Stages of Labor

In most cases, after admission, the woman is subjected to some preparations dete
rmined by your doctor. These preparations consist of shaving of pubic hair (shav
ed), enema and installation of serum with medication. These procedures are not m
andatory, but are frequent. First stage: starts with regular contractions and en
ds with full dilatation of the cervix. The length of the first stage varies grea
tly from woman to woman but is a normal space 4-12 hours for a woman giving birt
h for the first time and 2-6 hours for a woman who has had at least one child be
fore. When starting the first stage, the baby's head begins to descend and cervi
x to dilate. The strong contractions of the uterus gradually dilate the cervix a
nd the membranes rupture. When you finish the first stage, the cervix has its ma
ximum dilation: 10 cm or 5 fingers. Second Stage: begins when the cervix reaches
its maximum dilatation and ends with the complete output of the baby. At this s
tage, you feel a sensation of pressure on the perineum. Uterine contractions, th
e combined effort of the mother pushing the baby to the vagina. The head is elon
gated because of the infant to pass through the cervix and vagina, it is being s
queezed and molded the best possible way. This only happens because at the time
of birth, the baby's skull bones are not yet welded to each other. This format p
ointed disappears quickly. This second stage does not usually take more than two
hours. Is usually much shorter, especially after the first child. The most time
consuming is the passage of the baby's head as the rest of the body comes out i
n less than a minute. Third Stage: begins immediately after birth and ends with
the detachment of the placenta from the uterine part, which is expelled through
the vagina. This occurs 3-5 minutes after birth. Induction: it is called the ind
uction procedure by which it begins, through medication, labor. This procedure i
s indicated only by a physician after evaluation. Driving Labor: is the same pro
cess used by medical induction, when the labor lasted too, without the baby to d
escend through the birth canal. This procedure is performed under certain circum
stances such as when the contractions remain distant or wholly ceased, when the
bag has ruptured and labor has not started spontaneously. In such cases, it used
a drug that stimulates or causes contractions to regularize (serum).
Types of Birth
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Childbirth: the expulsion of the baby occurs only with the pressure that the wal
ls of the uterus exert on it. Normally, in a normal delivery, the episiotomy is
performed, which consists of a surgical cut made in the perineal region to assis
t the departure of the baby and prevent rupture of the perineal tissues. The sut
ure is made immediately after birth, healing in a few days. In most cases, you m
ust give some anesthesia to reduce pain and ensure the safety of mother and baby
. Forceps Birth: vaginal delivery in which one uses a surgical instrument like a
spoon, which is placed on the sides of the baby's head to help the obstetrician
to withdraw it from the birth canal. Apparatus Vacuum Extractor: The vacuum ext
ractor works like a miniature vacuum cleaner and can be used without an episioto
my. The suction cup is placed in the baby's head and he is sucked out with each
contraction. This produces a bulge in the baby's head like a rooster, which disa
ppears a few days after birth. Cesarean childbirth: is surgical removal of the b
aby. This procedure is performed when mother or baby have some specific situatio
ns, such as disposal of feces (meconium) for the baby inside the bag, change the
baby's heartbeat, problems with the operation or placement of the placenta, ecl
ampsia (severe maternal hypertension ) active genital herpes infection; baby too
large in proportion to the maternal pelvis, incorrect positioning of the infant
, multiple pregnancy. - Types
Anaesthesia
Perineal blockade or local anesthesia: done only in the area of the episiotomy.
Blocking Spinal: Spinal and Epidural:
â ¢ â ¢
The Spinal promotes sensory and motor block, ie, the patient ceases to feel and
move the legs and lower abdomen. This type of anesthesia provides a greater rela
xation of the pelvic region and its installation is faster. The Epidural promote
s only the sensory block, ie, the patient lets just feel, remaining drive; elimi
nating the pain, but not to interfere with uterine contractions.