Jr1 - ESM 1

LEGO Education Early Simple Machine
Table of Contents
1. LEGO Element Survey ........................................................................................... 1
2. Activities
2.1 Lesson 1a - Seesaw (Levers) .............................................................................. 3
2.2 Lesson 1b - Stamper (Levers) ............................................................................ 6
2.3 Lesson 2a Car and Launcher (Wheels and Axles)...................................... 9
2.4 Lesson 2b Cab and Trailer (Wheels and Axles) ......................................... 12
2.5 Lesson 3a Crane (Pulleys) ............................................................................. 15
2.6 Lesson 3b Fan (Pulleys).................................................................................. 18
2.7 Lesson 4a The Crowns Eyes (Gear - Direction) ....................................... 21
2.8 Lesson 4b Guess the Colour (Gear - Direction) ....................................... 24
2.9 Lesson 5a Marry-Go-Round (Gear - Speed) ............................................. 28
2.10 Lesson 5b Food Mixer (Gear - Speed) ..................................................... 31
2.11 Lesson 6a Winch (Crown Gear) ............................................................... 34
2.12 Lesson 6b Turnstile (Crown Gear) .............................................................. 37
2.13 Lesson 7a Car with Crane (Worm Gear) ................................................. 40
2.14 Lesson 7b Measuring Wheel (Worm Gear) .............................................. 43
3. Problem Solving Activities
3.1 Wind Speed Tester ............................................................................................ 46
3.2 A Carnival Ride ................................................................................................. 50

LEGO Element Survey
1x 1x 1x
LEGO DUPLO girl LEGO DUPLO boy Brick with eyes, oval, 2x4x2, yellow
4271511 4502103 81981
4x 4x 2x
Brick with arch, 2x3, red Brick with holes, 2x4, red Plate, 2x4, yellow
230221 75349 4160152
3x 5x
Brick, 2x2, yellow Brick, 2x4, yellow
343724 301124
2x
Bridge element, 2x4x2, yellow
4221004
2x 4x
Brick, 2x2, red Brick, 2x4, red
343721 301121
2x
Beam, 7-module, yellow
652424
3x 3x
Brick, 2x2, green Brick, 2x4, green
343728 301128
4x
Beam, 11-module, yellow
652524
2x
Brick, 2x8, red
419921
2x
String with hook, yellow
75536
2x
Brick with holes, 2x10, red
75350
1
LEGO, the LEGO logo and DUPLO are trademarks of the LEGO Group. 2008 The LEGO Group. 82
LEGO Element Survey
2x 4x 1x
Gear, 24-tooth crown, blue Axle with gear, Worm gear, blue
4501054 5-module, 8-tooth, blue 4271573
652323
6x
Connector peg, handle, yellow
2x 4493718
Gear, 24-tooth crown, red
652921 2x
Axle with gear,
8-module, 8-tooth, blue
4113296
2x
Belt, blue
71059
2x 7x
Gear, 40-tooth crown, yellow Axle, 6-module, grey
4501044 4211534
15x
Hub / pulley wheel, yellow
4271570 5x 1x
Axle, 8-module, green Gear block, transparent
652128 4113297
4x
Tyre, black
4514411
1x 1x
Plate, 6x12, green Plastic forms sheet, green
4281607 4520270
2
LEGO, the LEGO logo and DUPLO are trademarks of the LEGO Group. 2008 The LEGO Group. 83
Lesson 1a Seesaw (Levers)
Topics : -
- Seesaw (Levers)
Learning Objectives : -
- Students are able to understand that a lever model

can be created by allowing part of the structure to
revolve round or pivot on
o A single point
o An axle
- Students are able to understand the practical uses of
levers and explore ways of creating a balancing
scale (first-class lever).
Learning Activities :-
- Learn how to translate a real-life structure (seesaw)

into an Early Simple Machines model.
3
Lesson 1a Seesaw (Levers)
Exercise
Fill in the correct answers.

Balance or imbalance?
1.
balance
imbalance
2.
4
Weekly Assessment
Date : ________________________
Activity : Lesson 1a Seesaw (Levers).
1) LEGO Construction
5 4 3 2 1
2) Written Answers
5 4 3 2 1
3) Teamwork
5 4 3 2 1
Remark:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Marking Scheme:
5 Excellent 4 Good 3 Moderate 2 Poor 1 Fail
5
Lesson 1b Stamper (Levers)
Topics : -
- Stamper (Levers)
- Students are able to understand that a more

complicated lever model can be created by
allowing parts of the structure to revolve round or
pivot on multiple points or axles.
- Students are able to understand the practical uses of
levers and explore ways of creating a more
complicated lever.
- Learn how to apply two parallel levers (beams) in an

Early Simple Machines model (stamper) to lift and
lower a weight.
6
Lesson 1b Stamper (Levers)
Exercise
Axle
2
Beam
Brick with
holes
7
Weekly Assessment
Date : ________________________
Activity : Lesson 1b Stamper (Levers).
5 4 3 2 1
2) Written Answers
5 4 3 2 1
3) Teamwork
5 4 3 2 1
Remark:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Marking Scheme:
8
Lesson 2a Car and Launcher

(Wheels and Axles)
Topics : -
- Car and Launcher (Wheels and Axles)
- Students are able to understand that heavy loads

can be moved with less effort when rollers or wheels
are used to reduce friction.
- Students are able to understand that a wheel needs
an axle to hold it in place to allow it to turn.
- Students are able to understand that wheels and
axles enable the model to move on a different plane
(forwards and backwards).
- Learn how wheels can be used to move a complete

model (car) rather than just part of a model.
- Allow children to experiment with the force of
launcher which is necessary to start the car moving.
9
Lesson 2a Car and Launcher

(Wheels and Axles)
Exercise

1
Tyre
2
Plate
3 Brick with
arch
Brick
10
Weekly Assessment
Date : ________________________
Activity : Lesson 2a Car & Launcher
(Wheels and Axles).
5 4 3 2 1
2) Written Answers
5 4 3 2 1
3) Teamwork
5 4 3 2 1
Remark:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Marking Scheme:
11
Lesson 2b Cab and Trailer

(Wheels and Axles)
Topics : -
- Cab and Trailer (Wheels and Axles)
- Students are able to understand that heavy loads

can be moved with less effort when rollers or wheels
are used to reduce friction.
- Students are able to understand that a wheel needs
an axle to hold it in place to allow it to turn.
- Students are able to understand that both the use of
wheels to allow movement of a complete model,
and pivot point to allow a section of a model to turn.
- Learn how to allow a section of a model (cab) to

turn by adding a pivot point on the model.
12
Lesson 2b Cab and Trailer

(Wheels and Axles)
Exercise

Can turn or cannot turn?
Can turn
2 Cannot
turn
13
Weekly Assessment
Date : ________________________
Activity : Lesson 2b Cab & Trailer .
(Wheels and Axles)
5 4 3 2 1
2) Written Answers
5 4 3 2 1
3) Teamwork
5 4 3 2 1
Remark:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Marking Scheme:
14
Lesson 3a Crane (Pulleys)
Topics : -
- Crane (Pulleys)
- Students are able to understand that a pulley is a

special kind of wheel with a groove in it which will
help to reduce friction.
- Students are able to understand that a rope can
pass over a free-turning pulley or be wound round a
fixed pulley.
- Learn how to build a crane with free turning pulley to

lift heavy loads or pull objects.
15
Lesson 3a Crane (Pulleys)
Exercise
Pulley
2
Hook
Handle
16
Weekly Assessment
Date : ________________________
Activity : Lesson 3a Crane (Pulleys).
5 4 3 2 1
2) Written Answers
5 4 3 2 1
3) Teamwork
5 4 3 2 1
Remark:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Marking Scheme:
17
Lesson 3b Fan (Pulleys)
Topics : -
- Fan (Pulleys)
- Students are able to understand that a pulley is a

special kind of wheel with a groove in it which will
help to reduce friction.
- Students are able to understand that two pulleys can
be connected by a belt which enables one pulley to
turn the other.
- Students are able to understand that different sized
pulleys can be used to change output speed.
- Build a fan to investigate the change of speed

produced by using different sized pulleys.
18
Lesson 3b Fan (Pulleys)
Exercise
Match the correct answers.
Drive Pulley
Driven Pulley
19
Weekly Assessment
Date : ________________________
Activity : Lesson 3b Fan (Pulleys) .
5 4 3 2 1
2) Written Answers
5 4 3 2 1
3) Teamwork
5 4 3 2 1
Remark:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Marking Scheme:
20
Lesson 4a The Clowns Eyes

(Gear - Direction)
Topics : -
- The Clowns Eyes (Gear - Direction)
- Students are able to understand that a gear is a

wheel with identical teeth round the edge.
- Students are able to understand the teeth of one
gear mesh with and turn the teeth of the second
gear.
- Students are able to understand that two gears
meshed together turn in opposite directions.
- Build a Crowns Eyes and observe the turning

direction of the meshing gears.
21
Lesson 4a The Clowns Eyes

(Gear - Direction)
Exercise
1) Match the correct answers.
Driven Gear Drive Gear
2) Circle the correct answer.

Drive gear and driven gear will turn in
( same / opposite ) direction.
3) Draw arrow on the circle to show

clockwise direction.
22
Weekly Assessment
Date : ________________________
Activity : Lesson 4a The Clowns Eyes

(Gear - Direction).
5 4 3 2 1
2) Written Answers
5 4 3 2 1
3) Teamwork
5 4 3 2 1
Remark:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Marking Scheme:
23
Lesson 4b Guess the Colour

(Gear - Direction)
Topics : -
- Guess the Colour (Gear - Direction)
- Students are able to understand that a gear is a

wheel with identical teeth round the edge.
- Students are able to understand that two gears
meshed together will turn in opposite directions, but
a third gear placed between them will make them
turn in the same direction.
- Learn to place the third, central or idler gear

between two gears to make them turn in the same
direction.
24

(Gear - Direction)
Exercise 1
Drive Gear
Idler Gear
Driven Gear
25

(Gear - Direction)
Exercise 2
D ri v e g e a r a n d d ri v en g e a r wi l l t u r n i n
( same / opposite ) direction.
2) Draw arrow on the circle below to show

counterclockwise direction.
26
Weekly Assessment
Date : ________________________
Activity : Lesson 4b Guess the Colour

(Gear - Direction).
5 4 3 2 1
2) Written Answers
5 4 3 2 1
3) Teamwork
5 4 3 2 1
Remark:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Marking Scheme:
27
Lesson 5a Merry-Go-Round
(Gear - Speed)
Topics : -
- Merry-Go-Round (Gear - Speed)
- Students are able to understand that two gears of

different sizes meshed together will operate at
different speeds.
- Students are able to understand that output speed
will be increased when a large gear turns a smaller
gear.
will be reduced when a small gear turns a larger gear.
- Learn to use different size gears to make parts of a

model move at different speeds.
28
Lesson 5a Merry-Go-Round
(Gear - Speed)
Exercise
Driven Gear Drive Gear Driven Gear
29
Weekly Assessment
Date : _______________ _________
Activity : Lesson 5a Merry-Go-Round
(Gear - Speed).
5 4 3 2 1
2) Written Answers
5 4 3 2 1
3) Teamwork
5 4 3 2 1
Remark:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Marking Scheme:
30
Lesson 5b Food Mixer (Gear - Speed)
Topics : -
- Food Mixer (Gear - Speed)
- Students are able to understand that two gears of

different sizes meshed together will operate at
different speeds.
will be increased when a large gear turns a smaller
gear.
will be reduced when a small gear turns a larger gear.
- Learn to build a food mixer that will increase output

speed by applying a larger gear to turn a smaller
gear.
31
Lesson 5b Food Mixer

(Gear - Speed)
Exercise
Circle the correct answers.

No Drive Gear Driven Gear Speed
1 Speed Up
Speed Down
Same Speed
40-tooth gear 24-tooth gear
2 Speed Up
Speed Down
Same Speed
3 Speed Up
Speed Down
Same Speed
32
Weekly Assessment
Date : ________________________
Activity : Lesson 5b Food Mixer .
(Gear - Speed).
5 4 3 2 1
2) Written Answers
5 4 3 2 1
3) Teamwork
5 4 3 2 1
Remark:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Marking Scheme:
33
Lesson 6a Winch (Crown Gear)
Topics : -
- Winch (Crown Gear)
- Students are able to understand that crown gear has

special curved teeth which enable it to mesh at right
angles with a spur gear.
- Students are able to understand that a change in
output speed and direction will be produced when a
crown gear works with a larger or smaller spur gear.
- Learn how a crown gear can be used to transfer the

input (the handle being turned) through 90 degrees
to operate the output (the winding mechanism).
34
Lesson 6a Winch (Crown Gear)
Exercise
Driven Gear Drive Gear
Crown gear turn the follower by ( 90 / 180 ).
35
Weekly Assessment
Date : __________________ ______
Activity : Lesson 6a Winch (Crown Gear).
5 4 3 2 1
2) Written Answers
5 4 3 2 1
3) Teamwork
5 4 3 2 1
Remark:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Marking Scheme:
36
Lesson 6b Turnstile (Crown Gear)
Topics : -
- Turnstile (Crown Gear)
- Students are able to understand that crown gear has

special curved teeth which enable it to mesh at right
angles with a spur gear.
- Students are able to understand that a change in
output speed and direction will be produced when a
crown gear works with a larger or smaller spur gear.
- Build a real model using a crown gear to transfer

horizontal movement (the turnstile) to vertical
movement (the counting mechanism).
37
Lesson 6b Turnstile (Crown Gear)
Exercise
Circle the correct answers.

Gears
1.
8-tooth gear
24-tooth gear
24-tooth crown gear
40-tooth gear
8-tooth gear
2.
24-tooth gear
24-tooth crown gear
40-tooth gear
8-tooth gear
3.
24-tooth gear
24-tooth crown gear
40-tooth gear
8-tooth gear
4.
24-tooth gear
24-tooth crown gear
40-tooth gear
38
Weekly Assessment
Date : _____________ ___________
Activity : Lesson 6b Turnstile (Crown Gear).
5 4 3 2 1
2) Written Answers
5 4 3 2 1
3) Teamwork
5 4 3 2 1
Remark:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Marking Scheme:
39
Lesson 7a Car with Crane

(Worm Gear)
Topics : -
- Car with Crane (Worm Gear)
- Students are able to understand that a worm gear is

used to slow down the output speed of a machine
and to change the direction of the movement
produced.
- Students are able to understand that worm gear
pushes just one tooth on the spur gear round every
time it turns.
- Build a car with crane that uses the worm gear to lift
a load and to hold it in place whilst the car moves
along.
40
Lesson 7a Car with Crane

(Worm Gear)
Exercise
Drive Gear
Driven Gear
Worm gear will roll up the hook ( slowly , quickly ).
41
Weekly Assessment
Date : __________________ _____
Activity : Lesson 7a Car with Crane
(Worm Gear).
5 4 3 2 1
2) Written Answers
5 4 3 2 1
3) Teamwork
5 4 3 2 1
Remark:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Marking Scheme:
42
Lesson 7b Measuring Wheel

(Worm Gear)
Topics : -
- Measuring Wheel (Worm Gear)
- Students are able to understand that a worm gear is

used to slow down the output speed of a machine
and to change the direction of the movement
produced.
- Students are able to understand that worm gear
pushes just one tooth on the spur gear round every
time it turns.
- Build a familiar measuring wheel and adapts it to

include a measuring gauge and pointer.
43
Lesson 7b Measuring Wheel

(Worm Gear)
Exercise
A. 24 B. Worm Gear C. Transparent Box
1. Worm gear can only be housed in the .
2. 24-tooth gear is unable to drive .
3. Worm gear turns round in order to drive the 24-

tooh gear one round.
44
Weekly Assessment
Date : __________ ______________
Activity : Lesson 7b Measuring Wheel
(Worm Gear).
5 4 3 2 1
2) Written Answers
5 4 3 2 1
3) Teamwork
5 4 3 2 1
Remark:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Marking Scheme:
45
Problem Solving
Topics : -
- Wind Speed Tester
- Students are able to build a sturdy model that:

o can rotate freely;
o has high capacity to catch the wind;
o can withstand strong wind.
- Students are able to understand that the model will
move according to the wind speed: the stronger the
wind, the faster speed will turn.
- Build a wind speed tester with a pivot point allowing it

to turn freely according to the wind speed.
46
Problem Solving
Wind Speed Tester
The Problem
Sam and Sara are excited about flying their new kites, but
they want to know if it is windy enough. They need
something to show them how windy it is.
Can you help Sam and Sara to make a wind speed tester?
47
Design Brief
Design and make a wind speed tester that:

Can stand on its own
Can catch strong wind
Can rotate freely according to wind speed
Make a sketch of the idea you designed and made.
48
Problem Solving Assessment
Activity : The Problem Wind Speed Tester.
1) Planning and Design
5 4 3 2 1
5 4 3 2 1
3) Teamwork
5 4 3 2 1
Remark:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Marking Scheme:
49
Problem Solving
Topics : -
- A Carnival Ride
- Students are able to understand that connecting

(meshing) gears turn in opposite directions, but
alternate gears turn in the same direction.
- Students are able to understand that gears with
different sizes will turn at different speeds.
- Build a carnival ride that makes the characters go at

different speeds and turn in different directions.
50
Problem Solving
A Carnival Ride
The Problem
Sam and Sara are going to a carnival. They want a

carnival ride which makes them go at different speeds
and turn in different directions.
Can you help Sam and Sara to make a carnival ride

operated by gears which will enable them to turn in
different directions or at different speeds?
51
Design Brief
Design and make a carnival ride that:

Turn in different directions
Move at different speeds
Make a sketch of the idea you designed and made.
52
Problem Solving Assessment
Activity : The Problem A Carnival Ride.
1) Planning and Design
5 4 3 2 1
5 4 3 2 1
3) Teamwork
5 4 3 2 1
Remark:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Marking Scheme:
53

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LEGO Education Early Simple Machine

1. LEGO Element Survey ........................................................................................... 1

2.1 Lesson 1a - Seesaw (Levers) .............................................................................. 3

2.2 Lesson 1b - Stamper (Levers) ............................................................................ 6

2.3 Lesson 2a Car and Launcher (Wheels and Axles)...................................... 9

2.4 Lesson 2b Cab and Trailer (Wheels and Axles) ......................................... 12

2.5 Lesson 3a Crane (Pulleys) ............................................................................. 15

2.6 Lesson 3b Fan (Pulleys).................................................................................. 18

2.7 Lesson 4a The Crowns Eyes (Gear - Direction) ....................................... 21

2.8 Lesson 4b Guess the Colour (Gear - Direction) ....................................... 24

2.9 Lesson 5a Marry-Go-Round (Gear - Speed) ............................................. 28

2.10 Lesson 5b Food Mixer (Gear - Speed) ..................................................... 31

2.11 Lesson 6a Winch (Crown Gear) ............................................................... 34

2.12 Lesson 6b Turnstile (Crown Gear) .............................................................. 37

2.13 Lesson 7a Car with Crane (Worm Gear) ................................................. 40

2.14 Lesson 7b Measuring Wheel (Worm Gear) .............................................. 43

3. Problem Solving Activities

3.1 Wind Speed Tester ............................................................................................ 46

3.2 A Carnival Ride ................................................................................................. 50

Lesson 1a Seesaw (Levers)

- Students are able to understand that a lever model

- Learn how to translate a real-life structure (seesaw)

Lesson 1a Seesaw (Levers)

Fill in the correct answers.

Activity : Lesson 1a Seesaw (Levers).

5 Excellent 4 Good 3 Moderate 2 Poor 1 Fail

Lesson 1b Stamper (Levers)

- Students are able to understand that a more

- Learn how to apply two parallel levers (beams) in an

Lesson 1b Stamper (Levers)

Fill in the correct answers.

Activity : Lesson 1b Stamper (Levers).

5 Excellent 4 Good 3 Moderate 2 Poor 1 Fail

Lesson 2a Car and Launcher

- Car and Launcher (Wheels and Axles)

- Students are able to understand that heavy loads

- Learn how wheels can be used to move a complete

Lesson 2a Car and Launcher

Fill in the correct answers.

Activity : Lesson 2a Car & Launcher

(Wheels and Axles).

5 Excellent 4 Good 3 Moderate 2 Poor 1 Fail

Lesson 2b Cab and Trailer

- Cab and Trailer (Wheels and Axles)

- Students are able to understand that heavy loads

- Learn how to allow a section of a model (cab) to

Lesson 2b Cab and Trailer

Fill in the correct answers.

Activity : Lesson 2b Cab & Trailer .

(Wheels and Axles)

5 Excellent 4 Good 3 Moderate 2 Poor 1 Fail

Lesson 3a Crane (Pulleys)

- Students are able to understand that a pulley is a

- Learn how to build a crane with free turning pulley to

Lesson 3a Crane (Pulleys)

Fill in the correct answers.

Activity : Lesson 3a Crane (Pulleys).

5 Excellent 4 Good 3 Moderate 2 Poor 1 Fail

Lesson 3b Fan (Pulleys)

- Students are able to understand that a pulley is a

- Build a fan to investigate the change of speed

Lesson 3b Fan (Pulleys)

Match the correct answers.

Date : _______ _

Date : ____________

Date : ___ _