Hans Wakhida Rakhmatullah

156020310111008

Sociological Paradigms and Organizational Analysis

Elements of the Sociology of Corporate Life
Gibson Burrell and Gareth Morgan Heinemann, London, 1979, ch. 1-3

A. Assumptions About the Nature of Social Sciences

Based on the idea that all organizational theory is based on a philosophy of science and a
theory of society, social science conceptualized by four sets of assumptions related to:
1. ontology: assumptions that discusses a very essential thing about the phenomenon
investigated. Whether something is really there or just an idea I had in mind.
2. epistemology: the assumptions discussed how the origins of a phenomenon originally
conceived so that later emerged as the knowledge learned man.
3. human nature: the assumptions discussed whether humans are influenced or
determined by the environment or human beings have free will and can decide what
kind of environment.
4. methodology: the three previous assumptions determine what methodology would be
used when investigating a phenomenon.
Both subjective and objective extremes have different approaches and assumptions of the
social sciences. The difference is illustrated in the following scheme:

A. Assumptions About Nature Society

The debate about the nature of society revolves around the character of the
community tend to view on whether the order or even the public at any time are always in a
state of conflict and disagreement. First understand categorized as sociology of regulation
that its main concern is how to provide public explanations to highlight the unity and
bonding in the community. While opposing views called the sociology of radical change
whose main concern is to explain the radical changes, domination, contradictions and
structural contradictions that exist in modern society.

B. Analyzing Paradigm in Social Sciences

By combining views on assuming the nature of social science and the nature of
society, the paradigm to analyze social theory can be divided into four, namely radical
humanist, radical structuralist, interpretive and functionalist. To be clear, the classification
can be depicted in the quadrant as follows:
functionalist paradigm
This paradigm is rooted in sociology of regulation by using an objective standpoint. His
trademark is a great attention to the explanations of the status quo, social order, consensus,
social integration, soliadritas, fulfillment and actualization.

paradigm Interpretive
This paradigm is rooted in sociology of regulation with a subjective point of view. His main
concern is on how to understand the world as it is, to understand the fundamental nature of
the social world of subjective experience. This paradigm seeks to explain the world of one's
consciousness and subjectivity, in the frame of reference to those directly involved, not as
an observer.

Paradgima Radical Humanist

This paradigm is defined by its main concern is to develop the sociology of radical change
from the subjective point of view. This paradigm holds that in a society it is important to
remove or break the boundaries that exist in a social setting.

Paradgima Radical Structuralist

This paradigm departing from the view of Sociology of radical change from an objective
standpoint. Radical structuralist very persistent in discussing issues of radical change,
emancipation, and potensiality, analysis emphasizes structural conflicts, domination,
contradictions and expropriation (deprivation).

A. Conclusion
Understanding of the paradigms of social research is important because each researcher will
depart from this paradigm when explaining the social sciences. By understanding the social
science paradigm, then we can judge a study to analyze the perspectives and paradigms that
are used.