswithgoodleaders,fairstraightforwardregimes,and
wiselawsthatcanrulepeoplewithoutdifferentiatingbetweenwhiteandblack,richandpoor,orhonorable
andhumble.HisShariàhmakesnodifferencebetweenpeoplerather,itguidesthemallandmakes
commandsandprohibitionsthatapplyforall.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)pointsoutthatthemost
honorableofpeopleattheSightofAllahisthemostpiousamongthem.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
says: Omankind!Wehavecreatedyoufromamaleandafemale,andmadeyouintonationsandtribes,thatyoumayknowone
another. He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)saysthatyoumayknowoneanother,notthatyoumayboastof
vainprideoveroneanother,lookdownuponordisdainoneanother.Then,He(GlorifiedbeHe)says: Verily,
themosthonourableofyouwithAllhisthat(believer)whohasAtTaqw[i.e.heisoneoftheMuttaqn(thepious.SeeV.2:2)].
Verily,AllhisAllKnowing,AllAware. TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Allahhasrevealedtomethatyoumustbe
humble,sothatnooneboaststoanotheroroppressesanother. (RelatedbyMusliminhisSahih(authentic)Bookof
Hadith)
IntheEverGloriousQuran,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Andturnnotyourfaceawayfrommenwith
pride,norwalkininsolencethroughtheearth.Verily,Allhlikesnotanyarrogantboaster. Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
sentthehonorableProphet(peacebeuponhim)withageneralmessageandcomprehensivesystemwith
regardtoallreligious,political,economic,
social,militaryandallofpeoplesaffairs.He(peacebeuponhim)didnotmissanything,butshowedAllahs
Judgmentinit.Inhisrespect,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: AndWehavenotsentyou(OMuhammad
)exceptasagiverofgladtidingsandawarnertoallmankind He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: O
Prophet(Muhammad!)Verily,Wehavesentyouaswitness,andabearerofgladtidings,andawarner, Andas
onewhoinvitestoAllh[IslmicMonotheism,i.e.toworshipnonebutAllh(Alone)]byHisLeave,andasalampspreadinglight
(throughyourinstructionsfromtheQurnandtheSunnahthelegalwaysoftheProphet). Allah(Glorified
andExaltedbeHe)pointsoutthattheMessengerisaguidinglightforpeopletoclearthewayforthe
straightforwardpathoftheirLord.Hewhoadherestohisreligionwillbesafeandwillattaingoodendand
hewhogoesastraywillmeetdisappointment,loss,andhumiliation.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
says: Indeed,therehascometoyoufromAllhalight(ProphetMuhammad)andaplainBook(thisQurn).
WherewithAllhguidesallthosewhoseekHisGoodPleasuretowaysofpeace,andHebringsthemoutofdarknessbyHisWillunto
lightandguidesthemtotheStraightWay(IslmicMonotheism). ThisiswhatAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)states
aboutthehonorableProphetandtheclearcutEverGloriousQuran.
TheEverGloriousQuranandtheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)weresentbyAllah(ExaltedbeHe)to
bringpeopleoutofthedarknessofKufr(disbelief),ignorance,injustice,tyrannyandservitudetothelightof
Tawhid,Iman(belief),guidanceandjustice.HebroughtpeopletothetoleranceofIslaminsteadofthe
intoleranceoftyrantkingsandtheiraggressiverulings.TheShariàhofAllahwithwhichhesent
Muhammad(peacebeuponhim)isperfectinguidance,light,justice,andwisdom.Itdoesjusticetothe www.ircpk.com
wrongedagainstthewrongdoer,guidespeopletothemeansofhappiness,enjoinsjustice,forbids
oppression,bindsthemwiththebondofreligiousbrotherhood,andordersthemtocooperateon
righteousnessandpity,recommendoneanothertofollowAlHaqqpatiently
andgiveadvicetoeachother.Itdeliversthemfrominjustice,oppression,lies,andotherformsofcorruption
inordertobebrotherslovingeachotherfortheSakeofAllah,cooperatinginrighteousnessandpiety,
recommendingeachothertorenderbacktrusts,nottocheat,betray,belie,disdain,orbackbitingeach
other.Eachoneshouldloveforhisbrotherallthatisgoodandhateforhimallthatisevil.Allah(Glorified
andExaltedbeHe)says: Thebelieversarenothingelsethanbrothers(inIslmicreligion).Somakereconciliationbetweenyour
brothers TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Noneofyouwillbelieveuntilhelovesforhisbrotherwhathelovesfor
himself. IntheTwoSahih(authentic)BooksofHadith(i.e.AlBukhariandMuslim),itisnarratedonthe
authorityofJariribnÀbdullahAlBajaly(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thathesaid Igavethepledgeofallegianceto
theProphet(peacebeuponhim)forthefollowing:toofferSalah(Prayer)perfectly,topaytheZakah(obligatorycharity),andtogive
sincereadvicetoeveryMuslim. He(peacebeuponhim)alsosaid: Religionissincerity(Nasyhah)Itwasasked,Towhom,
OMessengerofAllah?Hesaid,ToAllah,toHisBook,toHisMessenger,totheleadersoftheMuslims,andtotheircommonfolk.
(RelatedbyMusliminhisSahihBookofHadith)WithregardtothegeneralityofMuhammad'smessage,Allah
(GlorifiedbeHe)says: Say(OMuhammad):"Omankind!Verily,IamsenttoyouallastheMessengerof
AllhtoWhombelongsthedominionoftheheavensandtheearth.LilhaillaHuwa(nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutHe).
ItisHeWhogiveslifeandcausesdeath.SobelieveinAllhandHisMessenger(Muhammad),theProphetwho
canneitherreadnorwrite(i.e.Muhammad),whobelievesinAllhandHisWords[(thisQurn),theTaurt
(Torah)andtheInjeel(Gospel)andalsoAllhsWord:"Be!"andhewas,i.e.Is(Jesus)sonofMaryam(Mary),],and
followhimsothatyoumaybeguided."
He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)statesthattheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)purifiesthemfromtheir
immoralactsandabominablesinstogoodmoralsandstraightforwarddeeds.He(GlorifiedandExaltedbe
He)says: IndeedAllhconferredagreatfavouronthebelieverswhenHesentamongthemaMessenger(Muhammad
)fromamongthemselves,recitinguntothemHisVerses(theQurn),andpurifyingthem(fromsinsbytheirfollowinghim),
andinstructingthem(in)theBook(theQurn)andAlHikmah[thewisdomandtheSunnahoftheProphet(i.e.
hislegalways,statements,actsofworship)],whilebeforethattheyhadbeeninmanifesterror. He(GlorifiedandExaltedbe
He)alsosays:
Verily,therehascomeuntoyouaMessenger(Muhammad)fromamongstyourselves(i.e.whomyouknow
well).Itgrieveshimthatyoushouldreceiveanyinjuryordifficulty.He(Muhammad)isanxiousoveryou(tobe
rightlyguided,torepenttoAllh,andbegHimtopardonandforgiveyoursinsinorderthatyoumayenterParadiseandbesavedfrom
thepunishmentoftheHellfire)forthebelievers(heis)fullofpity,kind,andmerciful. Therearesomany
Ayahs(Qur'anicverses)indicatingtheadvisingroleoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)Allah(Glorifiedand
ExaltedbeHe)senthimtoinstruct,guideandpurifypeople,bybringingthemoutofthedarknessof
ignorance,Kufr,andillfavoredbehaviorstothelightofIman,Tawhid,noblemorals,justice,righteousness,
andreformation.SincetheearthbeforethemissionoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)wasrepletewith
injustice,ignorance,andKufrShirkandcorruptionprevailedeverywhereexceptforwhatAllahwillsonlya
fewofthePeopleoftheBookweretruthfulbutthey,ormostofthemdiedbeforehismission,Allahoutof
HisMercyandCompassiononthepeopleofearthsentthegreatMessengerMuhmmad(peacebeupon
him).Theywereindireneedforhismissionandmessage.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)senthimwiththemost
honorableBookandmessagetosavetheUmmah,bringthemoutofdarknesstothelight,outof
misguidancetoguidance,andoutofinjusticeandoppressiontojusticeandfulllibertyrestrictedbythe
Shariàh.Uponsendinghim,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)orderedhimtocallandguidepeopleto
AllahandtoestablishargumentsforthetrueDin(religion)ofIslamandAlSiratulMustaqim(theStraight
Path)whichAllahsenthimwith.He(peacebeuponhim)keptoncallingforandguidingtowardAllahin
Makkah,sodidthepeopleofMakkahwhoembracedIslamaccordingtotheirrespectivecircumstancessometimes,
theycallforAllahinsecretandothertimesinpublic.He(peacebeuponhim)stayedinMakkahforthirteen
years,callingforAllah,admonishing,andguidinghispeopleforallgoodness,recitingoverthemAyahs
fromtheBookofAllahandpreachinggoodmoralsandrighteousdeeds.Allahdidnotorderhimtofight
themitisjustaDa`wahwithnofight,butwith
guidance,instruction,andpointingoutthetruthandthenoblemoralsandwarningagainsttheoppositeby
meansofgoodword,tolerance,andkindargument.Inthisrespect,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
says: Invite(mankind,OMuhammad)totheWayofyourLord(i.e.Islm)withwisdom(i.e.withtheDivine
RevelationandtheQurn)andfairpreaching,andarguewiththeminawaythatisbetter. He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
alsosays: sooverlook(OMuhammad)theirfaultswithgraciousforgiveness.[Thiswasbeforetheordainment
ofJihdholyfightinginAllhscause]. He(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: Andbepatient(OMuhammad)
withwhattheysay,andkeepawayfromtheminagoodway. He(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: Thereforeproclaimopenly
(AllhsMessageIslmicMonotheism)thatwhichyouarecommanded,andturnawayfromAlMushrikn(polytheists,idolaters,and
disbelieversSeeV.2:105). TheEverGloriousQuranisfullofsuchAyahscommandingforgiveness,
forbearance,andkindargument.IntheseAyahs,thereisnoordertofight,foritisimproperwhenthe
Muslimswerefewandtheirenemieswerenumerous,mighty,andpowerful.ItisAllahsWisdomtoprevent
HisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)andMuslimsfrompracticingJihadbythehandandorderedthemto
sufficewithJihadwiththetonguei.e.Da`wah,andorderedthemtoholdbacktheirhandsfromfighting.By
thisway,AllahguidedtheearlyMuslimssuchasAbuBakrAlSiddiq(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim),AlFaruq
Ùmar(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim),Ùthman(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim),Àly(mayAllahbepleased www.ircpk.com
withhim),AlZubayribnAlÀwwam,Sa`dibnAbuWaqqas,ÀbdullahibnMasùd,ÀbdulRahmanibnÀwf,SaìdibnZaydand
alargegroupoftheSahabah(CompanionsoftheProphet)(mayAllahbepleasedwiththem).
www.ircpk.com

TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)declaredthemessagetothepublic,clarifiedthefalsityoftheirgodsthattheyusedtoworship
besidesAllah,andguidedthemtomonotheismandsinceredevotionforonlyAllah.Thismatterwassohardanddifficultforthepeople
ofMakkah,astheyusedtoglorifyandworshipothergods.Moreover,manyofthemthoughttheywouldkeeptheirhighposition,great
status,andsupremacyovertheweakbyadheringtosuchworship.Hence,theystronglyattemptedtodefendtheirgodsandworship,
fabricatedmanyliesagainsttheProphet(peacebeuponhim),andurgedpeopletoturnawayfromhim.
Theyaccusedhimofbeingapoet,acrazy,amagician,andaliar.Alltheseaccusationsandmanyothers
werefalseandtheirleadersandchiefsknewthisfactwell.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, Weknow
indeedthegriefwhichtheirwordscauseyou(OMuhammad):itisnotyouthattheydeny,butitistheVerses(the
Q u rn)ofAllhthattheZlimn(polytheistsandwrongdoers)deny. Theyhadnootherwaybuttosaysuchliesand
fabricationstotheweakofMakkahandotherplaces.AllahdecidedtoperfectHisLight,bringthetruthtolight,
andtakeawayfalsehoodeventhoughthedisbelieversmighthatethis.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
continuedtocallthemtoAllah,discusswiththem,recitetheEverGloriousQurantothem,guidethemto
thetruththatAllahsenthimwithitandproclaimopenlyAllah'sMessageashewascommanded.Hence,the
messageofIslamspreadinMakkahandwasknowntotheArabsandmanyotherpeopleinthecountryside
andcities.ManydelegationscametotheProphet(peacebeuponhim)secretlytohearfromhimabout
Islam.ThisbecameapparenttothepeopleofMakkah,whosetouttoharmtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)and
hisCompanionsseverely.HistoryrelatesthestoriesofmanyCompanionswhoweretorturedbybeing
exposedtooppressiveheatandbymanyotherways.Whenthepersecutionandoppressionbecameseverer
ontheProphet'sCompanions(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemall),theProphet(peacebeuponhim)
permittedthemtomigratetoAbyssinia(Ethiopia).ManyMuslimsmigratedtoAbyssiniaandstayedthereuntilthey
wereinformedthatthepolytheistshadbecomelenientwiththeMuslimsmoreover,itwasnarratedthatthey
wereinformedthatmanyofthepolytheistsofMakkahembracedIslamwhentheyprostratedtoAllahafter
hearingthelastverseofSurahAlNajm[wheretheprostrationofrecitationshouldbemade].Hence,some
ofthemreturnedtoMakkahhowever,theyfoundnothingbutmoreharmandsuffering.Thus,they
migratedagaintoAbyssinia(Ethiopia)andstayedthereuntiltheycametotheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
duringhisbattleagainstKhaybarfromAbyssiniawithJa`farIbnAbiTalib(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemall)inthe
seventhyearofHijrah.MattersbecameharderandharderfortheProphet(peacebeuponhim)inMakkahas
he,alongwiththefamilyofAbuTalibwasbesiegedandsufferedgreatly.Afterwards,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)
permitted
theProphet(peacebeuponhim)tomigratetoMadinahandemployedsomepeopleofAlAnsar(theHelpers,
inhabitantsofMadinahwhosupportedtheProphet)tohelp,support,anddefendHisLastProphet.AlAnsar(mayAllah
bepleasedwiththem)whoweremembersofthetwomajortribes,AlAwsandAlKhazrajcontactedthe
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)andmetwithhimat.AlÀqabah,nearMina,manytimes.Duringthelastmeeting,
morethanseventypeopleofAlAnsarpledgedallegiancetotheProphet(peacebeuponhim),tookupon
themselvestoprotecttheProphet(peacebeuponhim)astheywouldprotecttheirwomenandchildren,and
askedhimtomigratetothem.He(peacebeuponhim)acceptedtheirrequestandpermittedhis
CompanionstomigratetoMadinah.However,hewaiteduntilhe(peacebeuponhim)receivedAllah's
Permissiontogothere.Hence,he(peacebeuponhim)migratedtoMadinah,praiseandthanksaredueto
Allah.ItiswellknownthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim),whilehewasinMakkah,didnotpracticeJihad
againsthispeopletospreadAllahsMessageashe(peacebeuponhim)usedguidance,instruction,
explanation,counsel,reminders,andrecitationoftheQuran.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, but
striveagainstthem(bypreaching)withtheutmostendeavourwithit(theQurn). Likewise,theProphetsCompanions
(mayAllahbepleasedwiththem)whoremainedinMakkahadoptedthesamewayastheyattemptedto
guideandadvisethosewhowereneartothem.However,inspiteofallthis,Muslimswerefewinnumberin
comparisontothedisbelievers,whohadtheupperhandinMakkahHence,itisnarratedthatHassanIbnThabit
(mayAllahbepleasewithhim)said:
AlMustafacalledthepeopleof Theydidnotrespond,although
MakkahtoAllahforalongtime, hisleniencyandspeechwere
evident.
WhentheProphetcalledthem Theyfoundthetruth,entered
withtheswordswereinhis thereligion,andhelduptheir
hands, hands.
ThiswasthestateinMakkahwhereonlyafewpeoplerespondedtotheProphet'scalltoAllah,whilethe
majorityrefusedtoacceptthenewmessage,becauseoftheirdesireforleadership,boons,arrogance,envy
andtyranny,notbecauseoftheirignoranceorinclinationtofalsehood.TheywerecertainthattheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)wasthemosthonestandtruthfulpersonamongthem
however,theyrefusedtoacceptthetruthoutofenvy,tyranny,anddesireforleadership.Likewise,leaders
www.ircpk.com
andmastersoftheRomansandPersiansknewthetruthanditsevidenceverywellbutleadership,supremacy,
anddominatingthepeoplepreventedthemfromfollowingthetruth.Once,HeracliusaskedAbuSufyanaboutthe
qualitiesoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim),soAbuSufyantoldhim.Heracliusthenbecamesurethat
MuhammadwasatrueMessengerandcalledhispeopletobelieveinhim.However,whenhesawtheir
unwillingnessandrefusal,heimmediatelywentbackonhiswordandsaid,"Itoldyousoastotestyouand
makesureofthefirmnessofyourbelief!"Afterthat,headheredtothereligionofhispeople,continuedhis
tyrannyandoppression,andpreferredtheworldlylifetotheHereafter.WesupplicatetoAllahtokeepus
safeandfirmonHisPath.Thus,oppression,envy,andthewishforleadershipurgedhimandhisliketo
denyandrefusethetruthanditspeople.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, Weknowindeedthegrief
whichtheirwordscauseyou(OMuhammad):itisnotyouthattheydeny,butitistheVerses(theQurn)ofAllh
thattheZlimn(polytheistsandwrongdoers)deny. Also,He(ExaltedbeHe)saysaboutPharoahandhispeople, And
theybeliedthem(thoseAyt)wrongfullyandarrogantly,thoughtheirownselveswereconvincedthereof[i.e.those(Ayt)arefrom
Allh,andMs(Moses)istheMessengerofAllhintruth,buttheydislikedtoobeyMs(Moses),andhatedtobelieveinhis
MessageofMonotheism].SoseewhatwastheendoftheMufsidn(disbelievers,disobedienttoAllh,evildoersandliars.). In
addition,He(ExaltedbeHe)tellsuswhatMusa(peacebeuponhim)saidtoPharaoh, "Verily,youknowthatthese
signshavebeensentdownbynonebuttheLordoftheheavensandtheearth(asclearevidencei.e.proofsofAllhsOnenessandHis
Omnipotence.). Suchlordsandnotablepersonsamongthedisbelieversactuallyknowthetruthandknowthat
theDivinemessagesbroughttomessengersaretrue.However,theirprominence,authoritarianism,tyranny,
andendeavorstomonopolizeboonspreventthemfromacceptingthetruth.Theyareawareofthefactthat
iftheyacceptit,theywillbefollowersastatusundesirableintheireyes.Theyseek,instead,toassume
leadership,dominance,andsuperiorityoverothers.Islam,therefore,wageswaronsuchpeople
toputanendtotheirexistenceandestablisharighteousstateundertheleadershipofrighteouspersons
whogiveprioritytotheRightofAllah,dojusticetothepeople,andsatisfythewantsoftheirfellow
brothers.Theywillnotbearrogantorproudrather,theywillbefairmindedleadersandjustrulerswho
seekgoodandprosperityfortheirpeopleandsharewiththemboonsandresourcesinsteadofseizingthem.
Suchisthesystem,whichProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)camewithitisacomprehensiveand
justsystemoflegislationthatisapttowipeoutallcorruptregimes,rulingtyrants,meansofcorruptionand
badmanners.ItcommandsMuslimstoabidebytheDivineLawrevealedinAllah'sBook[theEverGlorious
Qur'an]andillustratedintheSunnahofProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim).Italsoasksthemtobe
committedtojustice,fairmindedness,keepingtotherulesordainedbyAllah,supportingeachother,
returningdepositsandtruststotheirowners,activatingAllah'sLawintheirjudicialandrulingsystems,and
fightingagainstcorruptionandallmisleadingwaysoflife.
WhenProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)migratedtoMadinahandsettledthere,Allahcommandedhim
tospreadpiety,getit[i.e.AlMadinah]ridofcorruptpeopleandpopulateitwiththegood.Havingsettledin
thissacredland,withAlAnsarandAlMuhajirun(theMigrants)aroundhim,he(peacebeuponhim)continuedto
callothers[toAllah],disseminatingtheguidancehehadbeensentwith.Afterwards,Allahpermittedhim
andhisCompanionstoundertakeJihad.Inthisregard,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Permissiontofight(against
disbelievers)isgiventothose(believers)whoarefoughtagainst,becausetheyhavebeenwrongedandsurely,AllhisAbletogive
them(believers)victory Inthishonorableverse,Allahpermitsthebelieverstofighttheirenemies,becausethey
havebeenwronged.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)gavepermissiontothebelieverstofight,andthenHemadeit
obligatoryuponthemasHe(ExaltedbeHe)says, Jihd(holyfightinginAllhscause)isordainedforyou(Muslims)
thoughyoudislikeit Thus,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)madeJihadobligatory,revealedmanyversesthaturge
Muslimstoadheretoit,andorderedHisLastProphet(peacebeuponhim)toexhorthisfollowerstofight
theirenemies.
AccordingtoMuslimscholars,Jihadwasfirstpermissible,andthenitwasmadeacollectiveduty(Fard
Kifayahi.e.adutywhichifdonebysome,othersarenotobligedtoperformitbutifnonedoesit,allwillbe
sinful).
Insomecases,Jihadmaybeobligatoryonapersone.g.whenoneisalreadyengagedinfightingorranged
inthearmy,whenaMuslimlandundergoesasiege,orwhenoneisorderedbytheImam(i.e.theMuslim
ruler)toundertakeanactofJihad.Fightingisobligatoryinthesethreecases.WhenaMuslimisalready
engagedinfighting,hehasnochoicetoleave.IfaMuslimlandisfacedwithaggression,theleaderandall
Musliminhabitantshavetodefenditbyallpossiblemeans.Also,iftheImamasksaMuslimtofight,hehas
torespond.AllahmadeJihadobligatoryforMuslims.Itisacollectivedutyifasufficientnumberofpeople
doit,itbecomesonlyaconfirmedSunnah(SunnahMu'akkadahi.e.highlyrecommended,astheProphet
keptonperformingit)andnotobligatoryforotherstodo.Itmaybeobligatoryonspecificpeopledepending
oncertaincircumstances,ashasjustbeenmentionedabove.Atfirst,ProphetMuhammad(peacebeupon
him)foughtonlywhennecessaryandstoppedfightingwhenitwasprofitabletostop.Lateron,Allah
(ExaltedbeHe)commandedhimtofightthosewhofoughthimandtobeinastateofpeacewiththosewho
werepeacefulwithhim.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, AndfightintheWayofAllhthosewhofightyou,
buttransgressnotthelimits.Truly,Allhlikesnotthetransgressors.[ThisVerseisthefirstonethatwasrevealedinconnectionwith
Jihd,butitwassupplementedbyanother(9:36)]. Someofourrighteouspredecessorssaid,"TheProphet(peacebe
uponhim)wasaskedinthisversetofightthosewhofoughthimandtokeepalooffromthosewhodidnot
fighthim."Otherssaid,"Thisverseincludesnothingofthismeaning.Instead,itaskstheProphet(peacebe
uponhim)tofightthosewhohadtheabilitytofightandstriveagainsttheWayofAllah.Thisincludesable
menchargedwithresponsibilities,anddoesnotincludethosewhoarenotabletofightsuchaswomen,
children,monks,theblind,thedisabled,andthelikewholacktheabilitytoengageinwar.
Thislatterinterpretationoftheverse,asweshallshowlater,isclearerandmoreconvincingthanthefirst. www.ircpk.com
Thisisbecauseinthetwoversesaftertheabovequotedverse,Allahsays, Andfightthemuntilthereisnomore
Fitnah(disbeliefandworshippingofothersalongwithAllh)and(allandeverykindof)worshipisforAllh(Alone). Thisindicates
thattheintendedmeaningistofight
alldisbelieversandpolytheists,notjustthosewhoactuallyfight,sothateverykindofworshipwillbefor
AllahAlone,andtoputanendtoFitnahi.e.disbeliefandpolytheismorpeoplecausingeachothertogive
upthereligion.Polytheismis,therefore,calledFitnah,asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says, AndAlFitnahisworsethan
killing. A lFitnah,here,meansassociatingotherswithAllahinworship.Thewordmayalsobeusedtorefer
tosomeofthewrongdoingscommittedbysomedisbelieverssuchaskillingpeople,violatingtheirrightsor
enforcingthemtodenyAllah'sDivinity.Therefore,Allahdemandedthattheyshouldbefoughtuntilthereis
nomoreFitnah,i.e.topreventtheoccurrenceofpolytheismandtheinjusticeofthedisbelieversagainstthe
Muslimswhetherbyopposingthem,fightingthemorcausingthemtoleavetherightpath.Allah(Glorified
andExaltedbeHe)saysinSurahAlNisa', TheywishthatyourejectFaith,astheyhaverejected(Faith),andthusthatyou
allbecomeequal(likeoneanother).SotakenotAuliy(protectorsorfriends)fromthem,tilltheyemigrateintheWayofAllh(to
Muhammad).Butiftheyturnback(fromIslm),take(holdof)themandkillthemwhereveryoufindthem,and
takeneitherAuliy(protectorsorfriends)norhelpersfromthem. Exceptthosewhojoinagroup,betweenyouandwhomthereis
atreaty(ofpeace),orthosewhoapproachyouwiththeirbreastsrestrainingfromfightingyouaswellasfightingtheirownpeople.
HadAllhwilled,indeedHewouldhavegiventhempoweroveryou,andtheywouldhavefoughtyou.Soiftheywithdrawfromyou,
andfightnotagainstyou,andofferyoupeace,thenAllhhasopenednowayforyouagainstthem. Youwillfindothersthatwishto
havesecurityfromyouandsecurityfromtheirpeople.Everytimetheyaresentbacktotemptation,theyyieldthereto.Iftheywithdraw
notfromyou,norofferyoupeace,norrestraintheirhands,take(holdof)themandkillthemwhereveryoufindthem.Intheircase,
Wehaveprovidedyouwithaclearwarrantagainstthem. ManyMuslimscholarssaid,"TheseversesindicatethatAllah
(ExaltedbeHe)orderedHisProphet(peacebeuponhim)tofightthosewhofoughtagainstthemandto
stopanyfightingwiththosewhohadstoppedfightingagainstthem."Then,He(ExaltedbeHe)revealeda
versecalled"theverseofthesword(AyatAlSayf)"inSurahAlTawbahasHe(ExaltedbeHe)says, Then
whentheSacredMonths(the1st,7th,11th,and12thmonthsoftheIslmiccalendar)havepassed,thenkilltheMushrikn(See
V.2:105)whereveryoufindthem,andcapturethemandbesiegethem,andlieinwaitforthemineachandeveryambush.Butifthey
repentandperformAsSalt(IqmatasSalt),andgiveZakt,thenleavetheirwayfree.Verily,AllhisOftForgiving,MostMerciful.

Ourscholars(mayAllahhavemercyuponthem)said,"Thisverseabrogatesallthepreviousversesthat
indicatedforgivenessandthepreventionoffightingthoseofthepolytheistswhohadstoppedfighting
againsttheMuslims,andthoseofthepolytheistswhodidnotfightagainsttheMuslims.Theverseofthe
swordindicatespreparing,girdinguploins,andsacrificingpropertiesandsoulsforfightingAllah'senemies
untiltheyenterAllah'sReligion,repenttoAllah,establishtheprayer,andpayZakah(almsgiving).Bydoing
so,they[thenewconverters]willhavetheirbloodandpropertiesspared,exceptincaseswhenIslamstates
thatthereisarightoverthem(duetotheirviolatinganylawswhosepunishmententailsconfiscationof
propertiesorblood)."
ItiswellknownthattheMuslimscholarsindicatedthatthisverseandtheversesthatcarrythesame
meaningabrogatetheversesthatwererevealedbeforetheminwhichMuslimswereorderedtoforgiveand
refrainfromfightingthepolytheistswhohadstoppedfightingagainsttheMuslims.Thefollowingverses
indicatethesamemeaningAllah(ExaltedbeHe)saysinSurahAlAnfal, AndfightthemuntilthereisnomoreFitnah
(disbeliefandpolytheism,i.e.worshippingothersbesidesAllh)andthereligion(worship)willallbeforAllhAlone[inthewholeof
theworld]. Also,He(ExaltedbeHe)saysinSurahAlTawbah, andfightagainsttheMushrikn(polytheists,pagans,
idolaters,disbelieversintheOnenessofAllh)collectivelyastheyfightagainstyoucollectively.ButknowthatAllhiswiththosewho
a r e A lMuttaqn(thepious). Also,He(ExaltedbeHe)saysinthesameSurah, Fightagainstthosewho(1)believenotin
Allh,(2)norintheLastDay,(3)norforbidthatwhichhasbeenforbiddenbyAllhandHisMessengerMuhammad(
4)() andthosewhoacknowledgenotthereligionoftruth(i.e.Islm)amongthepeopleoftheScripture(JewsandChristians),
untiltheypaytheJizyahwithwillingsubmission,andfeelthemselvessubdued. Thus,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
ordersMuslimstofightthePeopleoftheBookuntiltheypaytheJizyah(polltax)withwillingsubmission
andfeelsubdued.Allahdidnotsaywhatmeans,"UntiltheypaytheJizyahorstopfightingMuslims",He
(ExaltedbeHe)saidwhatmeans,"UntiltheypaytheJizyahwithwillingsubmissionandfeelthemselves
subdued."Also,He(ExaltedbeHe)saysintheverseofthesword, ButiftheyrepentandperformAsSalt(Iqmat
asSalt),andgiveZakt,thenleavetheirwayfree. Also,He(ExaltedbeHe)saysinanotherverse,
Butiftheyrepent,performAsSalt(IqmatasSalt)andgiveZakt,thentheyareyourbrethreninreligion.
Thisdenotesthatthedisbelieversshouldnotbetoleratedtilltheyrepentoftheirdisbelief,returntoAllah's
TrueReligionandclingtoHisShariàh.Iftheydidso,weshouldstopfightingthemandtheywouldhave
thesamerightsasotherMuslimshave,andhavethesameresponsibilitiesasthemaswell.However,ifthe
PeopleoftheBookpaytheJizyahwithwillingsubmissionandfeelsubdued,weshouldstopfightingthem
eveniftheydidnotembraceIslam.Asforothers,weshouldfightthemuntiltheyembraceIslam.TheMagins
aretreatedlikethePeopleoftheBookasAlBukharynarratedinhisSahihthatÀbdulRahmanIbnÀwf(mayAllah
bepleasedwithhim)said, TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)tooktheJizyahfromtheMagiofHajar Thus,theMagiare
treatedlikethePeopleoftheBookintermsoftakingtheJizyahfromthem,butnotintermsofmarrying
theirwomenoreatingtheirfood.ThesethreegroupsareobligatedtopayJizyahMuslimscholarsagreed
thatiftheydidnotembraceIslam,theywouldbefoughtuntiltheypaytheJizyah.TakingJizyahfromthem
isatemporarycaseuntilÈisa(Jesus,peacebeuponhim)descendstoearthattheendoftime.Whenhe
(peacebeuponhim)descends,noJizyahwillbeastheywillhavetoembraceIslamorbefought.Thisis www.ircpk.com
thewayofMuhammad(peacebeuponhim),whichÈisa(peacebeuponhim)willadoptafterdescending
totheearth,asProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)asserted.AllHadiththatdealwiththisissue
denotethattakingtheJizyahistemporaryuntilthedescentofÈisa(peacebeuponhim).Atthattime,Èisa
(peacebeuponhim)willnotaskthemtopaytheJizyahbuthewillfightthemiftheydonotembraceIslam.
ThisisaccordingtotheShariàhofProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)whoconfirmedandapproved
thishence,thisdenotesthatthiswilloccurattheendoftime,accordingtohisShariàh.
www.ircpk.com

Withtheexceptionofthesethreesects,peopleofknowledgehavedifferedregardingnonArabsandpagans.Somescholarssaidthat
Jizyah(polltaxrequiredfromnonMuslimslivinginanIslamicstate)istobetakenfromallMushriks(thosewhoassociateotherswith
AllahinHisDivinityorworship),thosefromArabsorthosefromnonArabswithoutexception.ThisistheopinionreportedfromMalik
andwasattributedtohimbyAlQurtuby(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)inhiscommentaryontheQur'an
andAlHafizhibnKathirinhiscommentary,thatJizyahistobetakenfromallincludingArabsandNonArabs.
Ontheotherhand,itisreportedfromAbuHanifah(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)thathesaid:"Jizyahisto
betakenfromallnonArabssuchastheJews,theChristiansandtheMagians,butitshouldnotbetakenfromArabs."
Ontheotherhand,itisreportedfromAhmad,AshShafi'iy(mayAllahbepleasedwiththem)andagroupof
scholarsthatJizyahistobetakenonlyfromthePeopleoftheBookandfromtheMagiansbecausetheoriginal
rulingistofightagainstthedisbelieversandnottosheaththesworduntiltheyreverttoIslam.Moreover,
thereisnotextindicatingsheathingtheswordaftergivingJizyahexceptwithregardtothesethreesectsthe
Jews,theChristians,andtheMagians.ThereisaQur'anictextwithregardtotheJewsandtheChristians,whilethereisa
cleartextfromtheSunnahwithregardtotheMagians.Concerningotherthanthesethreesects,thesword
shouldnotbesheathedfromthemexceptwhentheyreverttoIslam,andthus,theyhaveoneoftwo
choices,revertingtoIslamorthesword,becauseAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Butiftheyrepent
andperformAsSalt(Iqmata sSalt),andgiveZakt,thenleavetheirwayfree. Hedidnotsay:"...oriftheystop
fightingagainstyou."Healsosays: thenkilltheMushrikn(SeeV.2:105)whereveryoufindthem,andcapturethemand
besiegethem,andlieinwaitforthemineachandeveryambush. ItisnotedthatthereisgeneralcommandinthisAyah
(Qur'anicverse)tofightalltheMushriks.Itisnoteworthythatstipulatingtherulingwiththederived
descriptionindicatesthatitistheeffectivecauseforthisruling.Thus,whenHedirectstherulingtothe
Mushriks,thedisbelieversandtothosewhohaveabandonedthereligionandthosewhohavenotfollowed
thetruth,itbecomesclearthatthisistheeffectivecauseanditisthereasonforfightingagainstthem.
Therefore,theeffectivecauseisthedisbeliefinAllahaccompaniedwiththeconditionofbeingfromthose
whofightagainstMuslims,notfromotherthanthem.Thus,iftheyarefromthosewhofightagainst
Muslims,thentheyshouldbefoughtagainstuntiltheyreverttoIslamorgiveJizyahiftheyarefromtheJews,
theChristiansortheMagians,oruntiltheyreverttoIslamonlyiftheyarefromotherthanthesethreesects
otherwise,theyshouldbefoughtagainst.AsforthosewhodonotfightagainstMuslimssuchaswomen,
children,theblind,theinsane,themonks,thedwellersofmonasteries,thechronicallyillandthosewhoare
notqualifiedtofightduetobeingunabletofightsuchasthosepreviouslymentionedandalsotheelderly.
Thesecategoriesshouldnotbefoughtagainstaccordingtothemajorityopinionofthescholarsbecause
suchtypesofpeoplearenotqualifiedtofight,andthus,fromthegoodaspectsofIslamistoleavethem
aloneandnottofightthem.
ThisattitudetowardsthesecategoriesisanincentiveforthemandtheirpeopletoreverttoIslamwhenthey
gettoknowthatIslamshowsmercytowardsthem,iskindtothemanddoesnotapproveofkillingthem,
andtherefore,thisisoneofthereasonsfortheirreversiontoIslamoratleastofkeepingthemawayfrom
beingenemiestoit.
Moreover,somescholarsreportedtheunanimousopinionoftheprohibitionofkillingwomenandchildren.
ItisreportedinthesoundandauthenticHadithsfromtheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)thathe
prohibitedthekillingofwomenandchildren.Moreover,intheHadithsreportedinAsSunan,thereis
prohibitionofkillingmonks,theelderlyandthelike.Ontheotherhand,somescholarssaidthattheAyahof
thesword,whichisHis(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)saying: ThenwhentheSacredMonths(the1st,7th,11th,and
12thmonthsoftheIslmiccalendar)havepassed,thenkilltheMushrikn(SeeV.2:105)whereveryoufindthem ThisAyahisnot
anabrogatingone,butthesituationsaredifferent.Bythesametoken,He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
says: OProphet(Muhammad!)Strivehardagainstthedisbelieversandthehypocrites,andbeharshagainst
them A n d : Oyouwhobelieve!Fightthoseofthedisbelieverswhoareclosetoyou,andletthemfindharshnessinyouandknow
thatAllhiswiththosewhoareAlMuttaqn(thepiousSeeV.2:2). ThesamerulingismentionedalsoAllah'ssaying:
andfightagainsttheMushrikn(polytheists,pagans,idolaters,disbelieversintheOnenessofAllh)collectivelyastheyfightagainst
youcollectively.ButknowthatAllhiswiththosewhoareAlMuttaqn(thepious). And: Andfightthemuntilthereisnomore
Fitnah(disbeliefandpolytheism,i.e.worshippingothersbesidesAllh)andthereligion(worship)willallbeforAllhAlone[inthe
wholeoftheworld]. SomescholarssaidthattheseAyahsandothersdealingwiththesameissuedonot
abrogatetheAyahsprohibitingfightingagainstthosewhodonotfightagainstusorthosecommanding
fightingagainstthosewhofightagainstus,andtheydonotabrogateHissaying: Thereisnocompulsionin
religion. However,situationsaredifferent,andthus,ifMuslimsarestrong,havetheauthority,powerand
strength,thentheyshouldfollowtheAyahoftheswordandtheotherAyahshavingthesamemeaning,
actaccordingtothemandfightagainstallthedisbelieversuntiltheyenterintothereligionofAllahin
multitudesorgiveJizyah,whetherthedisbelieversingeneral,asstatedbyMalik(mayAllahbemercifulwith
him)andanothergroupofscholars,oronlytheJews,theChristians,andtheMagiansaccordingtotheother
opinion.Ontheotherhand,ifMuslimsbecomeweakandareunabletofightallthedisbelievers,thenthere
isnothingwrongtofightinaccordancewiththeirabilityandtostopfightingagainstthosewhodonotfight www.ircpk.com
againstthemiftheyareunabletofight.Thus,thecasewillbeinthehandoftheruler,ifhewantstofight,
hecanfight,andifhedoesnotwanttofight,thenheshouldnotfight,andifhewantstofightagroupto
theexclusionofanothergroupinaccordancewiththepower,strengthandtheMuslims'interests,thenhe
candothat.Ontheotherhand,heshouldnotfightthemfollowinghisownwhimsanddesires,buthe
shouldconsiderthesituationofMuslimsandtheirpower:IfMuslimsareweak,thenheshouldfollowthe
AyahsthatwererevealedinMakkahduetowhattheyhaveofinvitingtothereligion,explaining,guidingand
stayingawayfromfightingatthetimeofweakness,andifMuslimsarestrong,thentheyshouldfightin
accordancewiththeircapacity.Thus,theyshouldfightagainstthosewhoinitiatedfightingagainstthemand
attackedthemintheirownland,andtheyshouldstopfightingagainstthosewhodonotfightagainstthem.
Thus,theyshouldconsidertheinterestrequiredbytherulesofIslamandmercytowardsMuslimsandthey
shouldalsoconsidertheresultsaswasdonebytheProphet(peacebeuponhim)inMakkahandinMadinah
duringhisfirstdaysinit.Ontheotherhand,ifMuslimshavethepower,theauthority,theabilityandthe
weaponswithwhichtheycanfightallKafirs(disbelievers),thentheyshouldfightagainstallofthemand
declareJihad(striveintheCauseofAllah)foreveryoneaswasdeclaredbytheCompanionsduringthetime
o fAbuBakrAlSiddiq,'Umarand'Uthman(mayAllahbepleasedwithallofthem).Thesamewasdeclaredbythe
Messenger(peacebeuponhim)duringhislifetimeaftertherevelationoftheAyahoftheswordwhenhe
headedtowardsTabuktofighttheRomansandbeforethathedispatchedthearmytoMu'tahtofighttheRomansin
eightA.H.Moreover,he(peacebeuponhim)mobilizedthearmyofUsamahattheendofhislife.
ThisopinionismentionedbyAbul'AbbasShaykhulIslamIbnTaymiyah(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)who
preferreditandsaid:"Indeed,thereisnoabrogation,butitshouldbeappliedinaccordancewiththe
situations,becauseinthebeginning,Muslims'situationwasnotstrongandtheydidnothavetheenough
powerandtherefore,theywereonlygiventhepermissiontofight.However,aftermigrationtoMadinah
whentheybecamestrongenoughtodefendthemselves,theywerecommandedtofightthosewhofight
againstthemandtorestrainfromfightingthosewhodonotfightagainstthem.Then,whenIslambecame
strongand
itsfollowersalsobecamestrongandMuslimsspreadeverywhereandpeopleenteredintothereligionof
Allahinmultitudes,theywerecommandedtofightagainstallthedisbelievers,throwbackcovenantsfairlyto
themandnottorestraintheirfightfromanyoneexceptfromthepeopleofJizyahfromtcheJews,theChristians
andtheMagiansiftheygivetheJizyahwillinglywhiletheyarehumbled.Thisopinionwaspreferredbya
considerablenumberofthepeopleofknowledgeandbyAlHafizhibnKathir(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)
uponhisexplanationofAllah'ssayinginHisgreatBook: Butiftheyinclinetopeace,youalsoinclinetoit,and(putyour)
trustinAllh.Verily,HeistheAllHearer,theAllKnower.
Itisnoteworthythatthisopinionismorepreferableandclearerinitsevidence,becausetheruleinthe
principlesofIslamicjurisprudenceisthatthereshouldnotbeanyresorttoabrogationexceptwhenitis
difficulttoreconciletheevidence,andreconcilingtheevidencehereisnotimpossible,ashasbeenexplained
before.MayAllahgrantussuccess!
AsfortheJizyah,theopinionoftheonewhosaysthatitshouldbetakenfromallthedisbelievers,withthe
exceptionoftheArabs,ismorepreferable.
TheevidencesupportingthisopinioniswhatisauthenticallyreportedintheSahihfromBuraydah(mayAllah
bepleasedwithhim) ThatwhenevertheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)appointedanyoneasleaderofanarmyor
detachmenthewouldespeciallyexhorthimtofearAllahandtobegoodtotheMuslimswhowerewithhim.Hewouldsay:'Fightinthe
NameofAllahandinthewayofAllah.FightagainstthosewhodisbelieveinAllah.' InthisHadithhe(peacebeuponhim)
conditionedtherulingbyKufr(disbelief),andthus,thisindicatesthattheyarefoughtagainstbecauseof
their(Kufr),iftheyarefromthosequalifiedtofight,asindicatedbyotherAyahs.
Thenhe(peacebeuponhim)said: FightincauseofAllah.FightagainstthosewhodisbelieveinAllah.Fight(inthecauseof
Allah),donotembezzlethespoilsdonotbreakyourpledgeanddonotmutilate(thedead)bodiesdonotkillthechildren.
Thereafter,he(peacebeuponhim)said: WhenyoumeetyourenemiesofMushriks,askthemtoacquirethreequalities.If
theyagreeeventooneofthem,acceptthatfromthemanddonotharmthem.InvitethemtoembraceIslam. Thenhe(peacebe
uponhim)said: Iftheyrefuse,
thenaskthemtogivetheJiziyah thenhe(peacebeuponhim)said: Iftheyrefuse(topayit),seekAllah'shelpandfightthem. Itis

notedthathe(peacebeuponhim)commandedhisleaderofthearmyandthemilitarydetachmenttoinvitetheenemiestoIslamfirst,
andiftheyacceptit,thenheshouldnotfightagainstthem,andiftheyrefuseit,thenheshouldaskthemforJizyah,andiftheygiveit,
thenheshouldnotfightagainstthemotherwise,heshouldaskAllahforhelpandfightthem.He(peacebeuponhim)didnot
differentiateinhiscommandbetweentheJews,theChristiansandothers,buthe(peacebeuponhim)said: Yourenemiesof
Mushriks Thisisunderstoodasageneralcommandhowever,ShaykhulIslamIbnTaymiyyah(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)stated
thatallthescholarsdidnotagreeontakingJizyahfromArabs.TheyjustifiedtheiropinionbysayingthattheMessengerofAllah
(peacebeuponhim),theonetowhomtheAyahswererevealed,andtheonewhowasmoreknowledgeableoftheirmeanings,did
nottakeitfromArabs,buthefoughtagainstthemuntiltheyenteredintoIslam.Bythesametoken,theCompanionsafterhimdidnot
acceptitfromArabs,buttheyfoughtagainstArabsinthepeninsulauntilallofthementeredintothereligionofAllah.Moreover,Allah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)saysregardingthemandothers: ButiftheyrepentandperformAsSalt(IqmatasSalt),andgive
Zakt,thenleavetheirwayfree. InanotherAyah,Hesays: thentheyareyourbrethreninreligion. andHedoesnottalkabout
Jizyahinthiscontext.
Therefore,theopinionwhichsaysthatitshouldnotbetakenfromArabsisthestrongest,themorepreferableandtheclosesttothe
Islamicrulings.AsforpeopleotherthanArabs,theopinionofthosewhogaveageneralmeaningtothetextnamely,theHadith
reportedbyBuraydahismorepreferablefollowingalltheevidencefromtheQur'anandtheSunnah,andbecausethepurposeofJihad www.ircpk.com
istosubjectthemtothetruth,toinvitethemtoitandtorestraintheirharmandinjusticefromus.Whentheydothatandenterinto
thereligionofAllahinmultitudes,thenpraisebetoAllah,andiftheyrefuse,thenweshouldaskthemtogiveJizyah,andiftheygiveit
andabidebyhumblenessandtheconditionsdictatedtothem,thenweshouldacceptitfromthemandrestrainfromfightingagainst
them.
IftheyrefusetoreverttoIslamandtogiveJizyah,thenweshouldfightagainstthem,becauseoftheirbenefitandtheMuslims'
benefit,andbecausethisisinagreementwiththeHadithreportedbyBuraydah(mayAllahbepleased
withhim)andtheAyahsrelatedtotheJewsandtheChristians,andtheHadithreportedbyÀbdulRahmanregardingtheMagians.
AsforArabs,theProphet(peacebeuponhim),therightlyguidedCaliphsandtheImamsafterthemdidnottakeitfromthem.
However,itisclearlyunderstoodfromtheirbiographyandtheiractionsthatitisnotallowedforArabstoremaininthestateof
polytheismatall,buttheyshouldeithercarrythismessageanddeliverittopeopleorshouldbeannihilatedsoasnottoexistonEarth.
AsforleavingthemwithoutfightingontheconditionofgivingJizyah,itisnotappropriateintheircase,andthatiswhytheProphet
(peacebeuponhim),hisCompanionsandhissuccessorsdidnottakeitfromthem,buttheyonlyaccepteditfromthenonArabssuch
astheMagiansandtheirlike,astheyaccepteditfromtheJewsandtheChristians.
Asforthesayingofthosewhoclaimthatfightingshouldbeonlyforthesakeofdefense,accordingtomyknowledge,noonefromthe
oldscholarssaidthatJihadinIslamislegislatedonlyforthesakeofdefense,evenaftertherevelationoftheAyahofthesword,and
noneofthemsaidthatnofightshouldbeinitiatedagainstdisbelieversandthatJihadshouldbeonlyforthesakeofdefense.
SomeofourbrotherswroteatreatiserefutingthisclaimandrefutingastatementwhichsomepeoplefalselyattributedtoShaykhul
IslamIbnTaymiyyahinwhichitisclaimedthatheconsideredJihadtobeforthesakeofdefenseonly.Thewriterwhorefutedthese
claimsistheeruditescholarShaykhSulaymanibnHamdanwhowroteatreatiseinwhichhementionedthatthissayingistransmitted
fromsomeoftchepeopleofKufah.Itistobenotedthatthissayingbecamefamousamongthewritersrecently,butitisnotknownto
thetruescholars,sincewhatisknowntothescholarsisthatafterhismigrationtoMadinah,theMessenger(peacebeuponhim)was
givenpermissiontofightagainstallKafirs.ThenJihadwasinstitutedforhimandhewascommandedtofightagainstthosewhofight
againsthimandtorestrainfromthosewhorestrainfromfightingagainsthim.Thereafter,AllahrevealedtohimtheAyahs
commandinghimtofightagainstallKafirsandnottorestrainfromfightingagainsteveryoneuntiltheyenterintothereligionofAllah
orgiveJizyahiftheywerequalifiedtogiveitasmentionedabove.
Thisistheopinionrecognizedbyallthepeopleofknowledge.Moreover,theopinionofShaykhulIslamIbnTaymiyyah(mayAllahbe
mercifulwithhim)withregardtoreconcilingtextshasbeenalreadymentioned,anditisalsostatedthatitistheclosestopiniontothe
truthandthereisno
abrogation.ThesituationsareonlydifferentaccordingtothepowerandweaknessofMuslimsIfMuslimsareweak,thentheyshould
striveaccordingtotheirability,andiftheybecomeunabletodothat,thentheyshouldbesatisfiedwithinvitingpeopletoIslam.Onthe
otherhand,iftheyarestrong,thentheyshouldfightthosewhoinitiatefightingagainstthemandthosewhoapproachthem,andthey
shouldrestrainfromfightingagainstthosewhorestrainfromfightingagainstthem.Iftheybecomestrongandtheyowntheauthority
andvictory,thentheyshouldfightallthedisbelieversuntiltheyacceptIslamorgiveJizyah,withtheexceptionoftheArabsfromwhom
JizyahshouldnotbetakenaccordingtotheopinionofaconsiderablenumberofMuslimscholars.
SomewriterswhoclaimthatJihadisonlyforthesakeofdefensebroughttoevidencesomeAyahsinwhichtheyhavenotrue
evidencesupportingtheirclaim,andtheirclaimsintheseAyahshavebeenalreadyrefuted,and,AllahWilling,morerefutationofthese
claimswillcomelateron.
ItisawellknownfactthatAllahhasobligatedMuslimstodefendthemselvesagainstthosewhotransgressagainstthem,asAllah
(ExaltedbeHe)says: Thenwhoevertransgressestheprohibitionagainstyou,youtransgresslikewiseagainsthim.AndfearAllh,
andknowthatAllhiswithAlMuttaqn(thepious). ThisfactwasstatedalsointheabovementionedAyahs.
ItisnoteworthythatIslamcame,firstandforemost,withthecalltoKafirstoenterintoit,andiftheyrefuse,thentheyshouldgive
Jizyah,andiftheyrefuse,thenitisanobligationtofightagainstthemontheconditionthatMuslimsareabletofightagainstthemas
previouslymentionedintheHadithreportedbyBuraydah,andiftherulerdecidestoreconcileandavoidfightingforthebestinterestof
Muslims,thenitispermissibleforhimtodothat.ThisisbecauseAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Butiftheyinclinetopeace,
you(also)inclinetoit Moreover,thiswasthebehaviorpracticedbytheProphet(peacebeuponhim)withthepeopleofMakkahon
thedayofAlHudaybiyyah.
Thus,itisknownthatthereisnoneedforfightingifthecalltoIslamsucceedsandthedisbelieversaccepttoenterintoIslam.
Ifthereisaneedforfighting,thenthedisbelieversshouldbefoughtagainstaftercallingthemtoIslam,explainingthetruthtothem
andguidingthem,andiftheyrefuse,thentheyshouldgiveJizyahiftheyarequalifiedtogiveit,andiftheyrefusetogiveit,thenthey
shouldbefoughtagainstorreconciledwithaccordingtothe
decisionoftheMuslimruler,ifMuslimsareunabletofight,aspreviouslymentioned.ThosewhoclaimthatJihadisonlylegislatedfor
thesakeofdefensebroughttoevidencethreeAyahs:
ThefirstAyahisHis(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: AndfightintheWayofAllhthosewhofightyou,buttransgressnotthe
limits. TheanswertotheirevidenceinthisAyah,asmentionedbefore,isthatthisAyahdoesnotmeanfightingforthesakeof
defense,butitmeanstofightagainsttheonewhoisabletofightsuchasthestrongman,andtorestrainfromfightingagainstone
whoisunabletofightsuchaswomen,childrenandthelike,andthatiswhyHesaysafterthisAyah: Andfightthemuntilthereisno
moreFitnah(disbeliefandworshippingofothersalongwithAllh)and(allandeverykindof)worshipisforAllh(Alone).
Thus,theinvalidityofthissayingbecomesclear.Evenifwhattheysayistrue,thenthisAyahhasbeenabrogatedbytheAyahofthe
sword.Discussionends,andpraisebetoAllah.
TheSecondAyahbroughttoevidencebythosewhoclaimthatJihadislegislatedonlyforthesakeofdefenseisAllah'ssaying:
Thereisnocompulsioninreligion. Accordingtothecorrectopinion,thereisnoevidencefortheminthisverse,becauseitisrelated
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tothePeopleoftheBook,theMagiansandtheirlikes,sincetheyshouldnotbecompelledtoreverttoIslamiftheygiveJizyah.Thisis
oneoftwoopinionsregardingthemeaningofthisAyah.
ThesecondopinionregardingthemeaningofthisAyahisthatitisabrogatedbytheAyahoftheswordhowever,thereisnoneedto
considerabrogationforthisAyah,sinceitisrelatedtothePeopleoftheBookasreportedinitsinterpretationfromanumberofthe
Companionsandtherighteouspredecessors.Therefore,thisAyahisonlyrelatedtothePeopleoftheBookandtheirlikeswhoshould
notbeforcedtoenterintoIslamiftheygivetheJizyah.Bythesametoken,thisrulingappliestothosewhoaretreatedlikethemsuch
astheMagiansandothersthatiftheygivetheJizyah,thenthereshouldnotbecompulsion,andbecausethepreponderantopinion,
accordingtothescholarsofHadithandoftheprinciplesofIslamicjurisprudence,isthatthereshouldnotberesorttotheconsideration
ofabrogationwhenitispossibletoreconcilethetexts,andyouhavealreadydiscoveredthatitispossibletoreconcilethesetextsby
whatwehavealreadymentioned.Ontheotherhand,iftheyrefuseIslamandrefusetogivetheJizyah,thentheyshouldbefought
againstasindicatedbyothernobleAyahs.ThethirdAyahbroughttoevidencebythosewhoclaimthatJihad
isonlylegislatedforthesakeofdefenseistheAlmighty'ssayinginSurahAnNisa': Soiftheywithdrawfromyou,andfightnotagainst
you,andofferyoupeace,thenAllhhasopenednowayforyouagainstthem. Theysaidthatwhoeverstaysawayfromusanddoes
notfightagainstus,thenweshouldnotfightagainsthim.YouhavealreadyknownthatthisrulingwasappliedwhenMuslimswere
weakinthebeginningwhentheymigratedtoMadinah,andlateron,itwasabrogatedbytheAyahofthesword,andthus,isnot
applicableanymore.Ontheotherhand,thisAyahmighthavebeenappliedduringthetimewhenMuslimswereweak,andwhenthey
becamestrong,theywerecommandedtofight,asmadecleartoyoufromtheotheropinionthatthereisnoabrogation.Basedonthis,
itbecomesknownthatthisopinionisfalseandthatitisbaselesshavingnoevidenceofvalidity.Somepeoplewroteatreatiseand
attributedittoShaykhulIslamIbnTaymiyyahandclaimedthatIbnTaymiyyahdoesnotapproveofanyfightingexceptagainsttheone
whofights.Undoubtedly,thistreatiseisfalsifiedanditis,undoubtedly,alie.TheeruditescholarShaykhSulaymanibnSahman(may
Allahbemercifulwithhim)mandatedhimselftoitandrefuteditmorethanfiftyyearsagoandsomeofourShaykhstoldmeabout
that.Itwasalsorefutedbyourbrother,theeruditescholarShaykhSulaymanibnHamdan(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)theformer
judgein A lMadinahAlMunawwarahaswehavealreadymentioned,and,praisebetoAllah,hisrefutationofthisclaimisavailable
anditisagoodrefutationfulfillingthepurpose.MayAllahrewardhimwiththebestreward!
FromthosewhoalsowroteaboutthissubjectisourbrotherShaykhSalihibnAhmadAlMasu`y(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)
sincehewroteashorttreatiseaboutthisissue,inwhichherefutedtheseclaimsandinvalidatedwhatthesewriterssaythatJihadin
Islamislegislatedonlyforthesakeofdefense.Moreover,ourbrother,theeruditescholarAbuAlA`laAlMawdudy(mayAllahbe
mercifulwithhim)compiledatreatiseaboutJihadinwhichheexplainedthefalsificationofthisopinionandstatedthatitisasaying
thatiscompletelyunfounded.Furthermore,whoevercontemplatesthereferencesfromtheBookandtheSunnahandconsidersthem
withaninsightfreefromwhimsandimitation,willdefinitelyknowtheinvalidityofthissayingandthatitisbaseless.Fromwhatis
reportedintheSunnahregardingthissubjectconfirmingthegloriousBookisthatwhichisreportedbyAlBukhariandMuslimonthe
authorityofIbn Umar(mayAllahbepleasedwithhimandhisfather)whosaidthattheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)
s a i d : IhavebeenorderedtofightagainstthepeopleuntiltheytestifythatnonehastherighttobeworshippedbutAllah,toestablish
theSalah(Prayer)andtoperformZakah(almsgiving),soiftheydo
that,thentheysavetheirlivesandpropertyfrommeexceptlegally,andthentheirreckoning(accounts)willbedonebyAllah. Al
BukhariandMuslimreportedalsoonfromtheHadithofAnasibnMalik(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)whosaidthatAllah'sMessenger
(peacebeuponhim)said: IhavebeenorderedtofightthepeopleuntiltheytestifythatnonehastherighttobeworshippedbutAllah
andthatMuhammadistheMessengerofAllah.Andiftheysayso,praylikeourprayers,slaughterasweslaughter,andfaceour
Qiblah(Ka`bahdirectionfacedinPrayer),thentheyhaveourrightsandareboundtoourduties.
FromtheproofsoftheSunnahiswhatisreportedbyMuslimintheSahihfromAbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thatthe
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)said: Ihavebeenorderedtofightagainstthepeopleuntiltheytestifythatnonehastherighttobe
worshippedbutAllah,soiftheysayit,thentheysavetheirlivesandpropertyfrommeexceptlegally,andthentheirreckoning
(accounts)willbedonebyAllah. FromtheseHadithsiswhatisalsoreportedbyMuslimintheSahihfromTariqibnAshyamAl
Ashja`y(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet(peaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponhim)said:Whoeversaysnonehas
therighttobeworshippedbutAllah,andinanothernarration, Hewhoprofessedthatthereisnoneworthyofworship(intruth)but
AllahandmadeadenialofeverythingwhichthepeopleworshipbesidesAllah,hispropertyandbloodbecomeinviolable,andtheir
affairsrestwithAllah. TherearemanyotherHadithssupportingthismeaningandallofthemprovethatfightinginIslamismeantto
enddisbeliefandcallthedisbelieverstoenterintothereligionofAllahnotbecausetheyattackusonly,andtherefore,he(peacebe
uponhim)said: Whentheydothat,thentheysavetheirlivesandpropertyfrommeexceptlegally. Hedidnotsay:"Andifthey
restrainfromfightingusorstayawayfromus,"buthesaid: ...untiltheytestifythatthereisnoGodbutAllah,andthatMuhammadis
theMessengerofAllah,performSalah,andpayZakah.Iftheydothat... Thisisaproofthatwhatisrequiredfromthemistorevertto
Islamotherwise,theswordwillbethechoice,exceptthepeopleofJizyahasstatedbefore.Itisnotedthathe(peacebeuponhim)
confinedthemattertothetwotestimoniesoffaith(testifyingthatthereisnodeitybutAllahandthatMuhammadistheMessengerof
Allah),performingSalah,andpayingZakah(obligatorycharity)becausetheyarethegreatfoundationsandthemainpillarsofIslam.
Thus,whoeverfollows,believes,andabidesbythem,thenhewillbemoredeservingofperformingotherdutieswithtruefaithand
assurance.ThisiswhatIwantedto,briefly,attracttheattentionto,andIhopethatitwillfulfillthepurposeofpointingoutthetruth
anddefeatingfalsehood.MayAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)guideallofustounderstandHisreligionfully,
keepusuprightuponit,guideustoHisstraightpath,teachuswhatbenefitsus,guideustothatinwhichthereishappinessand
salvation,guideallMuslimstobeuprightonHisreligion,makethemstrivehardinHiscauseandgrantthemcautiousnessagainsttheir
enemies'plots!Indeed,HeisAbletodoallthings.MaypeaceandblessingsbeuponHisservantandMessenger,ourProphet
MuhammadsonofÀbdullah,uponhisfamily,hisCompanionsandthosewhofollowinhistracksandisguidedwithhisguidanceuntil
theDayofJudgment!
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Proofsexposingthemistakesofsomewriters
InthenameofAllah,theAllMerciful,theEverMerciful
AllpraisebetoAllah.MaypeaceandblessingsbeuponHisMessenger,andhisfamilyandCompanions:
IhaveperusedthearticlepublishedinAlBiladmagazine,issueno.(1909),dated12Muharram,1385A.H.
entitled,"BewareofImmoderation".
UnjustifiedAccusation
Ifoundthatthewriter(mayAllahpardonhim)thoughtillofthevolunteeringpeoplemanagingDa`wah(the
calltotheWayofAllah),enjoininggoodandforbiddingevil.
Heaccusedthemofbeingdeceived,extremists,andopponentstonewmatters,andmistakenlyhurledother
accusationsatthem.
Thus,Ideemeditnecessarytopointout,inthiscomment,theseriousmistakesinthepublishedarticleto
advisethewriterandthewholeUmmahanddefendourfellowbrothersagainstaccusationsofwhich,weare
quitesure,theyareinnocent.Italsoimpliesanattempttourgethewriterandotherwriterstomakesureof
whattheysay,observemoderation
injudging(others),andguardthemselvesagainstbaselessmistrust.
Hereisadetailedelaborationonthemistakescommittedbythewriterinthearticlementionedabove.Such
mistakesshouldbehighlightedwhiletheonewhoclaimsthemshouldbecondemned.Hence,seekingthe
HelpofAllahanddependingonHimasthereisnomightorpowerexceptwithHimwepresentthe
followingargument:
showingthatShariàhisPerfectandModerate
Asforwhatthewritermentionedaboutthedisadvantagesofimmoderationandexcessiveness,itisquite
right.
Undoubtedly,IslamicShariàhwarnsagainstextremisminreligion,andordainedthecallforthewayof
truthwithwisdom,fairpreaching,andargumentinawaythatisbetter.However,ithasnotoverlooked
harshnessandstrictnessintheirdueplacewhereleniencyandargumentinawaythatisbetterareofno
avail,asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says, OProphet(Muhammad!)Strivehardagainstthedisbelieversand
thehypocrites,andbeharshagainstthem He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays, Oyouwhobelieve!Fightthoseofthedisbelievers
whoareclosetoyou,andletthemfindharshnessinyouandknowthatAllhiswiththosewhoareAlMuttaqn(thepiousSee
V.2:2). Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: AndarguenotwiththepeopleoftheScripture(JewsandChristians),unlessitbe
in(away)thatisbetter(withgoodwordsandingoodmanner,invitingthemtoIslmicMonotheismwithHisVerses),exceptwithsuch
ofthemasdowrong Thus,HemadeitlawfulforHisBelievingslavestobeharshagainstthedisbelieversand
hypocriteswhenDa`wahwithwisdomandleniencefailstoaffectthem.
AlthoughtheAyahs(Qur'anicverses)areaboutdealingwithdisbelieversandhypocrites,theyindicatethat
theShariàhadmitsleniencyinitsdueplacewhenitishopedtobearfruit.Yet,ifitbringsaboutnobenefit
andpeoplepersistininjustice,disbelief,ortransgressiontothedisregardofpreachingandadvice,they
shouldbeheldbackandtreatedharshly.Hence,theyshouldbesubjectedtotheduemeasuresofHudud
(ordainedpunishmentforviolatingAllahsLaw),Ta`zir(discretionarypunishment),threat,orreprimand
untiltheyobservethelimitsandaredeterredfromtheirassumedfalsehood.
The(concerned)writerandotherwritersshouldnotforgetwhatismentionedinthisregardofreligious
textsandoccurrencesfromthetimetheProphet(peacebeuponhim)wassentuntilthepresenttime.
Inthiscontext,howeloquentarethewordsofthepoetwhosaid,
Unanswered,theProphet inamildmannerandasoft
remainedtopreachinMakkah speech.
Withaswordunsheathed,his Andstubbornheartshumbly
wordsreached surrendered
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ShariàhGathersBetweenStrictnessandLenienceEachinItsProperPlace
Conclusion:theShariàhassumesleniencyinitsdueplaceandalsoassumesstrictnessinitsdueplace.
Thus,theMuslimsshouldnotignorethatorbelenientwhenshouldbestrictorviceversa.Besides,they
shouldnotclaimthattheShariàhacknowledgesleniencyonlyorstrictnessonly,foritisawisecodeoflaw
thatissuitableforeveryplaceandtimeandiscapableofreformingthewholeUmmah.Thatiswhyit
assumesbothleniencyandstrictness.Itismarkedforjustice,wisdom,andtolerance.Hence,itisatolerant
Shariàhinitsrulingsanditdoesnotburdenanyonebeyondhisscope.Itisalsotolerant,becauseitbegins
bycallingpeoplewithleniency,wisdom
andclemencybutwhenthisdoesnotinfluencepeopleandtheyexceedthelimitsandtyrannize,it
powerfullyandharshlyrestrictsthemandtreatstheminawaythatdetersthemandthatenlightensthem
abouttheirwrongdoings.
WhoevermeditatesonthebiographyoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim),theRightlyguidedCaliphs,his
wellsatisfiedCompanions,andthefollowingImamsofguidancewouldperceivethecorrectnessofwhatwe
aresaying..
Textsthatorderleniencyinitsdueplace
Amongtheversesrevealedonleniency,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, AndbytheMercyofAllh,youdealtwiththem
gently.Andhadyoubeensevereandharshhearted,theywouldhavebrokenawayfromaboutyousopassover(theirfaults),and
ask(Allhs)Forgivenessforthemandconsultthemintheaffairs. .
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)saysregardingthestoryofMusa(Moses)andHarunwhenHesentthemtoPharaoh,
"Andspeaktohimmildly,perhapshemayacceptadmonitionorfear(Allh)."
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays, Invite(mankind,OMuhammad)totheWayofyourLord(i.e.Islm)with
wisdom(i.e.withtheDivineRevelationandtheQurn)andfairpreaching,andarguewiththeminawaythatisbetter. .
Textsthatorderstrictnessinitsdueplace
Ontheotherhand,theversesquotedabovealsoincludereferencetostrictness.
AsregardstheHadithrelatedtothisissue,theyincludetheHadithrelatedbyAhmad,AbuDawudandothersfrom
IbnMasùd(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim) thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)saidafterrecitingAllah's(mayHebe
Exalted)saying, ThoseamongtheChildrenofIsraelwhodisbelievedwerecursedbythetongueofDwd(David)andIs(Jesus),
sonofMaryam(Mary).Thatwasbecausetheydisobeyed(AllhandtheMessengers)andwereevertransgressingbeyondbounds.
TheyusednottoforbidoneanotherfromAlMunkar(wrong,evildoing,sins,polytheism,disbelief)whichtheycommitted.Vileindeed
waswhattheyusedtodo.
BytheOneinWhoseHandmysoulis,eitheryouenjoingood,forbidevil,andrestrainthefools
Accordingtoanothernarration: restrainthewrongdoer,bendhimintoconformitywithwhatisright,andrestricthimtowhatisright,
orelseAllahwillinvolvetheheartsofsomeofyouwiththeheartsofothersandwillcurseyouasHehadcursedthem .
ItisalsorelatedintheTwoSahih[Books]fromAbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
said, IwasgoingtoorderthattheSalah(prayer)becommenced,thenorderamantoleadthepeopleinSalah,thenIwouldgowith
somemenhavingwiththembundlesofwoodtoapeoplenotattendingtheSalahandburntheirhousesonthemwithfire. .
Moreover,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)wasreportedtohavesaid, Ifitwerenotforthewomenandchildreninthehouses,I
wouldorderthatprayer,Ìsha'(Evening)Prayer,becommencedandIwouldordermymentoburnwhatisinthehouseswithfire
(i.e.menwhodonotattendcongregationalprayersinthemosque). .Again,itisrelatedinSahihMuslimfromIbnMasùd(mayAllah
bepleasedwithhim)whosaidthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, NeverhadAllahsentaProphettoanUmmahbeforeme
exceptthathehaddisciplesandcompanionswhowouldadopthisSunnahandembracehisguidance.Then,agroupfollowingthem
laggedbehind
theywouldpreachwhattheydonotpracticeandactcontrarytowhattheyareordainedtodo.Thus,whoeverstrugglesagainstthem
isabelieverwhoeverstrugglesagainstthemwithhistongueisabelieverandwhoeverstrugglesagainstthemwithhisheart(by
abhorringthem)isabelievernothingbeyondthatinvolves(theweightof)agrainofmustardofbelief. .
Inaddition,thestoryofthethreeCompanions,whostayedhomeduringtheBattleofTabukwithnoexcuse,iswellknowntoscholars.
Then,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)andhisCompanions(mayAllahbepleasedwiththem)desertedthemforfiftynightsuntilthey
repentedandinturnAllahforgavethem.Inthisregard,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)revealedtheverses, AllhhasforgiventheProphet(
),theMuhjirn(MuslimemigrantswholefttheirhomesandcametoAlMadinah)andtheAnsr(MuslimsofAl www.ircpk.com
Madinah) untilHissaying, And(Hedidforgivealso)thethree[whodidnotjointheTabkexpeditionwhosecasewasdeferred(by
theProphet])(forAllhsDecision) .
AccordingtotheprecedingversesandHadith,theauthorofthearticleandthereadersshouldknowthatIslamicShariàh,beinga
perfectcodeoflaw,adoptsleniencyinitsdueplaceandharshnessandstrictnessintheirdueplace,andthatacallertoAllah'sWay
shouldbelenient,clement,forbearingandpatient.ThisismorebeneficialforhisDa`wahandmakespreachingmoreeffectives.
Besides,itisinlinewithAllah'sCommandsandHisMessenger's(peacebeuponhim)guidance.Heshouldalsobeendowedwith
knowledgeandinsightasregardswhathecallstoandwhathewarnsagainst,asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Say(OMuhammad
):"ThisismywayIinviteuntoAllh(i.e.totheOnenessofAllhIslmicMonotheism)withsureknowledge
Ontheotherhand,theDaìyah(caller)shouldnotresorttoharshnessandstrictnessexceptwhennecessaryandwhentheobjectiveis
notachievedthroughthefirstapproach(leniency).Inthisway,thecallertoAllah'sWaywillhaveassumedthetwoapproachesintheir
dueplacesandembracedtheguidanceofShariàhasregardsboth.MayAllahguideustosuccess.
Refutingtheauthor'sallegationsandguidinghimtotherightpath
Inthiscontext,wedonotacceptwhatthewriterattributedtoAlIkhwan(theMuslimBrotherhood)ofexcessiveness,forwhatwe
knowaboutthemcontradictshissaying.PraisebetoAllah,theyareonclearproofandinsight.Theytreatpeopleinawaythatis
betterandguidethemaccordingtotheinstructionsofscholarsandofficialsofthecountry.
SupposingthatsomemembersoftheMuslimBrotherhoodmadecertainmistakesorundulyadoptedstrictness,theyarenotinfallible
anditisobligatorythatweadmonishthem(aboutit)andwarnthemaboutpotentialmistakessothattheycouldavoidtheminthe
future.
Moreover,thewriterwheninformedaboutsuchmistakesthathebelievestobecontrarytotheShariàhwasmoreentitledto
speaktotheleadersofthegroup,orallyorinwriting,oradvisethemabouttheirmistakes.HecouldevencontactHisExcellency,the
Muftiortheleadersofinstitutionsandinformthemaboutthepointsinwhichhecriticizesthosemembers,sothattheShaykhscould
guidethemtothestraightpath.
However,publishingsuchcriticisminanewspapersisaformofvilificationandunderestimationofthem,andattributingtothemthings
ofwhichtheyareinnocent.ThisisimpermissibleforthebelieverwhofearsAllahandkeepshisdutytoHim,foritinvolvesweakening
thetruth,discouragingthecalltoit,confusingthereaders,andsupportingthefoolishpeopleandtransgressorsintheirfalsehoodand
intheirattackagainstthecallerstotruth.WeaskAllahtoforgiveusandhimandtoguideusalltosincererepentance,adherenceto
thetruthandsupportofthecallerstoit,asHeistheBestofthoseasked.
Thefallaciesofthewriter
Thewriter'sclaimthathedoesnotdenythateveryMuslimshouldguidetotheright,teachrighteousness,repudiateevil,andattract
othersthrough(hisobservationof)themoralityoftheQur'anandtheSunnah,namelygracefulness,leniency,andforbearance.Yet,a
Muslimisnotallowedtoassumerigororstrictnessinhiswordsordeeds,sinceheisnotauthorizedorentrustedbytheauthoritytodo
so.Allthathecandoistorepudiatewhatheseesasanevilfromhisheart,whichistheleastformofFaithfortheonewhoisnotin
authority.However,adoptionofharshnessandrigorcouldonlybeacceptableinacommunityoranUmmahthatlacksgovernmental
bodiesassignedforundertakingthisduty.Yet,ifsuchbodiesareavailable,thenitisneitherinevitablenoracceptableonthepartof
theindividualstoassumesucharule,sinceitisthenalreadyassumedbyestablishedgovernmentalauthorities.
Exposingfallacies
Suchaclaiminvolvestruths,falsehoods,anddelusions.
Thefollowingisanelaboratedexplanationofthatpoint:
Hisclaimthat"hedoesnotdenythateveryMuslimshouldguidetotheright,teachrighteousness,andsoon",istrueanditistheduty
ofeveryoneendowedwithinsighttoundertake,foritisthewayofourProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)andofthosewho
followedhimwithsureknowledge.
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Say(OMuhammad):"ThisismywayIinviteuntoAllh(i.e.totheOnenessofAllh
IslmicMonotheism)withsureknowledge,Iandwhosoeverfollowsme(alsomustinviteotherstoAllhi.e.totheOnenessofAllh
IslmicMonotheismwithsureknowledge).
ThisnobleverseindicatesthatthetruefollowersoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)arethosewhofollowhimwithsureknowledge
andwhocalltothetruth.Besides,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Invite(mankind,OMuhammad)totheWayof
yourLord(i.e.Islm)withwisdom(i.e.withtheDivineRevelationandtheQurn)andfairpreaching,andarguewiththeminaway
thatisbetter.
ThoughtheverseaddressestheProphet(peacebeuponhim),itgenerallyappliestothewholeUmmah,asAllahshowsinittheway
andlevelsofDa`wah(callingpeopletoIslam).Thus,theDuàh(callerstoIslam,sing.Daìyah)shouldundertakethecalltoAllah's
WaystrictlyinthewayoutlinedbyAllah,whethertheinvitedpersonisabelieveroradisbeliever,withtheexceptionofstubbornand
wrongdoingones(sinceproofshavealreadybeenindicatedaboveaboutthepermissibilityofassumingharshnessandstrictnesswhen
treatingsuchpersons,withinthelimitsofIslamicShariàh).
However,thewriterclaimsthat"AMuslimisnotallowedtoassumerigororstrictnessinhissayingsordeeds,sinceheisnot
authorizedorentrustedbytheauthorityentitledtodoso.Allthathecandoistorepudiatewhatheseesasanevilfromhisheart,
whichistheleast(form)ofFaithfortheonewhoisnotinauthority."
However,thisisasuperficialgeneralizationandamanifesterrorasexposedthroughtheprecedingpoint,sinceallcallerstoAllah's
Way,whethertheyaregovernmentofficialsorvolunteers,arerequiredtoassumetheSharìwayintheirDa`wahandtheyshould
avoidharshnessandrigorinwordsanddeeds,exceptwhennecessaryaswasindicatedabove.
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Thewriter'swords,however,givetheimpressionthattheoppositeistrue.
GuidingthewritertothemeansofDa`wahasdrawnbytheShariàh
Again,hisclaimthat"Allthathecandoistorepudiate..."isaclearmistake.
Thecorrectstanceisthatthethreestagesofrepudiationarepermissibleforauthorizedaswellasnonauthorizedpersons.Theyonly
differintheircapacity,fortheoneauthorizedbythegovernmentismorecapablethanothers.Besides,repudiationbytheheartisthe
leastformofFaithfortheoneincapableofrepudiationbyeitherhandortongue,behean(authorized)officialoravolunteer.Thisis
inlinewiththenobleHadithandwiththeprerequisitesofSharìrules.
Inaddition,hisclaimthat"adoptionofharshnessandrigorcouldonlybeadmissibleandacceptableinacommunityoranUmmah
wherenogovernmentbodiesundertakesuchaduty.Yet,ifsuchbodiesareavailable,thentheindividualsarenotallowedtoassume
sucharule,sinceitisthenalreadyassumedbyestablishedgovernmentauthorities",isunequivocallydisputabletoo.Moreover,the
approachadoptedbythewriterisnotscientificanddoesnotconformtoSharìevidencebecausecallingtoAllah'sWayandteaching
peoplethatwhichtheyknownotofHisShariàhshouldnotbeintroducedinsuchaway.Rather,itshouldbeintroducedthrough
exhortationandinducement,especiallyamongnationsandcommunitiesinneedofit,forcallingandinvitingsuchpeopletowhatthey
arerequiredtoembraceofAllah'sLaw,includingthingsassignedforrulersandscholarsislimitedtowhatlieswithintheirscope.
Thus,howcansuchagreatthingbeexpressedinthewordsofthewriter,namely,thatitcouldbeadmissibleandacceptable?
Refutationofthewriter'sclaimandelaborationontherulesof
enjoininggoodandforbiddingevil
Asforhisclaimthat"Yet,ifsuchbodiesareavailable,thenitisneitherinevitablenoracceptableonthepartofthe
individualstoassumesucharule,sinceifgovernmentauthoritiesandbodieshaveperformedthetaskofDa`wahand
enjoinmentofgoodanddisavowalofevil,thenthevolunteers'participationwithitinperformingsuchataskishighly
commendableandlegallyinevitable.Suchparticipationisinlinewiththeruleofcooperationingoodandrighteousness
andisaformofSharìJihadandworthyguidance.
Inshort,governmentalauthoritiesandbodieswouldhaveperformedthecollectiveobligation,andthus,participation
ofothersinperformingsuchanobligationbecomesaformofsupererogatoryandvoluntaryacts,whichisoneofthe
bestactsofworshipandthemostcherishedbyAllah(ExaltedbeHe).
Yet,ifgovernmentalauthoritiesandbodiesfailtoperformtheobligationinthebestway,others'participationwith
theminsuchanobligationbecomescompulsory,sincethecollectiveobligationisnotfulfilledbytheauthority.
Besides,legalproofsaffirmthatthecallforAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)Way,andenjoinmentofgoodandforbiddingofevil
areamongthecollectiveobligationswhich,ifperformedbyacertaingroup,therestofthecommunityareexempted
fromtheobligation,andthenparticipationoftherestofthecommunitybecomesasupererogatoryact.However,ifit
isnotperformedbyasufficientgroup,thewholecommunitybecomessinful.
Enjoinmentofgoodandforbiddingofevilareobligatoryonindividuals
Enjoinmentofgoodanddisavowalofevilcouldbeanindividualobligationfortheonewhowitnessestheevil,ifnoone
elsedisavowsitandifheiscapableofdoingso.Insuchacase,heisobligedtodisavowitaccordingtomanyproofs,
themostdirectofwhichistheProphet's(peacebeuponhim)saying, "Whoever,amongyou,seessomethingabominable
shouldrectifyitwithhishandandifhehasnotenoughstrengthtodoit,thenheshoulddoitwithhistongueandifhehasnot
enoughstrengthtodoit,(even)thenheshould(abhorit)fromhisheart,andthatistheleastofFaith." RelatedbyMusliminhis
"Sahih".
RejectingofevilactsbytheheartisobligatoryoneveryMuslimsinceitispossibleforall,throughrenunciationof
abomination,abhorrenceofitandseparationfromitspeopleuponinabilitytorectifyitwiththehandorthetongue.
ForAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Andwhenyou(Muhammad)seethosewhoengageinafalseconversation
aboutOurVerses(oftheQurn)bymockingatthem,stayawayfromthemtilltheyturntoanothertopic.AndifShaitn(Satan)
causesyoutoforget,thenaftertheremembrancesitnotyouinthecompanyofthosepeoplewhoaretheZlimn(polytheistsand
wrongdoers).
He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosaysinSurahAlNisa', AndithasalreadybeenrevealedtoyouintheBook(thisQurn)thatwhenyou
heartheVersesofAllhbeingdeniedandmockedat,thensitnotwiththem,untiltheyengageinatalkotherthanthat(butifyou
stayedwiththem)certainlyinthatcaseyouwouldbelikethem.
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Andthosewhodonotbearwitnesstofalsehood,andiftheypassbysomeevilplayoreviltalk,
theypassbyitwithdignity. Themeaningof"donotbearwitnesstofalsehood"impliesnotattendingit.
DemonstratingthemeaningofZur(Falsehood)andthereligiousrulingontheonecallingtoit
Zur(falsehood)includesallkindsofabomination,includingpolytheism,disbelief,festivitiesofpolytheists,
congregationsfordrinkingwineandsmoking,listeningtosongsandmusicalinstruments,watchingmoviesandsuch
kindsofabominations.ThismeaningisstatedbyAlHafizhIbnKathirwithinhisexplanationoftheversequotedabove.
Besides,AlBaghawy(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)mentionedasimilarexplanationwhenexplainingthesameverse.
HesaidthattheoriginofZurisvarnishingthingsandattributingfalsequalitiestothem.Thus,itisacoverupof
falsehoodinawaythatmakesitseemtobeatruth.Hence,theyembellishabominationsbygivingthemfalse
descriptionssothatpeoplewouldnotresistbutratherdesirethem.Thus,theonewhodoessobearsthesinofhis
actandthesinofcallingtoit.Stillamoresinfulactthanthisistocalltoitthroughwords.
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ItisauthenticallyreportedfromtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)thathesaid, "Ifanyonecallsotherstofollowright
guidance,hisrewardwillbeequivalenttothosewhofollowhim(inrighteousness)withouttheirrewardbeingdiminishedinany
respect,andifanyoneinvitesotherstofollowerror,thesin,willbeequivalenttothatofthepeoplewhofollowhim(insinfulness)
withouttheirpunishmentbeingdiminishedinanyrespect". Thismeaningissupportedbynumerousproofs.
Thewriter'sfabricationsaboutAllah
Asforthewriter'sclaim,"Iwaspleasedthatourreverendscholarsrenouncedsuchtrespassingonthosepeople's
part,andforbadethemtodoso,etc.",isdisputable.ItisalreadyacknowledgedthattheMuslimBrotherhoodintheir
Da`wahanddisavowalofabominationwouldascertainthelegalwayandtreatpeoplewithleniencyandwisdom.We
donotknowthattheyassumedofharshnessandrigorthatwhichobligesscholarstocondemnthemforit.Thus,Ido
notknowfromwherethewriterderivedthisreport.
Itisalsoquiteknownthatthereporterofanynewsshouldmakesureoftheauthenticityofwhathecitesand
spreadsamongpeople.Moreover,ifheissureofitsauthenticity,heisstillrequiredtoexaminewhetheritisofa
betterconsequencetodeclareitoritisbettertoleaveit.
Evenifthepresentreportwastrue,itisundoubtedlynottothebenefitofthepeopletospreaditamongthemorto
publishitinnewspapers,sincethisimpliesunderestimationofthecallerstothetruth,discouragingthem,encouraging
immoralpeopleinthefaceofthecallerstotruthatatimeinwhichthecallerstofalsehoodanddestructiveideologies
supportoneanotherincirculatingtheirfalsehoodanddeclaringtheirideologies.Thus,itistheHelpofAllah(alone)
thatweseek.
CheapinterpolationbeliedbytherealityoftheMuslimBrotherhood
Asforthewriter'sstatementsabouttheordealthattookplaceintheearlystagesofIslamandwhichresultedinthe
murderingofÙthman(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim),andabouttheconsequentdifferencebetweenthepeopleofAl
Sham(theLevant)andthepeopleofIraq,andsoon,
suchmattersareexaminedinthefieldofhistoryandareknowntoMuslimscholarsandothers.Besides,theenemies
ofIslamandtheignorantundoubtedlyplayaneffectiveroleinsuchfalsification.Again,theopinionofAhlulSunnah
Wal Jamaàhabouttheordealiswell known,namelytorefrainfrom(elaboratingon)whatoccurredamongthe
Companions(ofdisputes),toaskAllahtobepleasedwiththemall,andtobelievethattheypracticedIjtihad(juristic
efforttoinferexpertlegalrulings)inwhattheydidandthattheywereseekingthetruth.
Hence,theonewhowasintherightamongthemwouldbetwicerewarded,whilethemistakenonewouldbe
rewardedonce,asisindicatedinthenobleauthenticHadith.
Whatmatterforusherearetwopoints,
oneofwhichisthewriter'sfearthatitcouldbethatthemembersoftheMuslimBrotherhooddidwhattheydidunder
theinfluenceofasecretcriminalgroup.
A : Indeed,theonewhoknowstheMuslimBrotherhoodandwhoiswellacquaintedwiththeircondition,would
certainlyrealizethattheyarefarfromsuchheinousaccusationandmistrust.Besides,itisobligatoryontheMuslimto
thinkwellofhisfellowMuslimsandtoredressanymistakesthatoccur(ontheirpart)throughthelegalwaysthat
construct,notdestroy,encouragetheright,notsuppressit,maintainthetruthandrefutefalsehood.Thus,heshould
notmistrustthem,helpinsmotheringtheirDa`wah,calumniatethem,encouragethefollowersoffalsehood(intheir
struggle)againstthem,andinstigatetherulerstostoptheirmovementinconformitywithAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)
saying,
Oyouwhobelieve!Avoidmuchsuspicionindeedsomesuspicionsaresins. Besides,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)said,
'Bewareofsuspicion,foritistheworstoffalsetales. .
Agravemistakebecauseofblindimitation
ThesecondpointishisdescriptionofKa`bAlAhbarinimitationofsomeoflatecriticsasbeingaJewwhofeigned
Islamto(freely)conspireagainstitandtocorruptitsfollowers.
A : ThisdisagreeswiththewellknowninformationreportedbyMuslimscholarsandtransmittersofreports.Forthe
scholarsofHadithreportedfromhim,whileMuàwiyah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)andmanyrighteousSalaf
praisedhim.
Moreover,Muslimrelatedfromhiminhis"Sahih",whileAlBukharimentionedhiminhisbook,"AlJamiÀlSahih"without
raisinganysuspicionabouthim.Also,AlHafizhIbnHajarreferredtohimin"AlIsabahandinAlTahdhib",andIbnAlAthir
referredtohimin"UsdAlGhabah"withouthurlinganyaccusationsathim.
Inaddition,AlHafizhIbnHajarstatedin"TaqribAlTahdhib""Ka`bibnMatiÀlHimyari,AbuIshaqknownasKa`bAlAhbar,
wasaThiqah(trustworthy)narratorfromthepeopleofYemenwhodwelledinAlSham(TheLevant).Helivedthrough
paganismandIslam,anddiedduringthecaliphateofÙthman(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)".So,howcananyonewho
fearsAllahandkeepshisdutytoHimaccuseaperson,whodeclaredIslam,calledtoitandtookpartinwhatthe
Companionsdid,ofbeingaJew,withnowarrantorargumentsupportingsuchaclaim?
ItisauthenticallyreportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)warnedtheMuslimsagainstvilifyingeachother,and
informedusthattheonewhofalselyaccuseshisfellowbrotherofsomething,therevilerwouldthenbeworthierof
thehurledoffensivetraitthantheonereviled.
Moreover,thefactthathereportedsomestrangeIsraelitenarrations(fromtheJews)doesnotjustifyaccusinghim
ofbeingaJeworofplottingagainstIslam,sincetheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, ReportfromtheChildrenofIsrael www.ircpk.com
asthereisnorestriction(inthat) .
Ontheotherhand,MuslimscholarshavescrutinizedthereportsoftheChildrenofIsraelanddisprovedandrefutedofit
whateveropposedthetruth.Thus,Ka`binthisregardresemblesÀbdullahibnÀmr,ÀbdullahibnSalam,Wahb,and
othersofthosewhotransmittedthereportsoftheChildrenofIsrael.
JustasitisimpermissibletoaccuseÀbdullahibnÀmribnAlÀs(mayAllahbepleasedwiththem)ofbeingaJewbecause
hetransmittedmuchfromthereportsoftheChildrenofIsraelthatwereinthetwoloadsheseizedonthedayofAl
Yarmukoftheir(Jews')books,thusitisimpermissibletoaccuseKa`bofbeingaJeworofplottingagainstIslamduetothe
samereason.
ItisalsoimpermissibletosethimsidebysidewithÀbdullahibnSaba'andthelikesofwellknowndisbelievers,atheists,
andplottersagainstIslam.
ItisnarratedintheTwoSahihBooks(i.e.AlBukhariandMuslim)fromAbuDhar(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)that
theProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Hewhobrandsanotherasdisbelieverorsaystohim"OenemyofAllah",whileinfacthe
isnotso,itcertainlyreboundsonhim .
ThisHadithandotherswiththesamemeaningmakeitanobligationthattheMuslimascertaininjudgingpeopleandbe
carefulnottoslanderhisfellowMuslimsonthemeregroundsofsuspicionortheblindimitationofunreliablepersons.
Indeed,itisAllah(alone)WhoseHelpweseek.
Agravefabrication,ridiculeoftheDuàh,anddenunciationoffulfillmentofobligations
Then,thewriterwenton,"Ibelievethatmanisanenemyofthatwhichheknowsnot(afamousproverb).So,
precedingournewconsciousnessandenlightenmentontherealityofnewscientificinnovations,wewouldshrinkfrom
andcondemntheapplicationofthem".Then,hereferredtotheemploymentofcars,planes,androckets,andadded,
"Since,wehavecometoknow,perceive,makesureofthebenefitsofallthese(things),andthattheydonotinvolve
disagreementwiththereligion,whydosuchnaiveanddeceivedpeopleopposeit?Whydotheythentravelfromone
countrytoanother(bysuchmeansoftransportations),sincetheycondemnandtrytoavoidutilizingthem[i.e.cars,
planes,etc.Trans.]?"
Undoubtedly,thosewhoreadandanalyzesuchwordswillperceivethattheMuslimBrotherhood,whomthewriter
aimedatcriticizing,innowaycondemnsuchmoderninnovations,ofcars,planes,wirelesstechnology,andthelikes.It
isalsoquiteknownthattheMuslimBrotherhoodmembersinnowayrejectorfindfaultwithanyofthese.Rather,
theythemselvesutilizesuchmeanstheytravelbycarandplaneandusewirelesstelephones.So,whatisitthat
drovethewritertoweavesuchagravefabricationandfallintosuchaheinouspitfall?
Thus,Ileaveittothereadertoanswerthisquestion,andIaskAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)tosafeguardus
againstpersonalvaindesiresandagainstthestepsofSatan.
RegardingtheirtraveltodifferentcountriesforDa`wahandguidance,itisaworthytask,forwhichtheyshouldbe
praisedandthanked.Itisnotacauseofwondermentandcondemnation.Itonlyraiseswondersincealmostallpeople
haveneglectedthisnoblemission,whichisthewayofthemessengersandtheirfollowers.Yet,itisnotacauseof
wondermentthatresultsincondemnation,vituperation,ormistrust.
Ontheotherhand,thewriter'sdescriptionofthemas"deceived"isimproper,sincetheyareindeedfarabovesucha
description,whileitisthewriterwhoisworthierofit,sincetheMuslimBrothersthankstoAllahareneither
deceivednorinfluencedbyadestructivemovement.Moreover,theyarenotworkingforavilepurpose,astheir
purposeisnoble,theirworkispraiseworthy,andtheirmotivationisthe(questforthe)truth,zealforit,fearforthe
Muslimsagainsttheconsequenceofspreadingofabominationsandfailuretoredressthem.Indeed,thedeceived
personishewho(outofmistrust)thinksthemtobethecontrary.
However,IhopehisdescriptionoftheMuslimBrothersandhisprecedingdescriptionoftheCompanionsas"naive"
withinhisdiscussionabouttheprejudicedandgreedyenemiesofIslam,doesnotimplydepreciation.For,thisis
indicatedbythecontextinwhichhejuxtaposedthedescriptionofthemas"naive"withhisdescriptionofthemas
"deceived",inawaythatdenotesthat"naive"impliesnegligence,dimwittedness,andheedlessnessaboutthe
consequencesofmatters.Suchisthefamousapproachofsomemodernwriters.Ihopethepresentwriterdoesnot
intendthesamemeaning,eventhoughhiswordshintatit.WeaskAllahtopardonusandhim,andtograntusall
sincererepentanceofourmistakesandsins.HeisindeedtheBestofallthoseasked.
Overtcontradiction
Thewriterthenadded,"Ofcourse,IamnotentitledtogiveFatwa,andIamnotqualifiedtodoso,
forthisisthespecializationofourreverendscholarswhocondemnedtheworkofthosedeceivedandnaive
(persons)".
Well,wesaytohim,"SinceyouknowthatyouarenotcompetenttogiveFatwa,whythendoyouissueFatwasallthe
waythrough?Surely,ifyouponderonyourwords,youwouldrealizethatyouissuedseveralmisguidedFatwas.
Indeed,itisoneofthemortalsinstogiveFatwawithnoknowledge.ForsuchFatwasleadmanypeopleastrayand
resultintheruinofmanyothers,especiallywhentheyarepublicallydeclaredandwhenthisisdonebyapersonabout
whompeoplearedeceived.Thiscouldresultinseriousdangerandevilconsequences.Besides,theonewhogives
Fatwawithnoknowledgeincursthesinsofthosewhofollowhim(i.e.hisFatwas),asitisreportedfromtheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)thathesaid, HewhoissuesFatwaswithouthavingsoundreligiousknowledgewillbeartheburden(guilt)of
theonetowhomheissuedaFatwa. .
ItisalsoauthenticallyreportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Hewhoinvitesotherstofollowanaberration, www.ircpk.com

hewillincursinsequivalenttothoseofthepeoplewhofollowhim(insinfulness),withouttheirsinsbeingdiminishedinanyrespect".
.
Ontheotherhand,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)regardedasgravetheissuingofFatwaswhichisnotgrounded
onsoundreligiousknowledge,andwarnedHisSlavesagainstit,showingthatitisanactofSatan.He(ExaltedbeHe)
s a y s , Say(OMuhammad):"(But)thethingsthatmyLordhasindeedforbiddenareAlFawhish(greatevilsins
andeverykindofunlawfulsexualintercourse)whethercommittedopenlyorsecretly,sins(ofallkinds),unrighteousoppression,
joiningpartners(inworship)withAllhforwhichHehasgivennoauthority,andsayingthingsaboutAllhofwhichyouhaveno
knowledge."
He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays, Omankind!Eatofthatwhichislawfulandgoodontheearth,andfollownotthefootstepsof
Shaitan(Satan).Verily,heistoyouanopenenemy. He[Shaitn(Satan)]commandsyouonlywhatisevilandFahsh(sinful),and
thatyoushouldsayagainstAllhwhatyouknownot.
Second,weaskthewriter,"WhoamongreveredscholarscondemnedtheworkoftheMuslimBrothers?"
Wehavealreadystatedinthebeginningofthepresentstatementthatasfarasweknownoneofthescholars
knownfortheir(religious)zealandmeticulousnesscondemnedtheirwork.Rather,itisknownthatreveredscholars
maintainandassistthem,thankthemfortheirgoodworkandaskAllahtograntthemsuccessandguidance.Besides,
howcouldreveredscholarscondemncallingtoAllah'sWay,guidingpeopletoobeyHim,andexhortingthemto
performprayerincongregation,orcondemndisapprovingofthosewhoneglectthis.Suchsplendiddeedscouldnever
bedenouncedbyanyonewhobelievesinAllahandtheLastDayandwhohasknowledgeaboutthecalltoAllah'sWay
andtheenjoinmentofgoodandrejectionofevil,nottomentionareveredscholar.So,weseekrefugewithAllah
againstsayingsomethingaboutHimoraboutHisslaveswithnoknowledge.WeseekrefugewithHimagainstslipsof
thetongueandevildeeds.
Forhowgraveisthesinincurredbythewriteruponhimselfanduponthosewhocouldbemisledbyhiswords!How
heinousissuchanoffense!
Acknowledgmentoftruthandsubsequentdeviation(fromit)
Next,thewriteradded,"Yet,IsaythatthereligionprohibitssolidstatuesandthelikeswiththeaimofSaddul
Dhara'i`(blockingthemeansleadingtosins)andinfearofthereturntoworshipofidols,aswasthecaseinearly
Jahiliyyah(thepreIslamictimeofignorance)andasisthecasewithidolatrousnationstoday.
Besides,ifitisourdutyasaconservativeMuslimUmmahtofightlewdandobscenepicturesforfearthattheycould
taintourtraditionsandmorality,whatistheargumentofthosewhorenouncereflexiveshadowypictures(photos)
thatinnowaydifferfromthereflectionofthemirror?Again,whatisthedifferencebetweenthesereflexive
shadowy,mirrorlikephotos
employedinnewspapers,magazines,exhibitions,homes,andcinemas,andbetweensimilarpictureswirelessly
transmittedthroughTV?AsIsaidinaprecedingarticlethatTVdisplaysonlywhatistransmittedofgoodorbad
matter,andweinthesesacredcountriesarecapableofchoosingwhatisgoodandbeneficialtobroadcast,suchas
pureeducational,historical,andentertainingmatterthroughwhichwecanpreservesocietyagainsttheevilsof
leisure,gossip,andtrivialsayingsanddeeds."(Endofquote)
A:OurreplytosuchanargumentisthatthewriterdidwellwhenheadmittedthatIslamprohibitssolidstatuesand
thelikeswiththeaimofSadd ul Dhara'iàndinfearofthereturntoworshipofidols,aswasthecaseinearly
Jahiliyyah(thepre Islamictimeofignorance)andasisthecasewithidolatrousnationstoday.Therearemany
authenticHadithcorroboratingthemeaningreferredtobythewriterthatwerereportedfromtheProphet(peacebe
uponhim),ontheprohibitionandpreventionofstatues,cursingsculptors,anddeclaringthemtheonesreceivingthe
severestpunishmentontheDayofJudgmenttheywouldbepunishedonthatday,anditwouldbesaidtothem"Give
lifetowhatyouhadcreated".
ItisproventhroughQur'anicverses,Hadith,andreportsthatthereasonofaberrationonthepartofthePeopleofNuh
wasstatues,asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says, "Andtheyhavesaid:Youshallnotleaveyourgods:norshallyouleaveWadd,nor
S u w , norYaghth,norYa qnorNasr (thesearethenamesoftheiridols). "Andindeedtheyhaveledmanyastray.And(O
Allh): GrantnoincreasetotheZlimn(polytheists,wrongdoers,anddisbelievers)saveerror." Becauseoftheirsinstheywere
drowned,thenweremadetoentertheFire.AndtheyfoundnonetohelptheminsteadofAllh.
Itisalsoauthenticallyreported fromtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)thatoneofhiswivesmadeamentionbeforehimofa
churchwhichshehadseeninAbyssinia(Ethiopia)andwhichhadpicturesinit.Hethensaid,"Whenapiouspersonamongstthem
(amongthereligiousgroups)diedtheywouldbuild
aplaceofworshiponhisgrave,andwouldthendecorateitwithsuchpictures.TheywouldbetheworstofcreaturesintheSightof
Allah Indeed,therearenumerousHadithsonthismeaning.
Thus,itbecomesclearthatleniencytowardssellingtheminthemarkets,settingtheminofficesanddepartments,andthelike,are
amongthemajorcausesofpolytheism,oftheactsofJiahiliyyah,andacharacteristicoftheworstofcreaturesintheSightofAllah.
Therefore,itisobligatoryonallofficialsinIslamiccountriestoeliminatesuchstatues,drive(people)awayfromthem,prevent
importingthem,anddemolishwhateverexistsoftheminanyplaceinobediencetoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andHisMessenger(peacebe
uponhim)andoutofwardingofftheirevilconsequences.
Thewriteralsodidwellwhenhesaid,"IfitisourdutyasaconservativeMuslimUmmahtofightlewdandobscenepicturesforfear
thattheycouldtaintourtraditionsandmorality..."
Sure,hedidwellbyAllah,anditisindeedobligatoryonusandonofficialsinallIslamicgovernmentstofightsuchobscenepictures www.ircpk.com
thathaveinvadedtheIslamiccountriesfromeverywhereandbecomewidespreadamongouryoungmenandwomenineveryplace,
exceptfortheplaceswhichAllahwilledtopreserve.Hence,itisthedutyoftherulerstofightthemandtobanthenewspapersand
booksthatadvertisethemamongthepeople.Likewise,allnewspapersandbooksconveyingallkindsofatheism,subversion,andcalls
fordissociationfrommorality,andvirtueshouldbebanned.Inaddition,therulersshouldchargeadministrativegovernorsandsecurity
officialsincooperationwiththecommitteesforthepropagationofvirtueandthepreventionofvice(CPVPV)witheliminationof
suchdestructivetoolsandlethalmethodsthatthreatenourreligionandmorality.MayAllahguidethemtomaintainHisReligion,
protectHisShariàh,andsupportwhoeverundertakessuchataskHeisindeedAbletodoeverything.
IssuingFatwasaboutpictureswithnoknowledge
Asforthewritersaying:"Whatistheargumentofthosewhorenouncereflexiveshadowypictures(photos)thatinnowaydifferfrom
thereflectionofthemirror?..."
A : ThisisaFatwagivenbythewriterhimselfwhichcomparesaphotographtothereflectionofpicturesinthemirror.Undoubtedly,
theFatwaindicateslackofknowledgeaboutSharìevidencethepointwhichisadmittedbythewriterhimselfashesaidthatheis
neitherentitledtogivefatwanorisqualifiedtodoso.WhythendoeshemayAllahguidehimgiveFatwaandenactaconclusive
rulingwithno(soundreligious)knowledge?
Healsomadeamistakeinequating(thetwokindsofpictures)andindrawingtheanalogyfromtwoperspectivesoneofwhichis
thatthephotographdoesnotresembletheimagereflectedinthemirror,sincetheformerkeepsa(solid)formandremainstobe
tempting.
Theimagereflectedinthemirror,however,istemporaryanditdisappearswhenthemainobjectmovesawayfromthecompassof
themirror.Suchisindeedanundisputedfact.
Thesecondperspective,however,isthattheHadithreportedfromtheinfallible(i.e.theProphet,peacebeuponhim)absolutely
prohibitedpictures,andstatedthatanythingsimilartoaphotographisprohibited,suchasthepicturesonclothesandwalls.
ItisalsoauthenticallyreportedfromtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)inmanyHadithsthatwhenhesawatÀishah's(room)acurtain
onwhich(picturesof)idols(weredrawn),hegettingangrytoreitandsaid, thepeoplewhowillreceivetheseverestpunishment
fromAllahontheDayofJudgmentwillbethepicturemakers.
AccordingtoanotherHadith,hesaid, Themakersofthesepictures... referringtothepicturesonclothes, willbetorturedonthe

DayofJudgment.Itwillbesaidtothem,Givelifetowhatyouhadcreated. .
Itisproventhathe(peacebeuponhim) wipedoutthepicturesthatwereonthewallsofAlKa`bahontheDayoftheConquest
Theirreligiousrulingissimilartothatapplyingtophotographs.Evenifweassumethatthephotograph
issimilartotheimagereflectedinthemirror,theanalogyisstillinvalid,sinceitisestablishedinthepurifiedShariàhthatnoanalogy
isallowedifthereisa(religious)text(givingaruling)aboutit.Rather,analogyisadmissibleonlywhenthetextislacking,asisquite
knownforscholarsofUsulandforallscholarsingeneral.
TheHadithquotedbythosewhoviewtheuseofpicturesallowableandtheanswertoit
AsforwhatwasreportedfromtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)thathesaid, TheAngelsdonotenterahousewhereinthereisa
picture,excepttheprintsuponcloth ThisHadithisindisputablyauthentic.Itisquotedbythosewhoviewasallowable(theuseof)
photographs.
Theanswertosuchaclaiminvolvesdifferentperspectivesthatrunasfollows..
First:TheHadithonprohibitionofmakingpictures,thecurseonthepicturemakers,andthestatementthattheywillreceivethe
severestpunishmentontheJudgmentDayarecategorical.Theyinvolvenorestrictionorexception.Thus,theyshouldbeadoptedand
theirgeneralizationshouldbeacknowledged.
TheyalsoincludethenarrationthatwhentheProphet(peacebeuponhim)sawpicturessimilartophotographs,namelythose
printedoncurtainsandwalls,heflushedwithanger,commandedthemtobetorn,andwipedoutthepicturesthatwereonthewalls.
Rather,hehimselfundertookthetaskofwipingthemoutwhenhesawthemonthewallsofAlKa`bah,asisreferredtoabove.
AdifferentperspectiveisthatthementionedexceptioncameonlywithinthecontextofversesindicatingtheAngels'abstinence
fromenteringthehousewhereintherearepictures,whileitwasnotmentionedwithinthecontextoftheHadithprohibitingmaking
pictures.Howgreatisthedifferencebetweenbothcases!
Moreover,hissaying, ...exceptaprintonagarment. shouldbetakentorefertosculpturesthatarenotpictures,ortopicturesof

bodieswithheadsdisfiguredoromitted,orpicturesonclothworeoutincommonservice,suchasthatusedinmakingpillows,mats,
andthelike,whichisnothungorraisedlikecurtainsbydoorsandwalls,andonclothes.Surely,
authenticHadithareexplicitasregardstheprohibitionofallthisandasregardstheAngels'abstinencefromenteringthehouses
whereintheyareasindicatedintheHadithnarratedbyÀishah,AbuHurayrahandotherCompanions.
Accordingly,reconciliationbetweentheHadithbecomesclear.Wecometoknowthattheexceptionisintroducedwithinthecontextof
HadithindicatingAngels'abstinencefromenteringthehousesinwhichtherearepictures.Thus,werealizethatitdenotesdisfigured
picturesdrawnonpillows,sheets,andthelike,orpicturesofheadlessbodies.MayAllahgrantussuccess.
Scholars'conciliationamongHadithonpicturesinawaythatremovesambiguity
A lHafizhIbnHajar(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)reconciledin"AlFath",andAlNawawyin"SharhMuslim"amongtherelated
Hadithinthewayjustelaboratedabove.Herearequotesfromthemandfromotherscholarsontheissuethatclarifythetruthand
removeambiguity.Indeed,AllahistheGuidetotheStraightPathHe(Alone)isSufficientforus,andHeistheBestDisposerofaffairs www.ircpk.com
(forus).
A lHafizhreportedin"AlFath"thatAlKhattabysaid,"ThepicturethatkeepstheAngelsfromenteringahomewhereitisthereinis
thatwhichisforbiddentobeacquired,oftherepresentationsofanythingendowedwithlife,whicharenotbeheadedandwornoutin
commonservice".(Endofquote)
A lKhattaby(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)alsosaid,"Thepunishmentofthepicturemakerisaggravatedbecauseallthepictures
wereworshippedbesidesAllahlookingatitisluringandsomesoulsareinclinedtoit",
w h i l e A lNawawy(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)saidin"SharhMuslim","Prohibitionofpicturingisrestrictedtopicturinganimals
andpicturesnotwornoutincommonservicesuchasthoseonthingsusedasmatsandthelikeandthatAngelsdonotentera
houseinwhichthereisapictureoradog".
Ourfellowscholarsaswellasotherscholarssaid,"Picturingtheimagesofanimalsisquiteforbidden.Itisoneofthemajorsins
becauseitispromisedtoincurseverepunishmentthroughHadith.Itisbyallmeansprohibited,whetheritbemadeofelementsworn
outincommonserviceorofanythingelse,andmerelymakingit,whetheritismadeonclothing,mats,coins,urns,wallsorthelike.
Asforpicturingtreesandcamelsaddlebagsandthelikepicturesotherthananimals,itisnotprohibited.
Thisisthesamereligiousrulingonthemakingofpicturesitself.
However,acquiringthingsonwhichthepicturesofanimalsaredrawnrequiresfurtherelaborationifitishungonwallsorondresses
orthelike,itisnotconsideredtobewornoutincommonservice,andinturnitisprohibited.
Yet,ifitiswovenonfloorcoverings,pillows,cushions,andthelikeofthingswornoutincommonservice,itisnotprohibited".The
discussiongoesonuntilhesays,"Thereisnodifferenceinallthisbetweenthingsthathaveashadowandthingsthathaveno
shadow.SuchisthesummaryofourMadhhab(opinion)ontheissue".
Wordstothesameeffectweregivenbythemajorityofscholars,oftheCompanions,theTabiùn(Followers,thegenerationafterthe
CompanionsoftheProphet),andthosewhofollowedthem.ItisalsotheopinionofAlThawry,Malik,AbuHanifahandothers.
Moreover,someSalaf(righteouspredecessors)prohibited(acquisitionof)imagesthathaveashadowwhiletheydeemedpermissible
imagesthathavenoshadow.Indeed,thisisaninvalidopinion,sincethepicturesonthecurtainwhichtheProphet(peacebeupon
him)denouncedareundoubtedlydisownedthoughtheyproducenoshadow,nottomentionotherHadithaboutthecategorical
prohibitionofpictures."
A lHafizh,aftersumminguptheopinionofAlNawawy,said,"Thegeneralizationcoveringpicturesthathaveashadowandthosethat
donothaveshadowsiscorroboratedbytheHadithnarratedbyAhmadfromÀly(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)said, Whoofyouwould(liketo)headforMadinah,andleavenoidolinitexceptthathebreaksit,noranimage
exceptthatheblotsitout?
Thenarrationincludesthefollowingaddition, "Whoeverremakethesethings(idols)willbedisbelievinginwhatwasrevealedto
Muhammad(peacebeuponhim)''.
ItremainsformetoaddthatitisalreadymentionedabovethattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)blottedouttheimagesthathadbeen
onthewallsofAlKa`bah,thoughtheyhadnoshadow.
Furthermore,Muslimnarratedinhis"Sahih"fromÀly(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)saidto
him, Sparenoportraitunwipedout,andleavenotahighgraveunleveled.'' .
Thisappliestoallpictures,whetherornottheyhaveashadow.
Thisrulingisunequivocallyunobjectionable.Afterall,itisAllah(alone)WhoseHelpweseekandinWhomwetrust.Thereisnomight
orpowerexceptwithAllah,andweaskHim(ExaltedbeHe)tograntusandalltheMuslimssuccessinthatwhichpleasesHimandto
preserveusagainstthemeansofHisWrathHeisindeedAllHearerofinvocation.
AsforTelevision,itisadangerousinstrumentwhoseharmfulinfluenceisasseriousasthatoftheCinema,orevenmore.Wealready
knowfromtheworksdiscussingitandfromthewordsofknowledgeablepeople(ofitseffect)inArabiancountriesandothersthatitis
dangerousandthatitnegativelyinfluencescreedandmorals,anddisturbstheconditionsofsociety.Thisoccursthroughenactmentof
loosemorals,displayingnudity,givingvoicetodestructiveirreligioussermonsandarticles,urgingimitationofdisbelieversintheir
mannersandcostume,aggrandizementoftheirchiefsandleaders,indifferencetothemoralsoftheMuslimsandtotheirstyleof
dress,andcontemptofMuslimscholarsandheroes.
ItinvolvesrepresentationofMuslimscholarsandheroesinrepulsiveimagesthatentaildespisingthemanddrivingawayfromtheir
biographies,andalsorepresentationofthewaysofcunningness,deception,plundering,theft,brewingconspiraciesandaggression
againstpeople.
Undoubtedly,suchaninstrumentthatentailsallwaysofcorruptionmentionedaboveshouldbeproscribed,andthemeansleadingtoit
shouldbeblocked.Thus,ifthevolunteeringMuslimBrothersrenounceitandwarnagainstit,theycannotbeblamedforit,sincewhat
theydoisaformofadviceforthesakeofAllahandHisSlaves.
However,hewhothinksthatthisinstrumentifcensoredcouldbefreeofsuchevilsorcouldbroadcastonlywhatpromotespublic
good,hewouldbeseekingadeferredhopeandcommittingaseriousmistakebecausethecensorsometimesbecomesheedlessand
becausepeopletodaymostlyimitatewesternersandfollowtheirfootstepsasregardsemploymentofthisinstrument.Thisisalso
becausecensorsscarcelyperformtheirduties,especiallyinthepresenterainwhichmostpeoplehaveinclinedtowardsdiversionand
triflesandtowardsallthatdetersfromguidance.Besides,realitytestifiestosuchnegligence,asisthecasewithradioandtelevision
stationsinsomecountries,forbothcouldnotapplyenoughcensorshiptoprecludetheharmfulinfluenceofsuchinstruments.Weask
Allahtoguideourgovernmentstothatwhichleadstogood,salvationandhappinessofourUmmahinthisworldandintheHereafter.
WealsoaskHimtoprovideuprightretinueforthesegovernmentsandtohelpthemcontrolsuchinstruments,sothattheywould www.ircpk.com
broadcastonlywhatbenefitspeopleintheirreligionandworldlylifeHeisindeedtheMostBountifulandMostGenerous.
Hence,wecometotheendofourdiscussionregardingthemistakesofthewriterinanattempttoadviseforthesakeofAllahandfor
HisSalves.WeaskAllah(ExaltedbeHe)toguideus,thewriter,andtherestoftheMuslimstounderstandingofthereligionandofall
thatbenefitsourreligionandworldlylifeHeisindeedabletodoeverything.MaythePeaceandBlessingsofAllahbeuponHisSlave
andMessenger,Muhammad,hisfamily,andhisCompanions.
www.ircpk.com

Islamicrulingonthosewhorenouncepolygyny
IntheNameofAllah.PeaceandblessingsbeuponAllah'sMessenger.
IhavereviewedthearticlepublishedinAlYamamahmagazine,issuedated18RabiÀwwal,1385A.H.
entitled"Theproblemoftheweek",andreadwhatwaswrittenbyMr.NasiribnÀbdullahinofferingsolutionfor
theproblemofsisterM.A.L.referredtointheissueof11RabiÀwwal,1385A.H.,underthetitle,
Takemetolight
IalsoreadwhatwaswrittenbyIbnAlSurahonsolvingthesameproblem.Thus,Idiscoveredthatwhatwas
writtenbyMr.Nasirwasagoodsolutionthatconformstotherightandshouldbeadoptedbythesister
experiencingtheproblem.Sheshouldadheretogoodmanners,noblecharacter,andgracefulpatience,and
thus,shewouldovercomeallthedifficultiesandwouldseegoodconsequences.
Iftheharmshesuffersandinjusticesheundergoesatthehandofherhusband,sheshouldgently,amiably,
andpatientlyaskhimtosetmattersfairly.Wewishshecouldrealizeherrequestandstayhomewithher
husband,forthisisnearesttojusticeinshaaAllah(ifAllahwills).
Yet,iftheharmisinflictedbyhercowife(inpolygyny),thenthehusbandshouldpreventharmprovidinga
separateplaceforthewrongedwifewiththenecessarymaintenanceandfindingafemalecompanionforher
ifshecannotstayathomealone.Thehusbandshouldalsobeobjective,seekfairness,andkeepawayfrom
allformsofharmotherwiseandincasenoneofhisrelativesorfriendscouldsolvetheproblemshehas
nothinglefttodobuttotakethemattertocourt.
Beforethat,however,sheshouldsupplicatetoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andsincerelyaskHimtorelieveherof
herdistress,facilitateheraffairs,andguideherhusbandandcowifetowhatisrightandfair.
Sheshouldalsoreconsiderhercondition,adoptrighteousnessandrepenttoherLord(ExaltedbeHe)ofher
negligencetowardsherselfandherhusband,fordistressesonlybefallslavesbecauseofthesinstheyearn,
asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Andwhateverofmisfortunebefallsyou,itisbecauseofwhatyourhandshaveearned.AndHe
pardonsmuch.(SeetheQurnVerse35:45). He(ExaltedbeHe)says, Whateverofgoodreachesyou,isfromAllh,but
whateverofevilbefallsyou,isfromyourself.
AsforthesolutionofferedbyIbnAlSurahfortheproblem,itisasolutionofferedbyapersonwhoisignorant
oftheShariàhanditsrulings.Infact,heneedstobeledtothelightanddirectedtowhatisrightashehas
fallenintoamoredangerousandmoredismalproblemthanthatbefallingthecomplainingwife.Sucha
problemisnothingotherthanhisdisapprovalofpolygynyandallegationthatitisaseriousdiseasethat
shouldbefoughtbyallmeansleadingtothecontrolofthisinveteratevicethatthreatensthestabilityofour
society.Hefurthercalleduponthegovernmenttoproscribeit.
Healsoallegedthattheonewhoseekstopracticepolygynyisanignorantpersonandweshouldcooperate
inpreventinghimfromfulfillinghisbestialdesiresandinrootingoutthismalady.
Hefurtherclaimedthatwheneverpolygynyispracticedinafamily,thatfamilywouldcertainlyendupin
disunionandadversity,andsoon.
IbelievethesewordscouldnotbeissuedbyanyonewhobelievesinAllahandtheLastDay,
andknowsthattheGloriousQur'anandthePurifiedSunnahhavepermittedpolygyny,andtheMuslims
concurredonitslawfulness.So,howcanaMuslimdisapproveoftheQur'anicstatementofitspermissibility,
asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says, thenmarry(other)womenofyourchoice,twoorthree,orfourbutifyoufearthatyoushall
notbeabletodealjustly(withthem),thenonlyoneor(theslaves)thatyourrighthandspossess.Thatisnearertopreventyoufrom
doinginjustice.
Thus,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)haspermittedHisSlavesthroughthisversetomarrywomenoftheirchoice,two
orthreeorfour,ontheconditionofjustice.However,thisignorantpersonallegesthatpolygynyisaserious
diseaseandaninveteratemaladythatdisunitesthefamilyanddisturbsitsstability,andthenshouldbe
fought.Healsoallegesthattheonewhoseekstopracticepolygynyissimilartoananimal.Thisisaheinous
claimthatimpliesbelittlementofthosewhomarrytwoormorewomen,ontopofwhomistheMasterof
humansandtheJinn,Muhammad(peacebeuponhim).
TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)practicedpolygamyhehadninewivesatthesametime.Yet,Allah
benefitedtheUmmahthroughthosewivesandtheyconveyedbeneficialknowledge,goodmorals,andnoble www.ircpk.com
manners.
ProphetsDawudandSulayman(i.e.DavidandSolomon,peacebeuponthem)practicedpolygamytheyhad
manywivesatthesametime,bytheWillofAllahandthroughhisLegislation.
ManyoftheCompanionsoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)andofthosewhograciouslyfollowedthem
practicedpolygynytoo.
Ifpolygamyisaccompaniedbyobservanceofjustice,ithasmanyadvantagesandnumerousbenefits,
includingpreservingthechastityofmanandhisbeingthecauseofpreservingthechastityofanumberof
women,
hismaintenanceoftheirinterests,
andmultiplicationofprogenythatentailsincreasingthenumberoftheUmmah.Thisinturnincreasesits
powerandthenumberofthosewhoworshipAllah(ExaltedbeHe).
ItalsoentailstheProphet's(peacebeuponhim)boastingoftheminfrontofothernationsontheJudgment
Day.
ManyotherinterestsareknowntothosewhoglorifytheShariàhandconsideritsadvantages,wisdom,
secrets,andthedireneedofpeopleforitwithcontentment,love,glorification,andinsight.
TheignorantpersonwhoviewstheShariàhinanegativelightandsubservientlylookseastandwest,
approvingofallthatcomesfromthem,isfarfromperceivingthemeritsoftheShariàh,itswisdom,
benefits,andtheprotectionoftheinterestsofmaleandfemaleservantsofAllah.
PolygamywasknowntotheprecedingnationsthathadcivilizationsandduringthePreIslamiceraamong
theArabs.WhenIslamcame,itlimitedpolygyny,restrictedthenumberofwivestofour,andpermittedthe
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)tohavemorethanfourwivesduetocertainwisdom,secrets,andinterests.
Finally,AllahmadeitunlawfulforhimtomarryanywomanafterhisninewivesasindicatedinSurahAl
Ahzab.
ThescholarsofShariàhmentionedthatpolygynyisamongthemeritsofIslamicShariàhandisanaspect
ofitsmaintenanceoftheinterestsofsocietyandaremedyforitsproblems.
Wereitnotforfearofverbosity,Iwouldhavereportedtothereaderexcerptsfromthosescholars,sothat
thereaderwouldincreaseinknowledgeandinsight.
SomeenemiesofIslamnoticedthisaspectandadmittedtheexcellenceoftheShariàhandtheway
introducedthismatter.Theydidsoinspiteoftheirenmityandacknowledgedthetruthoutofthepressing
necessitytoadmitit.
Iherebyquotesomeofthesetestimonies,Qur'anicverses,propheticHadith,andcommentsofMuslim
scholarsthatarefarmoresufficientandusefulthanthestatementsoftheenemiesofIslam.Therearestill
somepeoplewhocouldbenefitmorefromsuchtestimoniesthanhecould
benefitfromthesayingsofMuslimscholarsandevenfromversesandHadith.Thisisonlybecausehe
glorifiesthewestandallthatcomesfromit.Ideemeditnecessarytoquotesomeofthesetestimoniesof
maleandfemalewesternwriters.
Itisquotedin"AlManar",vol.4,p.360,fromtheLondonnewspaperbysomewriters'wordstotheeffectthat
"Manyyoungwomenhavegoneastrayandadversityprevailed.Thosewhoexaminethecauseofthis
phenomenonhavebecomefew.Asawoman,myheartachesoutofdeeppityforandloveforthem.Yet,
howcouldmygrief,anguish,andlamentationbenefitthem,evenifallpeoplesharedsuchfeelingswithme.
Ofcoursenothingcanhelpinpreventingthisabominablestate".
HowperceptivewasthescholarTus,whodiagnosedthemaladyandprescribedthecureforit,namely,
permittingamantomarrymorethanonewife.Hethus,asserted,"Insuchaway,adversitywouldinevitably
beremovedandouryoungwomenwouldbehousewives.Formisfortuneisindeedentailedbyforcingthe
Europeanmantomarrynomorethanonewoman,assuchrestrictionhasturnedouryounggirlsastrayand
haddriventhemtoseekman'sprofession.Inturn,theevilwouldaggravateifmanisnotallowedtomarry
morethanonewoman.
Whocancountthenumberofmarriedmenwhohaveillegitimatechildrenthatarenowweary,dependent,
andshamefulmarkofhumansociety.Indeed,ifpolygynywaslawful,suchchildrenandtheirmotherswould
nothavesufferedthecurrentagonyandignominy,andtheirchildren'shonorwouldhavebeenkeptintact.
Forindeedwomencompetingwithmen(inwork)incursdestructionhaveyounotperceivedthathernature
revealsthatherprofessionsaredifferentfromthoseofmanandviceversa.Permittingpolygynygrantsevery
womantherighttobeahousewifeandamotheroflegitimatechildren.
(PartNo:3,PageNo:234) www.ircpk.com
Onpage362,anotherfemalewriterwasquotedtohavesaid,"Itisbetterandlessdistressfulthatouryoung
womenworkashousemaidsorlikehousemaidsthanworkinlaboratorieswheretheybecomecorruptedwith
plaguesthatremovethelusteroftheirlives.WouldthatourcountrieswereliketheMuslimcountries
endowedwithdecency,chastity,andpuritywherethemaidandtheslaveenjoythemostluxuriouswaysof
lifeandaretreatedkindlyjustaschildren!ItisdisgracefulforourcountryofEnglandthatitmakesitsyoung
womenanexampleofvicethroughtheirfrequentminglingwithmen.Howcomethenwedonottreadinthe
heelsofthem(Muslimcountries)byassigningforgirlstheworkthatsuitstheirnaturaldispositionsuchas
domesticchores,andleavemen'sworkformensothatwecouldpreservethehonorofsuchgirls."
OtherslikeGustavfLobonesaid,"Polygynyisagoodsystemthatelevatesthemorallevelofnationsthatpractice
it,makesfamiliesmoreconnectedandgrantswomanrespectandhappinessshedoesnothaveinEurope.
Moreover,playwrightBernardShawsaid,Indeed,EuropeshallhavetoreturntoIslambeforethecloseofthe
twentiethcentury,whethershelikesitornot.
TheseareexcerptsofwhatIreadfromnonMuslimwritersonthemeritsofIslamandpolygyny,which
containsalessonforallthoseendowedwithsoundunderstanding.ItistheHelpofAllah(alone)thatwe
seek.
AsforwhatIbnAlSurahsaidaboutpolygyny,itundoubtedlyimpliesdenigrationofIslam,insultofthePerfect
Shariàh,andridiculingtheProphet(peacebeuponhim),whichisanegationofhisfaith.Thus,itisthe
dutyoftherulerstoinvitehimtorepent.So,ifherepentsanddeclareshisrepentanceinthenewspaper
wherehepublishedhisirreligiousarticle,thenpraisebetoAllah.Besides,heshouldalsobedisciplinedina
waythatdetershimandhispeers.
Yet,ifhedoesnotrepent,itbecomesobligatorytokillhimonthegroundsofhisapostasy,andhis
inheritancebecomesabootyforthetreasury,ashisrelativesarenotallowedtoinherithim.
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Say:"WasitatAllh(),andHisAyt(proofs,evidence,verses,lessons,signs,revelations)
andHisMessenger()thatyouweremocking?" Makenoexcuseyoudisbelievedafteryouhadbelieved.
He(ExaltedbeHe)saysaboutthedisbelievers, ThatisbecausetheyhatethatwhichAllhhassentdown(thisQurnand
Islmiclaws,etc.)soHehasmadetheirdeedsfruitless.
He(ExaltedbeHe)remindsHisSlavesthatwhoevermocksHisReligionorhateswhatHehassentdown,
theybecomedisbelieversandtheirdeedswillbemadefruitless.
Inanotherverse,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, ThatisbecausetheyfollowedthatwhichangeredAllhandhatedthatwhich
pleasedHim.SoHemadetheirdeedsfruitless.
Undoubtedly,IbnAlSurahdislikedwhatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)hassentdownconcerningthepermissibilityof
polygyny,anddisparageditonthepremiseofitsbeinganinveteratemalady.Therefore,therulingstatedin
theverseappliestohim.Indeed,therearenumerousproofsonthismeaning.
WeaskAllahtoguideusandallMuslimstolovewhatHehaslegislatedforHisSlavesandtoadheretoit,
andtobewareofwhatopposesit.MayAllahgivevictorytoHisReligionandHisPartyandobliterate
falsehoodanddisappointitsfollowers.HeisindeedAllHearing,EverNear.
MaythePeaceandBlessingsofAllahbeuponHisSlaveandMessenger,Muhammad,hisfamilyand
Companions!
www.ircpk.com

Generaladviceonsomemajorsins
F r o mÀbdulÀzizibnÀbdullahibnBaztothosewhoseeitofmyMuslimbrothers,mayAllahgrantmeandthem
successinfulfillingwhatpleasesHim,andkeepusawayfromdisobeyingHim,Amen!
A ssalamuàlaykumwarahmatullahwabarakatuh(MayAllah'sPeace,Mercy,andBlessingsbeuponyou!),to
continue:
IadviseeveryMuslimtohaveTaqwa(fearingAllahasHeshouldbefeared)inallcircumstancesandguard
histonguefromsayinganythingotherthanthatwhichisuseful,becauseMubah(permissible)talkmaylead
towhatisHaram(prohibited)orMakruh(reprehensible),andthisiscommonamongpeople,Allahthe
Exaltedsays: Notaworddoeshe(orshe)utterbutthereisawatcherbyhimready(torecordit). Allah(ExaltedbeHe)
alsosays: Andfollownot(Omani.e.,saynot,ordonotorwitnessnot)thatofwhichyouhavenoknowledge.Verily!Thehearing,
andthesight,andtheheart,ofeachofthoseonewillbequestioned(byAllh). TheProphet(mayAllah'sPeaceand
Blessingsbeuponhim)alsosaysintheHadithagreeduponbyAlBukhariandMuslimandnarratedbyAbu
Hurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim): "HewhobelievesinAllahandtheLastDayshouldeitheruttergoodwordsorstay
silent...'' .
Therearethingsthatmaybeatopicoftalksbutshouldnotbespokenandoneshouldbewarnedagainst
talkingaboutthem,fortheycouldleadtomajorsins,whichwouldleadtodispleasingAllahandtoHis
Punishment.Thesethingshavebecomecommonlywidespreadinsomecommunities:
1Backbiting: Thatistalkingaboutyourbrotherorsisterinawaythattheywoulddislike,iftheyheard
aboutit,whetheritbetalkingabouttheirbody,family,character,actions,sayingsorabouttheirreligionor
life,oreventalkingillabouttheirclothes
,homeorcar.AbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
said: Doyouknowwhatbackbitingis?They(theCompanions)said:AllahandHisMessengerknowbest.Thereupon,he(the
Prophet)said:Backbitingistalkingaboutyourbrotherinamannerwhichhedoesnotlike.Itwassaidtohim:Whatisyouropinion,ifI
actuallyfind(thatfailing)inmybrotherthatwhichImadeamentionof?Hesaid:If(thatfailing)isactuallyfound(inhim)whatyou
assert,thenyouinfact,backbithim,andifitisnotinhim,itisaslanderagainsthim. ReportedbyMuslim.
BackbitingisHaram(prohibited),nomatterwhatthereasonbehinditwhetheritistocalmdownrage,orto
complimentthosepresentandmakeconversationwiththem,orreconcilingorcourtesyofcompanions.Or
toencourageotherstospeakortoenvyothersorjustforfun,ortowastetimeorifapersonspeaksillof
otherstomakethosepresentlaugh.AllahtheExaltedforbadethis,andwarnedHisslavesagainstit,Hethe
Exaltedsays: Oyouwhobelieve!Avoidmuchsuspicionindeedsomesuspicionsaresins.Andspynot,neitherbackbiteone
another.Wouldoneofyouliketoeatthefleshofhisdeadbrother?Youwouldhateit(sohatebackbiting).AndfearAllh.Verily,Allh
istheOneWhoforgivesandacceptsrepentance,MostMerciful.
InaHadithbyAbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim),theProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: The
MuslimisinviolablebyhisMuslimbrother,withregardtohisblood,wealthandhonor ReportedbyMuslim.He(peacebeupon
him)saidinhisfinalKhutbah(sermon)inhisFarewellHajj: Yourblood,yourpropertiesandyourhonorsareassacred
tooneanotherasthesanctityofthisdayofyoursinthismonthofyoursinthistownofyours.(Listen)HaveInotconveyedAllah's
messagetoyou? ReportedbyAlBukhariandMuslim.ItisalsonarratedbyAbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwith
him)thathesaid:TheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)said: Theworstkindofusuryisindulgingineviltalk
aboutthehonorofyourMuslimbrother. ReportedbyAlBazzarandAbuDawud.TheauthenticHadithsoftheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)thatrefertotheprohibitionofbackbitingandwarningagainstitaresomany.
2Amongvicesthatshouldbeavoided,keptawayfromandwarnedagainstistalebearing.Itreferstothe
actoftransferringconversationsfromonepersontoanother,orfromonegrouptoanother,orfromone
tribetoanother
withtheintentionofcausingcorruptionanddrivingpeopleawayfromeachother.Itincludesdisclosingwhat
peopledislikenomatterifthepersonreported,thepersoninformed,orevenothersmaydislikeit.Thisact
ofdisclosingmaybedoneverbally,written,orbyusingcode,orgesturesregardlessofthesubjectreported
whetheritisasayingoranactionandwhetheritisadefectorimperfectioninthepersonreportedornot.A
personmustrefrainfromtalkingaboutwhatheknowsorseesinpeople,unlessthereissomebenefitto
Muslimsintransferringinformationorthatitwilleliminateevil.
Motivesbehindtalebearingiseithertocauseeviltothepersonbeingspokenaboutortoshowlovetothe
personwhoisbeinginformed,ortoengageinonesadvantagesanddisadvantagesallofwhichis www.ircpk.com
forbidden.NooneshouldbelieverumormongersbecauseapersonwhogossipsisconsideredaFasiq
(someoneopenlyandflagrantlyviolatingIslamiclaw),whoseShahadah(testimonyoffaith)isrejected.Allah
theExaltedsays: Oyouwhobelieve!IfaFsiq(liarevilperson)comestoyouwithanynews,verifyit,lestyoushouldharm
peopleinignorance ,onemustforbidhimfromdoingso,advisehimagainstit,andcondemntheact,forAllah
(ExaltedbeHe)says: enjoin(onpeople)AlMarf(IslmicMonotheismandallthatisgood),andforbid(people)fromAl
Munkar(i.e.disbeliefintheOnenessofAllh,polytheismofallkindsandallthatisevilandbad) Oneshoulddislikehimfor
Allah'ssakeandshouldnotthinknegativelyofhisbrother,whoisbeingspokenabout.Heshouldthinkgood
ofhisbrother,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: Oyouwhobelieve!Avoidmuchsuspicionindeedsomesuspicionsaresins.
TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: 'Bewareofsuspicion,foritistheworstoffalsetales. Agreeduponits
authenticityi.e.reportedbyAlBukhariandMuslim.
Heshouldnotspyonthepersonwhowasspokenaboutordefamehisselfbycommittingthesame
forbiddenactthatthegossipercommittedbyrepeatingthegossipwhichheheard.
TheevidencefortheprohibitionoftalebearingintheQuranandSunnah(whateverisreportedfromthe
Prophet)aremanyforexample,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: And(OMuhammad)obeyyounot
everyoneHallafMahn(theonewhoswearsmuchandisaliarorisworthless).[TafsirAtTabari] Aslanderer,goingaboutwith
calumnies, Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Woetoeveryslandererandbackbiter.
ItisnarratedbyHudhayfah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thathesaid:TheMessengerofAllah(peacebe
uponhim)said: ThestorytellerwillnotenterParadise (AgreeduponbyAlBukhariandMuslim).IbnMasùd(may
Allahbepleasedwithhim)narratedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: ShouldIinformyouwhat
slanderingis?Itistalecarrying,whichcreatesdissensionamongstpeople. ReportedbyMuslim.Talebearingisoneofthe
reasonsofpunishmentinthegrave,forIbnAbbas(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)narratedthattheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)passedbytwogravesandsaid: Thesetwopeoplearebeingtorturednotforamajorsin(to
avoid). TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)thenadded,Yes!(theyarebeingtorturedforamajorsin).Indeed,oneofthemnever
savedhimselffrombeingsoiledwithhisurinewhiletheotherusedtogoaboutwithcalumnies(tomakeenmitybetweenfriends).
(AgreeduponbyAlBukhariandMuslim)Backbitingandtalebearingareforbiddenduetothedamagethey
cause,thecorruptionbetweenpeopleandthedivisionsandchaoswhichitcreates,ignitingthefireofhatred,
envyandhypocrisy,andeliminatingallaffectionandfatality.Alsocausingquarrelsanddiscordamong
brotherswhowereonceclose.Italsoinvolveslying,treachery,betrayal,deceptionandaccusationsofthe
innocent,whichleadonetocurse,abuseandinsult.Theyaresingsofcowardice,andpettinessanddefect.
Inadditiontothis,thesinnerswhomaketheseaccusationswillbearmanysins,whichwillleadtothewrath
ofAllah,andindignationandpainfulpunishment.
3Thatwhichshouldbeavoidedandkeptawayfrom,areprehensibletrait,whichisknownasenvy.Thatis,
apersonwishingthatacertainbountyandgraceberemovedfromhisbrotherinIslam,whetherthisgrace
andbountyisrelatedtoreligionorisworldly.ThisisobjectingtowhatAllahhasdestinedandgrantedHis
slaves.ThisisinjusticebytheenviouspersontohimselfforhisIman(faith)isdecreasedduetothis,causing
calamitiesandconcernsforhimself,ruininghiminagreatway.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: Ordotheyenvy
men(Muhammadandhisfollowers)forwhatAllhhasgiventhemofHisBounty? AbuHurayrah(mayAllah
bepleasedwithhim)narratedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Donotbeenviousofoneanotherdonot
artificiallyinflatepricesagainstoneanotherdonothateoneanotherdonotshunoneanotheranddonotundercut
oneanotherinbusinesstransactionsandbeasfellowbrothersandservantsofAllah. ReportedbyMuslim.AbuHurayrah(mayAllah
bepleasedwithhim)alsonarratedthattheProphetofAllah(peacebeuponhim)said: Avoidenvy,forenvydevoursgooddeedsjust
asfiredevoursfuel. ReportedbyAbuDawud.
4Apersonisalsorequiredtostayawayfrominjustice,whichisbeingunfairandlegalmisbehavior.ThebiggestoftheseisShirk
(associatingothersinworshipwithAllah)ofAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)throughviolationandsins.Allah(GlorifiedandExalted
beHe)says: And(remember)whenLuqmnsaidtohissonwhenhewasadvisinghim:Omyson!Joinnotinworshipotherswith
Allh.VerilyjoiningothersinworshipwithAllhisagreatZlm(wrong)indeed. Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Andit
isthedisbelieverswhoaretheZlimn(wrongdoers). Thisalsoincludestakingotherpeople'spropertywithouttherighttodoso,or
takingsomethingfromone'slandorattackingorabusingthem,whichisalsoamajorsinanddisobedienceofAllah.Thisisweseek
refugeinAllaharesultofthedarknessofonesheart,forifone'sheartwaslitwiththelightofguidance,thenhewouldhave
reconsidered,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Therewillbenofriend,noranintercessorfortheZlimn(polytheistsand
w r o n gdoers),whocouldbegivenheedto. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: andfortheZlimn(wrongdoers,polytheistsand
disbelieversintheOnenessofAllh)thereisnohelper. Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsosays: ConsidernotthatAllhis
unawareofthatwhichtheZlimn(polytheists,wrongdoers)do,butHegivesthemrespiteuptoaDaywhentheeyeswillstarein
horror. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Andwhoeveramongyoudoeswrong(i.e.setsuprivalstoAllh),Weshallmakehimtastea
greattorment. ItisreportedinSahih(authenticbook)Muslim,fromAbuDhar(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)said: Allah(theExalted)says:"OMyservants,IhaveforbiddeninjusticeuponMyselfandhaveforbiddenitfor
you,sodonotwrongoneanother..." ItisalsonarratedbyJabir(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheMessengerofAllah(peace
beuponhim)said: Beonyourguardagainstcommittingoppression,foroppressionisadarknessontheDayofRecompense
Likewise,ÀbdullahibnÀmribnAlÀs(mayAllah
bepleasedwiththem)narratedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: AMuslimistheonewhoavoidsharmingMuslimswithhis
tongueandhands.AndaMuhajir(emigrant)istheonewhogivesup(abandons)allthatAllahhasforbidden. (AgreeduponbyAl
BukhariandMuslim).TheseHadithsandotherswiththesamemeaningareevidentthatoneshouldbewarnedofinjusticeinmatters www.ircpk.com
relatedpeople,theirhonor,andproperty,duetothegreatevilandgreatcorruptionandtheirdireconsequences.Theyalsoindicate
theobligationofTawbah(repentancetoAllah)toAllah,theExalted,ofpastsinsandadvisingotherstoleaveallthatAllahhas
forbiddenofinjusticeandallothersins.
MayAllahgrantmeandyougoodattitudeandgooddeedsandkeepusawayfrombaddeedsandattitudes!MayHeguideustoHis
StraightPath,forHeisAllGraciousandTheGenerous.
MayAllah'sPeaceandBlessingsbeuponourProphetMuhammad,hisfamily,andCompanions!
Assalamuàlaykumwarahmatullahwabarakatuh(MayAllah'sPeace,Mercy,andBlessingsbeuponyou!).
www.ircpk.com

GeneralAdviceforMuslimRulersandPeoples
AllpraisebetoAllahAlone.MaypeaceandblessingsbeuponHisMessenger,andhisfamily,and
Companions.
IherebyadvisemyfellowMuslimseverywhere,whethertheyaregovernmentofficialsorcommonsubjects,
tofearAllah(ExaltedbeHe)inallmatters,sinceitistheAdviceofAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andofHis
TrustworthyProphet(peacebeuponhim).Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, Andverily,Wehave
recommendedtothepeopleoftheScripturebeforeyou,andtoyou(OMuslims)thatyou(all)fearAllh He(ExaltedbeHe)also
says, Omankind!BedutifultoyourLord,Whocreatedyoufromasingleperson(Adam) TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
usedtoadvisehisUmmahduringhissermonstofearAllah.Taqwa(fearingAllahasHeshouldbefeared)is
anallinclusivetermthatsumsupthecontentofIslam,andinvolvesprotectionoftheinterestsofthe
worldlylifeandoftheHereafter.Rather,itinvolvestheentirereligion.Itimpliesrighteousness,Iman
(belief),Islam,guidance,anduprightness.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)hasnamedHisReligion"Taqwa",sincethe
onewhoadherestoandpersistsinit,Allahwillsafeguardhimagainstevilconsequencesinworldlylifeand
intheHereafter.Inaddition,themostimportantaspectofTaqwaissincerityinworshippingAllahAlone,
followingtheProphet(peacebeuponhim),applyingtheShariàh,andbeingawareofallthatdisagrees
withit,asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Andtheywerecommandednot,butthattheyshouldworshipAllh,andworshipnone
butHimAlone(abstainingfromascribingpartnerstoHim) He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays, Omankind!WorshipyourLord
(Allh),WhocreatedyouandthosewhowerebeforeyousothatyoumaybecomeAlMuttaqn(thepiousSeeV.2:2). He
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsosays, Dotheythenseekthejudgementof(thedaysof)Ignorance?Andwhoisbetterin
judgementthanAllhforapeoplewhohavefirmFaith. Allahalsosays: Butno,byyourLord,theycanhavenoFaith,untilthey
makeyou(OMuhammad)judgeinalldisputesbetweenthem,andfindinthemselvesnoresistanceagainstyour
decisions,andaccept(them)withfullsubmission. Hence,itisunequivocalforthoseendowedwithsound
understandingthatapplyingtheShariàhassuresintegrityinthislifeandintheHereafter.Italsoentails
unitingthewordontruthandeliminating
corruption.Anotherhighlyimportantaspectofpietyiscooperationinrighteousnessandpiety,
recommendingoneanothertothetruthandtopatienceinupholdingit,theunityofscholarsandtheir
unanimityonthetruth,theirguidingcommonpeopletothemeansofsalvation,andwarningthemagainst
thecausesofruin,andtheirgivinggoodcounseltotherulersandsupportingthemtodogood.TheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)said, Allahispleasedwiththreethingsfromyou:thatyouworshipHimanddonotassociateanythingwith
Him,andthatyoualtogethertakeholdoftheRopeofAllah,andthatyougivegoodcounseltotheonetowhomAllahgivescommand
overyou. HealsorecommendedallMuslimstobewareofallkindsofpolytheism,religiousinnovationsand
sins,sincetheirappearanceinsocietyisacauseofdestructionatlarge.However,avoidingsuchthingsand
mutuallyrecommendingabandonmentofitisamongthemostimportantmeansofsalvation.Indeed,the
integrityofsocietycanonlybeachievedthroughmutualcooperationinrighteousness,piety,enjoinmentof
goodandforbiddingofevil.Thesearethecharacteristicsofthebelieversandtheirmorals,asAllah(Exalted
beHe)says, Thebelievers,menandwomen,areAuliy(helpers,supporters,friends,protectors)ofoneanothertheyenjoin(on
thepeople)AlM a rf(i.e.IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmordersonetodo),andforbid(people)fromAlMunkar(i.e.
polytheismanddisbeliefofallkinds,andallthatIslmhasforbidden)theyperformAsSalt(IqmatasSalt),andgivetheZakt,
andobeyAllhandHisMessenger.AllhwillhaveHisMercyonthem.SurelyAllhisAllMighty,AllWise. Itisalsoauthentically
reportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, "Whoever,amongyou,seessomethingabominableshouldrectifyit
withhishandandifhehasnostrengthenoughtodoit,thenheshoulddoitwithhistongueandifhehasnostrengthenoughtodo
it,(even)thenheshould(abhorit)fromhisheart,andthatistheleastofFaith." He(peacebeuponhim)alsosaid, The
religionisbasedonadvisingoneanother.Uponthis,wesaid:Forwhom,OMessengerofAllah?Hereplied:ForAllah,HisBook,His
Messenger,andfortheleadersandthegeneralMuslims. BothHaditharenarratedbyImamMusliminhis"Sahih".After
all,therearemanyQur'anicversesandHadithcontainingthismeaning.IaskAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbe
He)toguideusandourfellowMuslimseverywheretothatwhichinvolvesHisPleasureandtheintegrityof
HisSlaves,torectifyourheartsanddeeds,andtograntusallunderstandingofHisReligion,persistenceinit
andthecalltoitwithsureknowledge.HeisindeedtheMasterofthisandisAbletodoit.MayAllahgrantus
success.MaypeaceandblessingsbeuponHisSlaveandMessenger,ourProphetandMaster,Muhammad
ibnÀbdullah,hisfamily,Companions,andthosewhofollowhisguidance.
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GeneraladvicetoMuslims
F r o mÀbdulÀzizibnÀbdullahibnBaztomyfellowMuslimsmayAllahguidethemandmetowalkinthepath
ofHisbelievingservantsandtoholdfasttothetruthandcorrectknowledgeofreligionandmayAllah
safeguardthemandmefromthepathofthoseagainstwhomHeisangryandthosewhoareastrayAmen!
Assalamuàlaykumwarahmatullahwabarakatuh(MayAllah'sPeace,Mercy,andBlessingsbeuponyou!)
IrenderthisadviceandremindertoyouasadutyordainedintheQur'anicversethatreads: Andremind(by
preachingtheQurn,OMuhammad ) , forverily,theremindingprofitsthebelievers. Andinanother
Qur'anicverseinwhichAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says: HelpyouoneanotherinAlBirrandAtTaqw(virtue,righteousness
andpiety)butdonothelponeanotherinsinandtransgression. Also,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)isreportedto
havesaid, Religionisadvice.Uponthiswesaid:Forwhom?Hereplied:ForAllah,HisBook,HisMessengerandfortheleadersand
thegeneralMuslims. AccordingtoanotherPropheticHadith: Afaithfulbelievertoafaithfulbelieverislikethebricksofa
wall,enforcingeachother.Whilesayingso,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)claspedhishands,byinterlacinghisfingers. Heis
alsoreportedinanotherHadithtohavesaid, Thesimilitudeofbelieversinregardtomutuallove,affection,fellowfeelingis
thatofonebodywhenanylimbofitaches,thewholebodyaches,becauseoffeverandsleeplessness. Everyoneisfamiliar
abouttheheedlessnessandapathythathavebefallentheMuslimstowardthepurposeforwhichtheyhave
beencreated,andthedevotionofmostofthemtolivingthisworldlylifeandenjoyingitstransientpleasures
andspendingalltheirtimeonitsvariousmeansandactivities.They,ontheotherhand,haveforgottenthe
Hereafterandpreparingforit.Asaconsequence,thishasledthemtosplit,havedifferences,andsuffer
enmityandfeudamongthemselves.Furthermore,attitudesofallegianceandhostilityhavecometobebased
onthefleetingandtransientinterestsoftheworldlylife,disregardingtheHereafterandthenecessary
provisionforit.
Thishasresultedinanumberofevils,oneofwhichisthattheheartsofthosepeoplehavebecomediseased
andmanyofthemhaveevenmettheirdeath.Thisisbecausethelifeandhealthofheartscanonlybe
maintainedthroughtheRemembranceofAllah,preparingfortheMeetingwithHim,adheringtoHis
Commandsandhavingawe,love,andfeartowardHimandhankeringforthegreatrewardspromisedby
Him.ThesemeaningsarerelatedinthefollowingQur'anicversesthatread: Oyouwhobelieve!AnswerAllh(by
obeyingHim)and(His)Messengerwhenhe()callsyoutothatwhichwillgiveyoulife Allah(ExaltedbeHe)
alsosays: AndthusWehavesenttoyou(OMuhammad)Ruh(aRevelation,andaMercy)ofOurCommand.
YouknewnotwhatistheBook,norwhatisFaith?ButWehavemadeit(thisQurn)alightwherewithWeguidewhosoeverofOur
slavesWewill.Andverily,you(OMuhammad)areindeedguiding(mankind)totheStraightPath(i.e.Allhs
ReligionofIslmicMonotheism). Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Ishewhowasdead(withoutFaithbyignoranceand
disbelief)andWegavehimlife(byknowledgeandFaith)andsetforhimalight(ofBelief)wherebyhecanwalkamongstmen?like
himwhoisinthedarkness(ofdisbelief,polytheismandhypocrisy)fromwhichhecannevercomeout? Thelifeofaheart,its
health,light,brightness,strength,andresolveisdeterminedaccordingtoitsfaithinandloveforAllah,its
eagernesstomeetHimanditsobediencetoHimandHisMessenger.Conversely,whenaheartisin
unawarenessofAllahandHisright,isfarawayfromshowingobediencetoHimandtoHisMessengerand
doesnotrememberhisLordorreciteHisBook,theheartbecomesdiseased,dark,andconfused.Inthis
way,Satanovercomesheartsandfillsthemwithfalsepromisesandhopes.Hesowsinthemharmfulseeds
thatwillendtheirlives,eliminatetheirlight,andturnthemawayfromeveryactofgoodnessandleadthem
toallevil.ItisrevealedinthenobleQur'anthat: AndwhosoeverturnsawayblindlyfromtheremembranceoftheMost
Gracious(Allh)(i.e.thisQurnandworshipofAllh),WeappointforhimShaitan(Satandevil)tobeaQarn(acompanion)tohim.
Andverily,they(Satans/devils)hinderthemfromthePath(ofAllh),buttheythinkthattheyareguidedaright! Allah(Exalted
beHe)alsosays: ThatHe(Allh)maymakewhatisthrowninbyShaitn(Satan)atrialforthoseinwhoseheartsisadisease
(ofhypocrisyanddisbelief)andwhoseheartsarehardened.Andcertainly,theZalimn(polytheistsandwrongdoers)areinan
oppositionfaroff(fromthetruthagainstAllhsMessengerandthebelievers). Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Shaitn
(Satan)threatensyouwithpovertyandordersyoutocommitFahsh(evildeeds,illegalsexualintercourse,sins)
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: andmakepromisestothem."ButSatanpromisesthemnothingbutdeceit. Hence,weall

shouldturntoAlmightyAllahinrepentanceandfillourheartswithlove,awe,fear,hopeandeagerness
towardHim.Also,wehavetoshowkeennesstoobeyHimandHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim),andon
thisourfeelingsofloveandhatredoughttobebased:Wehavetolovethebelievers,beloyaltothem,and
supportthemregardingthatwhichisrightincontrast,weshoulddisliketheunbelieversandhypocritesand
treatthemasenemies.Wehavetobeonourguardagainsttheirdeceitandcunningandagainstbeing
inclinedtothemordesirousofthefleetingworldlypleasurestheyenjoy.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: "And
turninrepentanceandinobediencewithtrueFaith(IslmicMonotheism)toyourLordandsubmittoHim(inIslm)beforethetorment
comesuponyou,(and)thenyouwillnotbehelped. "AndfollowthebestofthatwhichissentdowntoyoufromyourLord(i.e.this
Q u rn,dowhatitordersyoutodoandkeepawayfromwhatitforbids),beforethetormentcomesonyousuddenlywhileyou
perceivenot!" Lestapersonshouldsay:"Alas,mygriefthatIwasundutifultoAllh(i.e.IhavenotdonewhatAllhhasordered www.ircpk.com
metodo),andIwasindeedamongthosewhomocked[atthetruth!i.e.Lilhaillallh(nonehastherighttobeworshippedbut
Allh),theQurn,andMuhammadandatthefaithfulbelievers] Or(lest)heshouldsay:IfonlyAllhhad
guidedme,IshouldindeedhavebeenamongtheMuttaqn(thepious). Or(lest)heshouldsaywhenheseesthetorment:"Ifonly
Ihadanotherchance(toreturntotheworld),thenIshouldindeedbeamongtheMuhsinn(gooddoersSeeV.2:112)." Allah
(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: AndwhosoeverobeysAllhandHisMessenger(),fearsAllh,andkeepshisduty
(toHim),sucharethesuccessful. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Verily,theyusedtohastenontodogooddeeds,andthey
usedtocallonUswithhopeandfear,andusedtohumblethemselvesbeforeUs. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays:
Muhammad()istheMessengerofAllh.Andthosewhoarewithhimaresevereagainstdisbelievers,andmerciful
amongthemselves.Youseethembowingandfallingdownprostrate(inprayer),seekingBountyfromAllhand(His)GoodPleasure.
Themarkofthem(i.e.oftheirFaith)isontheirfaces(foreheads)fromthetracesofprostration(duringprayers). Inthisrespect,
theProphet(peacebeuponhim)isreportedtohavesaid, Themostevidentsignsoffaithareloveandhateforthesake
ofAllah. ThereisanotherPropheticHadiththatsays, HewholovesforAllah'sSake,hatesforAllah'sSake,givesfor
Allah'sSake,andwithholdsforAllah'sSake,hasattainedperfectfaith. WhenAllah'sservantsturntotheirLordand
repenttoHimoftheirpastsinsandbecomemeticulouslyobedienttoHimandHisMessenger,Hegathers
theirheartsandunitesthemonguidance.Healsograntsthemvictoryovertheirenemiesandgivesthem
whattheylikeandkeepsawayfromthemwhattheydislikeandHebestowsuponthemhonoranddignity
bothinthisworldlylifeandinthehereafter.IntheQur'an,Allah(mayhebeExalted)says: Ifyouhelp(inthe
causeof)Allh,Hewillhelpyou,andmakeyourfootholdfirm. He(ExaledbeHe)alsosays, andwhosoeverfearsAllhand
keepshisdutytoHim,Hewillmakehismattereasyforhim. , AndwhosoeverfearsAllhandkeepshisdutytoHim,Hewillmakea
wayforhimtogetout(fromeverydifficulty). AndHewillprovidehimfrom(sources)henevercouldimagine.Andwhosoeverputs
histrustinAllh,thenHewillsufficehim. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Buthonour,powerandglorybelongtoAllh,and
toHisMessenger(Muhammad),andtothebelievers Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Verily,Allhwill
helpthosewhohelpHis(Cause).Truly,AllhisAllStrong,AllMighty. Those(Muslimrulers)who,ifWegivethempowerinthe
land,(they)enjoinIqamatasSalt[i.e.toperformthefivecompulsorycongregationalSalt(prayers)(themalesinmosques)],to
paytheZaktandtheyenjoinAlM a rf(i.e.IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmordersonetodo),andforbidAlMunkar(i.e.
disbelief,polytheismandallthatIslmhasforbidden)[i.e.theymaketheQurnasthelawoftheircountryinallthespheresoflife].
AndwithAllhreststheendof(all)matters(ofcreatures). Infact,thismeaningisindicatedinmanyotherversesand
Hadith.
Igiveyouandmyselfthefollowingadvice:
First:Weshouldcontemplateandponderthepurposeofourcreation.AlmightyAllahsays: Say(tothemO
Muhammad):"Iexhortyoutoone(thing)only:thatyoustandupforAllhssakeinpairsandsingly,andreflect
(withinyourselvesthelifehistoryoftheProphet) He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays, Verily!Inthecreationof
theheavensandtheearth,andinthealternationofnightandday,thereareindeedsignsformenofunderstanding. Thosewho
rememberAllh(always,andinprayers)standing,sitting,andlyingdownontheirsides,andthinkdeeplyaboutthecreationofthe
heavensandtheearth,(saying):"OurLord!Youhavenotcreated(all)thiswithoutpurpose,glorytoYou!(ExaltedareYouaboveall
thattheyassociatewithYouaspartners).GiveussalvationfromthetormentoftheFire. He(ExaltedbeHe)says: Doesman
thinkthathewillbeleftneglected(withoutbeingpunishedorrewardedfortheobligatorydutiesenjoinedbyhisLordAllhonhim)?
Thatis,theyareforgottenanddisregarded,receivingnocommandorprohibition.EveryMuslimknowswith
certaintythattheyhavenotbeencreatedwithoutapurposeyet,theyhavebeencreatedtoworshipAllah
aloneandtoshowobediencetoHimandtoHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim).Inthisregard,Allah
(ExaltedbeHe)says, AndI(Allh)creatednotthejinnandmankindexceptthattheyshouldworshipMe(Alone). He(Exalted
beHe)alsosays, Omankind!WorshipyourLord(Allh),Whocreatedyouandthosewhowerebeforeyousothatyoumay
becomeAlMuttaqn(thepiousSeeV.2:2). Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)commandsallhumankindandJinntofulfillthe
purposeforwhichtheyhavebeencreated,andHesentmessengersandrevealedbookstoconveyand
demonstratethispurposeandcallpeopletoit.Afterwards,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Andtheywere
commandednot,butthattheyshouldworshipAllh,andworshipnonebutHimAlone(abstainingfromascribingpartnerstoHim),and
performAsSalt(Iqmata sSalt)andgiveZakt He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays, Andverily,Wehavesentamongevery
Ummah(community,nation)aMessenger(proclaiming):WorshipAllh(Alone),andavoid(orkeepawayfrom)Tght(allfalse
deitiesi.e.donotworshipTghtbesidesAllh). Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: WorshipAllhandjoinnonewithHim(in
worship) Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: This(Quran)isaMessageformankind(andaclearproofagainstthem),inorder
thattheymaybewarnedthereby,andthattheymayknowthatHeistheonlyOneIlh(GodAllh)(nonehastherighttobe
worshippedbutAllh)andthatmenofunderstandingmaytakeheed. Thus,allthosewhosincerelyseekgoodfor
themselvesshouldattachthegreatestimportancetothepurposeoftheircreationandgiveitprecedence
overanythingelseandtheyshouldbewareofpreferringtheworldlylifetothehereafter,theirwhimsto
guidanceandtheobedienceoftheirownsoulsandSatantotheobedienceofAllah,theAllMercifulKing.
Regardingthis,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)issuesthistremendouswarning: Thenforhimwhotransgressedallbounds,(in
disbelief,oppressionandevildeedsofdisobediencetoAllh). Andpreferredthelifeofthisworld(byfollowinghisevildesiresand
lusts), Verily,hisabodewillbeHellfire ButasforhimwhofearedstandingbeforehisLord,andrestrainedhimselffromimpure
evildesiresandlusts. Verily,Paradisewillbehisabode.
Second:WeoughttofrequentlyrecitetheNobleQur'andayandnightandcontemplateandponderits
sublimemeaningsthatpurifytheheartsandwarnagainstfollowingvaindesiresandSatan.Indeed,Allah
(GlorifiedbeHe)hasrevealedtheQur'antobeaguide,areminder,abringerofgoodnews,awarner,a
teacherandamercyforallservantswhoeverholdsfasttoitandcloselyfollowsitsguidancewillbesaved www.ircpk.com
andwillliveinhappinessandincontrast,whoeverturnsawayfromitwillbedoomedandmiserable.Allah
(ExaltedbeHe)says, Verily,thisQurnguidestothatwhichismostjustandright He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays, this
Q u rnhasbeenrevealedtomethatImaytherewithwarnyouandwhomsoeveritmayreach. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)also
says, Omankind!TherehascometoyouagoodadvicefromyourLord(i.e.theQurn,enjoiningallthatisgoodandforbiddingall
thatisevil),andahealingforthat(diseaseofignorance,doubt,hypocrisyanddifferences)whichisinyourbreasts,aguidanceand
amercy(explaininglawfulandunlawfulthings)forthebelievers. He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays, Say:Itisforthosewho
believe,aguideandahealing." Also,itisreportedinanauthenticHadiththattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
said, Iamleavingamongyoutwoweightythings,thefirstofwhichistheBookofAllahinwhichthereisrightguidanceandlight.So,
holdfasttotheBookofAllahandadheretoit. Thus,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)urgedustosteadfastlyfollow
theBookofAllah.AndheisalsoreportedtohavesaidinhisFarewellPilgrimagesermon, Verily,Iamleaving
youthatwhichifyouholdfastto,youwillnevergoastray:theBookofAllah... Also,itisnarratedthattheProphet(peace
beuponhim)said, Thebestamongyou(Muslims)arethosewholearntheQuranandteachit. Itisreportedthatthe
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)saidtohisCompanions, WouldanyofyouliketogotoBathanortoAlÀqiq[valleys]and
bringtwogreatshecamels(withlargehumps)withoutcommittingasinorseveringatieofkinship?Theyreplied:Weallwould,O
MessengerofAllah!Hesaid:So,letanyofyougotothemosqueandlearnorrecitetwoversesfromtheBookofAllah,whichare
betterforhimthantwoshecamels,andthree(verses)arebetterthanthree(shecamels),andfour(verses)arebetterthanfour
( s h ecamels)andtheyarebetterthanthesamenumberofcamels. AlltheseHadithareauthenticallyreportedonthe
authorityoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim).
TheversesandHadithonthevirtueoftheQur'anandtheencouragementofitsrecitation,aswellas
learningandteachingitarenumerousandwellknown.Itistobenotedthatwhatismeantbyrecitationis
reflectionandmeditationonthemeaningsandthenactingaccordingly.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says:
DotheynotthenthinkdeeplyintheQurn,oraretheirheartslockedup(fromunderstandingit)? And,He(ExaltedbeHe)
alsosays: (Thisis)aBook(theQurn)whichWehavesentdowntoyou,fullofblessings,thattheymayponderoveritsVerses,
andthatmenofunderstandingmayremember. So,hastenmayAllahshowmercytoyoutotherecitationofyour
Lord'sBookandthereflectiononitsmeanings.Letthisoccupyyourtimesandbepresentatyoursittings.
Indeed,theNobleQur'anisthefirmropeofAllahandHisStraightPathwhichifsomeoneholdsfastto,they
willattainthePleasureofAllahandHisParadiseandifsomeoneturnsawayfromit,theywillbemiserable
inthisworldlylifeandtheHereafter.BewaremayAllahshowmercytoyouofwhatkeepsyoudistant
fromtheBookofAllahanddistractsyoufromHisRemembrance,suchasnewspapersandmagazinesand
similarbookswhoseharmisgreaterthantheirbenefit.However,ifitisnecessaryforsomeonetoreadany
ofthese,lethimorherassignaspecifictimeforthisandrestricthimorherselftowhatisnecessary.Lethim
orherfixatimeforrecitingtheQur'anandlisteningtoitandtherebythediseasesofhisorherheartwillbe
curedandheorshewillbehelpedanddriventoworshiptheCreator,theOneWhocancauseharmandcan
bringaboutbenefitWhoisAbletogiveandisAbletowithholdthereisnodeityorlordsaveHim.
Furthermore,aMuslimshouldbecarefulnottoattendgatheringsthatinvolve[unlawful]entertainment,
singingandlisteningtounwholesomeradiostations,andgatheringswherethereisgossipandslander.Still
moreharmfulthanthisisgoingtothecinemaandthelike,andwatchinglewdmoviesthatsickenaperson's
heartandkeephimorherawayfromtheRemembranceofAllahandtherecitationofHisBook.These
moviesinvitepeopletoembracevicesandabandongoodmorals.Theyareindeedamongtheugliestmeans
ofentertainmentthathavethemostharmfulandviciousimpact.So,beonyourguardagainstthemmay
Allahshowmercytoyouandrefrainfromsittingwiththosepeopleoracceptingtheirshamefulwork.
Whoevercallspeopletothemwillbeartheirsinsandthesinsofthosewhogoastraybecauseofthem.
Likewise,apersoncallingtofalsehoodorabstainingfromthetruthwillbearhisorherownsininadditionto
sinsequaltothosemisledbyhiscall.ThisisrelatedinanauthenticHadiththattheProphet(peacebeupon
him).MayAlmightyAllahguideusandallMuslimstoHisStraightPath.Surely,HeisAllHearing,Near.
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Third:HonoringtheProphet'sSunnahandshowingkeennesstolistentoitandtoattendgatheringswhere
theBookofAllahisrecitedandtheHadithoftheProphetarerelated.Indeed,theSunnahisintegraltothe
Qur'an,anditservesthepurposeofexplainingitsmeaningsandclarifyingthedetailsofitsrulesthat
AlmightyAllahhassetforHisServants.Therefore,itisincumbentoneveryMuslimtohonortheHadithof
theProphet(peacebeuponhim)andbekeentomemorizeandstudyasmanyofthemasheorshecan.A
MuslimisrecommendedtofrequentlysitwiththepeopleofHadith,asapersonsittingwithsuchpeopleshall
neverfailorbemiserable.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: HewhoobeystheMessenger(Muhammad),
hasindeedobeyedAllh Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: AndwhatsoevertheMessenger(Muhammad)
givesyou,takeitandwhatsoeverheforbidsyou,abstain(fromit). Pertinently,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)is
reportedtohavesaid, "WhenyoupassbythegardensofParadise,availyourselvesofthem."TheCompanionsasked:"What
arethegardensofParadise,OMessengerofAllah?"Hereplied:"Thecirclesofdhikr(remembranceofAllah)." Thescholarssaid
thatthecirclesofdhikrarethoseinwhichtheQur'anandtheHaditharereadwherethelawfulandthe
unlawfulandtherelevantdetailsoftheSharìrulesandtypesareclearlydemonstrated.So,availyourselves
byattendingsuchgatheringsandshowutmostrespectandcaretotheQur'anandtheHadith.Youarealso
requiredtoactuponwhatyouhavelearnedandenquireaboutwhatyouareconfusedanduncertainabout,
sothatyoucanknowthatwhichisprovenbyprooftoberightandactaccordingly,andknowthatwhichis
proventobewrongandavoidit.Inthisway,youwillbeofthoseadequatelyknowledgeableaboutthe
religion.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, "IfAllahwantstodogoodtoaperson,Hemakeshimcomprehendthe
religion." He(peacebeuponhim)alsosaid, Hewhodidanyactforwhichthereisnosanctionfromourbehalf,thatistobe
rejected. AnotherHadithsays, "...hewhotreadsapathinsearchofknowledge,AllahwillfacilitateforhimapathtoParadise
andwheneveragroupofpeopleassembleinoneoftheHousesofAllah(mosques)andreciteHisBookandstudyittogether,
tranquilitywilldescenduponthem,mercywillcoverthem,angelswillbepresentaroundthemandAllahwillmakeamentionofthem
tothoseinHisPresenceandhewhoisslowpacedindoinggooddeeds,his(noble)descentwillnotmakehimgoahead." We
imploreAllah(ExaltedbeHe)toguideusalltothatwhichpleasesHimandtobestowHisFavorsuponall
Muslimsby
makingthemcomprehendthereligionanddotheirdutytowardtheLordofallworlds.WeimploreHimto
givevictorytoHisReligion,keepHisWordsupreme,andsafeguardallofusfrommisguidingtemptations
andSatanicintriguesindeed,HeisAllHearing,Responsive.Andassalamuàlaikumwarahmatullahwa
barakatuh.PeaceandBlessingsbeupontheMessengerofAllah,andhisfamily,andCompanions.
Generaladvice(A)
FromÀbdulÀzizibnÀbdullahibnBaztomyfellowMuslims.MayAllahguidemeandthemtowalkin
thepathofbelieversandsafeguardallofusfrommisguidingtemptationsandSatanicinsinuationsAmen.
IrenderthisadviceandremindertoyouasadutyordainedintheQur'anicversethatreads: Andremind(by
preachingtheQurn,OMuhammad),forverily,theremindingprofitsthebelievers. Accordingtoanother
verseinwhichAllah(ExaltedbeHe)commands: HelpyouoneanotherinAlBirrandAtTaqw(virtue,righteousnessand
piety)butdonothelponeanotherinsinandtransgression. TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)isalsoreportedtohave
said, Religionisadvice/sincerity.Uponthis,we(theCompanions)asked:Forwhom?Hereplied:ForAllah,HisBook,HisMessenger
andfortheleadersandthegeneralMuslims. Inlightoftheabove,IadviseyouandmyselftofearAllah(Exaltedbe
He)bothinsecretandinpublic.Tohavetaqwa(pietyandfearofAllah)isacommandmentgivenbyAllah
(ExaltedbeHe)andHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim).Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: Andverily,Wehave
recommendedtothepeopleoftheScripturebeforeyou,andtoyou(OMuslims)thatyou(all)fearAllh Inhissermon,the
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)said, IinstructyouthatyoushouldfearAllah. Indeed,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)
commandsHisServantstobepiousandtofearHim,andHepromisestheminrecompensethatHewill
forgivetheirsins,relievetheirdistress,makethingseasyforthemandprovidethemwithgoodsustenance
fromsourcesunimaginabletothemintheQur'an,He(ExaltedbeHe)says: Oyouwhobelieve!FearAllhand
keepyourdutytoHim.Andleteverypersonlooktowhathehassentforthforthemorrow,andfearAllh.Verily,AllhisAllAwareof
whatyoudo. AndbenotlikethosewhoforgotAllh(i.e.becamedisobedienttoAllh),andHecausedthemtoforgettheir
ownselves,(letthemtoforgettodorighteousdeeds).ThosearetheFsiqn(rebellious,disobedienttoAllh). Allah(Exaltedbe
He)alsosays:
Oyouwhobelieve!IfyouobeyandfearAllh,HewillgrantyouFurqn[(acriteriontojudgebetweenrightandwrong),or
Allah(Exaltedbe
(Makhraj,i.e.awayforyoutogetoutfromeverydifficulty)],andwillexpiateforyouyoursins,andforgiveyou
He)alsosays: AndifthepeopleofthetownshadbelievedandhadtheTaqw(piety),certainly,Weshouldhaveopenedforthem
blessingsfromtheheavenandtheearth Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: AndwhosoeverfearsAllhandkeepshisdutyto www.ircpk.com
Him,Hewillmakeawayforhimtogetout(fromeverydifficulty). AndHewillprovidehimfrom(sources)henevercouldimagine.
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: andwhosoeverfearsAllhandkeepshisdutytoHim,Hewillmakehismattereasyforhim.
Indeed,thereandmanywellknownQur'anicversesthatcommandandurgebelieverstohavetaqwaand
demonstratethepromisedrewardsforthatbothintheworldlylifeandintheHereafter.Taqwaisageneral
wordthatencompassesallkindsofgoodnessitisobeyingandfulfillingthecommandsofAllah(Exaltedbe
He)andeschewingallHisprohibitions,andadvisingoneanotherandcooperatingwithoneanotherin
doingso.HewhodoessoseekingthegoodPleasureofAlmightyAllahandfearingHisPunishmenthastruly
attainedpropertaqwaandgreatsuccess.Mybrothersandsisters.Wehavetoadheretothispathoftaqwato
thebestofourabilities.Youhavealreadyknownthebadconsequencesoflackingtaqwasuchasthecruelty
ofheartsanddeepheedlessnessofthecommandsordainedbyAllahonHisServants,andthedelayofrain
andtheariditythatafflictedmanycountries.ThereisnoremedyforthisexceptbyturningbacktoAlmighty
Allah,havingfearofHimandrepentingtoHimofpastsinsandadvisingoneanothertodoso.Oncethisis
donebypeoplewithhumbleheartsandtruthfultongues,andwithfearandhope,Allahwillgivethem
whatevertheylikeandkeepawayfromthemwhatevertheydislike,andHewillrectifytheirheartsandguide
theirdeeds,aspromisedintheversesquotedaboveandintheknownHadith.
Still,thegreatestmeaningoftaqwaistoperformtheworshipfulsayingsanddeedspurelyforAllah'sSake,
toputalltrustonlyinHim,toaskforthehelpofnonebutHim,tofearnonebutHim,andtoplacehope
onlyinHim.Indeed,theforelocksofallcreationandallaffairsareinHisHandnonecanwithholdwhatHe
gives,norcananyonegivewhatHewithholds.IntheQur'an,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: So
worshipHim(OMuhammad)andputyourtrustinHim. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Andwhosoever
putshistrustinAllh,thenHewillsufficehim. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: AndyourLordhasdecreedthatyouworship
nonebutHim. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Andtheywerecommandednot,butthattheyshouldworshipAllh,and
worshipnonebutHimAlone(abstainingfromascribingpartnerstoHim)
However,ifaservantperformsanyactofworshipforotherthanAllah,heorshehasthuscommittedshirk
(associatingothersinworshipwithAllah).Shirkmakesthegooddeedsfruitlessandsendstheonewho
commitsittoHell,dwellingthereforever.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Butiftheyhadjoinedinworshipothers
withAllh,allthattheyusedtodowouldhavebeenofnobenefittothem. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Verily,whosoever
setsuppartners(inworship)withAllh,thenAllhhasforbiddenParadisetohim,andtheFirewillbehisabode. Also,among
thegreatestformsoftaqwaistoofferthefivedailyPrayersregularlyincongregationinthemosque.Thisis
acommandbyAllah(ExaltedbeHe)givenintheNobleQur'an,asfollows: Guardstrictly(fiveobligatory)As
Salawt(theprayers)especiallythemiddleSalt(i.e.thebestprayerAsr). He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays, Verily,AsSalt
(theprayer)isenjoinedonthebelieversatfixedhours. Furthermore,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)promisesthosewho
observePrayerwithAlFerdaws(thehighestlevelinParadise)andwithhonorintheirLord'sParadise.Allah
(ExaltedbeHe)says: Successfulindeedarethebelievers. ThosewhooffertheirSalt(prayers)withallsolemnityandfull
submissiveness. totheversethatreads: Andthosewhostrictlyguardtheir(fivecompulsorycongregational)Salawt(prayers)
(attheirfixedstatedhours). Theseareindeedtheinheritors WhoshallinherittheFirdaus(Paradise).Theyshalldwelltherein
forever. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays:
AndthosewhoguardtheirSalt(prayers)well. SuchshalldwellintheGardens(i.e.Paradise),honoured. And,itis

authenticallyreportedthatProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)said, Betweenamanandkufr(disbelief)and
shirkistheabandonmentofPrayer. AnotherHadithsays, Whatseparatesus(believers)fromthem(nonbelievers)isthe
Prayerwhosoeverabandonsithasbecomeadisbeliever. OurreligiontellsusthatnooneobservesPrayerbuta
believerandthatnooneabandonsitbutahypocrite.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)dispraisedthehypocritesand
promisedthemthelowestrankofHellasHe(MayHebeExalted)says, Verily,thehypocritesseektodeceiveAllh,
butitisHeWhodeceivesthem.AndwhentheystandupforAsSalt(theprayer),theystandwithlaziness Allah(ExaltedbeHe)
alsosays: Verily,thehypocriteswillbeinthelowestdepth(grade)oftheFirenohelperwillyoufindforthem. TheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)threatenedthathewouldburnthehousesofthosewhowouldfailtoattendthe
congregationalPrayerinthemosque.Itisnarratedin"AlMusnad"fromtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)that
hesaid, Ifitwerenotforthewomenandchildreninthehouses,Iwouldburntheirhousesuponthem(i.e.menwhodonotattend
congregationalPrayersinthemosque). ItisnarratedinSahihMuslimthat, AblindmancametotheProphet(peacebe
uponhim)andsaid:OMessengerofAllah!Ihavenoonetoguidemetothemosque.So,couldyougivemepermissiontoofferPrayer
inmyhouse?Inresponse,he(theProphet)asked:DoyouhearthecalltoPrayer?Themansaid:Yes!Uponthis,theProphetsaid:
Respondtoit.(inanotherversion,hesaid:Icannotgiveyoupermission.) AndanotherHadithsays, Hewhohearsthecall
So,fear
(Adhaan)anddoesnotrespondtoitwillnotbedeemedtohaveofferedthePrayerunlesshehasavalidexcuse(forthat).
Allah,OServantsofAllah,andhonorthePrayerandperformitproperlyandregularlyinthemosque.
Adviseoneanothertodosoanddenounceanyfailureinthisregard,sothatallofyoumaybesavedfrom
theWrathandPunishmentofAlmightyAllahandwinHisMercyandHonorbothinthisworldlylifeandin
theHereafter.
Likewise,amongthebestformsoftaqwaispayingZakah(theobligatorycharity),whichAllah(Exaltedbe
He)hasmadeobligatoryuponthewealthyamongHisServants.Itispurificationforthewealthyanda
charityandconsolationtotheirpoorfellowMuslims.Ontheotherhand,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)threatens
thosewhorefrainfromgivingtheirZakahwithapainfulpunishmentHesays: TakeSadaqah(alms)fromtheir
wealthinordertopurifythemandsanctifythemwithit
AndHe(ExaltedbeHe)says: AndperformAsSalt(IqmatasSalt),andgiveZaktandobeytheMessenger(Muhammad
)thatyoumayreceivemercy(fromAllh). Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Andthosewhohoardupgold
andsilver[AlKanz:themoney,theZaktofwhichhasnotbeenpaid]andspendthemnotintheWayofAllh,announceuntothema
painfultorment. Similarly, ItisrelatedthattheProphetpreached:HewhowithholdshisZakahmoneywillbetormentedwithiton
theDayofJudgment. So,fearAllah,OServantsofAllah,andgiveyourZakahmoneywillinglyoutofhopefor
therewardofAllah(ExaltedbeHe),fearofHisPunishmentandgratitudeforHisFavors,andasamercyto
yourpoorMuslimbrothersandsisters.Bedelightedatthereplacementandabundantrecompenseyouwill
receivefromyourLordWhosaysintheQur'an: andwhatsoeveryouspendofanything(inAllhsCause),Hewillreplace
it.AndHeistheBestofproviders. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: And(remember)whenyourLordproclaimed:"Ifyougive
thanks(byacceptingFaithandworshippingnonebutAllh),Iwillgiveyoumore(ofMyBlessings)butifyouarethankless(i.e.
disbelievers),verilyMypunishmentisindeedsevere." Performalotofnafl(supererogatory)Prayersandgivemuch
Sadaqah(voluntarycharity),asthenaflworshipmakesupforanyshortcomingsintheperformanceofthe
obligatoryworship,anditcausestherewardtobemultiplied.PrayerandSadaqahareamongthebest
meansofprotectionfrompunishment,expiationofsins,andmultiplicationofrewards.
Anotheroutstandingformoftaqwaistoenjointherightandforbidthewrong.Indeed,thereligionwillnot
befirmlyestablishedinthelandnorwillthislifeorthelifetocomebecomegoodexceptbyenjoiningwhat
isrightandforbiddingwhatiswrong,advisingoneanothertodoso,andbearingpatientlythedifficulties
encountered.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: You[truebelieversinIslmicMonotheism,andrealfollowersofProphet
Muhammad ) andhisSunnah]arethebestofpeopleseverraisedupformankindyouenjoinAlMarf(i.e.
IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmhasordained)andforbidAlMunkar(polytheism,disbeliefandallthatIslmhasforbidden),and
youbelieveinAllh. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Thebelievers,menandwomen,areAuliy(helpers,supporters,
friends,protectors)ofoneanothertheyenjoin(onthepeople)AlMarf(i.e.IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmordersoneto
do),andforbid(people)fromAlMunkar(i.e.polytheismanddisbeliefofallkinds,andallthatIslmhasforbidden)theyperformAs
Salt(IqmatasSalt),andgivetheZakt,andobeyAllhandHisMessenger.AllhwillhaveHisMercyonthem.SurelyAllhisAll
Mighty,AllWise. ItisevidentinthisAyah(Qur'anicverse)
thatapersonwillnotbeatruebelievers,promisedmercyandParadise,unlessheorsheenjoysthesaid
attributes,mostsignificantamongwhichisenjoiningtherightandforbiddingthewrong.Shouldpeoplebe
idleandsilentaboutthetruth,theywoulddeservedlyincurthedispleasure,curse,andpunishmentofAllah.
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: ThoseamongtheChildrenofIsraelwhodisbelievedwerecursedbythetongueofDwd
(David)and Is(Jesus),sonofMaryam(Mary).Thatwasbecausetheydisobeyed(AllhandtheMessengers)andwereever
transgressingbeyondbounds. TheyusednottoforbidoneanotherfromAlMunkar(wrong,evildoing,sins,polytheism,disbelief)
whichtheycommitted.Vileindeedwaswhattheyusedtodo. ItisreportedinSunanAbuDawudontheauthorityofIbn
Masùd(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Thefirstshortcoming
committedbythechildrenofIsraelwasthatamanwouldmeetanothermanandsaytohim:Oyou,fearAllahanddesistfromwhat
youaredoing.Onthefollowingday,hewouldfindthesamepersoninthesamestateandwould,nonetheless,eat,drink,andsitwith
him.Consequently,AllahsettheirheartsagainsteachotherthisisrelatedintheQur'anasfollows: ThoseamongtheChildrenof
IsraelwhodisbelievedwerecursedbythetongueofDwd(David)andIs(Jesus),sonofMaryam(Mary).Thatwasbecausethey
disobeyed(AllhandtheMessengers)andwereevertransgressingbeyondbounds. TheyusednottoforbidoneanotherfromAl
Munkar(wrong,evildoing,sins,polytheism,disbelief)whichtheycommitted.Vileindeedwaswhattheyusedtodo. Youseemany
ofthemtakingthedisbelieversastheirAuliy(protectorsandhelpers).Evilindeedisthatwhichtheirownselveshavesentforward
beforethemforthat(reason)AllhsWrathfelluponthem,andintormenttheywillabide. theFsiqn(rebellious,disobedientto
Allh). Then,hesaid:Nay!ByAllah,youmustenjointherightandforbidthewrong,punishtheoppressorandcompelhimtodowhat
Anditisreportedinan
isrightotherwise,AllahwouldsetyourheartsagainsteachotherandcurseyouasHecursedthem.
authenticHadiththatProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)said, Ifapeopleseewrongdoinganddonotchange
it,AllahwillsoonencompassthemallwithHisPunishment. Andhe(peacebeuponhim)alsosaid, "Whoever,amongyou,
seessomethingabominableshouldrectifyitwithhishand(bytakingaction)andifheisunabletodoso,thenwithhistongue(by
speakingout)andifheisunabletodoso,(even)thenheshould(abhorit)fromhisheart,andthatistheleastoffaith." Fear
Allah,OServantsofAllah,andrectifytheconductofthefoolsamongyouandcommandwhatisgoodand
forbidwhatisevil
sothatallofyoumaybesafefromAllah'sWrathandIndignation.Mostimportantly,everyoneshouldsettle
anaccountwiththemselvesandforcethemselvestohavetaqwaandfearofAllah.Amanisresponsiblefor
makinghisdependentshiswife,family,andservantsobservethecommandsandprohibitionslaidby
Allah.ThisisordainedintheQur'an: AndenjoinAsSalt(theprayer)onyourfamily,andbepatientinofferingthem[i.e.
theSalt(prayers)]. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Oyouwhobelieve!WardoffyourselvesandyourfamiliesagainstaFire
(Hell)whosefuelismenandstones TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Allofyouareguardiansandareresponsible
foryourcharges. Examplesofsinfulactsthatservantsshoulddenounceandbewareofareadultery,sodomy,
theft,oppression,backbiting,talebearing,namecalling,arrogance,andIsbal(lettingthegarmentfallbelow
theankles).Theseactsalsoincludeshavingthebeardorremovinganypartofit,lettingthemoustachegrow
long,undutifulnesstoparents,practicingusury,appropriatingthewealthoftheorphans,drinkingalcohol,
seekingdiversionthroughmeansofentertainmentsuchas,thecinemaandmusicalinstruments,listeningto
singersandconcertsthroughtheradioandotherdevices,cheating,perjury,falseoath,frequenttakingof
oathsintransactions,andbreakingoffrelations,separationandfeudforthesakeofmundanevanities,and
otherthingswhichareforbiddenbyAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim).
Weshouldavoidthesewrongdoings,beonourguardagainstthemandwarnotherpeopleaboutthem.We
shouldalsorepentofourpastsinssothatwemayhopefullygaintheabundantrewardspromisedbyAllah
(ExaltedbeHe)andbesafefromHisWrathandPunishment.IimploreAllahtheAlmightytoguideyouand www.ircpk.com
metothesayingsanddeedspleasingtoHim,tomakeusholdfirmlytoHisReligionandtosafeguardus
fromthewickednessofourownselvesandourbaddeeds.IalsobeseechAllahtoguideourrulerstothat
whichpleasesHimandtosetarighttheirentourage,andtousetheminsupportingthereligionand
repressingevildoers.Verily,HeisAllHearing,Responsive.AndpeaceandblessingsbeupontheMessenger
ofAllah,andhisfamilyandCompanions.
www.ircpk.com

SomeadviceandaremindertothepatientsinBahnashospitalinLebanon
F r o mÀbdulÀzizibnÀbdullahAlBaztowhoeverthismessagemayreachofMuslimbrothersinBahnashospital,
mayAllahcurethemoftheirheartandbodydiseases,endeartothemtheFaith,andmakedisbelief,
wickedness,anddisobediencehatefultothemAmen.MayAllah'sPeace,Mercy,andBlessingsbeuponyou.
ItisquitemanifestthatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)hascreatedhumansandthejinntoworshipHimAloneandto
associatenonewithHiminHisDivinity,toobeyHisCommands,andtoavoidwhatHeprohibitedatevery
timeandplace.Therefore,HesentMessengersandBookstoillustratethisgreatmatterandcalltoit,asHe
(ExaltedbeHe)says, AndI(Allh)creatednotthejinnandmankindexceptthattheyshouldworshipMe(Alone). He(Exalted
beHe)alsosays, Andverily,WehavesentamongeveryUmmah(community,nation)aMessenger(proclaiming):WorshipAllh
(Alone),andavoid(orkeepawayfrom)Tght(allfalsedeitiesi.e.donotworshipTghtbesidesAllh). Allah(Exaltedbe
He)alsosays: (Thisis)aBook,theVerseswhereofareperfected(ineverysphereofknowledge),andthenexplainedindetail
fromOne(Allh),WhoisAllWise,WellAcquainted(withallthings). (Saying)worshipnonebutAllh.Verily,I(Muhammad
)amuntoyoufromHimawarnerandabringerofgladtidings. And(commandingyou):"Seektheforgivenessof
yourLord,andturntoHiminrepentance,thatHemaygrantyougoodenjoyment,foratermappointed,andbestowHisabounding
Gracetoeveryownerofgrace(i.e.theonewhohelpsandservestheneedyanddeserving,physicallyandwithhiswealth,andeven
withgoodwords).Butifyouturnaway,thenIfearforyouthetormentofaGreatDay(i.e.theDayofResurrection). Allah
(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: AndperformAsSalt(IqmatasSalt),andgiveZaktandobeytheMessenger(Muhammad
)thatyoumayreceivemercy(fromAllh). Moreover,He(ExaltedbeHe)says,
Thesearethelimits(setby)Allh(orordainmentsasregardslawsofinheritance),andwhosoeverobeysAllhandHisMessenger
(Muhammad)willbeadmittedtoGardensunderwhichriversflow(inParadise),toabidetherein,andthatwillbe
thegreatsuccess. AndwhosoeverdisobeysAllhandHisMessenger(Muhammad),andtransgressesHislimits,
Therearemanyversescontaining
HewillcasthimintotheFire,toabidethereinandheshallhaveadisgracefultorment.
thesamemeaning.So,itisobligatoryonyoutofearAllah(ExaltedbeHe),seriouslyconsiderthisgreat
matter,adviseoneanotheraboutit,andbewareofimitatingtheenemiesofAllah,ofChristiansandothers,
andofadoptingtheirabominableactions.
Furthermore,thesecondmostimportantthingafterMonotheismistoobservetheordainedfive(daily)
prayersattheirprescribedtimes,assumetheIslamicwayofdressing,growingbeards,andsoon,andguard
againstimitationoftheenemiesofAllahinanythingthatisnotlegislatedbytheShariàh.So,fearAllah
(ExaltedbeHe)asregardsthesematters,helponeanotherinrighteousnessandpiety,andbewareofthe
temptationsofSatanandofhissupporterswhodrivepeopleawayfromeverygoodactandwhocallto
everyabomination.MayAllahprotectyoufromtheirevilandbestowonyouyourguidance,andsafeguard
usandyoufromallthatincursHisWrathandPunishment.
Ihavebeeninformedofsomethingspeoplemade,whichbreaktheheartandentaildisrepute,including
negligenceinSalah(prayer),shavingoffbeards,growingmustaches,smoking,andcriticizingthosewhodo
notfollowtheirway.ByAllah,thisisshamefulandhighlydangerous.Itcouldleaditsfollowerstohard
heartednessanddisengagementfromthereligion.So,fearAllahasregardsthesematters,keepfirm,and
straightonHisShariàh,andguardagainstdisobeyingHimorimitatingHisenemies,sincetheseareall
amongthemeansofdeviatinghearts.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Sowhentheyturnedaway(fromthePathofAllh),
Allhturnedtheirheartsaway(fromtheRightPath). Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Andletthosewhoopposethe
Messengers(Muhammad)commandment(i.e.hisSunnahlegalways,orders,actsofworship,statements)
(amongthesects)beware,lestsomeFitnah(disbelief,trials,afflictions,earthquakes,killing,overpoweredbyatyrant)shouldbefall
themorapainfultormentbeinflictedonthem. Besides,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)warnedagainstthe
mannersreferredto,whiletheGloriousQur'anindicatedthatnegligenceinSalahisamongthecharacteristics
ofthehypocrites.Itisreportedinthe"TwoSahihBooks[AlBukhariandMuslim]"fromtheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)thathesaid, Actcontrarytothepolytheists,trimmoustaches,andgrowbeards. Somenarrations,

however,read, andletthebeardsgrow. Itisalsoreportedinthe"TwoSahihBooks" thattheProphet(peacebeupon
him)forbadeAlQaza`(leavingatuftofhairhereandthereaftershavingone'shead.) AccordingtothenarrationofAhmad
andothers,hesaid Haveyourhairallshaved,orleaveitallunshaven. .Moreover,itisreportedin"AlMusnad"and
otherHadithbooksthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Hewhocopiesanypeopleisoneofthem. In
addition,manytextsoftheQur'anandtheSunnahincludethecommandtoactinoppositiontothe
polytheistsandbewareofevilmanners,sinceimitatingtheminvolvesseriousdanger.Suchimitationisa
meanstosatisfactionwiththeirreligion,neglectofIslamanditsteachings,andabhorrenceofthosewhocall
toit.Thus,fearAllahinthisregardandguardagainstwhatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andHisMessenger(peace
beuponhim)haveprohibited.
Youseethatmanyforeigners,whentheyreachtheMuslimlands,retaintheirlicentiousmannerofdressing www.ircpk.com
andlowmorals,anddonotimitatethemoralsoftheMuslims,asordainedbytheShariàh.Therefore,you
areworthierandmoreentitledtokeepyourdressingmannerandyournoblemorals,eveniftheyare
dispraisedbythepolytheists.ApropheticHadithreads, WhoeverseeksthepleasureofAllahattheriskofdispleasing
thepeople,Allahwilltakecareofhimandprotecthimfromthem. Accordingtoanotherwording: Allahwillbepleasedwith
himandwillmakepeoplepleasedwithhim.Theonewhoseekspeople'spleasurebyincurringAllah'sAnger,thosepeoplewillnot
protecthimfromanythingdestinedbyAllah. Athirdwordingtells: Allahwillbedispleasedwithhimandwillcausepeopletobe
displeasedwithhim.Tobaccoisnoxiousandharmfuland(forsomepeople)itsintoxicatingeffectisquite
known.Moreover,researchingscholarsstatedthatitisprohibitedandthattheonewhosmokesshouldbe
disciplined,asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Theyaskyou(OMuhammad)whatislawfulforthem(as
food).Say:"LawfuluntoyouareAtTayyibt[allkindofHall(lawfulgood)foodswhichAllhhasmadelawful(meatofslaughtered
eatableanimals,milkproducts,fats,vegetablesandfruits)]. Furthermore,tobaccoisimpureaccordingtoexperts,and
thusitisprohibitedaccordingtothetextoftheverse.Itisprohibitedfromtwoperspectives,namelyits
harmfuleffectand(forsomepeople)itsintoxication.Thus,itobligatoryuponyoutoguardagainstallthese
vices,toadviseoneanothertoavoidit,andtorepenttoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)ofpastsinsandtoaskHim
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)toguideusandendowuswithsuccessandsafetyfromallthatdispleasesHim.
Thisissomebriefadvicepromptedbymyinterestinbringingabout
goodforyouandfearforyoufromobeyingSatanandhisfollowers.Hence,IaskAllahtoguideusandyou
toHisStraightPathandmakeusandyouofthosewhoacceptadviceandavoidthemeansofdisgrace.Heis
indeedAbletodoallthings.MayAllah'sPeace,Mercy,andBlessingsbeuponyou.
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EnjoiningtheRightandForbiddingtheWrong
arethemeansofsocietyreformandsalvation
AllpraisebetoAllahAlone.PeaceandblessingsbeuponHisMessenger,andhisfamily,and
Companions.
EnjoiningtherightandforbiddingthewrongisthemostimportantIslamicobligationfor
reformation,integrity,andsalvationofthecommunityinthepresentworldandinthe
Hereafter.Itisauthenticallyreportedin"SahihAlBukhari"fromAlNu`manibnBashir(mayAllahbe
pleasedwithhim)whosaid,"IheardtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)say, Theexampleofthe
personabidingbyAllah'srestrictionsincomparisontothosewhoviolatethemisliketheexampleofagroupofpeoplewhodrewlots
fortheirseatsinaship.Someofthemgotseatsintheupperpartandtheothersinthelower.Whenthelatterneededwater,they
hadtogouptobringwater(andthattroubledtheothers),sotheysaid,'Letusmakeaholeinourshareoftheship(andgetwater)
savingthosewhoareaboveusfromtroublingthem'.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said,'So,ifthepeopleintheupperpartleft
theothersdowhattheyhadsuggested,allthepeople(onboard)wouldbedestroyed,butiftheypreventedthem,bothpartieswould
besafe." So,considerOfellowMuslimthissignificantexamplegivenbytheMasterofall
ChildrenofAdam,theMessengeroftheLordoftheWorlds,andthemostknowledgeable
abouttheconditionsofsocietyandthemeansofreformandthereasonsforcorruption.This
examplepresentsacrystalclearindicationregardingthesignificanceofenjoininggoodand
forbiddingevil,showingthatitisthewayofsalvationandreformationofsociety.
Consequently,itisthedutyandobligationimposedontheMuslimstoundertakeit,sinceitis
indeedthewaytotheirsafetyfromthemeansofperdition.
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)frequentlymentionedenjoininggoodandforbiddingevilinHisGlorious
BookandstatedthatMuslimsarethebestofallnations
becauseoftheirpraiseworthytraits,themostimportantofwhichistheenjoiningofrightand
forbiddingofwrong.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, You[truebelieversinIslmicMonotheism,
andrealfollowersofProphetMuhammad)andhisSunnah]arethebestofpeopleseverraisedupformankind
youenjoinAlMarf(i.e.IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmhasordained)andforbidAlMunkar(polytheism,disbeliefandallthat
Islmhasforbidden),andyoubelieveinAllh.
Thus,areligiousMuslimwhocaresforthereformationofsocietyshouldthinkhowAllah
openedthisversebymentioningenjoiningrightandforbiddingevilbeforementioningbelief,
eventhoughbeliefisaconditionforthevalidityofallactsofworships.Thisindicatesthe
significanceofsuchanobligation,forAllah(ExaltedbeHe)gaveitprecedencebecauseofthe
generalreformationitentails.
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsosays, Thebelievers,menandwomen,areAuliy(helpers,supporters,
friends,protectors)ofoneanothertheyenjoin(onthepeople)AlMarf(i.e.IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmordersoneto
do),andforbid(people)fromAlMunkar(i.e.polytheismanddisbeliefofallkinds,andallthatIslmhasforbidden)theyperformAs
Salt(IqmatasSalt),andgivetheZakt,andobeyAllhandHisMessenger.AllhwillhaveHisMercyonthem.SurelyAllhisAll
Mighty,AllW i s e . Obrother,reflecthowAllahinitiatestheversewiththementionofenjoining
goodandforbiddingevil,givingitprecedenceoverSalahandZakahonlybecauseofthe
previousindicationofitssignificantweightanditsuniversalbenefitandimpactonsociety.
Thisversealsoindicatesthatenjoininggoodandforbiddingevilisatraitexclusivetothe
believers,maleandfemale,andoneoftheirobligatorycharacteristicsthattheycanneither
abandonorneglect.Indeed,therearemanyversescontainingthesamemeaning.
Ontheotherhand,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)condemnedandcursedthosewhoabandonedthis
obligationsuchastheIsraelitedisbelieversAllah(ExaltedbeHe)saysinHisGloriousBook,inSurah
A lMa'idah, ThoseamongtheChildrenofIsraelwhodisbelievedwerecursedbythetongueofDwd(David)andIs(Jesus),
sonofMaryam(Mary).Thatwasbecausetheydisobeyed(AllhandtheMessengers)andwereevertransgressingbeyondbounds.
TheyusednottoforbidoneanotherfromAlMunkar(wrong,evildoing,sins,polytheism,disbelief)whichtheycommitted.Vileindeed
waswhattheyusedtodo. ThisverseincludesguidancefromAllah(ExaltedbeHe)totheUmmahof
Muhammad(peacebeuponhim)thatthereasonforcursingthedisbelieversoftheChildrenofIsrael
andcondemningthemistheirdisobedienceandtransgression.Thistransgressioninvolves
theirneglecttoforbid
evilamongthemselves.Inconsequence,theverseimpliesawarningforourUmmahthatthey
shouldguardagainsttheevilconsequencesthatbefelltheChildrenofIsraelandtokeepaway
fromsuchabominabletraits.TheversealsopointsoutthatwheneverourUmmahfollowsthe
abominabletraitsofthedisbelieversamongtheChildrenofIsrael,theywilldeservecursingand
www.ircpk.com
condemnationincurredonthosedisbelievers.Thisisbecausetheonlylinkbetweenhumans
andtheirLordisthatofworshipandobedienceso,thosewhouprightlyadheretotheworship
ofAllahAlone,submitstoHisCommands,andabandonswhatHeprohibited,willdeserve
DivinehonoroutofAllah'sBountyandBenevolence.Moreover,hewillhaveanhonorable
mentionandacommendableconsequence.However,thosewhodeviatefromthepathoftruth
willincurcondemnationandcursing,andwilldrawuponthemselvesdisappointmentandloss.
ItisauthenticallyproventhattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Whoever,amongyou,sees
somethingabominableshouldrectifyitwithhishandandifhedoesnothaveenoughstrengthtodoit,thenheshoulddoitwithhis
tongueandifhedoesnothaveenoughstrengthtodoit,(even)thenheshould(abhorit)fromhisheart,andthatistheleast(form)
ofFaith. ReportedbyMuslim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)inhis"Sahih".
MuslimalsoreportedfromIbnMasùd(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet(peace
beuponhim)said, NeverhadaProphetbeensentbeforemebyAllahtohisnationbuthehadamonghispeoplehisdisciples
andcompanionswhofollowedhiswayandobeyedhiscommand.Thentherecameafterthemsuccessorswhosaywhatevertheydo
notpractice,andpracticewhatevertheyarenotcommandedtodo.Hewhostrivesagainstthemwithhishandisabeliever:hewho
strivesagainstthemwithhistongueisabeliever,andhewhostrivesagainstthemwithhisheartisabeliever,andbeyondthatthere
isnofaitheventotheextentofamustardseed.
So,fearAllahOMuslimasregardsyourself,struggleagainstitforthesakeofAllah,stand
firmandstraightonHisLaw,anddiligentlystrivetoguidethoseunderyourwingincluding
yourfamily,siblings,andothersenjoingoodandforbidevilasmuchasyoucanatallplaces
andtimesinconformitywiththeSharìevidencementionedaboveadoptthemoralityofthe
believersandbewareofthemannersofdisbelieversandcriminalsandeagerlyseekthe
salvationforyou,yourfamilyandyourfellowMuslims.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
says, AndenjoinAsSalt(theprayer)onyourfamily,andbepatientinofferingthem[i.e.theSalt(prayers)]. He(Glorified
andExaltedbeHe)alsosays,
Oyouwhobelieve!WardoffyourselvesandyourfamiliesagainstaFire(Hell)whosefuelismenandstones,overwhichare
(appointed)angelsstern(and)severe,whodisobeynot,(fromexecuting)theCommandstheyreceivefromAllh,butdothatwhich
theyarecommanded. Besides,itisnarratedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)onceascended
thepulpit,thankedandpraisedAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andsaid, Opeople,Allahsaystoyou,enjoinright
andforbidevil,lestyoushouldsupplicatetoMebutIdonotansweryour(supplication),andaskforMyFavorbutIdonotgiveyou,
andseekMyHelpbutIdonothelpyou. ReportedbyIbnMajahandIbnHibbaninhis"Sahih".Thepresent
wording,however,isquotedfromIbnHibban.
A lMa`ruf(good),Ofellowbrother,referstoallthatAllahandHisMessengercommanded
whileAlMunkar(evil)referstoallthatAllahandHisMessengerprohibited.AlMa`ruf
includesallactsofworship,verbalandpractical,whileAlMunkarcoversallactsof
disobedience,verbalorpractical.So,knowOfellowMuslimbrotherthateveryMuslimis
responsibleforthoseunderhiscare,asitisreportedin"Sahih"ofAlBukhari(mayAllahbe
mercifulwithhim)fromIbnÙmar(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemboth)thattheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)said, "Allofyouareguardiansandareresponsibleforyourcharges,theruleristheguardianofhis
subjectsandisresponsibleforthem,theman(husband)istheguardianofhisfamilyandisresponsibleforthem,thewoman(wife)is
theguardianofherhusband'shouseandisresponsibleforit,andtheslaveistheguardianofhismaster'sbelongingsandis
responsibleforthem".Thenhe(peacebeuponhim)said,"Youareallguardiansandresponsibleforyourcharges" .
OSlaveofAllah,FearAllahandprepareananswerforquestionbeforeyoufacingthings
beyondhumanability.ItisAllahWhomweasktoguideusalltoHisStraightPath,andtolead
usalltocarryoutHisCommands,standfirmonHisReligion,andmutuallyenjoingood,
disavowevil,andadvisesincereanddevoutpatienceinperformingit.Indeed,Heisthe
MasterofallthisandisAbletodoit.MayAllah'sPeaceandBlessingsbeuponHisSlaveand
Messenger,ourProphetMuhammad,hisfamily,andCompanions,andthosewhofollowhis
guidance.
www.ircpk.com

RulingofShariàhregardingGhulamAhmadBirwiz
AllpraisebetoAllahAlone,andpeaceandblessingsbeuponHisMessenger,andhisfamily
andCompanions.
IhavereviewedthearticlepublishedinAlHajjMagazine,initssecondissuedated16
Sha`ban,1382A.H.,ontheFatwarequestsubmittedtoitbyourfellowscholar,Shaykh
MuhammadYusufAlBanury,principaloftheArabIslamicSchoolinKarachi,abouttheruling
ofShariàh(Islamiclaw)regardingGhulamAhmadBirwiz,whohasrecentlycomeintoviewin
thelandsofIndia,andregardinghisbeliefs,examplesofwhichwerepresentedbythe
reverendquestioner.Healsoenquiredaboutthereligiousrulingonthosewhofollow,
embrace,andcalltosuchbeliefs,andsoon.
A : TheexamplesofthebeliefsofGhulamAhmadBirwiz,asquotedbythequestionerinhisFatwa
requestpublishedinthesaidmagazine,amounttotwenty.Allpeopleendowedwith
knowledgeandinsight,whoexaminesuchexamples,willrealizebeyonddoubtthathewho
embracesandcallstosuchbeliefshasfallenintomajorKufr(disbelief)andapostatizedfrom
Islam.Therefore,heshouldbeinvitedtorepent.Hemustunequivocallyrepentofhisformer
beliefsandbeliethem,andpublishsuchrepentanceinlocalnewspapersjustashehad
publishedhisfalsebeliefstherein.Otherwise,itbecomesobligatoryfortherulerofthe
MuslimstokillhimarulingwhichisMa`lumminaddinbiddarurah(awellestablished
religiousmatter).TheproofscorroboratingsucharulingintheQur'an,
theSunnah(whateverisreportedfromtheProphet),andtheIjma`(consensusofscholars)
aretoomanytobesurveyedinthepresentanswer.Alltheexamplespresentedbythe
questionerofthebeliefsofGhulamAhmadBirwiznecessitatedeclaringhimaKafir(disbeliever)and
Murtad(apostate),accordingtothescholarsofIslamicShariàh.
Herewequotesomeofthereferredtoexamplessothatthereaderswouldrealizehowmuch
heinous,offensive,andfarfromIslamaresuchbeliefs,andwouldrecognizethatthosewho
embracethemdonotbelieveinAllah,theDayofResurrection,theMessenger(peacebeupon
him),orwhatAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)andHisMessengerinformedofregardingthe
Hereafter,Paradise,andtheFire.Besides,thereaderwouldperceivethatthosewhoembrace
suchbeliefsarefardistancedfromwhatthemessengersweresentwith,andthattheyharbor
bitterenmity,grudge,andintrigueagainstIslamandMuslims.Moreover,theyarecrafty
plotters,skilledinconfusingpeople,andarebereftofdecencyandgoodmanners.
WeaskAllah(ExaltedbeHe)forwellbeingandsafetyforusandforallMuslimsfromthe
evilinflictedonthatevilatheist.
ThefirstexampleofthebeliefsoftheatheistGhulamAhmadBirwiz,accordingtowhatismentioned
intheFatwarequestpublishedinthereferredtomagazine,reads:"Allthatisstatedinthe
GloriousQur'anofSadaqat(voluntarycharities),inheritance,andotherfinancialrulingsare
temporary,andareintendedtograduallyriseuptoanindependentrole,namely[hecallsit]
thesystemofRububiyyah(Lordship).Thus,whenthetimecomes,theserulingswillcometo
anend,sincetheyaretemporaryandsubordinate."
Thesecondexample:"TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)andhisCompanionsdeducedfrom
theQur'anrulingsthatturnedouttobeShariàh.Likewise,allthosewhofollowhimare
consultativemembersofacentralgovernmententitledtoinferfromtheQur'anrulingsthat,in
turn,becometheShariàhoftheirage,whiletheyarenotrequiredtoapplythepreceding
Shariàh.Moreover,suchaprocessisnotlimitedtoonlyoneaspectoftheShariàh,butit
ratherappliestotheactsofworship,transactions,andmorals.ThatiswhytheQur'andidnot
specifythedetailsofworship."
Thethirdexample:"Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: ObeyAllhandobeytheMessenger(Muhammad
), andthoseofyou(Muslims)whoareinauthority. ThemeaningofobediencetoAllahandHis
MessengerisobediencetothecenteroftheUmmah(nationbasedononecreed),thatis,the
centralgovernment,while'thosewhoareinauthority'referstotheassembliesheldunderits
rule.Thus,thegovernmentaloneassumeslegislation.Besides,obediencetoAllahdoesnot
meanobediencetoHisBook,theQur'an,neitherdoesobediencetotheMessengermean
conformitywithhisHadith.Foreverycentralgovernmentinstitutedaftertheageof
RevelationenjoythepositionoftheMessenger,and,thus,obediencetoAllahandHis
Messengersurelymeanobediencetosuchagovernment.Evenmore,theMessengerwas www.ircpk.com
obeyedbecauseofbeingthecommanderandleaderofthecentralgovernment,whilewhat
wasobeyedwasthecentralgovernmentitself."
Thefourthexample:"TheGloriousQur'anstatesthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)does
notdeservetobeobeyed,andthathedoesnothavetherighttoimposeobediencetohimon
Muslims.Besides,obediencetoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)
meansnothingbutobediencetothecenterofthereligioussystem,whichimplementsthe
rulingsoftheQur'anonly."
Thesixthexample:"ParadiseandFiredonotrefertocertainplaces,buttheyratherreferto
theconditionsofman."
Thenineteenthexample:"BeliefinPredestination,boththegoodandtheevilthereof,isa
MagiansubterfugemadeasacreedforMuslims."
T h e s e d e a r r e a d e r s aresamplesoftheFatwarequestpublishedinthemagazine
(presentedinthesamewaytheyarearrangedintheFatwarequest),sothatyoumay
conceivethecorrectnessofwhatImentionedabove.Whenthereadersreviewtheother
examplespublishedinthemagazine,theywouldfindevidenceoftheheinousideasandKufr
ofGhulamAhmad.ThisleadsustomanyofAllah'sclearsignsandconclusiveproofsconfirming
HisWisdominHisCreationandHisAbsoluteAbilitytoturnheartsandtosealtheirdoom
throughdeviationsothattheycouldreachalmostinconceivablelimits.
PraisebetoAllah!HowSublimeisHeandhowPerfectisHisPower!Allahsays: ThusdoesAllh
sealuptheheartsofthosewhoknownot[theproofsandevidenceoftheOnenessofAllhi.e.thosewhotrynottounderstandtrue
factsthatwhichyou(Muhammad)havebroughttothem]. Thesequotedexamples,andalso
thoseunquoted,areprovenBatil(false)throughmanyAyahs(Qur'anicverses)andauthentic
HadithandthroughtheIjma`.TheAyahsincludethesayingsofAllah(GlorifiedandExalted
beHe): Say(OMuslims),"WebelieveinAllhandthatwhichhasbeensentdowntousandthatwhichhasbeensentdownto
Ibrhm(Abraham),Ism l(Ishmael),Ishq(Isaac),Yaqb(Jacob),andtoAlAsbt[theoffspringofthetwelvesonsofYaqb
(Jacob)],andthatwhichhasbeengiventoMs(Moses)andIs(Jesus),andthatwhichhasbeengiventotheProphetsfromtheir
Lord.Wemakenodistinctionbetweenanyofthem,andtoHimwehavesubmitted(inIslm)." Soiftheybelieveinthelikeofthat
whichyoubelieve,thentheyarerightlyguidedbutiftheyturnaway,thentheyareonlyinopposition.SoAllhwillsufficeyouagainst
them.AndHeistheAllHearer,theAllKnower. ThisatheisthasneverbelievedinwhatAllahsentdownto
Muhammad(peacebeuponhim)andtotheprecedingmessengers.Rather,hewholeheartedly
deniedit,asindicatedthroughhisdenialofobediencetoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andHis
Messenger(peacebeuponhim)andofHisShariàh,andhisdisbeliefinParadiseandFire,and
hisrejectionofPredestination.Indeed,thisassertsthatheisnotonlyaberrantbutalso
amongthepeopleofdissension,disbelief,andatheism.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: Truly,the
religionwithAllhisIslm. Yet,thisatheistdeniesthis(religion)andbelievesthatobediencetothe
Messenger(peacebeuponhim)wasconfinedtohislifetime,andthathewasobeyed,not
becauseofbeingtheMessengerofAllah,butbecausehewastheleaderofthecentral
government.Likewise,hedeniesobediencetoAllahandrefusestoconformtoit,sincefor
himobedienceisdueonlytothecentralgovernment,nomatterwhatformittakes.Suchis
anexplicitdenialofAllahandtheQur'anandplainnegationofIslamandofthefactthatitis
thereligionthatmustbeembraced.Moreover,hebelievesthattheduereligionisthat
enactedbythecentralgovernment,evenifitcontradictstheQur'anandtheSunnah.Inthis
regard,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: AndwhoeverseeksareligionotherthanIslm,itwillneverbeacceptedofhim,
andintheHereafterhewillbeoneofthelosers.
Inaddition,thisatheistasshownabovedoesnotacceptthisAyah,andinturnhebelies
AllahandopposesHim.Hence,hewillbeoneofthelosersintheHereafter,knowingthatthe
loserintheHereafterortheabsoluteloseristheKafir,whodeserveseverlastingtorturein
theFire.WeseekrefugewithAllahagainstsuchanending!Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: Oyou
whobelieve!ObeyAllhandobeytheMessenger(Muhammad),andthoseofyou(Muslims)whoareinauthority.
(And)ifyoudifferinanythingamongstyourselves,referittoAllhandHisMessenger(),ifyoubelieveinAllhand
intheLastDay.Thatisbetterandmoresuitableforfinaldetermination. He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Thecommand
(orthejudgement)isfornonebutAllh.HehascommandedthatyouworshipnonebutHim(i.e.HisMonotheism)thatisthe(true)
straightreligion and Andinwhatsoeveryoudiffer,thedecisionthereofiswithAllh(HeistherulingJudge). Thisdeviating
atheist,however,rejectsalltheseAyahsanddeniesbothobediencetoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)
andHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)andreferraltothemforjudgment(asalready
indicatedabove).Furthermore,hebelievesthatallsuchmattersaredueforthecentral
governmentandthisisenoughtodeclarehimaKafirandtodismissasheinoushisopposition
toAllah,HisBook,HisMessenger,andtheMuslims.Thereisnoneedtopresentanargument
inconfirmationoftheKufr,aberrancy,anddeviationoftheoneholdingsuchbeliefs,foritisas
clearasdaylight.Besides,therearenumerousAyahstothiseffect.
AsfortheHadith,itisauthenticallyreportedfromAllah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim)in
theTwoSahih(authentic)BooksofHadithandothersthathesaid: Everyprophetwouldbesenttohis
nationonly,butIhavebeensenttoallmankind. Itisalsoprovenauthenticthathe(peacebeuponhim)was
reportedtohavesaid: MyentireUmmahwillenterParadiseexcepttheonewhorefuses.Itwassaid,'O,Messengerof www.ircpk.com
Allah,whowillrefuse?'Hesaid,'WhoeverobeysmewillenterParadise,andwhoeverdisobeysmeistheonewhorefuses.'
(RelatedbyAlBukhari)
Again,Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)saysintheGloriousQur'an: Say(OMuhammad):"O
mankind!Verily,IamsenttoyouallastheMessengerofAllh and HewhoobeystheMessenger(Muhammad
),hasindeedobeyedAllh
However,thisatheist
doesnotbelievethathe(peacebeuponhim)wassentbyAllah,thathemustbeobeyed,or
thatheisaMessengertoallmankind.Rather,hebelievesthathe(peacebeuponhim)was
onlytobeobeyedduringhislifetimeandonlyonthegroundsofhisbeingtheheadofthe
centralgovernment,notbecauseofhisbeingtheMessengerofAllah.So,praisebetoAllah,
howheinousissuchaclaimandhowfardistancedfromguidanceisit!Accordingtowell
establishedreligiousmattersthatarerecordedinauthenticreferences,theMuslims
unanimouslyagreethatwhoeverbeliesAllahorHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim),evenif
aboutasmallmatter,deemsapostasyfromIslampermissible,orsaysthattheProphet(peace
beuponhim)wassenttotheArabsonlyortothepeoplelivingduringhislifetime,becomesa
KafirandMurtad,whosekillingisdeclaredlawfulandwhosemoneyistobeseized.Praisebe
toAllah,thispointisuncontroversialamongreligiousscholars,and,thus,thereisnoneedfor
moreelaborationonthematterthroughquotingsuchunanimityfromreliablesources.Ihope
thatwhatisalreadymentionedissatisfactoryforthequestionerandforthereadersin
general.Undoubtedly,theKufrofGhulamAhmadBirwiz,accordingtowhatisquotedofhisbeliefs
andopinions,istakenforgrantedbycommonMuslims,nottomentionscholars.Thus,thereis
nomoreneedtostateingreatdetailtheproofsofsuchaclaim.WeaskAllahtosafeguardthe
MuslimsfromtheevilofGhulamAhmadandthoselikehim,tobridletheenemiesofIslam
wherevertheymaybe,tofoiltheirintrigues,andtoletthemperishintheirragewithout
fulfillingtheirintentionsverily,HeisAbletodoallthings.
Allah(Alone)isSufficientforus,andHeistheBestDisposerofaffairs(forus)andthereis
neithermightnorpowerexceptwithHim.MaypeaceandblessingsbeuponHisServantand
Messenger,ourMasterandImam,MuhammadibnÀbdullahwhowassenttoallmankind
withtheperfectShariàhuntiltheDayofResurrectionanduponhisfamilyandCompanions,
anduponthosewhouprightlyfollowthemuntiltheDayofResurrection.AllpraisebetoAllah,
theLordoftheWorlds.
www.ircpk.com

Rulingonsorcery,soothsaying,andrelatedissues
PraisebetoAllahAlone,andpeaceandblessingsbeupontheFinalProphet.
Giventherecentprevalenceofevildoersinsomecountrieswho,throughfeigningknowledge
ofmedicine,employsorceryandsoothsayingintreatingandexploitingnaiveandignorant
people,Ihavefounditnecessarytodemonstratethetrulydangerousimpactofthisupon
IslamandMuslims,becauseitinvolvesattachmenttootherthanAllah(ExaltedbeHe)and
disobediencetoHimandHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim).Infact,thisemanatesfromthe
obligationtogivesincereadvicefortheSakeofAllahtoHisServants.
ThereisagreementbetweenMuslimscholarsthatitispermissibletoreceivemedical
treatmentandthataMuslimcangotoadoctorofinternaldiseases,asurgeon,aneurologist,
andsoon,todiagnosetheirdiseaseandprescribetheappropriateandreligiouslypermitted
medicine.Thisfallsundertheruleofadoptingthepropermeanstoreachaspecificendand
doesnotcontradictTawakkul(puttingonestrustinAllah).Indeed,Allah(Glorifiedand
ExaltedbeHe)hascreatedboththediseasesandtheircures.Acuremaybeknownoryetto
bediscovered.However,Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)hasnotplacedacureinanyprohibitedthing.
Thus,itisnotpermissibleforanillpersontoconsultsoothsayers,whoclaimknowledgeofthe
Ghayb(theUnseen),andaskthemabouttheirillness.Itisalsonotpermissibleforthisill
persontobelievewhattheysay,forindeed,theyonlyconjecture
orinvokeJinn(creaturescreatedfromfire)tohelpthemdowhattheywant.Thoseare
regardedbyShariàh(Islamiclaw)asastrayanddisbelievingpeople,incasetheyclaimto
possessknowledgeoftheGhayb.
ItwasrelatedbyMusliminhisSahih(authentic)BookofHadiththattheProphet(peacebeupon
him)said: Anyonewhovisitsadivinerandaskshimaboutanything,hisSalah(Prayer)extendingtofortynightswillnotbe
accepted. Also,ontheauthorityof AbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)whoreportedthatthe
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)said: Whoevervisitsasoothsayerandbelievesinwhathesayshasdisbelievedinwhat
wasrevealedtoMuhammad(peacebeuponhim). (RelatedbyAbuDawudandtheCompilersofHadith(Imams
A lTirmidhy,AlNasa'yandIbnMajah))TheHadithwasauthenticatedbyAlHakiminthe
followingwording: Whoevervisitsadivinerorasoothsayerandbelievesinwhathesayshasdisbelievedinwhatwas
revealedtoMuhammad(peacebeuponhim). OntheauthorityofÌmranibnHusayn(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)who
reportedthatAllah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim)said: Heisnotofuswhoseesevilomensorhasthem
seenforhim,whopracticessoothsayingorhasitpracticedforhim,andwhoperformssorceryorhasitperformedforhim.And
whoevergoestoasoothsayerandbelievesinwhathesayshasdisbelievedinwhatwasrevealedtoMuhammad(peacebeuponhim).
(RelatedbyAlBazzarwithagoodSanad(chainofnarrators))
TheseHadithprohibitaMuslimfromgoingtodiviners,soothsayers,sorcerersandthelike,for
helpandfrombelievingwhattheysay.TheHadithfurtherdemonstratetheevilconsequences
ofthisact.Hence,therulers,thoseinauthoritywhoareresponsibleforpropagatingvirtue
andpreventingvice,andallthosewhohavepowerandinfluenceshouldstronglydenounce
thisactofconsultingsoothsayersanddivinersandtheyshouldbananysuchpracticein
marketplacesandelsewhere.Weshouldnotbedeceptivelyinfluencedwhenwefindthat
someofwhattheysayprovetobetruenorwhenweobservethattheyarefrequentedbyso
manypeople,forindeedtheseareignorantpeoplewhomitisnotappropriatetotakeasan
exampletofollow.TheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)forbadethataMuslimshouldconsult
suchpeople,askthemforhelp,andbelievethem,indicatingthatthisactconstitutesagrave
sinandcausesgreatdangersandevilconsequences.Also,thequotedHadithclearlypointout
tothepersistentlyinganddisbeliefofsoothsayersandsorcerersbecausetheyfeign
knowledgeoftheGhaybandtheydonotreachtheirgoalsexceptbyservingJinnand
performingactsofworshipforthemapartfromAllah.ThisisKufr(disbelief)andShirk
(associatingotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship),andwhoeverconsultsthemand
believestheirclaimsaboutknowingtheGhaybisoneofthemandAllah'sMessenger(peace
beuponhim)isfreeofthem.
ItisnotpermissibleforMuslimstoreceivetheirallegedtreatmentbymutteringandpouring
oflead,inadditiontoothersuperstitiousactsthattheydo.Apersonwhogoesalongwiththat
hasindeedsupportedthemintheirfalsehoodandKufr.Also,itisnotpermittedforaMuslim
toconsultsuchpeopleandaskthemaboutwhowouldbethewifeofhisorhersonorofa
relative,orabouthowthingswouldbebetweenthemarriedcoupleandtheirfamiliesfor www.ircpk.com
example,wouldthereexistloveandloyaltyorfeudandseparation?Indeed,theseare
mattersoftheGhayb,whichonlyAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)knows.Moreover,sorcery
isamongtheprohibitedactstantamounttoKufr.AllahsaysinSurahAlBaqarahaboutthe
angels: butneitherofthesetwo(angels)taughtanyone(suchthings)tilltheyhadsaid,Weareonlyfortrial,sodisbelievenot(by
learningthismagicfromus).Andfromthese(angels)peoplelearnthatbywhichtheycauseseparationbetweenmanandhiswife,
buttheycouldnotthusharmanyoneexceptbyAllhsLeave.Andtheylearnthatwhichharmsthemandprofitsthemnot.Andindeed
theyknewthatthebuyersofit(magic)wouldhavenoshareintheHereafter.Andhowbadindeedwasthatforwhichtheysoldtheir
ownselves,iftheybutknew.
ThisnobleAyah(Qur'anicverse)categoricallyindicatesthatsorceryisKufrandthatsorcerers
causeseparationbetweenamanandhiswife.Moreover,theAyahpointsouttothefactthat
sorceryinitselfcannotbringaboutbenefitorcauseharm,exceptbythepermissionofAllah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)Whohascreatedbothgoodandevil.Theliarswhoinherited
thesescienceshavetrulycausedgreatharmandconfusedandinfluencedtheweakminded
trulytoAllahwebelongandtoHimwewillreturnHesufficesusandistheBestDisposerof
affairs.
AmongtheindicationsderivedfromthenobleAyahisthatthosewholearnsorcerydo,infact,
learnwhatcausesthemharm,notbenefit,andthatsuchpeoplewillnothaveasharewith
AllahontheDayofResurrection.Thisseriousthreatindicatesthegreatlosstheywillincurin
theworldlylifeandthelifetocome.Theyhavesoldthemselvesatthecheapestofpricesso
Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)dispraisesthem,bysaying: Andhowbadindeedwasthatforwhichtheysoldtheir
ownselves,iftheybutknew.
WeseekrefugewithAllahfromtheevilofsorcerers,soothsayers,andcharlatansandwe
imploreHim(GlorifiedbeHe)toprotectMuslimsfromtheirevils,andtoguidetheMuslim
rulerstobeontheirguardagainstthemandtoimplementAllah'sRulingonthemtosave
peoplefromtheirperniciousworkindeedAllahisAllGenerous.Asamercyandfavorfrom
Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)toHisServants,Hehaslaiddownallthatprecludestheevileffectsof
sorcerybeforeitoccursandalsothemeansoftreatingitafterithasalreadyoccurred.
Inthefollowinglines,wewillpresenttheShariàhcompliantmethodswithwhichtoavoid
thedangerouseffectsofsorcerybeforeitoccursandalsothemethodsoftreatmentafterit
actuallyoccurs.
Themostsignificantandeffectivemethodofprotectionfromthedangerofsorcerybeforeits
occurrenceistofortifyoneselfwiththeprescribedAdhkar(invocationsandRemembrances
saidatcertaintimesonaregularbasis),invocationsandprotectiveSurahs(Chaptersofthe
Qur'an).AMuslim,forexample,ishighlyrecommendedtoreciteAyatulKursy(theQuranic
VerseofAllahsChair,SurahAlBaqarah,2:255)followingtheperformanceofeachobligatory
SalahandtherelatedAdhkarsaidafterTaslim(salutationofpeaceendingthePrayer).Its
recitationisalsorecommendedbeforesleep.Ayatu lKursyisthegreatestAyahofthe
GloriousQur'anitsays: Allh!LilhaillaHuwa(nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutHe),AlHayyulQayyum(theEver
Living,theOneWhosustainsandprotectsallthatexists).NeitherslumbernorsleepovertakesHim.ToHimbelongswhateverisinthe
heavensandwhateverisontheearth.WhoishethatcanintercedewithHimexceptwithHisPermission?Heknowswhathappensto
them(Hiscreatures)inthisworld,andwhatwillhappentothemintheHereafter.AndtheywillnevercompassanythingofHis
KnowledgeexceptthatwhichHewills.HisKursextendsovertheheavensandtheearth,andHefeelsnofatigueinguardingand
preservingthem.AndHeistheMostHigh,theMostGreat.[ThisVerse2:255iscalledAyatulKurs] TheprotectiveSurahs
alsoinclude: Say(OMuhammad):"HeisAllh,(the)One. and Say:"Iseekrefugewith(Allh),theLord
ofthedaybreak, and Say:"Iseekrefugewith(Allh)theLordofmankind,
TheseSurahsaretoberecitedonceaftereachobligatorySalahexceptfortheFajr(Dawn)
andMaghrib(Sunset)Prayers,inwhichcasetheyaretoberecitedthrice.Servingthesame
purposeofprotectionaswellistherecitationofthelasttwoAyahsofSurahAlBaqarahat
thebeginningofevening,whichread: TheMessenger(Muhammad)believesinwhathasbeen
sentdowntohimfromhisLord,and(sodo)thebelievers.EachonebelievesinAllh,HisAngels,HisBooks,andHisMessengers.
(Theysay),"WemakenodistinctionbetweenoneanotherofHisMessengers"andtheysay,"Wehear,andweobey.(Weseek)Your
Forgiveness,ourLord,andtoYouisthereturn(ofall)." ItwasauthenticallyreportedfromAllah'sMessenger
(peacebeuponhim)thathesaid: WhoeverrecitesAyatulKursyduringthenightwillremainundertheprotectionof
AllahandnoSatanwillbeabletoapproachthemuntilthemorning. Itwasalsoauthenticallyreportedthathe
(peacebeuponhim)said: WhoeverrecitesthelasttwoAyahsofSurahAlBaqarahduringthenight,theywillbesufficient
forthem.(i.e.protectthemfromanyharm). AnothermethodofprotectionistooftenrepeatTaàwwudh
(seekingrefugewithAllah)bysaying:"IseekrefugewiththePerfectWordsofAllahfromthe
evilofwhatHehascreated,"bydayandbynightandwhencomingtoanyplace,whethera
house,adesert,intheairoronthesea.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Whoeveralights
somewhereandsays,"IseekrefugewiththePerfectWordsofAllahfromtheevilofwhatHehascreated,"nothingwillharmthem
untiltheyleavethatplace. StillanotherprotectiveDhikr(RemembranceofAllah)recommendedby
Allah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim)is:IntheNameofAllahwithWhoseNamenothingin
theearthortheheavenscancauseharm,andHeisAllHearing,AllKnowing.ThisDhikristo
besaidthreetimesatthebeginningofdayandatthebeginningofevening.TheseAdhkar
andsupplicationsforrefugeandprotection,ifsaidregularlyandwithsincerityandfaithin www.ircpk.com
AllahandrelianceuponHim,serveasaprotectiveshieldagainstsorceryandanyotherkindof
evil.Moreover,theyaretobeusedasthemosteffectiveweaponsforundoingsorceryafterit
hasbeendone.ThisshouldbeaccompaniedbyalotofentreatiestoAllah(GlorifiedbeHe)to
removetheharmandsuffering.Amongthesupplicationsauthenticallyreportedfromthe
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)
fortreatingdiseases,suchassorceryandothers,isthefollowingsupplicationthattheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)usedtosaythreetimeswhenperformingRuqyah(recitingQur'anand
sayingsupplicationsoverthesickseekinghealing)foranyofHisSahabah(Companions): O
Allah!Lordofmankind,removesuffering,heal,forYouaretheHealer.ThereisnoHealingbutYours,thatleavesnoinfirmity. Jibril
(Gabriel,peacebeuponhim)saidthefollowingsupplicationwhenheperformedRuqyahfor
theProphet(peacebeuponhim): IntheNameofAllah,Ireciteoveryoutohealyoufromeverythingthatharmsyou,
andfromtheevilofeverysoul,andenviouseye.MayAllahcureyou.IntheNameofAllah,Ireciteoveryou. Thisistobe
repeatedthrice.
Onemethodoftreatingsorceryafteritsoccurrenceitisalsoaneffectiveremedyforaman
whocannothavesexualintercoursewithhiswifebecauseofsorceryisthefollowing:Take
sevenleavesofthegreenSidr(lotetree)andpoundthemwithsomethinglikeastonethen
puttheminavesselandpourintoitanamountofwaterenoughforwashing.Afterthat,
recitethefollowingSurahsandAyahsoverthewater:AyatulKursy,SurahsAlKafirun,Al
Ikhlas,AlFalaq,andAlNas,andtheAyahsinSurahAlA`rafthatspeakofsorcery,which
read: AndWerevealedtoMs(Moses)(saying):"Throwyourstick,"andbehold!Itswallowedupstraightawayallthefalsehoods
whichtheyshowed. Thustruthwasconfirmed,andallthattheydidwasmadeofnoeffect. Sotheyweredefeatedthereand
returneddisgraced. Inaddition,recitetheAyahsinSurahYunus,whichread: AndFiraun(Pharaoh)said:
"Bringmeeverywellversedsorcerer." Andwhenthesorcererscame,Ms(Moses)saidtothem:"Castdownwhatyouwantto
cast!" Thenwhentheyhadcastdown,Ms(Moses)said:"WhatyouhavebroughtissorceryAllhwillsurelymakeitofnoeffect.
Verily,AllhdoesnotsetrighttheworkofAlMufsidn(theevildoers,corrupters). "AndAllhwillestablishandmakeapparentthe
truthbyHisWords,howevermuchtheMujrimn(criminals,disbelievers,polytheists,sinners)mayhateit." Alsorecitethe
AyahsinSurahTaHa,whichread:
Theysaid:"OMs(Moses)!Eitheryouthrowfirstorwebethefirsttothrow?" [Ms(Moses)]said:"Nay,throwyou(first)!"
Thenbehold!theirropesandtheirsticks,bytheirmagic,appearedtohimasthoughtheymovedfast. SoMs(Moses)conceived
fearinhimself. We(Allh)said:"Fearnot!Surely,youwillhavetheupperhand. "Andthrowthatwhichisinyourrighthand!It
willswallowupthatwhichtheyhavemade.Thatwhichtheyhavemadeisonlyamagicianstrick,andthemagicianwillneverbe
successful,towhateveramount(ofskill)hemayattain."
Thereafter,drinkthreetimesfromthatwaterandwashyourselfwiththerest.Thus,the
illnesswillbecured,ifAllahsowills.Thismethodmaybeemployedtwotimesormoreuntil
theillnessiscured.
Anothermosteffectivemeansoftreatingsorceryistoexertefforttoknowtheplacewhere
theitemonwhichsorcerywasdoneishidden.Ifitisdiscovered,takenoutanddamaged,the
sorcerydonewillbenullified.Theforegoingaresomeofthemethodsemployedforthe
preventionandtreatmentofsorcery.AndsuccesscanonlybeachievedwiththePermission
andHelpofAllah.
However,itisnotpermissibletoseekaremedyforsorcerythroughtheworkofsorcerers,
whichinvolvesattemptstogainthefavorofJinnbyofferingthemslaughteredanimalsand
otherofferings.Indeed,thisisaSatanicactandamajorShirk(associatingotherswithAllah
inHisDivinityorworship).Hence,Muslimsmustbewareofthat.Also,itisnotpermissibleto
seeksuchtreatmentfromsoothsayers,diviners,andcharlatansanddowhattheysay,forthey
areliars,evildoersanddisbelieverswhoclaimtohaveknowledgeoftheGhaybandcause
confusioninthemindsandheartsofpeople.TheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)warnedus
againstconsultingthem,askingfortheirhelp,andbelievingwhattheysay,aspreviously
illustratedatthebeginningofthisarticle.ItwasauthenticallyreportedfromAllah's
Messenger(peacebeuponhim)that: HewasaskedaboutNashrah(undoingsorcerybymeansofsorcery)fora
possessedperson.Hisreplywas:ItistheworkofSatan. (RelatedbyImamAhmadandAbuDawud,withagood
Sanad)WhattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)meantbyNashrahreferstothatwhichthe
peopleofJahiliyyah(preIslamictimeofignorance)usedtodo,whentheywouldask
sorcererstoundospellsorundosorcerybymeansofaspellfromanothersorcerer.
Yet,asdemonstratedabove,itisonlypermissibletoundosorcerybymeansofRuqyahand
prescribedsupplicationsforrefugeandprotection,alongwiththereligiouslypermitted
medicines.
ThisviewisadoptedbytheeruditescholarIbnAlQayyimandShaykhÀbdulRahmanibnHasan(mayAllahbe
mercifulwithbothofthem)inFathulMajid,inadditiontootherscholars.IimploreAllahtoprotect
Muslimsfromallharmandsins,preserveforthemtheirreligion,grantthemasoundanddeep
understandingofit,andprotectthemformanythingthatopposesHisShar`(Law).Peaceand www.ircpk.com
blessingsbeupontheMessengerandServantofAllah,Muhammad,anduponhisfamilyand
Companions!
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ItisamustthatnothingremainsintheArabianPeninsulaexceptMasjids(mosques)and
Muslims
QuestionsandAnswers
Q:Shaykh,theviewsofanalystsoftheconditionsoftheMuslimworlddifferfromoneperson
toanother,dependingontheirlocationandawareness.Someofthemseeitaworldtorn
apartandplaguedallthetime,andothersconsideritapositivemovement,awakeningand
blessedrevival,howcanwereconcilebetweenthetwoopinionsinviewofthereality?
A : Eachviewhasadifferentoutlook.TheMuslimworldistornbydifferencesand
disagreements,andthelackofagreementontheapplicationoftheShariàh(Islamiclaw)
law.Yet,AllPraisebetoAllah,thereisalotofactivityoftheIslamicyouthmovement,anda
lotofscholarsandknowledgeablegoodpeoplewhomakeDa`wah(callingtoIslam)toAllah,
guidingpeopletoit,advisingthoseinchargetoreturntothecorrectpathandfulfillthetruth.
TheMuslimworldconsistsofboththings,wehopethatthesecondviewwillprevailand
overpowerthefirst.MayAllahbringthemtogethertoagreeonHisrulings,andimprovetheir
affairsandhearts.PermanentCommitteeforScholarlyResearchandIfta'
www.ircpk.com

QEveryfairandsincerepersonknowswellthatMuslimsocietieshavesurvivedthrough
followingtheguidanceofAllahandtheimplementationofHisEnactments,whatisthecorrect
wayandrealisticmethodofbringingcommunitiestoacomprehensiveIslamiclife?
A : Thatisright,thereisnootherwayforsalvationormethodforenhancementofcooperation
amongpeopleexceptthatpeopleholdfasttogethertotheRopeofAllahandHisBookandto
theSunnah(whateverisreportedfromtheProphet)oftheMessengerofAllah(peacebeupon
him),knowingthattheonlywaytodothisisthateachandeverypersonbekeentounitewith
theirfellowMuslimswiththeaimofmakingtruthprevail,establishingtheReligionofAllah,
andapplyingAllah'sLaw.However,aslongaseveryoneisonlyworryingabouttheirown
statusandposition,tothedisregardofotherMuslimsandofunityandcooperationwiththose
inauthority,thendisunitywouldpersistinawaythatgivestheenemiesroomtocarryout
theircunningplansandaggravatetheruptureMuslimsalreadysuffer.
Q:So,doesthebiggershareofresponsibilityhereliemainlyontherulersandthoseincharge,
oronpeoplesandindividuals?
A : Theresponsibilityliesontheshouldersofpresidents,rulers,scholarsanddignitaries
altogether.Thus,scholarsanddignitariesareresponsibleforgivingadviceandobservesucha
matterinaseriousandactiveway,andtheymustnotdespair.Therulers,ontheotherhand,
shouldrespondandhaveTaqwa(fearingAllahasHeshouldbefeared)inAllah,andthey
shouldcooperatewithoneanotherinrighteousnessandTaqwa,beingthemselvespioneersin
thisregard.TheymustruleinlinewiththeShariàh(Islamiclaw)ofAllah,applyingitto
themselvesandtheircountry.Then,Allahwillmakethemvictorious,willsupportthemto
maintainthetruth,andwillguidetheirsubjectstofollowthem.He(ExaltedbeHe)willinstill
aweintheheartsoftheirenemiesthroughthem,andHewillenablethemtomaintaintheir
rights,sinceAllahAloneisHewhograntsvictory,asHe(ExaltedbeHe)says: Andthereisnovictory
exceptfromAllh. AndwhoeverhelpsintheCauseofAllah,Allahwillhelpthem,as(Exaltedbe
He)says: Oyouwhobelieve!Ifyouhelp(inthecauseof)Allh,Hewillhelpyou He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
says: Verily,AllhwillhelpthosewhohelpHis(Cause).Truly,AllhisAllStrong,AllMighty. Those(Muslimrulers)who,ifWe
givethempowerintheland,(they)enjoinIqamatasSalt[i.e.toperformthefivecompulsorycongregationalSalt(prayers)(the
malesinmosques)],topaytheZaktandtheyenjoinAlMarf(i.e.IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmordersonetodo),and
forbidAlMunkar(i.e.disbelief,polytheismandallthatIslmhasforbidden)[i.e.theymaketheQurnasthelawoftheircountryinall
thespheresoflife].
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Q:MuslimsmaintaintoleranceiscarryingoutIslamicDa`wah(callingtoIslam)andtheyexert
multipleandsincereeffortsinthisregardhowever,theysufferdifferencesandevendispute
amongthemselves.Howcanwereconcilethesepotentialsandnobleefforts?
HowcanwemakeitflowintothechannelofservingIslamicDa`wah?
A : Thereisnodoubtthatdissensionisoneofthemostseriousscourgesandcausesofwaste
ofefforts,whichleadtolossoftheright.For,dissensionamongIslamicsocietiesandcenters
affectsIslamicDa`wah.Hence,theonlywaytoredresssuchanissuewouldbetostrivein
comingtoanagreementamongthemselvesasregardstheirobjectives.Thismeansthatthey
shouldworktowardsthatwhichmaintainsthedignityofIslamandthesafetyoftheMuslims.
ItisWajib(obligatory)uponeverysociety,everycenterandeverygroupthatseekssalvation
intheHereaftertohelponeanotherinrighteousnessandpiety,andtobesinceretoAllahin
theirwork,andtohaveastheirfocusprevalenceoftheReligionofAllahinorderforallto
cometogetherintruth,implementingAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying: HelpyouoneanotherinAlBirr
andAtTaqw(virtue,righteousnessandpiety) .
Q:TheIslamiccountriesarestillwitnessingsuspiciouscallsforthedevelopmentofArab
nationalisminplaceofIslam,andsubstitutenationalassociationforIslamicfellowfeeling.
WhatistheproperandsoundrelationshipbetweenArabNationalismandIslam?
A : Thesearenullandvoidcalls,suchasnationalism,Arabism,socialism,communismorany
callotherthanIslam.Theyallconstitutefalseclaimsofignoranceandprejudices,whichmust
be
eliminated,astheyshouldinnowaypersist.Itisthusthedutyofrulers,presidentsand
scholarsinIslamiccountriestofightsuchgroups.ArabNationalismistheretoservethe
Shariàh(Islamiclaw)ofAllah,andnottobethebasisaroundwhichpeopleshouldgather.
SincetheQur'anwasrevealedinArabic,thosepeoplearerequiredtoimplementtheRulesof
AllahandserveHisShariàhthroughwhatAllahhasgiventhemoflanguageandpower.
WithoutIslam,theyarenothing,andbeforetheapplicationofIslamicrulingstheywereliving
inextremeignorance,rivalryanddissension.Thus,AllahunitedthemthroughIslamand
guidance,makingthemfollowtheMessenger(peacebeuponhim),andnotthroughtheirArab
nationalism.Thisbeingwasted,theywillbegoastrayandperish.
Q:TheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)said: NotworeligionsshouldexisttogetherintheArabianPeninsula
However,inmostcountriesoftheArabianPeninsulathereisahugepresenceofnonMuslim
workers,totheextentthatplacesofworshipwerebuiltforthem,beitforChristians,or
HindusorSikh.Whatisthestancethatgovernmentsinthesecountriesshouldtaketowards
suchapainfulphenomenonofimminentdanger?
A : ItwasauthenticallyreportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Notworeligionsshould
existtogetherinthe(Arabian)Peninsula. Itwasalsoauthenticallyreportedthatheorderedtheexpulsion
o ftheJewsandtheChristiansfromthePeninsula,andthatMuslimsaloneremaintherein.Besides,he
(peacebeuponhim)recommendedatthetimeofhisdeaththatallMushriks(pl.thosewho
associateotherswithAllahinworship)beevacuatedfromthePeninsula.Thiswas
authenticallyreportedfromtheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim),anditisbeyondany
doubt.Hence,itisobligatoryontherulerstocarryoutthiscommandment,asitwascarried
outbytheCaliphateoftheMuslims,Ùmar(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)whoexpelledall
theJewsfromKhaybarandevacuatedthem.So,therulersinSaudiArabia,inGulfcountriesandinallareas
ofthePeninsula,arerequiredtostriveindrivingoutallChristians,Buddhists,idolaters,
Hindus,andotherKafirs(disbelievers),andtobringinMuslimsonly.
Thisistherespectiveobligation,whichisaprominentstatementintheIslamicLaw.Whatis
meanthere,whichisobligatory,isthatthekafirsbeevacuatedfromthePeninsulaandthat
noneotherthantheMuslimlaborersshouldbebroughtin.Theyarealsorequiredtoselect
uprightMuslims,foramongtheMuslimsarethosewhoclaimtobeMuslimswhileinfactthey
aresowicked,harboringmischievousintentions.Itisanobligationonthosewhoseektohire
employeestoaskknowledgeablepersonsaboutthem,soastobringinonlyknowngood
Muslims,whoobserveprayersandassumetherightpath.AsfortheKafirs,theyshouldnever
beemployedexceptintimeofnecessity,accordingtoIslamiclaw.Suchlegalnecessityistobe www.ircpk.com
measuredonlybytherulers,inaccordancewiththeIslamicLawonly.
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Q:Inthecaseofurgentnecessity,isitacceptabletobuildhousesofworshipforthem?
A : ItisnotpermissibletobuildanyplaceofworshipfortheKafirs(disbelievers/non
Muslims)intheArabianPeninsulaorfortheChristians,orothers.Anythingthathasbeenbuiltinit
shouldbedestroyedifyouhavetheabilitytodoso.Itisanobligationuponthegovernorsto
destroyandremovethem,andthereshouldnotremainintheArabianPeninsulaanybastion
ofShirk(associatingothersinworshipwithAllah),churchesortemples.Ratheritisan
obligationtoremovethemfromthepeninsula,sothatnothingremainsotherthanMasjidsand
Muslims.
Q:Finally,wewouldliketohearsomeadvicefromyoufortheMuslimsonthisoccasion.
A : IcommendmyMuslimbrotherstohaveTaqwa(fearingAllahasHeshouldbefeared)in
Allahineveryaffair,andholdfasttoHisReligion,andfearHim,theGlorifiedandExalted
wherevertheyare.TheyshouldfollowHim,andjudgethemselvesinorderforthemnotto
commitwhatAllahhasforbiddenthemtodo.IcommendthemtohelponeanotherinAlBirr
andTaqwa(fearingAllahasHeshouldbefeared),andadvise
andrecommendoneanothertothetruth[i.e.orderoneanothertoperformallkindsofgood
deeds(AlMa`ruf)whichAllahhasordained,andabstainfromallkindsofsinsandevildeeds
( A lMunkar)whichAllahhasforbidden],andrecommendoneanothertopatience(forthe
suffering,harms,andinjurieswhichonemayencounterinAllahsCauseduringpreachingHis
religionofIslamicMonotheismorJihad),nomatterwheretheymaybe.Ialsocommendthem
togainknowledgeofthereligion,attendIslamiclectures,andaskthescholars.TheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)saidintheSahih(authentic)Hadith: TheoneforwhomAllahwishesgoodnessHewill
makehimunderstandthereligion. He(peacebeuponhim)alsosaid: Hewhotreadsapathseekingknowledge,Allah
willfacilitateforhimapathtoParadise. Solearningthereligionbyaskingisofthemostimportant
matters.
IaskAllahtheExaltedwithHisNamesandgreatAttributes,tograntsuccesstotheMuslims
nomatterwherevertheyare,andimprovetheirrulersandleaders,andtoguideeveryoneto
HisStraightPath.Andtohelptheleadersandtheirassociatesandtheirpeopletorulebythe
rulingsoftheShariàh(Islamiclaw),beruledbyitandadheretoitandadviseotherswithit,
andbewarnedofthosewhogoagainstit.AllahistheAllHearer,EverNear.MayAllah's
PeaceandBlessingsbeuponourProphetMuhammad,hisfamilyandCompanions.
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ImportantlessonsforCommonMuslims
Lesson1:MemorizingSurahAlFatihahandtheshortSurahs(fromSurahAlZalzalahtoSurahAlNas)with
agoodandsoundrecitation,andadeepunderstandingoftheirmeaningsasmuchaspossible.
Lesson2:UnderstandingthemeaningoftheDeclarationofFaith:"AshhaduAnLaIlahaIllaAllah,Wa
A s hhaduAnnaMuhammadanRasulAllah"andtoknowtheconditionsofthestatement:"LaIlahaIlla
Allah."ThemeaningoftheDeclarationofFaithis:Ibearwitnessthatthereisnogodworthyofworship
exceptAllah,andIbearwitnessthatMuhammadisHisMessenger.Thephrase"LaIlaha"negatesthe
existenceofalldeities,whilethephrase"IllaAllah"confirmsAllah'srightofLordshipandGodship,Who
Alonedeservestobeworshipped.
Theconditionsof"LaIlahaIllahAllah"areasfollows:knowledgethatnegatesignorance,certaintythat
negatesdoubt,sincerityofworshipthatnegatespolytheism,truthfulnessthatnegateslying,lovethat
negateshate,completesubmissionthatnegatesrebellion,acceptancethatnegatesrejection,andthe
rejectionofallthosethatareunjustlyworshipedbesidesAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe).
Allofthemarementionedinthefollowingpoeticlines:
Knowledge,certainty,sincerity, love,acceptance,submissionto
it
Rejectingallthoseworshipped theAlmighty,mayHebe
besidesAllah, GlorifiedandExalted
Lesson3:Therearesixpillarsoffaith:BeliefinAllah,HisAngels,HisRevealedBooks,HisMessengers,the
LastDay,andDivineDestiny,goodandbad.
Lesson4:Tawhid(monotheismoroneness)hasthreecategories:TawhidAlRububiyyah(Onenessofthe
LordshipofAllah),TawhidAlUluhiyyah(OnenessoftheWorshipofAllah)andTawhidAlAsmaWaAlSifat
(OnenessanduniquenessoftheNamesandAttributesofAllah).
Shirk(polytheism)hasalsothreecategories:ShirkAkbar(majorpolytheism),ShirkAsghar
(minorpolytheism)andShirkKhafiy(hiddenpolytheism).
Majorpolytheismmakesthedeedsofthosewhocommititvainandfruitless.Italsocausesthosewho
commitittoremaininHellFireforalleternity,asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says, Butiftheyhadjoinedinworship
otherswithAllh,allthattheyusedtodowouldhavebeenofnobenefittothem. Allahalsosays: ItisnotfortheMushrikn
(polytheists,idolaters,pagans,disbelieversintheOnenessofAllh),tomaintaintheMosquesofAllh(i.e.toprayandworshipAllh
therein,tolookaftertheircleanlinessandtheirbuilding,),whiletheywitnessagainsttheirownselvesofdisbelief.Theworksofsuch
areinvainandinFireshalltheyabide. Hence,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)willnotforgivethosewhocommitthistypeof
polytheismanddiewithoutrepentance.Also,theywillnotbeadmittedintotheParadiseasAllah(Exalted
beHe)says, Verily,AllhforgivesnotthatpartnersshouldbesetupwithHim(inworship),butHeforgivesexceptthat(anything
else)towhomHewills He(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays, Verily,whosoeversetsuppartners(inworship)withAllh,thenAllh
hasforbiddenParadisetohim,andtheFirewillbehisabode.AndfortheZlimn(polytheistsandwrongdoers)therearenohelpers.

Thistypeofpolytheismincludes,amongotherthings,seekingassistancefromthedeadandidols,
supplicatingtothem,makingvowsintheirnames,andofferingsacrificestothem.
MinorpolytheismincludessomeactsofpolytheismthatarementionedintheEverGloriousQur'anand
thePurifiedSunnah,suchasdissimulationthroughshowingoffcertainreligiousactsofworship,swearingby
otherthanAllah,andonessayingIfAllahandsoandsowills.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)says,
ThemostdreadfulthingIfearformyUmmahisminorShirk.WhenhewasaskedaboutminorShirk,he(peacebeuponhim)said:
Dissimulation.
(RelatedbyImamAhmad,A lTabaranyandAlBayhaqyontheauthorityofMahmudIbnLabidAlAnsarymayAllahbe
pleasedwithhimwithagoodchainofnarrators.Also,itwasrelatedbyAlTabaranywithagoodchainof
narratorsontheauthorityofMahmudIbnLabid,ontheauthorityofRafiÌbnKhadij)Also,theProphet(peacebe
uponhim)said, "HewhoswearsbyanythingotherthanAllahiscommittinganactofpolytheism''. (ReleatedbyImamAhmad
withasoundchainofnarrators,ontheauthorityofÙmarIbnAlKhattabmayAllahbepleasedwithhim)Also,
AbuDawudandAlTirmidhyrelatedwithasoundchainofnarrators,ontheauthorityofIbnÙmar(mayAllahbe
pleasedwithhim)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, HewhoswearsbyanyonebutAllahisadisbelieverora www.ircpk.com
polytheist.
Inaddition,he(peacebeuponhim)said, Donotsay,"WhatAllahwillsandsoandsowills,"butsay:"WhatAllahwillsand
afterwardssoandsowills. (RelatedbyAbuDawudwithasoundchainofnarraorsontheauthorityofHudhayfahIbnAl
Yaman,mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)
ThistypeofpolytheismdoesnottakeapersonoutofthefoldofIslam,nordoesitcausethosewhocommit
ittoabideinHellFireforever.Rather,itgoesagainsttheidealprinciplesofTawhid.
Theevidenceforthethirdcategoryofpolytheism,namelyhiddenpolytheism,comesfromthe
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)whosaid, ShouldInotinformyouofthewhatIfearmoreforyouthanAlMasihAdDajjal
(Antichrist)?Thepeoplesaid:YesOMessengerofAllah.He(peacebeuponhim)said:ItishiddenShirk.Apersonstandsupinprayer
andtriestomakeitperfectwhenherealizesthatothersarelookingathim. (RelatedbyImamAhmadinhisMusnadonthe
authorityofAbuSaìdAlKhudry,mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)
Polytheismcanalsobedividedintotwocategoriesonly:
First:Majorpolytheism.Second:Minorpolytheism.Hiddenpolytheismcanoccurinthemboth.Itcanbe
foundinmajorpolytheism,likethetypeofpolytheismcommittedbythehypocrites,whorevealbeliefwhile
entertainingfalsebeliefsforfearofbeingkilled.
Itcanalsooccurinthecaseofminorpolytheismintheformofshowingoff,asevidencedbyabove
mentionedHadithreportedontheauthorityofMahmudIbnLabidAlAnsaryandAbuSaìdAlKhudry.Allahisthe
Grantorofsuccess.
Lesson5:TherearefivepillarsofIslam:TotestifythatnonehastherighttobeworshippedbutAllahand
thatMuhammadisHisMessenger,toofferthefivecompulsoryprayersdutifullyandperfectly,topayZakah
(obligatoryalms),toobservefastduringRamadan,andtoperformHajj(pilgrimagetoMakkah)forthose
whocanafforditphysicallyandfinancially.
Lesson6:Therearenineconditionsofprayer:
Islam,sanity,discernment,majorandminorcleanliness,removalofimpurity,coveringtheÀwrah(partsof
thebodythatshouldbecovered),commencementoftheactualtimeofprayer,facingtheQiblah(the
directiontowardswhichMuslimsturntheirfacesinprayer)andintention.
Lesson7:Therearefourteenpillarsofprayer:
Standingforapersonwhoisabletodoso,thefirstTakbir(sayingAllahuAkbari.e.AllahistheGreatest),
whichsignalsthecommencementofprayers,therecitationofSurahAlFatihah,theactofbowing,standing
erectafterbowing,prostratingonthesevenparts,risingfromit(prostration),sittingbetweenthetwo
prostrations,deepconcentration,peacefulnessandtranquilityduringalltheactionsoftheprayer,the
recitationofthefinalTashahhud,sittingwhilerecitingthefinalTashahhud,invokingAllahsblessingupon
theProphet(peacebeuponhim),andthepronouncementofthetwoTaslims(salutations).
Lesson8:Thereareeightobligationsofprayer:
AlltheotherTakbirat,apartfromtheTakbir,whichsignalsthecommencementoftheprayer,saying,
SamiàAllahuLimanHamidah(AllahlistenstohimwhopraisesHim)forboththeImamandtheperson
whoisprayingindividually,saying,"RabbanaWaLakaAlHamd(OurLord,praisebetoyou)"fortheImam,
thosewhoarefollowinghim,andthepersonwhoisprayingindividuallysaying,"SubhanaRabbiyaAl
Àzhim(GlorybetomyLord,theAlmighty),"whilebowingsaying,"SubhanaRabbiyaAlA`la(Glorifiedis
myLord,theExalted)"whileprostratingonessaying,"RabbiIghfirLi(Forgiveme,myLord)"betweenthe
twoprostrationstherecitationofthefirstTashahhudandsittingwhilerecitingthefirstTashahhud.
Lesson9:TheTashahhudisasfollows:
Greetings,blessings,andgoodnessareduetoAllah.PeaceandMercyandBlessingsofAllahbeonyou,O
Prophet.MaypeacebeuponusandontherighteousslavesofAllah.Ibearwitnessthatthereisnogod
worthyofworshipexceptAllah,andIbearwitnessthatMuhammadisHisslaveandHisMessenger.
Thesecond(final)ofTashahhudreads:OAllah,sendYourFavor(GraceandHonor)onMuhammadandon
thefamilyofMuhammadasYouhavesentYourFavor(GraceandHonor)onIbrahimandonthefamilyof
Ibrahim.YouaretheMostPraised,MostGlorious.OAllah,bestowYourBlessingsonMuhammadandonthe
familyofMuhammadasYouhaveblessedIbrahimandthefamilyofIbrahim.YouaretheMostPraised,
MostGlorious.
InthefinalTashahhud,oneshouldseekAllahsRefugefrompunishmentintheFire,thepunishmentinthe
grave,thetrialsandtribulationsoflifeanddeath,andthetrialoftheAntichrist.Then,oneshouldreciteany
supplicationsonedesires,butpreferablythosethattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)hastaughtus.The
followingsupplicationprovidesanexample:
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OAllah,helpmetorememberYou,togiveYouthanks,andtoworshipYouinthebestmanner.OAllah,I
havewrongedmyselfgreatlyandnooneforgivessinsbutYou.SograntmeforgivenessfromYourselfand
havemercyonme.Surely,YouaretheMostForgiving,theMostMerciful.
AfterrecitingthefirstTashahhud,oneshouldstanduptocompletetheprayerifitisnottheFajr(morning)
prayer.AccordingtomanyHadith,itispreferabletosendprayersontheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
beforestandinguptocompletetheprayer.
Lesson10:TheSunan(highlyrecommendedacts)ofprayersincludethefollowing:
(1)ThesupplicationofIstiftah(thecommencementofprayer).
(2)Placingthepalmofonesrighthandonthelefthandoveroneschestinthestandingposition.
(3)Raisingoneshandswiththefingersjoinedtogetherparalleltoonesshouldersorearsuponthefirst
Takbir,uponbowing,risingfrombowing,anduponstandingtobeginthethirdRakàh(unitofprayer)after
thefirstTashahhud.
(4)PronouncingTasbih(SubhanaAllahi.e.glorytoAllah)morethanonce,whilebowingandprostrating.
(5)OnessayingRabbiIghfirLiForgiveme,myLordmorethanoncewhilesittingbetweenthetwo
prostrations.
(6)Makingonesheadstraightandonthesamelevelwithone'sbackwhilebowing.
(7)Separatingonesupperarmsfromonessidesandonesstomachfromonesthighswhileprostrating.
(8)Liftingonesarmsandelbowsfromthefloorwhileprostrating.
(9)Restingononesleftlegwhileraisingtherightfooterectwiththetoesbentforwardwhilerecitingthe
firstTashahhudandbetweenthetwoprostrations.
(10)RestingononeshaunchesduringthefinalTashahhud.
(11)Raisingtherightfooterectwiththetoesbentforward[duringthefinalTashahhud].
(12)InvokingAllahspeaceandBlessingsupontheProphet(peacebeuponhim)andhisfamilyaswellas
uponProphetIbrahimandhisfamilyinthefirstTashahhud.
(13)SupplicationsinthefinalTashahhud.
(14)RecitingtheQuranloudlyinFajrprayersaswellasinthefirsttwoRakàhsofMaghrib(sunset)and
Ìsha(evening)prayers.
(15)RecitingtheQuranquietlyinZhuhr(noon)andÀsr(afternoon)prayersinthethirdRakàhofMaghrib
prayer,andinthelasttwoRakàhsofÌshaprayer.
(16)RecitinganyotherSurahoftheQuranbesidesSurahAlFatihah,whileobservingtherestoftheSunan
oftheprayersotherthanwhatwehavebrieflymentionedhere.AmongtheotherSunanofprayerare:Ones
saying,"RabbanaWaLakaAlHamd(OurLord,praisebetoyou)"fortheImam,thosewhoarefollowing
him,andthepersonwhoisprayingindividuallyandplacingone'shandswiththefingersspreadonthe
knees,whilebowing.
Lesson11:Thereareeightthingsthatinvalidateprayer:
(1)Talkingintentionallywhileknowingthatthisactinvalidatesprayer.Talkingoutofignoranceor
forgetfulnessdoesnot,however,invalidateonesprayer.
(2)Laughter.
(3)Eating.
(4)Drinking.
(5)Exposureofonesprivateparts.
(6)ExtremedivergencefromthedirectionofQiblah.
(7)Excessiveandcontinuousmovementsduringprayers.
(8)Thebreakingofonesablution(Wudu).
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Lesson12:Therearetenconditionsofablution:
Islam,sanity,discernment,intention,accompanyingtherulingoftheintentionthismeansthatonedoesnot
intendtointerruptablutionuntilitiscompleted,completecessationofthatwhichrequiresonetoperform
ablution(suchasurineandstool),washingonesprivatepartswithwateroradrysubstance(i.e.soil,
stones,toiletpaper,andsoon),purityandpermissibilityofthewaterwithwhichoneintendstoperform
ablution,removinganythingthatmaypreventwaterfromreachingtheskin,andcommencementofthe
actualprayertimeforthosewhosestateofbreakingablutioniscontinuousagainsttheirwill.
Lesson13:Therearesixobligationsofperformingablution:
1)Washingthefaceincludingthemouthandthenostrils,2)washingthehandsuptotheelbows,3)passing
wethandsovertheheadincludingtheears,4)washingthefeetuptotheankles,5)observingtheright
orderinablution,and6)observingconstancyandcontinuitybetweentheactsofablution.Itisdesirableto
washthefaceincludingthemouthandthenostrils,handsandfeetthrice.
However,theobligatoryactistowashthemonce.Asforthehead,itisnotdesirabletorepeatpassingwet
handsoveritasmanyauthenticHadithaffirm.
Lesson14:Therearesixactsthatinvalidateablution:
1)Discharginganythingfromthetwonaturalorifices,2)discharginganythingthatisdeemedfilthyand
impurefromthebody,3)enteringintoastateofunconsciousnessasaresultofsleeporanythingelse,4)
touchingonesprivateparts(thesexualorganortherectum)withoutapartition[suchasgloves],5)eating
camelmeat,and6)apostasyfromIslam(mayAllahsavetheMuslimsfromfallingintoit).
Importantnote:Theactofwashingthebodyofthedeceaseddoesnotinvalidateonesablution.Thisis
theopinionof
themajorityofMuslimscholars,asthereisnotextualevidencefromtheQuranortheSunnahtoprovethis.
Ifthepersonwhoundertakesthewashingaccidentallytouchestheprivatepartsofthedeceasedwithouta
covering(onhishand),thenheorsheshouldperformablution.
Thepersonwhoundertakesthewashingmustnottouchtheprivatepartsofthedeceasedwithouta
covering.
Moreover,theactoftouchingawomandoesnotinvalidateonesablution,whetherthisisdonewithor
withoutlust,aslongasthisdoesnotresultinadischarge.Thisisthepreponderantopinionofscholars.The
evidencebroughtforwardinthisregardisthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)kissedsomeofhiswives,
thenheprayedwithoutperformingablutionagain.
AsforAllah'ssayinginSurahAlNisa'andAlMa'idah, oryouhavebeenincontactwithwomen(bysexualrelations)
simplymeanssexualintercourse.ThisisthemostcorrectopinionoftheMuslimscholars,includingthatof
IbnÀbbas(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim).AllahistheGrantorofSuccess.
Lesson15:
TherearemanymoralsthateveryMuslimmustobserve:
Theyincludethefollowing:truthfulness,faithfulness,chastity,modesty,bravery,generosity,fulfillmentof
trusts(obligations,payments,andsoon),avoidanceofallthatAllahhasforbidden,goodneighborliness,
andgivingassistancetotheneedywithinonescapacity.
Lesson16:
ObservingIslamicmanners,suchas:
greetingothers,havingacheerfuldemeanor,eatinganddrinkingwiththerighthand,sayingthe
supplicationsthataresaidbeforeandaftereatingordrinking,sayingYarhamukaAllahmayAllahhave
mercyuponyoutotheonewhosaysAlHamdulillahThankstoAllahaftersneezing,visitingthesick,
attendingfuneralprayer,followingtheIslamicetiquetteuponenteringandleavingoneshouseorthe
mosque,followingtheIslamicetiquettewhentraveling,displayingkindnesstoparents,relatives,neighbors,
theelderly,andchildren,congratulatingpeopleontheoccasionofthebirthofnewbaby,givingcondolences
tothebereaved,andsayingthesupplicationsrelatedtowearingortakingoffclothesorshoes.
Lesson17:
Bewareofpolytheismandsins,including"thesevenmostgrievoussins".Theyare:associatingotherswith
AllahtheAlmightyinworship,sorcery,killingsomeoneexceptforajustcause(asdefinedbyIslamiclaw),
eatinguptheorphansproperty,dealingwithusuryandlivingonitsincome,refusingtojointheMuslim
armyafteritsadvancementwiththeMuslimleader,andslanderingchaste,virtuousandbelievingwomen.
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Also,disobediencetotheparents,severingthebondsofbloodrelationship,givingfalsetestimony,perjury,
harmingtheneighbors,andwrongingpeopleandbeingunjusttotheminmattersofblood,propertyand
honorareamongtheawfulsinsthatmustbeavoided.
Lesson18:
Preparingthedeceasedforburialandofferingthefuneralprayer.
Preparingthedeceasedforburial:
(1)Ifsomeonedies,hiseyesshouldbeclosedandhisjawshavetobekepttogether.
(2)ThebodyofadeceasedMuslim,otherthanonekilledinabattlefield,shouldbewashed.Martyrsshould
notbewashedandnofuneralprayershouldbeofferedforthem.Theirbodiesshouldbeenshroudedinthe
clothestheyworewhentheydiedastheProphet(peacebeuponhim)didnotwashthemartyrsofthe
BattleofUhudanddidnotofferfuneralprayerforthem.
(3)Howshouldthedeadbewashed?Uponwashingthebodyofthedeceased,hisprivatepartsaretobe
covered,andhisstomachistobegentlypressed.Thepersonwhoundertakesthewashingofthebodyof
thedeceasedshouldbindacleanpieceofcloth,orsomethingsimilartoit,aroundhisownhandwithwhich
tocleantheprivatepartsofthedeceased.HethengiveshimaWudu(ablution)wash[liketheonethatis
performedpriortoofferingprayer].Hethenwasheshisheadandbeardwithwaterandnabk(lotusjujube)
orsomethingsimilartoit.Thenhewashestherestofthebody,beginningwiththerightsidethentheleft
side.Herepeatsthisproceduretwoorthreetimes,eachtimegentlypressingthedeceasedsstomach.If
anythinghappenstocomeoutofoneofthetwoorifices,thenhehastowashitoffandthenblockoffthe
affectedorificewithapieceofcottonwoolorsomethingsimilartoit.Ifthisfailstowork,hecanthenuse
anythingthatcansatisfactorilyservethepurpose,suchastheuseofadhesiveplasterthatisusedinmodern
medicaltreatment.
Heshouldrepeattheablution.Ifthebodyisnotcleanwiththreemajorwashes,hecanthenwashitfiveor
seventimes.Hethenwipesthebodydry,putsperfumeonhisunderarms,intheupperpartbetweenthe
legsaswellasthepartsofthebodythatweputonthefloorinthepositionofprostration.Itisbettertoput
perfumealloverthebody.Hisshroudsshouldbeincensedwithburnedincense.Hismoustacheandnails
shouldbetrimmediftheyaretoolong,
andhishairshouldnotbecombedorstyled.Ifthedeceasedisawoman,herhairhastobemadeintothree
plaitsandthenletithangslooselybehindher.
(4)Enshroudingthedead:Itisbettertowrapthebodyofthedeceasedinthreewhiteshroudsnotincluding
aQamis(longshirt)oraturbanifheisaman.ThereisnoharminshroudinghiminaQamis,Izar
(loincloth)andalargewrapper.Ifthedeceasedisawoman,herbodyhastobewrappedinfiveshrouds:a
Dir`(breastcloth),Khimar(scarf),Izar,andtwolongwrappers.
Ayoungboyshouldbewrappedinone,two,orthreeshrouds,andthebodyoftheyounggirlhastobe
wrappedinoneQamisandtwolongwrappers.However,oneshroudissufficientforanyperson,ifitcovers
thewholebody.IfthedeceasedmanwasinastateofIhram(ritualstateforHajjorÙmrah),hisbody
shouldbewashedwithwaterandnabkandheshouldbeenshroudedinhisIzar(whatcoversthelowerpart
ofthebody)andRida'(whatcoverstheupperpartofthebody)oranyothershroud.Hisheadandface
shouldnotbecoveredandhisbodyshouldnotbeperfumedashewillberaisedontheDayofResurrection
withTalbiyah(devotionalexpressionschantedatcertaintimesduringHajjandÙmrah)onhislips,
accordingtotheHadithofourgreatProphet(peacebeuponhim).If(thedeceasedwas)awoman,she
shouldbeshroudedlikeanyotherwomanbut,herbodyshouldnotbeperfumed,herfaceshouldnotbe
coveredbyNiqab(faceveil)andherhandsshouldnotbecoveredwithgloves.Herfaceandhandsshouldbe
coveredbytheshrouditself,asweclarifiedabove.
(5)Thepersonwhoismorerighttoundertakethewashingofthebodyofthedeceasedistheoneappointed
inthedeceasedwill,thenthefather,thegrandfather,andthenthenextofkin.
Thepersonmoreentitledtowashthebodyofthebodyofthedeceasedwomanisthefemaleperson
appointedinthewilltodoso,thenthemother,thenthegrandmother,andthenthenextofkinamongstthe
femalerelatives.Amancanwashthebodyofhiswifeandshecanalsowashthebodyofherhusband.Abu
BakrAlSiddiq(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)waswashedbyhiswife,andÀliIbnAbiTalib(mayAllahbe
pleasedwithhim)washedhiswifeFatimah(mayAllahbepleasedwithher).
(6)Performingthefuneralprayer:
a)TosayAllahuAkbarandtoreciteSurahAlFatihah.ItisgoodtorecitealongwithitashortSurah,ora
verseortwo,asevidencedbytheHadithnarratedontheauthorityofIbnÀbbas(mayAllahbepleasedwith
him).b)TosayAllahuAkbarforthesecondtimeandinvokepeaceandblessingsupontheProphet(peace
beuponhim),recitingthesameformofthesecondTashahhud.c)TosayAllahuAkbarforthethirdtime
andthensay,OAllah,forgiveourlivingandourdead,thosewhoarewithusandthosewhoareabsent,
ouryoungandold,andourmenandourwomen.OAllah,whomeverYoukeepalivefromamonguslethim
beuponIslamandwhomeverYoutakeawayfromamongus,takehimawayinFaith.OAllah,forgivehim,
havemercyonhim, www.ircpk.com
pardonhimandmakehonorablehisreception.Causehisentrancetobewideandcleansehimwithwater,
snowandice.Cleansehimofsinsasawhiteclothiscleansedofstains.Exchangehishomeforabetter
home,hisfamilyforabetterfamily,andhisspouseforabetterspouse.AdmithimintoParadise,protect
himfromthepunishmentofthegraveandthetormentoftheFire.Enlargeforhimhistombandshedlight
uponhiminit.OAllah,donotdepriveusofhisrewardanddonotletusgoastrayafterhim.d)Tosay
AllahuAkbarforthefourthtimeandthentomakeTaslimontherightsideonly.
ItisdesirabletoraiseoneshandswitheachTakbir.Ifthedeceasedisawoman,thenoneshouldchangethe
endingofcertainwords,suchas,"OAllah,forgiveher,havemercyonher,keephersafe,pardonher..."
Also,ifthedeceasedaretwoormorepersons,afewchangestosomeofthewordshavetobemade,"O
Allah,forgivethemboth,havemercyonthemboth,keepthembothsafe,pardonthemboth..."
Ifthedeceasedisababyorachild,weshouldprayforhimthus,OAllah,makehim/herapreceding
rewardandastoredtreasureforhis/herparentsandanansweredintercessor.OAllah,throughhim/her,
makeheavytheirScalesandmagnifytheirreward.Gatherhim/herwiththerighteousbelievers,place
him/herunderthecareof(Prophet)Ibrahim,andsavehim/herbyYourMercyfromthetormentofHell.
TheSunnah,whenperformingthefuneralprayer,isthattheImamshouldstandbytheheadofthe
deceasedifheisaman,orbythemiddleofthedeceasedifsheisawoman.Iftherearechildrenamongst
thedead,theboyistobeplacedbeforethewomanandthegirlafterher.Theboysheadshouldbeplaced
nexttotheheadoftheman,andthemiddleofthewomanshouldbeplacednexttotheheadoftheman.If
thereisagirlamongstthem,herheadshouldbeplacednexttotheheadofthewoman.Thoseofferingthe
funeralprayershouldstandbehindtheImam.IfthereisonepersonwiththeImam,thentheformershould
standontherightofthelatter.
AllpraiseisduetoAllahAlone.PeaceandblessingsbeuponHisMessenger,hisfamily,andhisnoble
Companions.
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ProvingtheTruthofJinn'sInhabitationofHumanBeingsandRefutingThoseWhoDenyThis
PraisebetoAllah.MaypeaceandblessingsbeupontheMessengerofAllah,hisCompanions,
andthosewhofollowhisguidance!
Someshortandlongarticleswerepublishedinlocalnewspapersandothersinthemonthof
Sha`banofthisyear(1407A.H.)regardingthedeclarationofsomemembersoftheJinnwho
possessedMuslimwomeninRiyadh.TheydeclaredthattheyhadbecomeMuslimsbeforeme
aftertheyhaddeclaredthisbeforebrotherÀbdullahibnMushrifAlÙmarywholivesinRiyadh.Al
ÙmaryrecitedsomeAdhkar(invocations)ontheJinnpossessedladyandtalkedtotheJinn,
remindinghimofAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andHisOmnipotenceaswellasfrighteninghimwith
thegrievoussinofinjustice.AftertheJinnsaidthatheisaBuddhistdisbeliever,theshaykh
calledhimtoIslamandtocomeoutofthewomanwhomhewaspossessing.Accordingly,the
JinncompliedanddeclaredhisconversiontoIslambeforeshaykhAlÙmary.Then,shaykhAl
Ùmary andtheguardiansofthewomanwantedtocometomewiththewomantohearthe
Jinnmember'sconversiontoIslam.Whentheywereallpresent,IaskedtheJinnaboutthe
reasonforembracingIslam.Hespokeonthetongueofthewomanbutinamanlyvoice.All
thishappenedinthepresenceofthewomanwhowassittinginthechairnexttomebeside
herbrother,sisterandshaykhAlÙmaryaswellassomeshaykswhowitnessedandheardthe
speechoftheJinnwhileopenlydeclaringhisconversiontoIslam.HesaidhewasaBuddhist
fromIndia.Onmypart,IadvisedhimtoobserveTaqwa(fearingAllahasHeshouldbefeared)
andtoleavethebodyofthiswomanasheismakinghersuffer.TheJinnsubmittedtomy
orderandsaidthatheembracedIslamwillingly.Therefore,Iadvisedhim
tocallhispeopletoIslamafterAllah(ExaltedbeHe)hadguidedhimtotherightpath.He
cameoutofthewoman'sbodyandhislastwordwas"Assalamuàlaykum"(peacebeupon
you),thenthewomanspokewithhernormalvoiceandfeltcomfortableandrelaxedfromthe
painhewascausingtoher.Afterthelapseofamonthormore,shevisitedmeagainwithher
brothers,maternaluncle,andsisterandtoldmethatshewasverywell,herconditionwas
stableandtheJinnhadneverreturnedtoher.WhenIaskedherabouthowshefeltwhenshe
waspossessedbythisJinn,shesaidthatshealwayshaddeviantideascontradictingthe
Shariàh,inadditiontoaninclinationtotheBuddhistreligion,andadesiretoreaditsbooks.
However,afterthisJinnwasexercisedfromher,shenolongerhadsuchideas,asshereturned
tohernormalstateawayfromsuchabominableideas.
IwastoldthatshaykhÀlyAlTantawydeniedtheoccurrenceofsuchmatters,claimingthatthisis
akindofcharlatanismandmerelies.Hesaidthatthespeechthatwasmentionedonthe
tongueofthewomanmighthavebeenrecorded,notreal.Iaskedforthetapeinwhichthe
Jinnhaddeclaredthat,andwasconfirmedthatsuchopinionsarereallyhis.However,Icould
notimaginehowhecouldthinkthatwhatthewomansaidwasrecordedeventhoughI,
myself,askedtheJinnsomequestionsandhereplied.Thenhowcouldapersonhavingthe
leastdegreeofwisdomimaginethatarecordedtapecanbeaskedandgiveanswers.Thisis
oneoftheugliestabominationsandawayofpermittingfalsehood.Heevensaidthatthe
Jinn'sconversiontoIslambyahumanopposesAllah'sSayinginthestoryofSulayman
(Solomon)asHesays: andbestowuponmeakingdomsuchasshallnotbelongtoanyotherafterme Undoubtedly,
hisunderstandingwaswrongfulanduntrue(mayAllahguidehim)asthereisnothing
whatsoeverregardingtheJinn'sconversiontoIslambyahumangoingagainstSulayman's
call.
Similarly,amultitudeofthemembersoftheJinnconvertedtoIslamasaresultofthe
Prophet's(peacebeuponhim)Da`wah(callingtoIslam)tothem.
ThisismentionedintheSurahofAlAhkafandSurahofAlJinn.ItisreportedintheTwoSahih
BooksontheauthorityofAbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet(peace
beuponhim)said, Satancametomeyesterdaysuddenly,soastospoilmyprayerbutAllahenabledmetooverpowerhim,
andsoIcaughthim
andintendedtotiehimtooneofthepillarsofthemosquesothatallofyoumightseehim,butIrememberedtheinvocationofmy
brotherSulayman(Solomon)(peacebeuponhim): MyLord!Forgiveme,andbestowuponmeakingdomsuchasshallnotbelongto
anyotherafterme soIlethimgocursed. ThisisthewordingofAlBukhari,whereasthewordingofMuslimis: Astrongdemonof
theJinncametomeyesterdaysuddenly,soastospoilmyprayer,butAllahenabledmetooverpowerhim,andIcaughthimand
intendedtotiehimtooneofthepillarsofthemosquesothatallofyoumightseehim,butIrememberedtheinvocationofmybrother
Sulayman(Solomon)(peacebeuponhim): MyLord!Forgiveme,andbestowuponmeakingdomsuchasshallnotbelongtoany
otherafterme soIlethimgocursed
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Itisalsorelatedby A lNasa'iyinconformitywiththeauthenticityconditionofAlBukhariontheauthorityofÀishah(mayAllahbe
pleasedwithher): WhiletheProphet(peacebeuponhim)wasperformingprayer,Satancametohim.TheProphet(peacebeupon
him)tookhimandstrangledhim,andsaid:"IdidsotillIfeltthecoldnessofhistongueonmyhandandhadnotbeenforthe
invocationofmybrotherSulayman,hewouldhavebeenbounduntilpeoplewouldseehim." RelatedbyAhmadandAbuDawudon
theauthorityofAbuSaìdwiththewording: IkeptstranglinghimwithmyhanduntilIfelthissalivabetweenmytwofingers:the
thumbandtheindex. Also,relatedbyAlBukhariinhisSahihasMuàllaq(aHadithmissinglinkinthechainofnarration,reported
directlyfromtheProphet)(vol.4,p.487)asinFathAlBaryontheauthorityofAbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thathe
said: Allah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim)deputedmetokeepZakatulFitr(obligatorycharitypaidbeforetheFestivalofBreaking
theFast)ofRamadan.Someonecameandstartedtakinghandfulsofthefoodstuff
ofZakatu lFitr(stealthily).Itookholdofhimandsaid,"ByAllah,IwilltakeyoutoAllah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim)."Hesaid,
"Leaveme,forIamneedyandhavemanydependents,andIamingreatneed."Ireleasedhim,andinthemorningAllah'sMessenger
(peacebeuponhim)askedme,OAbuHurayrah,"Whatdidyourprisonerdoyesterday?"Isaid,"OAllah'sMessenger,theperson
complainedofbeingneedyandofhavingmanydependents,so,Ifeltpityforhimandlethimgo."Allah'sMessenger(peacebeupon
him)said,"Indeed,hetoldyoulieandhewillcomeagain."IbelievedthathewouldcomeagainasAllah'sMessenger(peacebeupon
him)hadtoldmethathewouldreturn.So,Iwaitedforhimwatchfully.Whenhe(showedupand)startedstealinghandfulsof
foodstuff,Icaughtholdofhimagainandsaid,"IwilldefinitelytakeyoutoAllah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim).Hesaid,"Leave
me,forIamveryneedyandhavemanydependents.IpromiseIwillnotcomebackagain."Ipitiedhimandlethimgo.Inthemorning
Allah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim)askedme,"Whatdidyourprisonerdo,AbuHurayrah?"Ireplied,"OAllah'sMessenger,he
complainedofgreatneedandofsomanydependents,soIfeltpityforhimandsethimfree."Allah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim)
said,"Verily,hetoldyoualieandhewillreturn."Iwaitedforhimattentivelyforthethirdtime,andwhenhe(cameand)started
stealinghandfulsofthefoodstuff,Icaughtholdofhimandsaid,"IwillsurelytakeyoutoAllah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim)asit
isthethirdtimeyoupromisenottoreturn,yetyoubreakyourpromiseandcome."Hesaid,"'ForgivemeandIwillteachyousome
wordswithwhichAllahwillbenefityou."Iasked,"Whatarethey?"Hereplied,"Wheneveryougotobed,reciteAyatulKursy(the
Q u ranicVerseofAllahsChair,SurahAlBaqarah). Allh!LilhaillaHuwa(nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutHe),AlHayyul
Qayyum(theEverLiving,theOneWhosustainsandprotectsallthatexists). Bydoingso,Allahwillappointaguardforyouandno
devilwillcomenearyouuntilthemorning."SoIlethimgo.Whenitwasmorning,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)askedme,"What
didyourprisonerdo?"Ireplied:"HeclaimedhewillteachmesomewordswithwhichAllahwillbenefitme."SotheMessengerasked,
"Whatarethey?"AbuHurayarahreplied,"Hesaid:wheneveryougotobed,reciteAyatulKursy(theQuranicVerseofAllahsChair,
SurahAlBaqarah). Allh!LilhaillaHuwa(nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutHe),AlHayyulQayyum(theEverLiving,the
OneWhosustainsandprotectsallthatexists). Bydoingso,Allahwillappointaguardforyouandnodevilwillcomenearyouuntil
themorning."TheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)said,"Hetoldyouthetruth,althoughheisaliar.Doyouknowwhoyou
havebeentalkingtoforthreenights,AbuHurayrah?HerepliedinthenegativeandtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said,"Itwas
Satan."
TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)saidintheSahih(authentic)HadithrelatedbyAlBukhariandMuslimontheauthorityofSafiyyah
(mayAllahbepleasedwithher)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Satancirculatesinthehumanbodyasblooddoes.
ItisrelatedbyAlImamAhmad(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)inhisMusnadvol.4,p.216withaSahihSanad(chainofnarrators)
thatUthmanibnAbuAlÀs(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)said:"OMessengerofAllah,thedevilconfoundsmyprayer."He(peace
beuponhim)said:"ThatisadevilcalledKhanzab.Whenyoufeelhisillusoryacts,spitthreetimesatyourleftandseekrefugewith
Allahfromthedevilthreetimes."Ùthmansaid:"WhenIdidthat,AllahdispelledfrommewhatIfelt."
ItisalsoreportedinSahihHadithsthateveryhumanhasacompanionfromtheJinnandanotherfromtheAngels,eventheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)butAllah(ExaltedbeHe)helpedhimagainsthiscompanionuntilthiscompanionconvertedtoIslam.TheBookof
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe),theSunnahofHisProphet,andIjma`(consensus)oftheUmmah(nation)allmentionedthe
possibilityofaJinnpossessingahumanandcausinghimtobeepileptic,thenhowcouldunqualifiedperson,whoisnot
ascholar,denythatwithoutknowledgeandguidance?ThisdenialisthewayofinnovatorswhocontradictthecreedofAhlulSunnah
w a lJamaàh(thoseadheringtotheSunnahandtheMuslimmainbody).ItisAllahAloneWhosehelpcanbesought.Thereisneither
mightnorpowerexceptwithAllah!Iwillmentionforyou,thereader,someaccountsofscholarsinthisregardinshaaAllah(ifAllah
wills).
TheCommentariesofMufassirs(exegetesoftheQur'an)(mayAllahbemercifulwiththem)regardingAllah'ssaying:
ThosewhoeatRib(usury)willnotstand(ontheDayofResurrection)exceptlikethestandingofapersonbeatenbyShaitn
(Satan)leadinghimtoinsanity. AbuJa`faribnJarir(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)commentedonthisAyah: ThosewhoeatRib
(usury)willnotstand(ontheDayofResurrection)exceptlikethestandingofapersonbeatenbyShaitn(Satan)leadinghimto
insanity. saying,"AllahmeansthatSatanallurestheonewhoconsumesRiba(usury)toinsanityduringhislifetime,asSatancauses
himdepressionandseizurebecauseofAlMass(insanity)."AlBaghawy(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)commentedonthisAyah
(verse): willnotstand(ontheDayofResurrection)exceptlikethestandingofapersonbeatenbyShaitn(Satan)leadinghimto
insanity. meaning,thepossessedreferstothepersonwhoisinstateofinsanity.
IbnKathir(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)saidregardingtheAyah: ThosewhoeatRib(usury)willnotstand(ontheDayof
Resurrection)exceptlikethestandingofapersonbeatenbyShaitn(Satan)leadinghimtoinsanity. "Thepeoplereferredtointhe
AyahwillberesurrectedfromtheirgravesontheDayofResurrectioninasimilarconditiontosomeonewhoispossessedbySatani.e.
inacondemnedway."
IbnÀbbas(mayAllahbepleasedwiththem) said,"TheusurerisresurrectedontheDayofResurrectionasachokinginsane
person." RelatedbyIbnAbuHatim.ThesameeffectwasalsonarratedontheauthorityofÀwfibnMalikSaìdibnJubayr,AlSuddy,
AlRabiìbnAnas,QatadahandMuqatilibnHayyan.
ThisisibnKathir'saccount,mayAllahbemercifulwithhim.
A lQurtuby(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)commentsonAllah'ssaying: ThosewhoeatRib(usury)willnotstand(ontheDayof
Resurrection)exceptlikethestandingofapersonbeatenbyShaitn(Satan)leadinghimtoinsanity.
www.ircpk.com
sayingthisverseisaproofagainstthosewhodenythepossessionofJinninhumanbeingsandthinkthatitisanaturaldispositionand
thatSatancanneverenterorbeapartofahuman.ManyMufassirsgaveaccountstothiseffect.Formoreinformation,pleasecheck
Tafsirbooks.
Shaykhu lIslamIbnTaymiyyah(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)saidinhisbookIdahulDilalhFiÙmumAlRisalahLilThaqalayn
(ExplainingtheSignificanceofGeneralityoftheMessagetoBothHumansandJinn)inMajmuÀlFatawa(TheCompendiumof
Fatwas)vol.19,pp.965,"ForthisreasonsomeMu`tazilah(adeviantIslamicsectclaimingthatthosewhocommitmajorsinsareina
statebetweenbeliefanddisbelief)figureheads,includingAlGubba'iandAbuBakrAlRazyandothersdeniedtheentranceoftheJinn
intothebodyoftheepileptic.However,theydidnotdenytheexistenceoftheJinn,eventhoughtheentranceoftheJinnintohuman
hasnotbeenreported,accordingtothem,intheProphet'sTraditions(peacebeuponhim).Definitely,theywentwronginthisregard.
ThatiswhyAlAshàrymentionedinhisbook,MaqalatAhlulSunnahwalJamaàh,thattheyproclaimedthattheJinnenterthebody
oftheepilepticperson,asAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says: ThosewhoeatRib(usury)willnotstand(ontheDayofResurrection)except
likethestandingofapersonbeatenbyShaitn(Satan)leadinghimtoinsanity. ÀbdullahibnAhmadibnHanbalsaid,"Itoldmy
fatherthatsomepeopleclaimthatJinncanneverenterthebodyofaperson.Sohesaid,'Oson!Theytelllies.Satancanevenspeak
onthetongueofthosewhomhepossesses."
Shaykhu lIslam(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)alsosaidin(vol.24,pp276277)thefollowing:"TheexistenceofJinnisaffirmedin
theBookofAllah,SunnahoftheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim),andaccordingtotheconsensusoftheSalaf(Righteous
Predecessors)ofthisUmmahanditsleadingscholars.TheentranceofaJinnintoahumanbodyisalsoconfirmedbytheconsensusof
A h lu lSunnahwalJamaàh(thoseadheringtotheSunnahandtheMuslimmainbody).Allah(theExaltedstates)says: Thosewho
eatRib(usury)willnotstand(ontheDayofResurrection)exceptlikethestandingofapersonbeatenbyShaitn(Satan)leadinghim
toinsanity. ItisauthenticallyreportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Satancirculatesinthehumanbodyasblooddoes.

ÀbdullahibnAlImamAhmadibnHanbalsaid,"ItoldmyfatherthatsomepeopleclaimthatJinncanneverenterthebodyofa
person.Sohesaid,'Oson!Theytelllies.Satancanevenspeakonthetongueofthosewhomhepossesses."ShaykhulIslamsaid,
"Whathe[ImamAhmad]saidisselfevident.TheJinnmaypossesssomeoneandcausethemtospeakalanguagetheydonoteven
know.Apossessedpersonmaybeviolentlybeaten,inawaythatevenacamelmaynotendure,yetheneitherfeelsthebeatingnoris
awareofthewordshesays."Furthermore,thepossessedpersonmay
pullthedragheissittingupon,movesthingsfromaplacetoanother,andotherpracticesthatconfirmedtothosewhowitnessedsuch
behaviorthattheonewhospokeormovedwasnotahumanbeing.
Thenhesaid,"NoneoftheleadingMuslimscholarseverdeniedtheabilityofJinntoenterthebodyofahumanbeing.Whoeverdenies
thisfactandassumesthatShariàhdeniesithasfabricatedliesagainstShariàh,asthereisnoShariàhbasedevidencethatdenies
thisfact."(Endofquote).
ImamIbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)mentionedthefollowinginhisbook,ZadAlMaadfiHadiyKhayrAlIbad,vol.4,
pp.6669:
"TherearetwotypesofJinn'spossessionofhumanbeings:
Possessioncausedbyearthlymaliciousspirits
andtheothercausedbyfilthymixtures.
Asforthesecondtype,itisthedomainofphysicianstofindwhatcausesitandhowtotreatit.
Concerningthepossessionofspirits,theknowledgeablepersonsamongthemacknowledgeitsexistenceanddonotdenyit.Theyalso
admitthatitstreatmentshouldbebyconfrontingthecelestial,benevolentandhonorablespiritswiththatwickedandmaliciousonesto
wardofftheeviltheycauseandforestalltheiracts.ThisisevenstatedbyHippocratesinsomeofhisbooks,ashementionedsome
curesforpossession.However,hesaidthathiscureisonlybeneficialincaseofpossessioncausedbymixtureoffilthyblends,butnot
forthatcausedbyevilspirits.
Ignorant,worthlessanddisreputablephysiciansdenythepossessionofspiritsanddonotadmitthattheaffectthebodyofthe
possessedrelyingonnoevidencetosupporttheirclaims.Theyareonlyignorantasthereisnomedicalprooftoprovethe
impermissibilityofthismattereventhoughtheJinn'spossessionofhumanbeingsisanestablishedfactandrealityatteststoit.
However,thephysicians'denialofpossessionandascribingthistotheoccurrenceofsomefilthyblendsispartially,notcompletely
true.
Ignorantandatheistdoctorsstartedtoattributethepossessionofhumanbeingsascausedonlybyfilthyblends,butanyonewiththe
leastknowledgeofsuchspiritsandhowtheyaffectthebodyofthepossessedwillbeastonishedattheignoranceofsuchpeopleand
theweaknessoftheirperceptionofsuchmatters.
Itshouldbenotedthatprovidingatreatmentforpossessionisdoneonbothsidesthepersonwhoispossessedandthehealer.As
forthedutyofthepossessedperson,
heshouldhavestrongImanandsincerelyturntotheOnewhocreatedsuchspiritsandbeattentivewithhistongueandheartwhen
seekingrefugewithAllah(ExaltedbeHe),asifheisinabattlefieldinwhichtwomattersareindispensableforhimtogainvictoryover
hisenemytherightweaponandthestronghandthatholdsit.Ifanyofthemfallsshort,theotherisuseless,letalonethelackofboth
thingsandtheobscenityofabelievingheartdeprivedofTawhid,Tawakkul(puttingonestrustinAllah),Taqwa(fearingAllahasHe
shouldbefeared)andsincerelyseekingAllah'shelp.
Thesecondaspectrelatedtothehealer
whoshouldnotlackthesametwomatters,assomehealersonlyfinditsufficienttosaytotheJinn,"comeoutofthebody",or
"Bismillah[IntheNameofAllah],orsay,"ThereisneithermightnorpowerexceptwithAllah!.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)used
tosay, Getout,youaretheenemyofAllahandIamtheMessengerofAllah."
Iwitnessedourshaykhsendingapersontospeakwiththepossessingspiritinthebody,saying,"Theshaykhcommandsyoutoget
out,thisisnotpermissibleforyou",andthenthepossessedpersoncomestohissensesandmayevenspeakwiththeJinn.Inother
cases,theJinnmightbeofrebelliousandobstinateinwhichcasetheyneedtobeexorcisedthroughbeatingthebodyoftheperson www.ircpk.com
whowakesupfeelingnopainatall.Weoftenwitnessedthat.
Headded,"Generallyspeaking,thiskindofpossessionandtreatmentisnotdeniedexceptfromsomeweakmindedpeoplewhose
knowledgeisunreliable.Inmostcases,thosewhoarepossessedbysuchevilspiritsareresponsiblefortheirconditionbytheirpoor
shareofpracticingsoundIman(Faith),andthedepravityoftheirtonguesandheartsfromauthenticAdhkarandProphetic
supplications.Thisconditionprovides
theevilspirit,whichfindsapersonstrippedofImantoprotecthimorher,andaffectanddominatehisbody."
ThisistheendofhisaccountmayAllahbemercifulwithhim.
ThroughtheShariàhbasedevidencethatwehavementionedandtheconsensusofthescholarsofAhlulSunnahwalJamaàh
(thoseadheringtotheSunnahandtheMuslimmainbody)concerningthepossibilityofJinnhauntingahumanbody,itbecomesclear
forreadersthatthosewhodenythisfactaretotallywrong,andthatShaykhÀlyAlTantawymadeagreatmistakeindenyingmatters
thathedoesnotknowverywell.
However,hepromisedthathewouldreturntoAlHaqq(theTruth)wheneverheisguidedto.WeaskAllahthathedoessoafter
readingwhatwementioned.MayAllahgranthimandusguidance!
Similarly,itshouldbeknownthatwhatAlNadwanewspaperpublishedinitsissuedated14/10/1407A.H.,p.8concerningwhatDr.
MuhammadÌrfansaidaboutthevanishingoftheword"insanity"fromthemedicaldictionaryandhisdescribingtheJinnpossessingof
thehumanbodyandspeakingonhistongueascompletelywrongfromthescientificpointofview,allthisisinvalidonhispartdueto
hislackofsoundreligiousknowledgeandignoranceofwhattheesteemedscholarsofAhlulSunnahwalJamaàhhavesaidinthis
regard.Theignoranceofmanydoctorswithregardtothisfactisnottobetakenasevidenceratheritdenotestheirunawarenessof
whatmanyothertrustfulscholarssaythatisconsistentwiththeShariàhandconsensusofAhlulSunnahwalJamaàh,asreported
byShaykhulIslamIbnTaymiyyahfromallpeopleofknowledge,andasalsoreportedbyAbuAlHasanAlAshàryfromAhlulSunnah
w a lJamaàh.ThiswasalsoreportedtohavebeensaidbyAbuAlHasanAlAshàryascitedbytheversatilescholarAbuÀbdullah
MuhammadIbnÀbdullahAlShiblyAlHanafywhodied799A.H.inChapterFiftyOneofhisbook,"AkamAlMurjanfiGhara'ibAl
AkhbarwaAhkamAlJan".
IthasbeenpreviouslymentionedinthespeechofIbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)thatprominentphysiciansadmitthe
existenceofthismatteranddonotdenyitrather,itwasdeniedbytheignorantandatheistamongthem.
Assuch,thereadershouldknowandcomprehendfullywhatwesaidasbeingakintothetruthandnottofallvictimtotheillusory
wordsofdoctors
andthosefollowingtheirway,orthosewhoignorantlyspeakofmattersinwhichtheydonothavesoundorreliableknowledge,but
arejustimitatingignorantphysiciansandsomeinnovatorsfromMu`tazilahandthelike.AllahistheOneWhoseHelpissought.
Warning:
TheSahihHadiths,whichwecited,arenarratedfromtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)aswellasthereliableaccountsofthepeople
ofreligiousknowledgethatspeakingto,preaching,andcallingtheJinntoIslamandtheiracceptancedonotcategoricallygoagainst
whatAllahsaysinthestoryofProphetSulayman(peacebeuponhim)inSurahSad: "MyLord!Forgiveme,andbestowuponmea
kingdomsuchasshallnotbelongtoanyotherafterme:Verily,YouaretheBestower." Likewise,thereisnocontradictioninthis
regardrelatingtocommandingtheJinntoenjointhegoodandtoforbidtheevilorevenbeatingthemiftheyrefusetogetoutofthe
personpossessed.AllwhodonotopposethementionedAyahrather,thisisobligatorywhenitcomestoresistingtheoppressionof
thewrongdoers,supportingtheoppressed,enjoiningthegoodandforbiddingtheevil,asdonewithhumans.
ItispreviouslymentionedintheSahihHadiththattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, "IseizedoneoftheJinnuntilhissalivaran
ontomyhand."TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said,"HaditnotbeenforthesupplicationofmybrotherSulayman,he(theJinn)
wouldhavebeenkepttiedupsothatpeoplemightwatchhim." InanothernarrationbyMuslimontheauthorityofAbuAlDarda'that
theProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Allah'senemy,Satan,camewithaflameoffiretoputitinmyface,soIsaidthreetimes:"I
seekrefugeinAllahfromyou."ThenIsaidthreetimes:"IcurseyouwithAllah'sfullcurse."Buthedidnotretreat(onanyoneof
these)threeoccasions.Thereafter,Iattemptedtoseizehim.IswearbyAllahthathaditnotbeenforthesupplicationofmybrother
Sulayman(peacebeuponhim),hewouldhavebeenboundandmadeanobjectofsportforthechildrenofMadinah. Therearemany
Hadithsnarratedinthisregard.
Thesearetheaccountsofthepeopleofknowledge.Ihopethiswouldsufficeforthosewhoseekthetruth.IaskAllahwithHisMost
BeautifulNamesandMostHighAttributestograntusandallMuslimssoundunderstandingofHisDin(religion),toholdfasttoit,and
toguideustosaythetruthandtodogooddeeds.IalsoseekrefugeinAllah(ExaltedbeHe)fromspeakingaboutHimwithout
knowledgeordenyingthatwhichourlimitedknowledgecannotcomprehend.HeistheOneWhoisCapableofdoingso.MayAllah
grantussuccess!MayPeaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponHisServantandMessenger,ourProphetMuhammad,hisfamily,
Companions,andthosewhofollowedhiminrighteousness!
www.ircpk.com

TherulingonthesocalledscienceofSummoningSpirits
PraisebetoAllah.MaypeaceandblessingsbeuponAllah'sMessenger,hisfamily,Companions,andthose
whofollowedhisguidance.
Thesocalledscienceofsummoningspiritsiswidespreadamongmanypeopleincludingwritersandothers.
Theyclaimthattheysummonthesoulsofthedeadthroughamethodinventedbythosewhopracticesuch
jugglery.Theyfurtherclaimthattheyasksuchsoulsaboutthedead,whethertheyareinblissortorture,as
wellasothersuchaffairsastheymaythinkthedeadknowabout.
Ihaveinvestigatedtheissuethoroughlytofindthatitisafalsescienceandasatanicjugglerythataimsat
corruptingbeliefsandmorals,confusingMuslims,andclaimingtoknowtheGhayb(theUnseen)inmany
respects.
Therefore,Iconsidereditpropertowriteabriefnotetoclarifythetruth,advisetheUmmah,andwardoff
confusion.Undoubtedly,thisissue,asanyotherissue,shouldbereferredtotheQur'anandtheSunnahso
thatwemightverifywhattheyoroneofthemverifyanddiscardwhattheyoroneofthemdiscards.Inthis
regard,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)said: Oyouwhobelieve!ObeyAllhandobeytheMessenger(Muhammad
),andthoseofyou(Muslims)whoareinauthority.(And)ifyoudifferinanythingamongstyourselves,referitto
AllhandHisMessenger(),ifyoubelieveinAllhandintheLastDay.Thatisbetterandmoresuitableforfinal
determination.
Withregardstosoulrelatedissues,theyhavetodowithmattersrelatingtotheGhayb,thetruthabout
whichisexclusivelyknownbyAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe).Itisimpermissibletomanipulatethem
unlesssubstantiatedbyaShar`y(Islamiclegal)evidence.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)said: "(HeAloneis)theAll
KnoweroftheGhaib(Unseen),andHerevealstononeHisGhaib(Unseen)." ExcepttoaMessenger(frommankind)whomHehas
chosen(HeinformshimofunseenasmuchasHelikes),andthenHemakesabandofwatchingguards(angels)tomarchbeforehim
andbehindhim. Allah(mayHebePraised)alsosaysinSurahAlNaml: Say:Noneintheheavensandtheearthknows
theGhaib(Unseen)exceptAllh ...
ScholarsdifferedregardingwhatisintendedbytheRh(theSpirit)intheAyah(Qur'anicverse)inSurahAl
Isra'thatreads: Andtheyaskyou(OMuhammad)concerningtheRh(theSpirit)Say:"TheRh(theSpirit)
isoneofthethings,theknowledgeofwhichisonlywithmyLord.Andofknowledge,you(mankind)havebeengivenonlyalittle."
Somescholarsviewthatitreferstothesoulthatisinthebodies.Accordingly,theAyahindicatesthatthe
soulisadivinesecretunknwontohumankindandnoonecanknowaboutitexceptwhatAllahtells.Thus,it
issomethingthatisknownexclusivelytoAllahwhoconcealeditfromcreatures.TheQur'anand
authenticallyreportedHadithindicatethatthesoulsofthedeadsurviveafterthedeathofbodies.The
followingAyahindicatesthesamefact: ItisAllhWhotakesawaythesoulsatthetimeoftheirdeath,andthosethatdie
notduringtheirsleep.Hekeepsthose(souls)forwhichHehasordaineddeathandsendstherestforatermappointed. the
verse...
Itisalsoauthenticallyreported thatonthedayofBadr,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)orderedthatthecorpsesoftwenty
fourleadersofQurayshshouldbethrownintooneofthedirtydrywellsofBadr.(ItisahabitoftheProphet,peaceandblessingsof
Allahbeuponhim,thatwheneverheconqueredsomepeople,heusedtostayatthebattlefieldforthreenights).So,onthethirdday
ofthebattleofBadr,heorderedthathisshecamelbesaddled,thenhesetout,andhisCompanionsfollowedhimsayingamong
themselves,'Definitelyhe(i.e.,theProphet)isproceedingforsomegreatpurpose.'Whenhehaltedattheedgeofthewell,he
addressedthecorpsesoftheQuraishiinfidelsbytheirnamesandtheirfathers'names,'Osoandso,sonofsoandsoandOsoand
so,sonofsoandso!
WouldithavepleasedyouifyouhadobeyedAllahandHisMessenger?WehavefoundtruewhatyourLordpromisedus.Haveyoutoo
foundtruewhatyourLordpromisedyou?Ùmarsaid,'OAllah'sMessenger!Youarespeakingtobodiesthathavenosouls!'The
MessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)said,'ByHiminWhoseHandMuhammad'ssoulis,youdonothear,whatIsaybetterthan
theydobuttheycannotanswer.' TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)isauthenticallyreportedtohavesaid: Thedeadbeinghearsthe
footstepsofthosewhoescortittoitsfinaldestinationaftertheyleave.
ThegreatscholarIbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)said,"TheSalaf(righteouspredecessors)areunanimouslyin
agreementwiththatandtheyareauthenticallyreportedtobelievethatadeadpersonrecognizesthevisitofalivingpersonand
becomescheerfulaboutit."Furthermore,IbnAlQayyimrecordedthatIbnÀbbas(mayAllahbepleasedwithbothofthem)
concerningexplainingtheAyahthatreads: ItisAllhWhotakesawaythesoulsatthetimeoftheirdeath,andthosethatdienot
duringtheirsleep.Hekeepsthose(souls)forwhichHehasordaineddeathandsendstherestforatermappointed.
said,"Iwastoldthatthesoulsofboththeliveandthedeadmeetwhilesleepingandaskeachotherquestions.However,Allah
maintainsthesoulsofthedeadandsendsthesoulsofthelivebacktotheirbodies."IbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)
commented,"Themeetingbetweenthesoulsoftheliveandthedeadisprovenbythefactthatalivingpersonmightseeinhisdream
adeadpersonandaskhimaboutthingsnotknownbytheformerforwhichthelattergivesananswerthatmightcorrespondwiththe
realfact. www.ircpk.com
ThisistheviewheldbytheSalafthatthesoulsofthedeadsurvivetillatimeknownonlytoAllah.However,itisnotauthentically
reportedthattheycomeintocontactwiththelivingpeopleatanytimeotherthanthatofsleeping.Claimsofjugglersthattheyhave
theabilitytosummonthesoulofanydeadpersontheylike,talkto,andaskitquestionsareallfalse.Actually,sucharefalseclaims
thathavenotextualorrationalgrounds.Rather,AllahaloneistheOneWhoknowsaboutanddisposesofsouls.HealoneistheOne
capableofreturningthemtobodieswheneverHesowills.Infact,HealoneistheOnewhodisposesofHisKingdomandnoonecan
disputewithHim.However,thosewhoclaimotherwisearethosewhoclaimtoknowthingstheydonotknowaboutanddeliberatelylie
topeopleregardingthoseclaimsaboutsouls
thattheyspreadeitherinordertoearnmoney,toproveabletodothingstheyactuallycannotdoortoconfusepeopleandthus
corrupttheirreligionandÀqidah(creed).
Inaddition,soulssummonedbysuchjugglersaresoulsofdevilstheymakeuseofafterworshippingandobeyingthecommandsof
suchdevils.Thelatterdowhattheformerasksandthusdeceivepeopleandimpersonatetheclaimeddeadpeople.Allah(Exaltedbe
He)saidinthisregard: AndsoWehaveappointedforeveryProphetenemiesShaytn(devils)amongmankindandjinn,inspiring
oneanotherwithadornedspeechasadelusion(orbywayofdeception).IfyourLordhadsowilled,theywouldnothavedoneitso
leavethemalonewiththeirfabrications.(TafsrQurtubi) (Andthisisinorder)thattheheartsofthosewhodisbelieveinthe
Hereaftermayinclinetosuch(deceit),andthattheymayremainpleasedwithit,andthattheymaycommitwhattheyarecommitting
(allkindsofsinsandevildeeds). He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosaid: AndontheDaywhenHewillgatherthem(all)together(andsay):"O
youassemblyofjinn!Manydidyoumisleadofmen,"andtheirAuliy(friendsandhelpers)amongstmenwillsay:"OurLord!We
benefitedonefromtheother,butnowwehavereachedourappointedtermwhichYoudidappointforus."Hewillsay:"TheFirebe
yourdwellingplace,youwilldwellthereinforever,exceptasAllhmaywill.CertainlyyourLordisAllWise,AllKnowing." Scholarsof
Tafsir(exegesisofthemeaningsoftheQur'an)saythatjinnbenefitfromhumansinthesensethatthelatterworshipthemthrough
sacrificing,vowingforandsupplicatingtothem.Ontheotherhand,humansbenefitfromjinninthesensethatthelatterfulfillrequests
theformeraskandtellthemaboutthingsonlythejinncanknowastheygetfromremoteplaces,aboutthingstheyoverhearormerely
aboutlies,whichhappensinmostcases.Supposingthatsuchpeopledonotofferactsofworshipforthesoulstheysummon,even
thensuchapracticemaynotbeconsideredpermissible.Thisisbecausemerelyaskingdevils,soothsayers,jugglers,anddivinersis
impermissible.Believingwhattheysayismoreunlawfulandsinfulandisevenadivisionofdisbelief.Inthisregard,theProphet(peace
beuponhim)said: Hewhovisitsadivnerandaskshimaboutanything,hisprayersextendingtofortynightswillnotbeaccepted. It
isalsoreportedintheMusnadofAhmadandSunan(Hadithcompilationsclassifiedbyjurisprudentialthemes)thattheProphet(peace
beuponhim)said: Ifanyoneresortstoadivinerandbelievesinwhathesays,thenhedisbelievesinwhatwasrevealedto
Muhammad(peacebeuponhim).
Somany
Hadithsandtraditionswererelated.Undoubtedly,thesocalledsummonedsoulsareincludedunderthosethingsprohibitedbythe
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)astheyareofthesamekindofsoulsofdevilsusedbydivinersandjugglersandthushavethesame
ruling.Theymaynotbesummonedorbelieved.Infact,suchareallprohibited,abhorredandfalsepracticesbasedontheabove
quotedHadithandtraditionstothiseffect.Thisisalsobecausestatementstheyreportfromsuchsoulsareincludedunderknowledge
oftheGhayb.Allah(mayHebePraised)said: Say:NoneintheheavensandtheearthknowstheGhaib(Unseen)exceptAllh
Suchsoulsmightalsobethoseofdevilswhoaccompaniedthedeadpeople,whilealive,whosesoulsaresummoned.Thus,theymay
tellsomeeventsthathadpassedthedeadpersonwhilealive.Therefore,theymayneitherbesummoned,askednorbelievedas
substantiatedbytheabovequotedevidence.Actually,thosepeoplesummonnomorethandevilsandjinnandmakeuseofthemin
returnforactsofworship,whichmaybeofferedtononebutAllah.Thus,suchpeoplecommitmajorShirk(associatingothersin
worshipwithAllah)whichdrivesoutofthescopeofIslam(weseekAllah'srefuge).
PermanentCommitteeforScholarlyResearchandIfta'intheSaudiHouseofFatwaissuedafatwaonHypnotismwhichisincluded
undersummoningspirits,whichstates,"Hypnotismisakindoffortunetellingormagicwherebythehypnotistusesthejinnto
overpowerthesubjectandthenspeakthroughhistongueandgivehimstrengthtodothingsbymeansofcontrollinghisfaculties.This
istrueifthejinniissinceretothehypnotistandobeyshiminreturnforthethingsbymeansofwhichthehypnotistdrawsclosetohim.
So,thejinnimakesthesubjectobeythecommandsofthehypnotistandhelpshimdothingsheisaskedbythehypnotisttodo.Thus,
itisimpermissibletousehypnotisminfindingoutstolenobjectsorlostthings
orintreatingdiseasesordoinganything.Rather,itisanactofShirk,forthereasonsstatedaboveandbecauseitimpliesrelyingon
otherthanAllahandonwhatisbeyondordinarymeanswhichAllahhasmadeaccessibleforHiscreaturesandpermittedthemtouse."
Endquote.
AmongscholarswhodisclosedthetruthaboutsuchfalseclaimsisDr.MuhammadMuhammadHusayninhisbook"ModernSpirituality,
TruthandObjectives".HewasoneofthosedeceivedbysuchjuggleryforawhilebutAllahguidedhimtotruthtounearththe
falsehoodofsuchclaimsafterhehadgonedeeplyintothemandfoundthemnomorethansuperstitionsandjugglery.Hestatedthat
thosewhopracticesummoningspiritsmakeuseofavarietyofmethods.Beginnersuseasmallcuptoreceivethemtherein.Others
makeuseofthebasketmethodonwhoseedgeapenisfastenedtowriteanswerstothequestionsofquestioners.However,others
dependonanintermediarysuchasinthecaseofHypnotism.
Headdedthathehasdoubtsaboutthosewhoclaimtosummonspiritsandthattheyaresupportedbycertainsponsorsinviewofthe
hugepropagandamadeforthem.Therefore,manynewspapersandmagazinesthathaveneverbeenactiveinanyspiritualor
Hereafterrelatedfieldshurriedtobeupdatedwiththemandpublishtheirclaims.Suchmagazineshavenevercalledtoreligionor
beliefinAllah.HealsoaddedthattheyconcernthemselveswithrevivingthePharaohandotherpreIslamicideologies.Moreover,he
addedthatthosewhopromotetheseideasarepeoplewholostadearpersonandthustrytoconsolethemselvesthroughfancies.In
thisregard,themostfamouspersonwhopromotedsuchanideaisMr.OliverLodgewholosthissoninWorldWarI.Thesame
appliestothefounderofSpiritualismmovementinEgyptAhmadFahmy
AbulKhayrwhoselongawaitedsondiedin1937.
Dr.MuhammadMuhammadHusaynstatedthathepracticedsuchafalsepracticestartingwiththemethodofcupandtable,whichhe
foundthemlackingconvincing.Heendedupusingthemethodofanintermediaryandtriedtowatchthesocalledembodimentofsouls
orheartheirdirectvoicethattheydeemtheevidenceofthetruthfulnessoftheirclaims.Neitherhenorothersweresuccessful www.ircpk.com
becausethiscannotbematerializedintheactualfact.Rather,theyarenomorethanexactdeceptionsbasedonsecretskillfultricks
thataimatdestroyingreligions.
UniversaldestructiveZionismisnotfarawaywherefrom.Whenthemancametorealizethetruthaboutsuchfalseideasandtolose
confidenceinthem,heforsookthemanddecidedtomakeclearthetruthtopeople.Hebegantosaythatthosedeviatedpeoplework
hardtoextractdeeprootedfaithandÀqidahoutofpeople'sheartsandplungethemintoaconfusingmixofdoubtsandillusions.
ThosewhoclaimtosummonspiritsdescribeAllah'sMessengers(peacebeuponthem)asnomorethanspiritualintermediariesas
claimedbytheirleaderArthurFindlayinhisbook"OntheEdgeoftheEther".Speakingaboutprophets,theauthordescribesthemas
highclassintermediariesandtheirmiraclesasnomorethanspiritualphenomenaasthosethathappenintheroomwherespiritsare
summoned.
Dr.Husaynfurthersays,"Iftheyfailtosummonaspirit,theywillsaythattheintermediaryisunsuccessfulortired,thatattendantsare
incompatibleorthatamongattendantsaredubiousorchallengingpeople."
AmongtheirfalseclaimsistheirclaimthatJibril(Gabriel)(peacebeuponhim)attendsandblessestheirsessions(mayAllahdamn
them).ThiswasabriefoutlineoftheideasofDr.MuhammadMuhammadHusaynonthesubject.
AccordingtowhatwementionedaboveaswellastheopinionoftheCommitteeandDr.MuhammadMuhammadHusaynon
Hypnotism,itbecomesclearhowfalsetheclaimsofthosewhoclaimtotalktosoulsare,including
summoningthesoulsofthedeadandaskingthemwhattheywouldliketoask.Italsobecomesclearthatsuchareallsatanicactsand
juggleryincludedunderactswarnedagainstbytheProphet(peacebeuponhim)suchasaskingdiviners,soothsayers,augursandthe
like.ItisthusobligatoryonofficialsinMuslimstatestobanandeliminatesuchfalsehoodprescribingdeterrentpenaltiesagainstthose
indulgentinthem.ItisalsoobligatoryoneditorsinchiefofMuslimnewspapersnottopublishsuchfalsehoodwhichmightdefame
theirnewspapers.Rather,theyhavetocriticizeandrefuteitandwarnpeopleagainstthetraps,deceptionsandillusionsofboth
humanandjinndevils.Indeed,Allahsaysthetruthandguidestothestraightpath.WeaskHimtoreformthestatesofMuslims,grant
themclearunderstandingofthereligion,andprotectthemagainstthedeceptionofcriminalsandtheillusionsofdevilspatrons,for,in
fact,HeistheOnecapabletodoso.MayAllah'speaceandblessingsbeuponourProphetMuhammad.
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RulingonTawassulinthenameofthedead
andvisitinggraves
PraisebetoAllah,LordoftheWorlds,andmaypeaceandblessingsbeuponourProphet
Muhammad,hisfamily,andCompanions.
IwasaskedabouttherulingonTawassul(supplicatingtoAllah)inthenameofthedeadand
visitinggravesandIgavethefollowinganswer:
Ifbyvisitinggravesoneintendstosupplicatetothedead,trytogetclosertothemthroughofferingthem
slaughteredanimalsandvows,seektheirhelp,andsupplicatetotheminsteadofAllah,thesewillbeactsof
majorShirk(associatingotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship).Thesamerulingappliestosome
practicesdonebysomepeopletowardthesocalledAwliya'(piouspeople),whethertheyarealiveordead.
SuchpeoplebelievethattheAwliya'canbenefitorharmthem,answertheirsupplications,orcuretheir
illnesses.Actually,allsuchpracticespertaintomajorShirk(weseekAllah'srefuge).
Moreover,suchpracticesresemblethosedonebyMushriks(thosewhoassociateotherswithAllahinHis
Divinityorworship)towardAlLat,AlÙzza,Manat,andotheridolsoftheirs.
ItisobligatoryforthoseinauthorityandscholarsinMuslimcountriestodenysuchpracticesandtoteach
peoplesuchpartsofShariàh(Islamiclaw)asdeemedindispensable.Theyalsohavetoeliminatesuchacts
ofShirkandprohibitlaypeoplefromcommittingthem.Moreover,theyshouldpulldowndomesbuiltover
gravesastheyareFitnah(trial)andleadtoShirk.TheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)prohibitedbuilding
ongraves,plasteringthem,sittingoverthem,orofferingSalah(Prayer)whilefacingthem.Furthermore,He
(peacebeuponhim)cursedthosewhotakegravesasplacesofworship.Therefore,noMasjids(mosques)
oranyotherbuildingsaretobebuiltthereupon.Rather,theyshouldbeprotrudingwhereuponthereisno
buildingaswerethegravesofearlyMuslimsinMadinahandasthecaseinmanyMuslimcountriesthathave
notbeenaffectedbyBidàhs(rejectedinnovationsinreligion)andpersonaldesires.
AsforvisitinggravestorememberAllahanddeath,supplicatetoAllahandaskHisMercyforthedead,itis
aSunnah(acommendableact)asfarasmenareconcernedsolongasnojourneysareundertakenforthat
purpose.ThisisbasedontheHadithoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)thatreads: Visitthegravesforthey
remindyouoftheHereafter. (RelatedbyMusliminhisSahih(authentic)BookofHadith)Moreover,theProphet
(peacebeuponhim)taughthisSahabah(Companions)tosayonvisitinggraves: Peacebeuponpeopleofthe
households(graveyard)fromamongthebelieversandweshall,InSha'aAllah(ifAllahwills),joinyou.WeaskAllahforwellbeingfor
youandus.MayAllahhavemercyonthosewhohavegoneaheadofusandthosewhocomelateron. Furthermore,AlTirmidhy
(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)reportedIbnÀbbas(mayAllahbepleasedwithbothofthem)assaying:
OncetheProphet(peacebeuponhim)passedbygravesinMadinah.Heturnedhisfacetowardthemsaying:'Peacebeuponyou,O
dwellersofthesegraves.MayAllahforgiveyouandus.Youhaveprecededus,andwearefollowingyourtrail.'
Actually,therearemanyHadithtothesameeffect.ItisrecordedintheTwoSahihBooksofHadith(i.e.Al
BukhariandMuslim)ontheauthorityofAbuSaìdAlKhudry(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)said: DonotundertakejourneysbuttothreeMasjids:AlMasjidAlHaram(theSacredMosquein
Makkah),thisMasjidofmine,andAlMasjidAlAqsa(theAqsaMosqueinJerusalem).
MayAllahgrantussuccess!MaypeaceandblessingsbeuponourProphetMuhammad,hisfamily,and
Companions!
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Answeringquestionsrelatedto
therulingonslaughteringsheepintheshrinesofAwliya'
andofferingSalahnearthem
YourEminenceShaykhÀbdulÀzizibnBaz
YourbrotherinIslamfromtheRepublicofTunisia
Iamhopefulthatyou,helpedbyAllah,wouldanswermyquestionsthroughmypopularmagazineAl
Da`wah.Thankyouinadvance.
Q1:
IoncewenttothecountrysideonÈidulAdha(theFestivaloftheSacrifice).Inoticedthat
bothmenandwomenwerehurryingtovisitgraves.Iwassosurprisedtoseeallthe
attendantsofferSalah(Prayer)inthegraveyard.AnoldmanledtheminSalah.Ikeptaway
fromthemfeelingperplexedandconfused.IstayedaloneanddidnotoffertheSalahthey
calledSalatulÈid(theFestivalPrayer).
Myquestionis:WhatistherulingonsuchaSalahbearinginmindthatthosecountrymenhave
noMasjids(mosques)astheyliveinseparatetents?
Note:BysayingtheyofferSalahinthegraveyard,Imeannearitinaplacethatisquitefar
fromthegraves.
Q2:
Fromtimetotime,Ivisitmyfamilyafteraperiodofsometimessixmonthsorevenoneyear.
WhenIreachhome,youngandoldwomenkissmeinadecentandpolitemanner.Actually,it
isawidespreadcustomhere,which,accordingtomyfamily,isnotaprohibitedact.However,
I,beingsomehowlearnedinIslamicaffairs,feelconfusedregardingthispractice.
Myquestionis:HowcanIavoidkissingwomenbearinginmindthattheywillgetangryifI
onlyshakehandswiththem?TheywillthenthinkthatIdonotrespectthemanddonotlove
theminsuchamannerthatmaintainsrelationshipsbetweenindividuals.Theirbehaviordoes
notrepresentarelationshipbetweenamanandawoman.WillIcommitasinifIkissthem?
Please,bearinmindthatIhavegoodfaithinthisregard.
Q3:
OfferingsacrificesthroughslaughteringsheepintheshrinesofAwliya'(piouspeople)isstilla
widespreadcustomamongmyfamilywhichIhaveforbiddenbuttheyareinsistingon
practicing.IfIsayitstandsforcommittingShirk(associatingotherswithAllahinHisDivinity
orworship),theysaytheyworshipAllah(ExaltedbeHe)properlyandtheyarenotsinfulfor
visitingthegravesoftheAwliya'andforsayingintheirsupplications,"OAllah!Byvirtueof
thestatusofYourpiousservantsoandso,cureusorrelieveourdistress!"Ithenrefutethem
sayingthatourreligiondeniesanyintermediationbetweenamanandhisLordbuttheythen
askmetoleavethemalone.
Myquestionis:Whatisthemethodyoudeemfitforreformingthem?HowshouldIbehave
towardthemandhowshouldIcombatsuchaBidàh(innovationinreligion)?Thanks
A 1 : PraisebetoAllah,LordoftheWorlds,andmaypeaceandblessingsbeuponthebestof
allMessengers,ourProphetMuhammad,hisfamily,Companionsandthosewhofollowthemin
gooddeedsuntiltheDayofResurrection.
SalatulÈidshouldonlybeperformedincitiesandvillages.Itshouldnotbeperformedinthe
desertorwhiletraveling.SuchistheSunnah(whateverisreportedfromtheProphet)as
neithertheProphet(peacebeuponhim)norhisCompanions(mayAllahbepleasedwith www.ircpk.com
them)werereportedtohaveeverperformedSalatulÈidwhiletravelingorinthedesert.
Moreover,whileperformingtheFarewellHajj,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)didnotoffer
theJumuàh(Friday)PrayerinÀrafahontheDayofÀrafah(9thofDhulHijjah).Furthermore,
hedidnotperformSalatu lÈidwhileinMina.Actually,infollowingtheProphet(peacebe
uponhim)andhisCompanions(mayAllahbepleasedwiththem)thereisallgoodand
happiness.MayAllahgrantussuccess!
A 2 : ItisnotpermissibleforaMuslimtoshakehandswithorkissanywomanotherthanhis
wifeorMahram(spouseorunmarriageablerelative).Havingphysicalcontactwithnon
MahrumwomenisprohibitedanditisoneofthecausesofFitnah(sedition)andareason
leadingtoadultery.ItwasauthenticallyreportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said:
Idonotshakehandswithwomen. Moreover,Àishah(mayAllahbepleasedwithher)said: ThehandofAllah's
Messenger(peacebeuponhim)nevertouchedthehandofanywoman,butheonlyusedtotaketheirpledgeofallegianceorally.
MoredisgracefulthanshakinghandswithnonMahramwomeniskissingthem,whetherthey
arepaternalormaternalcousins,neighbors,orfellowtribeswomen.Suchapracticeis
prohibitedaccordingtoIjma`(consensusofscholars).
Moreover,itisoneofthegreatestreasonsleadingtoadultery.
Thus,itisobligatoryforaMuslimtobeonhisguardagainstitandtoconvinceallhisrelatives
andotherwomen,whoareaccustomedtodoingsuchapractice,thatitisprohibited.Itisnot
permissibleforaMuslim,maleorfemale,toparticipateinsuchbehaviorevenifitisa
widespreadcustomamongrelativesorfellowcitizens.Rather,theyshoulddenysucha
practiceandwarntheirsocietyagainstit.Anyway,itisenoughtogreetsomeoneverbally
withoutshakinghandsorkissing.
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A3:ItiswellknownthroughthelegalevidencefromtheQur'anandtheSunnah(whateverisreportedfrom
theProphet)thatdrawingclosertootherthanAllah,whetherAwliya'(piouspeople),Jinn(creaturescreated
fromfire),idols,orothersbyslaughteringanimalsfortheirsakeisconsideredShirk(associatingotherswith
AllahinHisDivinityorworship).ItisanactofJahiliyyah(preIslamictimeofignorance)committedbythe
Mushriks(thosewhoassociateotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship).Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbe
He)says: Say(OMuhammad):"Verily,mySalt(prayer),mysacrifice,myliving,andmydyingareforAllh,
theLordofthe Alamn(mankind,jinnandallthatexists). "Hehasnopartner.AndofthisIhavebeencommanded,andIamthe
Sacrificereferstotheactofslaughteringanimals.Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)makesitclear
firstoftheMuslims."
thatslaughteringanimalsforotherthanHimisconsideredShirk,exactlylikeofferingSalah(Prayer)toother
thanAllah.
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)furthersays: Verily,Wehavegrantedyou(OMuhammad)AlKauthar(ariverin
Paradise). ThereforeturninprayertoyourLordandsacrifice(toHimonly). InthisSurah(Qur'anicchapter),Allah
(GlorifiedbeHe)askedHisProphettoofferSalahandslaughteranimalsforHisSake,unliketheMushriks
whoofferSalahandslaughteredanimalsforotherthanAllah.He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: AndyourLordhas
decreedthatyouworshipnonebutHim. and Andtheywerecommandednot,butthattheyshouldworshipAllh,andworshipnone
butHimAlone(abstainingfromascribingpartnerstoHim) TherearemanyAyahs(Qur'anicverses)inthisregard.
SlaughteringanimalsisaformofÌbadah(worship)thatmustbesincerelydevotedtoAllahAlone.Itis
mentionedintheSahih(authentic)BookofHadithofImamMuslimontheauthorityofAmirAlMuminin
(CommanderoftheBelievers)ÀlyibnAbuTalib(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheMessengerofAllah
(peacebeuponhim)said: AllahhascursedtheonewhoslaughtersasacrificialanimalforotherthanAllah. However,ifa
personsupplicatestoAllahinthenameorvirtueofaWaliy(piousperson),oraProphet,thisisnot
consideredShirk,butaBidàh(innovationinreligion)andoneofthemeansleadingtoShirk,accordingto
theJumhur(dominantmajorityofscholars).Duà'(supplication)isaformofÌbadah,anditsformulaisa
Tawqifiymatter(boundbyareligioustextandnotamenabletopersonalopinion).Nothingwasever
reportedfromtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)thatprovesthepermissibilityofsupplicatingtoAllahinthe
nameof/byvirtueofthestatusofoneofthepeople,whichisknownasTawassul.Thus,itisnotpermissible
forMuslimstoinnovateaformofTawassulthatwasnotprescribedbyAllah(GlorifiedbeHe).Allah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Orhavetheypartners(withAllhfalsegods)whohaveinstitutedforthemareligion
whichAllhhasnotordained? TheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)said: Whoeverintroducessomethingintothisaffairofoursthatisnotofit,itistoberejected. (Agreed

uponbyAlBukhariandMuslim)AccordingtoanothernarrationinSahihMuslim,whichwasalsoaffirmatively
recordedbyAlBukhariinhisSahihBookofHadithanddescribedasHadithMuàllaq(aHadithmissinglinkin
thechainofnarration,reporteddirectlyfromtheProphet),theProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Whoever
performsanyactwhichisnotsanctionedbyouraffairs(Islamiclaw),itistoberejected. Hissaying"itistoberejected"
meansthatitwillnotbeaccepted.MuslimsmustabidebywhatisprescribedbyAllahandbewareofthe
Bidàhspracticedbypeople.AsforthepermissibleTawassul,itissupplicatingtoAllahbyvirtueofAllah's
Names,Attributes,Tawhid(monotheism),righteousdeeds,Iman(belief)inAllahandHisMessenger,loveof
AllahandHisMessenger,andsuchrighteousdeeds.ThisalsoincludesTawassulthroughtheDuà'and
Shafaàh(intercession)ofalivingpersonasauthenticallyreportedinSahihAlBukhari(mayAllahbemerciful
withhim)ontheauthorityofAnas(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)whosaidthatÙmaribnAlKhattab(may
Allahbepleasedwithhim)usedtoperformSalatulIstisqa'(Prayerforrain)byaskingAllahforrainby
virtueof A lÀbbasibnÀbdulMuttalibattimesofdrought.Heusedtosay,"OAllah!WeusedtosupplicatetoYoufor
rainbyvirtueofourProphetandYouwouldsendusrain,andnowweperformTawassultoYoubyvirtueof
theuncleofourProphettosendusrain."AndAllahsentthemrain.
MayAllahgrantussuccess!
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DidtheMessengerrecommendsuccessiontoÀly(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim).
WhatistherulingonpeoplewhoclaimthattheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)recommended
successiontoÀly(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim),andsay:TheCompanions(mayAllahbe
pleasedwiththem)conspiredagainsthim(Àly)?
A : ThissayingisknowntobeclaimedbyonlyoneMuslimsect,namelytheShiàh(Shiites),anditisabaseless
sayingwhichhasnoorigininauthentichadithsoftheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim).Thereare
howevermanyproofswhichmaintainthatthesuccessoraftertheProphet(peacebeuponhim)wastobeAbu
BakrAlSiddiq(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim).ThiswasalsomaintainedbyallotherCompanionsofthe
Prophet(peacebeuponhim).However,he(peacebeuponhim)didnotexplicitlyrecommendthisorissuea
conclusiverecommendationonit.Yet,hegaveordersthatindicateit,suchaswhenheorderedAbuBakrto
leadthepeopleinprayeratthetimehe(peacebeuponhim)wassick.Besides,whenthematterof
successionwasmentionedtohim,he(peacebeuponhim)said: AllahandtheMu'minun(believers)denyanyone(be
successor)exceptAbuBakr Andforthisreason,theCompanionspledgedallegiancetohim(mayAllahbe
pleasedwithhim)afterthedeathoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim),includingÀly(mayAllahbepleased
withhim).TheyunanimouslyagreedthatAbuBakrwasthebestofthem.Itwasauthenticallyreportedinthe
HadithnarratedbyIbnÙmar(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheCompanions(mayAllahbepleased
withthem)usedtosayduringthelifeoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim): ThebestofpeopleinthisUmmah
(nation)afteritsProphetisAbuBakr,thenÙmar,thenÙthman AndtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)agreedtothis.
TherearesuccessivenarrationsfromÀly(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thatheusedtosay:Thebestof
peopleinthisUmmahafteritsProphetisAbuBakr,thenÙmar.He(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)wouldalso
say,"NoonewouldgivemepreferenceoverthemexceptthatIwouldwhiphim",andheneverreferredto
himselfasthebestoftheUmmahorthattheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)recommendedhimfor
succession.Inaddition,heneverclaimedthattheCompanions(mayAllahbepleasedwiththem)wronged
himorusurphisrights.Ontheotherhand,uponthedeathofFatimah
(mayAllahbepleasedwithher),hepledgedallegiancetoAbuBakrAlSiddiqasecondtimeinconfirmationof
thefirstpledge,toshowthepeoplethathesidedwiththeMuslimcommunityandthathehadnoreluctance
topledgingallegiancetoAbuBakr,(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemall).Then,whenÙmar,beingstabbed,left
theissueofnominationofasuccessortobedecidedthroughShura(consultation)amongsixoftheten
heavenboundCompanions,includingÀly(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim).Thelatter,however,didnot
disapproveofwhatwasdonebyÙmar,neitherduringhislifenorafterhisdeath.Furthermore,heneversaid
thathewasmoreworthyofitthanthemall.HowthencananyonefabricateliesagainsttheMessengerof
Allah(peacebeuponhim)andsaythat"herecommendedthatÀlybeasuccessortohim.EvenÀlyhimself
didnotclaimthatforhimself,nordidanyoftheCompanions.Rather,theyallagreedtothevalidityof
havingassuccessorsAbuBakr,ÙmarandÙthman.AndthiswasacknowledgedbyÀly(mayAllahbepleased
withhim),whocooperatedwiththemallinJihad(fightingintheCauseofAllah)andShuraandother
affairs.Then,theMuslimsfollowingthegenerationoftheCompanionsunanimouslyagreedtowhatthe
Companionshadacknowledged.Itisthereforenotpermissibleforanyhumanoranysect,includingthe
ShiàhoranyoneelsetoclaimthatÀlywastobethesuccessororthatsuccessionbeforehimwasnulland
void.Likewise,itisnotpermissibleforanyonetosaythattheCompanionswrongedÀlyandusurpedhis
rights.Rather,thisisofmostglaringfalsities,whichimpliesmistrusttowardstheCompanionsofthe
MessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim),includingAly(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim,andwiththerestof
theCompanions).
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)preservedthisUmmahofMuhammadandprotecteditfromcollectivelyacknowledging
anythingwrong.Inthisregard,itwasauthenticallyreportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
mentionedinmanyHadithsthat: AgroupofpeoplefrommyUmmahwillremainsteadfast,onthetruth,victorious
Therefore,itisimpossibleforthebestgenerationoftheUmmahtounanimouslyagreetoafalsehood,
whichisthesuccessionofAbuBakr,ÙmarandÙthman.Thiscouldnotevenbeclaimedbyanyonewhobelieves
inAllahandtheDayofJudgment,norbyanyonewhohastheslightestinsightandknowledgeaboutthe
rulingsofIslam.WeseekhelpfromAllahfor,thereisnomightnorpowerexceptwithAllah,theMost
Great.
ThisissuewasextensivelyaddressedbyShaykhulIslamIbnTaymiyyahinhisbookMinhajAsSunnah.Thus,if
anyonewishestoknowmoreaboutthisissueshouldrefertothisbook,sinceitisagreatandinformative
bookthatisworthyofbeingreadforthegreatbenefitofit.MayAllahgrantsuccess.
MayAllah'sPeacebeuponourProphet,Muhammad,hisfamilyandhisCompanions.
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ClaimingBirthControlisPermissible
ContradictstheShariàh,Fitrah(NaturalDisposition),andtheInterestsoftheUmmah(Nation
basedononeCreed)
PraisebetoAllah.PeaceandblessingsbeupontheMessengerofAllah,hisfamily,andCompanions.
AlocalnewspaperrecentlypublishedastatementthatHisEminence,GeneralMuftyofJordanissuedaFatwa
(legalopinionissuedbyaqualifiedMuslimscholar)permittingbirthcontrolandthatsincethegovernment
makesdecisiontothiseffect,itwillbebinding.Thisnewscirculatedamongpeopleandbecameatopicof
talktotheastonishmentanddenunciationofMuslims.Therefore,manywonderabouttherulingonthis
issueandwhethersuchFatwaisrightorwrong,soIfeltIamobligedtopointouttheevidenceoftheShar`
(Law)ofAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)inthisissue.MayAllahguidemeandyoutoreachAlHaqq(the
Truth)!IhavelookedintotheaforementionedFatwaandponderedontheevidencesthatHisEminence,
GeneralMuftyofJordan,reliedontoissuethisFatwathatdeemsbirthcontrolpermissibleandstatesthat
sincethegovernmentapprovedofbirthcontrol,itshouldbeputintoeffect.IfoundhimbasedhisFatwaon
theSayingofAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe): Andletthosewhofindnotthefinancialmeansformarriagekeep
themselveschaste,untilAllhenrichesthemofHisBounty. andonthesayingoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim): 'O
youngpeople!Whoeveramongyouisabletomarry,shouldmarry,formarriagewouldhelphimlowerhisgazeandkeephisvirtue
andwhoeverisnotabletomarry,isrecommendedtoobserveSawm(Fast),forSawmwoulddiminishhissexualdesire andthe
Hadithsthatsupportthepermissibilityofcoitusinterruptus.ThesearetheevidencescitedbytheMuftyin
supportofthisseriousFatwa.
ThereissomethingelsewhichheusedtopavethewayfortheFatwahesaidliterallyatthebeginningofthe
Fatwa:"Theworldisincreasingly
concernedwithoverpopulationeverywhere.Expertsconsiderthisasawarningofwoe,destructionandgreat
troubles."ThenhesaidattheendoftheFatwa,"Ifthegovernmentmakesadecisiontothiseffect,thenit
willbebinding,foritisagreeduponthatiftheruleradoptedaDaìf(weak)opinion,itbecomes
imperative."
Endofquote.
WhoeverhasinsightandknowledgeandpondersontheevidencetheMuftyrelieduponwouldrealizethathe
madeamistakeandthattheevidencehepresentedbearsnosupporttotheFatwa.Asapoetputsit:
ShewenteastwardandIwent thereisagreatdifference
westward betweeneastandwest
TheNobleAyah(Qur'anicverse),theMuftyquoted,issaidbyAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)afterHis
Saying: Andmarrythoseamongyouwhoaresingle(i.e.amanwhohasnowifeandthewomanwhohasnohusband)and(also
marry)theSlihn(pious,fitandcapableones)ofyour(male)slavesandmaidservants(femaleslaves).Iftheybepoor,Allhwill
enrichthemoutofHisBounty.AndAllhisAllSufficientforHiscreaturesneeds,AllKnowing(aboutthestateofthepeople). Then
He(ExaltedbeHe)says: Andletthosewhofindnotthefinancialmeansformarriagekeepthemselveschaste,untilAllh
enrichesthemofHisBounty. Thus,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)ordersandurgespeopletomarryHepromisestheone
whoisgoingtomarrytoenrichhimifheispoor,toencouragehimtotakethisstep,havingconfidencein
AllahanddependingonHisBountiesandFavorsandKnowledgeoftheaffairsofHisPeople.Therefore,
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: AndAllhisAllSufficientforHiscreaturesneeds,AllKnowing(aboutthestateof
thepeople). Then,HeordershewhocannotaffordtomarryshouldkeephimselfchasteuntilAllah(Exaltedbe
He)enricheshimofHisBounty.WhereisthesupportingevidenceinthisAyahforbirthcontrol?TheMufty
claimsthatAllah'sCommandforhewhocannotaffordmarriagetokeephimselfchaste,indicatesthe
permissibilityofbirthcontrol,sincedelayingmarriageduetolackofmeansleadstodelayingprogenyor
evenpreventingitifonediedbefore
gettingmarried.ThisisastrangeargumentandoddevidencethathasnothingatalltodowiththeAyah.
AllahistheOneWhoseHelpissought.
A lHafizIbnKathir(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)wheninterpretingthisAyahsaid:"Thisisanorderto
marryandsomescholarsholdtheviewthatthisisobligatoryontheableandcitetheapparentsayingofthe
Prophet(peacebeuponhim): 'Oyoungpeople!Whoeveramongyouisabletomarry,shouldmarry,formarriagewouldhelp
himlowerhisgazeandkeephisvirtueandwhoeverisnotabletomarry,isrecommendedtoobserveSawm,forSawmwould
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diminishhissexualdesire. (ReportedintheTwoSahih(authentic)BooksofHadith(i.e.AlBukhariandMuslim)
ontheauthorityofIbnMasùd)ItisreportedinSunan(Hadithcompilationsclassifiedbyjurisprudential
themes)thattheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)said: Marryveryprolificwomenandgivebirthforchildren,
forIwillboastofyourlargenumbersinfrontofotherUmmahs(nationsbasedononecreed)ontheDayofJudgment. Inanother
narrationthephrase"eventhemiscarriedfetus"isadded.ThewordAyama(singles)isusedtorefertothe
womanwhohasnohusbandandthemanwhohasnowifewhetherhemarriedbeforeandthenseparated
orneitherofthemmarriedbefore,asquotedbyAlJawharyfromthelinguistics.Allah'sSaying(Exaltedbe
He): Iftheybepoor,AllhwillenrichthemoutofHisBounty. ÀlyibnAbuTalhareportedfromIbnÀbbas(mayAllahbe
pleasedwiththem)thatAllahurgedthemtomarryandorderedthefreeandslavestodosoandpromised
toenrichthembysaying, Iftheybepoor,AllhwillenrichthemoutofHisBounty. IbnAbuHatimsaidthatMahmudibn
KhalidAlAzraqreportedfromÙmaribnÀbdulWahidfromSaìdIbnÀbdulAzizthathesaid,"IwasinformedthatAbu
BakrAlSiddiq(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)said,'ObeyAllahwithregardtoHisCommandtoyou
concerningmarriageandHewillfulfillHisPromisetoenrichyou.'Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: Iftheybepoor,
AllhwillenrichthemoutofHisBounty. (RelatedbyIbnJarir)ItismentionedbyAlBaghawyfromÙmarandAlLayth
f r o mMuhammadibnÀjlanfromSaìdAlMaqburyontheauthorityofAbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)
thattheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)said" "TherearethreewhoareentitledtoAllahsHelp:theonewho
getsmarried,seekingchastity,theslavewhomadeacontractofmanumissionwithhismastertobuyhisfreedom,
andtheMujahid(onestriving/fightingintheCauseofAllah)." (RelatedbyAlImamAhmad,AlTirmidhy,AlNasa'yandIbnMajah)
TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)letthemanwhohadnothingbuthisIzar(garmentwornbelowthewaist)andcouldnotaffordto
buyaringofironmarrythewomanhewantedandmadeheradvancedMahr(mandatorygifttoabridefromhergroom)thattheman
wouldteachherwhathelearnbyheartfromtheEverGloriousQur'an.ItiswellknownthatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)willsufficethemout
ofHisKindnessandCompassion.
WithregardtowhatpeoplecirculateasaHadith"MarrythepoorandAllahwillenrichyou,"thisisnotaHadithitisbaselessandit
wasnotnarratedeitherbyastrongnorDaìf(weak)Sanad(chainofnarrators).TheEverGloriousQur'anisfullofsufficientevidence
andsoaretheHadithswhichImentioned.AllpraiseisduetoAllah.WithregardtotheSayingofAllah(ExaltedbeHe), Andletthose
whofindnotthefinancialmeansformarriagekeepthemselveschaste,untilAllhenrichesthemofHisBounty. thisisanorderfrom
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)totheonewhocannotaffordthemeansformarriagetokeephimselfchastebyabstainingfromsexualrelations,
astheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: 'Oyoungpeople,whoeveramongyouisabletomarry,shouldmarry,formarriagewould
helphimlowerhisgazeandkeephisvirtueandwhoeverisnotabletomarry,isrecommendedtoobserveSawm,forSawmwould
diminishhissexualdesire. Endofquote.Therefore,whatwementionedbeforeandquotedfromAlHafizhibnKathir(mayAllahbe
mercifulwithhim)intheTafsir(explanation/exegesisofthemeaningsoftheQur'an)oftheaforementionedAyahs,theirmeanings
becomequitecleartoreaders,andtheydoindicatethepermissibilityofmarriageandencourageit.Indeed,marriageinvolvesgreat
interests,includingsatisfactionofdesire,chastity,loweringofthegaze,andreproduction.Takingthisevidenceasapretexttomake
birthcontrolpermissibleisstrangeandutterlywrong.
WithregardtotheHadithreportedbyIbnMasùd(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: 'O
youngpeople!Whoeveramongyouisabletomarry,shouldmarry,formarriagewouldhelphimlowerhisgazeandkeephisvirtue
andwhoeverisnotabletomarry,isrecommendedtoobserveSawm,forSawmwoulddiminishhissexualdesire thisprovides
evidenceofwhatisindicatedbythetwoAyahsi.e.encouragingandurgingpeopletogetmarriedandpointingoutsomeofitsrulings
andwisdoms.TheHadithalsoindicatesthatitisprescribedfortheonewhoisunabletoaffordthemeanstomarrytoobserveSawm,
foritweakensthedesireandblocksthemeansofSatan.Itisameansofvirtueandloweringthegazeitdoesnotsupportbirth
controlrather,it
indicatesthepermissibilityofdelayingmarriagetilloneisabletoafforditscostsandthepermissibilityofadoptingthemeansof
keepingone'svirtueinordernottofallinanyprohibitedact.Withregardtoarguinginfavorofbirthcontrolonthegroundofthe
Hadithspermittingcoitusinterruptus,thisisutterlywrongandcontradictorytothepurposesoftheShariàh.Coitusinterruptus
signifiesthesexualintercoursedeliberatelyinterruptedbywithdrawalofthepenisfromthevaginapriortoejaculation,sothatthe
womanwouldnotgetpregnant.Thiscouldbeadoptedintimesofneedsuchaswhenthewomanisillorisbreastfeedingandgetting
pregnantcouldharmherorherchild,hence,coitusinterruptuscouldbepracticedoranyotherreasonablepermissiblemeansthat
couldstoppregnancyforaperiodoftime.Thisdoesnotinvolvebirthcontrolrather,itisjustadministeringsomemeansthatdelay
pregnancyforaShar`y(Islamicallylawful)purposethisisnotprohibited,accordingtothesoundestopinionofscholarsasindicated
bytheHadithsthatpermitcoitusinterruptus.Besides,coitusinterruptusdoesnotnecessarilypreventconception,sinceManiyorsome
ofitmayflowbeforeitandthewomangetspregnantbytheWillofAllah.Inhiscommentoncoitusinterruptus,theProphet(peacebe
uponhim)said: ThereisnosoulcreatedbutAllahcreatedit ItisreportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Notfrom
semenasawhole(butfromasmallpartofiti.e.,thesperm)conceptionhappens. Consequently,thereisnoevidenceintheHadiths
mentioningcoitusinterruptusinfavorofbirthcontrol,forwhoeverfairlyconsidersthematter.WeaskAllahtograntus,thegeneral
MuftyinJordanandallMuslimssuccesstoattainAlHaqqandsafetyfrommisunderstanding.Verily,Allahisthebesttobesought.
Inthelightofwhatwementionedandwhathasbeenquotedfromthescholars,itbecomesclearthatpermittingbirthcontrolisa
measurethatgoesagainsttheShariàhthatseekstofulfillperfectinterestsanddenyandlessencorruption.Thismeasureisalso
contrarytothesoundFitrah(naturaldisposition)forAllahcreatedpeopleinstinctivelylovingchildrenandseekingallmeansto
procreate.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)makesthisfavoroneoftheadornmentsoftheworldlylife,
whenHe(ExaltedbeHe)says: AndAllhhasmadeforyouAzwj(matesorwives)ofyourownkind,andhasmadeforyou,from
yourwives,sonsandgrandsons,andhasbestowedonyougoodprovision.
He(ExaltedbeHe)says: Wealthandchildrenaretheadornmentofthelifeofthisworld. Whoeverpondersonthesituationwill

realizethatpermittingbirthcontrolgoesagainsttheinterestsoftheMuslimUmmah(nationbasedononecreed),sinceprocreationis
oneofthemeansofthepower,honor,sovereigntyoftheUmmahandonthecontrary,birthcontrolleadstotheshortage,weakness,
andannihilationoftheUmmah.Thisisquitecleartoallreasonablepeople,withouttheneedofseekingevidence.Withregardtothe
Mufty'sfearofoverpopulationandtheexpertssayingsthatsuchforetellswoesanddestruction,thisisbeyondreason,letalonethata
scholargivesheedtoitandreliesonitinissuingrulingsthatcontradicttheShariàh.TheGhayb(theUnseen)isknownonlytoAllah www.ircpk.com
(GlorifiedbeHe),theCreatorandSustainerofallcreations.IntheEverGloriousQur'an,He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: AndI
(Allh)creatednotthejinnandmankindexceptthattheyshouldworshipMe(Alone). Iseeknotanyprovisionfromthem(i.e.
provisionforthemselvesorforMycreatures)nordoIaskthattheyshouldfeedMe(i.e.feedthemselvesorMycreatures). Verily,
AllhistheAllProvider,OwnerofPower,theMostStrong. He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Andnomoving(living)creatureis
thereonearthbutitsprovisionisduefromAllh. He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Andsomanyamoving(living)creature
carriesnotitsownprovision!Allhprovidesforitandforyou.AndHeistheAllHearer,theAllKnower. He(GlorifiedandExaltedbe
He)says: soseekyourprovisionfromAllh(Alone),andworshipHim(Alone),andbegratefultoHim.ToHim(Alone)youwillbe
broughtback. ItisauthenticallyreportedfromtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)inmanySahihHadiths thatwhenAllahcreatesthe
fetus,Heorderstheangeltowritedownhislivelihood,age,anddeeds. Everycreaturehashissubsistenceordainedforhim
accordingtothemeanswhichAllah(ExaltedbeHe)makesavailable.Howcouldareasonablepersonconsiderbirthcontrol
commendableorpermissibleoutoffearofpoverty,whileAllah(GlorifiedbeHe)istheSustainerandAbleofeverything.Ifthe
population
havegrowneverywhere,themeansofproductionandsubsistencehavealsodevelopedeverywhere.Theyhavebecomeeasierand
morediversethanbefore.ThisisoneofthesignsofAllah'sWisdom,PerfectOmnipotenceandGreatCareoftheinterestsofHis
Servants.HowcoulditbeacceptedfromaMuslimtomisunderstandAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andpermitbirthcontroltotheUmmahand
evenmakethisbindingifthestateapprovedofit,forfearofpovertyandlackofsupplies.WhereisbeliefinAllah,confidenceinHis
Saying,andTawakkul(puttingonestrustinAllah)?Moreover,thisincorrectthinkingbearsresemblancetotheKafirs
(disbelievers/nonMuslims)whousedtokilltheirchildrenforfearofpoverty.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)renouncedthisactandblamed
themforthisinHisSaying: killnotyourchildrenbecauseofpovertyWeprovidesustenanceforyouandforthem InSurah
(Qur'anicchapter)AlIsra',Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)says: Andkillnotyourchildrenforfearofpoverty.Weshallprovideforthemas
wellasforyou.Surely,thekillingofthemisagreatsin. WithregardtotheMufty'ssayingattheendoftheFatwathatifthestate
approvedofthisact,itisbinding,foritisagreeduponthatiftheruleradoptedevenaweakopinion,itbecomesbinding,thissayingis
degradingandisutterlyfalse.ThegovernmentistobeobeyedinMa`ruf(thatwhichisjudgedasgood,beneficial,orfittingbyIslamic
lawandMuslimsofsoundintellect),notthatwhichcausesharmtotheUmmahandcontradictsthepurifiedShariàh.Permittingbirth
controlcontradictstheShariàhandtheinterestsoftheUmmah,sohowcouldbebinding?Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says
concerningHisProphet(peacebeuponhim): andthattheywillnotdisobeyyouinMarf(IslmicMonotheismandallthatwhich
Islmordains) He(peacebeuponhim)enjoinsonlytheMa`ruf,butAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)intendstoinformtheUmmah
andguideittothefactthatobeyingtherulersisrestrictedtotheMa`ruf(thatwhichisjudgedasgood,beneficial,orfittingbyIslamic
lawandMuslimsofsoundintellect).ItisauthenticallyreportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Obedienceisonlywith
regardtothatwhichisMa`ruf He
(peacebeuponhim)alsosaid: ThereisnoobediencetoacreatureindisobediencetotheCreator. TherearemanyHadithtothe

sameeffect.ThisisabriefwordtomanifestAlHaqq,removedoubts,andguideMuslimstotheopinionofShariàhthatweknowin
thisconcern.IaskAllahtoguideusandallMuslimstowhatpleasesHim,helpusallcomprehendthereligion,andremainadherentto
it,andtoprotectusagainstalldelusiveFitnahs(trials)andtheinsinuationsofSatan.AllahisAbletodoallthings.MayAllah'sPeace
andBlessingsbeuponHisServantandMessengerMuhammad,hisfamily,andCompanions.
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TheIslamicrulingonrevivingmonuments
PraisebetoAllah,andmaypeaceandblessingbeupontheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)andhis
familyandSahabah(Companions).
Somenewspapershavepublishedarticlesonrevivingandpayingattentiontomonuments,writtenbysome
authors,includingProfessorSalihMuhammadJamal.ThesearticleshavebeenrespondedtobyHisEminence,
ShaykhÀbdullahibnMuhammadibnHumayd.Heefficientlyandinstructivelyansweredtotheclaimsincluded
therein,mayAllahrewardhim.However,ProfessorAnwarAbuAlJadayel,mayAllahguideandinspirehimwith
theright,wasnotsatisfiedwiththatreplyorhadnotseenit,andthereforehewroteanarticleonthe
subject,publishedbythe'Madinah'newspaper,issuenumber5448,dated22/4/1402A.H.Inthisarticle
whichisentitled"ThewayofthetwoHijrahs[abeliever'smigrationtoanIslamicland]",hestated,"Thisisa
reviewofthewordpublishedinthe'Madinah'newspaper,issue5433,on7/4/1402A.H.,byProfessorÀbdul
QuddusAlAnsary,asacommentaryonwhatwasdonebytheresearcherandmanofletters,ProfessorÀbdul
ÀzizAlRifa`y,ofinvestigationofthesiteswhichtheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)passedthrough
onhisHijrahfromMakkahtoAlMadinahAlMunawwarah.Iturgesustostimulateofficialstosetsignsindicating
suchposts,likeforexampletwolowertentsasnearaspossibletothetwotentsofUmMa`badwith
whateverelseissuitablefortherestofposts,aftertakingthenecessaryprecautionstopreventany
transgressionthatcouldimparttothemthetingeofsanctityorglory,andanydeviationfromthe
requirementsofShariàh.For,theaimistoinformstudents,researchersandtouristswhowanttoknow
aboutthispathandtheseposts,toperceivewhattheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)wentthroughduring
thissecretandcoverttrip
ofdifficulties.ThisismeantonlytogivelessonandexampleandinurepeopleendurehardshipsinDa`wah
(callingpeopletoAllah),followingtheexampleoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim).
However,sideroadsshouldbebuiltandpaved,offthemainroads,withresthousesforthetourists,making
iteasierforpeopletoenterplaceswheretheProphet(peacebeuponhim)passed,startingwiththecaveof
Hira',thenThawr,andtheplacewheretheProphetwaspursuedbySuraqahibnMalik,untilwereachQuba'.This
shouldalsoincludetheprecedingsitesinMakkahAlMukarramah,suchasDarAlArqambinAbuAlArqam,thepass
whereheandhisfamilywereboycotted,thepathwayheassumedduringtheConquestofMakkah,andthen
hisplaceshestoppedatinAlAbtah,andalsoinAlHudaybiyyah,Hunayn,andBadr.Thisalsoappliestositeshe
stoppedatinAlMadinahAlMunawwarah,thebattlefieldsoftheconquests,andhisplacesofpresenceinitsrural
areas,thenhis(peacebeuponhim)pathtoKhaybar,andtoTabuk.Thisisthusmeanttoprovidepeoplewith
moreinformationabouthisuniqueeffortsinspreadingtheIslamicDa`wah,andtoteachthemtofollowthe
Prophet'sexampleinthatregard.[Endofquote]
Likewise,Dr.FaruqAkhdarrecommendedinhisarticle,publishedinAlJazirahnewspaper,issuenumber3354,
dated13/1/1402A.H.,thedevelopmentofarchaeologicalsitesintheKingdomofSaudiArabiabythe
Muslimsonacontinuingbasis,toensureincomeasheallegedthatpetrolreserveswouldrunout.
Maintaininghisviewpoint,hestated"thatChristianreligioustourismintheVaticanisoneofthemain
sourcesofincomeinItalianeconomy,andthatIsraelsoldemptybottlestotheJewsinAmerica,underthe
claimthatsuchbottleswerefullofholyairfromAlQuds".Healsopointedoutthatamongthebenefitsthis
willbringaboutisthatitwillinvolve"EngraveknowledgeaboutIslamthemindsofMuslimchildren,etc.".
DuetowhatrevivingreligiousmonumentsleadstowithregardtothreatstotheÀqidah(creed),Iwanted
toclarifythetruthandcorroboratethewritingsofscholarsonthisissue,cooperatewiththosescholarsin
righteousnessandTaqwa(fearingAllahasHeshouldbefeared),advisepeopleforthesakeofAllah,expose
suspiciouspoints,andillustratesupportingevidence.Hence,Iwouldliketosaythat,
TakingcareofmonumentsinthewaymentionedabovewouldleadtoShirk(associatingothersinworship
withAllahmayHebeExalted).Thisisbecausepeople'ssoulsareweakandarebredtoclingtothatwhichit
deemsisbeofbenefittothem.Besides,therearemanytypesofShirk,whichareimperceptibleformost
people.Hence,thosewhostopatthesemonumentswhethertheyarerealorfakemonumentswillrealize
thatignorantpeoplewipethemselveswiththedirtoftheseplaces,andwiththetreesandstonestherein.
Thoseignorantpeoplealsopraythereandinvokethosetowhomthesitesareattributed,thinkingthatthisis
ameansofgettingclosertoAllah(ExaltedbeHe),attainingShafaàh(intercession),andhavingtheirs
distressesrelieved.Suchanignorancebasedapproachismaintainedbymisleadingcallerswhosesoulsare
impregnatedwithidolatry,andwhoexploitthesemonumentstomisguidepeopleandencouragethemto
visitthesemonumentsinordertoacquiresomefinancialgains.Unfortunately,thereisnooneatthese
monumentstoinformpeoplethattheyaremeantonlyforpeopletoderiveanexample.Rather,theopposite
usuallytakesplace.Thisisevidenttothewisepeopleinsomecountriesthatareafflictedwiththeobsessive
attachmenttoshrines,wherepeopleareaccustomedtoworshippingthembesidesAllah,and
circumambulatingtheminthesamewayMuslimscircumambulatetheKa`bah,onthepretextthatpeople www.ircpk.com
entombedthereinareAwliya'(piouspeople).So,whatwouldtheydoiftheytoldthatsuchmonumentsare
attributedtotheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim),knowingthatSatanunremittinglyseizesthemost
suitabletimestomisleadpeople,andthusAllah(ExaltedbeHe)saysaboutit: [Ibls(Satan)]said:"ByYourMight,
thenIwillsurelymisleadthemall, "ExceptYourchosenslavesamongstthem(i.e.faithful,obedient,truebelieversofIslmic
Monotheism)." He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosaysaboutSatan,theEnemyofAllah: (Ibls)said:"BecauseYouhavesentme
astray,surelyIwillsitinwaitagainstthem(humanbeings)onYourStraightPath. "ThenIwillcometothemfrombeforethemand
behindthem,fromtheirrightandfromtheirleft,andYouwillnotfindmostofthemasthankfulones(i.e.theywillnotbedutifulto
You)." Inaddition,itsetAdamastrayandcausedhimtobedrivenoutofJannah(Paradise),althoughAllah
(ExaltedbeHe)hadwarnedAdamagainstSatan,andshowedhimthatSatanwashisenemy,as
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)saysinSurat(chapter)Taha: ThusdidAdamdisobeyhisLord,sohewentastray. ThenhisLord

chosehim,andturnedtohimwithforgiveness,andgavehimguidance.
AnotherexampleisthestoryoftheChildrenofIsraelwithAlSamirywhenhemoldedforthem,outoftheir
possessions,acalftoworshipotherthanAllah.Then,Satanmadethisactfairseemingtotthem,althoughit
wasclearlyBatil(false).IthasbeenauthenticallyreportedinJami`(HadithCompilationof)AlTirmidhyand
othersthroughaSahih(anauthentic)chainofnarratorsfromAbuWaqidAllaythi(mayAllahbepleasedwith
him)thathesaid: WewentoutwiththeMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)toHunayn,whilewehadjustrecentlyleftKufr
(disbelief).TheMushriks(pl.onewhoassociatesotherswithAllahinworship)hadalotetreewhichtheywouldfrequentandtohang
theirswordsuponit.Theycalledit'DhatAnwat(possessorofmedalsofhonor)'.Whenwepassedbyalotetree,weasked,O
MessengerofAllah,wouldyoumakeforusaDhatAnwatjustliketheirDhatAnwat?AllahsMessenger(peacebeuponhim)said,
AllahuAkbar(AllahistheMostGreat)!ThiswaythatyouhavementionedbytheOne(Allah)inWhoseHandmysoulisisineed
justlikewhattheChildrenofIsraelaskedMusa,'makeforusagodliketheirgods'.Certainlyyouwillfollowthewaysofthosewho
wentbeforeyou. Thus,helikenedtheirsaying,'makeforusanotherDhatAnwat,justliketheirDhatAnwat'to
thatoftheChildrenofIsrael.'makeforusagodjustliketheirgods'.Thisindicatesthatitismeaningsand
purposes,andnotsheerwords,thatcount.AndduetothegravityofthecrimeofShirkanditsthreatsin
ruiningone'swork,wefindAlKhalilAllah'sCloseFellowProphetIbrahim(Abraham,peacebeuponhim)
invokeAllahtosafeguardhimandhischildrenagainstShirk.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: And(remember)
whenIbrhm(Abraham)said:"OmyLord!Makethiscity(Makkah)oneofpeaceandsecurity,andkeepmeandmysonsawayfrom
worshippingidols. OmyLord!Theyhaveindeedledastraymanyamongmankind. Iftheprophetsandmessengers
beingthebestofcreations,themostknowledgeableamongthemaboutAllah,andthemostandaremost
fearfulofHimwereafraidofthis,thenothersaremorelikelytofallintothistrap.Hence,theyshouldbe
warnedofit,andallthemeansleadingtoitshouldbeblocked.
Nomatterhowmuchcarethefollowersofthetruthtakeofprecautionsorreservations,itwillnotprotectthe
ignorantpeoplefromthecorruptionsentailingsanctifyingmonuments.Thisisbecausepeopledifferinterms
oftheirunderstanding,
vulnerabilityandtheirsearchforthetruthtoagreatextent,andthereforethepeopleofNuh(peacebeupon
him)worshippedWadd,Suwa`,Yaghuth,YaùqandNasra(thesearethenamesoftheiridols),although
theoriginalpurposeofhewingthemoutwastoremindpeopleofthegooddeedsofthoseindividualsand
thusencouragethemtoemulatethesepersons,nottheidolizeorworshipthembesidesAllah.However,
Satanmisguidedthosewhocameafterthosepeoplewhocarvedsuchsculptures,andledthemtoworship
theidolsinsteadofAllah.ThiswasthereasonofShirkamongBanuAdam(theChildrenofAdam),aswas
reportedbyAlBukhari(mayAllahbeMercifulwithhim),inhisSahih(authenticbookofHadith).
ItwasnarratedbyIbnÀbbas(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemboth)intheTafsir(explanation)ofAllah's
(ExaltedbeHe)saying: "Andtheyhavesaid:Youshallnotleaveyourgods:norshallyouleaveWadd,norSuw,norYaghth,
norYa qnorNasr(thesearethenamesoftheiridols). saidthatthesearenamesofrighteousmenfromthepeopleof
Nuh.Headdedthatwhentheyperished,Sataninspiredtheirpeopletosetstatuesintheseatswherethose
righteousmenusedtosit,andtonamethestatuesafterthenamesofthosepeople.Sureenough,theydid
it.Then,thewereworshippedonlyafterthosewhohadmadethemperishedandknowledgewasdiscarded.
AsforexamplesfromthepracticesoftheJewsandChristians,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)ordered
ustoguardagainsttheirways,becauseitisthepathtoaberrationandloss.Besides,itisimpermissibleto
imitatethemintheirwayssincetheycontradictourIslamicShariàh.Theywerealsoknownfortheir
misguidance,followingtheirownwhims,distortionofwhatwasrevealedtothemthroughtheirprophets.
Duetothesereasonsandothers,weareforbiddentoimitatethemortocopytheirways.For,thecorruption
whichwouldentailtakingcareofandrestoringandrevivingmonumentsareinescapable,andnoneother
thanAllah(ExaltedbeHe)canknowtheextentandtypesoftheirevilconsequences.ThereforeitisWajib
(obligatory)topreventtherevivalofmonumentsinordertoavoidthatwhichcouldleadtofurther
corruption.ItisknownthattheCompanionsoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)mayAllahbepleasedwith
them,werethemostknowledgeablepeopleregardingtheReligionofAllah,themostlovedbythe
MessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim),andthebesttogiveadvicetotheSlavesofAllah.However,they
didnotreviveorsanctifythesemonuments,orevenadviseotherstorevivethem.
Rather,when Umar(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)sawsomepeopletraveltothetreebywhichthe
CompanionspledgedallegiancetotheProphet(peacebeuponhim),heordered
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thatitberootedoutlestpeoplecouldidolizeitandthusstooptoworshippingitbesidesAllah.Thereupon,
theMuslimsthankedhimfordoingsoandconsideredthisasoneofhiscommendableacts(mayAllahbe
pleasedwithhim).
Moreover,ifrevivingthesemonumentsorvisitingthemwerealawfulact,thentheProphet(peacebeupon
him)wouldhavedonesoinMakkahandaftertheHijrah(Prophet'smigrationtoMadinah)ororderedpeople
todoso,orhisCompanionswouldhaveeitherdonesothemselvesorrecommendedotherstodoit,
knowingthatithasbeenpreviouslymentionedthattheywerethemostknowledgeableamongpeopleofthe
ShariàhofAllah,themostlovedbytheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim),andthebesttogive
advicetotheServantsofAllah.Ithasnotbeenproventhathe(peacebeuponhim)orhisCompanions
visitedthecaveofHira'whentheywereinMakkah,orinthecaveofThawr.Theydidnotevendosoduringthe
Ùmrah(lesserpilgrimage),theYearofConquest,ortheFarewellPilgrimage.Besides,theydidnotmake
theirwaytotheplaceofthetwotentsofUmMa`bad,ortheplaceofthetreeofthepledge.Therefore,it
becameknownthatvisitingtheplaces,andpavingtheroadswhichleadtoitisaninnovatedconcept,which
hasnobasisintheShariàhofAllah,andisamongthegravestthingsthatleadtomajorShirk(associating
otherswithAllahinHisworship).AndsinceestablishingbuildingsongravesandusingthemasMasjids
(mosques)isoneofthegravestthingsthatleadtoShirk,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)forbadeit,and
hecursedtheJewsandChristiansformakingthegravesoftheirprophetsMasjids,informingusthatanyone
whodoessoisthemostevilofcreations.
ItwasauthenticallyreportedinSahihMuslim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)fromJundubibnÀbdullahAlBajaly
(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thathesaid:TheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)said, Bewareof
thosewhoprecededyouandusedtotakethegravesoftheirprophetsandrighteousmenasplacesofworship,butyoumustnottake
gravesasMasjidsIforbidyoutodothat. Besides,inSahihMuslimtoo,itwasnarratedfromJabiribnÀbdullah(may
Allahbepleasedwithhim)thathesaid: TheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)forbadetheplasteringofthegraves,
sittingonthem,andbuildingonthem. AlTirmidhyaddedthefollowingthroughanauthenticchainofnarrators, and
inscribingonthem. TheHadithscarryingasimilarmeaningsareplenty.
Inaddition,theperfectIslamicShariàhhasindicatedtheobligationofblockingallverbalandpractical
meansleadingtoshirk,andscholarscorroboratedthiswithcountlessproofs.Ofthoseproofs,scholarIbnAl
Qayyim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)inhisbook[I`lamAlMuwaqiìn]mentionedninetynine,allof
whichprovetheobligationofblockingallthemeansleadingtoShirkortosins.SuchproofsincludeAllah's
(ExaltedbeHe)saying:
Andinsultnotthosewhomthey(disbelievers)worshipbesidesAllh,lesttheyinsultAllhwrongfullywithoutknowledge. andthe
sayingoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim): Noprayeristobeofferedafterthemorningprayeruntilthesunrises,andno
prayeristobeofferedafterAsruntilthesunsets. Thisismeanttoblockthemeansleadingtoworshipofthesun
insteadofAllah.
Itisalsomeanttopreventimitationofthosewhodosuchacts.AnothermentionedproofisthattheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)forbadethebuildingofMasjidsontopofgraveyards,andcursedthosewhodoso.He
alsoforbadetheplasteringofthegraves,honoringthem,andtakingthemasMasjids.Moreover,heforbade
facingitinprayerorofferingprayerthere.Likewise,heorderedthelevelingofthem(toground),and
forbadethatpeoplelightlampsonthemortraveltothem,sothatthiswouldnotbeapretexttotakingthem
asidolsorassociatingthemwithAllahinworship.Indeed,thisisdeemedforbiddenforallpeople,those
whoidolizethemandthosewhodonotmeantodoso,inordertoblockthemeansleadingevil.
WhatisWajib(obligation)upontheMuslimscholarsandgovernorsistofollowinthefootstepsofthe
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)andofhisCompanions(mayAllahbepleasedwiththem)inthisandinother
matters.TheyarealsoobligedtoforbidwhatevertheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)forbade,and
topreventanythingwhichcouldleadtoShirk,mischief,sinoridolizationoftheprophetsandthe
Awliya'(piouspeople)inordertoprotectTawhid(Monotheism)andblockthemeansleadingtoShirk.We
askAllahtomendtheaffairsofMuslimsandgrantthemcomprehensionofthereligion,andtograntsuccess
toMuslimscholarsandgovernorstothatwhichwillinvolvestheirimprovementandsalvationinthisworld
andtheHereafter.WealsoaskAllahtoguidetheMuslimtoactupontheShariàhofAllahinallaffairs,and
tosetallMuslimsonHisStraightPath,forHeisAbletodoallthat.MaythePeaceandBlessingsofAllahbe
uponHisServant,HisMessengerandourProphetMuhammad,andhisfamilyandcompanionsandthose
whouprightlyfollowhisguidanceuntiltheDayofJudgment.
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TheConferenceoftheIslamicSummitandCausesofVictory
AllpraisebetoAllah.PeaceandblessingsbeupontheMessengerofAllah,hisfamily,hisCompanionsand
thosewhofollowedhisguidance.
Toproceed:
WhoeverpondersontheGloriousQur'anrevealedbyAllahtoexplaineverything,ameansofguidance,
mercyandgladtidingsforMuslimswillfindamanifestrevelationinthefactorsofvictory,themeansof
empowermentonearth,andtheannihilationofenemies,regardlessofhowstrongtheyare.Hewillalsofind
thatthosemeansandfactorsareallrelatedtotwobasicfactorswhichare:
truefaithinAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)andsincereJihad(fighting)inthe
CauseofAllah.ItiswellknownthattheShar`yIman(faith),withwhichAllahhasassociatedvictoryand
goodreward,includesdevotiontoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)ineveryact,followingHisordinances,and
abstinencefromHisprohibitions.Moreover,ImanincludesobligatoryapplicationofShariàh(Islamiclaw)
asthejudgmentofallmattersinthesociety,enjoiningvirtues,forbiddingvicesandreferringalldisputes
amongpeopletotheBookofAllahandtheSunnah(whateverisreportedfromtheProphet)ofHis
Messenger(peacebeuponhim).Inaddition,itincludestheobligatorypreparationofeverypossiblemeans
ofpowertodefendreligionandlandandtofightthosewhodeviatefromAlHaqq(theTruth)untilthey
returntoit.
ThesecondfactoristhetrueJihadanditisalsooneoftheobligatoryactsofIman.Indeed,Allah(Exalted
beHe)hasdrawnourattentiontoandmadeaspecialmentionofitinmanyplacesinHisBook.Similarly,
theMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)enjoinedJihadontheUmmah(nationbasedononecreed)and
exhortedtoitbecauseofitsgreatimportance
andthedireneedforit.Mostpeoplecannotbedeterredfromtheirfalsehoodbymeremenaceandthreat.
ThereshouldbeadeterrentrulingtomakethemabidebyAlHaqqandpreventthemfromfalsehood.
WheneveranyUmmahorcountrypossessesthesetwobasicfactors:BelievinginAllah(ExaltedbeHe)and
HisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)andJihadintheCauseofAllah,theywillbevictoriousandAllahwill
empowerthemontheearthandgrantthemsuccession.ThisisreallyAllah'sPromisethatcanneverbe
brokenandAllahsWay(ofconductingaffairs)thatcanneverbechanged.Theearlygenerationsofthis
Ummahhadhonor,empowerment,andvictoryoverenemies,provingtheevidencementionedinthe
GloriousQur'anandtheSunnahofthehonestMessenger(peacebeuponhim).Whoeverhasminor
knowledgeabouttheIslamichistory,willbecertainofthetruthfulnessofwhatwementionedaboveandwill
knowthatitisanaccomplishedfactthatshouldnotbeignored.Theonlyreasoniswhatwehavepreviously
mentionedaboutthesincerityofthefirstgenerationintheirbeliefinAllah,HisMessenger,andinfightingin
theCauseofAllahbywords,actionsandbelief.
DearMuslimbrothersandsisters,herearesomeAyahs(Qur'anicverses)andHadithsconfirmingwhatwas
mentionedinorderthatyoucanbefullyawareandwellinformed.Thus,youcouldcalltothePathofyour
LordanddrawtheattentionofyourfellowMuslimtothemeansofachievingvictoryandbewareofthe
causesofdefeat. IfAllahguidesevenonemanthroughyouthatisbetterforyouthanpossessingthemostvaluableofthecamels.
ThisHadithisauthenticallynarratedfromtheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim).Allah(Glorifiedand
ExaltedbeHe)says: Oyouwhobelieve!Ifyouhelp(inthecauseof)Allh,Hewillhelpyou,andmakeyourfootholdfirm.
Mufassirs(exegetesoftheQur'an)unanimouslyagreedthatsupportingAllah(GlorifiedbeHe)istosupport
Hisreligionbyactingaccordingtoitsteachings,callingtoitandfightingthosewhoopposeit.Thismeaning
iscomprisedintheotherAyahfromSurahAlHajjinwhichAllah(GlorifiedbeHe)says: Verily,Allhwillhelp
thosewhohelpHis(Cause).Truly,AllhisAllStrong,AllMighty. Those(Muslimrulers)who,ifWegivethempowerintheland,
(they)enjoinIqamatasSalt[i.e.toperformthefivecompulsorycongregationalSalt(prayers)(themalesinmosques)],topaythe
ZaktandtheyenjoinAlM a rf(i.e.IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmordersonetodo),andforbidAlMunkar(i.e.disbelief,
polytheismandallthatIslmhasforbidden)[i.e.theymaketheQurnasthelawoftheircountryinallthespheresoflife]. Allah
(ExaltedbeHe)says: and(asfor)thebelievers,itwasincumbentuponUstohelp(them).
ThereisnodoubtthatatrueMu'min(believer)istheonewhoabidesbytheordinancesofAllah,believesin
Histidings,abstainsfromHisprohibitions,andtakesHislawasajudge.Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)says: Oyou
whobelieve!IfyouobeyandfearAllh,HewillgrantyouFurqn[(acriteriontojudgebetweenrightandwrong),or(Makhraj,i.e.a
wayforyoutogetoutfromeverydifficulty)],andwillexpiateforyouyoursins,andforgiveyou
Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)saysinmanifestationoftheattributesofthebelieversandpiouspeople: ItisnotAlBirr
(piety,righteousness,andeachandeveryactofobediencetoAllh,etc.)thatyouturnyourfacestowardseastand(or)west(in
prayers)butAlBirris(thequalityof)theonewhobelievesinAllh,theLastDay,theAngels,theBook,theProphetsandgiveshis
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wealth,inspiteofloveforit,tothekinsfolk,totheorphans,andtoAlMaskn(thepoor),andtothewayfarer,andtothosewhoask,
andtosetslavesfree,performsAsSalt(IqmatasSalt),andgivestheZakt,andwhofulfiltheircovenantwhentheymakeit,and
whoarepatientinextremepovertyandailment(disease)andatthetimeoffighting(duringthebattles).Sucharethepeopleofthe
truthandtheyareAlMuttaqn(thepiousSeeV.2:2).
Omybrothersandsisters!Ponderoverthesegoodattributesandnoblemannersthengetaccustomedto
them.Youwillbeoneofthetruebelieversandsuccessfulpiouspeople.Thereisnodoubtthatitistheduty
ofeveryonewhobelongstoIslamwhetherheisaking,aleader,anEmirortheliketoreproachhimselfand
strivehardtoacquiresuchnoblemannersandactaccordingtothem.Moreover,heshouldobligatethose
underhisauthoritytoabidebythesemannersanddeedswhichAllah(ExaltedbeHe)hasenjoinedon
Muslims.Heshouldbesincereindoingthis,seekthehelpofAllah,andemploypiouspeoplewhocanhelp
himperformtheordinancesofAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)asmuchas
possible,supportthemasmuchaspossible,andcooperatewithotherkings,leaders,andmastersinthis
greatmatterwhichprovidesthemwithhonor,victoryandempowermentontheearth.Allah(Glorifiedbe
He)says: Allhhaspromisedthoseamongyouwhobelieveanddorighteousgooddeeds,thatHewillcertainlygrantthem
successionto(thepresentrulers)intheland,asHegrantedittothosebeforethem,andthatHewillgrantthemtheauthorityto
practisetheirreligionwhichHehaschosenforthem(i.e.Islm).AndHewillsurelygivetheminexchangeasafesecurityaftertheir
fear(provided)they(believers)worshipMeanddonotassociateanything(inworship)withMe.Butwhoeverdisbelievesafterthis,
theyaretheFsiqn(rebellious,disobedienttoAllh).
CommandingHisservantstopreparepower,Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)inSurahAlAnfalsays: Andmakeready
againstthemallyoucanofpower,includingsteedsofwar(tanks,planes,missiles,artillery)tothreatentheenemyofAllhandyour
enemy,andothersbesideswhom,youmaynotknowbutwhomAllhdoesknow.AndwhateveryoushallspendintheCauseofAllh
shallberepaiduntoyou,andyoushallnotbetreatedunjustly. He(Allah)commandedthemtobecautiousofthe
enemiesandtheirplots,soHe(ExaltedbeHe)saysinSurahAnNisa': Oyouwhobelieve!Takeyourprecautions,
andeithergoforth(onanexpedition)inparties,orgoforthalltogether. Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)saystoHisProphet
(peacebeuponhim): Whenyou(OMessengerMuhammad)areamongthem,andleadtheminAsSalt
(theprayer),letonepartyofthemstandup[inSalt(prayer)]withyoutakingtheirarmswiththemwhentheyfinishtheir
prostrations,letthemtaketheirpositionsintherearandlettheotherpartycomeupwhichhavenotyetprayed,andletthempray
withyoutakingalltheprecautionsandbearingarms.Thosewhodisbelievewish,ifyouwerenegligentofyourarmsandyour
baggage,toattackyouinasinglerush,butthereisnosinonyouifyouputawayyourarmsbecauseoftheinconvenienceofrainor
becauseyouareill,buttakeeveryprecautionforyourselves.Verily,Allhhaspreparedahumiliatingtormentforthedisbelievers.
Obrothersandsisters!ConsidercarefullythisgreatteachingandeloquentinstructionfromtheCreatorofthe
earthandtheHeavens,WhoisallknowingofthesecretsandhiddenmattersandinWhoseHandsliesthe
reliefofourheartsandinWhoseHandsliesthecomplicationofmattersandtheirrelief,youwillknowthat
Islampaysmuchattentiontocauses,exhortspeopletoconsiderthem,andwarnsthemaboutneglectingor
ignoringthem.YouwillknowthatitisnotpermissibleforaMuslimnotto
pursueworldlycausesorevenneglectthem.Atthesametime,itisnotpermissibleforaMuslimtotrust
them,forheshouldrelyonAllahAlone,believingthatHe(GlorifiedbeHe)istheProviderofvictory.
Indeed,thisisthetrueessenceoflegalTawakkul(puttingonestrustinAllah)whichistobelievethatevery
matterhasacauseorameansinordertobematerialized,beconcernedwiththem,relyonAllah,andput
ourtrustinHim.AllahhasemphasizedthismeaninginmanyAyahssuchasAllah'ssaying(ExaltedbeHe):
AndwhosoeverfearsAllhandkeepshisdutytoHim,Hewillmakeawayforhimtogetout(fromeverydifficulty). AndHewill
Hementioned
providehimfrom(sources)henevercouldimagine.AndwhosoeverputshistrustinAllh,thenHewillsufficehim.
Taqwa(fearingAllahasHeshouldbefeared)firstwhichisthegreatestmeanswhoseessenceistoobey
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)andHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)ineverythingconcerningthebeliefin
sensuous,spiritual,politicalandmilitarycauses.Afterwards,HementionedTawakkul,asAllahsays(Exalted
beHe): AndwhosoeverputshistrustinAllh,thenHewillsufficehim. Moreover,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says:
(Remember)whenyousoughthelpofyourLordandHeansweredyou(saying):"Iwillhelpyouwithathousandoftheangelseach
behindtheother(followingoneanother)insuccession." Allhmadeitonlyasgladtidings,andthatyourheartsbeatrest
therewith.AndthereisnovictoryexceptfromAllh.Verily,AllhisAllMighty,AllWise.
Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)mentionsthesincereJihadinseveralAyahsalongwithitsconsequencesincluding
victoryinthisworldandhappinessintheHereafter.HealsoclarifiestheattributesoftrueMujahids(those
strivingintheCauseofAllah)tobedistinguishedfromothers.Allahsays(ExaltedbeHe): Marchforth,whether
youarelight(beinghealthy,youngandwealthy)orheavy(beingill,oldandpoor),andstrivehardwithyourwealthandyourlivesin
theCauseofAllh.Thisisbetterforyou,ifyoubutknew. AndHe(ExaltedbeHe)says: Oyouwhobelieve!Whenyoumeet
(anenemy)force,takeafirmstandagainstthemandremembertheNameofAllhmuch(bothwithtongueandmind),sothatyou
maybesuccessful. AndobeyAllhandHisMessenger,anddonotdispute(withoneanother)lestyoulosecourageandyour
strengthdeparts,andbepatient.Surely,AllhiswiththosewhoareAsSbirn(thepatient). Andbenotlikethosewhocomeout
oftheirhomesboastfullyandtobeseenofmen,andhinder(men)fromthePathofAllhandAllhisMuhtun(encirclingand
thoroughlycomprehending)allthattheydo.
ThinkaboutthesegreatattributesofthetrueMujahidsandyouwillknowtheconditionwhichMuslimshave
reachedthesedaysandtheconditionofthepastMujahids.Moreover,youwillknowthereasonbehindtheir
successandthefailureofthosewhocameafterthem.Thereisnomeanstoachievevictoryinthisworldand
happinessintheHereafterbutthroughacquiringthemannerswhichAllah(ExaltedbeHe)ordained,called
tothemandassociatedvictorywiththem.Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)hasmanifestedsuchmannersinHisPlain
BookintheAyahsmentionedaboveandothers.Allahsays(ExaltedbeHe): Oyouwhobelieve!ShallIguideyouto www.ircpk.com
atradethatwillsaveyoufromapainfultorment? ThatyoubelieveinAllhandHisMessenger(Muhammad)
andthatyoustrivehardandfightintheCauseofAllhwithyourwealthandyourlives:thatwillbebetterforyou,ifyoubutknow!
(Ifyoudoso)Hewillforgiveyouyoursins,andadmityouintoGardensunderwhichriversflow,andpleasantdwellingsinAdn(Eden)
Paradisethatisindeedthegreatsuccess. Andalso(Hewillgiveyou)another(blessing)whichyoulove,helpfromAllh(against
yourenemies)andanearvictory.Andgivegladtidings(OMuhammad)tothebelievers.
IntheseAyahs,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)hascollectedthemeansofvictoryandtraceditbacktotwobasic
factorswhichare:BeliefinAllahandHisMessengerandJihadinHisCause.Consequently,thiswillleadto
forgivenessofsins,attainingParadiseintheHereafter,victoryinthisworld,andimminentconquest.Allah
(GlorifiedbeHe)mentionedthatMuslimslikevictoryandconquestbynature,therefore,Hesays: Andalso(He
willgiveyou)another(blessing)whichyoulove,helpfromAllh(againstyourenemies)andanearvictory.
Soifourkingsandleaders,inthisconference,entertainasincereinterestinimminentvictory,conquestand
happinessinthisworldandintheHereafter,thenindeed,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)hasshownthemtheright
pathandclarifiedthefactorsandmeansthatleadtothis.TheyonlyhavetorepenttoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)
sincerelyfromtheirpreviousnegligenceandslacknessinfulfillingtheduerightsofAllah
andHisServants,takeasincereoathtobelieveinAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andHisMessenger(peacebeupon
him),applytheShariàh,holdfasttotheRopeofAllahandfighttheenemiesasonehandwitheverypower
Allahhasgrantedthem.Moreover,theyshouldabandontheprincipleswhichopposetheLawofAllahand
theessenceofHisreligion,relyonAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andnooneelsefromtheeasternorwesterncamp,
believethateverymatterhasameanstobematerializedandprepareeverypossiblepowerbyallpermissible
meansofShariàh.Theyshouldalsobeindependent,impartialtoallthenonMuslimblocsfromtheeast
andthewest,andbedistinguishedbybelievinginAllahandHisMessenger,adheringtoHisreligionand
holdingfasttoHisShariàh.Regardingweaponsanddifferenttypesofequipment,itispermissibleto
possessthembyeverypossiblewayandeverypossiblemeansinconformitywithPurifiedShariàh(Law).
WeaskAllah,byHisbeautifulNamesandloftyAttributes,toblessthisconference,makeitbeneficialtoHis
Servants,makeitameansofreunitingMuslims,andreconciletheirleaders.MayAllahgrantsuccesstothose
whoparticipateinthisconferenceineveryactwhichpleasesHim,honorsHisreligion,disgracesHis
enemies,returnsthestolenrightsbacktotheirownersandabstainsfromtheprinciplesandmannersthat
opposeIslam.Indeed,AllahistheOwnerofeverythingandhavepowerovereverything.Maypeaceand
blessingsbeuponHisServantandHisMessenger,ourProphetMuhammad,hisfamily,hisCompanionsand
thosewhofollowedhimrighteously.
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Thestatusofwomeninlife
ThisisananswertoaquestionreceivedfromAlJeelMagazineinRiyadregardingthestatusofwomenin
Islam.
AllpraisebetoAllah,Alone.MaypeaceandblessingsbeuponthemosthonorableMessengeranduponhis
family,hisCompanionsandtheirfollowersuntiltheDayofJudgment.
WomenenjoyaremarkablyloftystatusinIslam.TheygreatlyinfluencethelifeofeveryindividualMuslim,
astheyrepresentthefirstschoolinbuildinganygoodsocietyespeciallywhentheyareguidedbythe
principlesoftheBookofAllahi.e.theGloriousQur'an,andtheSunnah(whateverisreportedfromthe
Prophet)oftheProphet(peacebeuponhim).AdherencetotheprinciplesoftheQur'anandSunnahprotects
Muslimsfromallformsofdeviation.ThecorruptionofnationsresultsfromtheirnegligenceoftheManhaj
(methodology)ofAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)andtheteachingsoftheProphets(peacebeupon
them).TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)stated: Ihavelefttwomatterswithyou.Aslongasyouholdtothem,youwill
notgoastray.TheyaretheBookofAllahandmySunnah. .
ManyAyahs(Qur'anicverses)oftheGloriousQur'anrefertothenoblestatusofwomenbetheymothers,
wives,sisters,ordaughters.TheseAyahsalsodefinetheirrightsaswellastheirobligations.ThePurified
Sunnahdemonstratestheserightsandobligationsindetail.
Thesignificanceofwomenisaccentuatedbythenatureoftheburdensthattheypatientlyendure,whichat
times,exceedsmen'sabilitytowithstand.Thatiswhyoneofthemostimportantdutiestowardsone's
motheristothank,bedutifulto,
andbefriendher.InIslam,obeyingmotherstakesprecedenceoverthatowedtofathers.Allah(Exaltedbe
He)states: AndWehaveenjoinedonman(tobedutifulandgood)tohisparents.Hismotherborehiminweaknessandhardship
uponweaknessandhardship,andhisweaningisintwoyearsgivethankstoMeandtoyourparents.UntoMeisthefinaldestination.
He(ExaltedbeHe)states: AndWehaveenjoinedonmantobedutifulandkindtohisparents.Hismotherbearshimwith
Amancameto
hardship.Andshebringshimforthwithhardship,andthebearingofhim,andtheweaningofhimisthirtymonths
theProphet(peaceuponhim)andsaid: OMessengerofAllah,whoismostworthyofmykindcareamongallpeople?The
Prophetsaid:Yourmother.Again,heasked:Then,whoisnext?TheProphetsaid:Yourmother.Hethenasked:Then,whoisnext?
TheProphetalsosaid:Yourmother.Heagainasked:Thenwho?Thereupon,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)said:Yourfather.
AccordingtothisHadith,mothersshouldberegardedthreefoldabovewhatfathersaredue.
Thestatusofthewifeandheraffectontheserenityandstabilityoftheentirefamilyisclearlyillustratedin
thisGloriousAyahwhereAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says: AndamongHisSignsisthis,thatHecreatedforyouwivesfrom
amongyourselves,thatyoumayfindreposeinthem,andHehasputbetweenyouaffectionandmercy. AlHafizhibnKathir(may
Allahbemercifulwithhim)saidintheexplanationofAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)words"affectionandmercy",
affectionmeanslovewhilemercymeansclemency.So,amanmarriesawomanduetothesetwopassionsin
mind.Heshowsherloveandclemency,asshebearshimchildren.
Khadijah's(mayAllahbepleasedwithher)unparalleledloyaltywasthemostimportantelementinassuringtheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)whenJibril(Gabriel,peacebeuponhim)firsttimecametohimwiththerevelationof
theGloriousQur'aninthecaveofHira'.Uponreturninghometrembling,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)
cried: Wrapmeup,wrapmeupIfearformyself!Khadijahreplied:Restassured,forIswearbyAllahthatHewillneverhumiliate
you.ByAllah,youjointiesofrelationship,youspeakthetruth,youbearpeople'sburdens,youhelpthedestitute,youentertainguests,
andyouassistothersinseekingtheirrights.
WealsocannotforgettheinfluenceofÀishah(mayAllahbepleasedwithher)whoconveyedtheHadithto
someseniorSahabah(CompanionsoftheProphet)andmanyfemaleSahabah(CompanionsoftheProphet)
learnednumerousfemalerelatedrulingsfromher.Inrecenthistory,duringthetimeofImamMuhammadibn
Suùd(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim),hiswifeadvisedhimtoaccepttheDa`wah(calling)ofImam
MuhammadibnÀbdulWahhab(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim).WhentheImampresentedhisDa`wahtohim,
heradvicewasofunlimitedvalueintheirmutualagreementtorevivetheDa`wah(callingtoIslam)and
promoteit.ThankstoAllah,andthentheirefforts,todaywecanpalpablynoticethegreatinfluenceoftheir
workintheÀqidah(creed)ofthepeopleoftheArabianPeninsula.
Undoubtedly,mymotherwasmygreatestblessingever.Sheencouragedmetoadvanceinmystudiesand
supportedme,mayAllahmultiplyherrewardandrecompenseherwiththebest.
Houseswhereaffection,love,clemency,andIslamicupbringingprevailwillundoubtedlyaffectonmale
members(AccordingAllah'sdecree)toprovesuccessfulinallpursuitsandfieldincludingacademic, www.ircpk.com
commercialoragriculturalfieldsandotheractivities.IsupplicateAllahtograntusallsuccessinwhatpleases
Him.MayAllah'sPeaceandBlessingsbeuponHisMessenger,hisfamilyandCompanions!
www.ircpk.com

TheRulingonfemaledrivingofcars
AllpraisebetoAllah,Alone.MaypeaceandblessingsbeupontheMessengerofAllah!
TherehasbeenalotofdiscussionintheJazirahMagazineregardingfemaledrivingofcars.Evilsand
temptationsofthismeasureiswellknowntoeveryoneincludingthosewhocallforit.Forexample,this
entailsunlawfulKhulwah(beingalonewithamemberoftheoppositesex),unveilingtheface,carelessand
freeintermixing(ofmenandwomen),andcommittingadulterywhichisthemainreasonfortheprohibition
ofthesepractices.Allah'sSacredShari'ah(Law)forbidsallmansleadingtounlawfulactionsandmakesthem
Haram(prohibited)inthemselves.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)commandedthewivesoftheProphet
andallbelievingwomentoremainintheirhomesandtoweartheirHijab(veil)iftheymustgooutforsome
need.HealsocommandswomennottodisplaytheirbeautytoanyoneotherthantheirMahram(husbandor
unmarriageablerelative),asitwillinevitablyleadtolicentiousnessthatcandevastatetheentirecommunity,
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)states: Andstayinyourhouses,anddonotdisplayyourselveslikethatofthetimesofignorance,and
performAsSalt(IqamtasSalt),andgiveZaktandobeyAllhandHisMessenger.
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: OProphet!Tellyourwivesandyourdaughtersandthewomenofthebelieverstodrawtheir
cloaks(veils)allovertheirbodies(i.e.screenthemselvescompletelyexcepttheeyesoroneeyetoseetheway).Thatwillbebetter,
thattheyshouldbeknown(asfreerespectablewomen)soasnottobeannoyed. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Andtell
thebelievingwomentolowertheirgaze(fromlookingatforbiddenthings),andprotecttheirprivateparts(fromillegalsexualacts)
andnottoshowofftheiradornmentexceptonlythatwhichisapparent(likebotheyesfornecessitytoseetheway,orouterpalmsof
handsoroneeyeordresslikeveil,gloves,headcover,apron,etc.),andtodrawtheirveilsalloverJuybihinna(i.e.theirbodies,
faces,necksandbosoms)andnottorevealtheiradornmentexcepttotheirhusbands,ortheirfathers,ortheirhusbandsfathers,or
theirsons,ortheirhusbandssons,ortheirbrothersortheirbrotherssons,ortheirsisterssons,ortheir(Muslim)women(i.e.their
sistersinIslm),orthe(female)slaveswhomtheirrighthandspossess,oroldmaleservantswholackvigour,orsmallchildrenwho
havenosenseoffemininesex.Andletthemnotstamptheirfeetsoastorevealwhattheyhideoftheiradornment.Andallofyoubeg
Allhtoforgiveyouall,Obelievers,thatyoumaybesuccessful.
TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)alsosays: NomansitsalonewithawomanexceptthatSatanisthethirdparty. Allah's

SacredShariàh(Law)prohibitsallthingsthatleadtovice.Similarly,AllahprohibitedQadhf(falsely
accusingachastepersonofinvolvementinprohibitedsexualrelations)anddecreedseverepunishmentfor
thosewhospreaditinordertoprotecttheMuslimcommunityfromthisevil.
Allowingwomentodrivecontributestothedownfallofasociety.Thisiswellknownhowever,ignoranceof
legalrulingsandthedisastrousconsequencesofviceresultsinharmfullenience,asdoesthenegligenceof
theadvocatesoflicentiousnesswhoenjoylookingatAjnabiyyat(womanlawfulforthemantomarry).This
leadstoscandalsandindifferencetoimpendingevils.He(ExaltedbeHe)says: Say(OMuhammad
):"(But)thethingsthatmyLordhasindeedforbiddenareAlFawhish(greatevilsinsandeverykindofunlawfulsexual
intercourse)whethercommittedopenlyorsecretly,sins(ofallkinds),unrighteousoppression,joiningpartners(inworship)withAllh
forwhichHehasgivennoauthority,andsayingthingsaboutAllhofwhichyouhavenoknowledge." Allah(ExaltedbeHe)also
says: andfollownotthefootstepsofShaitan(Satan).Verily,heistoyouanopenenemy. He[Shaitn(Satan)]commandsyou
onlywhatisevilandFahsh(sinful),andthatyoushouldsayagainstAllhwhatyouknownot.
TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)stated: Ihavenotleftanyafflictionmoreharmfultomenthanwomen. Itisalso

reportedthatHudhayfahIbnAlYaman(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)said: ThepeopleusedtoaskAllah'sMessenger
aboutgood,butIusedto
askhimaboutevilforfearthatitmightovertakeme.OnceIsaid,"OAllah'sMessenger!WewereinignoranceandinevilandAllah
hasbestoweduponusthepresentgoodwilltherebyanyevilafterthisgood?"Hesaid,"Yes."Iasked,"Willtherebegoodafterthat
evil?"Hesaid,"Yes,butitwouldbetaintedwithDakhan(i.e.Littleevil)."Iasked,"WhatwillitsDakhanbe?"Hesaid,"Therewillbe
somepeoplewhowilllead(people)accordingtoprinciplesotherthanmytradition.Youwillseetheiractionsanddisapproveofthem."
Isaid,"Willtherebyanyevilafterthatgood?"Hesaid,"Yes,therewillbesomepeoplewhowillinviteotherstothegatesofHell,and
whoeveracceptstheirinvitationtoitwillbethrowninit(bythem)."Isaid,"OAllah'sMessenger!Describethosepeopletous."He
said,"Theywillbelongtousandspeakourlanguage"Iasked,"Whatdoyouordermetodoifsuchathingshouldtakeplaceinmy
life?"Hesaid,"AdheretothegroupofMuslimsandtheirChief."Iasked,"Ifthereisneitheragroup(ofMuslims)norachief(what
shallIdo)?"Hesaid,"Keepawayfromallthosedifferentsects,evenifyouhadtobite(i.e.eat)therootofatree,tillyoumeetAllah
whileyouarestillinthatstate." (AgreeduponbyAlBukhariandMuslim).
IcalluponeveryMuslimtofearAllahandbeuprightintheirwordsanddeeds.MuslimsmustalsobewareoftheseFitan(temptations)
andtheiradvocates.IalsourgeeveryonetorefrainfromwhatbringsthewrathofAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)orleadstoit.I
askallMuslimstobegreatlyawareoftheadvocatesoftheseFitanagainstwhomtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)warnsinhis
Hadith.MayAllahprotectusallfromtheevilsoftheseFitan,andtheiradvocatesandsupporters.MayHe(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
preserveIslamforthisUmmah(nationbasedononecreed)andprotectitfromtheevilmongers.IalsosupplicateAllahtoguideour
journalistsandallMuslimstowhatpleasesHim(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)andleadstoourwelfareinthislifeandsalvationinthe
Hereafter.HeistheWaliy(Protector,Supporter,andHelper)andthemostAbletodothis.
MayAllah'sPeaceandBlessingsbeuponourProphetMuhammad,hisfamily,andCompanions! www.ircpk.com

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Theimportanceofveil
FromÀbdulÀzizibnÀbdullahibnBaztothehonorablebrother,mayAllahgrantyousuccess!
Assalamuàlaykumwarahmatullahwabarakatuh(MayAllah'sPeace,Mercy,andBlessingsbeuponyou.)
Ihavereceivedyourletterwhichreads:
IwouldlikeYourEminencetoanswermeconcerningtheimportanceofawomancoveringher
face.IsitWajib(obligatory)?Ifso,whatistheevidence?Itispropagatedthatwomenusedto
covertheirfacesintheArabianPeninsuladuringtheTurkishera,andthiswasstrictly
practicedeversince,totheextentthatpeopleconsideredittobeobligatoryonwomen.I
havereadalsothatwomen,atthetimeoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)andtheRightly
GuidedCaliphs,usedtoparticipateinmanykindsofworkandfightinwaralongwithmen.Is
thistrueoramImistaken?Iamlookingforwardtoyouranswertoknowthetruth.
A : AtthebeginningofIslam,Hijab(veil)wasnotprescribedforwomenandwomenwould
displaytheirfacesandhandsinfrontofmen.ThenAllah(GlorifiedbeHe)prescribeditand
madeitobligatoryonwomentokeepandprotectthemfromthegazeofanonMahramman
(notaspouseoranunmarriageablerelative)andthus,blockedthewaytoFitnah
(temptation).ThiswasaftertherevelationoftheAyah(Qur'anicverse)ofHijab
inSurah(Qur'anicchapter)AlAhzab: Andwhenyouask(hiswives)foranythingyouwant,askthemfrombehinda
screen:thatispurerforyourheartsandfortheirhearts. ThisAyah,despitebeingmentionedinrespectofthe
wivesoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim),addressesthemandallwomen,basedonthe
generalityoftheÌllah(effectivecause).
InthesameSurah,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Andstayinyourhouses,anddonotdisplay
yourselveslikethatofthetimesofignorance,andperformAsSalt(IqamtasSalt),andgiveZaktandobeyAllhandHis
Messenger. ThisAyahaddressesthem(wivesoftheProphet)andallwomenaccordingtoIjma`
(consensusofscholars).Similarly,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)saysinSurahAlAhzab: OProphet!Tellyour
wivesandyourdaughtersandthewomenofthebelieverstodrawtheircloaks(veils)allovertheirbodies(i.e.screenthemselves
completelyexcepttheeyesoroneeyetoseetheway).Thatwillbebetter,thattheyshouldbeknown(asfreerespectablewomen)so
asnottobeannoyed.AndAllhisEverOftForgiving,MostMerciful. Inthisrespect,Allah(GlorifiedandExalted
beHe)revealstwootherAyahsinSurahAlNur: Tellthebelievingmentolowertheirgaze(fromlookingat
forbiddenthings),andprotecttheirprivateparts(fromillegalsexualacts).Thatispurerforthem.Verily,AllhisAllAwareofwhat
theydo. Andtellthebelievingwomentolowertheirgaze(fromlookingatforbiddenthings),andprotecttheirprivateparts(from
illegalsexualacts)andnottoshowofftheiradornmentexceptonlythatwhichisapparent(likebotheyesfornecessitytoseetheway,
orouterpalmsofhandsoroneeyeordresslikeveil,gloves,headcover,apron,etc.),andtodrawtheirveilsalloverJuybihinna(i.e.
theirbodies,faces,necksandbosoms)andnottorevealtheiradornmentexcepttotheirhusbands,ortheirfathers,ortheirhusbands
fathers Adornmentherereferstobeautyandcharms,whichareclearintheface.HisSaying
"exceptonlythatwhichisapparent,"referstodresses,accordingtothemoresoundofthe
twoopinionsofMuslimscholarsandasheldbytherespectableSahaby(Companionofthe
Prophet)ÀbdullahibnMasùd(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)concerningAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)
Saying: Andasforwomenpastchildbearingwhodonotexpectwedlock,itisnosinonthemiftheydiscardtheir(outer)clothing
insuchawayasnottoshowtheiradornment.Buttorefrain(i.e.nottodiscardtheirouterclothing)isbetterforthem.AndAllhis
AllHearer,AllKnower.
ThisAyahisevidencethatwomenshouldcovertheirfacesandbodiesinthepresenceofnon
Mahrams,asAllah(GlorifiedbeHe)statesthatthereisnosinonwomenofpostmenstrual
age,whohavenodesireformarriage,iftheydiscardtheir(outer)clothing.Thisissoprovided
thattheydonotshowtheiradornment,whichindicatesthatyoungwomenshouldwearHijab
andthereisasinonthemiftheydiscardit.
Thus,oldwomenwhoshowtheiradornmentsshouldwearHijab,fortheymaycauseFitnah.
Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)statesattheendoftheAyahthatitisbetterforoldwomennotto
discardtheirouterclothing,forinthiswayFitnahisunlikely.Itisauthenticallyreportedon
theauthorityofÀishahandhersister A s m a ' (mayAllahbepleasedwiththem)thatwomen
shouldcovertheirfacesinthepresenceofnonMahrams,eveninthestateofIhram(ritual
stateforHajjandÙmrah).ItisauthenticallyreportedintheTwoSahih(authentic)Booksof
Hadith(i.e.AlBukhariandMuslim)thatÀishah(mayAllahbepleasedwithher)narratedwhat
standsasevidencethatwomenusedtouncovertheirfacesatthebeginningofIslamandthen
thiswasabrogatedbytheAyahofHijab.
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Accordingly,women'sHijabgoesbacktothetimeoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)andis
ordainedbyAllah(ExaltedbeHe),notbytheTurks.Itistruethatwomentookpartalong
withmeninmanykindsofworkatthetimeoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)liketreating
thewoundedandprovidingthemwithwaterduringJihad(fighting/strivingintheCauseof
Allah)buttheywerewearingHijab,dressmodestlyandkeepawayfromthecausesof
suspicion.Itisnarrated thatUmSulaym(mayAllahbepleasedwithher)said:WeusedtogotobattleswiththeProphet
(peacebeuponhim)toprovidewatertothewounded,carrywaterandtreatthesick. Thisiswhattheyusedtodo,
unlikethewomenoftoday,inmanysocalledIslamiccountries,whointermixwithmenin
variousfieldsofworkwhilebeingMutabarrijah(awomanwhodressesimmodestlyinviolation
oftheIslamicdresscode)amatterthatledtothespreadofvice,thedisintegrationofthe
familyandthecorruptionofsociety.
ThereisneithermightnorpowerexceptwithAllah.MayAllahguideustoHisStraightPath!
WeaskAllahtograntusandallMuslimsbeneficialknowledgeandhelpustoactuponit.Heis
theBestOnesoughtforhelp.
Assalamuàlaykumwarahmatullahwabarakatuh
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Warningagainstbribery
F r o mÀbdulÀzizibnÀbdullahibnBaztoanyMuslimwhomayseeorhearthis.MayAllahguidemeandyouto
HisRightPath,andprotectmeandyoufromthepunishmentofHellfire!Assalamuàlaykumwarahmatullah
wabarakatuh(MayAllah'sPeace,Mercy,andBlessingsbeuponyou!)
Islamstrictlyprohibitsbribery,i.e.,payingmoneytohaveonesinterestsfulfilledbyanofficialwhose
responsibilityitistodosowithoutpayment.Itisevenmorereprehensibleiftheaimbehindpayingthis
moneyistorenderunlawfulwhatislawful,orviceversa,ortowronganyperson.
IbnÀbdin(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)wroteinhisbookHashiyat:"Briberyiswhatapersongivestoa
ruleroranyotherpersontojudgeintheirfavor,ortocompelhimtodowhattheywant."Itisclearfrom
thisdefinitionthatbriberyisbroaderthanbeingmoneyoraninterestthatonecouldofferorafford.Whatis
meantbytherulerisajudgeoranyotherofficial,i.e.,allthosewhocanserveaninteresttothebriber
whethertheyarerulers,governmentalemployeesorthoseachievingspecialtaskssuchascommission
agents,companies,realestateowners,etc.Judginginfavorofthebriberandinducingthebribedpersonto
dowhatthebriberwantsistofulfillthedesireandpurposeofthebriber,whetherrightorwrong.
OdearbrothersinIslam,briberyisoneofthemajorsinsthatAllahprohibitsforHisServants,thusHis
Messenger(peacebeuponhim)cursedthosewhopracticeit.ItisobligatoryforMuslimstorefrainfrom
bribery,bewareofit,andwarnpeopleagainstit,becauseitinvolvesgreatevil,gravesin,andbad
consequences.ItisanactofsinandtransgressionthatAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)forbidsusto
cooperatein.Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)states: HelpyouoneanotherinAlBirrandAtTaqw(virtue,righteousnessandpiety)
butdonothelponeanotherinsinandtransgression.
Forbiddingtheunjustdevouringofpeople'sproperty,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)states: Oyouwho
believe!Eatnotupyourpropertyamongyourselvesunjustlyexceptitbeatradeamongstyou,bymutualconsent. He(Glorifiedbe
He)alsosays: Andeatupnotoneanotherspropertyunjustly(inanyillegalwaye.g.stealing,robbing,deceiving,etc.),norgive
briberytotherulers(judgesbeforepresentingyourcases)thatyoumayknowinglyeatupapartofthepropertyofotherssinfully.
Briberyistheseverestformofunjustdevouringofwealth,becauseitmeanspayingmoneytoothersto
makethemevadewhatisright.
Theprohibitionappliestothethreepillarsofbribery,i.e.,thebriber,bribedperson,andthemediator
betweenthem. ItwasreportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said,"Allahhascursedthebriber,thebribedperson,and
themediatorbetweenthem. (RelatedbyAhmadandAlTabaranyontheauthorityofThawban(mayAllahbepleased
withhim))
BeingcursedbyAllahmeansbeingcastoutandexpelledfromHisMercy.WeseekrefugeinAllahfromthis.
Oneincursthisbycommittingagravesin.BriberyisalsoakindofSuht(illgottenearnings)forbiddenby
boththeQur'anandSunnah(whateverisreportedfromtheProphet).DenouncingtheJewsforillegally
devouringSuht,Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)states: (Theyliketo)listentofalsehood,todevouranythingforbidden. He
(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays:
Andyouseemanyofthem(Jews)hurryingtowardssinandtransgression,andeatingillegalthings[asbribesandRib(usury)].Evil
indeedisthatwhichtheyhavebeendoing. Whydonottherabbisandthereligiouslearnedmenforbidthemfromutteringsinful
wordsandfromeatingillegalthings.Evilindeedisthatwhichtheyhavebeenperforming.
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: ForthewrongdoingoftheJews,Wemadeunlawfulforthemcertaingoodfoodswhichhadbeen
lawfulforthemandfortheirhinderingmanyfromAllhsWay AndtheirtakingofRib(usury)thoughtheywereforbiddenfrom
takingitandtheirdevouringofmenssubstancewrongfully(bribery).
TherearemanyHadiththatwarnagainstthisforbiddenmatterandindicatetheevilconsequencesofthose
whocommitit.
ItwasreportedbyIbnJarirontheauthorityofIbnÙmar(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemboth)thatthe
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)said: ForeveryfleshthatisgrownfromSuht,theFireisthemostentitledtoit.Itwassaid:
WhatisSuht?He(theProphet)said:Briberyinruling.
ItwasreportedbyImamAhmadthatÀmribnAlÀ s (mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)said:Iheardthe
MessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)saying: IfRiba(usury/interest)emergesamonganypeople,theywillsuffera
badharvest,andifbriberyemergesamonganypeople,theywillsufferintenseterror. ItwasrelatedbyAlTabaranythatIbn
Masùd(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)said,"SuhtisbriberyaccordingtoDin(religionofIslam)."Abu www.ircpk.com
MuhammadMuwaffaqAlDinIbnQudamah(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)saidinAlMughny:AlHasanandSaìdibn
JubayrsaidregardingtheTafsir(exegesisofthemeaningsoftheQur'an)ofAllah'sStatement: todevour
thatthisreferstobribery.Healsostated:Whenajudgeacceptsbribery,itistantamountto
anythingforbidden.
Kufr(disbelief).ThisisbecauseheiswillingtojudgebyotherthanwhatAllahhasrevealed: Andwhosoever
doesnotjudgebywhatAllhhasrevealed,sucharetheKfirn(i.e.disbelieversofalesserdegreeastheydonotactonAllhs
Laws).
ItwasrelatedbyMuslimontheauthorityofAbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thatAllah's
Messenger(peacebeuponhim)said: Allahisgoodandacceptsonlywhatisgood.Indeed,Allahcommandsthebelievers
withwhatHecommandstheMessengersandHe(mayHebeExalted)
s a y s : O(you)Messengers!EatoftheTayyibt[allkindsofHallfoodswhichAllhhasmadelawful(meatofslaughteredeatable
animals,milkproducts,fats,vegetables,fruits,etc.]anddorighteousdeeds. and: Oyouwhobelieve(intheOnenessofAllh
IslmicMonotheism)!EatofthelawfulthingsthatWehaveprovidedyouwith Thenhe(peacebeuponhim)mentionedamanwho
hastravelledonalongjourneyandisdishevelledandcoveredwithdusthestretchesforthhishandstotheheaven,(saying)"OLord,
OLord",buthisfoodisHaram(prohibited),hisdrinkisHaram,hisclothisHaram,andallhisnourishmentisHaram,sohowcanhis
Duà'(supplication)beaccepted?
OMuslims,fearAllahandbewareofHisWrathandavoidwhatcausesHisAnger.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)becomesjealous
whenwhatHehasmadeinviolableisviolated.ItwasreportedinaSahih(authentic)Hadith: Thereisnonewhohasmorejealousy
thanAllah. GuardyourselvesandyourfamiliesagainstunlawfulearningsandfoodtosaveyourselvesandyourfamiliesfromtheFire,
whichAllahhasmademostentitledtoeveryfleshthatisnourishedbySuht.UnlawfulfoodalsopreventsDuà'frombeingaccepted,
basedonthepreviouslymentionedHadithreportedontheauthorityofAbuHurayrahasrecordedinSahihBookofHadithofMuslim
andbasedonwhatwasrelatedbyAlTabaranyontheauthorityofIbnÀbbas(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemboth)whosaid: I
recitedinthepresenceofAllah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim)thefollowingAyah(Qur'anicverse): Omankind!Eatofthatwhich
islawfulandgoodontheearth Thereupon,Sa`dibnAbuWaqqasstooduptosay,"OMessengerofAllah!MakeDuà'toAllahso
thatmyDuà'willalwaysbeanswered."SotheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said,"OSa`d!Getyourfoodfromlawfulmeansand
yourDuà'willalwaysbeanswered.BytheOneinWhoseHandisthelifeofMuhammad,aservantwouldputanunlawfulmorselin
hisstomach,andhisactionswillnotbeacceptedforfortydays.WheneverapersondevelopsapotbellyfromSuht,theFireismore
befittingforit."
Thiswasrecordedby A lHafizhIbnRajab(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)inthebookofJamiÀlÙlumwalHikamfromthe
narrationof A lTabarany(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim).Thisindicatesthatseekingunlawfulearningspreventsone'sDuà'from
beingacceptedandblocksitfrombeingraisedtoAllah.Whatagreatmisfortuneandlossthisis.WeseekrefugeinAllahfromthis.
AllahcallsyoutoprotectyourselvesandyourfamiliesagainsttheFiresoastobesafefromtheWrathofAllahandHisSevere
Punishment,
whenHe(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Oyouwhobelieve!WardoffyourselvesandyourfamiliesagainstaFire(Hell)whose
fuelismenandstones,overwhichare(appointed)angelsstern(and)severe,whodisobeynot,(fromexecuting)theCommandsthey
receivefromAllh,butdothatwhichtheyarecommanded. OMuslims,respondtothecallofyourLord,obeyHisCommand,avoid
whatHeprohibited,andbewareofwhatcausesHisWrathsoastogainprosperityinboththislifeandtheHereafter.Allah(Exaltedbe
He)says: Oyouwhobelieve!AnswerAllh(byobeyingHim)and(His)Messengerwhenhe()callsyoutothat
whichwillgiveyoulife,andknowthatAllhcomesinbetweenapersonandhisheart(i.e.Hepreventsanevilpersontodecide
anything).AndverilytoHimyoushall(all)begathered. AndfeartheFitnah(afflictionandtrial)whichaffectsnotinparticular(only)
thoseofyouwhodowrong(butitmayafflictallthegoodandthebadpeople),andknowthatAllhisSevereinpunishment.
WesupplicatetoAllahtomakeusandyouofthosewholistentoHisWordandfollowthebestofit,thosewhohelpeachotherto
righteousnessandpiety,andthosewhoabidebytheGloriousBookofAllahandtheSunnahofHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim).
MayAllahprotectusandyoufromtheevilswithinourselvesandourmisdeeds,givevictorytoHisDin,makeHisWorduppermost,and
guideourrulerstoallthatbenefitspeopleandcountries.ItisonlyHeWhoisCapableofdoingso.
Assalamuàlaykumwarahmatullahwabarakatuh
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RulingonLettingtheBeardGrow
PraisebetoAllahAlone.MayAllah'sPeaceandBlessingsbeuponourProphetMuhammad,his
family,andCompanions!
SomeMuslimbrothersaskedmethefollowingquestions:
1Islettingthebeardgrowobligatoryormerelypermissible?
2Isitasinorjustmisconducttoshaveone'sbeard?
3Isitpermissibletoshaveoffthebeardandletmustachegrow?
Followingaretheanswersofthesequestions:ItisauthenticallyreportedbyAlBukhariandMusliminthe
TwoSahih(authentic)BooksofHadithontheauthorityofIbnÙmar(mayAllahbepleasedwithbothofthem)
thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Trimthemustacheandletthebeardgrowandbecontradictorytothe
unbelievers. Moreover,itisrelatedbyMusliminhisSahihontheauthorityofAbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleased
withhim)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Trimcloselythemoustache,andgrowthebeard,andthusact
againstthefireworshippers.
Furthermore,itwasrelatedbyAlNasa'iyinhisSunanthroughanauthenticchainofnarratorsontheauthority
ofZaydibnArqam(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Whoeverdoesnot
trimhismoustacheisnotoneofus. ThegreatandwellknownHadithscholarAbuMuhammadibnHazmsaid:
"Scholarsareunanimouslyinagreementthattrimmingthemoustacheandlettingthebeardgroware
obligatory."
TherearemanyotherHadithsandscholarlydiscussionsinthisregardi.e.,trimmingmustacheandletting
thebeardgrowlong.Theyaretoolengthytobequotedinthisbriefnote.Theanswersofthethree
questionsareevidentfromtheHadithsmentionedaboveandthejuristicagreementcitedbyIbnHazm.
Inbrief,growingbeardsisobligatoryandshouldnotbeabandonedastheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
orderedustodosowhichindicatesobligation.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Andwhatsoeverthe
Messenger(Muhammad)givesyou,takeitandwhatsoeverheforbidsyou,abstain(fromit).
Thesameisequallyappliedtocuttingandtrimmingmustaches.However,trimmingitcloselyisbetter.
Anyway,itisbynomeanspermissibletoletitgrowtoomuch.Actually,thisrunscountertotheProphet's
(peacebeuponhim)commands: Trimcloselythemustache Trimcloselythemoustache,andletthebeardgrow. Trim
closelythemoustache,andgrowthebeard,andthusactagainstthefireworshippers. Whoeverdoesnottrimhismoustacheisnot
TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)isauthenticallyreportedtohavesaidallthesefournarrationsof
oneofus.
Hadith.Thelastnarrationsaid: Whoeverdoesnottrimhismoustacheisnotoneofus. Thisisaseverethreatand
strictwarning,whichrequiresaMuslimtobeonhisguardagainstdoingthatwhichAllah(ExaltedbeHe)
andHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)prohibitedandtoproceedtodothatwhichAllah(ExaltedbeHe)
andHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)commanded.Itisalsoinferredthatlettingthemustachegrowtoo
longisasinanddisobedience.Likewise,shavingandcuttingthebeardshortisasinanddisobedience
havingtheeffectofdecreasingandweakeningone'sfaith.Moreover,itislikelytoincurAllah'swrathand
punishment.
Moreover,theabovequotedHadithsindicatethatlettingmustachesgrowandtrimmingbeardsfallunder
actinglikethemagianddisbelieverswhenitiswellknownthatactinglikethemisnotpermissible.Tothis
effect,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: "Anyonewhoimitatesapeopleisoneofthem." Ihopethatmy
answerissufficientandconvincing.
MayAllahgrantussuccess!MayPeaceandBlessingsbeuponourProphetMuhammad,hisfamily,and
Companions!
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Theobligationoflettingthebeardgrow
Q:AninquirerfromtheKingdomofMoroccoasks:Islettingthebeardgrowanecessary
characteristicthatshouldbeobservedbyaMuslim?
A : ItisobligatoryuponaMuslimtoletthebeardgrowwithoutshavingit,asawayofobeying
thecommandmentofthemasteroftheearlierandthelaterpeople,ProphetMuhammadibn
Àbdullah,theMessengeroftheLordoftheWorlds.MayAllah'sPeaceandBlessingsbeupon
him!
ThisisbecauseHe(peacebeuponhim)said: Trimcloselythemustacheandletthebeardgrow!Bedistinguished
fromtheunbelievers! (AgreeduponbyImamsAlBukhariandMuslim).ThisHadithwasnarratedon
theauthorityofIbnÙmar(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemboth).Moreover,he(peacebeupon
him)said: Trimcloselythemustacheandgrowthebeard!ActagainstTheMagi! NarratedbyMusliminhisSahih
fromtheHadithofAbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)
ItiswellknownthatonecanonlyattainallgoodinthislifeandintheHereafterthrough
obeyingandfollowingtheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)andthatallevilliesin
disobeyingAllahandHisMessengerandfollowingdesiresandShaytan(Satan).Allah(Exalted
beHe)says: Say(OMuhammadtomankind):"Ifyou(really)loveAllhthenfollowme(i.e.acceptIslmic
Monotheism,followtheQurnandtheSunnah),Allhwillloveyouandforgiveyouyoursins. and: Thenforhimwhotransgressed
allbounds,(indisbelief,oppressionandevildeedsofdisobediencetoAllh). Andpreferredthelifeofthisworld(byfollowinghis
evildesiresandlusts), Verily,hisabodewillbeHellfire ButasforhimwhofearedstandingbeforehisLord,andrestrained
Allah(mayHebePraised)
himselffromimpureevildesiresandlusts. Verily,Paradisewillbehisabode.
condemnedthepolytheistsforfollowingtheirassumptionsanddesires.Thus,Allah(Glorified
andExaltedbeHe)saysinSuratAlNajm: Theyfollowbutaguessandthatwhichtheythemselvesdesire,whereas
therehassurelycometothemtheGuidancefromtheirLord!
TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: MyentireUmmahwillenterParadiseexceptwhorefuses,thenitwassaid:O'
MessengerofAllah,whowillrefuse?Hesaid,"WhoeverobeysmewillenterParadise,andwhoeverdisobeysmeistheonewho
refuses." (NarratedbyAlBukhariinhisbookofSahihHadiths)
TherearemanyAyahsandHadithsonthecommandofobeyingAllahandHisMessengerand
forbiddingdisobeyingAllahandHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim).
MayAllahguideallMuslimstoobeytheirLord,worshipHimAlone,andbedevotedtoHimand
followHisMessengerMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)andholdfasttowhattheProphet
brought,HeisAllHearer,EverNear.
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Animportantanswerontherulingonshavingbeards
andwhetherothersinsinvalidategooddeeds
F r o mÀbdulAzizibnÀbdullahibnBaztoyouhonorablebrother,theeditorinchiefofArabNewsnewspaper,
mayAllahgrantyousuccess!
Ihavereadthetranslationofwhatwasmentionedinyournewspaper(p.7,issueofFriday,
24/2/1984)inthereligiousaffairssection,asananswertothefollowingquestionsenttoyou
byabrotherfromJeddah.
Thequestionwasasfollows:Whatistherulingonshavingthebeardandmustache?
Isthereaspecificpunishmentafterdeathforthosewhoshavetheirbeards?
DoesshavingthebeardinvalidategooddeedsandtherewardofÌbadah(worship)?
Isawthattheanswerissuedbythenewspaperwasinsufficient.Thecorrectansweristosay
thatgrowingthebeardandtrimmingthemustacheisobligatedbytheProphet(peacebe
uponhim).Itwasauthenticallyreportedthathe(peacebeuponhim)said: Trimcloselythemustache
andletthebeardgrow!BedistinguishedfromtheMushriksi.epolytheists. (AgreeduponbyImamsAlBukhariand
Muslim).ItwasalsorelatedbyMusliminhisSahih(authentic)BookofHadith,ontheauthorityof
AbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)
said: Trimcloselythemustacheandletthebeardgrow!Bedistinguishedfromthemagi.
ThesetwoSahihHadithsandothersthathavethesamemeaningindicatetheobligationof
lettingthebeardgrowwithoutevercuttingitandtrimmingthemustache.Nopunishmentwas
mentionedforthiscase.
However,aMuslimshouldobeytheordersofAllah(GlorifiedbeHe)andHisMessenger(peace
beuponhim),andavoidwhattheyprohibitevenifnoparticularpunishmentisspecified.
Itispermissiblefortherulertopunishthosewhoviolatethecommandsandprohibitions
throughthesuitabledeterringpunishmentthathemightsee,providedthatitislessthanthe
punishmentofHudud(ordainedpunishmentforviolatingAllahsLaw)inordertodeterpeople
fromcommittingthethingsprohibitedbyAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andtransgressingHislimits.
ItwasauthenticallyreportedthattheRightlyGuidedCaliphÙthmanibnÀffan(mayAllahbe
pleasedwithhim)said,"Allahfulfillsthroughtherulerswhatmightnotbefulfilledthrough
theQur'an."ThosewhodieinthisstatearelefttoAllah'sWill,liketherestofthesins.He
mightforgivethemifHewantsandHemightpunishthemwithwhatservesthemrightfor
theirsins,ifhewants.Thosesinsincludeshavingthebeardandlettingthemustachegrow.
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: Verily,AllhforgivesnotthatpartnersshouldbesetupwithHim(inworship),butHeforgives
exceptthat(anythingelse)towhomHewills ThisnobleAyah(Qur'anicverse)indicatesthatallsinsless
thanShirk(associatingotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship)arelefttoAllah'sWill,
whichistheopinionofAhlu lSunnahwalJamaàh(thoseadheringtotheSunnahandthe
Muslimmainbody),unlikethatofKhawarij(separatistgroupthatbelievescommittingamajorsinamountstodisbelief),
Mu`tazilah(adeviantIslamicsectclaimingthatthosewhocommitmajorsinsareinastatebetweenbeliefanddisbelief)and
othersimilarpeopleofBida`(innovationsinreligion)whofollowedthem.Thus,itisdeduced
thatshavingthebeard,lettingthemustachegrowandothersinslessthanShirkdonot
invalidaterighteousdeedsortheirrewards.However,theydecreaseandweakenone'sIman
(Faith).DeedsareonlyinvalidatedthroughShirkandmajorKufr(disbelief),notsins.Thisis
accordingtoAllah'sSaying(ExaltedbeHe): ButiftheyhadjoinedinworshipotherswithAllh,allthattheyusedto
dowouldhavebeenofnobenefittothem. He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Andindeedithasbeen
revealedtoyou(OMuhammad),asitwastothose(AllhsMessengers)beforeyou:"Ifyoujoinothersinworship
withAllh,(then)surely(all)yourdeedswillbeinvain,andyouwillcertainlybeamongthelosers." TherearemanyAyahs
thatstressthesamemeaning.
MayAllahguideeveryoneandgrantthemsuccess!MayAllah'sPeaceandBlessingsbeupon
ourProphetMuhammad,hisfamilyandCompanions!
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Therulingonasoldiershavinghisbeard
FromÀbdulÀzizbinÀbdullahibnBaztothehonorablebrother,mayAllahguidehim,Amen!
Ihavereceivedyourletter(mayAllahguideyou)dated4/8/1395A.H.,andfollowingarethequestionsand
myanswers:
First:Whatistherulingonasoldiershavinghisbeardwhencommanded?Whatistheruling
onsomeonewhocallsthepersonwhoshaveshisbeardeffeminate?
A : Itisnotpermissibletoshavethebeardortrimit,fortheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
said: Trimcloselythemoustache,andletthebeardgrowtobecontradictorytotheunbelievers. He(peacebeuponhim)
alsosaid: Trimcloselythemoustache,andgrowthebeard,andthusactagainstthefireworshippers. Moreover,itisthe
dutyofaMuslimtoobeytheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)ineverymatter.Allah
(GlorifiedbeHe)says: Oyouwhobelieve!ObeyAllhandobeytheMessenger(Muhammad),andthose
ofyou(Muslims)whoareinauthority.
ThoseinauthorityrefertorulersandMuslimscholarswhomustbeobeyedunlesstheir
commandcontradictsShariàh(Islamiclaw).Inthiscase,itisnotobligatorytoobeythem.
TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: "NooneistobeobeyedexceptinMa`ruf(thatwhichisjudgedasgood,
beneficial,orfittingbyIslamiclawandMuslimsofsoundintellect)." Furthermore,he(peacebeuponhim)said:
ThereisnosubmissioninmattersinvolvingAllah'sdisobedience
AllpraisebetoAllah,ourgovernmentdoesnotcommandasoldieroranyonetoshavetheir
beard,thismaybetheorderofsomeofficials.Theyarenottobeobeyedinthisregardand
theyshouldbeaddressedpolitelyuntiltheyunderstandthatobeyingAllah(ExaltedbeHe)
andHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)takesprecedenceoverobeyinganyoneelse.
AsforpreacherswhoclaimthataMuslimwhoshaveshisbeardiseffeminate,thisisthe
opinionofsomelatterscholars.Effeminatereferstosomeoneactinglikewomenanditdoes
notmeanheisahomosexual,assomepeoplemaythink.Preachersandotherpeopleshould
avoidusingthisambiguoustermandiftheyaretouseit,theyshouldclarifyitsmeaningto
peopletoavoidanymisunderstanding.Moreover,preachingaimsatguidingpeopleand
directingthemtogoodnessandnottorepellingandenragingthem.
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Q2:Whatistherulingonsmoking?Isitsimilartotheprohibitionofshavingthebeard?
A : Smokingisoneoftheprohibitedacts.ItisoftheevilthingsthatAllahhasprohibited,for
themuchharmitcauses.TheevidencesupportingitsprohibitionisthefollowingAyah
(Qur'anicverse)inwhichAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says: Theyaskyou(OMuhammad)whatis
lawfulforthem(asfood).Say:"LawfuluntoyouareAtTayyibt[allkindofHall(lawfulgood)foodswhichAllhhasmadelawful
(meatofslaughteredeatableanimals,milkproducts,fats,vegetablesandfruits)]. Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
furtherdescribesHisProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim),bysaying: heallowsthemaslawful
A tTayyibt(i.e.allgoodandlawfulasregardsthings,deeds,beliefs,persons,foods),andprohibitsthemasunlawfulAlKhabith
(i.e.allevilandunlawfulasregardsthings,deeds,beliefs,personsandfoods) Scholarsexplaintheword"At
Tayyibat"tomeantheusefulandsafefoodsanddrinks.Itisknownthatsmokinglacksthis
quality,foritisoneoftheabominableandprohibitedharmfulthings.Smokingisevenworse
thanshavingthebeardinsomeaspectsandlighterinsomeothers.Thisisbecauseshaving
thebeardisasinthatisseenpubliclyandtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)hasordered
Muslimstoletthebeardgrowandbecomethickandtotrimandclipthemoustache.
Asforsmoking,itmaybehiddenfrompeople,soitisnotthesameasshavingthebeard.Yet,
itismoreharmfultobodyandmind,andameansofwastingmoney.Furthermore,itsharm
notonlyaffectsthepersonwhosmokes,butalsothosewhoareexposedtoitstoxicodor.
Generally,smokingandshavingthebeardarebothabominablesinsthataffectthesocietyas
awholeandcauseevilconsequences.TheyopenlyopposetheShariàh(Islamiclaw),notto
mentiontheirnegativeeffectsontheeconomy.Itshouldbenotedthatasmokersetsabad
exampleforhisfamilyandfriendswhomayimitatesuchasin.
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Rulingonlettingthebeardgrow
Q:PraisebetoAllah,Ihaveletmybeardgrow.Now,whenImeetanyofmyfamilyor
relatives,theydisapproveofmyactoffensivelyandaskmetotrimitalthoughIinsiston
lettingitgrowandbecomethick.IsitpermissibletotrimitorshouldIletitgrow,payingno
attentiontoothers'opinions?
A : I tisobligatoryforyoutocontinuelettingyourbeardgrowandbecomethickasanactofobeyingthe
commandsofAllah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim).Youshouldpaynoattentiontowhatotherssay.
Rather,youshouldnotaccepttheiropinionsandremindthemofAllah,explainingthattheirsayingsarenot
Islamicallypermissible.Youshouldinformthemabouttheseriousnessoftheirsinastheyarecallingyouto
disobeyAllah,justasSatandoes.WeaskAllahtosaveusfromthat.Moreover,theMessenger(peacebe
uponhim)says: Trimcloselythemustacheandletthebeardgrowtobecontradictorytothedisbelievers. He(peacebe
uponhim)alsosays: Trimcloselythemustache,growthebeard,andthusactagainsttheMagian andsays: Letthebeards
growlong. Hence,itisWajib(obligatory)toletthebeardgrowandbecomethickandnottoobeywhoever
callsforshavingortrimmingit.WeimploreAllahtograntussafety.Indeed,thisisinaccordancewiththe
Hadith,whichstatesthatbytheendoftimetherewillbemaliciouspeoplecallingfordisobeyingAllahand
committingwhatHehasprohibited.Hudhayfah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)reportedinaHadithagreed
uponbyAlBukhariandMuslimthatwhentheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)wasaskedabouttheevilthat
willbefallpeopleafterhisdeath,hesaidthatbytheendoftime: (Therewillbe)somepeoplecallingatthegatesof
theFire,andwhoeverwillrespondtotheircallwillbethrownbythemintotheFire.Isaid,"OAllahsMessenger!Willyoudescribe
themtous?"Hesaid,"Theywillbefromourownpeopleandwillspeakourlanguage."
MayAllahsaveusfromthosepeopleandtheirlikessuchasthosementionedbythequestioner.Weshould
bewareofthemandshouldnotrespondtotheircallthatcontradictsAllah'sPurifiedShar`(Law).Allahisthe
OnlyOnewhoseHelpissought.MaypeaceandblessingsbeuponourProphetMuhammad,hisfamily,and
Companions!
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Theobligationoflettingthebeardgrowandtheprohibitionofshavingortrimmingit
AllpraiseisduetoAllahAlone.MaypeaceandblessingsbeuponAllah'sServantand
MessengerourProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim),hisfamily,andCompanions.
Ireceivedaquestionregardingtherulingonshavingthebeardortrimmingit.Italsoasks
whetheraperson,whoshavesitdeliberatelythinkingthatthisislawful,isconsideredaKafir
(disbeliever).DoestheHadithreportedbyIbnÙmar(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemboth)
provetheobligationoflettingthebeardgrowandforbidshavingitorjustindicatethe
desirabilityoflettingitgrow?
A : ItwasauthenticallyreportedontheauthorityofIbnÙmar(mayAllahbepleasedwiththemboth)thatthe
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)said: TrimcloselythemustacheandletthebeardgrowtobecontradictorytoMushriks(those
whoassociateotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship). (AgreeduponbyAlBukhariandMuslim)Accordingtothe
narrationof A lBukhariinhisSahih(authentic)BookofHadith,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Trim
closelythemustacheandgrowthebeardtobecontradictorytoMushriks. ItwasalsorelatedinSahihMuslimonthe
authorityofAbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Trim
closelythemustacheandgrowthebeardtobecontradictorytotheMagian. ThewordingintheHadithmentionedabove
clearlyshowstheobligationofbothlettingthebeardgrowlongandtheprohibitionofcuttingorshavingit,
asthe'imperativemode'inanyoftheProphet'sHadithbasicallyimpliesobligationwhilethe'negativemode'
impliesprohibitionunlessthereisevidencetothecontrary.Thisistheapprovedandpreponderantviewof
scholarsonthisissue.Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)says: AndwhatsoevertheMessenger(Muhammad)
givesyou,takeitandwhatsoeverheforbidsyou,abstain(fromit).AndfearAllhverily,AllhisSevereinpunishment. He
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsosays: AndletthosewhoopposetheMessengers(Muhammad)
commandment(i.e.hisSunnahlegalways,orders,actsofworship,statements)(amongthesects)beware,lestsomeFitnah
(disbelief,trials,afflictions,earthquakes,killing,overpoweredbyatyrant)shouldbefallthemorapainfultormentbeinflictedonthem.

A l s o ,ImamAhmad(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)explainedthattheFitnahintheAyah(Qur'anicverse)
signifiesShirk(associatingotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship)i.e.ifapersonrejectssomeHadithof
theProphet(peacebeuponhim),hemighthavesomeaberrationdeepinsidehisheartandsohewillbeof
thelosers.Furthermore,thereisnoevidencefromtheQur'anortheSunnah(whateverisreportedfromthe
Prophet)thattheseHadithindicatethedesirabilityoflettingthebeardgrowlong.Ontheotherhand,Al
TirmidhyrelatedontheauthorityofAbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet(peacebe
uponhim) usedtoshavepartsofthewidthandthelengthofhisbeard. ThisisaBatil(false)Hadith,accordingto
scholars,becauseitsSanad(chainofnarrators)includesanarratorcalledÙmaribnHarunAlBalkhywhois
notoriousforlying.HeistheonlyonewhonarratedthisHadithinconflictwiththeHadithSahih(aHadith
thathasbeentransmittedbypeopleknownfortheiruprightnessandexactitudefreefromeccentricityand
blemish)inthisregard.Accordingly,itisclassifiedasanunreliableandBatilHadith.AndAllahistheOnly
OnewhoseHelpissought.
Undoubtedly,shavingthewholebeardisagreatersin,becauseitmakestheabominableactmoreapparent
andinvolvesimitatingwomen.However,trimmingthebeard,althoughequallyevilandcontradictorytothe
HadithSahih,islessinsinthanshavingthewholebeardinitsruling.Itshouldbenotedthatthepersonwho
shaveshisbeardortrimsitisdisobedienttoAllah,butnotaKafirevenifhebelievesthepermissibilityof
suchanactbasedonmistakenunderstandingorfollowingtheopinionsofsomescholars.
Thispersonshouldbeadvisedandwarnedagainstthisevil.Indeed,growingthebeardisacontroversial
subjectamongthescholarssomemaintainthatitisobligatorytogrowitlongandothersholdthatitis
permissibletotrimit.However,asfarasIknow,noscholaradoptsthepermissibilityofshavingthebeard.
Thisdoesnotnecessitatethatwhoeverignorantlyorbyfollowingcertainopinionsbelievesthatitis
permissibletoshaveitisaKafir,unliketheprohibitedmatterswhichareMa`lumminaddinbiddarurah
(wellestablished)owingtotheclearcutproofssupportingsuchprohibition.Believinginthepermissibilityof
suchprohibitedmattersismajorKufr(disbelief),ifthepersonwhoadoptsthisopinionlivesinaMuslim
country.ButifheislivinginanonMuslimcountry,thentherightproofsshouldbeexposedtohimifhe
insistsonthepermissibilityoftheseprohibitedreligiousmatters,thenheisaKafir.Theseprohibitedmatters
includecommittingZina(premaritalsexualintercourseand/oradultery),drinkingKhamr(intoxicant),eating
pork,andthelike,astheprohibitionofsuchmattersarereligiouslyestablished
andthesupportedproofsareknownfromtheQur'anandtheSunnah.Accordingly,theclaimofbeing
unawareoftheprohibitionofsuchmattersisofnoavail,ifthepersonwhocommitsanyoftheseprohibited
mattershastheamountofknowledgethatleaveshimnoexcuses.
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MayAllahguideusandyoutowardusefulknowledgeandrighteousdeeds,grantusallsoundunderstanding
ofIslam,andsupportandhelpustoabidebyit.IalsoaskHimtoprotectusfromdeviationofheartsand
delusionofFitnahs(trials),forHeisAllHearer,EverNear.
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Ananswertoaquestionabouttherulingongrowingthebeard
F r o mÀbdulÀzizibnÀbdullahibnBaztoourhonorablebrother,mayAllahguidehimtowhatpleasesHim!May
AllahincreasehisknowledgeandIman(faith)andmakehimblessedwhereverheis.Amen.
Ihopethatyou,yourchildren,andotherofficialsareallwell.MayAllahbestowuponyoufromHisBounty
andguideusandyoutoHisthankfulness.Indeed,HeistheBesttobesoughtforhelp.Iinformyouthat
yourrepresentativementionedtomeyourdesirethatIwritetoyouabouttheissueofthebeard.
Accordingly,itshouldbeknownthattheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)lethisbeardgrowandsodidhis
Sahabah(CompanionsoftheProphet).ItisreportedintheTwoSahih(authentic)BooksofHadith(i.e.Al
BukhariandMuslim)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Trimcloselythemustacheandletthebeardgrowto
becontradictorytothedisbelievers. ItisalsorelatedbyAlBukhariinhisSahihontheauthorityofIbnÙmar(may
Allahbepleasedwiththem)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Keepthebeardsandcutthemustaches
shortdotheoppositeofwhattheMushriks(thosewhoassociateotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship)do. Alsorelated
inSahihMuslimontheauthorityofAbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thattheProphet(peacebe
uponhim)said: Trimcloselythemustacheandgrowthebeard,andthusactagainsttheMagian. AlltheseSahihHadith
andothershavingthesamemeaningprovetheobligationthatmenshouldlettheirbeardsgrowlongand
theprohibitionofshavingortrimmingthem.
Youknow,mayAllahprotectyou,thatallMuslims,wherevertheyareandregardlessoftheirstatus,are
obligedtoobeythecommandofAllah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim),forAllah(GlorifiedbeHe)says:
HewhoobeystheMessenger(Muhammad),hasindeedobeyedAllh
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsosays: AndwhatsoevertheMessenger(Muhammad)givesyou,
takeitandwhatsoeverheforbidsyou,abstain(fromit).AndfearAllhverily,AllhisSevereinpunishment. Allah(Glorified
andExaltedbeHe)furtherstates: Say:"ObeyAllhandobeytheMessenger,butifyouturnaway,he(Messenger
Muhammad ) isonlyresponsibleforthedutyplacedonhim(i.e.toconveyAllhsMessage)andyouforthat
placedonyou.Ifyouobeyhim,youshallbeontherightguidance.TheMessengersdutyisonlytoconvey(themessage)inaclear
way(i.e.topreachinaplainway)." Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: AndperformAsSalt(IqmatasSalt),andgive
ZaktandobeytheMessenger(Muhammad)thatyoumayreceivemercy(fromAllh).
TherearemanyAyahs(Qur'anicverses)inthisregard.Thus,itisincumbentonyoutoletthebeardgrow
longandthickandtocallotherMuslimstodothesameandtoobeyAllahandHisMessenger(peacebe
uponhim)ineverything.ItisonlythroughthiswaythatMuslimswillachievehappinessandgoodendin
thislifeandtheHereafter.MayAllahguideyoutowhatisgoodforbothyourreligionandlife!MayAllah
guideyoutoallthatbenefitspeopleandcountries,forHeistheMostGenerous!
Assalamuàlaykumwarahmatullahwabarakatuh!
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PointingouttheSanctityofMakkahandtheStatusofAlBayt(theHouse:anothernamefor
theKa`bah)
andtherelatedAyahs(Qur'anicverses),Hadithandreports
AllpraiseisduetoAllah.Thegoodendisfortherighteousmaypeaceandblessingsbeupon
Hisservant,Messenger,andtheonewhomHechosefromamongHiscreationtowhomHe
entrustedwithHisRevelation,ourmasterMuhammadibnÀbdullah,anduponhisfamily,
Companions,andwhoeveradoptedhiswayandfollowedhisguidance.
IthankAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)forgrantingusthismeetingwithdearchildrenand
brothersandsistersinAllahtorecommendandcallforAlHaqq(theTruth)andtobesincere
towardsAllahandHisslaves.
MayAllah(ExaltedbeHe)reformourheartsanddeeds,helpusandallMuslimsunderstand
religion,andadheresteadfastlytoit,supportHisreligion,andcauseHiswordtoprevail,set
righttheaffairsofallMuslimseverywhere,entrusttheiraffairstothebestofthem,andguide
allMuslimrulerstoadheretoHisShariàh(Islamiclaw),judgebyitandenforceitupon
peoples.HeistheOnlyOneWhoisabletodothat.
ThenIthankmybrotherswhoareinchargeofthisclub,atthetopofthem,thehonorableDr.
RashidAlRajih,theheadoftheUniversityofUmAlQuraandpresidentoftheclubforinvitingme
toattendthislecture,entitled"ThesanctityofMakkahAlMukarramahandthestatusofAlBaytAlÀtiq
andtherelatedreports."
OdearbrothersandsistersinAllah,Idonotthinkthatanyonewhohastheleastknowledge
orinsightdoesnotknowthesanctityofMakkahandthestatusofAlBaytAlÀtiq.Thismatteris
clearlystatedbyAllahintheEverGloriousQur'aninmanyAyahsandbyHisMessenger
Muhammad(peacebeuponhim)inmanyHadithandbythescholarsintheirbooksandinthe
booksofTafsir(explanation/exegesisofthemeaningsoftheQur'an).
PraisebetoAllah,thematterisquiteclearnevertheless,Iwouldliketoremindpeopleofit
andtorecommendthemtoadheretotheObligationsofAllahregardingitssanctityandto
standagainstwhateveropposesorviolatesthissanctity.IntheEverGloriousQur'an,Allah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Verily,thefirstHouse(ofworship)appointedformankindwasthatatBakkah
(Makkah),fullofblessing,andaguidanceforAlAlamn(mankindandjinn). Initaremanifestsigns(forexample),theMaqm
(place)ofIbrhm(Abraham)whosoeverentersit,heattainssecurity.AndHajj(pilgrimagetoMakkah)totheHouse(Kabah)isa
dutythatmankindowestoAllh,thosewhocanaffordtheexpenses(foronesconveyance,provisionandresidence)andwhoever
disbelieves[i.e.deniesHajj(pilgrimagetoMakkah),thenheisadisbelieverofAllh],thenAllhstandsnotinneedofanyofthe
Alamn(mankind,jinnandallthatexists).
InthetheseAyahs,Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)pointsoutthatAlBaytAlÀtiqisthefirstHouseof
worshipestablishedforpeopleandthatitisblessedandisasourceofguidanceforthe
worlds.ThesearegreathonorsthatraisethestatusofAlBayt.
ItisreportedintheTwoSahih(authentic)BooksofHadith(i.e.AlBukhariandMuslim)and
others ontheauthorityofAbuDhar(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)thatheaskedtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)aboutthefirst
House(ofworship)thatwasbuiltforpeople.He(peacebeuponhim)said:AlMasjidAlHaram(theSacredMosqueinMakkah)I
asked, Thenwhich?Hesaid:AlMasjidAlAqsa(theAqsaMosqueinJerusalem)Iasked,Howlongbetweenthem?Hesaid,Forty
years. Iasked,'ThenWhich?'Hesaid:'WheneverSalah(Prayer)comesuntoyou,offerit,forthisplacewillbeMasjid(mosque)."
ThismeaningisstressedbythesayingoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)intheTwoSahih
(authentic)BooksofHadith(i.e.AlBukhariandMuslim): Ihavebeengrantedfive(things)whichwerenot
grantedtoanyonebeforeme(andtheseare):Allahmademevictoriousbyawe,(byHisfrighteningmyenemies)foradistanceofa
monthsjourney,andtheearthhasbeenmadeforme(andformyfollowers)aMasjid(placeofSalah)andameansofpurification.
AlBaytAlÀtiqisthefirstHouseestablishedforpeopletoworshipandobeyAllah(ExaltedbeHe).
ManyhouseswereestablishedbeforeitforlivingbutAlKa`bahwasthefirsthousebuiltfor
peopletoworshipAllahandcircumambulatearoundit.ItisbuiltbyKhalilAllah(CloseFriend
ofAllah),Ibrahim(Abraham)(peacebeuponhim),andhissonIsmaìl(Ishmael)(peacebe
uponhim).
WithregardtothereportthatitwasfirstpopulatedbyAdam,thisisaweakview.Itiswell
knowntothescholarsthatitwasfirstpopulatedbyKhalilAllahIbrahim(peacebeuponhim)
andthenexthouseestablishedforworshipfortyyearsafteritwasAlMasjidAlAqsaatthehands
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ofYa`qub(Jacob)sonofIshaq(Isaac)sonofIbrahim(peacebeuponthem).Thenitis
populatedbySulayman(Solomon)(peacebeuponhim).AlBaytAlÀtiqisthebestandfirsthouse
setforpeopleforworshipitisablessedhouse,forAllahhonoreditbymakingpeopleoffer
Salahinitandcircumambulatearoundit.Allthesearemeansforexpiatingsinsand
forgiveness.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: And(remember)whenWemadetheHouse(theKabahatMakkah)aplace
ofresortformankindandaplaceofsafety.Andtakeyou(people)theMaqm(place)ofIbrhm(Abraham)[orthestoneonwhich
Ibrhm(Abraham) stoodwhilehewasbuildingtheKabah]asaplaceofprayer(forsomeofyourprayers,e.g.two
R a k ataftertheTawfoftheKabahatMakkah),andWecommandedIbrhm(Abraham)andIsml(Ishmael)thattheyshouldpurify
MyHouse(theKa bahatMakkah)forthosewhoarecircumambulatingit,orstaying(Itikf),orbowingorprostratingthemselves
(there,inprayer).
Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)hasmadethisHouseaplaceofresortforpeopletowhichtheyare
alwaysyearningtogowhenevertheyreturnfromit,theywanttogobackagain.Allah
(ExaltedbeHe)hasinstilleditsloveandlongingintheheartsofthebelieverstheyfindinit
greatgoodness,raisingofranks,doublingoftherewardofgooddeedsandforgivenessof
misdeeds.Moreover,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)hasmadethisHouseaplaceofsafety,where
peoplefeelsecureandwheregameisalsosecure.Itisasafesanctuary
whereevengamefeelsecure,whichAllah(ExaltedbeHe)haspermittedMuslimstoeat
outside A lHaram.ButwithinAlHaram,thegamesaresecureandshouldnotbestartledor
killed.
Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)says: whosoeverentersit,heattainssecurity. i.e.whoeverentersitshouldbe

securednoharmormurdershouldoccurinit,inotherword,itisobligatorytogiveprotection
towhoeverentersitandnottoharmanyoneinanyway.
IntheJahiliyyah(preIslamictimeofignorance),thispracticewasfollowedamanwould
meetthemurdererofhisfatherorbrotherandcouldnotharmhim,tillhecameoutofit.AlBayt
A lÀtiqand A lHaramhavebeenmadebyAllahasaplaceofreturnandsecurityforpeople.Allah
orderedIbrahimandIsmaìl(peacebeuponthem)topurifytheHouseforthosewho
circumambulateit,andthosewhoarestayingthereforworshipandthosewhobowand
prostrateinSalah.InanotherAyah(Qur'anicverse),Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: And(remember)
whenWeshowedIbrhm(Abraham)thesiteofthe(Sacred)House(theKabahatMakkah)(saying):"Associatenotanything(in
worship)withMe,[Lilhaillallh(nonehastherighttobeworshippedbutAllh)IslmicMonotheism],andsanctifyMyHousefor
thosewhocircumambulateit,andthosewhostandup(forprayer),andthosewhobow(submitthemselveswithhumilityand
obediencetoAllh),andmakeprostration(inprayer)"
TheAyahherereferstotheresidentandthosewhocircumambulateitandtheprayers.
Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)ordersHisProphetIbrahimandhissonIsmaìltopurifythisHouseand
soshouldalltherulers.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)stressedthispointontheDayofthe
ConquestofMakkahhestatedthatitisasafesanctuarythatAllah,notpeople,madesacred
heldonthedaywhenHecreatedtheheavensandearth.He(peacebeuponhim)said: Itsgame
shouldnotbechased,itstreesshouldnotbechoppeddown,itsthornsshouldnotbecut,nobloodshouldbeshed,itsfallenthings
shouldnotbepickedupexceptbyonewhowouldannounceit. He(peacebeuponhim)meantthatthisHouseis
sacred,soitisanobligationuponMuslimsandrulersasitwasuponIbrahim,Ismaìl,allthe
prophetsandtheirsealMuhammad(peacebeuponthem)
torespectandhonorthisHouseandtobewareofwhatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)prohibitedinit
includingharming,wronging,andtransgressingagainstMuslims,whetherthosewhoperform
HajjorÙmrah(lesserpilgrimage)orothers.
ItisanobligationtopurifythisHouseforthosewhostayorworshipinit.Ifpeopleshould
respectthisHouseandkeepitawayfromharm,theyshouldalsopurifyitandavoid
committingsinsinitandkeepawayfromAllah'sAngerandPunishment.Theyshouldnotharm
orfightoneanotherforitisasecurecountry,whosepeopleshouldrevere,respect,andavoid
committingsinstothedisobedienceofAllahordoinginjusticeorharmtoeachother,fora
misdeedcommittedinitisgraveasthegooddeedsdoneinitaredoubled.
Misdeeds,accordingtothescholars,aredoublednotinnumbersforwhoevercommitsa
misdeedshallberecompensedbythelikethereof,butitisdoubledinquality,foramisdeed
committedin A lHaramisnotlikeamisdeedcommittedoutsideitrather,itismoregrave.In
thisrespect,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: andwhoeverinclinestoevilactionsthereinortodowrong(i.e.practise
polytheismandleaveIslmicMonotheism),himWeshallcausetotastefromapainfultorment. Themeaningof"whoever
inclinestoevilactionstherein"iswhoeverintendstodoinjusticetherein,soheusedthe
prepositionBawiththeword"Ilhadi.e.evilactions,togivethemeaningof"intend": and
whoeverinclinestoevilactionsthereinortodowrong(i.e.practisepolytheismandleaveIslmicMonotheism)
Iftheonewhointendstodoadeedthereinofdeviationinreligiondeservesapainful
torment,whatabouttheonewhoactuallydidsuchadeed?
Iftheonewhohastheintentiontodoanevilactionisthreatenedbypainfultorment,then
theonewhocommitsthecrimeandtransgressesthelimitsdeserves,withgreaterreason,
punishmentandpainfultorment.
AtthebeginningofthisAyah,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Verily,thosewhodisbelieved
andhinder(men)fromthePathofAllh,andfromAlMasjidalHarm(atMakkah)whichWehavemade(open)to(all)men,the
dwellerinitandthevisitorfromthecountryareequalthere[asregardsitssanctityandpilgrimage(HajjandUmrah)] This
indicatesthatthisHouseissacredandthereisnodifferencebetweentheresidentandthe
newcomerwhocometoperformHajjorÙmrahoranythingelsewithregardtoits
sacredness.
ThisisthebeginningoftheAyahinWhichAllah(ExaltedbeHe)says: andwhoeverinclinestoevil
actionsthereinortodowrong(i.e.practisepolytheismandleaveIslmicMonotheism) Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbe
He)pointsoutthegreatnessofthisplace,whichAllahhasmadesecureandsanctity,noneof
itsdwellersorvisitorsispermittedtotransgressAllah'sLimitsorharmpeopleinit.Thus,itis
knownthatwrongingandharmingpeoplein A lHarambyanutteranceordeedisamongthe
gravestprohibitedactswhosedoerdeservespainfultormentrather,itisoneofthemajor
sins.
WhenAllahsupportedHisProphet(peacebeuponhim)toconquerMakkah,headdressedthe
peopleandsaid: Allah,notpeople,hasmadethisTownsacredonthedayHecreatedtheheavensandtheearth.Itwasmade
lawfulforme(tofightinit)onlyduringanhourononeday,andtoday(now)itssanctityisthesame(valid)asitwasbefore.Soitis
incumbentuponthosewhoarepresenttoconveyit(thisinformation)tothosewhoareabsent. He(peacebeuponhim)
alsosaid: Itisnotlawfulforanybodytoshedbloodinit,cutdownitstrees,disturbitsgame,cutitsthorns,orpickupthethings
droppedexceptbyonewhomakesapublicannouncementofit.
Ifthegameandtreesarerespectedthere,whataboutthe[sanctityof]Muslims!Weshould
givemoreprioritytotheMuslim.NooneispermittedtoharmpeopleinAlHarambywordor
deedeveryoneshouldrespectthemincompliancewithAllah'sShar`(Law)andshouldrevere
Allah'sProhibitionsinitmorethanhewoulddoelsewhere.Heshouldbepeacefulwithhis
Muslimbrothersandsisters,loveallgoodforthem,andhateallevil,helpthemtodogood
andquitevilandshouldnotharmanyonewithwordsordeeds.InSurah(Qur'anicchapter)Al
Ìmran,Allahsays(ExaltedbeHe): Initaremanifestsigns(forexample),theMaqm(place)ofIbrhm(Abraham)
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)hasclearsignsinit,whichthescholarsinterpretedtorefertoMaqam
Ibrahim(theStationofIbrahim),meaningtheMaqamsofIbrahim,forthewordMaqamis
singleaddedtoadefinitenounsoitincludesalltheMaqamsofIbrahim.AllAlHaramisthe
MaqamofIbrahimwhereheworshippedAllahthisincludesalsothesacredmonumentslike
Àrafat,A lMuzdalyfahandMyna.AllthiscomesunderMaqamIbrahim.Thisalsoincludesthestone
whereIbrahimstoodwhilebuildingandonwhichpeoplenowofferSalah.
ThisprovidesaremindertothebelieverswhoarethelovingservantsofAllah,inorderthat
theymayfollowtheexampleofAllah'sProphet,Ibrahim.AllahordersourProphet
(Muhammad)todosoinHisSaying: Then,Wehavesenttherevelationtoyou(OMuhammad
saying):"FollowthereligionofIbrhm(Abraham)Hanif(IslmicMonotheismtoworshipnonebutAllh) Here,Allah
(ExaltedbeHe)ordersHisProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)tofollowthereligionof
IbrahimAlKhalil,thefatherofalltheprophets.
Allah'sProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)isthebestofallmessengersandthemost
perfectindeliveringAllah'smessageandthemostusefultopeopleamongthemheguided
themtoallthatisgood,guidance,andmeansofhappiness.EveryMusliminthisUmmah
(nationbasedononecreed)shouldfollowtheexampleofhisProphet(peacebeuponhim)
withregardtocarryingoutobligations,givingupprohibitedacts,wardingharmoffpeopleand
deliveringallgoodtothem.
Itisobligatoryuponthescholarsinchargetopointoutandguide.Therulersandofficialsin
chargeshouldimplementtheRuleofAllah,advise,anddeterwhoeverwantstoharmMuslims
i nMakkahofthosewhocametoperformHajjorÙmrahorotherinhabitants,regardlessoftheir
race.
Therulersshouldrespect,guardandprotectAlHaramAlSharifagainstanyevil,asAllahandHis
ProphetandMessenger(peacebeuponhim)ordered.
Thus,wecometoknowthatwhathappenedontheyear1407A.H.onthepartofsomeIranian
peoplewhowereperformingHajjisanactMunkar(thatwhichisunacceptableordisapprovedof
byIslamiclawandMuslimsofsoundintellect)rather,theShariàhofAllahprohibitsitthe
BookofAllahandtheSunnah(whateverisreportedfromtheProphet)forbidthat.
ThescholarsunanimouslyagreedupontheobligationofrespectingAlBayt,sanctifyingand
protectingitfromallharm,sin,andinjustice,andfacilitatingtheaffairsofpeoplewhocome
toperformHajjandÙmrahandhelpingthemtodogoodandavoidevil.Itisnever www.ircpk.com
permissibleforanyonefromIrano relsewheretoharmpeoplebymeansofspeech,actions,
demonstrations,ormassmarchesthatkeeppeoplefromcarryingouttheritualsofHajjand
Ùmrah.TheonewhoperformsHajjshouldbelikehisMuslimbrothersandsisterswithregard
tobeingquietandkindtoeveryonewhoperformsHajjhelpingthemtodogoodandavoid
evil.Thisisdueuponallpilgrimsregardlessoftheirraceorcountry,inordertoobeyAllah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe),glorifyHisBaytandkeepMakkah
A lMukarramahsanctified,actingupontheOrderofAllahandHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)andfollowingtheapproachofthe
MessengerandhisCompanions(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim).
ThisisanobligationuponallMuslims.Thismatterisquitecleartoeveryone.WhoeverharmspeopleinAlBaytAlÀtiqistheone
whodoesnotbelieveinAllahandtheLastDayortheonewhoisignorantoftheRulingsofAllahorintendstodoinjusticetopeople,
sohewillbepunishedaccordingtotheharmandinjusticeheinflictsuponothers.
TruebeliefinAllahandtheLastDaykeepsoneawayfromwhatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)prohibitedinthisplaceandelsewheretrue
beliefdetersonefromtransgressingtheLimitsofAllahandfromcommittingprohibitedacts.Onecommitsasinduetoweaknessin
Iman(Faith/belief).WithregardtoAlMasjidAlHaramandAlMasjidAlNabawy(theProphetsMosque)inMadinah,itisthedutyof
rulerstocarefullyprotectthemandwardoffanyharmfromthemandtheirinhabitantsandwhoevercomestoperformHajjor
ÙmrahorothervisitorsoutofobediencetoAllahandHisMessenger,andglorificationoftheOrderofAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbe
He)andHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim),andhelpingallobeyAllahandHisMessenger,andassuringtheheartsofthose
performingHajjandÙmrahsothattheywouldnotforgetwhatAllahorderedthemtodoorcommitwhatAllahforbadethemtodo.
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: HelpyouoneanotherinAlBirrandAtTaqw(virtue,righteousnessandpiety)butdonot
helponeanotherinsinandtransgression. He(GlorifiedbeHe)says: ByAlAsr(thetime). Verily,manisinloss, Exceptthose
whobelieve(inIslmicMonotheism)anddorighteousgooddeeds,andrecommendoneanothertothetruth[i.e.orderoneanotherto
performallkindsofgooddeeds(AlMaruf)whichAllhhasordained,andabstainfromallkindsofsinsandevildeeds(AlMunkar
whichAllhhasforbidden],andrecommendoneanothertopatience(forthesufferings,harms,andinjurieswhichonemayencounter
inAllhsCauseduringpreachingHisreligionofIslmicMonotheismorJihd). Itisobligatorytorecommendoneanothertoadhereto
A lHaqq(theTruth),practicepatience,andcooperateinrighteousnessandpietyinthissacredplaceandelsewheremoreover,this
placeismoresacredandglorifiedthananyotherplace.
Itisthebestplace,forMakkahAlMukarramahisthemostbelovedplacetoAllah.ItisthegreatestplacethencomesAlMadinahAl
Munawwarahthen A lMasjidAlAqsa.ThesearethethreeMasjidsthatAllahgavespecialholinesstheyarethegreatestandbest
Masjidswhichdeservemorerespectandcare.ThegreatestofthemisAlBaytAlÀtiq,whichAllahhasmadeasecureresortfor
people,soitsinhabitantsandwhoevercomestovisititshouldrealizeitsvirtueandesteem,inordernottocommitwhatAllah(Exalted
beHe)prohibited.Thisisanobligationuponboththeresidentsandnewcomers.ItsdwellersshouldglorifyitandavoidwhatAllah
(ExaltedbeHe)prohibitedinit.
Iftheonewhointendstodosinsinitdeservespainfulpunishment,sowhatabouttheonewhoactuallydoessinsinit?Thisaddressis
notonlythenewcomer,fortheresidentismoreentitledtobeincluded.
HeshouldknowwhatAllahhasprohibited,keepawayfromcommittingsins,andworkstudiouslytoobeyAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andHis
Messenger(peacebeuponhim)andhelpinghisMuslimbrothersandsistersinMakkahandthosewhocometoperformHajjor
Ùmrah.Heshouldbeguidingthemtoallgood.ItisanobligationupontheresidentsofMakkahtohelpandguidethemtothemeans
ofsalvationandtoavoidharmingthembywayofawordoraction.TheyshouldbecallerstoAlHaqq.
AllthesemattersshouldbeobservedinthesetwoMasjidsandcities.Ineverytimeandplace,MuslimsshouldfearAllah,honorHis
SacredRites,cooperatewithhisbrothersinpietyandrighteousnessandkeepawayfromwhateverAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)
prohibited.TherulersshouldstandagainstandpunishwhoeverviolatestheCommandsofAllahor
wantstotransgressHisLimitsandharmsHisServantsinordertoobeyAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)andHisMessenger(peace
beuponhim)andprotecttheMuslimswhocometoperformHajjandÙmrahandothers.Theyshouldrespectthissacredcountryand
thissecuredcountryagainstcommittingtheProhibitionsofAllahinitortransgressingAllah'sLimitsinitorsecuringwhoeverdoesnot
fearAllahandharmsHisServantsanddisturbstheirHajjandsecuritybyabadwordordeed.
MayAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)byHisBestNamesandLoftyAttributesguideMuslimseverywheretowhateverpleasesHim,fix
theirheartsanddeeds,helpthemcarryoutHisRightsandavoidHisProhibitions.MayAllahgrantthemunderstandingofreligion,
guideourrulerstodowhatisbestforthecountriesandpeoples,andhelpthemperformtheirobligations,protectHisBaytandthecity
oftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)fromharmorevil.WeaskAllahalsotosuppresstheenemiesofIslameverywhere,makethem
toopreoccupiedwiththeirownaffairstoharmtheMuslimsandmakethemplanfortheirowndestructionandsaveMuslimsfromtheir
evils.He(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)isMostGenerous,AllHearingandEverNear.MayAllah'sPeaceandBlessingsbeuponthe
MessengerofAllah,hisfamily,andCompanions!Amen.
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Gooddeedsaremultipliedintermsofbothqualityandquantity,whereas
baddeedsaremultipliedonlyintermsofquality
"AlTawìyahAlIslamiyyiah(Islamicenlightenment)"magazinehasreceivedsomequestionsincluding:
Q:IsittruethatthepunishmentofsinsismultipliedinMakkahjustasgooddeedsare?Why
aretheymultipliedinMakkahonlyandnotinanyotherplace?
A : TheevidenceofShariàh(IslamicLaw)indicatesthatgooddeedsaremultipliedinhonorabletimessuch
asRamadanandthefirsttendaysofDhulHijjahandplacesliketheTwoSacredMosques.Theyarehighly
rewardedinMakkahandMadinahasitisreportedintheauthenticHadiththattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)
said: OneprayerinmyMasjid(mosque)[i.e.AlMasjidAlNabawy(theProphetsMosqueinMadinah),Ed.]isbetterthanthousand
prayersinanyotherMasjid,exceptAlMasjidAlHaram(theSacredMosqueinMakkah)andaprayerinAlMasjidAlHaramisbetter
thanhundredprayersinmyMasjid. (RelatedbyAhmadandIbnHibbanthroughanauthenticchainoftransmission).
ThisindicatesthataprayerinAlMasjidAlHaramisonehundredthousandtimesbetterinrewardthananySalah
inanyplace,except A lMasjidAlNabawywheretheprayerisonehundredtimesbetterinrewardwhen
performedinTheProphet'sMosque.Othergooddeedsarealsomultipliedbutnothingisnarratedtospecifytheir
rewardsuchasthecaseofprayer.Onmypart,Iknownoauthenticevidencethatindicatesaspecificamount
ofrewardfortheothergooddeedssuchasfastingorDhikr(remembranceofAllah)buttherearegeneral
Hadithsthatshowthattheyaregreatlyrewarded.
ThereisaHadithreading:"WhoeverfastsRamadaninMakkah,Allahwritesitasahundredthousand
Ramadans",butitisweakaccordingtoscholars.
Thereupon,thereisnodoubtthatcarryingoutgooddeedsinAlHaramAlSharifinMakkahisgreatlyincreasedin
rewardbutthereisnodeterminedamounthereexceptinthecaseofprayerasillustratedpreviously.
Asformisdeeds,theverifyingscholarsareoftheopinionthatsinsarenotdoubledinnumberbutin
punishment.ThisisbecauseAllah(glorybetoHim)says: Whoeverbringsagooddeed(IslmicMonotheismanddeeds
ofobediencetoAllhandHisMessenger)shallhavetentimesthelikethereoftohiscredit,andwhoeverbringsan
evildeed(polytheism,disbelief,hypocrisy,anddeedsofdisobediencetoAllhandHisMessenger)shallhaveonly
therecompenseofthelikethereof
TheyarenotdoubledinnumberwhetherinRamadan,theSacredMosqueoranyotherplacealwaysamisdeed
iscountedasonemisdeed.ThisisabountyandfavorfromAllah(mayHebeExaltedandGlorified).
CommittinganevildeedintheSacredMasjidofMakkah,Ramadan,oronthefirsttendaysofDhulHijjahis
greaterinpunishmentbutnotcountedasmorethanonesin,andsimilarlycommittingawrongdoingin
MakkahisgreaterinpunishmentthancommittingitinJeddahorAlTa'if,forexample.AsininRamadanorDhul
HijjahisgraverandworsethanthatcommittedinRajaborSha`ban
butitisthepunishmentthatincreases,notthenumber,aslongassinsareconcerned.Ontheotherhand,
gooddeedsaredoubledinrewardandnumberaswellandthisisagreatbountyfromAllah.Thefollowing
Ayah(Qura'nicVerse)indicatesthegreatpunishmentforwrongdoingsintheSacredHouseinMakkahandthat
committingamisdeedinAlHaramissevereandgrave.Allah(glorybetoHim)says: andwhoeverinclinestoevil
actionsthereinortodowrong(i.e.practisepolytheismandleaveIslmicMonotheism),himWeshallcausetotastefromapainful
torment.
ThisshowsthatcommittingasinintheSacredMasjidofMakkahisveryoffensiveandevenhavinganinclination
tobaddoingisincludedinthethreatmentionedabove.Moreover,theAyahstatesthattohaveaninclination
todowronginAlHaramentailsagreatpunishment.Therefore,whataboutapersonwhoalsoactsuponwhat
theyinclinedtodowhileintheSacredMasjid.Thisnormallyentailsmorepunishmentthanjustaninclinationto
sins.TheAyahathandincludesagreatwarningagainstcommittingsinsinAlHaramanditappliestoevery
badinclinationwhetherinbelieforanyotherthing.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: andwhoeverinclinestoevilactions
thereinortodowrong(i.e.practisepolytheismandleaveIslmicMonotheism)
ThewordIlhad,i.e.,inclinationtoevilaction,wasmentionedasanindefinitenoun,whichmeansthatitis
equallyappliedtoeveryactofevilaction,becauseitisaformofIhlad.Thosewhohaveinclinationstoevil
actionsareeligibletothepunishmentmentionedaboveandiftheseinclinationscontradicttheIslamiccreed,
thisisagreatdanger,forwhoeverhasitmaybecomeadisbelieverduetothisandasaresultcommitsthe
greatestsin.
However,havinginclinationstooneoftheevilactionssuchasconsumingintoxicantbeverages,Zina www.ircpk.com
(premaritalsexualintercourseand/oradultery)andungratefulnesstoparentsoroneofthemislesserin
punishmentthanthepunishmentofdisbelief.
Committingevilactionsbyviolatingothers'rightsthroughkilling,hitting,plundering,cursingoranything
likethisisalsomeanthereandwhoeverdoessofallsunderthisgreatdanger.Thereisnodoubtthat
disbeliefisthegreatestandmostabominableofevilactions.Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)says: And(remember)
whenLuqmnsaidtohissonwhenhewasadvisinghim:Omyson!JoinnotinworshipotherswithAllh.Verilyjoiningothersin
worshipwithAllhisagreatZlm(wrong)indeed.
MayAllahgrantussuccess,andpeaceandblessingsbeuponHisProphetandhisfamilyandCompaniuons!
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EvidencefromtheQur'anandSunnahprohibitingandwarningagainstsinging
andamusements
IreviewedthearticlepublishedbyAlRa'idMagazineinitsissuesnos.(67)and(68),byAbuTurabAlZhahiry
underthetitle"TheQur'anandSunnahhavenotforbiddensingingorplayingmusicalinstrumentsand
listeningtothem."IconsideredcarefullythetextsofHadithandAthar(narrationsfromtheCompanions)he
mentionedandrelieduponinpermittingsingingandmusicalinstruments,accordingtohisImamAbu
MuhammadibnHazmAlZhahiry.IwasastonishedathisextremedaringfollowinghisImamAbuMuhammadtoclaim
thatalltheHadithreportedtoprohibitsingingandmusicalinstrumentsareDaìf(weak).Evenmore,they
claimthatsuchreportedHadithareMawdu`(fabricated).
IwassurprisedattheirstrangeextremedaringtosaythatsingingandallmusicalinstrumentsareHalal
(lawful),thoughtherearesomanyAyahs(Qur'anicverses),HadithandreportsquotedfromtheSalaf
(righteouspredecessorsmayAllahbepleasedwiththem)thatforbidthem.MayAllahsaveusfrom
speakingaboutHimwithoutknowledgeanddaringwithoutevidencetoregardaslawfulwhatAllahhas
deemedunlawful.TheearlyscholarsdeniedthisstrangedaringonthepartofAbuMuhammadandblamedhim
forthat.Duetothis,manyordealsbefellhim.MayAllahforgivehim,usandallMuslims!
AllahwarnsHisServantsagainstattributingtoHimthingswithoutknowledge.He(GlorifiedbeHe)warns
themagainstregardingthingsasHalalorHaram(prohibited)withoutevidence.He(GlorifiedandExaltedbe
He)tellsthatthisisdrivenbySatan.He(ExaltedbeHe)says: Say(OMuhammad):"(But)the
thingsthatmyLordhasindeedforbiddenareAlFawhish(greatevilsinsandeverykindofunlawfulsexualintercourse)whether
committedopenlyorsecretly,sins(ofallkinds),unrighteousoppression,joiningpartners(inworship)withAllhforwhichHehas
givennoauthority,andsayingthingsaboutAllhofwhichyouhavenoknowledge."
He(ExaltedbeHe)says: Andsaynotconcerningthatwhichyourtonguesputforthfalsely:"Thisislawfulandthisisforbidden,"
soastoinventliesagainstAllh.Verily,thosewhoinventliesagainstAllhwillneverprosper. Apassingbriefenjoyment(willbe
theirs),buttheywillhaveapainfultorment. He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Omankind!Eatofthatwhichislawfulandgoodon
theearth,andfollownotthefootstepsofShaitan(Satan).Verily,heistoyouanopenenemy. He[Shaitn(Satan)]commandsyou
IntheseNobleAyahs,Allah
onlywhatisevilandFahsh(sinful),andthatyoushouldsayagainstAllhwhatyouknownot.
(GlorifiedbeHe)warnsHisServantsagainstconsideringsomethingtobeHalalorHaramwithout
knowledge.He(GlorifiedbeHe)pointsoutthatspeakingaboutHimwithoutknowledgeismoregravethan
Shirk(associatingotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship)andthatSatanlikestomakepeopleattribute
thingstoAllahwithoutknowledgeandordersthemtodothistospoiltheirreligion,moralsandsocieties.
EveryMuslimshouldbewareofspeakingaboutAllahwithoutknowledgeandshouldfearandwatchAllah
withregardtowhatevertheydeemHalalorHaram.EveryMuslimshouldtrytogetridofpersonalwhims
andblindimitation.TheyshouldaimatclarifyingAllah'sRulingtopeopleinthesamewayAllahpointedout
inHisBookandHisMessengerreferredtoinhisSunnah(whateverisreportedfromtheProphet)outof
sinceritytoAllahandHisServants,andforfearofhidingknowledge,andtogettherewardfromAllah.May
AllahguideusandallMuslimstothewayofscholarsandbelieversandtosaveusfromtheevilsofourselves
andourmisdeeds.HeisOmnipotentoverallthings.
HereIwillmentiontoyou,dearreader,InshaaAllah(ifAllahwills),themistakesfoundinthearticleofAbu
TurabandhisImamAbuMuhammadandwillclarifytoyouthereportedAyahsandSahih(authentic)Hadith
andAtharthatindicatetheprohibitionofsingingandthemeansofamusements.Iwillalsomention
sufficientevidencefromthereportsofeminentscholars,inordertobeonthestraightwayandtoremove
thedoubtsandsuspicionsthatmightbefallwhoeverhearsofthearticleofAbuTurabandsimilarwriters.We
seektheHelpofAllahandputourtrustinHim.ThereisneithermightnorpowerexceptwithAllah,the
MostHigh,theMostGreat.
AbuTurabsaid:"Theverifiedquestionisthatsingingandmusicalinstrumentsandlisteningtothemare
permissiblethereisnoauthenticNas(IslamictextfromtheQuranortheSunnah)intheShariàh(Islamic
law)oftheProphetMuhammad(peacebeuponhim)thatprohibitsthem.Evidenceshouldbeextractedfrom
thetwofundamentals:theQur'anandtheSunnahandanythingotherthanthemisnonsenseandnulland
voidandshouldberejected.ItisnotpermissibleforabelievertotransgressagainsttheLimitsofAllah...Al
HafizhAbuMuhammadibnHazmsaid,'Sellingchess,pipes,mandolinsandmusicalinstrumentsisHalalhewho
breaksanyofthemshouldguaranteeit,exceptthedrawnpictures,theyarenottobeguaranteedbytheone
whospoilsthem,foraswementionedbeforetheyareesteemedasmoneybelongingtotheirowner.'"
IholdtheviewthatAbuMuhammadwaswrongandsowasAbuTurabafterhim,fordeemingasHalalsinging
andmusicalinstrumentswhichAllahhasprohibited.Theyhaveopenedthedoortogreatevilandopposed
thewayofthebelieverswhomemorizetheSunnahandQur'anamongtheSahabah(Companionsofthe www.ircpk.com
Prophet)andtheirfollowersinrighteousness.Thisleadstograveconsequences.MayAllahsaveusandall
Muslimsfromdeviationofhearts,powerofsins,andinsinuationsofSatan.HeistheMostGenerous,Most
Kind.
ThemajorityofMuslimscholarsholdtheviewthatsingingandallmusicalinstrumentsareHaram.They
deemeditobligatorytobreakmusicalinstrumentsandsaidthatthereisnoguaranteeoverthespoiler.They
holdtheviewthatifsingingisaccompaniedbymusicalinstruments,suchasdrums,pipes,lutes,andsoon,
itisHaramaccordingtoIjma`(consensusofscholars),withtheexceptionoftheDuff(atambourinelike
instrumentwithoutbells)whenplayedbywomenatweddings,aswillbepointedoutlaterInshaaAllah.
ItwasreportedbyAbuÀmribnAlSalahthattheMuslimscholarsunanimouslyagreedthatsingingandmusical
instrumentsareHaramifaccompaniedtogetheraswewillmentioninthefollowingthefulltextofhisspeech
asreportedbytheeminentscholarIbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim).Thisisbecausesingingand
musicalinstrumentsresultinruthlessnessofheartanddeviateitfromlisteningtotheEverGloriousQur'an
andusefulsciences.Undoubtedly,thisisoneofthetricksofSatanbywhichhetriestodeceivethepeople
wholackknowledgeandreligion,sothattheypreferlisteningtotheQu'ranofSatannamelysongsto
listeningtotheQur'anofAllahandtheHadithofHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim).TheSalafrebuked
severelythosewhooccupiedthemselveswithsingingandmusicalinstrument,describedthemwithinsolence
andFisq(flagrantviolationofIslamiclaw),anddidnotaccepttheirtestimonyaswillbeexplainedlater,In
shaaAllah.ThisisbecausepreoccupationwithsingingandmusicalinstrumentsleadstoweaknessofIman
(Faith/belief)andlackofshynessandpiety.Evenmore,itresultsinbelittlingtheCommandsand
ProhibitionsofAllah.Moreover,thepeoplepreoccupiedwithsingingandmusicalinstrumentsbecomeina
stateofheedlessness,reclinetofalsehood,becomesluggishtoperformSalah(Prayer)andactsofcharity,
butactiveindoingevilswhichsigningdrivesto,suchasZina(premaritalsexualintercourseand/oradultery),
sodomy,drinkingKhamr(intoxicant)andhavingsexwithwomen,exceptthosewhomAllahsaved.
Thedifferentkindsofevilandcorruptionthatareconsequentupontheseactions,whichconstituteameans
todiversionanddeviation,arewellknowntomindfulpeople.Here,dearreader,aresomeoftheproofs
whichsupporttheprohibitionofsingingandmusicalinstrumentsfromtheEverGloriousQur'anandHadith.
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: Andofmankindishewhopurchasesidletalks(i.e.music,singing,etc.)tomislead(men)fromthe
PathofAllhwithoutknowledge,andtakesit(thePathofAllh,ortheVersesoftheQurn)bywayofmockery.Forsuchtherewillbe
ahumiliatingtorment(intheHellfire). AndwhenOurVerses(oftheQurn)arerecitedtosuchaone,heturnsawayinpride,asif
A lHafizhIbnKathir(mayAllah
heheardthemnotasifthereweredeafnessinhisear.Soannouncetohimapainfultorment.
bemercifulwithhim),inhisTafsir(explanation/exegesisofthemeaningsoftheQur'an)ofthesetwoAyahs,
said:"WhenHementioned
thestatusoftheblessedpeoplewhoareguidedbytheQur'anandavailthemselvesoflisteningtoit,asHe
(ExaltedbeHe)says: AllhhassentdowntheBestStatement,aBook(thisQurn),itspartsresemblingeachother(in
goodnessandtruth)(and)oftrepeated.TheskinsofthosewhofeartheirLordshiverfromit(whentheyreciteitorhearit).Then
theirskinandtheirheartsoftentotheremembranceofAllh. Heusedaconjunctiontostatethestatusofthewretched
whoturnawayfrombenefitingfromtheSpeechofAllahandturntolisteningtosingingandmusical
instruments.IbnMasùdsaidaboutAllah'sSaying: Andofmankindishewhopurchasesidletalks(i.e.music,singing,etc.)
tomislead(men)fromthePathofAllh "ByAllah,it(idletalks)issinging."ItwasreportedbyIbnJarirfromYunusibn
ÀbdulA`lafromIbnWahbfromYazidibnYunusfromAbuSakhrfromAbuMuàwiyyahAlBajalyfromSaìdibnJubayrfrom
AbuAlSahba'AlBakrythatheheardÀbdullahibnMasùdwhenaskedaboutthisAyah: Andofmankindishewho
purchasesidletalks(i.e.music,singing,etc.)tomislead(men)fromthePathofAllh he(ÀbdullahibnMasùd)said,"Itis
singing,byAllahWhoistheOnlyOneworthyofworship."Herepeateditthreetimes.Itwasnarratedby
ÀmribnÀlyfromSafwanibnÌsafromHumaydAlKharratfromÀmmarfromSaìdibnJubayrfromAbuAlSahba'thathe
askedIbnMasùdaboutAllah'sSaying: Andofmankindishewhopurchasesidletalks(i.e.music,singing,etc.) andhe
(IbnMasùd)said,"Itissinging."ThesamewassaidbyIbnÀbbas,Jabir,Ìkrimah,SaìdibnJubayr,Mujahid,Makhul,
ÀmribnShuàybandÀlyibnBudaymah.AlHasanAlBasrysaid,"ThisAyah Andofmankindishewhopurchasesidletalks(i.e.
music,singing,etc.)tomislead(men)fromthePathofAllhwithoutknowledge wasrevealedwithregardtosingingand
pipes.QatadahsaidaboutHisSaying: Andofmankindishewhopurchasesidletalks(i.e.music,singing,etc.)tomislead
(men)fromthePathofAllhwithoutknowledge "ByAllah,itmaynotmeanspendingmoneytopurchaseit,but
purchasingheremeanspreferringit.Itissufficienttobeconsideredanactofmisguidancethataperson
prefersthetalkoffalsehoodtothetalkofAlHaqq(theTruth)andwhatbringsaboutharmtowhatbrings
aboutbenefit."Endofquote.
Dearreader,thinkaboutthesetwoNobleAyahsandtheirinterpretationsbytheImamandthereports
quotedfromtheeminentSalaf.Accordingly,itisquitecleartoyouthatthepeopleofsingingandthemeans
ofdistractioncommitgravesins.YouwillcometoknowthattheNobleAyahclearlycriticizesanddispraises
themandthattheirpurchaseandselectionofidletalkisameansofmisguidanceandgoingastray,evenif
theydonotintendorknowthat.ThisisbecauseAllah(GlorifiedbeHe)praisesthepeopleoftheQur'anat
thebeginningoftheSurah(Qur'anicchapter)anddescribesthemproperly,tellingthattheyarethepeopleof
guidanceandsuccess.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says:"BismillahAlRahman,AlRahim[Inthe
NameofAllah,theMostGracious,theMostMerciful]" AlifLmMm.[Theselettersareoneofthemiraclesofthe
Q u rn,andnonebutAllh(Alone)knowstheirmeanings]. TheseareVersesoftheWiseBook(theQurn). Aguideanda www.ircpk.com
mercyfortheMuhsinn(gooddoers). ThosewhoperformAsSalt(IqamatasSalt)andgiveZaktandtheyhavefaithinthe
Hereafterwithcertainty. SuchareonguidancefromtheirLord,andsucharethesuccessful. ThenHe(GlorifiedbeHe)
says: Andofmankindishewhopurchasesidletalks(i.e.music,singing,etc.)tomislead(men)fromthePathofAllhwithout
knowledge ThisindicatesthatAllahdispraisesthosepurchasers,whohavegoneastrayafterbeingguided.
Thatwhichisameansofmisguidanceanddistractionisdispraisedaswellandshouldbeavoided.WhatAl
HafizhIbnKathirsaidintheTafsirofthisAyahisthesameviewheldbymanyMufassirs(exegetesofthe
Qur'an),suchasIbnJarir,AlBughy,AlQurtubyandmanyothers.AlWahidysaidinhisTafsirthatmostMufassirsheld
theviewthatidletalkissinging,whileothersinterpreteditasShirk.Stillothersinterpreteditasthereports
ofnonArabsandthefalsereportsthatkeepawayfromAlHaqq.AlltheseTafsirarecorrectandinvolveno
contradiction.TheNobleAyahdispraiseswhoevergetsaccustomedtowhateverturnsawayfromtheWayof
AllahanddistractsfromHisBook.Undoubtedly,
songsandmusicalinstrumentsareconsideredsomeofthemostabominableidletalkthatturnpeopleaway
fromtheQur'anandWayofAllah.AbuJa`faribnJarir(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)said,inhisTafsirwhen
mentioningthesayingsofMufassirsregardingidletalk,"Thecorrectviewinthisregardistosaythatit
meansanytalkthatdistractsawayfromtheWayofAllah,andwhichAllahorHisMessengerprohibited
hearingit.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)usesgeneralizationinHisSaying: idletalks(i.e.music,singing,etc.) Hedoesnot
specifysomethingsotherthanothers.Accordingly,thisgeneralizationappliesunlessthereisevidencethat
specifiesthemeaning.ThisincludessingingandShirk."Endofquote.
A lQurtuby,inhisTafsirofAllah'sSaying: Andofmankindishewhopurchasesidletalks(i.e.music,singing,etc.)
said:
"Min(of)isinthepositionofthesubjectofanominalsentence"idletalk"issingingaccordingtoIbnMasùd,
IbnÀbbasandothers."ThenhewentoninterpretingthisAyahuntilhesaid:
"Thesecondquestionistheordinarysingingofthecelebritiesthattouchesfeelings,arousesdesires,
flirtationandimpudence,andmovesthesilentspirits.Ifthiskindisfoundinpoemsthatdescribevividlythe
charmsofwomenandmentionKhamrandforbiddenacts,itisundoubtedlyHaram,forthisisthecursed
singingandidletalkaccordingtoIjma`.However,ifsingingisfreefromthis,thelittleofwhichis
permissibleattimesofhappiness,suchasweddingpartiesandÈids(Festivals)andwhenencouraging
peopletodohardwork,asinthecaseofdiggingthetrenchandthepromptingsingingtothecamelsby
AnjashahandSalmahibnAlAkwa`.WithregardtowhatisinnovatedbySufistoday,whoareaddictedtohearing
songsaccompaniedwithdifferentmusicalinstruments,thisisHaram."Endofquote.
Whatissaidby A lQurtubyisagoodview,whichissupportedbythereportsmentionedinthisregard.This
includeswhatisauthenticallyreportedintheTwoSahih(authentic)BooksofHadith(i.e.AlBukhariand
Muslim)ontheauthorityofÀishah(mayAllahbepleasedwithher)thatshesaid: "TheProphetentereduponme
andthereweretwoyounggirlswithmewhoweresingingtheversesthattheAnsar(Helpers,inhabitantsofMadinahwhosupported
theProphet)hadsaidonthedayofBuath.
Helaidonthebedandturnedhisfaceawayfromthem.ThenAbuBakr(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)enteredandrebukedme,
saying,'ThepipeofSatanintheProphet'shouse!'Thereupon,theMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)said,'Leavethemalone.'
Sowhenhelostattention,Iwinkedtothemtogetout." InanothernarrationbyMuslim: TheMessengerofAllahsaid,"OAbuBakr,
everynationhasitsÈidandthisisour(thepeopleofIslam)Èid. InanothernarrationbyMuslimalso,he(theMessenger)said,
"Letthem,OAbuBakr,thesearedaysofÈid." InanothernarrationbyMuslimalso: "Twogirlswereplayinguponaduff." This
HadithindicatesthatthereprehensibilityanddisapprovalofsingingandcallingitthepipeofSatanwerewellknownmattersagreed
uponbytheSahabah(mayAllahbepleasedwiththem).Therefore,AbuBakrAlSiddiqrebukedÀishahforhavingtwogirlssingingin
herhouseandcalledthissinging"thepipeofSatan."TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)didnotobjecttothatdescriptionanddidnot
saytohimthatsingingandDuffarepermissiblerather,hejustorderedhimtoleavethetwogirlsalone,justifyingthattheywereon
daysofÈid.ThisgivesevidencetothefactthatthiskindofsingingistobetolerableonthepartofyounggirlsonthedaysofÈid,for
theyaredaysofhappinessandjoyandbecausethetwogirlschantedthesongoftheAnsarwhichtheysangontheDayofBuàth.
Thesongwasrelatedtocourageandwar,unlikethepresentsongswhichmaleandfemalesingerssing.Thesingingoftodayarouses
sexualdesiresandcallstoadorationofpicturesandtoFitnah(temptation),whichdivertsheartsfromglorifyingAllahandrespecting
HisRight.SohowcouldareasonablepersonmakesQiyas(analogy)betweenthem?WhoeverpondersonthisHadithwillcometo
knowthatwhatevergoesbeyondtheactionofthesetwogirlsisMunkar(thatwhichisunacceptableordisapprovedofbyIslamiclaw
andMuslimsofsoundintellect)andshouldbeavoidedandwarnedagainstinordertoputanendtothemeansofcorruptionandto
protectheartsagainstwhatturnsthemawayfromAlHaqqanddivertsthemfromrecitingtheQur'an.
WithregardtotheclaimofAbuTurabthatthisHadithisasupportingevidencefortheabsolutepermissibilityofsinging,thisisafalse
claimbaseduponwhatwehavepointedoutearlierandtheaforementionedAyahs,Hadithandreportswhichindicatetheinvalidityof
hisclaim.
ThereisalsotheHadithnarratedbySufyanAlThawryfromAbuIshaqAlSubay`yontheauthorityofÀmiribnSa`dAlBajalythathe
sawAbuMasùdAlBadry,QurzahibnKa`b
andThabitibnYazidataweddingpartywheretherewassinging.Hesaidtothem:"YoudothiswhileyouaretheCompanionsofthe
MessengerofAllah!"Theysaid:"ARukhsah(concession)hadbeengrantedallowingsingingatweddingsandweepingforthedead,so
longasthereisnowailing."ThisHadithisnotasupportingevidencefortheabsolutepermissibilityofsingingitindicatesthatitis
permissibleatweddingstoannouncemarriage.WhoeverpondersonthisHadithwillcometorealizethatitisratheraproofthat
singingisforbiddenandnotthatitispermissible,forsincetheyaregrantedRukhsahallowingsingingatweddingsforknownwisdom,
thisindicatesthatsingingisforbiddenelsewhereunlessthereisaspecificevidencethatpermitsit,justasgrantingthetravelera
RukhsahtoshortenthefourRakàh(unitofPrayer)Salahindicatesthatanyoneotherthanthetravelerisnotallowedtoshorten
Salah.Similarly,grantingaRukhsahtothemenstruatingwomanandthenewlydeliveredwomantoquitTawafulWada`
(circumambulationaroundtheKa`bahonleavingMakkah)indicatesthatanywomanotherthanthemisnotallowedtodothis.There
aremanyotherexamplestothesameeffect.Besides,ÀmiribnSa`d'sdisapprovalofsingingonthepartofthoseSahabahandtheir www.ircpk.com
admissionofthisisfurtherevidencethatthereprehensibilityofsingingisamatteragreeduponbytheSahabahandTabiùn
(Followers,thegenerationaftertheCompanionsoftheProphet),whichtheyknewfromtheProphet(peacebeuponhim).Allahisthe
OneWhoissoughtforhelp.
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TheencyclopedicscholarIbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)saidinhisbook''IghathatAlLahfanMinMasa'dAlShaitan":
"Whistling,clappingofhands,singing,andmusicareamongthestratagemsandplotsthatSatanusesto
allurethosewhohavelittlereligiousknowledgeandreason.Indeed,hedeludedtherebytheignorantand
liars.Thus,hedivertspeoplefromlisteningtotheQur'anandgetstheminvolvedindevianceandsins.Satan
usessingingtomakepeopleabandontheQur'anandvulnerabletocommittingsinsofhomosexualityand
Zina(premaritalsexualintercourseand/oradultery).Itisthewayforseductionandtemptation,asSatan
beautifiesitintheeyesoftheignorantandmakestheminclinedtohearitmoreandmore.Theirheartsare
spoiledandthustheybecomeheedlessoftheQur'an...Indeed,thepoetputsitinbeautifulverseswhen
saying,
TheQur'anisrecitedandthey butinattentivelyandheedlessly
listenednotsubmissively
Andwhensingingbegan,like dancedfortheirownpleasure
donkeysthey
Indulgedinsoundsof thusabsolutelyunableto
tambourine,pipe,andloud observedevotion
rhymes.
Theyfeltburdenedwiththe duetoitscommandsand
Qur'an prohibitions
ItsAyahsseemtothemas fortheybearthreatforthe
thunder, disobedient
TheysawtheQur'anasa totheirlustfuldesires,what
barrier lossforthem!
Butsinginggratifiestheir thus,itbecomeshighlyelevated
wickedselves,
Whatbenefitwilltheyattain Alas,ifthoseheedlessand
ignorantwilljustknow
Ifsingingisnottheintoxicant surely,itisofminds
ofbodies,
Looktotheintoxicatedafter andlooktothejubilantperson
drinking afterlisteningtomusic
Lookhowtheyteartheirclothes aftertheydepravedtheirhearts
inattentively ofIman
Nowsay,whatintoxicantmore prohibitionandpunishment
deservingof fromAllah
Anothersaid:
Weexcusedourselvesbefore frompeoplewhoaresickwith
Allah singingandmusic
ManyatimeIsaid:Opeople, abouttofallintoagrievous
youare abyss
unfathomableanddeep, leadingtotheabodeofthe
greathardship
Manyatimeweadvisedthem tobeexcusedbeforeAllah
Butwhentheymockedour weleftouraffairstoAllah
warnings,
Thus,weadoptedthe whiletheylivedtheirlifeto
exemplarybehaviorofthe deathindulgedintonesand
Prophet melodies
TheadvocatesofIslamandtheguidedImamsthroughageswarnedandstillwarnagainstthebehaviorof
thoseignorantanddisobedient.EndofQuote.

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Aclaimthatshouldberefuted:
ItisallegedbyAbuTurabfollowingthefootstepsofIbnHazmthatAllah'sstatement: tomislead(men)fromthePath
ofAllhwithoutknowledge,andtakesit(thePathofAllhortheVersesoftheQurn)bywayofmockery. isanindicationthat
whoeverindulgesinidlediscourse
(i.e.music,singing,etc.)doesnotdeservedispraiseunlesstheydosoindeviationortodeviateothersfrom
therightpath.Butiftheylistentosuchidletalksasakindofamusementandselfentertainment,thereis
nothingwrongwiththat.However,thisisafalseclaimforthreereasons:
First,itcontradictshowtheSalaf(righteouspredecessors)fromamongtheSahabah(Companionsofthe
Prophet)andTabiùn(Followers,thegenerationaftertheCompanionsoftheProphet)understoodtheAyah
(Qur'anicverse),astheytookitasevidenceforabsolutelydispraisingsingingandmusicalinstruments
withoutrelatingittothisconditionallegedbyAbuTurab.Theywerethemostknowledgeablepeopleofthe
Qur'anandthewordsoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim).Thus,theyweremoreawareofthemthanthose
whocameafterthem.
Second,thisclaimopposestheapparentmeaningoftheAyah.Thisissocleartowhoeverreflectsonit,as
Allah(mayHebePraised)states: tomislead(men)fromthePathofAllhwithoutknowledge
ThisindicatesthatsuchblameworthypeopleuseidlediscoursetomisleadpeoplefromAlSiratulMustaqim
(theStraightPath)ignorantlyandaimlesslythustheydidnotintendtomisleadthem.Iftheyhad
deliberatelydivertedpeoplefromIman,Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)wouldnothavestated: tomislead
(men)fromthePathofAllhwithoutknowledge Itcouldnotbesaidthatthosewhoknewthattheywerecommitting
thisviceofleadingpeopleastrayfromAllah'spathdidsoignorantly.Similarly,thosewhomisleadpeople
awayfromAllah'spathintentionally,cannotbeconsideredashavingdonesowithoutknowledge.Therefore,
youshouldbeawareofthis,sothetruthwillbeevidenttoyou.Therefore,theletter'Lami.e.(to)'inAllah's
saying tomislead(men)fromthePathofAllh shouldbeunderstoodasthatof'LamAlÀqibah'or'LamAlTa`lil'
i.e.denotingacausalsequence,asitgivesthereasonforthepredestinedwillofAllah.
ThisismentionedbyAlHafizIbnKathirandothers.Accordingly,theAyahmeansthatwhoeverpurchasesidle
discourse(i.e.music,singing,etc.)willeventuallydeviatefromtherightpathand
followthewayofSataninmisleadingothersaswellasabandontheQur'anandarrogantlyrefusetoabideby
itsteachingholdingitindisdaineveniftheydosoignorantlyandunintentionally.
Ontheotherhand,iftheLamisthatofTa`lili.e.denotingthecause,theAyahmeansthatAllahpredestined
somepeopletocommitthissinleavingthemtoindulgeinidletalkstoleadothersastray.Accordingtoboth
meanings,thenobleAyahincludesadispraiseofthosepeoplewhowillendupasSatan'sfollowersin
temptingbelieversfromtheirfaithandmockingAllah'sAyahsaswellasabandoningHisbook.Realityattests
tothisasmanyofthosewhofollowtheirwhimsandarepreoccupiedbysingingandmusicalinstruments
endedwiththeirheartsasdeprivedofImananddivertedfromAlHaqq(theTruth)exceptthosetowhom
AllahshowedHisMercy.Furthermore,theIslamicShariàhwithitsperfectresourcesfromtheBookofAllah
andtheSunnahofHisProphet(peacebeuponhim)indicatetheobligationofavertingallmeansleadingto
devianceandmalicesoastoavoidfallingvictimtobadoutcomesthatinevitablycomewithsuchsins.The
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)forbadedrinkinglittleamountsofanyintoxicantlestthisshouldtemptoneto
drinkmore,ashe(peacebeuponhim)stated, Ifalargeamountofanythingcausesintoxication,asmallamountofitis
prohibited. Bythesametoken,theProphetforbadeofferingSalahafterFajr(Dawn)orÀsr(Afternoon)
PrayerslestMuslimsshouldfallintothesinofimitatingMushriks(thoseassociatingotherswithAllahinHis
Divinityorworship)whoworshipthesunwhenitrisesandsets.Therearemanycasesknownofthosewho
havetheleastknowledgeoftheIslamicShariàh.Finally,AllahistheOnlyOnewhoseHelpistobesought.
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Thirdly,ifthedispraiseisonlyconfinedtothosewhopurchasedidletalktodeviatethemselvesormisleadothersfromtherightpath,
therewillbenobenefitinmentioningidletalkspecifically,asthedispraisewillthenencompassanymischiefcommittedwiththe
purposeofleadingothersastrayevenifsuchanactispraisedbyAllah(mayHebePraisedandExalted).Forexample,thisis
applicabletowhoeverbuysaMushaf(ArabicQur'an)todeludepeopleandtemptthemtogoastray.AllahlovestheMushaf,forit
containsHiswords,butAllahlovesHisServantstopurchasetheMushaftoseekguidanceandfaith,nottodeludeandconfuseothers.
ItshouldbenotedthatIbnHazmandAbuTurabadmittedthataspectandclaimedthattheAyahisonlyapplicable
tothatkindofpeople.Yet,thisisablatantmistakeanddivertstheAyahfromitstrueandgeneralmeaning.
Hence,youshouldknow,dearreader,thatthesethreereasonsrefutetheclaimofAbuTurabandrenderit
invalid.Furthermore,itbecomesequallyclearthatthenobleAyahisanapparentproofondispraising
singingandmusic,andprohibitingthemasameansofdevianceandmockingAllah'swordsevenifthose
whoindulgeinthisviceareunawareofitsseriousness.ThisisthemeaningthattheSalafderivedfromthe
Ayah.Evidently,theyarethemostknowledgeablepeopleinthemeaningsofthelegaltextsandtheir
applicationandthemostworthyofbeingfollowed(mayAllahbepleasedwiththem).Wealsorefutedthe
claimofAbuTurabconcerningtheHadithofthetwoslavegirlsandtheHadithofAbuMasùdAlBadriandhis
companionswhohavebeenpermittedtosinginawedding.Wepreviouslyexplainedthatthe
aforementionedtwoHadithsareadecisiveproofagainstAbuTurabandhisImamIbnHazm,astheylend
supporttotheprohibitionofsongsandsinging,nottothepermissionofthesame.PraisebetoAllahby
WhoseGracegooddeedsareaccomplished.
www.ircpk.com

ThegreatscholarIbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)commentedontheAyah(Qur'anicverse)quotedabovethatreads:
Andofmankindishewhopurchasesidletalks(i.e.music,singing,etc.) sayinggoodwords,goinginlinewithwhatwementioned
earlier.Followingisastatementofhiswords:AlWahidyandotherssaid:mostMufassirs(exegetesoftheQur'an)viewthatidletalk
referstosinging.ItwastheviewofIbnÀbbasasreportedbySaìdibnJubayrandMuqsimfromhim.Itwasalsotheviewof
ÀbdullahibnMasùdasreportedbyAbuAlSahba'fromhim.Inaddition,itwastheviewofMujahidandÌkrimah.Moreover,
ThuwayribnAbuFakhitahreportedfromhisfatherontheauthorityofIbnÀbbascommentingontheAyah Andofmankindishewho
purchasesidletalks(i.e.music,singing,etc.) "Itreferstoamanwhobuysaslavegirltosingforhimwhetherinthedayoratnight."
IbnAbuNajihreportedMujahidassaying,"Itmeansbuyingamaleorfemalesingerforalargesumofmoneyinordertolistento
themorsuchlikefalsehood."ThisisalsotheviewofMakhulandtheopinionofAbuIshaqaswellashesaid,"Mostopinions
onexplainingidletalkaretotheeffectthatitissingingasitdivertsfromDhikr(RemembranceofAllah)."
Besides, A lWahidysaid:Scholarsofrhetoricareoftheopinionthatunderthiscategorycomesallthosewho
giveidletalk,singing,tambourinesandmusicalinstrumentsasapreferenceovertheQur'an.Althoughthe
Qur'anusestheterm"buy"here,thesametermisusedincertaincontextstodenotesubstitutionandgiving
preference.Headded:ThisgivessupporttotheviewofQatadahonthisAyah,forperhapsthemanreferred
to,mightnothavespentanymoney.Itisenoughofanerrortogivefalseidletalkpreferenceovertruthful
talk. A lWahidyfurtheradded:AccordingtothisexplanationoftheAyah,it'sindicatedthatsingingis
prohibited.Asforsongstresses,theyaremorestronglyprohibitedbecauseoftheseverethreatagainstit.In
thisregard,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)isreportedtohavesaid: Whoeverlistenstoasongstresswillhave
moltenleadpouredintohisearsontheDayoftheResurrection. Actually,idletalkintheAyahmentionedaboveis
explainedtomeansinginginaHadithtraceablebacktotheProphet(peacebeuponhim).IntheMusnadof
ImamAhmad,theMusnadofÀbdullahibnAlZubayrAlHumaydyandAlJamiòfAlTirmidhyontheauthorityofAbu
Umamah,thecontextbeingthatofAlTirmidhy,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)isreportedtohavesaid: Donot
sellsingingslavewomen,donotbuythemanddonotteachthem.Thereisnothinggoodinthistrade,andtheirpriceisunlawful In
suchandlikerespectsthefollowingAyahwasrevealed: Andofmankindishewhopurchasesidletalks(i.e.music,
singing,etc.)tomislead(men)fromthePathofAllh AlthoughtheHadithisnarratedbyÙbaydullahibnZahrfromÀlyibn
YazidAlAlbanyfromAlQasim,ÙbaydullahibnZahrbeingtrustworthyandalQasimbeingtrustworthywhileÀlybeing
Daìf(weak),theHadithhasmanyothernarrationsthroughotherchainsofnarratorswhichwewillmention
later,InshaaAllah(ifAllahwills).
SufficeittoknowthattheCompanionsandTabiùn(Followers,thegenerationaftertheCompanionsofthe
Prophet)explainedidletalktomeansinging.ThisistheauthenticallyreportedviewofIbnÀbbasandIbn
Masùd.Inthisregard,AbuAlSahba'said:IaskedIbnMasùdabouttheAyah: Andofmankindishewhopurchasesidle
talks(i.e.music,singing,etc.) Hesaidthrice:ByAllah,whomthereisnoGodexceptHim,idletalkissinging.Ibn
Ùmar(mayAllahbepleasedwithbothofthem)isalsoauthenticallyreportedtoexplainittomeansinging.
AlHakim
AbuAbdullahsaidthefollowingunderthechapteronTafsir(exegesisofthemeaningsoftheQur'an)ofhisbookAlMustadrak:A
studentinthisfieldshouldknowthattheexplanationofaCompanionwhowitnessedtherevelationoftheQur'anis,accordingtoAl
BukhariandMuslim,tantamounttoaHadithMusnad(aHadithwithasoundchainofnarration).Underanotherchapterofhisbook,the
sameauthorsaid:It,i.e.,theCompanion'sexplanationoftheQur'an,isthesameasaHadithtraceablebacktotheProphet(peacebe
uponhim).Althoughsubjecttocriticism,yetitshouldbegivenprioritywithregardstoitsacceptabilityovertheexplanationoflater
generations.Undoubtedly,theyaremoreknowledgeableaboutAllah'sintendedmeaninginHisBook,foritwasrevealedforthem,they
werefirsttobeaddressedtherewithandwitnesseditspracticalandverbalexplanationoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim).Moreover,
theyaretrueeloquentArabsand,therefore,theirexplanationoftheQur'an,wheneverfound,shouldnotbeoverlooked.However,
thereisnoconflictbetweenexplainingidletalktomeansingingandexplainingittomeaneventsofnonArabs,theirkings,kingsof
RomansandsuchlikestoriesthatAlNadribnAlHarithtoldthepeopleofMakkahtodivertthemfromtheQur'an.Actually,bothbelong
toidletalk.
Therefore,IbnÀbbasSaid,"Idletalkmeansfalsehoodandsinging."Infact,someCompanionsexplainedittobetheformer,others
explainedittomeanthelatterwhileothersexplainedittorefertobothofthem.Undoubtedly,singingismoreidleandharmfulthan
kingsstoriesandeventsasitisthespellofadultery,originofhypocrisy,Satan'strapandthemind'sintoxicant.Moreover,itismore
distractingfromtheQur'anthananyotherfalsespeech,forsoulsareinclinedtoanddesireitverystrongly.
Ifwhat'spreviouslymentionedisknown,thensonglistenersandloverswillhavetheirshareofsuchdispraise,althoughnotallofit,
butinproportionwiththeirdiversionfromtheQur'aninfavorofsongs.TheAyahsdispraisedthosewhoreplacetheQur'anwithidle
talkstomisleadpeoplefromthepathofAllahwithoutknowledgeandtakeit(i.e.thepathofAllahortheVersesoftheQur'an)byway
ofmockery,thosewho,whentheQur'anisrecitedturnawayinprideasiftheydonothearitorasifthereweredeafnessintheir
earsandthosewhomockAyahsoncetheyknowaboutit.Allthesepracticesarenotdoneexceptbythemostdisbelievingpeople.
However,ifsuchpracticesaredonebysingersandsonglisteners,theywillhavetheirshareofdispraiseas,infact,italwayshappens
thatallthosewhohaveinterestinsingingandlisteningtomusicalinstrumentsarepartiallymisleadfromthepathofguidance
theoreticallyandpracticallyandtheypreferlisteningto
songsoverlisteningtotheQur'an,inthesensethatiftheyaregiventheoptionwhethertolistentotheQur'anortosongstheywill
choosethelatterandwillfindthemselvesunwillingtolistentotheQur'an.Moreover,theymighttendtostopthereciteroftheQur'an
feelingthattheyhaveheardtoomuch.Whileonlisteningtoasinger,theymightaskthesingertosingmorefeelingthattheyhavenot
heardenough.Theleastjudgmentthendeservedbysuchapersonisthattheyhavetheirgoodshareof,ifnotallof,dispraise. www.ircpk.com
Adviceinthisregardcanaffectonlythoseofevenpartiallylivinghearts.Asforthoseofhardheartswhohavesunkdeeplyintosins,
thepathtoadvisingthemisblocked. AndwhomsoeverAllhwantstoputinAlFitnah[error,becauseofhisrejectingofFaith],you
candonothingforhimagainstAllh.ThosearetheoneswhoseheartsAllhdoesnotwanttopurify(fromdisbeliefandhypocrisy)
forthemthereisadisgraceinthisworld,andintheHereafteragreattorment. EndquotefromIbnulQayyim(mayAllahbemerciful
withhim).
FollowingaresomeoftheAyahsdispraisingsongsandmusicalinstruments: "Andbefoolthemgraduallythosewhomyoucanamong
themwithyourvoice(i.e.songs,music,andanyothercallforAllhsdisobedience),makeassaultsonthemwithyourcavalryand
yourinfantry,sharewiththemwealthandchildren(bytemptingthemtoearnmoneybyillegalwaysusury,orbycommittingillegal
sexualintercourse),andmakepromisestothem."ButSatanpromisesthemnothingbutdeceit. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosaid: And
thosewhodonotbearwitnesstofalsehood,andiftheypassbysomeevilplayoreviltalk,theypassbyitwithdignity. "Voice"inthe
firstAyahand"falsehood"inthesecondwereexplainedtomeansingingandmusicalinstruments.Anotherexplanationof"voice"is
anyvoicethatpropagateserrorandanotherexplanationoffalsehoodiseveryMunkar(thatwhichisunacceptableordisapprovedofby
IslamiclawandMuslimsofsoundintellect).Actually,thereisnoconflictbetweenbothexplanationsandthetwoAyahsgiveageneral
indicationthatincludesallsuchexplanations.Undoubtedly,songsandmusicalinstrumentsbelongtomostobscenefalsehoodand
representthemostabominablevoiceofSatanastheyresultinhardheartednessanddiversionfromDhikr,fromtheQur'anandfrom
allactsofworshipingeneral(aswehaveexplainedabove).
AsfortheHadithspertainingtodispraisingsongsandmusicalinstruments,theyarenumerous.Followingisoneofthemostauthentic
Hadithsinthisregard.ThehadithisrelatedbyAlBukhariinhisSahihwhich
statesthatHishamibnÀmmarsaidthatSadaqahibnKhalidtoldhimthatÀbdulRahmanibnYazidibnJabirtoldhimthatÀtiyyah
ibnQaysAlKilabytoldhimthatÀbdulRahmanibnGhanmAlAshàrysaidthatAbuÀmirorAbuMalikAlAshàrytoldhimtruthfully
thatheheardtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)saying: Verily,amongmyUmmah(nation)therewillbepeoplewhowilldeemas
lawful:Zina(adultery),silk,Khamr(alcohol)andmusicalinstruments. TheHadithexplicitlydispraisesthosewhodeemadultery,
alcoholicbeveragesandsilkaslawful.Itisalsoaclearproofthatplayingmusicalinstrumentssuchasthetambourine,lute,drumsand
thelikeisprohibited.
LinguistsunanimouslyagreedthattheArabicwordMaàzifshouldmeanmusicalinstruments.Infact,playingthemisprohibitedin
viewofthefactthatitresultsinhardheartedness,corruptionoftheheartsanddiversionfromtheQur'anandSalah(prayer).If
playingthemisaccompaniedbysinging,itbecomesmoresinfulandcorruptionbecomesmorepotentialassaidbyscholarswhose
viewswewillhighlightlater(wehavealreadymentionedsomeofthem).
ThereareothernarrationsoftheHadithreplacingadulterywithdamask,akindofsilk.MuslimscholarshaveacceptedtheHadithand
deemeditasaproofofprohibitingmusicalinstruments.However,theHadithiscriticizedbyIbnHazmandAbuTurab,followingthe
opinionofIbnHazm,claimingthatthereisalinkmissingbetweenAlBukhari(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)andhisSheikhHisham
ibnÀmmarastheformerdidnotstateexplicitlythatheheardfromthelatter.Rather,AlBukharileftthewholematterundecided.
However,IbnHazmwaswronginthisandscholarsdeniedhisopinioninthisregard,judgingittobemistaken.ThisisbecauseHisham
wasoneoftheSheikhsofAlBukhari.AlthoughAlBukharirecordedtheHadithintheformofaMuàllaqHadith(aHadithmissingalink
inthechainofnarration,reporteddirectlyfromtheProphet),heusedwordingofcertaintyandtheHadithisthusSahih(authentic)
accordingtohim.Moreover,scholarsacceptedhisbehavingassuchanddeemedasSahihtheHadithsrecordedbyhimintheformof
MuàllaqHadithsforwhichheusedwordingofcertainty.Actually,theHadithathandisoneoftheauthenticMuàllaqHadiths.
Perhaps, A lBukharididnotstateexplicitlythatheheardtheHadithdirectlyfromhissheikhashemighthaverelateditbywayof
Ijazah(authorization)orhemighthaverelateditthroughachainofnarratorsincludingsomeofhistrustworthysheikhswhichhe
omittedinanattempttobebrief.Supposingthat
thereisamissinglinkbetweenAlBukhariandHisham,therearestillotherswhorelatedtheHadithfromHishamibnÀmmarthrough
reliabletrustworthyuninterruptedchainsofnarrators.Thus,theclaimofIbnHazmandhisfollowerAbuTurabisrefutedandthetruth
becomesclearforthosewhoseekthetruth(WeseekAllah'shelp).
Dearreader,belowarethecommentsofscholarsontheHadithandtheirexplicitrefutationofIbnHazm'sclaimregardingjudgingthe
HadithasDaìf(aHadiththatfailstoreachthestatusofHasan,duetoaweaknessinthechainofnarrationoroneofthenarrators).
A lHafizIbnHajarinFathulBary,saidconcerningthisHadith,afterquotingAlZarkashy'srefutationofIbnHazm'sclaimthatthe
HadithtobeDaìf,"AsfortheclaimofIbnHazmreferredtobyAlZarkashy,itwasclaimedbeforehimbyIbnAlSalahinhisbook
ÙlumAlHadith.Hesaid:MuàllaqHadithinSahihAlBukhariaretheHadithsinwhichthechainofnarrationhasamissinglink.
AlthoughtheyapparentlybelongtothecategoryofHadithMunqati`(aHadithwithamissinglinkaftertheFollowerthegeneration
aftertheProphetsCompanions),theyarenottobejudgedasMunqatiàndmaynotbejudgedtobeoutofthescopeofSahih.
Moreover,weshouldnottakeintoconsiderationtheopinionofAbuMuhammadibnHazmAlZahiri,regardingdenyingtheHadith
relatedby A lBukhariontheauthorityofAbuÀmirandAbuMalikAlAshàrystatingthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said:
Verily,amongmyUmmah(nation)therewillbepeoplewhowilldeemaslawful:Zina,silk,Khamr(alcohol)andmusicalinstruments.
HecriticizesthatAlBukharirelateditsaying:HishamibnÀmmarsaid...mentioningthelatter'schainofnarrators.IbnHazmclaims
thatthereisamissinglinkbetweenAlBukhariandHisham.Moreover,IbnHazmthusjudgedtheHadithtobeinvalidevidenceof
prohibitingmusicalinstruments.However,IbnHazmwasmistakeninthisregardduetomanyreasons.Infact,theHadithisSahihand
isrelatedthroughotheruninterruptedchainsofnarratorsmeetingtheconditionsnecessaryforaSahihHadith.Furthermore,Al
BukharimaydosobecauseherelatedtheHadithinanotherplaceinhisBookthroughanuninterruptedchainofnarrators.Hemayalso
dosoduetootherreasonswhichmaynotnecessarilyindicateamissinglink.Endquote.
AfterquotingIbnAlS a l a h ' s statement,AlHafizIbnHajarstated:ItisanestablishedruleaccordingtoallmemorizersthatHadiths

relatedbyAlBukhariinaMuàllaqformusingwordingofcertaintyaretobeattributedauthenticallytotheonefromwhomtheHadith
isrelatedevenifheisnotoneofAlBukhari'sSheikhs.However,ifaHadithrelatedassuchisrelatedbyanothermemorizerthrough
anotheruninterruptedchainofnarrators
providedthattheconditionsnecessaryforaHadithtobeSahiharemet,therewillbenoroomforcontroversy.Therefore,I,firstofall,
dealtwithsuchatypeofHadithandcomposedabookcalled"TaghliqAlTa`liq"onthesamesubject.OurSheikhsaidinhis
commentaryon A lTirmidhy'sbookontalkingaboutHadithsciencesthattheabovequotedHadithwasrelatedfromHishamibn
ÀmmarthroughanotheruninterruptedchainofnarratorsintheMustakhrajofAlIsmaìlywhosaid:"WeweretoldbyAlHasanibn
SufyanthathewastoldbyHishamibnÀmmarthat..."ThesameHadithisalsorelatedbyAlTabaranyintheMusnadofShamites
stating:"WeweretoldbyMuhammadibnYazidibnÀbdulSamadthathewastoldbyHishamibnÀmmarthat..."Itisalsorelatedby
AbuDawudinhisSunanstating:"WeweretoldbyÀbdulWahhabibnNajdahthathewastoldbyBishribnBakrthathewastoldby
ÀbdulRahmanibnYazidibnJabir..."AbuDawud'schainofnarrators."Endquote. www.ircpk.com
ThegreatscholarIbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)afterquotingtheHadithinhisbookAlIghathahstated,"ThisHadith
isrelatedby A lBukhariinhisSahihasevidenceinaMu`llaqformbutusingwordingofcertainty.Hesaid,"Chapteronthosewho
deemalcoholicbeveragesaslawfulgivingthemothernames.HishamibnÀmmarsaidthathewastoldbySadaqahibnKhalidthathe
wastoldbyÀbdulRahmanibnYazidibnJabirthathewastoldbyÀtiyyahibnQaysAlKilabythathewastoldbyÀbdulRahmanibn
GhanmAlAshàrythathewastoldbyAbuÀmirorAbuMalikAlAshàrywho,byAllah,nevertoldmealiethatheheardthe
Prophet(peacebeuponhim)say: Verily,amongmyUmmah(nation)therewillbepeoplewhowilldeemaslawful:Zina,silk,Khamr
(alcohol)andmusicalinstruments.Andverily,somepeoplewillstaynearahighmountaintheirshepherdwillcometothemwithone
oftheirherdsintheevening,andthepoorwillcometothemforaneed,buttheywillsay,Returntoustomorrow.SoAllahwill
destroythembynightandbringdownuponthemthehighmountain,andHewilltransformothersintoapesandmonkeysuntiltheDay
ofResurrection. andhedidnotdoubttheauthenticityoftheHadithonthecontrarytoIbnHazmwhodoubteditauthenticitytosupport
hisgroundlessviewconcerningthepermissibilityofmusicalinstruments.Actually,IbnHazmclaimedtheHadithtobeMunqatiàsAl
Bukharididnotconnectthechianofnarratorstohimself.However,suchagroundlessopinioncanberefutedthroughthefollowing
aspects:
First:Itisafactthat A lBukharimetHishamibnÀmmarandheardHadithsfromhim.Thus,sayingHishamsaidsuchandsuchis
tantamounttosayingweweretoldbyHisham.
Second:A lBukhariwouldneverhavedeemeditpermissibleforhimselftousewordingofcertaintywhilereportingfromHisham
unlesshehadbeenfullycertainthatHishamhadalreadyauthenticallyreportedit.ThisoftenhappensbecauseAlBukharireportedso
manywellknownHadithsfromthatSheikh.Undoubtedly,AlBukhariisveryfarawayfrombeingMudallis(aHadithnarratorwho
providesmisleadinginformationabouthisShaykhorthechainofnarration).
Third:HeincludeditinhisbookcalledSahih(authentic)tosupportoneofhisviews.HadtheHadithnotbeenSahih,hewouldnot
havedoneso.
Fourth:HerelateditinaMuàllaqformusingwordingofcertaintynotthatofdoubt.ItisahabitofhisthathewouldsaytheProphet
(peacebeuponhim)isreportedtohavesaidsuchandsuchifheleftaHadithherelatedundecidedorifitdidnotmethisauthenticity
criteria.However,whereverhesaystheProphet(peacebeuponhim)saidsuchandsuch,thenhewascertainthattheHadithwas
authenticallytraceablebacktotheProphet.
Fifth:Leavingalltheabovefactsaside,theHadithisrelatedthroughSahihuninterruptedchainsofnarratorsbyothers.AbuDawud
undertheChapteronClothingsaid:WeweretoldbyÀbdulWahhabibnNajdahthathewastoldbyBishribnBakrthathewastoldby
ÀbdulRahmanibnYazidibnJabirthathewastoldbyÀtiyyahibnQaysthathesaidthatheheardÀbdulRahmanibnGhanmAl
AshàrysaidthathewastoldbyAbuÀmirorAbuMalik...mentioningtheHadithinanabridgedform.ItisalsorelatedbyAbuBakr
A lIsmaìlyinhisbookAlSahihintheformofaMusnadHadith(aHadithwithasoundchainofnarration).HeattributedtheHadith
decisivelytoAbuÀmirwithoutanydoubtinit.InferredfromtheHadithisthatmusicalinstrumentsareidleinstrumentsasagreed
uponbylinguists.Weretheypermissible,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)wouldnotdispraisedeemingthemlawfulandwouldnot
connectdeemingthemlawfultodeemingalcoholandadultery(ordamaskbasedonthedifferenceofthewordingoftheHadith'stwo
narrations)lawful.Actually,damasktheCompanionsauthenticallyreportedtohavewornisnotthekindthatisdispraisedintheHadith
asdamaskisoftwokindsonemadeofsilkandanothermadeofwool.
Moreover,IbnMajahinhisSunansaid:ÀbdullahibnSaìdtoldhimthatMuàwiyahibnSalihtoldhimthatHatimibnHuraythtoldhim
thatIbnAbuMaryamtoldhimthatÀbdulRahmanibnGhanam
A lAshàrytoldhimthatAbuMalikAlAshàry(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sMessenger(peacebeuponhim)to
havesaid: Verily,peoplefrommyUmmah(nation)shalldrinkKhamr(alcohol),callingitbyanameotherthanitstruename.Stringed
instrumentsandsongstresseswillbeplayedabovetheirheads.Allahwillcausetheearthtoswallowthemandmakeofthemapesand
pigs. Thisisatrustworthychainofnarrators.InferredfromtheHadithisthatAllahthreatenedthosewhodeemmusicalinstruments
lawfultocausetheearthtoswallowthemandturnthemintoapesandpigs.Althoughtheyarethreatenedfordoingalltheseactsin
total,eachacthasitsshareofdispraiseandthreat.Tothesameeffect,manyHadithswerereportedontheauthorityofCompanions
suchasSahlibnSa`dAlSaìdy,ÌmranibnHusayn,ÀbdullahibnÀmr,ÀbdullahibnÀbbas,AbuHurayrah,AbuUmamahAl
Bahily,À'ishah,themotherofthebelievers,ÀlyibnAbuTalib,AnasibnMalik,ÀbdulRahmanibnSabitandAlGhazyibnRabiàh.
WewillquotetheseHadithssothatthepeopleoftheQur'anwillfeeldelightedtherewithandsothatthepeopleofSatan'ssingingwill
feeldisappointed.Hethenquotedthemall."
Hadnotitbeenforthesakeofbriefing,Iwouldalsoquotethemforyou,dearreader.However,Ireferthosewhowanttoreadthem
tothebookofAlIghathsothattheymayfeeldelightedandcomfortable.Beingsomanyandofvariablechainsofnarrators,they
constituteclearproofandirrefutableevidenceofprohibitinganddislikingsongsandmusicalinstruments.Theyarealsotobeaddedto
theAyahsquotedaboveandHadithsindicatingprohibitingsongsandmusicalinstruments.Furthermore,allofthemindicatethatusing
suchthingsandbeingoccupiedtherewitharemeansleadingtoAllah'swrathandpunishment,togoingastrayandtoleadingothers
astrayfromAllah'spath(weaskAllahtoprotectusandallMuslimsagainstthesethingsandtomakeussafefromfallinginto
misleadingtemptations,forinfactHeistheOnecapableofdoingso!)
Asfortheopinionsofscholarsonsongsandmusicalinstruments,includingCompanionsandthosewhofollowedthemingood,there
aremanyopinionsrecorded(wehavealreadyquotedsomeofthem).However,belowaresomemorewhichwequoteascompletion
andsupportoftheopinionsquotedabove.MayAllahgrantussuccess!
ItisrelatedbyÀlyibnAlJa`dandothersthatÀbdullahibnMasùd(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)said: Singingproduces
hypocrisyintheheartaswaternurturesgrass. ThesameHadithistraceablebacktotheProphet
(peacebeuponhim).However,itismorereliablyknowntobethespeechofIbnMasùd(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim).
ThegreatscholarIbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)inhisbookAlIghatah,afterquotingthetraditionmentionedabove,
commented,"Aquestionmayarise:whyfromamongallsinsshouldsingingproducehypocrisyinparticular?
Theansweris:ItisaclearindicationoftheCompanionsunderstandingofthestateoftheheartandactionsandknowledgeabout
heartdiseasesandcures.Italsoindicatesthattheyaretruespiritualreformersincontrarytothosewhodeviatedfromtheirwayand
triedtoreformheartsbythegreatestdisease.Bydoingso,itwasasiftheyweretryingtohealdiseasesbypoison.Thisisexactly www.ircpk.com
whattheydidthroughmanyormostofmedicinestheyproduced.Thus,coincidenceofscarcityofdoctorsandmultitudeofpatients
resultedinmanydiseasesthatwereneversufferedfrombytheSalaf(righteouspredecessors).Italsoresultedinapatient'srefusalof
thebeneficialmedicineprovidedbytheLawGiverandacceptanceofthingsthathavetheeffectofmakingthediseaseseverer.
Therefore,calamityspread,evilbecameaggravated,houses,streetsandmarketsbecamefullofpatientsandignorantpeoplebecame
doctors.
www.ircpk.com

Therefore,knowthatsongshaveparticularcharacteristicsthatsproutstheheartwithhypocrisycausingjustaswatersproutsplants.
Amongthequalitiesofsongsare:
theydistracttheheartandpreventitfromcontemplatingon,understanding,andactinginaccordancewith
theQuran.ThisisbecausetheQuranandsongscannevercoexistinoneheart,sincetheyarecontradictory
toeachother.Infact,theQuranforbidspursuingvanities,ordainschastity,avoidinglustsandreasons
leadingtoerrorandprohibitsfollowingthestepsofSatan.Songs,ontheotherhand,encouragethevery
oppositeofthesevirtues.Singingexciteshiddenlustfuldesiresandenticepeopletodoobsceneacts.Italso
encouragesunlawfulbisexualandhomosexualrelationships.Itseffectisidenticallylikethatofwine,inthat
bothstiruplusts.Infact,singingislikeabrother,deputy,allyandintimatefriendofwine,betweenwhom
Satanconcludedthecovenantofunsolvablecorrelation.Moreover,itcanbedescribedasheart'sspy,ardency
stealerandmindlicorice.Toclarify,itpenetratesheartpassagestoreachheartsecretsandthenoccupiesthe
imaginationfacultyfromwhereitgetsoutwhims,desires,vanities,flatness,frivolity,
,levityandfoolsihness.Youmayseeamanappearingtobefullofdignity,wisom,delightoffaith,solemnity
ofIslamandbeautyoftheQur'anbutoncehelistenstosongs,hismindisdisturbed,diffidencefadesaway,
virilitydwindles,delightvanishes,composurediesaway,Satanbecomeshappy,faithcomplainsabouthimto
AllahandtheQur'anbecomesinaccessiblewhichthus,supplicatesAllah(ExaltedbeHe)nottomakeit
coexistinoneheartwiththeQur'anofAllah'senemy.
Themanthendeemsgoodwhathehaddeemedbadbeforelisteningtosongsandstartstodisclosethe
innersecretsofthesoul.Staidnessandcalmnessarethenreplacedbygossip,lying,ecstasy,andcrackling
fingers.Themanthenswingshishead,shakeshisshoulders,beatsthegroundwithhisfeet,strikeshis
head,leapslikefliesandturnslikeabeastmovingacartwheel.Hethenstartstoclaphandsaswomendo.
Suchamanmaysometimesmoanoutofsadnessandsometimescrylikeamadperson.Anexpertfrom
amongsuchlistenerswastruthfulwhenhesiad:
Doyourememberthenight listeningtogoodsongsuntil
whenwegathered morning?
Whenthecupofsongswas andwewereintoxicated
distributedamongus withoutdrinking.
wefeltnothingbuttheecstasy fullofjoythatspreadoutthere.
Whenacallertodesires(singer) vanitysoonbecomeswillingto
shoutsout comein.
Wethenhavenothingbutour tosacrificeforthesakeofeyes
souls ofthebeautiful.
Somepiousmensaid,"Listeningtosongscausessomepeopletobehypocrites,otherstobestubborn,
otherstobeliars,otherstobeselfindulgentandotherstobefrivolous."
Themostlikelyeffectofsongsislovingimageryanddeeminglewdnessgood.Moreover,beingaddictedtoit
makesrecitingandspecificallylisteningtotheQur'anunfavorabletothehearts.Ifthisisnothypocrisy,what
thenshouldhypocrisybe?
Tofurtherclarifythisissue,singingistheQur'anofSatan,aswewillmentionlater,andthus,itmaynever
coexistwiththeQur'aninoneheart.Moreover,theessenceofhypocrisyisthatsomeone'sapparentpractices
differfromhisinnerintention.Thepracticesofaloverofsongsmayfallwithinnomorethantwocategories
eitherbebrazenfaced,inwhichacasehewillbeanopenprofligate,orpretendtobepious,inwhichacase
hewillbeahypocrite.Inthesecondcase,suchapersonwillshowloveforAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andhoping
theLastDaywhilehisheartisfullofdesiresandloveofthingsdislikedbyAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andHis
Messenger(peacebeuponhim),includingthesoundsmadebymusicalinstrumentsandotherthingsexcited
bysongs.Theheartofsuchapersonwill,infact,beoccupiedbysuchbadthingsandvoidoflovingthings
thatarelovedbyAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andhisMessenger(peacebeuponhim),whichreflectspure
hypocrisy.
Furthermore,beliefconsistsofverbalexpressionandpractice,i.e.pronouncingthetruthandactingin
obediencetoAllah(ExaltedbeHe).ThisnotionmayonlyresultfromDhikr(RemembranceofAllah)and
recitationoftheQur'an.Ontheotherhand,hypocrisyconsistsofsayingfalsehoodanddoingbaddeeds
whichmayresultfromsongs.
Besides,signsofhypocrisyaresayingDhikrscarcely,lazinesstocomeandofferSalah(Prayer)and
performingSalahsoquickly,whicharethemostlikelycharacteristicsofallloversofsongs.
Inaddition,hypocrisyisbasedonlyingandsingingconsiststhemostlyingpoetryasitbeautifiestheugly, www.ircpk.com
ornamentsitandurgetoreachit.Ontheotherhand,ituglifiesthebeautifulanddiscouragesfromdoingit.
Surely,thisisthetrueessenceofhypocrisy.
Tothesameeffect,songsarebasedoncheating,deceptionandillusionwhichconstitutetheessenceof
hypocrisy.
Inthesameregard,ahypocritecorruptswhenhethinkshereformsasAllah(ExaltedbeHe)toldusso
abouthypocrites.Likewise,thosewholistentosongscorrupttheirheartsandsoulswhilethinkingthatthey
arereformingthem.Similarly,asingerinvadestheheartswiththetrialofdesires,whereasahypocrite
invadesthemwiththetrialof
doubts.AlDahhaksaid,"SingingcorruptstheheartanddispleasestheLord."
Moreover,ÙmaribnÀbdulÀzizsentalettertohisson'stutorstating,"Thefirstthingyoushouldteachthem
tobelieveinishatingmusicalinstrumentswhichareencouragedbySatanandleadtoAllah'swrath.Iwas
informedbytrustworthyknowledgeablepeoplethatsoundsproducedbymusicalinstruments,listeningto
songsandhummingtherewithgrowshypocrisyinheartjustaswatergrowsgrass."
Thus,singingcorruptstheheart,which,oncecorrupted,becomesafertilelandforhypocrisy.
Intotal,farsightedpeoplewhothinkdeeplyhowthosewholistentosongsareandhowthepeopleofthe
Qur'anarewilleasilyfindouthowknowledgeablearetheCompanionsaboutthemaladiesandmedicinesof
theheart.MayAllahgrantussuccess!
Furthermore,IbnAlQayyiminanotherplaceofhisbookAlIghathahsaid,"ImamAbuBakrAlTartushy,oneofthe
greatMalikischolars,statedintheintroductiontohisbookaboutprohibitinglisteningtosongs:
PraisebetoAllahtheLordoftheworldsandtheconsequenceisthatofthepiousandnoaggressionexcept
ontheoppressors.WeaskAllahtoshowusthetruthandhelpustofollowit,andtoshowusfalsehoodand
helpustoavoidit.Inthepast,peoplewhowouldcommitsinswouldhidefrompeopleandthenaskAllah's
forgivenessandrepenttoHim.Duetotheincreaseofignoranceanddecreaseofknowledge,mattersbecame
soinvertedthatpeoplecametocommitsinsinpublic.Itbecameworsetotheextentthatweheardthat
someMuslimbrothers,mayAllahguidebothofus,areoverpoweredbySatanwhoenticedthemtolove
songsandlistentocracklingfingersandwhistlingbelievingittobeapartofreligionbringingthemcloserto
Allah.Moreover,agroupofMuslimspracticeditinpublicandthusforsakethebelieverspathandran
countertoscholarsandreligiousleaders. AndwhoevercontradictsandopposestheMessenger(Muhammad
)aftertherightpathhasbeenshownclearlytohim,andfollowsotherthanthebelieversway,Weshallkeephiminthepathhe
haschosen,andburnhiminHellwhatanevildestination! Iconsidered,thus,itpropertoclarifythetruthandrefute
theclaimsoffalsifiersthroughevidenceimpliedintheQur'anandtheSunnah.Iwillbeginwithmentioning
opinionsofthosescholarsworthyofbeingasked
forfatwainallpartsoftheearth,sothatsuchagroupofpeoplemayknowthattheyrancountertoMuslim
scholarsthroughcommittingsuchacts.MayAllahgrantussuccess!
Hethenadded,"AsforMalik,heprohibitssingingandlisteningthereto.Heevenviewsthatifamanbuysa
slavegirlandfindsherasinger,hehasthechoicetoreturnhertothesellerforbeingdefective.Malik(may
Allahbemercifulwithhim)wasalsoonceaskedaboutthekindofsongsdeemedlawfulbythepeopleof
Madinah,towhichhereplied,"It(singing)ispracticedonlyherebythelewds."Headded:
AsforAbuHanifah,Hehatessingingandconsidersitasin.Thesameappliesfortheunanimouslyagreedupon
viewoftheKufah'ascholars,includingSufyan,Hammad,Ibrahim,A lSha`byandothers.Wealsoknowno
disagreementamongtheBasrascholarsinthisregard."EndquotefromAlTartushy.
Mycommentisthatbythegroupthatlovedsingingandconsidereditapartofreligionbringingthemcloser
toAllah(ExaltedbeHe)hemeantagroupofSufis.TheyinnovatedtheBidàh(innovationinreligion)of
listeningtosongsclaimingthatitmakesthemmoreactiveindoingactsofworshipandtryingtogetcloser
toAllah(ExaltedbeHe)throughallactsofworship.Actually,scholarsoftheirtimedeniedtheirbehavior
doingtheirbesttoadvisethem.Moreover,scholarsoftruthareunanimousthatactsinnovatedbysucha
groupconstituteanabhorredBidàh.Therefore,AlTartushycomposedtheabovereferredtobooktorefute
theirfalsebeliefs.
Hence,readersshouldknowthosewhoarefondoflisteningtosongsandmusicalinstrumentsaredivided
intotwocategories:
Thefirstcategory:considereditapartofreligionandanactofworship.Thisgroupismoreevil,sinful
anddangerousthantheothergroupastheyinnovatedinthereligionsomethingforwhichAllah(Exaltedbe
He)gavenopermission.Itisverystrangethattheymadesingingandmusicalinstruments,whicharetools
ofprofligacyanddisobedience,toareligiousriteseekingittobringthemclosertoAllah(ExaltedbeHe).
Thesecondcategory:consideredsingingandmusicalinstrumentsasmeansofamusementsothatthey
mighthavesomefunafterhardworldlywork.However,theyaremistakenfordoingsoandonthevergeof
agreatdangerofgoingastrayandleadingothersastray.Nevertheless,theyarelesssinfulthanthefirst www.ircpk.com
categoryastheydidnotconsiderdoingsotobeareligiousritualoranactofworship.Theywereonly
amusingthemselvesandhavingfun.Anyway,scholarsexplicitlyprohibitandrefusebothcategories.The
greatscholarIbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim),afterquotingtheabovementionedstatementof
AlTartushy,stated,
"MycommentisthattheviewofAbuHanifahinthisregardisthemoststrictfromamongallotherviews.
Moreover,hisdisciplesexplicitlyprohibitedlisteningtosuchmusicalinstrumentsasreedpipesand
tambourinesandevenflutes.Theyjudgedittobeasinwhosecommittershouldbedeemedprofligateand
histestimonyshouldbeunacceptable.Morestrictly,theyevensaidthatlisteningtosingingdenotesFisq
(flagrantviolationofIslamiclaw)whilehavingpleasurewherefromdenotesdisbelief.Tothiseffect,they
reportedaHadithwhichisnotauthenticallytraceablebacktotheProphet(peacebeuponhim).Theyfurther
arguedthatoneshoulddoone'sbesttoavoidlisteningtheretooncehepassesbyitorhearsitinhis
proximity.
Inthisregard,AbuYusufsaidregardingahousefromwhichthevoiceofmusicalinstrumentsisheard,"You
shouldenterthereinwithoutseekingpermissionbecauseforbiddingevilisobligatory.Ifenteringtherein
withoutseekingpermissionisimpermissible,peoplewouldnotbeabletodotheobligation.Scholarsfurther
viewthatsuchacaseshouldbebroughtbeforetherulerifsuchvoicescomeoutofsuchahouse.Ifthe
ownerofthehouseinsists,heshouldbejailed,whippedorevendismissedfromhishouse."
AsforAlShafi`y,hesaidinhisbookAdabulQada',"Singingisanabhorredpastimethatresemblesfalsehood
andillusion.Thetestimonyofanyonewhofrequentlylistenstheretoisunacceptableinviewofbeingidiotic."
A lShafi`y'sdisciples,likejudgeAbuAlTayyibAlTabary,SheikAbuIshaqandIbnAlSabbaghprohibited
alsosingingandrefusedtheopinionofthosewhoclaimedtohavedeemeditpermissible
SheikhAbuIshaqinhisbookAlTanbihsaidexpressingaunanimousagreement,"Itisimpermissibletolease
aprohibitedyieldsuchassinging,blowingpipesandservingwine."HealsosaidinAlMuhadhdhab,"Itis
impermissibletoleaseaprohibitedyieldsuchassinging.Beingprohibited,nomoneymaybetakeninreturn
forit,inwhichcaseitwillbetantamounttodeadanimalsandblood."
TheSheikh'sstatementsimpliedthefollowingfacts:
First:Theyieldofsinginginitselfisprohibited.
Second:Leasingsuchayieldisnullandvoid.
Third:Takingmoneyinreturnforitisimpermissibleasitistantamounttoreceivingmoneyinreturnfor
deadanimalsandblood.
Fourth:Amanmaynotgivehismoneytoasingerasitstandsforpayingmoneyforsomethingprohibited
andthuswillbeequaltopayingmoneyforbloodandfleshofdeadanimals.
Fifth:Blowingpipesisimpermissible.Beingtheleastharmfulmusicalinstrument,thecaseshouldthenbe
morestrictwithsuchinstrumentsastabor,tambourineandflute.Actually,onewhohastheleastamountof
knowledgeshouldnotrefrainfromdeemingitunlawful,foritisleastdescribedaslovers'anddrunkards'
slogan.
Likewise,AbuZakariyyaAlNawawysaidinhisbookAlRawdah,
"Thesecondcategory:Tosingaccompaniedbymusicalinstrumentsplayedwhichrepresentstheslogan
ofadrunkardsuchastambourine,lute,crymbalandothermusicalinstruments.Actually,bothplayingand
listeningtosuchinstrumentsisimpermissible.Headdedthattherearetwoconflictingopinionsonwhether
fluteispermissible.However,AlBaghawyoutweighedimpermissibility.Nevertheless,hequotedAlGhazalyas
deemingitpermissible.Infact,thesoundopinionisthatfluteisprohibited.Moreover,AbuAlQasimAlDawla`y
composedabookonprohibitingflutes.
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Besides,AbuÀmribnAlSalahclaimedaunanimousagreementontheimpermissibilityoflisteningtoacombinationoftambourine,
flute,andsingingsounds.InhisFatawahesaid,"Asfordeeminglisteningtosongspermissible,itshouldbeknownthatlisteningtoa
combinationoftambourine,fluteandsingingsoundsisimpermissibleaccordingtotheImamsofthefourMadhhabs(Schoolsof
Jurisprudence)aswellasotherMuslimscholars.Actually,itwasnotproventhatanyofthescholarswhoareknownfortheir
considerableopinion,asfarasconsensusanddisputeisconcerned,judgedlisteningtosuchsoundstobepermissible.However,some
o f A lShafi`y'sdisciplesarereportedtohavedifferedonthepermissibilityofthesoundofflutealoneandthatoftambourinealone.
Therefore,thosewithweakmentalfacultiesmightthinkthatShafiìscholarsdifferedregardinglisteningtoacombinationofsounds
madebysuchinstruments.However,thinkingassuchisafatalerrorasitleadstobadconsequencesdenouncedbyShar`y(Islamic
legal)andrationalevidenceasdifferencesofopinionmaynot,inallcase,beareliablebaseforaction.Actually,ifsomeonepursues
areasofdifferenceamongscholarstargetingallnonstrictviews,suchapersonwillbeonthevergeofheterodoxy.Moreover,their
claimthatlisteningtosongsisanactofworshiprunscountertotheconsensusofMuslims,hewhoconflictswithwhichwillbeliableto
punishmentprovidedforinthefollowingAyah(Qur'anicverse): AndwhoevercontradictsandopposestheMessenger(Muhammad
)aftertherightpathhasbeenshownclearlytohim,andfollowsotherthanthebelieversway,Weshallkeephim
inthepathhehaschosen,andburnhiminHellwhatanevildestination! Theauthor,infact,spokeinlengthabouttherefutationof
bothcategorieswhocausedagreattrialforMuslims:thefirstwhodeemedlawfulwhatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)prohibited
andthesecondwhotriedtodrawclosertoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)throughactsthataremorelikelyaptto
divertthemfromHim.Actually,AlShafi`y,hisdisciples,andfollowersofhisMadhhabexpressedthemoststrict
statementsinthisregard. A lShafi`yisauthenticallyreportedassaying,"IhavewitnessedwhileinBaghdad
somepracticeinnovatedbyhereticswhichtheycallTaghbir.Bydoingso,theyaimatdivertingpeoplefrom
theQur'an."WenoticethatAlShafi`ydescribedTaghbir,whichisakindofpoetryaimingatarousing
people'sdislikeforworldlypleasurewhichissungbyasingerwhileaccompaniedbyamelodioustone
producedbybeatingacaneagainstacushion,asdrivingpeopleawayfromtheQur'an.Youcanimagineto
whatextentwillhebemorestrictregardinglisteningtosomethingincomparabletoTaghbirwhichcontains
allsortsofcorruptionsandprohibitions.Indeed,AllahistheprotectorofHisreligionagainstallintrigued
learnedpersonsandignorantworshippers.
Tothiseffect,SufyanibnÙyaynahsaid,"BewareoftheFitnah(trial)ofadissolutelearnedmanandthatofan
ignorantworshipper.Actually,theirFitnahisappealingtothoseintrigued.Ifonecontemplatesonthe
corruptionbefallingtheUmmah,onewillfinditcausedbybothcategories."
AsfortheviewofImamAhmad,hissonÀbdullahsaid,"Ionceaskedmyfatheraboutsinging.Hereplied,
'Singingproduceshypocrisyintheheart.Thus,Idonotlikeit.'HethenquotedthestatementofMalik,'Itis
practicedherebytheobsceneonly.'"Àbdullahadded,"Iheardmyfathersay,'IheardYahyaAlQattansay:If
someone,regardingareasofdifferenceofopinion,actedinaccordancewithallnonstrictviews,e.g.the
viewoftheKufascholarsonvermouth,theviewoftheMadinahscholarsonlisteningtosongsandtheviewof
theMakkahscholarsonMutàh(temporarymarriage),hewillbeaflagrantviolatorofIslamiclaw.
Furthermore,Ahmadsaid:SulaymanAlTaymysaid,"Ifyouactedonthenonstrictviewormistakeofevery
scholar,youwillcombineallaspectsofevil."Healsogavethefatwathatmusicalinstrumentssuchas
tambourineorthelikeshouldbebrokenonceseenexposedwhenitisfeasibletobreakthem.Therearealso
twoconflictingnarrationsfromhimregardingwhethermusicalinstrumentsshouldbebrokenifseenhidden
underclothes.Regardingtheissueofsomeorphanswhoinheritedasongstressslavegirlandwishtosell
her,heviewedthatsheshouldbesoldasnaive.Hewasarguedthattheslavegirlequals20000ormoreif
soldasasongstressand2000orlessifsoldasnaive.However,heinsistedthatsheshouldbesoldonlyas
naive.Hadtherevenueofsingingbeenlawful,hewouldnothaveletorphanslosesuchalargesumof
money.AsforlisteningtothesingingofanonMahram(spouseorunmarriageablerelative)orofa
beardlessperson,itisoneofthegreatestsinsandmostlikelytocorruptone'sfaith.
Inthisregard,AlShafi`y(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)said,"Iftheownerofaslavegirl
gatherspeopletolistentoher,hewillbejudgedtobeanidiotwhosetestimonyisunacceptable.AlShafi`y
wasverystrictinthisregardthathejudgedonewhodoessotobeaweakman.
ThejudgeAbuAlTayyibsaid,"Theownerisjudgedtobeanidiotashecalledpeopletofalsehood.Actually,
onewhocallspeopletofalsehoodisconsideredanidiotandevenaprofligate."Headded:AlShafi`ydisliked
Taghbir(amusicaltonemadebybeatingacaneagainstahardobject)criticizingitasbeinginnovatedby
hereticstodivertpeoplefromtheQur'an.Headded,"Asforlute,tambourineandothermusicalinstruments,
theyareprohibitedandthosewhousuallylistentothemareprofligate.Undoubtedly,followingtheviewof
Muslimscholarsintotalisbetterthanfollowingtheviewoftwopersonsobjectofdoubt."Bythetwopersons
objectofdoubthemeansIbrahimIbnSa`dandÙbaydullahIbnAlHassan.Heoncesaid,"Allscholarsare
unanimousregardingtheimpermissibilityofsingingexceptfortwomen,IbrahimIbnSa`dwhomAlSajy
consideredtobeunobjectionable,andÙbaydullahIbnAlHasanAlÀnbary,Basra'sjudge,whosereliabilityisan
objectofdoubt.EndquotefromIbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim).
Moreover,AlQurtubyinhisTafsir(exegesisoftheQur'an)quotedAlTabaryasstating,"Scholarsofallcountries
areunanimousthatsingingisabhorredandforbidden.AnexceptiontothisconsensusisIbrahimIbnSa`dand www.ircpk.com
ÙbaydullahAlÀnbray."Endquote.MycommentisthatIbrahimIbnSa`dandÙbaydullahIbnAlHassanAlÀnbrayare
trustworthyscholarsbelongingtothethirdgeneration.Perhaps,thekindoflisteningdeemedpermissibleby
themislisteningforshortperiodstosongsthatarousedislikeforworldlypleasureandawakensdesiresfor
theHereafter.However,itmayneverbeunderstoodthattheydeemedlisteningtounlawfulsongs
permissible.ThesameappliestotheviewreportedfromÀbdullahIbnJa`farIbnAbuTalib(mayAllahbepleased
withhim)totheeffectthathelistenedtosongsandboughtsongstressslavegirls.Thisshouldalsobe
understoodtorefertoasmallamountoflisteningthatmaynotdivertfromtruthorleadtofalsehood.
Nevertheless,IbnÙmarandAlHassanAlBasrydeniedhimsuchbehavior.
Itiswellknowntoallknowledgeableandbelievingpeoplethattruthismoreworthyofbeingfollowedand
thatitisimpermissibletoruncountertotheconsensusofscholarsfollowingirregularviewswhilerelyingon
noevidence.Rather,thoseirregularviewsshouldbeunderstoodinthebestpossiblecontextsiftheirholders
areworthyofourtrustbeingfamousforpietyandfaith.
Ihavealreadyquotedforyou,dearreader,theviewofSulaymanAlTaymystating,"Ifyouactedonthenon
strictviewormistakeofeveryscholar,youwillcombineallaspectsofevil."
InhisTafsir,AlQurtubystated,"AbuAlFarajsaid:
A lQaffalafellowMaliki,said:Thetestimonyofasingerordancerisunacceptable.Mycommentisthatonce
singingisprovedtobeimpermissible,itwillbealsoimpermissibletoreceiveawageforit.However,Ibn
ÀbdulBarclaimedaconsensusontheimpermissibilityofreceivingawagefordoingso."EndquotefromAl
Qurtuby.
Sofar,IhavefinishedallthatIcansayontheissue,i.e.singingandmusicalinstruments.Infact,ifwe
pursuealltheHadith,traditionsandopinionsofscholarsontheissue,wewilltalktoomuch.However,the
abovementionedquotationsaresufficientasconvincingevidenceforthosewhoseekthetruth.
Asforthosewhoinsistonfollowingwhims,wewillstandhelpless.WeaskAllahtoguideusandallMuslims
tothatwhichpleasesHimandtobesafefromallreasonsleadingtoHiswrathandpunishment.Weseek
Allah'srefugefromtheevilsofourselvesandourbaddeeds.MyadvicetoAbuTurabandallthosefondof
songsandmusicalinstrumentstofearAllah,repenttoHimandtoreturntotruth,for,indeed,returningto
truthisavirtueandpersistenceinerrorisvice.Hadnotweaimedatbriefing,wewouldhavedrawn
attentiontoallmistakesmadebyAbuTurabinhisarticle.However,farsightedpersonscaneasilyfindsuch
mistakesthroughtheabovementionedfacts.WeseekAllah'shelpandrelyonHim.Thereisnomightor
powerexceptwithAllah.AllahissufficientforusandtheBestofthoseonwhomtodepend.Maypeaceand
blessingsbeuponourProphetMuhammad,hisfamilyandCompanions.
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Therulingonsingingandthegatheringofpeopletolisten
tomusicalinstrumentsandsongs.
TwoquestionssubmittedtoHisEminence,SheikhÀbdulÀzizibnBazwithregardtotherulingonsinging.
Theyare:
Q1:Whatistherulingonsongs?AretheyHaram(prohibited)ornot?NotethatIonlylisten
tothemforamusement.
AndwhatistherulingonplayingtheinstrumentofRababaandlisteningtooldsongs?
IsplayingthedrumsatweddingsHaramalthoughIheardthatthereisnothingwrongwith
that?
MayAllahrewardyouandleadyoutotherightpath!
Theanswer:ListeningtosongsisHaramandaMunkar(thatwhichisunacceptableor
disapprovedofbyIslamiclawandMuslimsofsoundintellect).Itisacauseofheartlessness
thatultimatelydivertsmanfromDhikr(RemembranceofAllah)andperformingSalah
(Prayer).ManyscholarsexplainAllah'ssaying: Andofmankindishewhopurchasesidletalks(i.e.music,singing,
etc.) tomeansinging.ÀbdullahibnMasùd(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)usedtoswearthatthe
idletalkherereferstosinging.Yet,itisevenmoredetestableifsingingisaccompaniedwitha
musicalinstrument,suchasrababahi.e.Arabfiddle,lute,violin,anddrums.Somescholars
statethatsingingaccompaniedwithmusicalinstrumentsisunanimouslyforbidden.
Hence,itisobligatorytobewareofthat.ItisauthenticallyreportedthattheMessengerof
Allah(peacebeuponhim)said, Verily,amongmyUmmah(nation)therewillbepeoplewhowilldeemaslawful:Al
Hir,wearingsilk[formen],Khamr(alcohol),andmusicalinstruments. AlHirreferstoadultry.
IadviseyouandeveryoneelsetolistentotheHolyQur'anradiostationandNurÀlaAlDarb
(Lightontheway)program.Theypresentgreatbenefitinsteadoflisteningtosongsand
musicalinstruments.
Asforweddingparties,itispermissibletostriketambourinesinthemaccompaniedwith
respectfulsingingfreefromcallingtounlawfulactsorpraisingimpermissiblemattersforthe
gatheringsofwomeninordertoannouncemarriageanddistinguishitfromillegitimate
relations,asreportedfromtheProphet(peacebeuponhim).
Asfordrums,itisnotpermissibletousetheminweddings.Onlyatambourineispermissible.
Furthermore,loudspeakersarenotpermittedinweddingsandsoaretheprohibitedsongs
usuallyplayed,becausetheyentailgreatFitnah(temptation)andbadconsequencesaswellas
harmingMuslims.Itshouldbenotedthatashorttimeisenoughfordeclaringmarriage.
Indeed,wastingalotoftimeinweddingsleadstomissingFajr(Dawn)Prayer,whichisoneof
theworstabominationsandactsofhypocrites.
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Q2:Whatistherulingonpeople'sgatheringstolistentomusicalinstrumentssuchasthelute,
thevoilin,thedrumsandotherinstrumentswhichareusuallyaccompaniedbysinging?Please
notethattheyclaimwhattheydoispermissible.
Theanswer:TheAyahs(Qur'anicverses)oftheQur'anandthePropheticHadithsemphatically
dispraisesongsandmusicalinstrumentsandwarnagainstthem.Furthermore,theQur'an
mentionsthatusingsuchinstrumentsisameanstomisguidanceandmockeryofAllah'sAyahs.
Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: Andofmankindishewhopurchasesidletalks(i.e.music,singing,etc.)tomislead(men)
fromthePathofAllhwithoutknowledge,andtakesit(thePathofAllh,ortheVersesoftheQurn)bywayofmockery.Forsuch
therewillbeahumiliatingtorment(intheHellfire).
Themajorityofscholarsexplainedthatidletalksreferstosongsandmusicalinstrumentsand
everysoundthatdivertsfromthepathofAllah(ExaltedbeHe).Itisauthenticallyreported
thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: Verily,amongmyUmmah(nation)therewillbepeoplewhowilldeem
aslawful:Zinai.e.illicitsexualintercourse,silk,Khamr(alcohol)andmusicalinstruments.
TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said:Attheendofthetime,thepeoplewillmakeitlawfulastheymakewine,adultery,andsilk
Thisisoneofthesignsofhisprophethood(peacebeuponhim),asallthathesaidreally
lawful.
cametrue.TheaforementionedHadithisclearindispraisingsingingandthosewhoregardit
aslawful.ItalsodispraisesthosewhoconsideritacceptabletodrinkKhamrandcommitZina.
TherearemanyAyahsandHadithsagainstsongsandmusicalinstruments.
WhoeverclaimsthatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)madeitpermissibletolistentosongsandmusical
instruments,hasignorantlytoldliesagainstAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andcommittedoneofthe
ugliestabominations.MayAllahsaveourheartsfromfollowingvaindesiresandSatan.
ItisevenworsetoclaimthatlisteningtosongsisMustahab(desirable).Thisreflectsutter
ignoranceofAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andHisDin(religion).Thus,theyfalselyascribeliestoHis
Shariàh.ItisindeedMustahabtoplaythetambourineduringweddingsforwomenonlyto
publicizemarriageanddistinguishitfromZina.Moreover,thereisnoharminsingingsome
songsthatarefamiliartowomenonoccasionswhichdonotincludeanyunlawfulwordsor
forsakinganobligation.Thisshouldhappeninwomen'splaceswhichareisolatedfrommen's
inordertoavoidintermixingbetweenbothsexesandwithoutbotheringtheneighborswith
loudspeakers,becausethisisawrongfulact.Similarly,itisimpermissibleforwomenin
weddingstouseanymusicalinstrumentsotherthanthetambourine,suchasthelute,the
violin,ortherabab,asthisisMunkar(thatwhichisunacceptableordisapprovedofbyIslamic
lawandMuslimsofsoundintellect)andtheyareonlypermittedtousethetambourine.
Menarenotallowedtouseorplayanymusicalinstrumentswhetherinweddingpartiesoron
otheroccasions.Rather,theyareonlypermittedtotrainonweaponsofwarsuchasarchery,
ridinghorses,andcompetinginthatfieldinadditiontoothermeansofwar,suchas
trainingonusingspears,tanks,planes,canons,automaticrifles,bombs,andallmattersthat
helpservethepurposeofJihad(fighting/strivingintheCauseofAllah).
MayAllahsetrighttheaffairsofMuslims,grantthemgoodcomprehensionoftheirreligion
andlearningwhathelptheminJihadagainsttheirenemiesandprotectionoftheircountries.
HeisAllHearerandresponsive!
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Songs:Islamicviewpoint
IhavereadwhatsomelocalnewspublishedaboutthecallthattheSaudinationalradiostationshould
broadcastsongsfromthemostfamousmaleandfemalesingersfollowingtheexampleoftheJewsandtheir
likes.TheyclaimthatthispracticewouldattractlistenerswhoarefondofsingingtotheSaudinationalradio
stationinsteadoflisteningtootherradiostations.IhavealsoreadthereplytothiscallwrittenbyShaykh
ÀbdulMalikibnIbrahimandShaykhHasanibnÀbdullahandanotherwriterwhorefusedtomentionhisname.They
repliedtothisfoolishcall,maliciousidea,anddeviantdesirethatincursAllah'sWrath.MayAllahreward
thosewhodefendAlHaqq(theTruth)withthebestreward,andguidethosewhodeviatedfromHisPath
andprotectMuslimsfromthisevilandFitnah(temptation).
Dearreader,theradiostationisitselfadoubleedgedmediumthatyoucoulduseeitherforyourownbenefit
orinharmpurposes.
Undoubtedly,itisobligatorybyIslamiclawandreasonthatthismeansshouldbeawaytotheguidanceof
theUmmah(nation)inreligiousandworldlymatters.Itisabsolutelyimpermissibletobecomeameansto
corruptionanddivertingtheUmmahfromachievingitsobjectivesandhelpingitattainwhatisbeneficial.On
theotherhand,thoseendowedwithsoundmindsandgoodFitrah(naturaldisposition)cannotdenythat
providingtheradiobroadcastwithimmoralsongsbymaleandfemalesingersisanevilpracticethatwill
causecorruptionanddemoralizationinsteadofreformationandguidance.Itisbetterthatthose
whocallforimitatingtheJewsandtheirlikesdonotlimittheireffortstocallingforsinging.Rather,they
shouldhaveencouragedMuslimstocatchupwiththeiradvancementbymeansofbuildingnewfactoriesand
fruitfulbusinessactivities.Unfortunately,theyhavebecomedemoralizedandhavelostinsighttocalltheir
MuslimbrotherstoimitatetheenemiesofAllah(ExaltedbeHe),HisMessenger(peacebeuponhim),and
ArabMuslimsinparticularinoneofthemostabominablepracticesandlowmoralsthatstripnationsoftheir
freedomanddivertthemfromaspiringtohighmorals,respectfulmanners,andreformationtothecontrary
evils,sins,andcorruption.Whatcouldbemoredevastatingandareflectionofweakmindsand
demoralizationthananIslamiccountrythatseekstopropagateadespicablecallandoneoftheugliest
abominationsandimmoralmannersforwhichitshouldtakeasanexampleanationthatpubliclyexpresses
itssternestenmitytowardsIslamandArabs,andwhichwascursedbyAllah(ExaltedbeHe).Accordingly,
thosewhofollowitwillhaveashareofAllah'sWrath.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)distinguishedbetweenHis
Creaturesandrankedthemdifferentlywithregardtotheiraspirationsandobjectives.Thosewhowantto
makereformshouldcallforhighmorals,honorabledeeds,andseekingtodevelopbeneficialbusinessesand
factoriesthatwilldogoodforthenationinthisageofmaterialadvancement,anddiversifiedideologies.On
theotherhand,therearethosewhosemoralsareheavilydegradedtotheextentthattheycalltothemost
degradablemannersandimmorality.Theycallforwhatunderminesthestabilityoftheirnationsandpushes
themawayfromtheroadtoprosperityandreformationwhichareonlyattainedbymeansofpainstaking
efforts.Furthermore,theydonoturgetheirnationstoimitateothernationsinthefieldsofadvancementthat
couldbeappliedintheirowncountriesbuttheiraimistodriveitinthewayofevil,notgoodnessandinthe
wayofwhatcausesharm,notbenefit.ItisonlythroughthisthatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)testsHisCreatures
andthisisHisWayindistinguishingbetweenwhoisgoodandbadamongthem.Verily,GlorifiedbeAllah
whoistheMostWiseandMostKnowledgeableoftheaffairsofHisServants.
Dearhonorablereader,youshouldknowthatlettingtheradiobroadcastsongsandmusicisevilandHaram
(prohibited)accordingtotheIjma`(consensus)oftrustworthyscholars,andevenifsingingisnot
accompaniedbyanymusicalinstrument,
itisstillHaramaccordingtothemajorityofscholars.Moreover,itisevidentlyconfirmedbymanyreported
proofsthatlisteningtosongsandbeingfondofthem,especiallywhentheyareaccompaniedbymusical
instrumentssuchasthelute,isoneofthemostwickedtrialsofSatanwithwhichhetemptstheheartsofthe
ignorant,divertsthemfromtheQur'an,andmakestheminclinedtowickednessanddisobedience.Singingis
therecitationofSatanandanevilthatleadstoZina,homosexuality,andallkindsofmaliciousactsandvices.
ItisreportedbyAbuBakrAlTartushyandotherscholarsthattheImamsofIslamhavealldispraisedsingingand
musicalinstrumentsandwarnedagainstthem.Furthermore,theknowledgeablescholar,AbuÀmribnAlSalah
(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim)reportedthescholar'sprohibitionofsingingwhichisaccompaniedby
musicalinstrumentssuchasthelute.Suchmeansrendertheheartsdiseased,hardened,andspoilmorals,
anddivertpeoplefromDhikr(RemembranceofAllah)andSalah(Prayer).Thereisnodoubtthatsingingisa
meansofentertainmentthatAllah(ExaltedbeHe)dispraisedasacauseofimplantinghypocrisyinthehearts
inthesamewaythatwaterhelpsgrassgrow.Thisisevenworsewhenignorantpeopleareinclinedto
famoussingerswhoseeffectismoreharmfultothehearts.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: Andofmankindishewho
purchasesidletalks(i.e.music,singing,etc.)tomislead(men)fromthePathofAllhwithoutknowledge,andtakesit(thePathof
Allh,ortheVersesoftheQurn)bywayofmockery.Forsuchtherewillbeahumiliatingtorment(intheHellfire). AndwhenOur www.ircpk.com
Verses(oftheQurn)arerecitedtosuchaone,heturnsawayinpride,asifheheardthemnotasifthereweredeafnessinhis
ear.Soannouncetohimapainfultorment. AlWahidyandotherMufassirs(exegeteoftheQur'an)saidthatidletalk
referstosinging.EndofQuote.
TheleadingfigureamongthelearnedCompanionsIbnMasùd(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)usedtoswear
byAllahthatidletalkreferstosinging.
He(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim)said:Singingimplantshypocrisyintheheartaswatergrowsplants.
TherearemanytraditionsandsayingsfromtheSahabahandtheTabiùn(Followers,thegenerationafter
theCompanionsoftheProphet)thatdispraisesingingandmusicalinstruments.Moreover,itisauthentically
reportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Verily,amongmyUmmah(nationbasedononecreed)
therewillbepeoplewhowilldeemaslawful:AlHir,silk,Khamr(intoxicants),andmusicalinstruments. RelatedbyAlBukhari.AlHir
refersto(premaritalsexualintercourseand/oradultery).
Asfortheword"Ma'azif",itreferstomeansofentertainment,suchasmusic,prohibitedinstrumentslikedrums,thelute,therababa
i.e.theArabfiddle,andstringinstruments.
Theknowledgeablescholar,IbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbemercifulwithhim),saidinAlIghathathatthereisnodisagreementamong
thelinguiststhatMa'azifreferstoallmusicalinstruments.ItisalsorelatedbyAlTirmidhyontheauthorityofÌmranibnHusayn(may
Allahbemercifulwithhim)thattheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)said: Therewillbestoning,sinking,anddistortioninmy
people.AMuslimmansaid:Whenwillthathappen,MessengerofAllah?Hereplied:Whenfemalesingersandmusicalinstruments
spreadandwineisdrunk. ItisalsorelatedbyAhmadinhisMusnadwithagoodSanad(chainofnarrators)ontheauthorityofIbn
Àbbas(mayAllahbepleasedwiththem)thattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Allahhasforbiddenwine(khamr),gameof
chance(maysir),drum(kubah),andeveryintoxicant. TheKubahisthedrumasmentionedbySufyan,anarratoroftheHadith.
TherearemanyHadithsandtraditionsthatdispraisesingingandmusicalinstrumentsandwhatwementionedshouldbesufficientand
convincingforthetruthseeker.ItshouldbenotedthatthosewhocallforbroadcastingsongsandmusicontheSaudiradiohavebeen
misleduntiltheyconsideredlawfulwhatisunlawfulandcalledtoharmwhilebeingunawareoftheharmandevilconsequencesthat
wouldresultaccordingly.Indeed,howgreatisthesayingofAllah(ExaltedbeHe)whosays: Ishe,then,towhomtheevilofhis
deedsismadefairseeming,sothatheconsidersitasgood(equaltoonewhoisrightlyguided)?Verily,AllhsendsastraywhomHe
wills,andguideswhomHewills.Sodestroynotyourself(OMuhammad)insorrowforthem.Truly,Allhisthe
AllKnowerofwhattheydo! Apoetwastruthfulwhenhesaid:
Amanispreoccupiedinhis thatheseesbeautifulwhatis
distress not
SahihHadithsindicatethatthosewhoinviteotherstofollowtheirmisguidancewillcarrythesamesinsasthosewhocommittedthem
withouttheirownsinsbeingreducedatall.
ItisauthenticallyreportedinSahihMuslimontheauthorityofAbuHurayrahthattheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)said, If
anyonecallsotherstofollowrightguidance,
theirrewardwillbeequivalenttothosewhofollowthem(inrighteousness)withouttheirrewardbeingdiminishedinanyrespect.If
anyoneinvitesotherstofollowerror,theirsinwillbeequivalenttothatofthepeoplewhofollowthem(insinfulness)withouttheirsins
beingdiminishedinanyrespect. Thisisgreatdangerandasternwarningforwhoeverpropagatesfalsehood
andcallsotherstoit.MyadvicetothosewhocallforsingingandmusicalinstrumentsistorepenttoAllah(ExaltedbeHe)fromtheir
sinandreturntoAlHaqq(theTruth)andaskAllah(ExaltedbeHe)toguidethemtoAlSiratulMustaqim(theStraightPath).Thisis
betterforthemthanremainingonthesideofmisguidance.Indeed,Allah(ExaltedbeHe)acceptsTawbah(repentancetoAllah)from
thosewhorepentandHeshowsmercytothosewhodisobeyedHim.
MayAllahguideusandthemtoHisPathandsaveusfromsatanicpromptings!
Theaforementionedproofs,traditions,andcitationsmakeitevidenteventothepersonwhohastheleastdegreeofwisdomthatitis
obligatorytokeepradiostationsawayfromtheinterferenceofwhatmightrenderthesemeansharmful.Thisisapplicabletooriental
andwesternradiostationsaslongastheyareunderthecontrolofaMuslimcountry.Thisisadmittedlyandwithgreateremphasis
applicablewhentheradiostationisinthelandwhereinisthecradleofRevelationandthesourceoflightandtheQiblah(direction
facedforPrayertowardstheKa`bah)towhichMuslimseverywheredirectthemselvesfivetimesaday.Undoubtedly,thiscountry
shouldbeprotectedagainstanythingthatcausesharmtoMuslimsintheirreligiousorworldlyaffairs.
AllowingsongsandmusictobebroadcastovertheradiowillundeniablyaffectMuslimsnegativelyintheirreligionandworldlyaffairs.
Thus,ourmeansofmassmediashouldbeprotectedfromthisandbeexploitedonlytoserveIslamandspreadtheTruthandcallfor
it.TheyshouldbebeneficialtoolsspreadingonlywhatbringsaboutthewelfareofMuslimsintheirlifeandtheHereafterandmaking
availablethebeneficialsciencesaswellasprovidingdailyrecitationoftheQur'ananditsTafsirasreportedfromtheProphet(peace
beuponhim)andtherighteousSalaf.OurmediaislikeatorchoflightthatfocusesonthedevelopmentofMuslimsindifferentfields,
whetheritismedical,agricultural,commercial,educational,orothermeansofreligiousandworldlyreform.
ThisishowIseetheobjectivesofourmedia.
Itisincumbentuponthosewhoareinchargeofthemediatodirectandpurifythemfromallaspectsofimpropriety.Theyare
responsiblebeforeAllah(ExaltedbeHe)ontheDayofResurrectionwherenowealthorchildrenwillavail,exceptthosewhocometo
Himwithapureheart.
OurgovernmentdidwellinestablishingaradiostationthatisdedicatedtotherecitationoftheQur'an,itsTafsir,andexplainingthe www.ircpk.com
propheticHadiths.Accordingly,itsetanexampleforotherIslamiccountries.ItalsoachievedgreatbenefitwhenitstartedNurÀlaAl
Darb(Lightontheway)programwhichreceivesMuslim'squestionsindifferentfieldsofknowledgeandgivesthechanceto
trustworthyscholarswhoarewellversedandfollowthepathoftherighteousSalaftoanswersuchquestions.MayAllahrewardour
governmentwiththebestreward.IgivethiswordonbehalfofmyselfandallscholarsandMuslimswhoarezealouswhenever
religiousprohibitionsareviolated.IaddressallMuslimrulerstoprotectmeansofmediafromharmfulprogramsthatnegativelyaffect
Muslimsinsteadofbenefitingthem,andtogiveitsresponsibilitytothosewhofearAllahasHeshouldbefeared,foreveryruleris
responsibleforhispeople.
MayAllahguidethemtoreformthesemeansofmediaandkeepthemawayfromharmfulmaterials.Moreover,IaskAllah(mayHebe
exalted)byHisMostBeautifulNamesandSublimeAttributestograntsuccesstoallMuslimrulersandgrantsuccesstoourrulersand
allMuslimrulersincarryingoutthatwhichpleasesHim.MayAllahsupporttheTruthandfrustratefalsehoodthroughthem.MayAllah
guideMuslimrulerstoabidebyandfollowShariàh,andrevereHisLimitsandwarnagainstopposingthem.HeisOmnipotentoverall
things.AllahisSufficientforus.HeistheBestDisposerofaffairs.PeacebeuponHisServant,Messenger,Muhammad,hisfamily,and
Companions!
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Ananswertoaquestionaboutsinging
IreadinOkazNewspaper,Issueno.6101releasedonSaturday,29thofRabialThanithata
Saudisingerhadgivenupsinging,andduringoneofhisflightsbetweenCairoandParishe
metareligiousscholar.Theydiscoursedonsinginganditspermissibilitytotheextentthat
thissingerdidnotgetofftheplaneuntilhewascompletelyconvincedbythisscholarthat
singingisnotharamwithsupportedproofsandpiecesofevidence.Asaresult,thissinger
producednewsongsafterhehadgivenupsingingforaperiodoftime.
Q :Arethereanyproofsregardingthepermissibilityofsinging,especiallythekindofobscene
singingusuallyaccompaniedbymusic?
A : Singingisprohibitedaccordingtothemajorityofscholars,andifitisaccompaniedby
musicalinstruments,suchasthelute,theRababaandthelike,itbecomesmoreemphatically
haramaccordingtotheIjma`(consensus)ofMuslims.
AmongtheevidencesupportingthisrulingisAllah'ssaying: Andofmankindishewhopurchasesidletalks
(i.e.music,singing,etc.)tomislead(men)fromthePathofAllh ThemajorityofMufassirs(exegeteofthe
Qur'an)explainedidletalkasmeaningsinging,andÀbdullahibnMasùd(mayAllahbepleased
withhim)usedtoswearbyAllahthatwhatwasmeantinthepreviousversewassingingand
said:"Singingimplantshypocrisyintheheartaswaternurturesthegrass".Furthermore,itis
authenticallyreportedthattheMessengerofAllahsaid, Verily,amongmyUmmah(nation)therewillbe
peoplewhowilldeemaslawful:Zina,silk,Khamr(alcohol)andmusicalinstruments. thisHadithisrelatedbyAlBukhariin
hisSahihBookofHadithandwasrankedasMuàllaq(aHadithmissinglinkinthechainof
narration,reporteddirectlyfromtheProphet)butitisMajzum(verified),anditwasalso
relatedbyothersthroughsahihSanad(chainofnarrators).Theprohibitedmeansof
entertainmentaresingingandlisteningtomusicalinstruments.Hence,itbecomesevidently
knownthatthescholarwhospokeofthepermissibilityofsinginghastoldwithhistongue
whathedoesnotknowwithregardtoAllahandissuedafalsefatwaaboutwhichhewillbe
askedontheDayofResurrection.AndAllahistheonlyOnewhoseHelpissought.
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Therulingonlisteningtosongs
Q1:Whatistherulingonlisteningtosongs?
A : ListeningtosongsisundoubtedlyHaram(prohibited),asitmightleadtoothersinsand
temptationssuchascommittingtheunlawfulactofZina(premaritalsexualintercourseand/or
adultery),sodomy,ordrinkingKhamr(intoxicant),gambling,andbefriendingbadpeople.
Furthermore,itmightleadtoShirk(associatingotherswithAllahinHisDivinityorworship)
anddisbelievinginAllahaccordingtothecontentandwordsofthesongslistenedto.Allah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)saysinHisnobleBook: Andofmankindishewhopurchasesidletalks(i.e.music,
singing,etc.)tomislead(men)fromthePathofAllhwithoutknowledge,andtakesit(thePathofAllh,ortheVersesoftheQurn)
bywayofmockery.Forsuchtherewillbeahumiliatingtorment(intheHellfire). AndwhenOurVerses(oftheQurn)arerecited
tosuchaone,heturnsawayinpride,asifheheardthemnotasifthereweredeafnessinhisear.Soannouncetohimapainful
torment.
He(mayHebePraised)saysthatsomepeoplepurchaseidletalktomisguideothersfromthe
pathofAllah.Theverb"Leyadel",i.e.tomisguidewaspronouncedintwodifferentwaysto
indicatethatthosewholistentomusicmayevenleadothersorbeledtomisguidancedueto
thediseasesthatafflicttheirheartsandrenderthemhardened.Accordingly,theydivertfrom
theTruthbecauseoftheirfrequentsinandabandoningwhatAllahenjoinedtothem,sothey
abandonSalah(Prayer)incongregation,becomeundutifultoone'sparents,practicethesinof
gamblingandevencommittheactsofZina,sodomyandotherevilsthattheymightbe
draggedtoduetotheir
inclinationtosongsandsinging.
TheMajorityofMufassirs(exegeteoftheQur'an)explainedidletalkasreferringtosinging,
whileothersadoptedtheviewthatitreferstoeverysoundpertainingtofalsemeansof
entertainment,suchasthemusicalinstrumentsofthepipe,theRababa,thelute,theviolin
andthelike.AllthesedivertpeoplefromthepathofAllahandcausethoseinfatiuatedwith
themtoleadothersandeventhemselvestomisguidance.
ItwasauthenticallyreportedontheauthorityofÀbdullahibnMasùd(thehonorableSahabyand
oneoftheknowledgeablepeopleamongthecompanionsoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim))
thathesworebyAllahthatidletalkreferstosinging,andhesaid:"Singingbringshypocrisy
forthintheheartaswaternurturesplants."TheAyahindicatesthatmeaningasAllahsays: to
mislead(men)fromthePathofAllhwithoutknowledge meaningthatsingingrendersitslistenersblindasit
makestheheartsdiseased,hardened,andletspeoplefollowtheirlustfuldesiresanddivert
themfromtheTruthiftheybecomemoreandmoreinclinedtoit. andtakesit(thePathofAllhorthe
VersesoftheQurn)bywayofmockery. Thismeansthatthosewholistentosingingasiftheyhave
incurredthewrathofAllahbytakingHisreligionasmockeryandfun.Theword"Sabiel"i.e.,
way,mightbesaidinthemasculineorfeminineform,assingingandmusicleadpeopletobe
carelessofAllah'sordinancesandcommands,andcannolongerbearlisteningtothe
recitationoftheQur'an,becausetheybecomeaccustomedtothetemptinganddissolute
soundofsingingandmusicalinstruments.ThisisoneofAllah'sinstantpunishmentsforthose
whodisobeyHim.
Hence,theMu'min(believer)whetheramanorawomanshouldbeontheirguardagainst
fallingvictimstosuchasin.Furthermore,therearemanyHadithsthatallindicatethe
prohibitionofsingingandmusicalinstrumentsasameanstogreaterevilandbad
consequences.ItisworthmentioningthattheknowledgeablescholarIbnAlQayyim(mayAllahbe
mercifulwithhim)inhisbook,"IghathatAlLahfan"givesconsiderableelaborationonthe
rulingofsongsandmusicalinstruments.Forthosewhowanttoreadmoreinthisregard,they
canrefertothesaidbookwhichisgreatlybeneficialwithregardtotheissueinquestion.And
AllahistheonlyOnewhoseHelpissought.PeaceandblessingsbeuponourProphet
Muhammad,hisfamilyandCompanions.
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Therulingonlisteningto
music
Musicandotherkindsofinstrumentsareallevil,theyarethingsthatSatanmakesappearattractiveand
enjoyable,andhecallspeopletothemsoastodistractthemfromthetruthbymeansoffalsehood,andso
thathecanleadthemawayfromwhatAllahlovestowhatHehatesandhasdecreedHaram(prohibited).
Music,theluteandallmusicalinstrumentsareallMunkar(thatwhichisunacceptableordisapprovedofby
IslamiclawandMuslimsofsoundintellect)anditisnotpermissibletolistentothem.Ithasbeen
authenticallyreportedthattheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)said, Verily,amongmyUmmah(nation)
therewillbepeoplewhowilldeemaslawful:Zina,silk,Khamr(alcohol)andmusicalinstruments. The"Hir"referstothe
illegalsexualrelationsorZina(premaritalsexualintercourseand/oradultery),andtheprohibitedmeansof
entertainmentreferstosongsandmusicalinstruments.
IadviseyouandtheotherwomenormentoincreaseyourrecitationoftheQur'anandlistentotheprogram
of"NourÀlaAlDarb",assuchactsincludemuchbenefitsandwilldefinitelyattractyouawayfromtheevil
oflisteningtosongsandmusicalinstruments.MayAllahguidealltowhatpleasesHim.HeisAllHearerand
Responsive!
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RulingonListeningtoIslamicSongs
Q1:WhatistherulingonlisteningtotapesofIslamicsongs?
A : Suchsongsarejudgedaccordingtotheircontentiftheyincludewordsofwisdomcallingto
goodnessandexhortation,andpreachingtheobligationofshowingobediencetoAllahandHis
Messenger,thecalltoprotectone'scountryagainstitsenemiesandthelike,thenthereis
nothingwrongwithlisteningtothem.However,iftheycontainwordsofobscenity,
demoralization,andcallingfortheintermixingofmenandwomenornotwearingtheIslamic
clothesintheirpresence,thentheyareabominablesinsthatshouldbeavoided.
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Questionsandanswersaboutintellectualinvasion
Q1:Whatisthedefinitionofintellectualinvasioninyouropinion?
A : Intellectualinvasionisamoderntermthatmeansthesetofeffortsexertedbyonenation
toseizeorinfluenceanothernationtomakeitadoptacertainattitude.Itismoredangerous
thanmilitaryinvasion,sinceintellectualinvasiontendstobeconfidentialanddependson
hiddenpurposesinthefirstinstance,whichcannotbeperceivedbytheinvadednationsoas
nottocounterandresistit.Thusitfindsitselffallingpreytoit.Inconsequence,thisnation
getsinfectedwithviciousthoughtsandfeelings.Itlikeswhatitsenemylikesandhateswhat
itwantsittohate.
Itisanincurablediseasethatdestroysnations,killsthenationalcharacter,andremovesits
featuresoforiginalityandstrength.Thenationafflictedwithitdoesnotfeelwhathappensto
itorevenrecognizeit.Thusitbecomesdifficulttotreatitandmakeitunderstandtheright
way,whichbecomesverydifficult.
Thisinvasiontakesplacethroughschoolcurricula,publicculture,media,largeandsmall
publications,aswellasotheraffairsofthenation,wheretheenemy'saimbehindthisisto
divertitawayfromitscreedandmakeitloveandbeaffectedbywhatitgivesit.MayAllah
grantussafetyandwellbeing!
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Q2:AretheArabcountriesingeneralandthekingdomofSaudiArabiainparticularexposed
tothiskindofinvasion?
A : Yes,AllMuslimsingeneral,ArabsandnonArabs,theKingdomofSaudiArabiaandother
Muslimsland,areindangerofaformidableculturalinvasiondirectedtowardsthemfrom
easternandwesterndisbelievingcountries.Themostdangerousofall:
1TheChristiancrusadinginvasion
2TheZionistinvasion
3Theatheisticcommunistinvasion
TheChristiancrusadinginvasionisreachingitspeakatthepresenttime.SinceSalahAlDinAl
Ayyuby'svictoryovertheaggressivecrusadeswhoinvadedtheIslamiccountries,theChristians
realizedthattheirvictoriesweretemporaryandwouldnotensurethempermanent
dominanceovertheIslamicworld.Accordingly,theybeganthinkingofamoredevilish
alternativewhichismoreeffectivethancrushingmilitarywars.Aftermanyconventionsand
studiesoftheconditionsofMuslims,theydecidedthatChristiannations,individualsand
groups,shouldcollaborateinconqueringtheMuslimyouthculturally,fortheyconsideredthat
renderingtheIslamicworldculturallyandmentallysubordinatetotheChristianworld,ismore
likelytoachievetheirobjectivesthanmerelyoccupyingtheland.
ThepureMuslimneveracceptthedominanceofdisbelieversovertheaffairsofhisland,so
Muslimsbeganstrivingpowerfullytoendthisstateofoccupationsacrificingtheirlivesto
achievethisend.Itisworthmentioningthatthiswasthecaseaftereverysweepingvictory
fortheconqueringcrusadesbywhichtheygainedcontroloveranIslamiccountry.
However,theMuslimwhowasexposedtothismaliciousinvasionbecamementallyweakand
carelessaboutthefutureofhiscountry.Thus,heseesnodangerintheexistenceofChristians
andotherinvasionsonhisland.Rather,hemayconsiderthisasasignofwelfareandastep
towardprogressandprosperity.TheWesternworldhasgivenuptheideaofmilitaryinvasion
forthesakeoftheculturalone,becauseitismoreeffectiveinachievingtheirgoalswithout
theirneedtosendarmiesandspendmoney.
TheywillbesavedthetroublewiththehelpofsomeMuslims,whointentionallyor
unintentionally,purposefullyornotaccomplishtheirevilaims.Hence,theydonotresortto
conventionalmilitarywarfareunlessthereisanecessitythatpushesthemtomilitary
interferenceashappenedintheinvasionofUgandaorPakistan.Theyneedtopropagatetheirbasic
ideasanddeviantconceptsandestablishorganizationsthatwillensuretheeffectivenessof
thissweepingculturalwarandtheirassuredvictoryasinthecaseofEgypt,Syria,Iraq,andother
countriesbeforetheyendtheiroccupation.
TheZionistinvasiondoesnotdiffermuchfromtheprecedingone,astheJewsareknownfor
exertinggreateffortstospreaddemoralizationanddeviantbeliefsamongMuslims.Furthermore,
theyhavetheirowndevilishdesirestoseizeMuslimandnonMuslimcountries.Theysucceededin
achievingsomeoftheirgoalsandarestillplottingtorealizewhatremains.Itshouldbenoted
thattheJewshavebadintentionsinsomeArabcountriestheywageferociousmilitary
warfareaccompaniedwithawarofspreadingfalseideasandbeliefseekingtospoilMuslims
andtemptthemawayfromtheirDin(religion)andsoundbeliefs.Theyarealsohelpingthe
deviantsectstodissentfromthemainbodyofMuslims,suchasMasonry,AlQadianiyah,AlBaha'iyya,Al
Tiganiyyaandothers.Furthermore,itisnothiddenthattheyseekthehelpofChristiansandothers
toachievetheirabominableaimsandobjectives.
TheatheisticcommunistinvasionspreadswiftlythroughouttheIslamicworldowingtothe
weaknessofImanandthedominanceofignorancewithinalargenumberofMuslimsaswell
asthelackofsoundupbringingandeducation.
TheCommunistpartiesinRussiaandChinaaswellasothercountrieshavemanagedtoattract
thosewhoseImanisvulnerableorhavenoImantotheirdeviantprincipalsmakingthem
callersofcommunistideasandatheismbymeansofpromisingthemthehighestpositionsand
fortunes.Oncetheyarewithinthegripofsuchwickedparties,theyarerenderedasmere
toolsusedtolaunchdevastatingthoughtsthatweakenthesolidarityoftheirown
communities,fortheybecomeenemiestotheirownMuslimbrothers.Theyarenotalonein
thisregardtheyarehelpedbytheChristiansandtheJewswhetherdirectlyorindirectly.
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Itshouldbenotedthatalthougheachenemyseekstoachievehisowngoals,theyhaveall
agreedintheirenmitytowardsMuslimsandIslam,theirmostbitterenemy.Thus,theyare
keentounitetheireffortsagainsttheMuslims.Allah(mayHebePraised)istheonewhose
Helpissought.He(Alone)isSufficientforus.HeistheBestDisposerofaffairs(forus).
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Q3:WhatarethemeansusedbytheWesttopromotetheirideas?
A:ThemeansusedbytheWesttopromotetheirideasarenumerous,including:
1 TryingtotakeoverthemindsofyoungMuslimsandimplanttheWesternconceptsintheir
mindstothinkthatthebestwayisthatoftheWestineverythinginthought,religionsand
beliefs,oreventhelanguagestheyspeak,themoralstheyadopt,ortheircustomsandways.
2 CaringforawiderangeofMuslimsineverycountryandeducatingthemuntiltheyreturn
totheircountriesafterbeingimbibedwithWesternideas,theWestsurroundsthemwithan
auraofgreatpraiseandcommendationsoastoenablethemtoreceiveleadershippositionsin
theircountries.ThiswaytheypropagateWesternideasandestablisheducationalinstitutions
complyingwiththewesterncurriculumorsubjecttoit.
3 TheiractivationtoteachWesternlanguagesinIslamiccountriesandmaketheirlanguage
competewiththatoftheMuslims,especiallytheArabiclanguagethatisthelanguageofthe
NobleQur'an,thelanguagewithwhichAllahsentdownHisBook,andthatwithwhichMuslims
worshiptheirLordinSalah(prayer),Hajj(pilgrimage),Dhikr(RemembranceofAllah),and
otheracts.TheirmethodsincludesupportingthedestructivecallsfightingtheArabiclanguage
andtryingtoweakentheMuslimsholdingfasttoitinthelandsofIslamthroughtheinvitation
toadoptslanglanguage,andcarryoutmanystudiesdesignedtodevelopandspoilgrammar,
andtheglorificationofthesocalledfolkloreandnationalheritage.
4 EstablishmentofWesternuniversities,missionaryschools,nurseries,kindergartens,
hospitalsandclinicsinMuslimcountriesandmakingthemnestsfortheirbadpurposesand
encouragingthehighclassmembersofthesocietytostudyattheseinstitutionsandhelping
them,afterthat,totakeoverleadershipandseniorpositionssoastomakethemhelpfulto
theirteachersinachievingtheirgoalsinMuslimcountries.
5 TryingtocontrolthecurriculumintheMuslimworldandshapeitspolicy,eitherdirectly,as
whathashappenedinsomeMuslimcountrieswhenDunlop,apriest,undertookthattask,or
indirectlysuchaswhenthetaskisfulfilledbysuccessfulstudentswhohavestudiedand
graduatedfromDunlopschools,wheremostofthemhavebecomeadestructiveelementin
theircountriesaswellastheultimateweaponoftheenemythroughworkinghardtomake
educationtakeaseculartrendandnotbefoundedonbeliefinAllahandHisMessenger,butto
makeitproceedtowardsatheismandcallforcorruption.
6 LargenumbersoftheChristiansandJewsundertookstudyingIslamandtheArabiclanguage,and
compilebooksandtaughtatuniversities,whichresultedintheirproducinggreatintellectual
dissensionamongtheintelligentsiaofMuslimsthroughthedoubtfulmatterstheypresentto
theirstudentsorwithwhichtheirbooksthatarewidelyspreadinMuslimcountriesare
filled.Someofthosebooksevenbecamereferencesreferredtobysomewritersand
researchersinintellectualorhistoricalmatters.ThoseOrientaliststaughtMuslimmenwho
graduatedandhadalargeshareinbringingabouttheGreatSedition,wheretheywere
helpedbythepraiseandadmirationtheymeteverywhereaswellastheirimportantpositions
ineducation,directionandleadership,wheretheycompletedwhattheirteachershadbegun
andachievedwhattheyfailedtodo,thankstotheirbeingMuslimsandnativesofMuslim
countries,wheretheybelongtothemandspeaktheirowntongue.AllahistheOnesoughtfor
help!
7 LargenumbersofChristianmissionariespreachChristianityamongMuslims.Theyfulfill
suchamissiondependingonstudiedfoundationsandthroughlargemeans,wherehundredsof
thousandsofmenandwomenhavebeenrecruitedandthelargestbudgetshavebeenset,and
waysarefacilitatedbeforethem,andobstacleshavebeenremoved: TheyintendtoputouttheLightof
Allh(i.e.theReligionofIslm,thisQurn,andtheProphetMuhammad)withtheirmouths.ButAllhwillbring
HisLighttoperfectioneventhoughthedisbelievershate(it).
Whilethiseffortmostlytargetscommonpeople,theeffortsofOrientalismtargetsthe
intellectualsasmentionedearlier.TheybeardifficultiestoachievethisworkinAfricaandthe
remoteMuslimterritoriesinEastAsiaandelsewhere.Everynowandthentheymeetatconferences
toreviewtheirassessmentsandconsidertheirplanstomakecorrectionsandadjustmentsand
innovatenewmethods.TheymetinCairoin1906,inEdinburghin1910,inLucknowin1911,inAlQuds
in1935,andinAlQudsagainin1935.Theyarestillholdingmeetingsandconferences.Glorybeto
HiminWhoseHandisthesovereigntyofeverythingandtoHimreturnallaffairs(fordecision).
8 TheyarealsocallingforcorruptingMuslimcommunityandmakingwomenreluctantto www.ircpk.com
undertaketheirroleinlifeandreadytotrespassthelimitsthatAllahsetfortheirhappiness
andintegrity.Intheirwaytoachievethis,theWesternspreadamongMuslimstheircalls
throughdifferentwaysuntilwomenmixwithmenandhavethesamejobsasmen.Theiraim
behindthatistocorrupttheMuslimsociety,eliminatethepurityandchastityitenjoys,andto
establishfakeissuesandfalseclaimsthatwomenintheMuslimsocietyhavebeenwronged,
andthattheyhavetherighttosuchandsuchmatters,whiletheirrealaimistomakewomen
leavetheirhomeandimitatethem.YettheboundariessetforthembyAllahareclearandHis
ordersareexplicitandtheSunnahofHisMessenger(peacebeuponhim)
iscrystalclear.Allah(mayHebeExaltedandGlorified)says: OProphet!Tellyourwivesandyour
daughtersandthewomenofthebelieverstodrawtheircloaks(veils)allovertheirbodies(i.e.screenthemselvescompletelyexcept
theeyesoroneeyetoseetheway).Thatwillbebetter,thattheyshouldbeknown(asfreerespectablewomen)soasnottobe
annoyed.AndAllhisEverOftForgiving,MostMerciful. And: andtodrawtheirveilsalloverJuybihinna(i.e.theirbodies,faces,
necksandbosoms)andnottorevealtheiradornmentexcepttotheirhusbands,ortheirfathers,ortheirhusbandsfathers,ortheir
sons,ortheirhusbandssons And: Andwhenyouask(hiswives)foranythingyouwant,askthemfrombehindascreen:thatis
purerforyourheartsandfortheirhearts. And: Andstayinyourhouses,anddonotdisplayyourselveslikethatofthetimesof
ignorance
TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said: "Bewareofvisitingwomen."AmanofAlAnsarsaid,"MessengerofAllah,
whatabouttheinlawsofthewoman?"Hesaid,"Theinlawisdeathi.e.nooneofthemisallowedtobealonewithher."He(peace
beuponhim)alsosaid:"Thereisabsolutelynomanwhostaysinseclusionwithawomanexceptthatthedevilistheirthird
companion."
9TheestablishmentofchurchesandtemplesinlargenumbersinMuslimcountriesand
spendinglargesumsofmoneyonthem,decoratingandmakingthemprominentandclear,and
establishingtheminthebestplacesandthebiggestsquares.
10AllocationofinformationorientedradioscallingtoChristianityandcommunism,
commendingtheirobjectives,andmisleadingthroughtheirideasthenaiveMuslimswhodo
notunderstandIslamnorhaveadequateknowledgeaboutitduetotheirupbringing,
especiallyinAfrica,wherethisisaccompaniedbyalotofcopiesoftheBiblebeingprintedand
distributedinhotelsandotherplacesaswellassendingmissionarybulletinsandfalse
invitationstomanyoftheMuslims.
ThesearesomemethodswhichareusedbytheenemiesofIslamintheEastandWest,forthe
invasionoftheideasofMuslimsandeliminatingthesoundandgoodideas
tobereplacedwithotherstrangeideasoftheeastorthewest,whichasyoucansee,reader,
areimmenseefforts,hugemoney,andgreatnumbersofsoldiers.Theaimbehindallthisisto
makeMuslimsleaveIslam,eveniftheydonotembraceChristianity,Judaism,orMarxism.The
(Western)peoplebelievethatthemainmissionbehindthisistomakeMuslimsdiscardIslam,
andthatiftheycouldreachthispoint,thenthenextiseasyandaffordable.
However,wesaythatAllahwillrendertheirhopesdisappointedandinvalidatetheirscheme,
providedthatMuslimsaresincereinfightingagainstthemandbewareoftheirmachinations,
andholdfasttotheirreligion.Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Butifyouremainpatientand
becomeAlMuttaqn[thepiousSeeV.2:2],nottheleastharmwilltheircunningdotoyou.Surely,Allhsurroundsallthattheydo.
ThisisbecausetheyseekcorruptionbutAllah(mayHebePraised)doesnotmakethework
ofcorrupterssuccessful.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: theywereplottingandAllhtoowasplottingandAllhis
theBestofthosewhoplot. Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: Verily,theyarebutplottingaplot(againstyouO
Muhammad). AndI(too)amplanningaplan. Sogivearespitetothedisbelieversdealgentlywiththemfor
awhile.
Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Oyouwhobelieve!Ifyouhelp(inthecauseof)Allh,Hewillhelp
you,andmakeyourfootholdfirm. Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)alsosays: Verily,Allhwillhelpthosewho
helpHis(Cause).Truly,AllhisAllStrong,AllMighty. Those(Muslimrulers)who,ifWegivethempowerintheland,(they)enjoin
Iqamata sSalt[i.e.toperformthefivecompulsorycongregationalSalt(prayers)(themalesinmosques)],topaytheZaktand
theyenjoinAlMarf(i.e.IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmordersonetodo),andforbidAlMunkar(i.e.disbelief,polytheismand
allthatIslmhasforbidden)[i.e.theymaketheQurnasthelawoftheircountryinallthespheresoflife].AndwithAllhreststhe
endof(all)matters(ofcreatures). TherearemanyAyahstothiseffect.
ThereisnodoubtthatMuslimsneedtotakeapausetoreflectonandstudythewayandthe
appropriatestandtheyshouldtake.
Theyshouldhaveawarenessandunderstandingthatenablethemtounderstandtheschemes
oftheirenemies,andworktofrustrateandfoilthem.
TheywillonlyachievethisthroughbeingdevotedtoAllah,holdingfasttoHisguidance,
returningtoHiminrepentance,seekingHishelp,andrememberingHisguidancein
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everything,especiallyintherelationbetweenthebelieversandtheunbelievers,alongwith
understandingthemeaningofSuratAlKafirun: Say:(OMuhammadtotheseMushriknand
Kfirn):"OAlKafirn(disbelieversinAllh,inHisOneness,inHisAngels,inHisBooks,inHisMessengers,intheDayofResurrection,
andinAlQadar)! AndwhatAllah(mayHebePraised)mentionedinHisSaying: NeverwilltheJewsnor
theChristiansbepleasedwithyou(OMuhammad)tillyoufollowtheirreligion. And: Andtheywillnevercease
fightingyouuntiltheyturnyoubackfromyourreligion(IslmicMonotheism)iftheycan.
MayAllah(mayHebePraised)guidethisUmmahtothebestguidance,protectitfromthe
machinationsofitsenemies,endowitwithhonestyinwordanddeedinorderforittoattain
whatAllahwantedforitoutofpride,strengthanddignity!Allahisthebesttobeaskedfor
needs,andmaytheblessingsandpeaceofAllahbeuponourProphetMuhammad,hisfamily
andCompanions!
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QuestionsOnÀqidah
ThesectofthebeggingSufis
Q:AninquirerfromSyriasays:Wehavesomepeoplewhoclaimthattheyarethechildrenof
ShaykhÈisaorofothershaykhknowntous.Theycometobegwearinggreensilkyturbans
ontheirheadsandironbarsintheirhands.Iftheyaregiven,theywillbepleasediftheyare
not,theywillbeenragedandstartbeatingthemselvesinthestomachandheadwiththeiron
bars.
A : ThesepeoplebelongtothesectofSufiswhomanipulatepeopleclaimingthattheyarethe
childrenofsuchandsuch,andbeingsotheydeservepeople'shelp.Yet,theyshouldbe
preventedfromthispractice,andevenpunishedbyofficialsinordertoprotectpeoplefrom
theirdeceptionandbegginginsuchacontemptuousway.
Suchpeopleshouldnotbegivenmoneyorhelpedbyanymeans,asthisisconsidered
encouragingthemtocontinuethisabominableact.Iftheybeatthemselves,youwillnotbe
accountableforthatrathertheywillbe.
TheyshouldbeadvisedthatwhattheyaredoingisMunkar(thatwhichisunacceptableor
disapprovedofbyIslamiclawandMuslimsofsoundintellect)bywhichtheyareunlawfully
confusinganddeceivingpeopletohelpthem.Actually,theyarebeingtemptedbySatanto
commitsuchdelusionsknownasTaqmire(akindofSihr[sorcery]),astheydeludepeopleto
believethattheyreallybeatthemselveswiththeseironbars,buttheydonototherwisethey
wouldcausethemselvesseverepain.
However,theybewitchpeople'seyesbywhattheydoasPharaoh'ssorcerersaboutwhom
Allah(mayHebePraised)saysinSurahAlA`raf: Sowhentheythrew,theybewitchedtheeyesofthepeople,
andstruckterrorintothem,andtheydisplayedagreatmagic. Allah(ExaltedbeHe)saysinSurahofTaha: They
said:"OMs(Moses)!Eitheryouthrowfirstorwebethefirsttothrow?" [Ms(Moses)]said:"Nay,throwyou(first)!"Then
Itistherefore
behold!theirropesandtheirsticks,bytheirmagic,appearedtohimasthoughtheymovedfast.
impermissibleforMuslimstohelpsuchpeoplebyanymeans,orelsethiswillbeconsideredco
operationinsin,sorceryandharmingtheirMuslimbrothers.
Instead,thesepeopleshouldbepreventedfromthisheinouspracticeandshouldbeadvised
withfairpreachingortheywilleventuallyendupinprison.WeaskAllahtograntusall
successinwhatpleasesHimandguidesHisservants.
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Hiringexpensiveweddinghalls
Q2:Wearecomplainingaboutthespreadofhiringextremelyexpensiveweddinghalls,which
somefathersstipulateforthecompletionoftheirdaughter'smarriage.Thiscomplicates
marriageandburdensthebridegroomwithexpensesbeyondtheirability.Pleaseadvise.
A2:ThereisnodoubtthatitisanactoftheSunnahnottoexaggeratetheamountofMahror
makelavishweddingbanquetssothatyoungmencanaffordtomarry.Furthermore,the
groomandthebride'sfamiliesshouldnotexaggeratethemarriageexpensesortheamountof
Mahrinordertoencourageyoungmenandwomentomarry.
Itiscertainthatsuchweddinghallsandlavishbanquetsburdenthegroomandbridewith
whattheycannotafford.
Allconcernedpartiesshouldbemoderatewithregardtothismatter.TheMessengerofAllah
(peacebeuponhim)said, Thebestdowryistheeasiesttopay,andthebestofwomenarethosecausingtheleast
financialburden. FollowingtheSunnahoftheProphet(peacebeuponhim)shouldbethemain
concernofall,ashe(peacebeuponhim)saidtoÀbdulRahmanibnÀwf: "GiveaWalimahi.e.banquet,even
ifonlywithonesheep." TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)heldaWalimah
whenhemarriedZaynabwithbreadandmeatandhecalledpeopletoit.
Toexplain:WeddingbanquetsarepermissiblebuttheMuslimshouldbemoderate,andshouldnotprepareextravagantfoodwhich
willeventuallybethrowninthetrash,andnotgiventothepoorandneedy.ItisevenmorepreferabletomakeaWalimahaccordingto
one'sability.Youshouldnotinvitealotofpeople,becausethepriorityhereistoannouncethemarriage,holdanacceptableWalimah
evenwithoneortwosheep,andinvitesomerelatives.Thisismoreconvenientandaffordableforbothfamiliesofthebrideandthe
groom.
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TherulingonGoingtosoothsayersandfortunetellers
Q3:Isheabelieverwhovisitssoothsayersandfortunetellersandbelieveinwhattheysay?
Notethattheysometimestellthingsthatcometrueasinthecaseoftheirtellingaperson
aboutthenameofarelativeofhisordescribingwhathishouselooklikeandevenhiswealth
andchildren,etc.
A:ThispracticewaspresentduringtheeraoftheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)and
beforeandafterit.Accordingly,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)forbadevisitingsoothsayers
andconsultingthem.He(peacebeuponhim)said, Hewhovisitsadivinerandaskshimaboutanything,his
prayerswillnotbeacceptedextendingtofortynights. RelatedbyMusliminhisSahih.TheProphet(peacebe
uponhim)alsostated: Ifanyoneresortstoadivinerandbelievesinwhathesays,thenhedisbelievesinwhatwasrevealed
toMuhammad(peacebeuponhim). SomepeopleaskedtheProphet(peacebeuponhim)aboutgoingtofortunetellers,sohe
(peacebeuponhim)said,"Don'tgotothemastheyareworthless."Peoplesaid,"O,ProphetofAllah!Theysometimessaytrue
things."He(peacebeuponhim)said,"Sometimesajinniintheskymayhearsomethingwhileheiseavesdropping,sohetellsittohis
humancompanionoffortunetellersandmagicians.Theysometimessaytruethings.However,theytellhundredsoflieswiththistruth.
Accordingtoanothernarration: Morethanonehundredlies. Thispushedsomeignorantpeoplewho
wereeasilydeceivedbyhisfortunetellingthataccidentallycoincidedwiththetruthforonce
topermanentlybelievehislies.
ThesoothsayershavefriendsofJinnthatarecalled"AlRa'ie"i.e.acompanionfromthejinn
whotellsthesoothsayerabout
mattersoftheGhayb(theUnseen)andwhattakesplaceinsomecountries.Thiswasknownin
Jahiliyyah(preIslamictimeofignorance)andafterIslam.ThisJinntellshishumanfriend
fromthesoothsayersandfortunetellersthatamatterhappenedinacertaincountryona
certainnight,becausethejinnswiftlyexchangethenewsamongthemselves.Therefore,some
peoplemightbedeludedbytheirdeceptionwhenwhattheysaycometrue.
ThisgroupofJinnmighteavesdropandhearthediscourseofangelswithregardtowhatAllah
(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)mentionedofpeople'saffairsonearth,andtheytransferwhat
theyheardintotheearsoftheirhumancompanionsfromsoothsayers,sorcerers,and
fortunetellerswhointurnmakeuseofthatintakingpeople'smoneyunjustlyandlyingto
them.Asaresultofthat,peoplebelievewhattheseliarssayandconsultthem,especiallythe
diseasedwhoclingtoanyhopeofhealing,andtheyaredriventothinkbywhattheyheard
thatthesesoothsayershavesaidthetruthwithregardtosoandso.
ItisobligatoryonthosewithsoundImannottogo,consult,orbelievethem,evenifwhat
theysaycomestrue,becausetheMessengerofAllahforbadegoingtoorconsultingthem.This
isenjoinedonallMuslimsandtheyshouldseekthelawfulmeansofremedythroughreciting
theRuqyah(recitingQur'anandsayingsupplicationsoverthesickseekinghealing),taking
permissiblemedicationprescribedbydoctors.ThesearetheShar`y(Islamicallylawful)means
andmethodsandtheyarethegoodalternativetoescapeforbiddenmatters.
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Forbiddingevilisacollectiveobligation
Q:Afemalequestionerasks:IamanurseataschoolandIdeniedanevilactwhichIsawat
work.Thisactwasthereasonbehindthemfiringmeanditwasthereasonformymiseryand
mypsychologicaldisturbances.Therefore,Ireachedthepointofstoppingmychildrenfrom
forbiddinganyevil.Pleasedirectme,mayAllahrewardyou?
A 4 : Undoubtedly,whathappenedtoyouwasabigmistakecommittedbythepersonwhodid
it,ifyour
denialofthatevilwasbasedonknowledgeandinsight.Itisanobligationuponyoutoforbid
whatisevil,andgettingfiredandbeingdispensedwith,willnotharmyou,becauseyouhave
pleasedyourLord[ExaltedandSublimeBeHe]andyouhavedonewhatyoushouldhave
done.
AlltheaffairsareintheHandofAllah[ExaltedandSublimeBeHe].Moreover,itis
authenticallyreportedfromtheMessengerofAllah(peaceandblessingsofAllahbeuponhim)
thathesaid: Whoever,amongyou,seessomethingabominableshouldrectifyitwithhishandandifhehasnotstrength
enoughtodoit,thenheshoulddoitwithhistongueandifhehasnotstrengthenoughtodoit,(even)thenheshould(abhorit)from
hisheart,andthatistheleastofFaith. Allah[ExaltedandSublimeBeHe]saysinHismightyBook: The
believers,menandwomen,areAuliy(helpers,supporters,friends,protectors)ofoneanothertheyenjoin(onthepeople)AlMarf
(i.e.IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmordersonetodo),andforbid(people)fromAlMunkar(i.e.polytheismanddisbeliefofall
kinds,andallthatIslmhasforbidden) He,theMostExaltedofallspeakers,says: You[truebelieversinIslmic
Monotheism,andrealfollowersofProphetMuhammad)andhisSunnah]arethebestofpeopleseverraisedup
formankindyouenjoinAlMarf(i.e.IslmicMonotheismandallthatIslmhasordained)andforbidAlMunkar(polytheism,disbelief
andallthatIslmhasforbidden),andyoubelieveinAllh.
Therefore,ifyouhavedonethisoutofobediencetoAllahandseekingHispleasure,thenthe
bestresultwillbeforyouandwhathappenedtoyouwillnotharmyouandAllahwillsuffice
you,sinceHe[ExaltedandSublimeBeHe]istheProviderandallkindsofgoodnessareinHis
Hand.HeistheOneWhosays: AndwhosoeverfearsAllhandkeepshisdutytoHim,Hewillmakeawayforhimtoget
out(fromeverydifficulty). AndHewillprovidehimfrom(sources)henevercouldimagine. andwhosoeverfearsAllhandkeeps
hisdutytoHim,Hewillmakehismattereasyforhim.
Thus,itisincumbentuponabelievingwomantofearAllah[ExaltedandSublimeBeHe],
whethersheisworkingataschoolorasanurse.Bythesametoken,thefemaledoctor,the
femalemanagerandothersimilarwomenandeveryoneelseareobligatedtoenjoinwhatis
rightandtoforbidwhatiswronganditisalsoanobligationuponmentodothesamething
followingwhathasbeenpreviouslymentionedoftheQur'anicversesandAhadeeth.
Youalsomadeamistakewhenyouforbadeyourchildrenfromforbiddingwhatisevil.So,fear
AllahandrepenttoHimfromthatandcommandyourchildrentoimplementwhatAllahhas
obligatedthemtodo.
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TheKuftmeantinIssuesofDefamingLineageandWailingoverThedead:
Q5:WhatistheexplanationoftheHadith,"Two(practices)ofpeoplearetantamounttoKufr
(disbelief)(theyare)impugning
lineageandwailingoverthedead"?WhatistheexactmeaningofKufrinthisHadith?
A : ThisisHadithSahih(authenticHadith)relatedbyMusliminhisSahihbookofHadithonthe
authorityofAbuHurayrah(mayAllahbepleasedwithhim).Impugninglineagemeans
defamingandcriticizingpeople'slineagewiththeaimofdespisinganddispraisingthem.
However,ifitisforstatingafactsuchassayingsoandsodescendsfromthetribeofBanuTamim
whosequalitiesaresuchandsuch,orfromQahtan,Quraysh,BanuHashimwhosequalitiesaresuch
andsuchwithoutdefamingthem,thisisnotconsideredasimpugninglineage.Asforwailing
overthedead,itsignifiescryingloudlyoverthedeadandthisisprohibited.Kufrinthis
contextisalesserdegreeofabsoluteKufrthatrendersoneoutsidethefoldofIslam.For
example,theProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, "Verily,betweenaservantandShirkandKufristhenegligence
ofprayer." (RelatedbyMusliminhisSahih)ThisismajorShirk(associatingotherswithAllahinHis
Divinityorworship)accordingtothemostauthenticopinionofscholars.
MuslimscholarshavedividedKufr,Zhulm(injustice)andFisq(flagrantviolationofIslamic
law)eachintotwotypes.Similarly,therearetwotypesofShirkmajorandminorShirk.
MajorShirkislikesupplicatingto,seekingthehelpof,andvowingtothedead,idols,trees,
rocks,andplanets.
MinorShirkcanbeseeninstatementslike"WereitnotforAllahandsoandso..."and"If
Allahandsoandsowill".Theproperwayofsayingthesestatementswouldbe"Wereitnot
forAllahthensoandso..."and"IfAllahwillsthensoandso."
SwearingbyotherthanAllah(ExaltedbeHe)alsofallsunderminorShirksuchasswearingby
theProphet(peacebeuponhim),thelifeofsomeoneortheFaith.
Riya'(showingoff)isanotherexampleofminorShirksuchassomeoneseekingAllah's
ForgivenessorrecitingQur'anloudlysothatpeoplemayhear.Moreover,therearetwotypes
ofZulm
thefirstismajorZulmwhichisShirk.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)says: Anditisthedisbelieverswhoarethe
Zlimn(wrongdoers). He(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: Itisthosewhobelieve(intheOnenessofAllhandworship
nonebutHimAlone)andconfusenottheirbeliefwithZulm(wrongi.e.byworshippingothersbesidesAllh),forthem(only)thereis
securityandtheyaretheguided.
TheothertypeisminorZulmwhichisapparentinpeopledoingwrongtoeachotherwith
regardtotheirbloodandproperty.
AservantcandohimselfwrongbycommittingsinssuchasZina(premaritalsexualintercourse
and/oradultery),consumingKhamr(intoxicant)andthelike.WeseekAllah'sRefugefrom
theseevils.
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HowtoTreatPhysicalandSpiritualDiseases
Q7:Mywifewasinflictedbyapsychologicaldiseasethatcausedhertofeareverythingand
shecouldnotstandbyherself.AnotherpersonhasthesamecaseandcannotgototheMasjid
(mosque)toperformSalahincongregation.Heasks:Whatisthecureforhiscaseinordernot
toresorttosoothsayersandcharlatans?
A : ThereisnodiseasebutithasacureaccordingtoAllah'sWill.However,somepeopleknow
itwhileothersdonot.AllahhasmadetheQur'anandtheSunnahacureforallphysicaland
psychologicaldiseases.Thiscurehasprovenitsbeneficialeffectsonpeopleincountlesscases.
Manmayexperiencecertainconditionsthatcausehimfearandpanicwithoutknowingthe
reasonforit.
Indeed,Allahhasplacedcountlessgoodness,safety,andcureinwhatHerevealedtoHis
Prophet(peacebeuponhim).
IadvisethesetwoquestionersandotherstousetheShar`yDhikr,whichbringsaboutsafety,
tranquility,peace,andprotectionfromSatan'stricks.Forexample,theymayreciteAyatul
Kursy(theQuranicVerseofAllahsChair[SurahAlBaqarah,2:255] Allh!LilhaillaHuwa(nonehas
therighttobeworshippedbutHe),AlHayyulQayyum(theEverLiving,theOneWhosustainsandprotectsallthatexists). Until
theendoftheAyah.ItisthegreatestandthebestAyahintheBookofAllah,foritstresses
theCreedoftheOnenessofAllahanddevotiontoAllah(mayHebePraised).ItalsoshowsHis
sublimityandthatHeistheEverLiving,theOwnerofeverything,andnothingweakensHim.
ThisAyahisregardedasthebestandgreatestoneintheQur'an.
WhenapersonreadsthisAyahaftereachSalahandbeforegoingtobed,itprotectshimfrom
allevils.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)isreportedtohavesaidthatwhoeverrecitesit
onceupongoingtobed,therewillbeaguardiandivinelyappointedtoprotecthim/herduring
thenightandnoSatanwillbeabletocomenearhimuntilmorning.
Thepatientshouldtrythisprescriptionandhewillnotseeharmfulthingsprovidedthathe
believesinthetruththattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)conveyedcomposedlyincertain
beliefthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)onlytellstheunquestionabletruth.
AllahhasordainedthatamaleandfemaleMuslimshouldreciteSurahAlIkhlas(no:112)
aftereverySalah: Say(OMuhammad):"HeisAllh,(the)One. Inaddition,aMuslimshould
reciteAlMuàwwidhatayn[SurahsAlFalaq(no:113)andAlNas(no:114)]aftereachSalah.
TherecitationofthesethreeSurahsformsacauseofhavinggoodhealth,safety,andcure
fromallevils.Indeed, Say(OMuhammad):"HeisAllh,(the)One. equalsonethirdofthe
Qur'an.
ItisaSunnahforapersontorecitethesethreeSurahsthriceafterFajr(Dawn)andMaghrib
(Sunset)Prayer.Likewise,apersonshouldrecitethemthriceupongoingtobedtohave
securityandgoodhealth,tranquilityandsafetyagainstallevils,accordingtotheauthentic
reportsoftheProphetinthisregard.Apersonshouldalsoseekrefugethriceinthemorning
andintheeveningsaying: IseekrefugeinthePerfectWordsofAllahfromtheevilofwhatHehascreated. The
reportedHadithsindicatethatthesewordsbringaboutsafety. IntheNameofAllahwithWhoseName
thereisprotectionagainsteverykindofharmontheearthorintheheaven.HeistheAllHearingandAllKnowingthriceevery
morningandeveryevening.TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)saidthatwhorecitesitthreetimesinthemorningisnotharmedby
anythinguntiltheeveningcomes.Hewhorecitesit(threetimes)intheeveningisnotharmedbyanythinguntilthemorningcomes.
TheseformulaeofDhikrandsupplicationsoftheQur'anarereasonsformaintainingpeaceand
securityfromallevils.
Thus,everybelievingmanandwomanshouldrecitethemregularlywithsincerityandfaith,
puttinghistrustinAllahanddependinguponHim.Indeed,AllahistheOnewhomanages
everythingandinWhoseHandisgiving,deprival,benefiting,andharming,andistheOwner
ofeverything.
HeshouldalsobelievethattheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)isthemosttruthfulone
becausehedoesnotspeakof(hisown)desire.Allahsays: Bythestarwhenitgoesdown(orvanishes).
Yourcompanion(Muhammad)hasneithergoneastraynorhaserred. Nordoeshespeakof(hisown)desire.
ItisonlyaRevelationrevealed. MayAllah'sBestPeaceandBlessingsbeuponhim. www.ircpk.com

www.ircpk.com

ConditionsofAcceptableSupplications
Q:Duà'(supplication)islikeaweapongiventoeverybelieverarethereotherconditionsfor
thecarrierofthisweapon.
A : Yes,thegreatestconditionsofDuà'(supplication)are:TrustingAllahandHisMessenger
(peacebeuponhim),believingthatAllahistheTruthandallthatHesaysistrue,devoting
oneselfandone'sintentiontoAllah,andbelievingthattheMessenger(peacebeuponhim)
hasdeliveredthetruemessage.ThisshouldspringfromfirmfaithandtrustinAllah,asincere
heartfeltdesireforHisParadise,thatHeisthePlannerofallaffairsandthatHeisthe
Omnipotent.ThisshouldcomeoutofwellthoughtofAllah(ExaltedbeHe)andfirmtrustin
Him,notoutofdoubtorillthinking.
Wheneversomethingaskedinasupplicationdoesnothappen,perhapsthisisbecauseofnot
fulfillingoneofthementionedconditions.TheservantofAllahshouldadoptallmeans,and
AllahistheOriginatorofallmeans,theOmniscient,theWise.Sometimesthemedicineis
takenbuttheillnessisnotcuredforreasonsnotknowntotheservant,butAllahAloneknows
them.Thisincludestheperceivablemedicineprescribedbyphysicians,operations,andsoon,
andthemoralmedicinesuchassupplication,healingrecitation,andsoon.Inspiteoftaking
allthemeans,theaskedmattermaynotoccurformanyreasons,suchasbeingunmindful
aboutAllah(ExaltedbeHe),
committingsins,andespeciallyillgottenmoney.TheMessengerofAllah(peacebeuponhim)
saidinanauthenticHadith, WheneveraservantsupplicatesAllahwithaninvocationthatdoesnotcontainasinor
severanceofone'sties,Allahwillgivehimoneofthreethings:hissupplicationwillbeacceptedinthislife,hissupplicationmaybe
savedforhiminthehereafter,orhemaybesavedfromsimilarkindoftrouble.Thecompanionssaid:"Then,weshallsupplicate
plenty.''He(peacebeuponhim)said:"Allahismoreplentiful(inresponding)."
Thus,believingmenandwomenshouldknowthatansweringsupplicationscouldbepostponed
totheHereafterforreasonsrequiredbyAllah'sWisdom.Becauseofone'ssupplication,Allah
maysaveonefrommuchevilinsteadofgrantingone'srequest.Allah(ExaltedbeHe)isthe
WiseAllKnowerinHisdoings,words,law,anddestiny,asHesays, Verily,yourLordisAllKnowing,All
Wise. Finally,AllahistheGrantorofsuccess.
TheendofVolumeThree,allpraiseisduetoAllah.FollowingisVolumefourabout
Monotheism,and
thesubsequentvolumesofthecompiledfatwasandvariousarticlesforHisExcellencySheikh
ÀbdulÀzizBinÀbdullahIbnÀbdulRahmanIbnBaz
www.ircpk.com

En 03 Majmoo AlFatawa IbnBaz

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En 03 Majmoo AlFatawa IbnBaz

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English Translations of

He was The Mufti of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,

This English Translations are collected from

This file is volume No.03 of 30

AndrecitetothemthestoryofIbrhm(Abraham). Whenhesaidtohisfatherandhispeople:"Whatdoyouworship?" They

andholdallegianceorenmityonthisbasis,asAllah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: Indeedtherehasbeen www.ircpk.com

He(mayHebePraised)furthersays: andbepatient.Surely,AllhiswiththosewhoareAsSbirn(thepatient). AndHe

Glorified)states AndHeiswithyou(byHisKnowledge)wheresoeveryoumaybe. ThisdoesnotcontradictHisLoftiness

AsforAllah's(ExaltedbeHe)saying, AndWearenearertohimthanhisjugularvein(byOurKnowledge). and ButWe

Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: BlessedbeHeinWhoseHandisthedominion Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)alsosays: In

said, ThekeysoftheGhaybarefive.ThenherecitedAllah's(mayHebeExalted)saying, VerilyAllh,withHim(Alone)isthe

He(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays, Thebelieversarenothingelsethanbrothers(inIslmicreligion). Moreover,Hesays, Thebelievers,

ofQuraysh.A lMiqdadibnalA s w a d marriedDuba`ahBintalZubayribn`AbdulMuttalib,aHashemiteandcousinoftheProphet

andbehavior.AsforAllahssaying(ExaltedbeHe), andsays:IamoneoftheMuslims. itmeansthat

TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Onewhoguidestosomethinggoodhasarewardsimilartothatofitsdoer. (Relatedby

IslamisthereligionofAllahasHe(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says, Truly,thereligionwithAllhisIslm. Itisthereligionofall

thepeopleof A lT a ' i f worshippedAlLat,whowasarighteousman.However,Allahdeclared

Allah(GlorifiedandExaltedbeHe)says: AndWeneverpunishuntilWehavesentaMessenger(togivewarning). Thisis

thenaskthemtogivetheJiziyah thenhe(peacebeuponhim)said: Iftheyrefuse(topayit),seekAllah'shelpandfightthem. Itis

ItisalsoauthenticallyreportedthattheProphet(peacebeuponhim)said, Hewhoinvitesotherstofollowanaberration, www.ircpk.com

AccordingtoanotherHadith,hesaid, Themakersofthesepictures... referringtothepicturesonclothes, willbetorturedonthe

Moreover,hissaying, ...exceptaprintonagarment. shouldbetakentorefertosculpturesthatarenotpictures,ortopicturesof

Allah(ExaltedbeHe)alsosays: andmakepromisestothem."ButSatanpromisesthemnothingbutdeceit. Hence,weall

AndthosewhoguardtheirSalt(prayers)well. SuchshalldwellintheGardens(i.e.Paradise),honoured. And,itis

(peacebeuponhim)thathesaid, Actcontrarytothepolytheists,trimmoustaches,andgrowbeards. Somenarrations,

(peacebeuponhim)said: Whoeverintroducessomethingintothisaffairofoursthatisnotofit,itistoberejected. (Agreed

He(ExaltedbeHe)says: Wealthandchildrenaretheadornmentofthelifeofthisworld. Whoeverpondersonthesituationwill

(peacebeuponhim)alsosaid: ThereisnoobediencetoacreatureindisobediencetotheCreator. TherearemanyHadithtothe

Allah(ExaltedbeHe)saysinSurat(chapter)Taha: ThusdidAdamdisobeyhisLord,sohewentastray. ThenhisLord

TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)alsosays: NomansitsalonewithawomanexceptthatSatanisthethirdparty. Allah's

TheProphet(peacebeuponhim)stated: Ihavenotleftanyafflictionmoreharmfultomenthanwomen. Itisalso

Allah(GlorifiedbeHe)says: whosoeverentersit,heattainssecurity. i.e.whoeverentersitshouldbe

AfterquotingIbnAlS a l a h ' s statement,AlHafizIbnHajarstated:ItisanestablishedruleaccordingtoallmemorizersthatHadiths

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