‘YENI ARASTIRMALARIN ISIGINDA ESKI ANADOLU ARKEOLOJIS! ransin Oze0G [Anadojusin Amur ‘Fiaset Kolonilei devsinden énceki durum ‘ yend klar, besiflern spud tedkik etek faydal ola K Bisel, mall medeniyederin tek akkondab ik plu arg Imasnin neticlrint 1945 wind meets. ML Melink, Eski Tung Devrade ‘Orta Anadolunn miakom tei eden Alacaboyuk Kral tmeaasannin bee medesiyetlet karpndak dururounu ek er fen, Anadolu akesljiin gok maim bax problemlsine dy dle Tah bir yok, pasmak basu A Goetze ve J. Mellart, MO. foooageeso00 lla arasndaki Anadolu medenivelerin, coral ortslarna gee tek ve mipakag eter® Biz de, burad ee ald [ba problemerin baz tatinde 1948 yltdanberidurmaktayz* Ba acarmalarda, migchaseane muhim mevzulaedaa bir guna jaahunda gory beigine sah oldu, bazn oktalaeda da birbirke Finden ayn dijindchlest govalmestedi, Fakst, bu ayphklar esta ve malzenin tayin ve tefsinde deitir, tebiredi. “Okuyucvlarn, Anadolw'ds son senelerde yaplan buyik ke tern neseria, uuntazam bit kid, tenn etic aun sab fldabarin, bilesa, ert liek ssteriz, M Melinin® we Frit, SchachermeyPin' bu kunuda gisterdlled bulk gayret yikrane sayandr soo it gee Vrain Ki To hued [Mall The Reval Ta a Alaa ante Aes Wort Net vaheNesr Eat Ste pve a Het Gala "Jame Meliort Anola Cspocaioo BG The Cansar “Ani so rset vnc aga) 3, pg0 Alt Get Yala Ges BS Betampteoe Marked J. Mink, Acaciy Asin Minor (AIA = ats gone eZ rae 85. peat apie iggne ie fcwe Nbc hme 05 39E TAMSIN OzavG ‘Bu sayed, kam raporlanmin gog veya ig needles lmaszan rmeydana gett zorlublain muhim bir Km ortadan kldms limber iz bu yazumteds, yeni Esa wpfada kazarlaniilere me him bir yer aaracaee Orta ve Kuzey Aauadola konusunda blgiain iliesine om cok yardum eden buyuk merkelerden bis Kultepe- Kani, diges Horomepe'tt- Kaltepe, Kialimie guneyindeki Esk ‘Tung Dessh medeniveinin ton saffalais ve bundan Orta Tung Devine gesi renmeniai salad, Bundan sonra, bir TT Alar amadeniyei veya yap hat prablemislekarplageyacag, INL. Alar Imistail bir deve ve scdeniye degidr. Boya le nak sramih dlaha ski olan boyal bir seramik nev'inden, Kayseri ovasnda, tk zl emir, IIL, Aligrseramigt Ausur Kolnilet Devininen parlak sathasia Kedar (Karum’da TIka) tg, aralmak surety garkta ‘yapuims olan boys ve hoya diger bir same ne yanunda alle Palm, Bu scram nevi (IT Ar erik ie zneyebaglamak, Then, mms dei Kaltpe Kanan, Eski Tong Deven an safhasnda, ba blge- sin cok enerll bir taedenivete ahi oldugunn gosterd, Bo caf, Kittepe'in Kuzey-Suriye ve Kilkya ile ho mnasebeti ard; ‘hues by minareber Guney-Mezopatamya'ya kadar uzamaktai, Bu dessin, Aur Kolonilet Gago honiadh bir alékatir,Asurls Ine bien, taninan bir bolgeye qeimierde. Ort Anadolu sanacron tekdmalinde Guney ile husulan bu minascbtlerin testi baytk ol Imutut, Kaleepe kaalan, Orta Anadola boval seramignin menye Problemine, alabaster lla devi komusinay megaron indeki Indbedin varia. ve bilhasa, Ea Tung Devinde de monumental Bimalarn ings eligh usa ok Sneml pla wtmyer Tokat'n huseyindeki Horoutepe, yalnz, Alaa yalme- ‘bktan kortarmnls Kalman ayn somands, bu devidek! belena sagt, huzey bilglerinin madencike™ ei sevenin ye fekligin de! kboe etmigte™. Muteve Profisor folios Lewy’nin Kultepe metinlerinde oth gegen Hobwat yh mnaucbeile her Aevinde baba iggigtMakamandan gok zengin olan Nika stinde *"Taie Dngop Mahmut Alok, Horoepe Kanlan‘acrata a Has vege, Ata 198 ARKEOLOSISL auras, gerekten, go Onemdie®, Horoatepe, Niksarn_hemen anndade, J. Lewyrnin graying MO. asunet) bin yin son ‘evmigine ait zengin bukuntular teit ctmeted. Orta ve Kurey Anadols'da tungesn mzakuelan, ik defy vide poriloektedir.Baltalarin bass tiple se bike, bu ie Jann Gineyin silt @iplerine bayok bir benzerik gosermest go dike ets ayanin' Cok neta bir arb alee olan tung, merakueu, ‘sur Kolonleri devrinde, hatte, Kans harumunon TH. ve TV kat Tania ¢ok tek etnig ve daima Glncy yeilerini muhaliea et Init Orta Anadals tungtan akogle da, AMncahbyGR' ki bir Grek mistens ilk def Asus Kolonleri devrinde gérilmekte diet, ‘Kerunvun Ul katadaki tung har Baltnmin tek paral GGoeli-Kulede bulatmugur®, Anadolu'non sith cepertuvannda Gineyin tse cok yuk olmasts- Bonu Kilepe'den Alacabo- sil Algae Mabmatlar Herotepe-Dondartepe'ye (Samsun) kadar ta Lip etmek maimaknde Tie metinde, Eski Tung Devt sonunda gordon buy yangoma Hiilerin sebeb ‘olmadfin. yazmabla, mitehasslarn bazlarndan {ying ela: Kayoeri Ovasal Eaki Tung Devsinde yangnlar bu Gdevein Gee ve Orta saflauna sit olan mabtcht yapt katana, cok Sided bir yeild, gored. Hicder, yal Anadol'ys gel Uivlr zaman degiy Heme sonraki devirde dani anata ile. Halbuk, Orta ve Kneey Anagols eyles her crit slabs Kalla jis Lewy, Some pcs etl iin Aen aed Aa Mi the Saree e-Chion sory (Jura fhe Ameian Oral So Nala ats age hana th VIL agra i9 os Herne, Ske 65; Tan Segovia As Horo las Ones Com Here BAe “Tain Oneiny KilpeKany Ase Trane Kaolin ide Hat Kon, Muah Kare Napa, Solara 98 oop A Be 1S fit Gottman, Enenat at Ghul Hy e056, PL 485 975 acm 35% 7 ain Ora.3 ‘TAKIN Oza sam biliyrs coe sengin ve mittahem'* ehidede ofuruyorandh. Bonus igin, medeniye sevigeler gok ape durumda ve miktarlas ok az olan Hitt mishacierinin, bu kadar loa be zaman ve her Yerde bir anda bitin bu gehireryahubyakinlanua inkin yoktu. ‘Ayn, bu mucadelesrasnda yalslan falelerde everd, enkar rae Sunda harbar itlere veya gel! balglere as hig bir cpm ves silak da Kalmar, Bo bi toad dai oss, bunan sonee Orta ‘Tung Devs baylarken ony akan medenivetde goilen desi de, ay bir ill koougan ve cok weablardan gy eden, her ye yakib= yan yabase: bir kavmin meydana geieeeg degilikten zhyade, mahal bit teklin ve Gaey'den glen bir tsirn sebebiyle my” dana gelmis bir deg olarak giralmekedi, Bu deggie Hit Tevin Sebeb clmadifie diginiyorum. Eawsen, Hier Anadolays dilerinden ve henuz iice nifur edemedsimie Adeteinden basa, medeniyet getiren eink ir zamve defi. Oniann en iyo ‘auvalTakive, yo medeniyet abl emer ve bu atedesiyete oyu ‘nw fest etmesinbileerinde we sonra ds endl meeniet e ie natalie getrmelerindei ki, bu da bay bie Rablgete hid mann bi neces. Mig ype bi, benim yaad ye kolo akimundsndir. Bir toplantida Prolesir Albrecht tec nin te syle gb, daha yoy dere at olan Hie yaa vs bu ba lamdan tek cdlince, Hier bas, Anado'ys yabane ola yei= Hiklesinortaya onulmast mutemeldr. Bu, ascak, problemlerimiai bali Kolaylagiee. Mosel, Hitlerdeks Poul ne kadar tcl bi Iecis is, metinkerde meveut olmast multemeldiger teplatin veya ‘Adederin, be bakimdan, ortayKonulmas do nse faydale oe caknr. Yale, meilein yanldgs devile Amur Koloalei Devs ve font hemen taki eden gag aranida gegen zamanin da gba made ‘wculman ve bu asrlae zarinda, Anadolu inde, omtaya.iabilecek yeniliklerin kimlere ait olabileeginin de tayinine gala, Metinds Ankara yakiundaki Karaoglan kuslanndan da bab seth, J, Melaatin Ablathbel akan yuadge gibi Karood tan da veramik ve sil ple bakimindan Hat, Anadol tsi alundadir (Lev. X, 2), Retin Sakarya bolgcsndeki biyuk shite ecundebitesir Kuve, Buna kar, birkoy olan yokuyendakt Fete ae SKI ANADOLU ARKEOLOJESL ” tei ok daa ait, Bona rene, ean maim resins, Uillede ve damga mice Ort Anadoly ck ve dg, tanamen, bakin. Hauer, Gatalhoyok haar 8 obo et Fb dau uy Ora Aral’ dr yas Ganen tom Syl meydana gen dil Slvr Johnna Vache, yen olarak, meydana ‘hanlan Gee Kaiti seramiin nem, Bayorgllaed meet ropa baginga yard com olmasia Saarysalgeind, Ten, baja br Kallolik medenyer ei mene, Bs Homie daw boigede de gala ea "Yuan Mendes adc Boyan Amado arkeljisin luge atanadan bint tema eked Beyceaan, hove Iuka husiyeee ahi bir Be Anadols gear. V- taal yay ere rncl, hem de plan tum Adal da tte onan Girt sayin oan inset neat ona SElagaaktrs Buda memos, in yap tpn {nso puna alan ve Or Analyse ee alan ‘dg obec ea ara yen imate rind ", Melar?in Haclnr' ®ve Cand ype ak resi, sn seelerde pls Andel de, bot Yak Sanka ‘eri em suhindi”Ba it merkeadeybeleniyen, hi mede> pe ke, Ek Rallolidetisalem bi er edad, real Nel de me Balardan mop apy grblann= eo tars alan bi ie inn oy ai aan Ana tm Neath ve Kalo medengeionhabdakt dancer isn cestan, defining vee oh. Rises, Anadolu mene Je Malas, The Reining 9 Mural Puig (reac 5 al Temi, Yer Baus (Tk T ares Alara sof, ois} Melty Ana, rae; POR: Venger vi tsretay fe Ml th» wb Cpe X. igs (ton Lyd «9 ve Soames Bsn, ert ot 2 James Mast, Gaara a¢ Hac (Xt VU 1958, 997 EIN. vaso gr Xeon 69 eX a 98 : "pas Mar, Exess Goya (A St XI, 16 5 4 XML, yop eBo Tausiy Ozc06 Jenin temoldain diger Onasya memlekeerindelekdmilden fark oma, yan, bu memleetek Koy ve yhirhayatinn Daye gilliekcki Gey Kalolit le teyamadyg, bu heleden sonra, Anlaslabimir- Gaatboye dedi mimart core, eke, ve es rin duvararndakyhayvan Ba: Beylllei, cyt fignlerYakon Dotu'd bilinen Neoltik meeniveterin crerivc mutayee eee aiyeetk bic seviyededi. Hic yupheii bu medengedein ah ve {ett zamana tiyag génermekiedi, Valiz, muhablak olan bir ge Yar seo da her yen! be Atadal'aun Dog ile Ba arcana Furmenu manos dat iyi anlaranors yard comehedn. By alae, bilbam, bw nokta ttinde tplanm. “Anadolu Doge ie Buo arasnds bir Mop Fala, gok deta, tba kaprnin cofraya masts, tarh. ye. arkolgproblemleinin Stetimeinde, mibulgst bi yeild Llama. Anatole Cu fey ve Guneydogu balgelrine Kuzey Serve ve Kusy Meso tamya'ya Koay balant.Torsiar ve Dog Tovar geline, muna sehr in yemiyen titer mania debit Also, Ei Di Yornin bu ik uO parca bine bapa ze eden tb polls, geidere sa dala. Tabian safladgs bu inn, Orta Anadals medenyelerinin mijn ve dy minaseeteine yuk bone sbi Tobit zengintiler bol olan Anadl ber devide, siney_ ve Uneydoftmundalt eli licker, bu yollar vanaf, temas mata eit Bo, Anadis Esk’ Ona emcee! finden ayrimas bir le qetrni, akat, bumun yma Anadoe ‘oan veel dls lms dare ard, Be bars pe 86 gen ovalar, sack daar, tpl, devin ve dar vader, dale Sel Kg ovalr ve sarp hayalillardon teed. Bunun, Aa ols medeniyerinin iki ik Buy rola mst: mahal hususyeler, her yerden dab bola, meydana gsr, b- glee amt, hun kine med, ble tek eaneden once, wmumi neice garni ga ‘chk, aura... GukurOvay Hatay ve Gineydoge Anado'yu bir yuna baka ak olarak, Kuzeydet bayik sahonn, Neolitk, Kalleliat ve Ek Tons Devinde, ekki hage hale yapmak lata 1 — Doge Anadoa, 2 = Ont AnadelieRiairmakSakarya Balge, 3 — Konya-Goller Boyes, 1 Be a a el Ms me a ag as tm Fe nee bln a ek rd BoB a ee ee ar ree ‘yhina ait katlara ve kik eyaya raslanmamakiadir. Buna karl, TEN Ata ae tance tin Toe sx ar uy ge etn eT pp ter aa ae ea ea bee hs th = TASS Rena a Rg en ‘te Tow, Eaton in Aba 8, Lede Sb Bans, Xa ve oat te ae eee te a Peak eset Rares Pek oa 587). riisty eave Ii Tung Dev seamigi Dogu Anadols'nun daghh.ileinde Ora Tang Dewinde de yagemiana devun ety inal, Spek Iagjondangekinmelle babe, ba duruma gore, Van geen yaeyan Hursier bats ve gineybutdn fart lara, sah ren ‘a iar, parle stn bir sean cin hllenmiy ola, Khirbat-Kerat sania, en oh, bene cami Euro ersinden sya, Has Malays van ular, unt Ami ran nt ata hove aed ab neh me 2 bu sraniknovinin en tar hark gin allan leit dainen git psy apo Ve! tyra Jpginda, bu teornin minakatann eden sina) da alana (sir, Dogu Anadod, ie ir yrde, Neo medeniyere rl mami. Tktepe'de, Telalam aun daa ir meen. Yee alt hee hang bir x yokor. Van yamndaki Kale de belong he anh, pv anc faa rani Ne aa 2-— Ort Anais ately ve tr bay wear ter rue Ba bole, Gre Kasih ye Fai Tune Dev, i ik hana ayer em 2—Aleahoyu Kus ve Ort Karan bales ve bias, Razilirmak ile Yesiirmak arasindaki sia, . 3B Adcahovak gine ve Kayesi Ova Herik bolgede nt ea, ayo eden remem oma Tanna Yagmen, cn gok Eabj Tang Devine maa! hooey anu goroimcicd. Gee Kalo devin kalo haba BS Ykaullcek *, kamen de Asshiyih iy enller vermis Orta ‘Arai igin "pk 9,4 oda even, ince idary gage sah ye, am mss rel olan kein pool eran bapa oe ‘chia germs Duna mur bites olen taj at ImaktadirBayakgilicel’deblumoy sgn i boas ba Alani, ope, Soa ne git ws ey dakar ve burnin 2 Hit Kant Sa ai Kan Birayglice, Anam S57 re ‘ee catia Mas Neco Ha ohtntmen Ae SR « [SKI ANADOLE ARKFOLOYTS! ” yapamabtadie, Ba aucdeniyet bir kby medeiyeti dir hig ol Tusa, yuhardak kann yerler bizee Koy dei. Orta Anadolda Gey Kalkolieden dab cali medcniyeern bulonmams olmas, ‘hula nomad haya uzun srdaguna ve sedanerige go gece ign Label etmige Bir sebeb dil. Gn platonun guncy kev farinda, bu ei red een gok daha eski medeniveer keying Be baw, Orta Anadolu gin aye gata diyinmek dogewolma- smal. ‘Ba bilgnler Baybee ile Gineydogu Bolgarstan but iv araunda bit Bog kurta atemeltedier”. Orta Surya boge- inde, Yawshiyah ashi yort kegiler ba grid dogrlamaltad BBuetken veri bir hikian depres sopen bu benzelke Ter hee ipiatseassik aso goraen bast teri, side sileme tarsi, tesadim, meydana, geedgh mum! berzcliller olarak Kabul cmmenin.yanlyigta namyoroe. Alar ve Biyakgollaelde {ahi Gey Kalki devin ayn zatanda bglaams ols maball hsuslpetirin meydana geliniye aah ounabilit. Geg Kalkalishten Tak! Tung Devine geiy al, ted clmustar. Aradakt kasabela, osle,yonmamut, mimarkk eelr, damga enhaver, idler del Inekisin-devam cinigr. aki Tung deveinde pignigtopratan kap {Rkilinin data bat lan sebebs, bu deviede madent kaplan {ax arom olmasinda aranmaluit, Mamafib, Fai Tung Devinn son Sithannda madent orteler!qalidem yaplan gaga aga tetilerin (eve Tyra) sepet ilps gaydanbliann (Lev Tg) hein bgt locsnlom, tslann skin ok aimee. BU Rap scilesnin ic {of data sonrakidevinde glen sade Hitt kap gkillernin pro pide, Bu medeniye, her ne Hadar, dogude Yukaet Kralimak, Dida Sakarya, Koseyde Karadenix, pinevee Qukurovs'ya kadar rym ise de a Koka. Keema havsinin ii, goneyde Kayseri Iulged ve huzejde,Veslirmat ile Krlmak arasindaksahadir. Bu sake soneaki cada buyak Hist merkealernin Bulundubu sthanin Suid, GoromAmasyerTokat-Samain, Homen ‘Sivas. wavering Fine ala Loney balgesnde, dima, tok eal (kare, Rabverensi ‘yal kevtilrd aero yah acrine yan boya ie sla (on ‘Anadolu’ given esi ir Adc) seam kallamlakta i, Mima, oJ Mala, Aosta «7» TaHsly 07000 daha cok, ormanbk bolgeye has hususiyelergisert. Alga kale tin’, Kultepe'de muibedin (Pian. 4; Sek. 1), Alacaoyul'de Ha, feneide, Mahmala’da™ engin press iecariarm lef bit seis imedeniyetinden sOphe etrmer. Bundan Onceki Kalai decie e okt gibi, halk yine srsatr ve hayvan yeti dl, Faker bo ewrininsanlar,bundan bag, iki him gyi daa cok Oe, inser ve tckimiletrmilerd. Bonlasdan biri eae diger see es iiligndekibavak lerieme id, Teared, mht egtere ns pm olan sce ibat etmek. Her trl madeninietovey ok ‘x shri (alun,gimis, babi, tung leivon ve hat dem 245 what, yan, dokim ve dogam kilaordu. Alaeshosth Hone, {epe, Mahiatlar, Kayapmar, ve hated Poath bum yk gee termekteir. Bu devide, Orca ve Ruzeydogu. Anatoly aden Uiginin sirat kadar mihim oldugunt sliver Maen Hloce fanaunt ve bilassa Usatetii, dofeudan afraya, beyerin. ave Gani olmas mobtemct, Biydk acter Dofu’ we Kaseydnts Anadolu'da clad. Essen, Anadolida madeneiite bu leet tlimsayd Aiur Kolonileri Devrindci ticaretin, manana alone sok daha zor oluedy, Karum'daki biyik-atljelen, hallamition yerdesabit duran biyak kalplar, her tart yn ies Byte ic Kalla haxrlanm tel kabplar, Hai Tung Deva Kallaaton, Jann cok fark deildr. Maden? heytllesin taltplst ne hadoy bari ve sematik olusaciun, maden sanaumin inti Ansaots hall sana kabilyeini de arwurmyer. Muhabak kip ba waders lik biyk bir onganizasyonum caer di; daha bu. devind aay ‘madenci-demirei olan bir steel ety olioaida Kick bolglere, viiyesiere aynlan iemleketi mists beyler ice ediyordut. Bu sistem, Astur Koloniled Devrinde tannin fre steminden fr dele. Beylerin bible ne secre * OF 28. Hom der Oe) «18 {Bam Kaa-Nhat Ala, een fan Matai ear Amaya age a PML Mai, "e Rort Tabs at Alaaap 49 op {Silt ant, Renta aa 81 i : SKI ANADOLU ARKEOLOYISt rei tepe; Dundartepe Keraflan; birhrne sok benziyen Hig be de letin merkealeri veya blyok ehirler idi, Hig quphesiadir, ki Hitie Sete ea cae Kullenligion, Kelepe'den daa ek! clmadift angling. Ba bal pags ‘nnda oturan kadin moti tegkil eder (Lev. ITE, 1-2), Buntar Kiiltepe’ a ee aan rear ne ae some tSee zany 67606 — Ba balgde tk rel seramign ynunda, bir de boya ie sali bir veramik nev Aullanlatak i [Levy 2) Bo Alar hafikeinin tema ach: verbe sun Ley fy 42 VIEL Tx, aye, Kiltepede bu uramitin tullanis dei, 3b vee mak vere ig mista yr hat line gr, Basler 2 at ges ola. Bu yap aaninin her dey hee Binns ns Kil iver geet sei eden Alabaster illo 8 yee hard (ev. ths) megiom pindlé abet lana (Plan Sek 15 Lex 1V, 1) V, eit lp burda vee hacarnday ie sen renlli hig motile asi gonalar 4 Sune gle de. ve Surgeden idl eimiy ol dae scrmh de ve anda Bulunmatiade IL. Alem eli pe rem byt cai bu dew. finn yap Katnds, yan da ve a mkarda lun Les. VI, 21%, 2). Bool hamuru da als IL Alar sramiinn te sigindon ‘ayn. Bu katy, Karun 1V, ktm tepedel parle fab eer. Bunda IH Alan mitekiil boy vasa, Bolle tard, girl. Bu, sabi Bir IL Alar Mednipein cma ‘Mar ter IE Ar serami La Tung Devs IF age aie nda tek ei (Lv. VIL, «; 2) Bu devin np eile Ir tarfan Baki Tung Dewi ier tratton Orta Tang Devt sera fine Bagh. 11 Alar seramipinin Rats oiew yap. bayan Kee (Hashyi Mae Bektag hoy git) lahat rege go sayilsr (meselaseramik. passa aloe Rarvoflan ve Pola a butuamani|. Kozrye dr Algae ade yayiy hawetile dan sonra goraimes. Ed Tung Deve IU in faade Termite ‘eramig) boyal tram Kltepe gevesnde yer oly a Tang Devi 11 nik saannda (¢) x8 miktads girdle, yel-doya seramikten (eka imi. Anadol'aun bu bolgeinde boy see rik al tir ke spr Bo medeniyti sk satan, yar ¢ Katia ai bir merida bum lon alm kip we ssi Kurs Ors Analy, amamen, yabaner ‘Lev. VIG. 12). Bundy Tee Brak se Ur kel needa bunk er le yak hancviode gorlen bone, yan, ste! ey care Yeni bulunan ceier de havent rs BE at ay, OF mn al Can [SKI ANADOLL ARKEOLOHS! ss fe — Yanga tai olanan megaron ipndeki ay ina, Bey crsltan’dakigabdagindan faraad®, Binns UI. Trova fr bayak mepasonu'nun alge yaklagraktacht, ina 1956 ind amd. Mabet olmast mubteml golem bw bays binanon ea eel fitindeki duvaslan beyar tenkle adanaldr. Holin oranda, cat tagyan dct dren gered suvalak ocak gil (Plan 4, Sek. Lev. H, 12). Holdn ve madhalin hereyide ort Raga fda vardir. Dogudaki 6x 4.70 m.; Baudaki 450 % 2.0 mort Ahi de 6 c 4.70 m. dir. Em Back dan dogrundak oda arab haldaie, Gish ganeyinde, yi koruna drama iki oda var Medbalin bivik bir kam! ve ese holdn giney taradindaki Hugsk fodalar da arab haldedit, Bonar monimental Hitt ypu tare findan tai edie, Beyanwval herp banklar,-upka platirme Ian bik odamm dod duvar dle: hizasina ve medhal hsm suratanmyur.Tyl Korunmnuy aler ve kape gerceveler, bugin dab, gorulebilmektedie. Holun ve hig édalarn tans tine alabaster blir (Lee. I, 2), i kulpla bardadar, il eiimiy Gulu, va seramigive pny topraktan Figurine (Lev. X, 1) keyg Bu buy bina bugone kadar Oren Anadol'da biliamven bir pi teri eimektodr. Ayn nedeniyetn son kata lina (} geri bina, Hitt Imparscoriugu binglarina yaklagan bir gue. Bunlar, [Eaki'Tuns Devrnin son safhonnaa Kayertovasoda da movment binalarn ina eligi gostermetede, Ora. Anadoly, bu safhada Batt Amado ile de gok kuwwetolmamakla beraber, tcaret rie sebe kurmuytr. Buna, Git kupla bardablar, it olplu vagolar Lev. X, 3) isles rmiat rent hag mosleryle boy anahlar, Ti Teavvoun ren ttatsganablany, Mollern ve slablarn Bat ple dogrulamaktad Fakat, megaton, hepsinden' dake boyd, (aha manals Bir parle, ‘Orta Azadola'mun kuzey blgesini zeagin dt odiveleile tamnan Alecahovak, Horozepe ve kamen de Mahmatlar tems meter. Mesariat has Ome deilir. Bulan, em azindan, 2) nasil boyunca Anadoi'nun bu Bolgcerine hakim may penser ‘Eimilltidi- Mevarlar muhteli yap kalanna witr. Oki Reyes, Jnanilaujaca Hadas, zengindie™. Meqhur ‘Teva bsainelertonlarn © Seon Log The Dov of Canton, Lenn 8 ae {aa RShatliay la Ren AA Ee tat Get, Romansch, 5 goa asin 67606 yamnd Kick bir tllesyondan fare Sak. Olu hedyeernin Gsine. balls, bu merarlara kag devltnin bir prem. veya prenss fakat apni zamands, memleketnin bie alibi veya rabibe flan sl gomolimagtr. O10 Rediyeerinin gofungun alon, glimiy felon ve tunglan yaplanar til eder;kehribar, aki, domi ve pismiy topeak onlacdan sonra gee, Meaarlra birablan ff, sts Sy, kala, semboller (Boga, eyit iman heyeleibe,sturla, flnes Kurla) ve alla, Dort aan cin bu mezarara lg. Fairs gir (ha ve Borablan merarlar dine en gok berablan) ko- yun ve kei Bunlar ola yemogi He Weide. Kopek mezann dyna, [ove tam ola, birailmgt. O, Oteki Ding prensine ake duu etmekteir, Athens iliomiyords, Her mez, buyak veya Teg boyla bie Bai Tung Dewi edna beazer, ve bir ye mabe sustur, Bu iezarlalatemsilclunan medenive, o cag, Ores Ana: Alaa ok iyi eaniman enedeniytis. Valu, prealere mals zene fnlifin bir netics olarak, her joy iymetl imadenden, yet 1a Fandan yapslmitr, Maden kaplan iollerin liblardan Besar topraktan, tayean ve dake laymetsis madenleden yap olen ben seats, her hoyake,buunabir. Alacahoyk uzun bilantan Arado Iida pir olmachins, Tokat-Amaaya ciarndai yeni Dulunlar ‘MbateonigirS, Bu cada Truva ve Mezopotamya keallan, bu nem sah kllamasn:bimiyorlaveh™. Keskin kis demir alt bsp Sept ay bigiinde olan hangerin ike ei, Anadol'da ala buluna radi, Deze, mezarlan taki eden devide, hen hig ralanmad; {at Eki Tung Devrinin wom ve belkt de ona safhasi fendi ual, YVanginlars ragmen, bu deviden Orta Tung gagina gos ber ‘arala,eisi-devaml olmtsr. Bunun ign, bie hac cami ornck vere interim: tek reall ve boya ile nakih Hise seam, syni bolgede, Fski Tung Devri Id kollaon seramik (Lev. I 1-3) newlesinden tkionil emir. Ase Keloniles: Devi sarin degtlen buyuk tekamulun ii acbebi vardix 1 hE, Sly Ta oe ta oe wer isthe hho fear "Gare «yo; Tati Or, eon Rice Meader oes oe SKE ANADOLL ARKEOLOMHS! = 1 — Basan yale Kayser ovasnda tana ark, bu devirde boutun Orta Amdourda tansy olmas; 2 — Kuaey-Suriye, Gakurova ve Kezey-Mezopotaya ile sh temas Hitt hap vepertuvarinin zengelepmeinc, yea skein o@re- tilmesine rebel old ‘Orta Amado’ her Eski Tua Dewi gee veya ay stone bir Hite ye, bir Hie hyd var. Arudaki yangon tables 0 W- yiMlerin Hitler tarafindan isin ediesine mani lami. Braz aha ilesiye gidelim: Alacahiy'de, Horotepe'e bulunm lan snes kurlarmn, boa ve gevikheykllerein, goa emiten - Renin pak Kaci heykelinin veya sarumlanin din bier manalre ‘ldufundan gaphe etlemer, SitrumTann tine cniyen Raval Thrar sone, en ok sevilen bir moot olseaker. Buedn bunlar Assur [Roloiler ve Hitt Devrnde ii tad ne, ge, bog bile fn, ana tant tipinin bier pootoiidie®, -Kalecpe'in yer slip- (ati snd miar baslan, rutonfardan boyuh bie hsen ve kan fan heykelciMr, iki devi, yan His Esk Tang Devrnin vo Se Orta sathagna haglataltade, Buy bir neice lara gin bylemiyoran, atu, Kuyata hrab Anit'nin merakuew™ lacs Iniyk veya LHorntepe premernin cn cok sedi bir wilh spi ‘Altec gok seven heleonlarls sl aun kopcalarn erin {eptal bends) Karonvon HE, kasnda yell bir tesarn of ssa fina beraberinde goirauitir ®, Makalenindlgind musait ob id, ‘Ri devir arsunda given abs man ve geil Benzclikleri ahr fata ok trneler"yermek zabekun olurdu K. Bien de ide cgi gis, Ht lab se Esk Tung Devet eselerinin, yank mae denen yaplity boga ve gevik heykelerinin tibu arasnda bi Tenaciik yoktur™. Bona beraber, Assur Kolonileri Devel et Ferinin tamarnaejeiimeden Once, bu honda gok dikkath lm Inks. Hig yiptesadi ki, iki deve arasndaki bagar, bias, dint inna, manada ve ssw. ‘cab ve Hocertepe mnezarlat Hac kala. ati ridaki medeniyet ve ranat eer de Hacilere, yl hala sti Tale Quai, Anita Haoger-The dagger of Anita Been, 7,5. 299) AU}'Matng, The Ron Tombs oe Msc 3 * Hee 8* ‘rautsix O7oeg ‘Anvanenin devarm we medeniyelleri ysyiy ssn bitbitine uye ‘mas, bizi her zaman genctik bit bag kurmigazolemasali Yat, Taki Tung Dewi medeniyetinin ban unturlanmn, ae. balgece ‘Hive Devrnin iglerine kadar evan etmiy ola, Hind-Avrupalt i Joaujan Hicderin Eski Tung Devvinde de var oldakae geklinde tein emer, Kaflawya mezarlanndaki eyadan bana ile Alacahyik. ve orostepe'dekilerden bir lsmom yl brnzeligi de direkt ve genet bir bakin neice devils" Ba mainsscbes, basta, gok miblagat fede ira edi. Simei Anadoirds exer arson iat Maikep- ‘Kuban ccrerine benzvenerin sayin cogalmiyo. Ba benrcligi, ‘yab-yukan, Alacahoyik debi wis qyaamn veya élaMannadan baa Tani 1. Truva evelerine benazmesinden Saks yoktur. Gabi her ‘Ai saiads da benzesikearettenilerigelmektedir. Buna gore, bets trie Kavim giglsnin bir nets! delle, Alacahéyih mesarlan, ‘Anadolu’, nik defi. Mlahmatlar, Horotepe ve dagmikyeler ek buluntalar, bu zengaligin, eknigin ve senat Rabligeino, her taralla ayn olan dint nang ondetin’ gost, Alacaboyat'un, Horostepe'nin state dnc baytk deilie onlarsenginligin, sacletin semboll ve biraz sonra baghyacak ola AAnadolusNeropotamytieareine Asynak lan merkederdits Be eviikerin askeri kuvvet hg bir eons I, ‘Truvada daa fala olmamser ‘3 ~ J. Melaat, Galler bulgeinde ve Konya gineyind iki by yu yeni medeniyet yani, Enki Kaloliiv' ve Neolik' heed Bu iki medeniyetin aaanes Salary, Kralhmak bolcsinde devam ‘ime fakat Hacarin Eski Kalo Beyeslian da yagamsana devam etmigr. Bu muhim bir neticedt. Cunkiy buna Hala feenrBinin Gineybat Anedol'da Nooltkten ibarem, bests ‘lara, Son Tung, Gofina kadar yagadifintanlamy eluyeruz, Ge sekton, Haein Bai Kalkolisiy boy ile mak seria, heykels sills, Kalesi ve gok gozal yapiimiy olan eer ile ie bir meet ‘ems etoeltedit. Tek reaklt ve boy ile sab serait Sulla fs soat ct mints bw fms Melle, Gatahoyuk Encaraion 96 Uscitlgicher “Atari ere © 4 [SKI ANADOLU ARKEOLOYISI Gog Nooltk ve bites, Gaalboyak'deki El Nelith gok mate Kini mimaris, deggh Konulardaki davar resimler,cok gt eke: lan ta ve topaktan heyilcibert ile, gergekten, tink bi medeniyes temsit-ctmekedi. Haclardski deme Neti sath, Yahi Dogu'daki diger merkeslein duramna. benzelie gostermektedi. Buse gore, sl yaplacak en mahim iy bu iki medeniyet iyi tan al, ve yay saalaeitsdimadi takib eomektir. Maral, genig fig mnasebtler haklandn yaplarak speklnyonar iin de zaman fren saylimae. Vala, bu iki medenietin Anadolu'ya har oldu, esta olrak,sbvlencbilr. HaDir'n de dedi gibi, kaki: Analy sahileindeki madara beluntsaeina kadar eval mubte li 4 — Bhan Anadolu, bu saga, cofrafyan abt Batya karan ati iletee dnmigiir®. Uaun evle ve megaronlan Orta Ana dal'ds bullalan e tpleinden gok fare, Fakat yen ara tala bw gala megaroaan Ort Azaolu'da da bilindiin gst imekteir, Beycoulan megaroivlan Bat ile Dog araandals bog temin eemig obs. Eski Tung Drerade TT. Trova alle, bk Imegaconlan (yani tann evlet ve waraylan) ve baspine bukmtslar ie tam bir ohir nedenietint tems eemektedie, Barada mchien olan tara, by bavi tekimilin pat'da da syrs-zamunda meyeana ge fy cliaatdadie. Her Iki bdgeninbayat garan, sonal Bunge, oaroy fvanteleri, apgteyuban, bibiinin ayn id, Shir, aba ve Koy fee bitin menlebes Kapltnya, Eakides, TruvacYortan bilgsnin shir dy eras, Ora Aradolnim sein igh mesarar! kar finda buy bir aye olarak gowerivrds. Fakat, bustin plan fun kueyinde de gehi dys menashklann var angling bulos taktadir, Coruliyor ki, Anadoly arkeoijznde Mlsbleymiy bilgi jan yeni teralerslmekad, Bu agin skine! yarn, Travan GGalwova'ya olan ws (yal seramik bakumndaa),Kirmob Digesneclandan daa kuvedidic. Bu minasebetin Aarayohs veya soe AN ei Ti Mag” Job Garstang, Beha Benn Se as 0 Ry eda 633.0 ‘onutichn Frindtce tle Herc, Maine 99 4a "ans ©za0@ denit yoluyla olup-slmadhs, heme, mimakaga konusudur, Buna [anylhk, Trova'da veya ciarinds Gukurova esl yottar Paka, Kunlrmak gineyinde Cukueova, Amikovns cater snhim bit yer tuimakeadir. Orta Tung Devrinde, Bee AnadolirCukurova mins: sebetler keslirten, Orta Anadolu-Gukurova minavebele sok hu velenmekedi, Eski Tung Deven Bats Anadolu medeniyetler, mahal’ usu siyederine gore, daha kucul baz Kult bolelerine aeiimakeae Binds gibi, bu bolgenin dagla, chit vader, ovalan, buna ok uyguodur, Plato ve Batt Anadolu medeniyeternin her iii de Boye bir yanginta son bulmuy olmalarasragitet, somali medeiyelerde ‘yk bir desk eimamue. Ba medeniyet Tas Anadoi'da ye lit, Dp test ve minaseheteteragmen, kn hussyetniyielerce pil devam ettrmigir. Pato ile tear miassebilet tess edly ve bys sebeble Batt Anadol'da Orta Anadli exer bulunmuqtr ‘Bu minasebecin Asue Kolrieridevrinde de, cok tat olarak de vam etn’ Trua'da bulunmy olan Kargudan hadin tan hephe Gl gosrmektedi*™ Fata, Orin Avaola tarh erken baad, Suriye-Mezoporanya tse anata nde biyik bi thal ld ‘VE. Truva da esi yer medeniyes, 1 yabot ID, Truva'soldugu sb ayabeyulan, ayni abe tempos devann et . Truva yangim, Alacahéyik, Karaoflan ve Dindartepe'deh yangulardan dabe Gnee olnuyur. Falat, Kultepe'de de. Truva yarn ile gagday olan, bays yangualar goralmekedi. Bu yangene lar orada da medeniytin degiymesine bir sebeb teil etme Su hale gore, butun Orca Anadaly ayni zamanlarde mgterek ya folara maruc kalmigu. kine safhade gerlen taiberie mor ul Hiidermidie? Kanaaumuzca, buns imkin yokturs Bs honu spekie Jasyonlara acti. Fakat,arkeoljinin bu probleme yardim etmedi- {in deve mecburus, 5 — K. Belin yg¢a'de ide etigi gibi, plato ite Bas Ana- Alla vases Kalan inkl schasinda, 3k blgenin de teslr! gor as dey Wen bs aba (ONL BA or Hl ehh ter Aton Ben x nN SK! ANABOLU ARKEOLOMISL * rmektedir. Barada yaplanstemli kaze, Bat ve Dogu tesiteinin hang! devide gotaldgi, bangl devisde eksldiin’ ogretmigir, Ba bale de ikiye ayabtacie ‘a — Kuzeyhat'da Frigyaitinys bales, b — Gineybau'da Frigya-Pidya balge™, Yalnn, «bolgesinin, bugine kadar Sazlan hoyible: (Demirc- Hoysk, Bor Hayih gibi) Orta Tung Devinde ‘skin edilmemitin Bunlrda Keztvmak hav igindehi medenivetten cok, Ankar Saka ya bilgesnin (Ablathbel ye bilhasa Raraoglan} tse alundad Biinya geubunun Gineydoge Baan kaltreryie miyoerk oss yedlre sahib oldugu test eh, fat, Kuzeybaus Anadlu'un ‘te Truva civarnin teri hepsinden daha Buvetiie™. Aya gb tg gin delle sdrilebiiey yale, burada maballi horasiyeter daha kevvethidit, Vivi senuik cok artauy, Pidyada garb gan Mu testler"™: Kowura'ds boys gelinde gkinlan lan ocilar ‘6 damga mubdeler kllanytr™ Paka, Kusura mez, en sok, Le Truva'ya benzelikgosteriken, B Kulusdnde plato seer emmy, Gkst C Saunds, Kultepe'se Orta Tong, Devt isin pik flan Eski Hitt scamigi kallaninger, Bvler megaron tpinde dic. Blum bunlar bi inka} bolgesinde beklenebiecck ists teed YeONDaha bata Kalan ve bu seb daha gok bir Bat Anadolu karina tems eden Beyeesltan’m Trusa-Yortan, Kusues, Pola ve AMatibel le de muinaubeti ward, Ba seein Mt, Ox. Binin Senunda, ve 2-6) Binde platoya da benzergt guraliyer Biz gore, fen Soemlst Hits Kap yeileriin vari; fakat bunlain tek Taek. Heyeeslen veramii, plata’ benzelerinn tsihine ba tinea, ok daha gee bie deve taihlennektei Excavations a Kara, ear Atan Rarabear EAU (Aral 38), 297 tagh a vesty #)s Wink! Lan Nastia Sse pated 9 Wa Wee Besta, ge 19 Anan Seine (A St Vie 1936» ‘Koon oahy a 044 ve 8, a it Lab, Some Esty‘Tansty Ozc06 ogy, Orta ve Bats Anasol killer birivinden mista ola sak tckamll eum bce yer, Anadolia medenivetedir. Di tes Jer, birbirerile olan munasebeler ve gigler, bx medenivterin ay tekdmulunu degigdemems, her tide de Andou’ olan husus eile, daima, hakim kalmr. Bonar, keadt arsannda ne kadar ‘mahalli hosuiyedereayrllarsa aynianlar, onlars ditidan Dae figs taman beprinin dene kadat cok Anadou'ta oldugu sort Anadolu'da, Mt O. Ucincd Binin son yanmina ait yeni heir, Ke Buen teliserinidorolamaktud Anadol'su eogeasabolgterine ayiaar fat ine bir butin larak tetik etmek istedik. Eaiden ve yeni olarak haan bier veproblemleri bu mectnin finde bulmak mamitindir. Orta Anadoly= dda en buytk peoblemler Cenc Binden, Thine! Bie getdirs fakat soa senelerde biz bit ok Yen blgilerkszandran Bogeehy ve Kile fepe'de bu meseleerin him bir hsm ime tok dating irceke, By mabalede, Babi Amado Kutisesin bir but olarak ve baz arkcoloji malzemesinin etik grublavin mlnascbeind eis derek tetlke salah. Biz agra ye, Anadol' Ia kunt ne kde Gini yan, Cen dogu ve bats Blgelesn’Birbisine bahyan An lola éaelilrin ne otdugunu da fzaba galgtk, Buna sive ola, ‘nadolu'nun,tabiaten, muhteli bolgelere ayrian kwwmaruata my. dana geen mall Lolsinbususveterin ebicte etree gal tuk Asie, som kepflerin nds, Hie hittin keke bulmugs ‘ve Asiur Koleiles’ Devine tckaddim eden soéda, Anedou'nun ‘Kuzey-Suriye-Mezopotamya ile karligu en eoki bala tain etme Sallgok. Biz, Kultepe ile igh bahislerd, sadece, Kultepe kealannin fevkalide onemli olan netielernk ah exmeodie:ayni amanda Eek ‘Tong Devei ve Anadolu taihinin ek safhayle i problemdesini de gistermigecalyik. Barada, Koltepe karan olmaltin Anodols {ashi rekosatsiyonns oki dni iat etnek ane Aare Tin 02006 ‘THE URARTIAN ARCHITECTURE ON THE SUMMIT ‘OF ALTINTEPE, craists Oz60¢ Aluntspe it important both forthe Hight it sheds on: Usain chacongy and alto for showing low the Uractans used the land outs in order to extubl reladone with the Pheygans and theic ‘westein neighbours, Asi i posible ee to ae both the smonameatal buildings and the numerous small abject wsed by the Urarias, the shy of this site makes ic posible to understand their ar [Excavations undertaken duting the part dee years at Aluntepe have made the flying contributions 40. Urastian. archaeology and the history of art 1 = The palace or receptionsall at Aluntpe isa vant columned rectangular building measuring in the interior 44% 2590 me and ‘rected on the summit ofthe ill south of the temple anda x lige hily higher level (Phan a; Pl, XI, 1-2). The nowh wall of the reception balls pady overlying the south wal o the temple soo [Excavations have been completed apart from on Sts sorthesten, short side, The audviek walls rem. thick and the Mat roof ws Supported by 18 three toms of sx) thick columns which stood on oud sone bares 3.30 m. in diameter. No rooms open ob eiher (tthe tee sis of this all andthe only temaiting posit {hat they were placed in the northeast snd narrow side, The outer ‘lor inthe northeast corner Ids to 2 watible, hence via. a second Aoorway to the bigger room, The wall in mudbrck sand on sone Fiundations. In contrast to Bre-bini, at Altwntepe there is a0 ins ripton, drebing the building of dhe se. “Spark fom gokd fragments nothing as found on che Bard smth floor with & plasters surface and thee were neler Benches foe alepingplatrais. “The Dearth is inthe northeast ball of the audiense-hall. The most important feature ofthis hall are ‘nln Oagus, Notepe Kanlanfacastinns at lange Been 98 sgn pasta“ TANSIN O2cv@ firscoes punted on the plaster of the walls, Par of these fesees sil adhered to them but most of them bad fen on the floor, Painted inte, blk, blue and white, the mot are sich and varied, ‘The ‘oc of the rescoes are atanged in several eines, There are ees af geometric patterns, osectes erendated designs; palettes, tee, winged sphines, animals and sacred tres Mlanked by winged gen ‘There are vey eeprsentadons of palmette motif (PL XVIII, 2). The ‘winged geniiin human shape are drew In claborsely decorated long ‘coats, wide belts and evens with hor, and have Tong black bit (PL XVII, 1). Each genius holds 3 basket in hit et hand, They are salting the ees and ths increasing thee fertility. They have sking Profiles, which seem to represent the rpieal Uraran physoguomy ‘The winged geil are whitened. They cach weat a ed pol ‘The coats are red with white Hinged borders ond dlagonal finger above the wa. Thee winged gonii ate placed in hue panei ‘The sacred tree is red and black, the ground fs but, Completely simexpeted among the paintings were fragments of scenes shee tees with green leaves among which a sag i hiding behind « wee while nearby tion attacks a deer. The ancy are exceed in an ‘exceedingly lively style and open up sn ently new, mut excing aspect of Urarian at Although all the scenes are fagmentary, it will be posible to festoe them and show Bow the walls of an Urania palace were Aecorsted. ‘The scale of thee scenes vane. The human and animal se- Presentations forming the center of the frescoe are lier tha the rely decorative moi in whic they are framed, and sce from a stance, dese figures seem to increase in sige. On both mall the Asposion of the decoration fells a parallel pattern Those tescocs are very similar in techtique, motif, syle and farrangient to thoe discovered at Arinsberd (old Ere-bui) Avia {he temple pln, there i no allowatce made. for local tends and the various rules decorated their temples and. palaces iv accor: dance with « siedy Urardan fusion, a Semin en hes Yt an fi 8 receptontall difient fom the Ayan pales and the NerdsSyan bling of te scald Dice "ype. The tiene of rooms around ft ds not pevent me om cling ithe fiat exompe af tn dads that 9 cou hall of een spe ike te empl the places pesiy in. The ne eee for chiens conited by the Urata ae ingore * bu he trove deoraon wast reat catenthorowed fom the Amytian, Ith art ab wee the arn made ng cons the anal palng tag sng example, should be elle in ths conection thr the Achaemenid Pens (be Tran) ert fren dal orn the Uriiane 2 — One ofthe mot Important els ofthe excavations ithe aco an Uren tol thin abe compe Sth the help of the Alonepe epee cam inmgine ha the temple af Urara hl been lies Now we have define evidence fr the san and enucton of Ursa tonics The feng area as ‘ete in tp he plan ouare 19.99% 19908) he wale Shak aod lined wi hee comes of welled sone (Plan 23 Kit 1 Ils). The ae to soe teprn rt af he nance, fom ‘which a coor (98 tn, lng) Iede ile he eal wih 2 {Suebue none gan ts toth nal Pan) Te ele ee fe 20% go mes Int la tee ve ile wee fd mee ad von asow-and speared, veper or macebeas, Focery enh and eared eden plagues The prio The temple wat of ube ad pint rd white, ea Bu, wi epresetaons too dye te recom + seth Adame zag dB eae ei acy ey spr bt matin of Cita er ead eps Up, a4) ‘bate op a yp 596 TIKR sgh, 25; AIS 66, 1, 0 Gy oi ace 98 8é Tausty O70. The temple sand in the mile of a couryar, mean 27 <7 imo ts foundations are of sone and the wale ee oe ‘mudbvic, a fine chutes in welled sone sad ares Un temple berwcen it and the courvrd Wall The colons eee ot ‘wood. ix alin bases are secn in onto the ell aoc esoee ameterand ao m.nhigh. Restoneandeste Theale et ate 7.20 mom the ont wal and 3501290 mom the ale Aaa back Thy shove he extensor pen peg nce ihe xa theming etna op ha tee mpl exacly opp heels (Pan Tes the Bt prev Urarin temple found to date and the fine ample showing in del the plane such bang Te ‘9p of empl plo Urartu ieanknown tether poo se Ey iftrnt tom Anyran snd Hine repos Te ean Important Uraran conutbaton tothe hry ancien The shape o i sot ll nk, bat we hope o mine Se ablen sith the help ofthe Asin li ad he rane of anc teiave There is wrong pois hat the main etance Was el Bo tye he re hn nh ri falls tothe ade, cn othe man cone a ws $c nanan se ory tents fain a as feof winged men wth nt eas and gen tthe ei ede (L-NVL,), at Rnd Hore panel tot aypel ariel mene april fs feof teh dt of CT ih ae bea Se ely dcr and gol tafe he ving heer OF th cat Hh aren po don They es a for Siar of ing mend Topas he can 3 Warn Ths pew fre wine i In the raised hand, . Sear ae ‘The ivory statue of a seated li th its head eurned é let anism pe mar of Urata nent muah Ritapt Bat, A Catagt he Nn Iain Lend, 2a cine pate He, Vet 6 Nn 0 ‘rr, ORARTIAN ARCHITECTURE a es ferecious temper is eres depicted in ewery deta ofthe free, Lhe eyeseyebrows and the wrinkles around the ewe. The neck and breast ae covered with gold Tea. A Second Hon is lightly diferent, fand bigger than the ist, bu its expression is also ferocious. ts hody {ston destroyed to be reconsrueted, The syle af this rated lon fn ivory can be compared with these ofthe Hon situ of Sage ‘An ony dee, with ead tuned toward tren, formed pat of brooch (I. XII, :). The rest poon ofits hapely body i carved With great realam, So fr di plague is unique and, like some ofthe Printing, ie a representative of very attractive typeof Uratinn Br that have hitherto been unknown, The body was niin peeiour Hone or meta, ‘The heads of a man and a woman decorated » plaques and vere found together. ‘Two ehuped hands are well pred and once belonged co a statuette in homage, part of furniture decoration, "The ale of chase ivory object is diferent from that of the Syrian, Phornician and Amyian ory works ‘The ivory Figures of winged men show clone resemblances wo the ivory objects uneat Ted at Toprablate, neat Van thee style is purely Urania, 1 wil come nreenary #0 distinguish am Urartan syle, besides the Pho- sidan, Syrian and Ausolan onc. COcher objects from the temple, nich a¢ the bronze helmets in Awan shape shields, iron and broaze spearheads, potery vesels ‘ree Tuman heads made of bieumen, goldcheaded. vals, foil for furnituce, and table with three feet are eypical examples of Urarian workmanship fund alang with the Ivory objet. “The Altntepé Finds prove the accuracy af dhe information given by Sargon IT aad the rchoes af an Urartian temple, ‘Gn the west of the courtyard here are several well preserved rooms which belong to the tomple (lan 2: PL XIV, 1-2). The wall of tho alonal large bling stand to considerable hight in mudbrick, Uunburn, on sone foundations. ‘The two walls of the Tage room were once richly painted in white, Due and red, The most aree ‘Tansty o700e Blighty ifrent fiom the mosis of the reception-hall, Asin al ‘samples of Uraran architecture, the walls are very thick”, Ae Aluatepe there are 1 mala building levels The reepton= Dall Belongs tO the later level (Level I) andthe temple tthe cay one, In Level Tl, the teebnique of construction was greatly Aeveloped. The syle ofthe jects dicovered during the caexetions shows that Title time lapsed betwern the two levels Aloreover, althoug’ some ofits walls had been destoyed the temple wat all ‘te during the construction of the palace. Bath levels date frm the last quarter of the 8 th century and the First half ofthe 7 i ce {wy B.C. This in Alomtepe's best peri, not only Alsmtepe's but ‘ko Toprablale's and Karmi-biu's!, This the second snd et briltane phase of Urartian art. And Alintepe is ts mort cnpotant represealative, 3.— The third of the large builings at Alentpe is a great Storethouse™. ts rooms were filed with jars which hall Bed in the ground, ae placed in regular owe (PI, XV, 1) Thee eapacty ad contents were indicated by Uraran hisoglyphe Here als, the alums supporting the ref wood on regular stone bases The nore Ihowes uncovered at Karmi-blur are iden to ours, This shows how earefel were che Urartans, who ved in frites, to protect hie food stores. The overiord made tht rule in every ety ander his orders, We beter that more of dhse oficial storehouses ext st Aluniepe where the Urardans, masters at tenaeebuilding, cone structed terraced ciy-walls and thus secured a larger building space fom the summit of te step hl, 4 At Aluntepe an openair temple was discovered near the tombs, Tt consists of four stelar thee meters igh set upon the Jong fat stone bases atone ent of along and atfily Illa area (Fig. 2; PL XV, 2). The tones are very caeflly worked but there are no inscriptions An akar with a cetrl fle had been placed in ost ofthe stone base. The platform. was surrounded by a stone wall ‘on all 4 sides, Undoubtedly’ this was an ares asociaed. with a we Belen ft age 2 Neen 9 = KO, Ka 8 Baten seep ae> reception hall. Abin all alls are very thick’ dng levee The reception 1) and the temple to the fcomstacton wis greatly re during the exeavatione the ewo levels, Moreover, the temple wa alin oth levels date fom the ist half of the y th cone ino only Alemeepe’ bt isis the second and lst pei mot insportant «at Aluntepe & a great which, Bal buted in Vt, Tei ap ote es, to protect rule in every ety under ial soreahontes exit a st teracebulding cone | larger building space wat dicovered nar the eters igh set upon the arifially levelled area ly worked, bt here ave had been plaed in fro minded by a sone. wall few atocated with a“TH URaRTIAN ARCHITECTURE * funerary cul, A stamp-talimpresion publited by Lehmann. Hiaypt depicts a buman figure praying infront of ach am upright stone, This ype of culeplaee is peculiar to ke Ursin and ‘lated tothe cule ofthe dead, ‘Alomtepe wat far fom Aswan surounded by igh, impene= trable mountain, Is geographical suaton had protected rom the Asyian atacks, and thetefore is monumental buildings were not Mlotroyed oF robbed by the Asian armicy when Tua, modeen Von, and Muga were badly destroyed, Te seems «0 have been abandoned, Tex inhobitents Te the fortes beoce a vanguard of fnemy fores reached the plain of Erzinran fiom the Eat fears rain O76 emi df a9 af