History & Culture of India

The jaina texts were finally compiled in the 6th century A.D in Vallabhi (Gujarat).

The capital of panchala mahajanapada was Ahichhatra.

The 4th buddhist council was held during the reign of Kanishka.

The 1st paleolithic tools in india was discovered by Robert Bruce Foote.

The oldest book on grammar of the Tamil language and earliest extant work of Tamil literature is Tolakkapiyam.

Head of the information and intelligence department during the period of delhi sultanate was Barid-i-Mumalik.

The battle of chandwar was fought between Mohd. Ghori and Jai Chand.

Ambassador of queen elizabeth who visited akbar's court to obtain a firman for trade in gujarat was John Mildenhall.

Commander-in-chief of alauddin khilji's forces during his deccan campaign was Malik Kafur.

The Tax on grain named Zakat was abolished by Sikandar Lodhi.

The state of hyderabad was founded by Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jha in 1724 A.D.

Goa was captured by the portuguese under the viceroyalty of Alfonso D' Albuquerque.

The 2nd governor of portugueses in india was Alfonso D' Albuquerque.

The book Gift to Monotheists was written by Raja Ram Mohan Roy.

Young Bengal movement was launched in calcutta under leadership of Henry Louis Vivian Derozio.

Famous slogan One religion, one caste and one god for mankind was given by Sh. Narayan Guru

The name of chandragupta maurya mentioned in greek texts is Sandrocottus

Rig-vedic name of chenab river is Askini

The religion din-i-ilahi propounded by akbar was 1st adopted by Birbal

The saatvahana dynasty was founded by Simuk at place named Pratishthan

The painted rock shelters belonging to the paleolithic & mesolithic ages are found in Bhimbetka Caves.

The number of hymns in rig veda is 1028

The capital of malla mahajanapada was Kushinagar, Pawa

Battle of Khanwa was fought between Babur and Rana Sanga on 17th March, 1527.
The founder of mughal empire, Babur was originally the ruler of Fergana.
The pietra dura technique of architecture was used for the 1 st time in mughal architecture in Tomb of
Itimad-ud-Daula.

The Ranthambore was captured by Alauddin Khilji in the year 1301 A.D.

The French East India Company was founded in india in year 1664.

The revolt of 1857 in Bareily was led by Khan Bahadur Khan.

The capital of Kakatiya Dynasty was Orugallu (Warangal).

Indian National Movement

The act which put an end to the monopoly of East India Company over the Indian Trade Charter Act of 1813.

Simon Commission visited india in 1928 during reign of Lord Irwin.

Non-Cooperation Movement was called off by Mahatma Gandhi on account of Chauri Chaura.

Tebhaga Movement was an independence campaign started by Kisan Sabha.

Indian Parliamentary Committee was set up in 1983 by - Sir William Wedderburn and W.S.Caine.

Title of lokmanya was given to Ban Gangadhar Tilak during - Home Rule Movement
Indian National Congress was presided by Mahatma Gandhi during session of Belgaum, 1924.

Chittagong Armory raid was organized by Surya Sen.

The army of emperor Bahadur Shah II in delhi was commanded by Bakht Khan.

Urdu language newspaper Al-Hilal was established by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad.

India house was founded in 1905 by Shyamji Krishna Varma.

The indian national army for indian independence was formed in 1942 under Mohan Singh.

The health minister in the interim government formed in 1946 was Ghazanfar Ali Khan.

Book named Rebellion : 1857 a symposium was written by P.C.Joshi

Indian Revolutionary Organisation named MitraMela was founded by Savarkar Brothers.

Indian newspaper National Herald was established in 1938 by Jwaharlal Nehru.

Round table conference which was attended by mahatma gandhi as representative of congress was 2nd round table.
Bihar Vidyapeeth was established by Dr. Rajendra Prashad with support of mahatma gandhi and Maulana Majharul
Haq in year 1921.

The book Hindi Swaraj was written by mahatma gandhi in language Gujrati.

President of congress during the launch of Quit India Movement in 1942 was Maulana Abul Kalam Azad.

Indian Polity & Constitution

10th Schedule of the constitution deals with the provision relating to disqualification on the ground of defection.

In addition to the President, who also takes oath to preserve, protect and defend the constitution Governor of State.

Right to Work is incorporated in chapter on Directive Principles, is under Article 41.

Power of high courts to issue certain writs is mentioned under Article 226.

In which judicial decision has the prohibition of sexual harassment at workplace been condemned Vishakha vs
State of Rajasthan.

Right to private property was dropped from the list of Fundamental rights by - 44th Amendment.

Fundamental rights of Indian citizens can be suspended by president during - National Emergency.

The writ issued in the form of an order calling upon a person who has detained another person to bring that person
before court and show authority for such detention is Habeas Corpus.

The case which does not permit awards such as Bharat Ratna, Padma Vibhushan and the like to be used as suffixes
and prefixes is Balaji Raghavan vs Union of India.

To have speedy justice - is contained in Article 21.

A national emergency remains in operation, with the approval of parliament for an Indefinite Period.

To which bill must the president accord his sanction without sending it back for reconsideration Money Bills.

Who decides the disputes regarding the election of the president The Supreme Court.

Khap Panchayat is an organization which includes Unofficial Village Councils.

Provision for the representation of Anglo-Indian community in Lok Sabha is mentioned under Article 331.

The provincial constitution Committee and advisory committee on fundamental rights, minorities and tribal and
excluded areas appointed by constituent assembly was under the chairmanship of Sardar Patel

Cultural & Educational Rights is mentioned under Article 29-30.

The powers, authority and responsibilities of municipalities is specified under 12th schedule.

Official Language in the indian constitution is included in its XVII Part.

Article which grants protection to persons who are detained or arrested is Article 22.

The slaughter of cows and other milch and draught cattle and to improve their breeds is mentioned under Article 48

Disrespect to constitution of india, national flag and national anthem is prevented by Prevention of Insults to
National Honour Act (1971)

The delimitation of constituencies can be amended by two houses of parliament by simple majority.

1st session of Lok Sabha of India was commenced on 13th May, 1952.

Concept of directive principles of state policy was borrowed from constitution of Ireland.

Vacancy of president of India on grounds of death, resignation or impeachment must be filled within 6 months.

Elective strength of lok sabha was increased from 525 to 545 by 31st Amendment.

Part of Indian constitution which describes India as a secular state is its Preamble.

The writ which is popularly known as stay order is Prohibition.

The appointments to All India Services are made by The President of India.

Geography (India and The World)

Oldest oil refinery in india is located at Digboi (Assam).

Colourful effect in the soth pole region produced by collision of solar flares with air and dust particles in the earth's
atmosphere is called Aurora Australis.

Supernova Hypothesis for the origin of earth was given by Fred Hoyle.

The discontinuity caused by sudden change in the density of the rocks on the boundary of Core and Mantle is called
Weichart-Gutenberg Discontinuity.

The region where the subduction of the denser plate below the lighter plate occurs after their collision is called
Benioff Zone.

The strait which joins Gulf of Mexico & Carribbean Sea is Yucatan Strait.

River which forms the border between China and Russia is Amur River.

The fast blowing north-easternly cold and dry winds in the coastal regions of mexico is called Papagayo.
The pass located on the border of India and Mayanmar is Diphu Pass.

Teesta river originates from Tso Lhamo (Cholamu) Lake

Keubullamjao National Park is located in Manipur.

Baglihar Power Project is established on the river Chenab

Longest National Highway connecting Srinagar to Kanyakumari is NH 44

1st ship building factory of india was established in 1941 at Vishakhapatnam.

Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh is famous for the production of Tobacco and Chilly.

Origin of Godavari river is Trimbak Plateau, Nasik, Maharashtra.

The Pulsating Universe Theory regarding the origin of universe was given by Dr. Allen Sundes.

River which originates from Mt. Kosciuszko and is the largest river from australia is Murray-Darling River.

The winds blowing with the great velocity near Tropopause is Jet Stream.

Islands formed by the deposition of sediments brought by rivers, glaciers and sea waves on the surface is called
Depositional Island.

Farming done in low rainfall area is known as Dry Land Farming.

The strait that connects Arafura Sea and Gulf of Papua is Torres Strait.

Land of Golden Fleece Australia.

Border between canada and USA is called Medicine Line.

The Kakrapar water resources project is built on the river Tapi.

The Bansagar Dam which is a multi purpose project is built on Sone River.

Soil confined to river basins and coastal plains of india is Alluvial Soil.

Economic Affairs of India

Indian Bank which has largest no. of branches in foreign countries is SBI

Concept of 5 year Plan in India was introduced by Jawahar lal Nehru

Income Tax Settlement Commission was setup in 1976 by the central govt. on recommendation of KN Wanchoo
Committee.

20 Point programme was initially launched by Indira Gandhi.

Largest mutual fund organisation in India, (Unit Trust of India) was founded in 1964.
The main objective of 2nd five year plan was Industrialisation.

The EXIM bank of india was established in 1982.

Contribution of agricultural sector in the total GDP of Indian Economy is 16 %.

a form of FDI where a parent company starts a new venture in a foreign country by constructing new operational
facilities is known as Greenfield Investment.

The aim of programme Swabhiman is associated with Financial Inclusion.

Name of 1st major scheme of LPG connection in India that provides subsidies by DBT is PAHAL.

The scheme of State Capital Region Improvement of Power System (SCRIPS) is initiated by govt. of Odisha.

Apex body for coordinating, guiding and managing research and education in agriculture including horticulture,
fishries and animal science is Indian Council of Agricultural Research.

Board for Industrial & Financial Reconstruction (BIFR) was setup in January, 1987.

Major source of revenue to the state govt. in India is from Sales Tax.

Fiscal Policy of India is regulated by Govt. Of India.

Committee formed to review Minimum Support Price (MSP) for pulses is Arvind Subramanian Committee.

The invisible export in Balance of Payments is known as Services.

Market that provides equilibrating mechanism for demand and supply of short term funds is Money Market.

Banking concept was brought in India by the European.

1st bank in india to be listed in NYSE is ICICI Bank.

Nature of planning commission in India is Non-Statutory and Advisory

Committee which recommended establishment of NABARD Sivaraman Committee.

Board for Industrial & Financial Reconstruction BIFR was established under Sick Industrial Companies Act, 1985

Web portal for streamlining the govt. procurement of goods and services is e-marketplace.
Deficit, where the net amount received (by taxes and other forms) fails to meet the predicted net amount by the
government is called Revenue Deficit

Scheme launched by ministry of minority affairs for innovative entrepreneurship and skill development programmee
is known as Maulana Azad National Academy for Skills (MANAS).

Indian version of credit or debit card named RuPay Card is launched by NPCI.

India has launched a joint chamber of commerce and Industry to boost the bilateral trade relation in Morocco.

COMPUTER

JAVA was invented by James Gosling.

CAM Computer Aided Manufacturing

Technology used to transmit digital data over telephone line is called DSL.

Storage capacity of a mini computer is 256 KB 80 MB

1st person to write a book on personal computer was -Ted Nelson

NICNET National Informatics Centre Network

Serial port that adds direct connection to an network is NIC.

Process of restarting a computer which is already on Warm Booting.

1st political party in India to have its own website is BJP.

Bluetooth is an example of Personal Area Network.

Device named dumb in networking hardware is HUB.

A row in database is known as Tuple.

Fourth generation (1971-1980) is based on VLSI.

 SPORTS & GAMES

India 1st participated in commonwealth games in 1934.

National Sports of canada Ice Hockey (Lacrosse).

No. of players in water polo 7.

Term Bunker is associated with Polo and Golf.

Player who have won most gold medals in a single olympic Michael Phelps.

Narang Cup Badminton

1st Indian to win world Amateur Billiards title was Wilson Jones.

Asian Games held in delhi for the 1st time in 1951.

1st captain of indian cricket test team Cottari Kanakaiya Nayadu.

MC Mary Kom won the womens world boxing championship 5 times.

Durand Cup is associated with Football

Diameter of hole in the Golf is 4.25 Inches.

Term Jigger is associated with Billiards.

Mohammad Shahid who died recently was associated with the sports of Hockey.

National sport of China Table Tennis.

Mascot of Rio Olympics games, 2016 is Vinicius.

1st ever CEO of BCCI is Rahul Johri.

CEAT lifetime achievement award, 2016 Dilip Vengsarkar.

Player of tournament and Golden Boot award in Euro Cup, 2016 is given to Antoine Griezmann (France)

Lionel Messi announced his retirement recently.

Indian flag bearer in 2016 olympics Abhinav Bindra.

1st indian captain to hit double century outside india Virat Kohli

Neeraj Chopra - 1st ever indian world champion in athletics Javelin Thrower.

Winner of German Grand Prix, 2016 is Lewis Hamilton.

American swimmer has won his 21st gold medal at rio olympics Michael Phelps.

General Science & Technology

Absorption of ink by blotting paper is based on principle of Capillary Action.

SI unit of magnetic flux density is = Tesla.

Ratio of normal stress to the volume of strain is known as Bulk Modulus.

Radioactive isotope used in detection of tumour is Arsenic 74

Cosmic rays was invented by Victor Hess.

Heaviest element to be found in nature according to the density is Osmium.

Process by which volatile impurities of ores are removed by strong heating in the absence of excess air at high
temperatures is called Calcination.

Fuse wires which are used in domestic electrical circuits are made of Lead and Tin

Compound used in the softening of drinking water is called Zeolite.

Commercial name of Hydrochloric Acid is Meuretic Acid.

Scientific Name of Cow is Bos Indicus.

Number of pairs of chromosomes present in a mosquito is 3 pairs

Branch of botany under which annual rings of plant are studied is called Dendrochronology.

Marsh Disease of pea is due to the deficiency of Manganese.

Excretion in unicellular animals is done by Diffusion.

No. of pairs of chromosomes in pigeon is 40 Pairs

Fixed point about which rod of the liver moves independently is called Fulcrum.

Law applied during inhalation when the chest increases volume resulting in a low pressure inside the lungs than the
atmosphere is Boyle's Law.

1st splitting of the atom was done in 1917 by Ernest Rutherford.

Value of acceleration due to gravity on earth is maximum at its Poles.

Instrument named Pitot Tube which measures the rate of flow of gas is based upon Bernoulli's Theorem.
Bohr-Burry scheme to explain the electronic arrangements of orbiting electrons in various orbits was propounded in
the year 1921.

Latin name of Potassium is Kalium.

Region of DNA that initiates transcription of a particular gene is known as Promoter.

Percentage of Zinc in the alloy German Silver is 20 %.

Catalyst used in the hydrogenation process of vegetable oils is Nickel.

Berry Berry disease is caused by the deficiency of Thiamine

Chemical formula of mosaic gold which is used in the form of paint is SnS2

Average life span of blood platelets in human is approx. 7 10 days.

Part of human ear which is responsible for hearing function is Cochlea.

Ecology and Environment

Bonn convention of 1979 was associated with conservation of Migratory Birds.

Ozone layer was discovered in 1913 by French Physicist Charles Fabry and Henri Buisson

India's 1st state to become fully organic in 2016 is Sikkim

The modification of environment to stimulate existing bacteria capable of bioremediation is known as Biostimulation

Amount of energy passed from one organism to the next organism in a food chain is 10 %.

System of growing agricultural crops between rows of planted trees is called Taungya System.

Concept of a pyramid of numbers as a method of representing the structure of an ecosystem was given by Charles
Sytherland Elton.

The bottom layer of water in a thermally stratified lake is known as Hypolimnion

The transition layer between warmer mixed water at the oceans surface and cooler deep water below is known as
Thermocline.

Ministry of environment and forest launched Mangrove Conservation Programme in year 1987.

Gulf of mannar biosphere reserve in India is located in Tamil Nadu.

The planting of trees in an area to provide tree cover is known as Afforestation.

The Red Data Book is published by international union for conservation of nature IUCN

Concept of biodiversity hotspots was given by Norman Myers

International treaty which extends 1992 UNFCCC to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is Kyoto Protocol

Resultant of reaction among NO2, O3 and Peroxyacetyl Nitrate in presence of sunlight is known as Photochemical
Smog.

Plastisphere ecosystems that have evolved to live in human made plastic environments.

Ecological Succession gradual change in the species composition of a given area

Cartagena Protocol on biosafety to the convention on biological diversity was adopted on 29th January, 2000

Rajasthan became 1st state to approve Sewage and Waste Water Policy.

IUCN declared critically endangered animal Bornean Orangutan

NBAGR National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources.

Union minister Mr. Dave expressed India's tiger population to double by 2022.

MISCELLANEOUS

Greatest tides in the world occur in Bay of Fundy.

Longest inland waterway of the world is Mississippi River System.

Salinity of water is measured with the help of Salinometer.

Indian Institute of Forest Management is situated at Bhopal.

1st nuclear reactor in the world was built by Enrico Fermi.

Most abundant metallic element in the earths surface is Aluminium.

Ustad Amjad Ali Khan is associated with Sarod.

National Girl Day in India is celebrated on 24th January.

Common name of Ammonium Chloride NH4Cl is Nausadar.

Book confessions of a lover was written by Mulk Raj Anand.

Sloggan Samrajyavad Ka Nash Ho was given by Bhagat Singh.

1st female president of taiwan Tsai Ing Wen

Centre for DNA fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD) is located in Hyderabad.

The only lok sabha speaker who became the president of India was Neelam Sanjiva Reddy.

1st woman in the world to receive the award for Exceptional Bravery at sea from International Maritime Organization
is Radhika Menon

Science of fruits is known as Pomology

1st Chief Justice of India was H.J.Kania

1st EVM was used in india in 1998 in Kerala

Head Quarters of United Nations Population Fund UNPFA is situated at New York

Book If cricket is religion, sachin is god is written by Shyam Balasubramaniam and Vijay Santhanam

Maharaja Ranjit Singh Award Sports

World day of Social Justice 20th February

Central Soil Salinity Research Institute is situated at Karnal , Haryana

Slogan for World Environment Day, 2016 was Go Wild for Life

1st e-court of india is opened at Hyderabad.

Online information guide launched by govt. of india providing information in 23 languages is Vikaspedia.

UNESCO kalinga prize is given in the field of Science.