TUTORIAL 5

1. A rigid tank with a volume of 3 ft3 is initially filled with refrigerant-R12 at 120 psia and 140
F. The refrigerant is now cooled to 20 F. Determine
(a) the mass of the refrigerant
(b) the final pressure in the tank
(c) the heat transferred from the refrigerant

2. A rigid tank is divided into 2 equal parts by a partition. Initially, one side of the tank contains
5 kg of water at 200 kPa and 25 C and the other side is evacuated. The partition is then
removed and the water expands into the entire tank. The water is then allowed to exchange
heat with its surroundings until the temperature in the tank returns to its initial value of 25 C.
Determine the
(a) volume of the tank
(b) final pressure
(c) internal energy change.

3. A piston-cylinder arrangement initially contains air at 150 kPa and 27C. At this state, the
piston is resting on a pair of stops and the enclosed volume is 400 L. The mass of the piston
is such that a 350 kPa pressure is required to move it. The air is now heated until its volume
has doubled. Determine
(a) the final temperature
(b) work done by air
(c) total heat added.

4. A mass of 5 kg of saturated water vapour at 200 kPa is heated at constant pressure until the
temperature reaches 300 C. Calculate the work done by the steam during the process.

5. A frictionless piston-cylinder device contains 8 kg of superheated water vapour at 500 kPa and
300 C. Steam is now cooled at constant pressure until 70 per cent of it, by mass, condenses.
Calculate the work done during the process.
6. A well-insulated rigid tank initially contains 5 kg of saturated liquid-vapour mixture of water
at 100 kPa. Initially, three quarters of the mass is in the liquid phase. An electric resistor
placed in the tank is connected to a 110-V source, and a current of 8 A flows through the
resistor when the switch is turned on. Determine how long it will take to vaporise all the liquid
in the tank.

7. A closed, rigid container of volume 0.5 m3 is placed on a hot plate. Initially, the container holds
a two-phase mixture of saturated liquid water and saturated water vapour at p1 = 1 bar with a
quality of 0.5. After heating, the pressure in the container is p2 = 1.5 bar. Indicate the initial
and final states on a Tv diagram, and determine
(a) the temperature, in oC, at each state.
(b) the mass of vapour present at each state, in kg.
(c) If heating continues, determine the pressure, in bar, when the container holds only saturated
vapour.

8. A vertical pistoncylinder assembly containing 0.05 kg of ammonia, initially a saturated

vapour, is placed on a hot plate. Due to the weight of the piston and the surrounding
atmospheric pressure, the pressure of the ammonia is 1.5 bars. Heating occurs slowly, and the
ammonia expands at constant pressure until the final temperature is 25oC. Show the initial and
final states on Tv and pv diagrams, and determine:
(a) the volume occupied by the ammonia at each state, in m3.
(b) the work for the process, in kJ.

9. A well-insulated rigid tank having a volume of 0.25 m3 contains saturated water vapour at
100oC. The water is rapidly stirred until the pressure is 1.5 bars. Determine the temperature at
the final state, in oC, and the work during the process, in kJ.

10. Water contained in a pistoncylinder assembly undergoes two processes in series from an
initial state where the pressure is 10 bar and the temperature is 400oC.
Process 12: The water is cooled as it is compressed at a constant pressure of 10 bar to the
saturated vapor state.
Process 23: The water is cooled at constant volume to 150oC.
(a) Sketch both processes on Tv and pv diagrams.
(b) For the overall process determine the work, in kJ/kg.
(c) For the overall process determine the heat transfer, in kJ/kg.