1A __ word order in questions Questions with do/ does/ did in present and past simple ‘Questions with be, present continuous, and going to Question word | Auxiliary | Subject | Infinitive (= verb Question word Subject] @djective, noun, | Do y | _lverb + ing, et: Does Jenny es mea racer whee do you What they | doing? What foo Bee are you talking about? Wee |S B Where is [he _going to live the auxiliary verb do/ does + In the present simple us to make questions, + In the past simple use the auxiliary verb did to make questions. + In these questions the subject goes after the auxiliary verb. + Remember ASI (auxiliary, subject, infinitive) or QUASI (question word, auxiliary, subject, infinitive) to help you with word order in present or past simple questions. present simple Tiyou/ we/ they _ 1 usually work at home. Danny knows me very well = They don’t live near here. |Itdocsn’t often rain here. | 7 Do you smoke? Does Nina like music? VX) Yes, 1 do. / No, | don't. Yes, she does. No she doesn't. | * Use the present simple for things you do every day, week, year (or which are always true + Remember the spelling rules for 3rd person singular s: work>works adds study>studies consonant + y: yand add ies finish>finishes sh, sch, x: add es go>goes do>does have>has + Remember the word order in questions (ASI and QUASI - see 1A above) 1 present continuous: be + verb + ing T you/we/they _he/she/it + Pmworking You He We ‘reworking She ’s working They It = P'm not working You He We aren't working] She isn't working They It 7) Are you working? Yes, lam. Is he working? Yes, he is. H "No, I'm not No, he isn’t 1D defining relative clauses with who, which, where "ok is a person who works ina kis a thing which tells the time post office is a place where you can buy stamps relative clauses to explain what a place, thing, or person is or does. an who won the lottery last year. we had dinner last week A for a thing, and a person, wh ere for a place. + Tn questions with be, make q the verb and the subject. Ia abou NOT About what ate-you-talking ions by inverting rb is followed by a preposition (listen 10, ta the preposition goes atthe end of the question. iat are you talking about? adverbs and expressions of frequency + We often use the present simple with adverbs of frequency (always, often, sometimes, usually Adverbs of frequency go before the main verb, but after be. He often goes out. NOT He goes olten-out; She's always late. NOT She'slate-always. + Expressions of frequency (every day, once a week, etc.) usually go at the end of a sentence, Thave English classes twice a week. * Use the present continuous for things happening now at this moment. My brother is work ‘AWhat are you doing? B Pim sending a text message to Sarah + Remember the spelling rules for the ~ing form, cook>cooking » study studying live>living "run >running Some verbs are not normally used in the present continuous, for example like, want, have (= possess), need. NOT Fm-needing to-talk to-younow. You can use that instead of who or which. other. ters. She's the girl who | that works with my I's thing which | that connects two com1A word order in questions Questions with do/ does/ did in present and past simple Ques ns with be, present continuous, and going to [Question word [Auxiliary | Subject | Tafinitve [= ver) SSeS Ta| Care| (oeiectve men Do you | live with your parents e verb + ing, etc. ) Does Jenny | like Chinese food? Is An a student Where do you live? ‘What they en 1g? . hat fooc does Jenny like’ i ven aiking shout? Wesiteed y be —_| | Where is he going to live? | + In the present simple use the auxiliary verb do / does to make questions, + In the past simple use the auxiliary verb did to make questions. + In these questions the subject goes after the auxiliary verb, member ASI (auxiliary, subject, infinitive) or QUASI question word, auxiliary, subject, infinitive) to help you with word order in present or past simple questions, present simple [__TiyeuTwe they The Take Tit FE] |Tusually work at home Danny knows me very well | =) They don't live near here. It doesn’t often rain here. 7) Doyou smoke? Does Nina like music? 7m) |y Yes, she does. No she doesn’t, Ido. ! No, don’t. Use the present simple for things you do every day, week, year, oor which are always true Remember the spelling rules for 3rd person singular s work>works add s study>studies consonant + y: y and add ies finish>finishes sh, sch, x: add es go>goes do>does have>has + Remember the word order in questions (AST and QUASI — see 1A above! 1C present continuous: be + verb + ing : he/ she/ it 4 Pmworking | You He We ‘reworking | She s working They Ik =) Pmnot working You He We aren't working) She isn't working| they TW] Are you working? Yes, 1am. No, Tm not Is he working? Yes, he is. No, he isn't 1D defining relative clauses with who, which, where ook is a person who works in a restaurant. ock is a thing which tells the time A post office is a place where you can y stamps. lative claus woman who won the lottery last year. ire we had dinner last week hich for a thing, and where for a place questions with be, make questions by inverting the verb and the subject If a verb is followed by a preposition (| ‘about, the preposition goes atthe iat are you talking about? T About what-are-youtalking. talk end of the question, adverbs and expressions of frequency + We often use present simple with adverbs of frequency (always, often, sometimes, usually, Adverbs of frequency go before the main verb, but after be. He often goes out. NOT He goes often out She's always late. NOT She'sJate-always, + Expressions of frequency (every day, 0 week, etc.) usually go at the end of a sentence. Thave English classes twice a week + Use the present continuous for things happening now, at this moment. My brother is working in Germany re you doing? ng a text message to Sarah + Remember the spelling rules for the -ing form, cook>cooking study >studying live>living run >running Some verbs are not normally used in the present continuous, for example lke, want, I need 10 tlk 10 you now NOT Fim needing to talk to-younow. You can use that instead of who or which. She's th who | that works with m; which other that connects two com to explain what a place, thing, or person is or does.A Put the word or phrase in the right pla: Howiare you? old in the question. you going to go out this evening? (are! 2 Where does your work? (sister 3 What music are you listening? (to) 4 Does finish at 8.00? the class 5 Why you write to m (didn’t) 6 Do you often to the cinema? (go! What this word mean? (does) What time did arriv your friends’ IB 1 Write sentences and questions with the present simple. he / usually get up late 1 Anna / like music [7 he / have a lot of hobbies [#1 a get on very well with my sister = He usually gets up late my brother / know me very well =] — e any children [7 Finish late (7 ? the film he / go out twice a week © we / often talk about politics 1c Grammar BANK Put the words in the right order to make questions. you live where do? Where do you live? you a do have car? older is brother your you than? often he how to write does you? this time start does what class? Ia languages how you many do speak? jing to evening her this? go where you summer did? 4 8 for waiting who you are? Complete with a verb in the present simple. Jive open not talk not work geton not have lis He -lives. in a flat the banks in the afternoon? 2 My sister 3 We usually _ many friends. to the news in the car. 4 She's quite shy. She 5 Jane 6 My cooker’s new, but it well with her boss? very well 4. Write sentences with the present continuous. b Complete the sentences with the present simple or present continuous. rain, [=] Itisn’t rain The gil in the painting -is playing the guitar (play 1 Hey! you / stand on my foot! 1 My dog's not dangerous. He — (not bite 2 they / play very well today © 2 Why ou sunglasses? It wear, rain 3 what / you study at the moment [7] 3 You can turn off the radio. I toit (not listen 4-we / think of you =] 41 to go to the bank any money. (need, not have) 5 she / wear make-up [Z 5 Be careful! The baby that pencil in her mouth! (put) 6 they / make / a big mistake & 6A you usually at weekends? cook, eat 7 your brother / work in London now B No, we normally out 7 AWhat you ___ here? (do, meet she / talk to her father at the moment a Sn ae ee 1D a Complete the definitions with who, which, or where « © Write sentences with who, which, or where serves you in a café that / the dog / always barks at ni make you laugh. ccuts the grass. It’s the person who 1 They're people 2 It’sa machine 3 It’san animal and has eight legs, That's the dog which always barks at night. lives next door to me 1 she / the woman 2 that / the shop / I bought my dress BA 3 hel th lives in the sea actor / was in Friends Isa room He's the person helps you with your luggage. 4 __ people try on clothes. 6 Isa kind of food keeps vampires away 4 they his / the restaurant ee at / the room / we have our meetings the children / broke my window they do great pasta e switch / controls the teacher / teaches my sister b Match the definitions and the pictures. MultiROM — wwwoup.com/elt/englishfile/pre-intermediate ntral heating co2A 2B 2c past simple regular and irregular You | He stayed ina hotel. didn’t stay in a hotel | She went on holiday. didn’t go on holiday. It We “They | [TAHILET | Did you stayin a horelt Yes did Did you go on holiday? No, I didn’ Use the past simple to talk about finished actions in th + The past simple isthe san + Use the infinitive after Di and questions, for all persons. and didn't for negatives past continuous: was / were + verb + ing aE You He wasworking We were working She They = T ‘You’ | He wasn't working We weren't working She They I _ — PIMA] | Was he working? Yes,he was No, he wa Were! ‘ey working? Yes, they were. No, they ws [eee + Use the past continuous to describe an action in progress ata 3 At six o'clock last nig! On fends in the country I was drivin I 1st I was staying with some questions with and without auxiliaries Questions with an auxiliary infinitive | past “work | worked stay stayed like liked (just add d if verb finishes in e study | studied ()>éafter a consonant stop stopped (if verb finishes in consonant-vowel-consonant, double the final consonant) + To make the past simple [#] of regular verbs add ed Remember the spelling rules. common verbs are irregular in [past simple, f ‘went, See the Irregular verb list on p.1 past simple or past continuous? ‘When I took the photo, they were writing a son Twas sitting at home when I saw the news on TV completed action the past continuous for an action in progress jere writing a song. | I was sitting at home specific moment in the past. Questions without an auxiliary Question | Auxiliary] Subject [Infinitive Subject Verb What music do you like? What happened | after the concert? Which CD did he buy? | Which country | won the Eurovision Song Contest? Who did you go with? Who writes their songs? To make questions in the past and present simple, + When the question word (Who? What? W Pa ‘we normally use the auxiliary verbs do / does! did is the subject of the verb in the question, w ean + the infinitive. auxiliary (do, does, did) and the verb is in the third person. What music do you like? NOT Whet-music you like? + The normal order for questions in the present and past is QUASI (See p.126 1A) so, because, but, although because and so Tast because she was ina hurry. (reason) so she was driving fast. (result 1¢ DJ because they didn't like the music. he music so Hannah spoke to the DJ. (resu use {0 express & express a res Who writes their songs? NOT Whe-doesweite their songs? but and although She tried to stop but she hit the man. Although she tied to stop, she hit the man. Tt was late but she couldn't slee She couldn't sleep although it was lat. ru + Although can go atthe be middle of the sentence. inning or in2A a Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple. (have) a holiday in S 15 280 weS_—__ (non) fin goed heel he te) Fee et at eligi tt €: 7 ames. Inaba Re nuch time and it (be) good, bait” ___ (eave 2B a Complete with a verb in the past continuous. ee a Grammar Bank | b Re-order the words to make questions. Wher id you go on holiday? go where holiday you on did? Because it was very modern and quite expensive. £500. how did cost plane much the ticket? b Put the verbs into the past simple or past continuous. 1 He met his wife when he in Japan. (work) She arrived when we were having dinner. (arrive, have) 2 They forus when we arrived. (wait) 1 my arm when I football. (break, play) 3 she a coat when she went out? (wear) 2 you ____ fast when the police you? 4 What you at 7.30 last night? (do) (drive, stop’ 3 1____when you gave the instructions. (not listen) 3 It when we the pub. (snow, leave ¢ [am sted eet drive) 4 1_____ the match because | __ (not see, work) 7 It when I woke up this morning. (not rain) 5 When you — me,1_____ to myboss. (cal talk) ig \ Cross out the wrong question. What you did did you do last night? 1 What happened / did happen to you? 2 What means this word / does this word mean? 3 How many people came / did come to this class? 4 Which bus goes / does go to the airport? 5 Which actor won / did win the Oscar this year? 6 What said the teacher / did the teacher say? Complete with so, because, but, or although. We couldn’ find a taxi _so_ we walked home. — it was very cold, she wasn’t wearing a coat. I woke up in the night —_ there was a noise. Icalled him —_ his mobile was turned off she's very nic, she doesnt have many friends 5 There was nothing on TV __ I went to bed. 6 All the cafés were full __ it was a public holiday. 7 She wanted to be a doctor she filed her exams, DLE Multinom — wowoup.comyett/englishfile/pr b Write the questions. Do you know the answers? Who -said_ ‘Hasta la vista, baby’? (say 1 How many Formula 1 world championships Ayrton Senna / win) 2 Which US president _ 3 Who 4 When = jelson Mandela 5 Who The Lord of the Rings? (write 6 What —__ — before he became a singer? the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990? (win the film Reservoir Dogs? (direct president of South Africa? become ) b Match the sentence halves and complete with so, be but, or although. 1 Twas tired last night _s0_ E A Lost yo i 2 She drove quite fast B it was het His English isnt very good C they didn’t h ooms. I phoned him at his office D he lived in the ‘wo years, 1's not feeling very we I didn’t write to you 6 He called the hotel I took her to a restaurant intermediate3A _going to ‘Pm going to work in a restaurant. She's going to meet me at the airport. ‘We aren’t going to stay very long. He isn’t going to like the weather there. 7) | Are you going to find a job? ‘When is your brother going to visit you? + Use (be) going 10+ infinitive to talk about future plans and predictions, Tm going to work in the UK for six weeks. (plan) I think it's going to rain this afternoon. (prediction) + When you use going to go, you can omit to go. Tm going to go to university next year cor I'm going to-go to university next year. 3B 3c 3D present continuous for future arrangements | [4] [ihm seeing some friends tonight. We're having dinner at their house tomorrow She isn’t leaving until Friday. They aren’t coming to the party What are you doing this evening? Is she meeting us at the cinema? + You can also use the present continuous for future arrangements which we have planned for a fixed time or place. + Don’t use the present simple for this. NOT Fsee-some friends tonight + The present continuous is especially common wit expressions fonight, tomorrow, this weekend, etc and with these verbs: go, come, meet, se, leave and arrive. +] = z ¥ T T T T T You You you you you He He he he he | She ‘Ilbelate. | She won't be late. Will she belate? Yes, she will, No, she won't, | kt iG it it it We We we we we They They they they ey Contractions: l= will; won't = will not + Use will/ won't + infinitive for future predictions. & (You can also use going to. See 3A above.) + The future of there is/are = there will be; the future of I can = I'll be able to NOT Fil-can, will (promises, offers, and decisions) Decisions | won't have the fish, ll have the steak ‘We'll take the 6.30 train, Offers | Tlhelp you with your homework. Shall I open the window? Promises | I'll always love you. Lwon't tell anyone. + We often use I think Tdon't think ...+ wil... [think he'll fail he cam. I don’t think he'll pass the exam. NOT Hhink-he wort pass Sometimes in [#) sentences with [and we, people use shail (n will), but this is very formal (for example, in a business lette I shall write to you when I have studied your case. + Use will wor't + infinitive for making decisions, offering, and promising. T'llhelp you with those bags. NOT Hhelp-you. + Use Shall I..? or Shall we ...? when an offer is a questior Shall I pay? Shall we call you tonight at 7.002 review of tenses: present, past, and future Tense [Example [use present simple T Live in the cy contre “Things that happen always oF usual | She doese't smoke. present continuous | He’s looking for a new job. That are happening now or in the near future Tm leaving tomorrow | past simple ‘We saw a good film lastnight, Finished actions in the past ee We didn't do anything yesterday i % pad continous He was working in Paris FeiSora haters i proarentat pe What were you doing at 7.002 i going 0 Tm going to see Tom toi Future plas and predicions, It’s going to rain. You'll love New York Pll phone her late Pithelp you. Pl pay you will won't i decisions, offers, and promises3A a Complete with going to + a verb. be buy get married not go not pass see snow stay What film —are 1 He's very lazy you going im sure he see tonight? his exams. anew flat? 3 You in class 3 next year 4 We camping next summer We 3 AWhen they 7 Bn October. 6 Its very cold, but I don't think it today 3B a Write sentences and questions with will won't Use contractions where you can. it /be difficult Ir be difficult. they / win = the meeting / be long [7 he / get the job 4 you / see him at the party (7 5 it/be impossible to park [= 6 you / like the film = she / love the chocolates we bought her 8 there / be a lot of trafic at 6.00 = 9 you / can find a good job 3c a Match the sentences. It's cold in here G 1 Pm thirst 2 Thave a headache 3 This exercise is hard. 4 I'm hungry. 5 These bags are heavy 6 I left my wallet at home, 7 Ineed that photo urgently 3D a Complete the sentences with an auxiliary verb. Where _did_ you have lunch yesterday? you often remember your dreams? 2 When your mother coming to stay? 3 you see the match last night? 4 Who you phoning last night? 5 Who you think win the elections? 6 your brother like classical music? 7 What you going to cook tonight? 8 it raining when you left? END Multizom — wwwoup.comy/elt/engiishile/pre-intermediate ina hotel A Pl help you to do it. call B Shall I make you a sandwich? C Shall I carry one for you? Dlllend you some money. > A Itsa secret. BI F I'll send it by e-mail now G Shall shut the window? H Shall [ turn off the music? 1 Plget youa glass of water Grammar BANK b Cross out the wrong form. Tick (v) if both forms are possible. Tsee / I'm seeing my boyfriend tonight. What are you doing / do you do after class today? Is it going to rain / raining tomorrow? We're going to go away / going away this weekend. P'm meeting / I meet Susan this evening, Where are you going to stay / staying in Paris? Hurry up! We're going to be late / being late. She's going to come / coming tonight b Complete the predictions with will / won't + a verb. be do have last make I don't think we'll have another war. This one is probably the last! Richard Nixon, 1971 (talking about the Vis He never Albert Einstein's tache 2 ‘No film about the Civil War ever An MGM executive 1945 (about the flm Gone With The 3 ‘It’sa bad joke. It ‘0c0 Ch — anything important in life. said to his father) 1895 a woman Prime Minister in my lifetime? 4 ‘Idon't think there Margaret Thatcher, 19 b Complete the sentences with will/ wor't (or shall) + a verb. forget have help pay take tell A What would you like? B I'll have. the pasta, A [can't open this window. B yout anyone, I promise. A When will [see you again? B I Can I borrow €50? 1 A It’s my birthday next week. B Don’t worry. I A don't feel very well. B I you tonight you back tomorrow. &S ‘ 7 b Put the verb in the right form A What ate we doing. tonight? (do) B We dinner with my sister. (have) A But we dinner with her last week! (have) 5 B Yes, but she to tell us some good news. (want A Oh, OK th I some champagne? (buy B Its 7.00! \ to you (happen)? A When 16 home I” to buy the champagne. (come, stop). And then I Jim in the shop... (meet) B Well hurry up. We late! (be)aA 4B ac 4D present perfect (experience) + ever, never T've (I have) Thaven't You've (You have) | You haven't He’s(Hehas) een to | | He hasn't She's (She has) | Pergn,| | She hasn't Its (Ithas) | Tehasn’t We've (We have) They've (They have) Have you worked in a bank? | Yes, I have. No, | | Hashe been to London? Yes present perfect or past simple? ‘A Have you ever been to Mexico? B Yes, I have. |_A When did you go there? present perfect + yet, just, already yet 1 Tacyou ed urbana | 3 Nonyet Tamers ye | + Use yer + the present sentences to ask if something that you think is going to happen has happened. + Put yetat the end of the sentence . comparative adjectives [Adjective | Comparative yehas. No, he hasn't B I went last year. + Use justin [) sentences to say that r + Use the present perfect to talk about past experiences tehen you don't sy exacly when they happened Tre been t London, NOT Fve been to-London lst yee My brother has worked abroad. «For regular verbs the past participle isthe same asthe pat Simple ed) or lregulr verbs se p55 + We often use the present perfect with ever (= in your life until now) and never. worked in abank, No, I've never been there. ‘Compare the present perfect of go and be. He's gone to Paris, = He's in Paris now “He's been to Paris, = He went to Paris and came back. haven't. | Conversations often begin in the present perfect (with a general reson) and then change to the past simple (with questions asking Br spect detals, whem where tho with etc) + Use the past simple to ask / say exactly when something happened already just ‘Do you want to see this film? B_ No, I've already seen it three times A. Shall I buy a newspaper? B_ No, I've already bought one. + Use already in sentences to say that something happened before now or earlier than expected + Put already before the main ver ‘A Would you like a coffee? B No thanks. I've just had one. My sister’ just started a new job. | | SSE a something happened very recently ut just before the main verb. comparative adverbs jest [Comparative “Tijccire| compere] [hort —Tahorer ‘one syllable: +er_ Regular [Irregular Big Digger ‘one vowel + one consonant quickly | more quickly | hard | harder eel double final consonant slowly | lessslowly | well better sy busier consonant + y: y+ier badly | worse relaxed[more relaxed two ot more syllables i _ _ more + adjective + Use comparative adjectives to compare people and things. good beter Trregular My brother taller than me 4 bad worse + Use comparative adverbs to compare actions, far further He drives more slowly than me. superlatives (+ ever + present perfect) + You can also use (not) as + (adjective / adverb) + as. I'm not as tall as my brother. He doesn't drive as fast as me. Adjective [Comparative | Superlative + Use the + superlative adjectives to say which is the biggest, et cold____| colder the coldest ina group. bok onan the hottest 10 the highest mountain in Europe. She's the best inthe clas. i eiiy | preter — {the prettiest — + We often use a superlative with the present perfec. {eesntfat— Fore beau —[ the most beat Russia isthe coldest place we've ever been to. good better | the best Its the most beautiful church Pve ever seen. bad | worse the worst far further the furthestGrammar Bank 4A a Write sentences or questions with the _b_ Right (v”) or wrong (x)? Correct the wrong sentences. present perfect. He's got up late this morning, ™ He got up late this morning. he/ ever /be there? Has he ever been there? 1 We've been to Ireland last year “ 1 you / ever buy / clothes from that shop? eirinee oul ever genete Baa? 2 1/ not read/ the newspaper today 3 Jane's gone to the bank. She'll be back soon 3 We / never be / to the new shopping centre. 4 [like your shoes. Where did you buy them? = : na bates fay ebroed ye Lee 5 I've seen that film last week. at 5 They / go/ to live in South America Sica 6 She / never fy / before. ep coneto hin 2 mewts 82 Fie eerie esate 7 My sisters a writer. She's written five novels. 8 you / eat /in this restaurant before? 8 World War I has ended in 1945. —— 4B a Order the words to make sentences. _b- Write sentences or questions with already, just or yet. 1 made have you yet your bed? he /arrive (already) He's already arrived. gone already to work she's 1 1/ have / breakfast (just 5 they / get married (just) Is UARo oe cae aad 2 you /finish your homework? (yet) 6 You'e too late. He / go home (already) sundae een Te, 3 the film / start (already) 7 you / speak to him? (yet) sent Tam antes eel 4 1/ not meet /his girlfriend (yet) 8 I/ not read his new book (yet) house already sold t ey've their. ac a Write comparative sentences. b Rewrite the sentences so they mean the same. Use as... as. Pe eons Mike is stronger than Jim. Jim isn't as Leases ore cocaine ar Naa Cindy is taller than Kelly Kelly isnt Your case is heavier than mine. My case isn't at Mexico City is bigger than London. London isnt Football is more popular than tennis. Tennis is’ my sister is / thin / me 2 I’m / busy/ this week / last week. 3 Cambridge is / far from London / Oxford, 4 I did the second exam / bad / the first. 5 Chelsea played /w - than adults. Adults don’t —__ 5 the men in my office work /hard/ the women. ¢ You, work harder than me 1 don't 6 my new job is / boring / my old one. 7 England didn’t See eas 5 Children learn languages faster France played better than Eng 4D a Complete the sentences with a superlative. b Write sentences with ever. 1 Yesterday was day of the year. (hot) I's the hottest country ve ever been to 2 Thais Timed though he cy cre. (od) 1 #/ god lace She's person in the class. (friendly) ee rr 2 Se ee eae ccna Gea 3 it hard exam he / do 5 The Tocmth bo vii Sap (good) a eee 6 It's ___ city in the world. (polluted) 6 che / bemutifil gil (/ cee MultiROM — www.oup.comyelt/englishfile/pre-intermediate5A 5B 5c 5D uses of the infinitive (with to) infinitive + 0 + Use 10+ the in — adjectives Ir isn’t easy t0 f } + The negative i Twant to go to the party I need to buy some new clothes. | Ie be nice to meet some new people. | [_ Bs important nt tobe late nfinitive after need, would like etc.) See Verb Forms p. 154. find a job. Nice to meet you. infinitive is not to + verb. Try not to be late tomorrow infinitive of purpose [A Why did you go to the party? B To meet new people. I went to the party to meet new people | verb + -ing Use verb + ing Eating outside in the summer makes me feel good Tove reading in bed. 'm thinking of buying a new car. | Smoking is bad f = after some vert Thate getting up have to, don’t have to, must, mustn‘t have to, don’t have to = as the subject of a sentence + Use 1+ the came to this school 10 learn En initive to say why you do something. lish. NOT for learn English, = after prepositions He left without saying goodbye. Remember the spelling rules for the -ing form (See p. 126 1C ) bs, like, love, hate, ‘enjoy, ete.) See Verb Forms p. 154 early must | mustn't =| +] | She has to get up at 7.00 every day __You have to drive on the left in the UK. ‘We don't have to wear a uniform at this school. He doesn't have to work on Saturdays. | Do I have to buy a grammar book? Does she have to study tonight? Don't contract have or has | have to go. NOT Fve-t0 go: + Use have to + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations, or to say something is necessary. + Use don’t have to ~ infinitive to say there is no obligation, or something is not necessary + Use do// does to make questions and negatives. Do I have to go? NOT Have He-go? Must and have to are very similar, but there isa small difference. We normally use have to for a general obligation {arrule at work or a law). We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation (for example, a teacher t0 Students or a parent to children), But often you can use either. expressing movement: go, etc. + preposition [The man went up the steps and into the church, I ran over the bridge and across the park. He drove out of the garage and along the street. + To express movement use a verb of movement, for example, go, come, run, walk, etc. and a preposition. of movement (up, down, etc.) +) | You must do your homework tonight. She must tidy her room before she goes out You mustn't smoke in class. | They mustn't leave their bags here {Use miust + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. You must turn off your mobile phones before coming + must / mustn't are the same for all persons. It is not often. tused in questions (have fo is more common). + Use mustn’t+ infinitive to say something is prohibited. You mustn + You can use mustn't or can't to talk about rules. You can't park here. smoke here. You mustn't park he ustn’t and don't have to have completely different meanings. Compare mustn't go = You can't go. It's prohibited. You don’t have to go = You can go if you want, but it's not obligatoryinecessary. + Be careful with in / into and out / out of. Use into out of + noun, but if there isn’t a noun just use in oF out Com living room. Come in. He went out of the house. He went out.5A a Complete with to + a verb. wve_a holiday next month, Pm planning 0 do notdrive go lear leave not make meet 1 A Hi, 'm Dagmar B I'm Renata, Nice you. 2. What do you want this evening? 3 Ineed —__ to the bank. I don’t have any money. 4 Ty ‘a noise. Your father’s asleep. 5 Td really ike a new language. 6 Be careful too fast on the way home. 7 She's decided her husband. 5B Complete the sentences with a verb in the -ing form, be do go talk teach remember study I don't really enjoy —doing_ exercise. 1 My mother’s very bad at 2 teenagers is very hard work. 3 You can't sing well without —__ 4. My sister spends hours on the phone to breathe properly to her boyfriend, 5 Thate the fist to arrive at parties. 6 by train is cheaper than by plane 7 Til goon until dinner time. 5C a Write sentences with the right form of have to. 1/ work on Saturday [=] I don’t have to work on Saturday hard © you / wear a uniform [I Jane / work very my sister / go to school 1/ finish this now 5 we / get up early tomorrow Harry / work tomorrow [7] we / hurry or we'll be late Cross out the wrong preposition My mobile stopped working when we went across / through ‘The plane flew on / over the town and then landed. We drove over / out of the bridge and in / ‘The cyclists went round / under the track three times, Sa ufm une MultiROM — www.oup.com/elt/englishfile/pre-intermediate They want to go to Australia 1 He's going to have a party You'll need a visa Don't for restaurant I stopped att She’s gone to the supermarket went to the travel agent's T'll send them a text message Complete the sentences with have to, don’t have to, or mi She ran to / down the lake, and jumped into / out of the wate: If you go over / past the church, you'l see my house on the | He walked along / across the street until he got to the chemists ; The policeman walked towards / to me, but then he stopped. to the city centre, PLU LU Lg Match the sentence halves. D A to celebrate getting the job. B to get some petrol C to book our tickets, eto phone the -to-visit their family there, E to tell them where we are. © garage F to go to China, G to book a table. H to get some food for tonight. Put the verbs in the -ing form or infinitive. [like listening to music. (listen) 1 yoga is good for your health. (do) 2 We've decided to the party. (not go) 3 We won't take the car. I's impossible — park) 4 Tim not very good at maps. (read 5 You can borrow the car if you promise slowly. (drive) 6 Have you finished _____ your homework? (do) I don’t mind but hate. (cook, wash up) We don't have to. work tomorrow. It’s a holiday. You —___ touch those animals. They're dangerous. We take the bus to school. It’s too far to walk. The concert is free. You pay. It’ late. 1____ go now. You leave the door open ~ the cats will come in. You come if you don’t want to. I can go on my own, In Britain you drive on the left. You be very tal to play football b Complete the sentences with in, into, out, or out of He jumped —intto_ his car and drove away. 1 Like to go — on a Friday night 2 Come —___.. The door’s open. He took his passport his jacket. He walked the café and ordered a coffee6A if + present, will + infinitive (first conditional) I miss the bus, Pl get a taxi You can also use the imperative or can. | She won't be angry if you tell her the truth, If you miss the bus, get a taxi What will you do ifit rains? us, You can get a taxi. + Use if + present, will + infinitive to talk about a possible future situation and its consequence. + The ifclause can come first or second. Ul come if you like. OR If you like, I'll come. 6B if + past, would + infinitive (second conditional) a= ssi | The if phrase can come first or second. If I saw, a bear Id run, OR I'd run if I saw a bear. + Remember with can, use could + infinitive, not would-can, + Use if + past, would + infinitive to talk about an improbable / If Thad a car, we could drive there. impossible or hypothetical future situation and its consequence. Ifa bear attacked me, I'd run away. = I'm imagining this situation. It's very improbable. + would | wouldn't is the same for all persons. + The contraction of would is d (I'd, you'd, hed, etc.) and of would not is wouldn't a bear attacked me, I'd run away I didn't have children, | wouldn't live in the country. Would you take the manager’ job if they offered it to you? Sate ee ‘With the verb be you can use were (instead of was) after Iand he/ she/ it If he was were here, hed help you. Use were (not was) in the expression If I were you. We often use this expression for advice. First and second conditionals ‘Compare the first and second conditionals: Use the first conditional for possible future situations. If Thave time tomorrow, I'll help you. (= maybe I will have time) Use the second conditional for improbable / impossible or hypothetical situations. If Thad time tomorrow, I'd help you. (= I won't have time. 6C — may / might + infinitive (possibility) ‘We might have a picnic tomorrow, but it depends on the weather. You can also use May I... / May we... to ask I might not go to the party. I haven't decided yet, for permission. I may go to the party, but I'm not sure May I use your phone? (= can 1 use your phone) may not have time to do everything today. Might not and may not aren't usually contracted. + Use might/ may and might not/ may not +infinitive to talk about a future possibility It might / may rain, = It's possible that it will rain. + Might | May (not) is the same for all persons, I might / may, he might | may, we m ight | may, ete 6D should / shouldn't (advice) 1 think you should change your job. The government should do more for old people, + Use should / shouldn't + infinitive to give somebody advice or say what you think isthe right thing to do. You should cut your hair. = I think it would be a good idea. + should | shouldn't + infinitive is the same for all persons. + You can also use ought t0/ ought not to instead of should / shouldn't. You ought to change your job.6A a Match the sentence halves. Ifyou G 1 twill be chez 1 don’t see you later, You'll learn more fe now A If you get the job, You wor’t have time If Tend you this book, 6B a Match the sentence halves. You'd feel much better 1 Td enjoy the weekend more b if you don't start now. B will you give it back to me? you'l-catch the 8.00-rain, if you go by bus. Pl see you on Friday. if you come to every class will you earn more money? A. we could go shopping, B Td get a new job. Grammar BANK Complete with the correct form of the verbs, If you _tell. me your secret, | won't tell anybody. (tll, not tell) 1 If we walking, the bus (start, come] 2 He angry if you him. (be, not tell) 3 If it down, 1 ____ it. (not write, not remember 4 you me if you any news? call, get 5 If you ____ her nicely, she ____ you. (ask, help! 6 You ifyou ‘not pass, not study) b Complete with the correct form of the verbs. u 1 good job, | would move to the USA. find, move) 1 We he house if i a garden. 2 Ifyou stayed for another day, _C ifyou-stopped smoking CE aaa 3, Would you wear it D if went to live in China? 2 1g] eee 1 ry 4 If were you, E if [bought it for you? know, phone wouldn't work F ifl didn't need the money. 3 You more if you ______ harder. 6 Would you come with me G if I didn't have to work. a eats 4 Ifyou for a week, you — see oon everything. (stay, can) 5 We our son more often if he — nearer. (see, live) 6 1___—_ to the doctor's if 1 __ you. (go, be) 6c a Match the sentence halves. b Complete the sentences with mi Take your umbrella D A You might fall becold beill be inameeting _gotothe-cinema 1 Let buy a lottery ticket. B Itmight not be your size. not have time _notlike twin 2 Phone the restaurant C We might get lost Saar aah Satna d ‘m not sure what to do tonight. I might goto the ci 2 Dae 1 Kate wasn't in class today. She oleh et Eee ee 2 He isn't answering his phone. He 5 Try the shirt on, F You might cut yourself 3 ye an unusual film. You 6 Don't wait for me. G It might be dlosed 4 Tdon't know if Tl finish eT ‘on Sundays 5 Ita difficult match but we 7 Be careful with that knife H We might win 6 Take your coat. It = 6D a Complete with should or shouldn't b_ Complete the sentences with sho! a verb. You —should — stop smoking. San aT RT we You cat red meat. = 2 You work 12 hours a day. We alot of cet 3 You lose a bit of weight. 1 You — d toda 4 You ______eat more fruit 21 mo 5 You drink alot of coffe. 3 You eta tax 6 You put salt on your food 4 She — 7 You start doing some exercise 5 People g 6 You : re ELD Multiom — wwwoup.com/elt/englishfile/pre-intermediateTA present perfect + for and since A. Where do you liv B In Manchester: A. How long have you B Tvellived there since 1990. Where do you work? B In How long have you worked there? B_ I've worked there for five yea You can't use the present simple bi NOT Hew-long do-youlive here? Hive in Manchester since 1980. states Use since with the beginning of a period of time. for example, since 1980, since last June, et Te been afraid of water ince I was a child Use for + a period of time, for example, for weeks, for ten years, ec three months + Use the present perfect + for or since to talk about actions and which started in the past and are still true now, T've lived in Manchester since 1990. = I came to live in Manches in 1990 and [live in Manchester now. + Use How long? to ask questions about the duration of an action or a state. present perfect or past simple (2) ? 7B Don't use since with the past simple NOT He-was Prime Minister since 1999 You have to use from...t0 He was Prime Minister fron How long has Tarantino been a director? He's been a director since the 1980s. How many films has he made? He’s made six films. How long was Hitchcock a director? He was a director for 50 lms did he make? He made 52 1999. resent perfect + how long, for and since to talk about a peiod of time from the past until now rt married for 10 years. (= 'm married now. + Use the past simple + how long? and for to talk about a finished period of time i How long was he married? He was married for two years. (= He's not married now. a =] =] z v * 1 dt 1 T | You You you fou ou He He ; he he he Ge used to She Reese Did [fuse to wear glasses? | Yes, {p. did. No, (5. didn't TPS wear glasses. a a ae We We they they they They They s used fo only exists in the past. + Use used t0/ didn't use to + infinitive for things that happened repeatedly or over a long period of time in the past, but are usually not true now, for example for things which happened when you were a chil Tused to have long hair. I used to play in the street. I didn't use to have a TV + You can also use the past simple here. had lon ig hair when I was a c passive: be + past participle Present + 7D I isn't made with past They aren’t cleaned on Saturdays. Risotto is made with rice These offices are cleaned every morning. Past + [Guernica was painted by Picasso. he pyramids were built by t It wasn’t painted by Dali They weren't built by the Greeks. ‘gyptians. + You can offen sy things in two ways in the ative or int sso painted Guernica. (active) Guernica was painted by Picasso. + In the active sentence, the focus is more on the person (e.g, Picasso). + In the passive sentence the focus is more on the painting (e.g Guerni + You can also use the passive when it's not known or not important who does or did the action. My car was 5 the passive passive) len last week. (I don't know who stole it. Don't use use t0 for 5 habs Use the present simple + usual Tusually cook in the evenings NOT Fuse to-cook in-the evenings 2 Ts it made with meat? Are they cleaned on Sundays? 7 ‘When was it painte Why were ney built? + Make the present passive with ‘am | is/are + the past participle + Make the past passive with was were + the past participle + Use by to say who did the actior The Lord of the Rings . by ToGramMaR BANK TA a Write questions with How long and the present perfect b Answer the questions in a, Use the present perfect + for ot you/be married How long have you been married? = 1 he / have his car 2 ae 2 your parents / lived in this house 2 ere 3 you / be a teacher 2 we 1990, 4 she / know her boyfriend 2 May. 5 Poland / be in the EU 2 BL 6 you / have your dog SEE 8 2 about two years. 7 Tim / be frightened of water 2 Ree 7B a. Right (v) or wrong (x)? Correct the wrong sentences. b Complete with the present perfect or past simple, She is married since 1990, ¥ She's been married since 1990, 1 A Where does Joanna live now? 1 He has left school last year B In Washington, 2 Lived in Brighton for two years, Aare theret (she / live) PE AED B For six months. She — there in February. (move 2A When 2 (Picasso / die) 3 She lives in Hollywood since 200: 4. My sister has had her baby yesterday ee Beaten tie 5 I work in a bank. I work there for twenty years. B Fora long time. He Spain when he was 25. (leave] 6 The city has changed a lot since I was a child. A. My sister and her husband get on very well 7 They're divorced now. They have been married for a year. B How long m: 7 b Make sentences with 1 didn’t use to, or did ... use to. a Look at how James has changed, Write five sentences about how he was THEN cou / have long hai THEN He didn't use 10 be slim. na Did osm ove ng ha where / you / goto school 1 short hait f & : ge 2 ke vegetables when Tas a child = (I g set ce 3 my sister / hate maths at school = ater ° aes \ 4 what / you / doin the summer om. 5 they / live near here [=] f = 6 this building / be a cinema * 7 your brother / study here 7D b_ Rewrite the sentences in the passive. a Complete with present or past passive. Shakespeare wrote Hamlet in 1603. The Eiffel Tower —was built in 1889. (build) Hamlet was written by Shakespeare in 1603. 1 All the singer's clothes specially forher. (make) 1 Last night the police stopped us 2 The grass —_ every month. (cut) sea 3 2 American teenagers eat a lot of fastfood 3 Australia by Captain Cook in 1770. (discover pinerlcmaseae t. 4 This morning up by the neighbour's dog. (wake) 3 Toulouse Lautrec painted At the Mou 5 Cricket _ in the summer in the UK. (play) at the Moulin Ro 6 These songs last year. (record) 4 The marketing manag 7 Most children in state schools. (educate) ingen hoe a) oe alians make Fiat cars. MultiROM — www.oup.com/elt/englishfile/pre-intermediate ta8A something, anything, nothing, etc. | eae" 14 + Dana [X] short =Janswer | | 4 Things [someting [nothing Zizi Dik? i. ts i {nothin Somebodysin \samybodyn There sot anybody Places _| somewhere nowhere thebathoom the batroom? inthe Baroom «Use somebody, something, someone et. hen you don't say + Use nobody, nothing, nowhere in short =] answers or in a sentence (with a [#] verb). Who's in the bathroom? Nobody:. Nobody's in the bathroom NOT Anybody isin-the bathroom. + Somebody, Nobody, etc. are the same as Someone, No one,etc exactly who, what, or where, Somebody broke the window. T went somewhere nice at the weekend. + Use anything, anybody, anywhere in questions or with a =) verb. I didn’t do anything last night. NOT Fdide't-do-nothing: 8B quantifiers 00, too much, too many + Use t00, too much, too many to say'more than is good’ + Use too + an adjective NOT Fim-too-much-tired. + Use too much + uncountable nouns (e.g, coffe, time! + Use 100 many + countable nouns (e.g. cakes, people’ [Tm stressed. I have too much work. My diet is unhealthy I eat too many cakes and sweets. T don’t want to go out. 'm too tired enough a litle, a few B Yes, ust alittle B Yes, but justa few. ‘A Do you take sugar? A. Do want some chips? Can you buy a few bananas? Teat allttle meat I drink very little coffee. He has very few friends. Do you eat enough vegetables? I don' drink enough water This dress isnt big enough + Use enough before a noun to mean ‘all that is necessary: + Use enough after an adjective. + Use a little / very littleand a few/ very few to talk about small quantities. + Use alittle very litle with uncountable nouns and a few / very few with countable nour 8C word order of phrasal verbs + With these verbs you can put the particle (om, off et.) before or after the « Every morning I get up at 800. | Then I turn on the radio. | Lalways have to look for my glasses. | + Aphrasal verb = verb + particle (preposition ‘or adverb) get up, turn on, look for. 1 Some phrasal verbs don't have an object Come in and sit down. What time do you get up? 2 Some phrasal verbs have an object Put on your coat OR Put your coat on. Turn off the TV OR Turn the TV off. + When the object is a pronoun (me, it him, etc.) it always goes bets and particle Here’ your coat. Put it on, NOT Putonit Idon tch TV. Turn it off. NOT Turn off it 3 Some phrasal verbs have an object and are inseparable. Tn looking for my keys Tm looking for them. the verb With these phrasal verbs, the verb (Jook) and the particle (for) are never separati I looked after my litle sister. NOT Hooked-my litte sister-after, I looked after her. NOT Hooked: her-after. and are separable. Put on your coat. Turn off the TV 8D so, neither + auxiliaries + Use So do I something in common with somebody, Neither do I, etc to say that you have + The auxiliary you use depends on the A I love football love football. So do L B So dol. f Tocat 0 university,| * Use So + auniliary + 1 with postive sentences I didn't like the film. Neither did B Sodid ‘AT'm happy. B So.am I. NOT So-tam Tan swim. So can I X Tecnot married | * Use Neither + auxiliary + Iwith negative sentences. I wasn't very tired. Neither was B Neither am Aim not hungry. B Neither arn I I've been 10 Spain. So have L A I don't smoke. NOT Nelther-tam, I woulde’t ike to go there. Nether would .Peru Ue LOLs 8A h compli i b Answer with Nobody, Nowhere, or Nothing. a Complete with something, anything, no! SCO Seer eee re What did you do last night? . amare 2. Where did you go yesterday? = 1 Are you doing tonight 3 Who did you see? is 2 ‘phoned when you were out. He said he'd call back ater. 3 I've seen your car keys but I can't remember where. ¢ Answer the questions in b with a full sentence. 4 Did come while I was out? ' = = I didn't do —____ 5 Did you go exciting last night? 1 a 6 ve bought you ~ for your birthday Ler 7 I knocked at the door but ___ answered. 8 We went shopping but we didn't buy 8B a Cross out the wrong form. b Complete the sentences with too, too much, too many, or enough. How much / many meat do you eat? You eat 100 much red meat. It isn't good for you. 1 I drink too / too much coffee. 1 My father’s not very fit. He doesn’t do exercise. 2 I eat too much / too many biscuits. 2 L can’t walk to work. It’s — far 3 Idon’t drink enough water / water enough. 3 There are — cars on the roads today I cant go. Lam too / too much busy. «dont sleep only five or six hours, but I really need eight You werk too much / to mazy 5 Twas — tired to go out lastnight. only drink a few / alittle coffe. 5 6 There were people at the party, soit was imposible to dance. 1 don’t have enough time / time enough. ae ae meee es He has a few /a little good friends. 8c a Complete the sentences with a particle from the box. Tick the sentences in a where the particle (om, off, etc.) afier away back down (x2) for off on up could also go after the object. ‘Turn off your mobile before you come into class. 7 ¢ Complete the sentences with it or them and a particle. 1 Tum ____ the radio. Its too loud. away off (x2) _on_up (x3) 2. What time do you usually get in the morning? aE rn 3 John phoned when you were out. He'll call ____ late 2 Your clothes are all over the floor. Pick - 4 My brother is looking ‘anew job. seers I think you should throw those old jeans. i What does iste een LO 6 [always try ___ new clothes before 1 buy them. 5 Your shoes are wet. Take — 7 Thhave to look ry little sister tonight 6 I don’t need those papers. Throw 8 You should write new words in your book, 7 Don't watch the TV now. Turn 8D a Complete B’s answers with an auxiliary verb. b Respond to A. Say you are the same. A Tike coffee B So —do_ 1 Use So... or Neither...1 ‘A Ym really hungry. B So 1 A I dont like whisky 2 A Ididn’t go out last night. B Neither I 1 A L live near the schoo 3 A Iwas born in Liverpool. B So___ I. 2A I'm not afraid of snakes. 4A [don't smoke. B Neither I 3A L went to bed early aoe 5 A I’ve been to Bangkok. B So. 4A [haven't been to China 6 A Lean't swim B Neither L 5 A [don't have any children. - 7 A Td like to go to India BSo___1 6 A Ican speak three languages. 8 A I sawa film last night. B So 1 7 A Lalways have breakfast mei ELVD Multizom — wwwoup.com/ett/englishfile/pre-intermediate cE—— 9A _ past perfect T T You You He He Shed seen the film before. | She hadn't seen the film before. It It We We ‘ey _ + Use the past perfect when you are already talking abs an 2 the past, and want to talk about an earlier past acti contractions: I'd =Thad__Thadn' Yhen I woke up the garden was all white, = Top one It had snowed in the night. arrived at the coffee bar twenty minutes late and m Trae aes [aL Tends had ale you you ou + Make the past perfect with had /hadh'-+ the pas Had seen it before? | Yes, ME, had. |No Pf, hadn't.) Partcpl she she she + The past perfect is the sime fr all persons. [they they they Be careful I'd can be I had or I would. 9B reported (or indirect) speech reported sentences reported questions “Direct speech | Reported speech [Direct speech | Reported speech love you. He said (that) he loved her. ‘Do you want He asked her if she wanted to dance? to dance, “Lwant to see you He told her (that) he wanted He asked her where she lived + te bp voc i ad Sane eerie Hove you. He said (that) he loved her. = the tenses change in exactly the same way as in Have your pres mncieyun ir + Other tenses change like this: we don't use do / did. Direc speech | Reported pew +d Teanhelpyou! | Hesaid (that heeouldhelpme | ‘He asked me what I wanted. He told me (that) he would phone me. NOT Heasked-me what did F want Pll phone you if the question b do, can, etc. add if “L met agit He told me (that) he had met a girl Deyn emia Hea hr ‘ve broken He said (that) he had broken his leg = ee erie She asked h could sing. + thats optional after say and tell. fee eae + Pronouns also change in reported speech, for example changes to he / she, etc “> She told me that she was comin 2 iB He asked her if she was fhe had You can use said or told in reported speech but they are used differently. You can't use said with an object or pronoun NOT He said her he loved her You must use fold with an object, He told her that he loved her NOT he told that9A a Match the sentence halves. Tcouldn't 1 When our friends arrived T took the sweater back because Jack didn’t come with ws. D Pd forgotten my keys. 4 [turned on the TV E Thadn’t turned off 5 Jenny was nervous because F he had bought me the wrong size. 6 When the film started G we hadn't finished cooking the dinner At work I suddenly remembered that H to see what had happened. t into my flat because «DA He had made other plans. B [ realized that I'd seen it before. it was the first time she had flown, b Complete the sentences. Put the verbs in the past simple or past perfect. We — didn a table in the restaurant because we /iadn's booked. (no' he kitchen window. (get, bre not book (phone, leave) Make reported questions. fe asked her if she wanted to dance Mike asked me if | She asked me asked them VL Maria because she her hair. (not recognize, cut 2 My friend to tell me my jacket in the cat 3 When I the TY, the match (turn on, finish 4 She me the book because she tyet. (not lend, finished) 5 He all his exams because he at all. (fail, not study 6 When we — home we saw that somebody 3B a Write the sentences in reported speech. b Hesaid, ‘Tlove you’ He told her that Do you want to dance? he loved her 1 ‘Tmitired She said that she Do you like football? 2 ‘Idon'tlike He told her he 2. ‘What musi rock music. ine do you like? 3 ‘ll book He said 3 ‘Are you tired? arable 4 ‘Tvebought Paul told usd 4 ‘Have yous anew car = z to New York? 5 ‘Iliveinthe She said that she city centre, 6 ‘Weeandoit? They said that 7 ‘Lsaw the film Tlie said that on TV. ‘Where did you ive before? ‘Can you swim? ‘Where are fou from? MultiROM — www.oup.com/elt/englishfile/pre-intermediate He asked meay STL lat/in/ on Complete the chart with at, in, oF on. SpeUPLACE Countries Buildings Transport and cities a shop, a museum | a bike, a bus, tain, plane, a ship (not ca France, Paris Closed spaces a surface Rooms «park, agarden oor, table, ashe the kitchen balcony, the roof the wal por, the sta +. 2 TIME c "ail Months ‘Years Dates Times February, June 2004 March Ist 6 o'clock, half past tw Seasons Times of day Days Festival periods winter morning, afternoon, | Tuesday, New Year's Day, Christmas, Easter evening (aot night) | Vales b Look at the chart for a few minutes. Then test a partner: ‘A (book open) say a place or time word, e.g. Paris, Tuesday, et. B (book closed) say the preposition (at, in, or on). Swap roles. © pig 2 Prepositions of movement Match the prepositions and pictures. under (the railway line along (the street) round / around (the lake) through /@ru:/ (the tunnel into (the shop) across (the road) cover (the bridge) up (the steps) past (the church) towards /ta'wordz! (the lake) 1 down (the steps) out of (the shop) b Cover the prepositions. Where did the dog go? It went down the steps. © ps8 weekendrece U at LOLS 1 Opposite verbs a Match the verbs a d pictures. Opposite buy (a house) swin (a match) - lend (money to somebody find /lu:z/ (your keys) (the door me pass (an exam| is get (a name) the TV send (an e-mail) miss (a train) b Find the opposite verbs in the box. Write them in the Opposite column borrow (from somebody) catch fall get//receive Jearn leave lose (x2) pull remember sell turn off ¢ Cover the verbs and look at the pictures. Remember the verbs and their opposites. Ops 2 Confusing verbs a Match the verbs and pictures. clothes abag meet hope that som. good will watch look at 1v 4 photo look look like happy your mother © p.64 b Cover the words and phrases and look at the pictures, Test yourself or a partner. MultiROM www.oup.com/elt/englishfile/pre-intermediate ia Match the phrases and the pictures. get + adjective get divorced 1 get angry get fit get married get lost get + comparative get older get worse get better get = buy / obtain get a job get a ticket get a flat Sp get a newspaper SS a Ve get + preposition (phrasal verbs) get on (well) with get on (opposite 0 get into (opposite out of 9 get up % get = arrive get to work get home get to school 7 get = receive geta salary get aletter get a present get an e-mail ‘Cover the words and look at the pictures. Test yourself ora partner: Opn MultiROM www.oup.com/elt/englishfile/pre-intermediatea Match the se fences and the pictures. We often stay up late at the weekend. The match will be over at about Idon’t my father. I need to smoking. your clothes. that letter the music! It's very loud, the TV! I can’t hear. 1 He the words in a diction ould you fill in this form? I want to about hotels in Madrid. Please that towel b Cover the sentences and look at the pictures. Remember the phrasal verbs. ¢ Look at these other phrasal verb from Files 1-7. Can you remember what they mean? the TV the TV (clothes) P clothes) (clothes) (something you've borrowed ‘something to a shop later! ‘money you've borrowed) "en = no object. The verb and the particle (on, up, etc.) are never separated. I get up at 7.30 = + object. The verb and the particle (on, up, etc.) are never separated Look for your keys, NOT Look-your keys for. ‘object. The verb and the particle (on, up, etc.) can be separated Turn the TV on, OR Turn on the TV Ops MultiROM www.oup.com/elt/englishfile/pre-intermediate (achild ‘something you've lost the holidays)A Verbs + infinitive decide to forget to help to hope to learn to need to offer to plan to pretend promise to *remember to start “try to want to would like to © ps3 B Verbs + -ing en finish 0 on (=continue) hate like ne (don't) mind spend (time) “start stop © pss 72 We decided to go to France. Don’t forget to turn off al the lights. He helped her to start the car. ‘We hope to see you again soon. 'm learning to drive. need to go the bank. I don't have any money He offered to take me to the airport. They're planning to get married soon, He pretended to be ill, but he wasn’t realy. He promised to pay me back. Remember to bring your dictionaries tomorrow She started to ery Pm trying to find a job, but it’s very hard. A start can be used with both the infinitive I want to go home. and verb + -ing with no real difference in Td like to buy a new car, a It started raining. I started to rain. start + -ingis more common when we talk about a habit or a longer activity I started working here in 1998, Menloyreatind in bes When did you start playing the piano? Have you finished getting dress try and remember can also be used + ing but the meaning is different. Why don't you try doing yoga? = experiment with something Do you remember meeting him last year? I don't mind cooking. It's OK. = remember something after it happened She spends hours talking on the phone. Ihave to go on working until 9 o'clock. hate getting up early. Like having lunch in the garden. love waking up on a sunny morning After make and let use the infinitive without to. me feel good. My parents don't let me go out during the week. I started reading this book last week. : Singing makes Please stop talking. MultiROM www.oup.com/elt/englishfile/pre-intermediateTDR COC ree aC OLS C Irregular verbs Infinitive Past simple Past participle be was een make made become became become meet fet begir be begun paid break broke broken put put (pot bring brought /bro:t brought read read /red build built. /bal built ring fang rang buy ought /bost bought run ran run can Zould /kud) say Said sed catch éaught /kott aught saw Isou come came sold sold cost fost sent choose chose sing fang cut a shu shut do 5. st sak af drink sleep slept slept drive speak spoke poken eat spend spent spent fall fallen stand stood /stud stood ee fel steal stole stole find found found swim ‘swam sw flew /Mus flown /flaon take fook /tuk forgot forgotten teach taught got got tel told sve iven think hought though go went gone throw hrew (Orv thrown /@rsun grow grew for grown nd have had had wok hear heard Mha:d heard wea swore worn h hit hit win won wand won Kept. kept ‘wrote written knew /njus known /naun Tearnt Tearni left lef lent lent let fet let lose lost lost MultiROM wwow.oup.com/elt/englishfile/pre-intermediate E