Macron Manual

H Y GO O D
MACRON SAFETY SYSTEMS

(UK) LIMITED

FM-200
'TOTAL FLOODING'
FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM
ENGINEERED SYSTEM
INSTALLATION GUIDE
LDWIDE
FIRE PROTECTION WORLDWID
PM6/FM200/TJB/11110/05.10.01/ISSUE 2.9
H Y GO O D
INSTALLATION GUIDE
(ENGINEERED SYSTEMS)
FM-200 'TOTAL FLOODING'

FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM
WARNING: THE DISCHARGE OF CLEAN AGENT SYSTEMS TO EXTINGUISH A

FIRE CAN RESULT IN A POTENTIAL HAZARD TO PERSONNEL FROM THE NATU-
RAL FORM OF THE CLEAN AGENT OR THE PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION THAT
RESULT FROM EXPOSURE OF THE AGENT TO THE FIRE OR HOT SURFACES.
UNNECESSARY EXPOSURE OF PERSONNEL EITHER TO THE NATURAL AGENT
OR TO THE PRODUCTS OF DECOMPOSITION SHALL BE AVOIDED.
MACRON SAFETY SYSTEMS (UK) LIMITED

WOODLANDS PLACE
WOODLANDS ROAD
GUILDFORD SURREY GU1 1RN
ENGLAND
TELEPHONE: (+44)(0)1 483 572222

FACSIMILE: (+44)(0)1 483 302180
HYGOOD CONTENTS
SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION SECTION 3 - SYSTEM DESIGN
About this Manual ....................................... 5 System Design .............................................. 24

Definitions .................................................... 5 Hazard Analysis .................................... 24
Contacts ....................................................... 5 Hazard Structure......................................... 25
Introduction .................................................. 5 Hazard Volume ....................................... 25
Approvals and Standards ............................. 5 Ventilation .............................................. 25
Health and Safety ......................................... 6 Hazard Temperature ............................... 25
First Aid ........................................................ 7 Hazard Fuels .......................................... 25
FM-200 Agent characteristics ..................... 7 Personnel Safety .................................... 26
Agent Physical Properties ..................... 8 Agent Quantities ................................... 26
Table 1: FM-200 .............................................................. 8 Agent Storage ....................................... 26
Table 2: Nitrogen ................................... 8 Manifolds .............................................. 26
Table 3: Toxicology/Environmental ....... 8 Agent Distribution ................................ 26
Agent Flow Characteristics .......................... 27

Nitrogen Superpressurisation ................ 27
SECTION 2 - SYSTEM COMPONENTS Flow in Pipe ........................................... 27
Initial Vapour Discharge ........................ 27
System Components ..................................... 9 Trailing Vapour Pressure ....................... 27
FM-200 Container ................................ 9
Table 4: Container Details ...................... 9 Nozzle selection and location ....................... 27
Container Label........................................... 10 Example: Max Limits in pipe Work ......... 28
Fixing Bracket ........................................ 11 Example: Nozzle Selection ...................... 29
Valve Assembly ..................................... 11
Principle of Operation ............................ 11 System Design Procedure ............................. 29
Burst Disc.................................................... 12 Example: Tee Split Designs .................... 30
Low Pressure Switch ............................. 12 Design Example - Calculations ...................... 31
Manual Actuator ................................... 12 Example .................................................. 31
Pneumatic Actuator ............................... 13
Removable Electrical Actuator .............. 13 Piping Practices ............................................ 33
Flameproof Electrical Actuator ................ 14
Flexible Discharge Hose ........................ 14
Manifold ................................................ 15 SECTION 4 - FLOW CALCULATIONS
Table 5: Manifold Dimensions BSP ....... 15
Table 5a: Manifold Dimensions Flanged 16
Manifold Bracket Assembly .................. 16 Introduction .................................................. 34
Manifold Check Valve ............................ 17 Table 6: Weight Calculations Imperial .... 34
Directional Valve .................................... 17 Table 6a: Weight Calculations Metric .... 35
In Line Check Valve ............................... 18 Table 7: Altitude Correction...................... 35
Manifold Burst Disc .............................. 18 FM-200 Equation Calculations .................... 35
Flexible Pilot Hose ................................. 19 Engineered Systems ..................................... 36
Male Adapter ........................................ 19 Program Parameters ............................... 36
Male Tee ................................................ 20 Table 8: Max/Min Flow Rates ................ 36
Male Elbow.................................................. 20 Table 9: Equivalent Length
Pressure Switch ..................................... 20 for Pipe Fittings ..................................... 37
Discharge Nozzle ................................... 21 Table 10: Equivalent Length for other
Manifold Vent Valve .............................. 21 Components .......................................... 37
Door Notice ........................................... 22
Manual Release Notice.............................. 22
Typical Manifold System ....................... 23
FM-200 Installation Guide

CONTENTS
HYGOOD
SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION SECTION 7 - SYSTEM OPERATION
General Information ...................................... 38 General Comments ........................................ 56

Container Installation ................................... 38 System Detection & Actuation ..................... 56
Single Container Installation ......................... 39 General ................................................... 56
Table 11: Bracket Fixing Heights ............ 39 Manual System ...................................... 56
Multiple Container Installation ..................... 40 Fully Automatic System ........................ 56
Manifold Bracket Installation ................ 40 Fully Automatic System with Manual Inter-
Table 12: Manifold Bracket Height ........ 41 vention .................................................. 57
Pipe Installation ............................................ 42 Conditions During a Fire ............................... 57
Table 13: UK Steel Pipe Requirements ... 42 FM-200Concentration .......................... 57
Table 14: UK Fittings ............................. 42 FM-200 Decomposition ....................... 57
Table 15: US Steel Pipe Requirements .... 43 FM-200 Discharge Conditions ............. 57
Table 16: US Fittings .............................. 43 Actions Following a Fire ............................... 58
Pipe Hangers ......................................... 43 General ................................................... 58
Table 17: Hanger Spacing ...................... 43 Actions Immediately Following a Fire ... 58
Earthing & Electrical Clearance........................ 44
Table 18: Safety Clearances ................... 44
Nozzles .......................................................... 44 SECTION 8 - MAINTENANCE
Actuation Installation ................................... 45
Single Container Actuation ................... 45 Introduction .................................................. 59
Multiple Container Actuation ................ 47 User's Programme of Inspection ................... 59
Ancillary Equipment ..................................... 49 Contract Service & Maintenance .................. 60
Discharge Pressure Switch .................... 49 Mechanical Service Procedure ...................... 61
Low Pressure Switch ............................. 50 Specialised Maintenance Duties. .................. 62
Accessories .................................................. 50 Finally .................................................... 62
Door Notices ......................................... 50
Manual Release Notices ........................ 50
Completion Procedures ................................. 50
SECTION 9 - RECHARGING
Pre-checks and Visual Inspections ........ 51
Final Connections .................................. 51
Valve Refurb ................................................. 63
Handover Procedures ................................... 52
Testing .......................................................... 63
Container/Valve Assy ................................... 64
Filling ............................................................ 64
SECTION 6 - INTEGRITY TESTING
Table 19: Fill Tolerance Table ................. 66
Table 20: Temperature Correction Chart . 66
Introduction .................................................. 53 Container/Valve Assy Leak Test ................... 67
Principle ........................................................ 53 Decanting ..................................................... 67
Equivalent Leakage Area (ELA) ................... 53
Transportation .............................................. 68
Below Ceiling Leakage Area (BCLA) ............ 53
Predicting Retention Time ............................ 53
Slab to Slab Walls .................................. 53
Coordination and Planning ........................... 53
Integrity Test Procedure ........................ 54
Enclosure Evaluation ............................. 54
Calculation .................................................... 55
Leakage Location .......................................... 55

HYGOOD CONTENTS
SECTION 10 - WARRANTY,
DISCLAIMERS & LIMITATIONS
Warranty ....................................................... 69
Disclaimers & Limitations ............................. 69
SECTION 11 - APPENDICES
Appendix A - Site Survey / Request Form .... 71

Appendix B - Temperature Correction Chart . 73
Appendix C - Hughes Program printout ....... 74
Appendix D - FM-200 Material Safety
Data Sheet (MSDS).................84

SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION H Y GO O D
About this Manual Introduction
This manual is a comprehensive guide that contains all FM-200 is a clean, safe fire fighting agent for use in
the information necessary to design, install and main- total flooding automatic extinguishing systems. It is in-
tain the FM-200 Engineered Extinguishing system sup- tended as a long term replacement for Halon 1301 and,
plied by Macron Safety Systems Limited. However the whilst maintaining the excellent fire suppression prop-
manual does not address information relating to fire de- erties of Halon, has none of the environmental prob-
tection. Please refer to the BFPSA Code of Practice for lems. Storage and distribution requirements are similar
Gaseous Fire Fighting Systems. to Halon and the majority of system components are
identical. However, FM-200 is not a direct replacement
Users of this manual are assumed to be competent
for existing Halon 1301 installations due to the differ-
fire engineers with a basic knowledge of such systems.
ence in agent quantity and discharge characteristics.
The contents are arranged in a logical order describing
The FM-200 design concentration for Class A fire risks
the various procedures in turn, alternatively specific sec-
is 7.5 %, and therefore requires approximately 45% addi-
tions can be referred to as required. Users who are not
tional storage capacity over that required for Halon in
familiar with the equipment should first read the com-
the same area.
plete manual.
The manufacturers claim that FM-200 is safer than
Halon 1301 for use in total flooding applications and the
US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) accepts ex-
Definitions tended use exposures of up to 9%. This has been fur-
ther confirmed by a recently published HAG report. FM-
FM-200 FM-200 is a registered trade mark 200 is rated as Zero Ozone Depletion (ODP), is electri-
of the Great Lakes Chemical Corpo- cally non-conductive, clean, and leaves no residue. Re-
ration. fer to NFPA 2001, 2000 edition "Clean Agent Fire Extin-
guishing Systems," Section 1-6 "Safety," for additional
System In this manual system refers to the exposure requirements.
extinguishing equipment and does The systems described in this manual are 'engi-
not include any electrical system neered'. Engineered systems for example can consist of
which may initiate an agent release. several FM-200 containers, manifolded together and
connected via a pipe network to a number of discharge
Engineered Hydraulic flow program used to nozzles.
predict the two phase flow of
FM-200 through a pipe network. Systems may be activated mechanically or electri-
cally. Mechanical manual actuation is via a strike knob
attached to the container valve. Electrical actuation is
Contacts via a removable side mounted solenoid. The solenoid
can be energised automatically by a signal from a de-
Should any part of this manual not be understood, or tection and alarm control panel.
there are any queries concerning a system, please con-
tact: Users of this manual should find that sufficient in-
formation is provided to plan, design, purchase compo-
Macron Safety Systems (UK) Limited nents, install, operate and maintain the system. How-
Woodlands Place ever, in the event that part of the document is not under-
Woodlands Road stood, or if there is any concern as to the suitability of
Guildford the protection, do not hesitate to contact one of our
Surrey specialist engineers for the matter to be quickly resolved.
GU1 1RN
England
Approvals and Standards
Tel. (+44) (0)1483 572222
Fax. (+44) (0)1483 302180 Macron's manufactured equipment and the FM-200
agent, manufactured by Great Lakes Chemical Corpora-
tion, have acquired comprehensive approvals and list-
ings providing further support to the overall product.
FM-200 Installation Guide 5

H Y GO O D SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION
FM-200 Agent served e.g. BS5306: Part 5: Section 5.1 and the BFPSA
Code of Practice for Gaseous Fire Fighting Systems.
Factory Mutual (Approved)
Reference should also be made to NFPA 2001 and
Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) Recognised BFPSA Volume 3 section 19 A review of the toxic and
Component asphyxiating hazards of clean agents replacements for
NFPA 2001 Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Sys- Halon 1301.
tems (Listed Alternative) FM-200, like halon, extinguishes by causing a chemi-
US EPA SNAP Rpt. (Unrestricted Listed Alterna- cal reaction with the combustion products, and does
tive) not remove oxygen like CO2 and other inert agents.
Australian Industrial Chemicals Notification (Ap- Therefore, exposure to FM-200 at the design con-
proved) centration of 7.5 %, and up to 9.0%, is not hazardous to
health. Exposure to higher concentrations is permissible
German Institute for Environmental Hygiene and for limited periods. Refer to NFPA 2001, 2000 edition
Medicine (Approved) Section 1-6 "Safety," for exposure requirements. As with
halons, the US EPA and the National Fire Protection
Macron Safety Systems Manufactured Association (NFPA) recommend that unnecessary ex-
posure to any agent be avoided and that personnel
Systems evacuate protected areas as quickly as possible to avoid
Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL Listed) the decomposition products of the fire.
Loss Prevention Council Board (Listed) FM-200 can decompose at high temperatures to form
halogen acids. If so, their presence is readily detected as
Factory Mutual (Listed) a sharp, pungent odour long before hazardous maximum
Macron Safety Systems manufacture in strict accord- exposure levels are reached. Fire toxicity studies con-
ance with the internationally recognised Quality assur- clude that generally decomposition products from the
ance Standard, BS EN ISO 9000 and approved to ISO fire itself, especially carbon monoxide, smoke, heat, and
9001. oxygen depletion, create a greater hazard.
Macron Safety Systems FM-200 Extinguishing System The noise created by the FM-200 agent discharg-
Units are to be designed, installed, inspected, main- ing can be loud enough to startle people in the vicinity,
tained, tested and recharged by qualified, trained per- but is unlikely to cause any permanent injury. Turbu-
sonnel in accordance with The Standard on Clean Agent lence caused by the high velocity discharge can dis-
Fire Extinguishing Systems, NFPA2001, 2000 edition and lodge substantial objects directly in its path, and cause
to be used in accordance with Environmental Protection enough general turbulence within the protected area to
Agency (EPA) Significant New Alternatives Program move paper and light objects.
(SNAP). Where determined to be appropriate by the Direct contact with the vaporising liquid discharged
authority having jurisdiction, applicable BS Standards from an FM-200 nozzle has a chilling effect on objects
may additionally be utilized to specific system require- and in extreme cases can cause frostbite to the skin. The
ments for these purposes. liquid phase vaporises rapidly when mixed with air and
therefore limits the risk to the immediate vicinity of the
nozzle. Minor reduction in visibility may occur for a brief
Health and Safety period due to the condensation of water vapour.
A properly designed and installed extinguishing system WARNING

should not present any significant health or safety prob-
lems, however, there are basic precautions to be taken to The discharge of clean agent systems to extinguish
a fire can result in a potential hazard to personnel
avoid accidents, and aspects of the system operation
from the natural form of the clean agent or from the
that should be understood. End-users often require re- products of combustion that results from exposure
assurance regarding the safety of personnel, and this of the agent to the fire or hot surfaces. Unnecessary
can only be given if a thorough understanding of the exposure of personnel either to the natural agent or
properties of the agent and its effects in different situa- to the products of decomposition shall be avoided.
tions are known. Current best practice should be ob-
6 FM-200 Installation Guide
SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION H Y GO O D
HMIS: 2-0-0/heptafloropropane/contents under The present understanding of the functioning of FM-

pressure. 0-0-0/nitrogen expellant gas/very cold, con- 200 is that 80% of its fire fighting effectiveness is
tents under pressure. Consult Great Lakes Chemicals achieved through heat absorption and 20% through di-
(Europe) Ltd., Groat Avenue, Aycliffe Industrial Estate, rect chemical means (action of the fluorine radical on the
Newton Aycliffe, Co Durham, DL5 6HA. Emergency chain reaction of a flame). Complete suppression using
phone number UK- 01325 300000 / USA -001 800-949- FM-200 has the following advantages:
5167.
First Aid
The low concentration of FM-200 required means
Skin Maintain at body temperature, thaw less visual obscurity and minimal risk to personnel.
affected area with gentle heat. If frost-
bite occurs seek medical attention. Do The small quantity of agent discharged minimises
not rub affected area. over-pressurisation of the protected area.
Eyes Apply gentle heat, Do not allow patient Maximum safety for personnel due to low toxicity.
to touch affected area. Most effective when used with automatic detection
to introduce FM-200 rapidly.
FM-200 Agent Characteristics
The ability to prevent re-ignition as long as con-
FM-200 (HFC-227ea) is a clean, gaseous agent concentration levels are maintained.
taining no particles or oily residues. It is produced un-
der ISO 9002 guidelines to strict manufacturing specifi-
cations ensuring product purity. FM-200 leaves no resi- FM-200 is stored as a liquified compressed gas and is
due or oily deposits on delicate electronic equipment, discharged into the protected area as a vapour. It is stored
and can be removed from the protected space by venti- in approved DOT(HSE)4BW500 or DOT(HSE)4BW450
lation. containers and is super-pressurised with dry nitrogen
FM-200 is thermally and chemically stable, but with- to 25 Bar @ 210 C (360 PSI @ 70 0F).
out the extremely long atmospheric lifetimes associated
with other proposed halon replacements. The atmos-
pheric lifetime of FM-200 has been determined to be
36.5 years (Reference GLCC). The US EPA SNAP does not
consider FM-200 to be a long lived substance when WARNING
discharged, and as such has placed no restrictions on
its use. (Environmental Protection Agency's Significant
New Alternatives Program).
FM-200 shall not be used on fires involving the follow-
Typical areas that can be protected by an FM-200 ing materials unless they have been tested to the satis-
system are detailed below; the list is by no means ex- faction of the authority having jurisdiction:
haustive:
Certain chemicals or mixtures of chemicals, such as
cellulose nitrate and gunpowder, that are capable of rapid
Bank Vaults oxidation in the absence of air.
Libraries
Rare Book Stores Reactive metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium,
Electronic Data Processing magnesium, titanium, zirconium, uranium and plutonium.
Telephone Exchanges
Studios Metal hydrides.
Communication Centres
Transformer and Switchrooms Chemicals capable of undergoing autothermal decom-
Control Rooms position, such as certain organic peroxidase and
Test Laboratories hydrazine.
Flammable Liquid Stores

H Y GO O D SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION
Agent Physical Properties
Table 1.
Agent Physical Properties HFC-227ea
Chemical structure CF3CHFCF3

Chemical name Heptafluoropropane
Molecular weight 170.03
Boiling point -16.40C (1.9oF)
Freezing point -131.10C (-204 oF)
Critical temperature 101.70C (214 oF)
Critical pressure 2912 kPa (422 psi)
Critical volume 274 cc/mole
(.0258cu Ft./lb.)
Critical density 621 kg/m3 (38.76 lb./Ft3)
Saturated vapour density 31.18 kg/m3 (1.95 lb./ft3)
@ 20 oC (68 oF)
(Reference: NFPA 2001, 2000 edition)
Table 2.
Agent Physical
Properties
Chemical structure N2
Chemical name Nitrogen
Molecular weight 28.0
Boiling point -195.8 0 C (-320.4 o F)
Freezing point -210.0 0 C (-346 o F)
Critical temperature -146.9 0 C (-232.4 o F)
Critical pressure 3399 kPa (492.9 psi)
Table 3: Toxicology/Environmental
(Reference: Great Lakes Chemical Corporation)

SECTION 2 - SYSTEM COMPONENTS HYGOOD
System Components FM-200 Container

This section describes the individual components that The agent storage vessel consists of a container fitted
comprise a complete system. Some items are optional with a valve and internal syphon tube, factory filled with
depending on the application, and are indicated as such. FM-200, and super-pressurised with dry nitrogen to 25
bar @ 210C(360 psi @ 700F). Containers sharing the same
manifold shall be equal in size and fill density. Contain-
Figure 1 - FM-200 Container
ers are finished in Ansul red 428217 and are available in
various sizes ( Figure 1). A nameplate is adhered to the
container displaying the agent weight, tare weight, gross
Technical Information weight, fill density and charge date.
Manufactured in accordance with DOT(HSE)4BW500

or 4BW450.
Dust Cap
Safety Cap & Chain
Material
Carbon % 0.220% max
Manganese % 1.250% max
Phosphorus % 0.045% max
Sulphur % 0.050% max
4BW500
Hydraulic test pressure: 68.95 bar (1000 psi)
Working Pressure: 34.47 bar (500 psi)
4BW450
Hydraulic test pressure: 62.1 bar (900 psi)
Working Pressure: 31.0 bar (450 psi)
Paint Specification: Ansul Red 428217
Table 4: Container Details.
Dimension A
Part Nom. Volume Outlet Size (nominal) Diameter Empty Weight
No. Kg (Lbs.) mm (In) mm (In) mm (In) kg (Ibs)
9180 (8 litre) 4.5 to 8.0 (10 to 18) 25 (1") 304 (12.") 254 (10") 14.8 (32.6")
9190 (16 litre) 9.0 to 17.5 (20 to 39) 25 (1") 502 (19.8") 254 (10") 18.4 (40.6")
9200 (32 litre) 17.0 to 33.5 (38 to 74) 25 (1") 833 (32.8") 254 (10") 26.1 (57.5")
9210 (52 litre) 27.0 to 53.0 (59 to 117) 50 (2") 596 (23.5") 406 (16") 49.1 (108.3")
9220 (106 litre) 53.5 to 106.5 (118 to 235) 50 (2") 1021 (40.2") 406 (16") 71.8 (158.3")
9230 (147 litre) 74.0 to 147.5 (163 to 325) 50 (2") 1354 (53.3") 406 (16") 89.9 (198.2")
9240 (180 litre) 91.5 to 182.0 (201 to 401) 50 (2") 1634 (64.3") 406 (16") 105.8 (233.2")

HYGOOD SECTION 2 - SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Container Label
The container label details the weight of FM-200 con- Technical Information
tained, empty weight, fill density and charge date. Once
the label is applied to the container surface, and to avoid Material: Melinex 505 Clear Rigid
possible tampering it can not be removed intact Gloss Polyester
Thickness: 0.125mm
Dimensions: 150mm x 210mm (Pt. No.4295)
45mm x 250mm (Pt. No. 4285)
Figure 2 - Container Labels Adhesive: 3M 467MP

Fixing Brackets Figure 4 - Valve Assembly
The bracket assembly consists of a nut and bolt, two

bracket straps and one back channel. To securely hold
the container in position during the system discharge,
two bracket assemblies are required per container.
Each strap is notched for insertion into the back chan-

nel allowing the container to be properly aligned. The
bracket assembly is designed to be mounted to a rigid
surface with the container assembly resting on the floor.
Figure 3 - Fixing Bracket
25mm Valve Assembly Part No. 6410

50mm Valve Assembly Part No. 6430
Technical Information
Material: Brass CZ 121

Body Proof Pressure: 150 bar
Outlet Adaptor: 1" BSP, 2"BSP
Low Pressure Port: 1/8" NPT
Part No. Cont.size Dim.A Gauge Port: 1/8" NPT
mm (in) Pilot Pressure Port: 1/4" BSPP
Solenoid Adaptor Port: 1/8" NPT
9011 8-32 Ltr 400 (15.75")
254mm dia. (10in)
Principle of Operation
9012 52-180 600 (23.6")
406mm dia. (16in) The Macron FM-200 valve is a high-flow-rate device
specially designed for fire protection use. Operation is
Valve Assembly by means of a pressure-differential piston. Container
pressure is used within the valve to create a positive
The Macron designed and manufactured container force on the piston, sealing the valve closed. Operation
valve is the result of extensive research and develop- of the valve occurs when the upper chamber is vented
ment and incorporates many unique safety features. faster than the 'make up device' in the shuttle can re-
The valve assembly is factory-fitted to the container place the pressure. Thereby allowing, the shuttle to be
and is supplied pre-assembled with a low pressure forced up, and free flow of FM-200 from the valve. Up-
switch, pressure gauge and burst disc. per chamber pressure is released by the electrical, me-
chanical or pneumatic actuator.

The valve incorporates the following features: Figure 6 - Low Pressure Switch (Part No. 94180)
A safety release device (burst disc).

Main outlet, fitted with safety shipping cap.
A connection for a pneumatic or mechanical
actuator, fitted with safety cap.
A connection for an electrical solenoid.
A connection for the pneumatic pilot signal
output used for multiple container operation.
Burst Disc
A burst disc is factory fitted to every valve assembly. It
is designed to rupture when the container becomes over Body: Hermetically sealed
pressurised when subjected to temperatures above the Stainless Steel
designed storage temperature of the container. Switch point: 17 bar falling
Switch Type: Closed above 17 bar
Proof pressure: 345 bar
Figure 5 - Burst Disc (Part No. 94080/94085) Connection: Brass 1/8" NPT
Max. Current: Max 2.9A
Voltage Range: 5-28 vdc
Manual Actuator
The manual actuator is a simple strike knob assem-
bly which is fitted to the top of the valve assembly or
solenoid actuator. Inadvertent operation is prevented
by a pin which has to be removed before activation.
Figure 7 - Manual Actuator (Part No. 2880)
Body: Brass CZ 121

Rating: 50 bar
25mm Valve Plug Thread: M14 x 1.25
50mm Valve Plug Thread: M18 x 1.0 6g
Hole Orientation: 90o to Body
M14 Torque: 18 Nm
M18 Torque: 20 Nm
Low Pressure Switch

A low pressure warning switch is fitted to every con-
tainer and must be utilised to safeguard the warranty
requirements. The device continuously monitors the
Body: Brass CZ 121
container pressure and in the event of the pressure drop- Knob: Nylon
ping below 17 bar the switch operates to enable the Safety Pin: Zinc Plated Mild Steel
condition to be signalled to a control unit. Actuation Pin: Stainless Steel
Min Actuation Force: 25.5N

Removable Electrical Actuator

Pneumatic Actuator
The removable electrical actuator is also similar to the
The pneumatic actuator is an assembly similar to the
manual actuator and locates to the top of the container
manual actuator but without the strike knob. Pressure
valve. 24v dc is required for solenoid operation. Provi-
from a master container or other sources is used to
sion is made for the connection of a manual strike Knob
actuate the valve, via small bore piping or, preferably,
to the top of the actuator assembly.
a flexible hose.
Figure 9 - Electrical Actuator (Part No. 9490)

Figure 8 - Pneumatic Actuator (Part No. 2900)
Body: Mild Steel & Dull Nickel

Swivel nut: Brass CZ121
Actuation Pin: Stainless Steel
Actuation Type: Latching
Rest Requirement: Manual Force Required
Connection: 1" BSPP
Technical Information Power requirement: 24vdc
Current: 0.2A
Body: Brass CZ121 Manual Actuation Force: 5 kgf
Actuation Pin: Stainless Steel Electrical connection: 3-pin plug connector
Pipe connection: 1/4" BSPP Female Diode Type: Suppression
Min. Actuation Pressure: 2 bar Temperature Range: -20oC to +55oC
Life Span: 10 years from manufacture
Testing: 100% Check on start /
Finish position
Approval: Underwriters Laboratories
Recognised to UL508
Tested in accordance with
UL864

Flameproof Electrical Actuator Flexible Discharge Hose

The Flameproof solenoid actuator differs from other Multiple FM-200 container installations are connected
actuators in that it is side mounted. It can be located to the system by means of a flexible discharge hose.
directly on the side of the valve or via a solenoid adap- This enables containers to be disconnected for mainte-
tor. The adaptor enables the actuator to be removed nance or recharge without dismantling other container
safely without actuation of the container valve. It is mountings, manifold connections and pipework etc.
designed to be used in flammable atmospheres (Zones
The flexible discharge hose is connected to each mani-
1 & 2, Enclosure groups IIA and IIB, Temperature Class
fold valve outlet. A swivel fitting at the inlet of the
T4). It is operated by a 24v dc input signal.
hose enables the container to be readily coupled to the
distribution system. The 32mm discharge hose requires
Figure 10 - F/P Electrical Actuator (Part No 95530) the addition of a brass adapter (Part No. 6412) between
the valve outlet and the swivel fitting at the inlet of the
hose.
Figure 11 - Flexible Discharge Hose
Part No. Size

(mm)
4120 32
Body: Epoxy Coated Diecast 6540 50
Aluminium
Power Requirement: 24v dc Construction: Twin steel wire braided
Power Consumption: 11.2 watts Oil resistant
Conduit Thread: 20mm Seamless synthetic rubber
Pressure Connection: 1/4" BSPP Female core to DIN 20022.
Pressure Range: 0 - 35 bar
Certification: BASEEFA Connection: Zinc Passivated Mild Steel
Max. Ambient Temp: 25oC Max Bend Angle: 15o @ 0oC
Note: Electrical actuator complete with side Note: 32mm discharge hose complete with adapter
solenoid adapter part number 9535. part number 4125.

Manifold
Manifolds are fabricated sections of steel pipework. directional valves to provide protection for multiple risk
They enable multiple containers to be connected to a areas and in situations where main / reserve container
common pipe network. They can be used in conjunc- arrangements are required.
tion with
Figure 12 - Typical Manifold
Material: BS 3601 Schedule 80

Inlet: Hygood check valve flange connection
Outlet: BSP Taper / Flanged- Class 300 ANSI
or BS 1560
Test Press. 90 bar
Finish: Primed, Ready to paint on site.
Note: Assembly includes 32 / 50mm check

valves.
Table 5: Manifolds BSP Taper Outlet.
Part Size Dim. A Dim. B Part Size Dim. A Dim. B

No. mm mm mm No. (mm) (mm) (mm)
9335 2 port 65 (2.5") 150 (6") 350 (14") 9357 5 port 100 (4") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9336 3 port 65 (2.5") 150 (6") 350 (14") 9358 6 port 100 (4") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9337 4 port 65 (2.5") 150 (6") 350 (14") 9312 3 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9352 2 port 80 (3") 150 (6") 508 (20") 9313 4 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9353 3 port 80 (3") 150 (6") 508 (20") 9314 5 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9345 4 port 80 (3") 150 (6") 508 (20") 9315 6 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9346 5 port 80 (3") 150 (6") 508 (20") 9316 7 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9355 2 port 100 (4") 150 (6") 508 (20") 9317 8 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9356 3 port 100 (4") 150 (6") 508 (20") 9318 9 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9354 4 port 100 (4") 150 (6") 508 (20") 9319 10 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")

Table 5a: Manifolds Flanged.
Part Size Dim. A Dim. B P a rt S ize Dim . A Dim . B

No. mm mm mm No. (m m ) (m m ) (m m )
7020 2 port 80 (3") 150 (6") 350 (14") 6900 2 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
7030 3 port 80 (3") 150 (6") 350 (14") 6910 3 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
7040 4 port 80 (3") 150 (6") 350 (14") 9620 4 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
7160 5 port 80 (3") 150 (6") 508 (20") 7080 5 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
6960 2 port 100 (4") 150 (6") 508 (20") 7090 6 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
6970 3 port 100 (4") 150 (6") 508 (20") 7100 7 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
6980 4 port 100 (4") 150 (6") 508 (20") 7110 8 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
7140 5 port 100 (4") 150 (6") 508 (20") 7120 9 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
7150 6 port 100 (4") 150 (6") 508 (20") 7130 10 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
Manifold Bracket Assembly

A manifold bracket assembly consists of two lengths of held in position using a uninut long spring, washer and
unirax, mounted vertically on a wall or bulk head to hex head screw. Manifold brackets slot into the canti-
enable height adjustment of the manifold assembly. lever and are clamped using a hex head screw and plain
Cantilever brackets are located over the unirax and each nut.
are
Figure 13 - Manifold Bracket Assembly
65mm Manifold Bracket Part No. 30460


Manifold Check Valve Directional Valve

Manifold check valves are of mushroom pattern type The directional valve assembly consists of a normally
and lift into the manifold as discharge occurs. The func- closed ball valve. Pneumatic pressure applied from ei-
tion of the check valve is to prevent loss of extinguish- ther the container assembly or a remote source through
ing agent during discharge from an outlet, should a the solenoid valve together with a constant 24v dc
container have been removed. All check valves are sup- supply will open the ball valve.
plied ready fitted to the manifold assembly.
The directional valve is installed directly into the agent
pipe network.
Figure 15 - Directional Valve

Figure 14 - Manifold Check Valve
32mm Check Valve Assy. Part No. 4090 Ite m P art N o .
50mm Check Valve Assy. Part No. 6550 10m m D irec tional V alve A s s y . 9980
15m m D irec tional V alve A s s y . 9991
Technical Information Technical Information
Body: Brass CZ122 Ball Valve Orientation: Normally Closed

Stem: Stainless Steel Pressure Regulator Setting: 10 bar
Spring: Stainless Steel Actuation Voltage: 24v dc constant
Pressure Connection: 1/4" BSPP Male

In Line Check Valve Manifold Burst Disc

Check valves are used in the actuation lines of some The installation of a manifold burst disc is necessary if
types of pneumatically operated systems. Correct place- the system requires the use of directional valves. The
ment would be shown on the installation drawing fur- manifold burst disc is installed in parallel with a manual
nished for the system. bypass which vents to atmosphere within the closed
section of pipe between the directional valve and mani-
In directional valve systems, they are used to direct the
fold.
flow of actuation pressure to the required points in the
system.
Figure 17 - Manifold Burst Disc (Part No. 2790)
Figure 16 - In Line Check Valve (Part No. 91175)
Body: Brass CZ121 Body: Brass CZ121

Connections: 1/4" BSPP Female Connection: 1/2" BSPT Male
Inlet Port Ref No: Arrow Indicates Flow Rating: 50 bar
Direction

Flexible Pilot Hose Male Adaptor

The flexible pilot hose is used to connect pressure acti- This adaptor is used to connect the pilot hose to the
vated devices to the system, e.g. slave container, pres- container valve assembly.
sure switch, etc.
Figure 19 - Male Adaptor (Part No. 91105)
Figure 18 - Flexible hose
710mm Flexible Hose Part No. 6490

320mm Flexible Hose Part No. 6491
Material: Brass
Connection: 1/4"BSPT x 1/4" BSPP
Note: Also available hose to hose adapter Part

Number 91117.
Outer sheath: Stainless Steel Braided

Inner sheath: PTFE to BS 4976
Max. Working Pressure: 190 bar
Min. Burst Pressure: 759 bar
MIn. Bend Radius: 60mm @ 0oC
Connections: 1/4" BSP swivel female

Male Tee Pressure Switch

This is used primarily in manifold systems for connect- The pressure switch is activated by pressure from the
ing pilot lines from one slave container to the next. agent during discharge and can be used to signal to a
control panel that the system has actually discharged.
Figure 20 - Male Tee (Part No. 91109) The pressure switch incorporates a reset button which
has to be depressed following a discharge.
Figure 22 - Pressure Switch (Part No. 99210)
Material: Brass
Connection: 1/4" BSPP x 1/4" BSPT
Male Elbow
This elbow can be used on the last slave container when
the pressure switch connection is taken from the mani-
fold or piping networks.
Figure 21 - Male Elbow (Part No. 91101)
Housing: Polyester Coated Zinc Diecast

Body: Brass CZ122
Fixing Bracket: Zinc Passivated Mild Steel
Switch Point 2.1 bar
Technical Information Connection: 1/4" BSPP Male
Proof Pressure: 68.9 bar
Material: Brass Max Current: 5A
Connection: 1/4" BSPT x 1/4" BSPP Max Voltage: 240 v AC

Discharge Nozzle Manifold Vent Valve

FM-200 is distributed within the protected area by the The manifold vent valve is installed in parallel with the
discharge nozzle which is sized to ensure the correct manifold inline burst disc and connected to the manifold
flow of agent for the risk. Nozzles are available with installation. The pipe work from the manifold vent valve
seven or eight ports to allow for 180o or 360o horizon- will vent gas that is accidentally discharged, into the
tal discharge patterns. Ports are drilled in 0.1mm in- manifold, to the nearest safe atmosphere when manually
crements to the specified system design. Aluminium opened.
nozzles are supplied as standard with Brass and Stain-
less Steel as optional. Figure 24 - Manifold Vent Valve (Part No.9911)
Figure 23 - 7 & 8 Port Nozzle Configuration
10mm Nozzle: Part No. 3380 /1/2

Body: Stainless Steel

Max Working Pressure: 250 bar
Connection: 3/8" BSPP
Material: Aluminium / Brass

St. Steel

Door Notice Manual Release Notice

A door notice is required at each entrance to the risk to A notice should be located at each manual release posi-
advise personnel that they are entering a protected tion.
area.
Figure 25 - Door Notice (Part No. 2675) Figure 26 - Manual Release Sign (Part No. 2659)
CAUTION!
Do NOT enter unless

extinguishing system
is locked off FM200
RELEASE
W hen alarm sounds MANUAL

CONTROL
FM 200 evacuate hazard area POINT
After system discharge

do NOT re-enter until
thoroughly ventilated.
FM200
M A CR O N S A FE T Y S Y S T E M S (U K) LIM IT E D W O O D LA N D S R O A D
G U LID FO R D , S U R R E Y , G U 1 1R N
T E L 01483 572222 FA X 01483 302180
CAUTION
ENSURE ALL
PERSONEL ARE
EVACUATED
BEFORE
RELEASING
EXTINGUISHANT
FM200
for areas protected by concentrations greater than
NOAEL
CAUTION!
This area is protected by

a FM 200 fire
extinguishing system
When alarm sounds

FM200 or upon gas discharge
evacuate hazard area
After system discharge

do NOT re-enter until
thoroughly ventilated.
MACRON SAFETY SYSTEMS (UK) LIMITED, WOODLANDS ROAD
GULIDFORD, SURREY, GU1 1RN
TEL 01483 572222 FAX 01483 302180
for areas protected by concentrations less than

NOAEL (Part No. 2676)
Material 0.08 inch Craylon Material 0.08 inch Craylon

Finish Gloss, scratch resistant Finish Gloss, scratch resistant

Typical Manifold System

Figure 27 indicates a typical two container system com- sure switch, 2 x low pressure switch, flexible connec-
plete with electrical actuation, manual strike knob, pres- tions, distribution pipework and nozzles.
Figure 27 - Typical Manifold System

HYGOOD SECTION 3 - SYSTEM DESIGN
System Design
There are two main elements of system design. The first Rugged environments, and those requiring intrinsi-
is the risk assessment; determining the type of protec- cally safe or flameproof equipment, require special con-
tion required, considerations such as ventilation, open- sideration and should be discussed fully with Macron
ings and restrictions; equipment location. etc. The sec- Safety Systems before finalising a system design. FM-
ond is calculating the quantity of FM-200 required, 200 is suitable for use with the following materials:
including floor and/or ceiling voids, positioning of noz-
zles, electrical requirements, etc.
A Site Survey / Request form is a useful tool to aide- Class A Fires involving solid materials usually of
memory for addressing the relevant factors, and can be an organic nature, in which combustion
used subsequently to substantiate the design criteria. normally takes place with the formation
This can be found in Appendix A. All systems are de- of glowing embers.
signed in accordance with the BFPSA Code of Practise Class B Fires involving flammable liquids or
for Gaseous Fire Fighting Systems, the appropriate Brit- liquefiable solids and flammable gases.
ish Standards, currently BS5306 section 5.1. and NFPA
2001. Class C Fires involving energized electrical equip-
ment where the electrical nonconductivity
of the extinguishing media is of importance
Hazard Analysis
The first, and one of the most important, exercises in
planning an FM-200 extinguishing system is the haz-
ard survey. The information derived from the survey
Note. Certain materials in this group may
should include risk assessment, environmental condi-
require increased concentrations to achieve
tions, personnel considerations, system operation both
satisfactory extinguishment. Consult Macron
in normal conditions and after a discharge, access and
for details of specific risk.
construction limitations, dimensions, volumes, and any
special requirements.
FM-200 systems are suitable for use in normal com-
mercial and industrial environments. The design con-
centration for Class A & C fires is 7.5% but differs for
Caution. FM-200 is not effective on the following: -
Class B fires. To determine other recommended design
concentrations for Class B flammable liquids, consult Class A Deep seated fires.
Macron Safety Systems Limited as well as referring to
NFPA 2001, 2000 edition, paragraph 3-4.2 and UL -2166, Class D Combustible metals.
first edition, paragraph 61.2(b). However the minimum Chemicals capable of auto-thermal recomposition.
design concentration for flammable liquids is 9%. All
design concentration calculations are based on extin- Chemicals capable of rapid oxidation.
guishing concentrations plus an additional 20% safety
Enclosures with hot surfaces (>400oC) (752oF)
factor for Class A & C and 30% safety factor for Class
B, and manually actuated only systems, plus an addi-
tional 3% safety factor for nozzle performance (commer-
cial grade Heptane excluded).
All system design calculations are calculated at mini-
mum design concentration to determine agent quantity.
Maximum design concentration should be at the maxi-
mum anticipated enclosure temperature, for comparison
see NOAEL / LOAEL values.
See table 3 or Refer to NFPA 2001, 2000 edition.

SECTION 3 - SYSTEM DESIGN HYGOOD
Hazard Structure
Air conditioning and/or forced ventilation can affect the
The protected enclosure shall be bounded by rigid ele- system performance and the quantity of agent required.
ments of building constrution. The ceiling should be
(i) Self-contained air conditioning unit
not less than 0.3m (1.ft) above the hazard. The rigid
elements should have a fire resistance of not less than A self-contained unit conditions the air within the en-
30 min when tested in accordance with BS476: Part 20, closure and does not rely on a fresh air supply, or draw
Part 21, Part 22 or Part 23 as appropriate. air from other parts of the building.
During agent discharge, the hazard enclosure will If the hazard has a self-contained unit and it is lo-
experience a pressure change. The hazard structure must cated within the area without an outside air supply, no
be capable of withstanding a pressure of 600 pa (0.201 additional agent is required. It is not necessary to shut
ftH20) developed during discharge. down the unit prior to a discharge as the mixing effect is
beneficial.
Hazard Volume
(ii) Central air conditioning unit
In total flooding applications the risk area must com-
prise an enclosed space with no significant openings so A central air conditioning unit relies on air from outside
that the design concentration can be achieved and main- and is often linked by ducts to other parts of the build-
tained. Generally, the calculation is based on an empty ing, therefore, prior to a discharge, the unit should be
area; the subsequent furniture and fittings having little shut down and/or dampers operated to close the ducts.
effect on the actual concentration. Similarly, large equip- Sufficient time must be allowed for the plant to stop, or
ment cabinets and control panels should not be consid- dampers to close, before discharge occurs.
ered in the calculation as it is assumed that the internal
Dampers should be installed in both supply and re-
area is required to be filled with agent.
turn air ducts, as close as possible to the area. The duct
Each enclosed space is considered as a risk area and volume between the hazard and the damper must be
requires at least one nozzle. A floor void, ceiling void, added to the overall volume.
cable duct, etc., is treated as a separate adjacent area
and requires simultaneous discharge to occur. Hazard Temperature
Ceiling obstructions such as beams that are less than Determine as accurately as possible the anticipated mini-
300mm (12") below the slab need not be considered. mum and maximum temperatures likely to be experienced
Obstructions greater than 300mm (12") can affect the within the protected area. Minimum agent quantity re-
distribution of agent and may require additional nozzles. quirements are based on minimum hazard. At maximum
Consult Macron Safety Systems if in doubt. Please note temperature, hazard concentration must not exceed the
that floor voids cannot be protected separately from the NOAEL/LOAEL values for normally occupied spaces,
associated room. reference NFPA 2001, Section 1-6 "Safety."
To determine the volume refer to the site drawings, Once assembled , filled and pressurised the FM-200
ensuring that the scale is accurate and that heights are extinguishing system should not be exposed to tem-
denoted, or make a sketch of the area adding dimen- peratures other than the storage / operating temperature
sions and any relevant details. Calculate the volume of range of 0 to 500C. (32oF to 120oF). This also includes
each area. while being in storage or transported.
Ventilation Hazard Fuels

If the hazard enclosure has no means of adequate vent- All fuels in the hazard must be identified and the corre-
ing after discharge, consideration should be given to sponding agent concentration requirements. The design
installing a normally closed means of ventilation with concentration (percent by volume) required for the haz-
extraction arrangements which will discharge directly to ard will be the highest concentration required by any
open air. one of the fuels present in the hazard.

Personnel Safety
Natural Agent: To avoid possible injury, avoid any expo- 1. All containers connected to the same manifold
sure to FM-200 in volume concentrations greater than or pipe must be the same size and filled with the
9% unless using self contained breathing apparatus. same agent weight, pressure and fill density.
Limit exposure times as in NFPA 2001, Section 1-6
"Safety." 2. Agent containers must be located in a single
row and spaced according to section.
Symptoms of overexposure to concentrations greater 3. A connected reserve may be employed in some

than 10.5% may include dizziness, impaired coordina- circumstances providing a secondary supply of
tion, reduced mental acuity, cardiac effects or uncon- agent.
sciousness. In the event of overexposure, remove to
fresh air immediately and summon medical assistance. 4. Flexible discharge hoses and check valves must
be used at each inlet.
Frostbite: Direct skin contact with FM-200 in the
immediate area of discharge may cause frostbite.
Agent Distribution
Distribution piping will be installed only with approved
Agent Quantities
piping as indicated in Section 5.
Normally the agent quantity is the weight required to
Pipe size reductions may be made by using reducing
produce the desired concentration at the lowest tem-
tees or reducing bushings or reducing couplings.
perature within the hazard enclosure.
Agent Storage
FM-200 is stored as a liquified compressed gas in
appropriate containers to meet DOT4BW500 & 450 re-
quirements. Nitrogen in the container maintains a
superpressurisation of 25 bar at 21oC (360 psi at 70oF).
The chosen location should provide protection from
severe weather, mechanical, chemical, or other types of
damage. The ambient temperature of the storage area
must be between 0 oC to 49 oC (32 oF to 120 oF), the
optimum temperature being 21oC (70oF).
Hydraulic calculations are made at 21oC (70 oF). When
the storage temperature varies by + 5.5 oC (+ 10 oF) from
21oC (70 oF), there is a risk that the system will not sup-
ply the designed quantity of extinguishing agent.
Manifolds
It may be necessary to manifold agent containers to
provide the required amount of agent for a hazard, or to
make available the proper increments of agent weight
for the protection of multiple hazards.
Whenever containers are manifolded, the following rules

must be observed.

Agent Flow Characteristics

the remaining FM-200 nitrogen mixture as a vapour.
Nitrogen Superpressurisation This is due to flashing of the trailing edge of the fluid as
it moves from the tank to the nozzles. In some systems
Nitrogen is added to the FM-200 containers. This ad-
the transition period is relatively long; this can lead to
dition of nitrogen, known as superpressurisation, will
confusion as to when the discharge is complete, possi-
cause a portion of the nitrogen to mix with the FM-200,
bly resulting in an inaccurate measurement of the dis-
the remaining portion of the nitrogen will remain in the
charge time.
vapour space above the liquid providing the increased
propulsion necessary to discharge the FM-200 from
the container. Nozzle selection and location
Flow in Pipe The number of nozzles required is based on the hazard
size and configuration and the coverage provided by
In a properly designed distribution piping network the the nozzle. Nozzles are available in 7-port or 8-port ver-
flow of FM-200 will consist of a two phase mixture of sions to provide 180 or 360 degree discharge patterns
liquid and vapour. The properties of this mixture will respectively. When considering the optimum nozzle lo-
vary with its composition; therefore, when the mixture cation, the following factors should be taken into ac-
contacts the pipeline walls, the friction decreases the count.
density of the mixture resulting in a non-linear pressure
drop and an increase in flow velocity. Nozzle location is affected by the shape of the
hazard area.
Another consequence of two-phase flow is the poten-
The maximum discharge radius is 8.7m(28.6ft) for a
tial for separation of liquid and vapour. In a properly
360o nozzle and 10.05m(33ft) for a 180o nozzle.
designed pipe network, the velocity of the mixture will
be high enough to maintain highly turbulent flow. How- The maximum coverage area for either nozzle is
ever, if the pipeline diameter is too large for the design 95.3m2 (1026 ft2)
flow rate, the two phases may separate, leading to alter-
nate discharges of liquid and vapour (slugging) or lay- Nozzle orifices must not be placed where they may
ering of the two phases. Therefore, the pipeline must be discharge into nearby objects.
properly sized to keep the FM-200 flow turbulent
enough to prevent phase separation. Nozzles must be installed a maximum of 300mm(12")
below the ceiling.
Hydraulic calculations are made at 210C (70oF). Tempera-
tures other than 21oC (70oF) may result in variations in 4.87m(16 ft) maximum protection height for 360o and
system discharge characteristics. When the storage tem- 180o nozzle.
perature varies by + 5.5oC (+ 10oF) there is a risk that the
system will not supply the designed quantity of extin- 180 degree nozzles must be mounted adjacent to a
guishing agent. wall and must be located to cover the entire area.
300mm(12") minimum void height (i.e. Sub-floors &

Initial Vapour Discharge false ceilings).
At the instant the discharge valve is opened, rapid ex-
pansion of the agent will cool the piping network.
Maximum distance 180 degree nozzles should be
placed from a wall 300mm (12"), the minimum 50mm
(2"). Measured from centre of the nozzle to the wall.
Trailing Vapour Pressure
Nozzles located both above and below the con
Discharge time is defined as the average liquid discharge tainer outlet, Maximum distance between 9.1m (30
time through all nozzles in the system. After the liquid ft)
portion of the discharge has been completed, there will
be a short transition period followed by the delivery of Nozzles located either above or below the container
outlet, maximum distance between them 9.1m (30
ft)

Maximum Limits in Pipe Work.

Examples: Figure 28a -
If nozzles are only located above the

container outlet, then the maximum elevation difference
between the container outlet and the furthest horizontal
pipe run or discharge nozzle (whichever is furthest) shall
not exceed 9.1m (30 ft). See figure 28a. Figure 28b -
If nozzles are only located below the

container outlet, then the maximum elevation difference
between the container outlet and the furthest horizontal
pipe run or discharge nozzle (whichever is furthest) shall
not exceed 9.1m (30 ft). See Figure 28b.
Figure 28c -
If nozzles are located both above and

below the container outlet, then the maximum distance
Note: If a system design violates
between the furthest horizontal pipe runs, or discharge these limits, contact Macron Safety
nozzles (whichever is further) shall not exceed 9.1m (30 Systems to determine what action
ft). See figure 28c. has to be taken.

Figure 29 - Nozzle Discharge Radius System Design Procedure
The following procedure must be followed when design-
ing FM-200 systems.
Determine hazard material and required design
concentration.
8.7m
Identify individual enclosure volumes and deduct
any impermeable volumes where appropriate.
Determine hazard altitude and correction factor.
Calculate quantity of FM-200 per enclosure, at
minimum design temperature.
(28.6ft) Determine container size and fill density.
Select nozzle type and location.
Design pipe network.
Calculate quantity of FM-200 per nozzle.
10.05m Check percentage agent split at tee's.
Identify all pipe lengths, rises, falls and nozzle
reference numbers.
Note: The side tee splits shall be between 10-30%,
bull tee splits will be between 30-70%. All Tee out-
(33ft) lets must be in the same horizontal plane.
See examples figure 30 a-f.
Example: Nozzle Selection
Switch Room:
120.7m3 (4262.6ft3) 1 x 7 port nozzle
Computer Room:
543.3m3 (19237.1ft3) 4 x 8 port nozzles
Nozzle placement and piping arrangements for the exam-

ple are shown in Figure 30.

Example: Tee Split Designs
Figure 30a - Side Tee Split limits. Figure 30b - Bull Tee Split limits.
Figure 30c - Side tee orientation "correct" Figure 30d - Side tee orientation "incorrect"
Figure 30e - Bull tee orientation "correct" Figure 30f - Bull tee orientation "incorrect"
NOTE: Incorrect orientation of side and bull tee could result in separation of the FM200 from the Nitrogen (due to FM-200
greater density). The design would also be outside the parameters permitted by the calculation software. See figures 30d and 30f.

Design Example - Calculations

Minimum Agent Quantity is based on the hazard vol- When the minimum quantity of FM-200 has been cal-
ume at the minimum anticipated temperature and con- culated the weight is compared to the available agent
centration required. To determine the minimum agent container size. The container size must be equal to or
quantity the following equation is used: greater then the weight of agent (see Figure 1).
With the appropriate container selected, the previous
equation can be rearranged to determine the concentra-
W = (V/S)* (C/100-C) tion based on the actual weight as containers are filled
to the nearest kg.
W = Weight of Agent required (kgs)
V = Hazard Volume (m3) C= 100 WS

WS + V
S = Specific Vapour Volume (m3/kg)
S = 0.1269 + 0.0005131t
t = Design Temperature in Hazard Area (oc)

To calculate the required agent for each hazard volume
C = Required FM-200 Design Conc. (% by volume) at Design as a percentage of the total agent required;
Temperature (t).
% Hazard Agent = Individual hazard Volume

Example: Sum of hazard volumes
Calculation for two rooms with the following dimen-
sions:
Switch Room: 120.7/664 = 18.2% of Agent
Computer Room: 543.3/644= 81.8% of Agent
Switch Room: 6.9 x 7 x 2.5 = 120.7m3
Computer Room: 12 x 16 x 2.83 = 543.3m3
It is determined from the above that both the switch
Room and the Computer Room can be fed by one mani-
folded system using 3 x 180 Litre containers, each filled
t = 21o C (70oF) for calculation example
with 131kg of Agent.
Switch Room: (7.5% required design concentration

example only)
Actual agent to switch Room :
W= 120.7 X 7.5 = 71.3kgs 0.1812 x 3 x 131 = 71.2 kgs
0.1373 (100-7.5) Agent to Computer room :
Computer Room: (7.5% required design concentration 3 x 131 - 71.2 = 321.8 kgs
example only)
W= 543.3 X 7.5 = 320.9kgs

0.1373 (100-7.5)

The minimum enclosure concentrations can be calcu- After determining the minimum weight and concentra-
lated based on the actual container fill. tion, the maximum concentration can be determined by
(20oC minimum design temperature) recalculating the equation based on the maximum tem-
perature anticipated in each enclosure 250C maximum
design temperature. This calculation is required to de-
Switch Room: C = 100 x 71.2 x0.1372 = 7.49% termine if the maximum concentration is below the
(71.2 x 0.1372) + 120.7 NOAEL limit for normally occupied areas.
Computer Room: C = 100 x 321.8 x 0.1372 = 7.5% Switch Room: C = 100 x 71.2 x 0.1399 = 7.62%
(321.8 x 0.1372) + 543.3 (71.2 x 0.1372) + 120.7
Computer Room: C = 100 x 321.8 x 0.1399 = 7.65%

(321.8 x 0.1399) + 543.3
Figure 31 - Example Nozzle Location

Piping Practices
Due to the two phase flow of FM-200, certain piping
practices must be adhered to. Mainly that the flow split
must be on the horizontal plane. There are two types of
tee used in FM-200 systems, a through /side tee and a
bull tee. Both have limitations on the minimum and maxi-
mum allowable flow splits which are detailed in section
4, page 36.
It should also be noted that system designers shall al-
low a minimum of 10 times the nominal pipe diameter
around tee splits before any change of direction.
System designers should aim to design as far as possi-
ble balanced pipe networks, use minimum lengths of pipe,
use minimum numbers of elbows, maximize pipe volume
before the 1st tee and incorporate similar pipe run lengths
to nozzles.

HYGOOD SECTION 4 - FLOW CALCULATIONS
Introduction
Example:
In determining the quantity of FM-200 required for

Hazard Volume: 260m3
a particular application, it is important to assess the haz-
ard area correctly. The following information will need Room Temperature: 20oC
to be determined as discussed in Section 3.
Agent Concentration: 7.5%
Flooding Factor: 0.5905
1. Hazard Volume.
2. Minimum Room Temperature.
Quantity of FM-200 required: 0.5905 x 260 =153.5kgs
3. Hazard Type.
4. Height above sea-level.
Note: Specific Vapour Volume data shown in
Table 7 are experimentally derived values and
The Hazard volume can be determined by calculating the specific vapour volume equation (S) has
the room volume and deducting any impermeable vol- a correlation coefficient of 0.99. However the
umes that may be contained within the area. The antici- equation can be used to give a close approxi-
pated temperature of the Hazard area will normally be mation of required agent quantities.
advised by the client. The agent concentration is de-
pendant upon the type of hazard being protected, the
type of nozzle used and hazard altitude. The quantity of
FM-200 can be calculated by using the flooding fac-
tors (Table 6. imperial / 6a. metric) or by using the for-
mula (FM-200 Equation Calculations) and then multi-
plying by the altitude correction factor (table 7).
Table 6: FM-200 Weight Calculations

Imperial
Temp. Specific Weight Requirements of Hazard Volume, W/V (lb/ft3)

Vapour Design Concentration (% by Volume)
Volume 6 7 7.5 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
t s
(oF )c (ft3/lb)d
10 1.9264 0.0331 0.0391 0.0421 0.0451 0.0513 0.057 0.0642 0.0708 0.0776 0.0845 0.0916
20 1.9736 0.0323 0.0381 0.0411 0.0441 0.0501 0.0563 0.0626 0.0691 0.0757 0.0825 0.0894
30 2.0210 0.0316 0.0372 0.0401 0.0430 0.0489 0.0550 0.0612 0.0675 0.0739 0.0805 0.0873
40 2.0678 0.0309 0.0364 0.0329 0.0421 0.0478 0.0537 0.0598 0.0659 0.0723 0.0787 0.0853
50 2.1146 0.0302 0.0356 0.0384 0.0411 0.0468 0.0525 0.0584 0.0645 0.0707 0.0770 0.0835
60 2.1612 0.0295 0.0348 0.0375 0.0402 0.0458 0.0514 0.0572 0.0631 0.0691 0.0753 0.0817
70 2.2075 0.0289 0.0341 0.0367 0.0394 0.0448 0.0503 0.056 0.0618 0.0677 0.0737 0.0799
80 2.2538 0.0283 0.0334 0.0360 0.0386 0.0439 0.0493 0.0548 0.0605 0.0663 0.0722 0.0783
90 2.2994 0.0278 0.0327 0.0352 0.0378 0.0430 0.0483 0.0538 0.0593 0.0650 0.0708 0.0767
100 2.3452 0.0272 0.0321 0.0346 0.0371 0.0422 0.0474 0.0527 0.0581 0.0637 0.0694 0.0752
110 2.3912 0.0267 0.0315 0.0340 0.0364 0.0414 0.0465 0.0517 0.0570 0.0625 0.0681 0.0738
120 2.4366 0.0262 0.0309 0.0333 0.0357 0.0406 0.0456 0.0507 0.0560 0.0613 0.0668 0.0724
130 2.4820 0.0257 0.0303 0.0326 0.0350 0.0398 0.0448 0.0498 0.0549 0.0602 0.0656 0.0711
140 2.572 0.0253 0.0298 0.0321 0.0344 0.0391 0.0440 0.0489 0.0540 0.0591 0.0644 0.0698

SECTION 4 - FLOW CALCULATIONS HYGOOD
Table 6a: FM-200 Weight Calculations

Metric.
Temp Specific Weight Requirements of Hazard Volume, W/V (kg/m3)

Vapour Design Concentration (% per volume)
Volume
t s 6 7 7.5 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
(oC )c (m3/kg)d
-10 0.1215 0.5254 0.6196 0.6677 0.7158 0.8142 0.9147 1.0174 1.1225 1.2301 1.3401 1.4527
-5 0.1241 0.5142 0.6064 0.6534 0.7005 0.7987 0.8951 0.9957 1.0985 1.2038 1.3114 1.4216
0 0.1268 0.5034 0.5936 0.6397 0.6858 0.78 0.8763 0.9748 1.0755 1.1785 1.2839 1.3918
5 0.1294 0.4932 0.5816 0.6266 0.6719 0.7642 0.8586 0.955 1.0537 1.1546 1.2579 1.3636
10 0.132 0.4834 0.57 0.6142 0.6585 0.749 0.8414 0.936 1.0327 1.1316 1.2328 1.2264
15 0.1347 0.474 0.5589 0.6019 0.6457 0.7344 0.8251 0.9178 1.0126 1.1096 1.2089 1.3105
20 0.1373 0.465 0.5483 0.5905 0.6335 0.7205 0.8094 0.9004 0.9934 1.0886 1.1859 1.2856
25 0.1399 0.4564 0.5382 0.5799 0.6217 0.7071 0.7944 0.8837 0.975 1.0684 1.164 1.2618
30 0.1425 0.4481 0.5284 0.5694 0.6104 0.6943 0.78 0.8676 0.9573 1.049 1.1428 1.2388
35 0.145 0.4401 0.519 0.5593 0.5996 0.6819 0.7661 0.8522 0.9402 1.0303 1.1224 1.2168
40 0.1476 0.4324 0.5099 0.5495 0.5891 0.6701 0.7528 0.8374 0.9230 1.0124 1.1029 1.1956
45 0.1502 0.425 0.5012 0.5401 0.579 0.6586 0.7399 0.823 0.0908 0.995 1.084 1.1751
50 0.157 0.418 0.4929 0.5312 0.5694 0.6476 0.7276 0.8093 0.8929 0.9784 1.066 1.1555
55 0.1553 0.4111 0.4847 0.5223 0.56 0.6369 0.7156 0.796 0.8782 0.9623 1.0484 1.1365
Table 7: Altitude Correction Factor sure that vary more than 11 percent (equivalent to approxi-
mately 915m (3000 ft) of elevation change) from standard
A ltitu d e a b o v e sea - C o rr ectio n
sea level pressure 760 mm Hg at 0 oC (29.92 in Hg at 70 oF).
lev el F a cto r
ft
-3 0 0 0 (-0 .9 2 km ) 1 .1 1
-2 0 0 0 (-0 .6 1 km ) 1 .0 7
-1 0 0 0 (-0 .3 0 km ) 1 .0 4
FM-200 Equation Calculations
0 (0 .0 0 km ) 1 .0 0
1 0 0 0 (0 .3 0 km ) 0 .9 6
2 0 0 0 (0 .6 1 km ) 0 .9 3
The weight of agent required for a hazard area can also
3 0 0 0 (0 .9 1 km ) 0 .8 9
4 0 0 0 (1 .2 2 km ) 0 .8 6
be calculated from the formula shown below;
5 0 0 0 (1 .5 2 km ) 0 .8 2
6 0 0 0 (1 .8 3 km ) 0 .7 8
7 0 0 0 (2 .1 3 km ) 0 .7 5 W = (V/S) * (C/100-C)
8 0 0 0 (2 .4 5 km ) 0 .7 2
9 0 0 0 (2 .7 4 km ) 0 .6 9
1 0 0 0 0 (3 .0 5 km ) 0 .6 6
W = Weight of Agent required kg (lbs)
(BS5306: Part 5: Section 5.1 / NPFA2001 Table 3-6)
V = Hazard Volume m3 (ft3)
At elevations above sea-level, FM-200 has a greater spe-

S = Specific Vapour Volume cu.m/kg (ft3/lbs)
cific volume because of the reduced atmospheric pres-
sure. A system designed for sea-level conditions will there- where S = 0.1269 + 0.0005131 t ( oC)
fore develop an actual higher concentration at levels above
sea-level and an actual lower concentration at levels be- Or (S= 1.885 + 0.0046 t o F)
low sea-level. The adjusted agent quantity is calculated t = Design Temperature in Hazard Area oC (oF)
by multiplying W (from the equation on the left) by the
altitude correction factor. The design quantity of the clean C = Required FM-200 Design Conc. (% by volume) at
agent shall be adjusted to compensate for ambient pres- Design Temperature (t).

HYGOOD SECTION 4 - FLOW CALCULATIONS
Engineered Systems
Max. liquid arrival time imbalance of 1.0 seconds.
Macron Safety Systems Engineered systems are based Maximum liquid run out time of 2.0 seconds.
on a Hydraulic Flow Program developed by Hughes As- Maximum nozzle height is 4.87m (16.0ft)
sociates Inc. The program predicts the two phase flow of
FM-200 and nitrogen through a pipe network. Informa- Minimum of 10% agent in pipe before first tee.
tion detailing the enclosure is entered and the program
calculates the required pipe sizes, nozzle drill sizes, aver- Maximum of 20 nozzles per system.
age nozzle pressures and discharge time. For further infor- Maximum of 10 enclosures per system.
mation on the Flow Program, refer to the Hughes Hy-Flow
User's Manual. The ratio between the nozzle area and the pipe cross
sectional area immediately preceding the nozzle is
As system design calculations are critical to the suc- limited to a minimum of 0.20 (20%) and a maximum
cess of the extinguishing system, only Macron Safety of 0.80 (80%).
Systems or Macron Safety Systems trained personnel are
permitted to perform system calculations. If in the future, (For extended discharge consult Ma-
companies other than Macron Safety Systems wish to use cron Safety Systems Ltd.)
the program, representatives will be required to attend a
formal training session. All system calculations are con-
ducted either 'in house' by Macron Safety Systems or au-
thorised suppliers. Table 8 : Max. & Min. Flow Rates.
NOTE: The calculation method has been de-

signed for specific types of fittings, pipes, and
pipe inside diameter. When these limitations
are not maintained, there is a risk that the sys-
tem will not supply the required quantity of ex-
tinguishing agent.
Program Parameters
When designing pipe network systems, the following
design parameters should be considered to avoid system
reject when running the calculation.
4.87 bar (70.6 psi) minimum nozzle pressure.

80% maximum agent in pipe.
Between 6 - 10 seconds discharge time.
10 - 30 % side tee split.
30 -70 % bull tee split.
0.5 kg/L(31.2lbs/ft3) - 1.0 kg/L(62.4lbs/ft3) fill
density.

SECTION 4 - FLOW CALCULATIONS HYGOOD
Table 9 :Equivalent Length
D iam eter 90 Elbow m 45 Elbow m Thru Tee m Side T ee m U nion m

M m (in) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)
10 (3/8) 0.4 (1.2) 0.18 (0.5) 0.24 (0.7) 0.82 (2.5) 0.09 (0.3)
15 (1/2) 0.52 (1.6) 0.24 (0.7) 0.3 (0.9) 1.04 (3.2) 0.12 (0.4)
20 (3/4) 0.67 (2.0) 0.3 (0.9) 0.42 (1.3) 1.37 (4.2) 0.15 (0.5)
25 (1) 0.85 (2.6) 0.4 (1.2) 0.55 (1.7) 1.74 (5.3) 0.18 (0.6)
32 (1 ) 1.13 (3.4) 0.52 (1.6) 0.7 (2.1) 2.29 (7.0) 0.24 (0.7)
40 (1 ) 1.31 (4.0) 0.61 (1.7) 0.82 (2.5) 2.65 (8.0) 0.27 (0.8)
50 (2) 1.68 (5.1) 0.79 (2.4) 1.06 (3.2) 3.41 (10.4) 0.37 (1.1)
65 (2 ) 2.01 (6.1) 0.94 (1.5) 1.25 (3.8) 4.08 (12.4) 0.43 (1.3)
80 (3) 2.5 (7.6) 1.16 (3.5) 1.55 (4.7) 5.06 (15.4) 0.55 (1.7)
100 (4) 3.26 (10.0) 1.52 (4.6) 2.01 (6.1) 6.64 (20.2) 0.73 (2.2)
125 (5) 4.08 (12.4) 1.92 (5.9) 2.56(7.8) 8.35 (25.5) 0.91 (2.8)
150 (6) 4.94 (15.0) 2.32 (7.1) 3.08 (9.4) 10 (30.5) 1.07 (3.3)
E q uiva len t len g th tab le fo r p ip e fittin gs.

Figures based up on schedule 4 0 A S T M A 1 06-7 7 p ip e
(nom inal pip e size given in table).
Table 10 : Equivalent Length for other

system components.
Component Nominal Equivalent

pipe size length M (ft)
25 mm valve (1 in. valve) 25 mm (1 in.) 6.096 (20)
50 mm valve (2 in. valve) 50 mm (2 in.) 10.668 (35)
32 mm flex hose (1-1/4 in. flex hose) See note 1 See note 1
50 mm flex hose (2 in. flex hose) 50 mm (2 in.) 5.37 (17.6)
25 mm Check & Flex (1 in. Check & Flex) 25 mm (1 in.) 7.593 (24.91)
32 mm Check & Flex (1-1/4 in. Check & Flex) 32 mm (1.25 in.) 15.285 (50.15)
50 mm Check & Flex (2 in. Check & Flex) 50 mm (2 in.) 12.02 (39.429)
Figures based upon schedule 40 ASTM A 106-77 pipe

(nominal pipe size given in table).
Note 1 Flex hose consists of two segments.

The first segment has a diameter of 25 mm
(1 in.) with a total equivalent length of 0.14 m (0.5 ft).
The second segment has a diameter of 32 mm (1-1/4 in.)
with a total equivalent length of 10.74 m (35.2 ft).

H Y GO O D SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION
General Information
Installation drawings shall be submitted for approval to
All installation shall be carried out by an approved Ma- the appropriate authority prior to system installation.
cron Safety Systems contractor with the correct equip-
ment and previous experience of gaseous extinguishing On receipt, unpack the Macron Safety Systems sup-
systems. Macron Safety Systems can supply this serv- plied items and ensure that the components comply with
ice or provide a list of their factory trained installation the packing list and installation drawings.
contractors. Installation instructions are described un-
The container weight is checked at the factory prior
der the following main headings, and in the order of
to dispatch, and recorded on the label attached to the
installation.
container. If there is any doubt regarding the weight, or
leakage is suspected, the container should be weighed
to confirm there is no weight loss. Determine the con-
Container Installation tainer storage temperature and refer to the Temperature
Piping and Nozzles Correction Chart to check the pressure within the con-
tainer (see Appendix B).
Actuation Controls
Ancillary Equipment
Completion Procedures Container Installation
The container location is identified on the system draw-
Specific installation drawings must be prepared for ings and should be protected from extremes of tempera-
the hazard area in accordance with system design as ture, and be accessible for service and maintenance. The
calculated by the FM-200 Hydraulic Flow Program. These containers must be firmly secured to a wall or bulkhead.
drawings should be followed closely in order to ensure No Safety Outlet and Actuation Caps should be removed
the system meets its design criteria. The pipe network is at this stage.
sized in order to obtain correct discharge time, nozzle
pressures, agent quantity and various other design con- Figure 32 - Safety Outlet and Actuation Caps
siderations. If for any reason, the pipe network requires
modifications the system must be recalculated before 50mm(2") Safety Outlet Cap Part No. 94466
proceeding with installation. Installation drawings con- 25mm(1") Actuation Cap Part No. 91185
tain the following information; 25mm(1") Safety Outlet Cap Part No. 94463
Enclosure Volumes.
Agent Quantities. Actuation Cap
Scaled Pipe Network Plan.

Pipe Network Isometric.
Pipe Diameters, Pipe Length Drops & Rises.
Nozzle Data.
Container Data.
Solenoid Actuator Technical Data.
Low Pressure Switch Wiring Chart
Fittings Data.
Safety Outlet Cap

SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION H Y GO O D
Single Container Installation
1. Fix the back channels of the mounting brackets to Figure 33 - Container Strap Location
the wall at the appropriate heights (see table 11),
using suitable anchor type bolts (not supplied).
2. Position the container against the back channel

with the valve outlet pointing left.
3. Insert the container straps at top and bottom and

secure with the bolts provided (see Figure 33).
4. Remove the Safety Outlet cap from the valve

outlet adaptor (see Figure 32).
5. With the outlet cap removed from the valve outlet

adaptor, install a union coupling.
Caution. Do not over tighten the container

connection. Excessive tightening may cause the
valve outlet thread to be damaged and adversely
affect the system operation.
6. Remove the union and replace the Safety Outlet

Cap after the initial pipe run has been installed.
Table 11: Bracket Fixing Heights
Container No. of Height From Floor to Bracket

Size L Unirax mm (in)
Channels
8 liter : 4.5 to 8.0 kg 1 130 (5)
(10 to 18 lbs.)
16 liter : 9.0 to 17.5 kg 2 60, 330 (2.5, 13)
(20 to 39 lbs.)
32 liter : 17.0 to 33.5 kg 2 160, 595 (6.25, 23.5)
(38 to 74 lbs.)
52 liter : 27.0 to 53.0 kg 2 110, 343 (4.25, 13.5)
(59 to 117 lbs.)
106 liter : 53.5 to 106.5 kg 2 300, 750 (11.75, 29.5)
(118 to 235 lbs.)
147 liter : 74.0 to 147.5 kg 2 300, 1000 (11.75, 39.25)
(163 to 325 lbs.)
180 liter : 91.5 to 182.0 kg 2 300, 1200 (11.75, 47.25)
(201 to 401 lbs.)

Multiple Container Installation
Containers are manifolded together for three main rea- Manifold Bracket Installation
sons;
To reduce the amount of piping required by 1. Fix the two back vertical channels to the wall at the
connection to one feeder pipe. appropriate height using suitable anchor type bolts
(see table 12).
For systems that require main and reserve.
Back channels are used to ensure that the appropriate
Combining the correct containers to obtain the height adjustment is available when connecting the dis-
required quantity of agent within a specific haz- charge hose from the valve outlet to the manifold check
ard area. valve (see figure 34).
2. Locate and secure the cantilever brackets to each

A typical 80mm (3"), three port manifold assembly con-
channel using M10 x 40mm Hex Head screw and
sists of the manifold, three check valves and an end
uninut long spring 10mm.
cap. Each check valve is bolted to a flanged inlet on the
manifold (50mm (2") only) using four M8 x 20mm cap 3. Locate manifold brackets in cantilever channel and
head screws. unirax end caps.
1 Fix the back channels of the mounting brackets to 4. Remove outlet safety cap and attach discharge hose
the wall at the appropriate heights (see table 11), between valve and manifold. Adjust cantilever
using suitable anchor type bolts (not supplied). height as required and secure in position.
2 Position the containers against the back channels 5. For safety remove discharge hose and replace safety
with the valve outlets pointing left at the required caps, while pipework is installed.
spacing for the manifold ports (see Figure 12,
dimension B).
3 Insert the container straps at top and bottom and

secure with the bolts provided (see Figure 33).

Table 12: Manifold Bracket Fixing Heights

C o n ta in e r V a lv e M a n ifo ld N o m in a l H e ig h t fr o m F lo o r
S iz e (L ) S iz e (m m ) S iz e (m m ) to to p o f c a n tile v e r (m m )
8 25 6 5 (2 .5 ) 750
4 .5 to 8 .0 k g (1 ) (2 9 in .)
(1 0 to 1 8 lb )
16 25 65 949
9 .0 to 1 7 .5 k g (2 .5 ) (3 7 3 /8 in .)
(2 0 to 3 9 lb )
32 25 65 1289
1 7 .0 to 3 3 .5 k g (2 .5 ) (5 0 in .)
(3 8 to 7 4 lb )
52 50 80 1133
2 7 .0 to 5 3 .0 k g (2 ) (3 ) (4 4 5 /8 in .)
(5 9 to 1 1 7 lb )
106 50 80 1601
5 3 .5 to 1 0 6 .5 k g (3 ) (6 3 .0 )
(1 1 8 to 2 3 5 lb )
106 50 100 1601
(4 ) (6 3 in )
147 50 80 1931
7 4 .0 to 1 4 7 .5 k g (3 ) (7 6 in .)
(1 6 3 to 3 2 5 lb )
147 50 100 1931
(4 ) (7 6 in .)
147 50 150 1931
(6 ) (6 7 in .)
180 50 100 1931
9 1 .5 to 1 8 2 .0 k g (4 ) (7 6 in .)
(2 0 1 to 4 0 1 lb .)
180 50 150 2210
(6 ) (8 7 in )
Figure 34 - Manifold Assembly

Table 14: UK Fittings

Pipe Installation
In general, the installation should commence at the un-

ion elbow / manifold assembly and progress along to
the discharge nozzles. Install the Pipework to the instal-
lation drawings provided, ensuring that the following is
adhered to:
The piping material must conform to the

requirements of BS5306: Part 5 Section 5.1.
/ NFPA 2001 2-2
The pipe must be reamed, blown clear and

swabbed with an appropriate solvent to remove
mill varnish and cutting oil before assembly as
required by BS5306: Part 5 Section 5.1.
/ NFPA 2001 2-2.
PTFE tape is the only acceptable pipe sealant and

must be applied to the male threads. (Note: Only use Fittings from table 15 that comply with US
requirements specified in table 16. Do not use 90o sharp elbows/
tees for system installation)
Table 13: UK Steel Pipework

Requirements
1) Abbreviations:
BW butt welded / CD cold drawn / HFS hot finished seamless / CFS cold finished
seamless / S seamless
2) Where schedule numbers are given, these determine the minimum wall thickness in
accordance with BS1600. Where the specified pipe is not obtainable in these dimensions,
the next larger thickness should be used.

Table 15: US Steel Pipe Requirements

Pipe Reference Connection Pipe Type Nominal Pipe
Size
ASTM A-106 seamless Grade C Threaded Schedule 40 3/8 - 6 NPS
ASTM A-106/A-53 seamless Grade B Threaded Schedule 40 3/8 - 6 NPS
ASTM A-106/A-53 seamless Grade A Threaded Schedule 40 3/8 - 6 NPS
ASTM A-53 ERW Grade B Threaded Schedule 40 3/8 - 6 NPS
ASTM A-53 ERW Grade A Threaded Schedule 40 3/8 - 6 NPS
ASTM A-53 Furnace Weld Class F Threaded Schedule 40 3/8 - 6 NPS
ASTM A-106 seamless Grade C Welded Schedule 40 3/8 - 6 NPS
ASTM A-106/A-53 seamless Grade B Welded Schedule 40 3/8 - 6 NPS
ASTM A-106/A-53 seamless Grade A Welded Schedule 40 3/8 - 6 NPS
ASTM A-53 ERW Grade B Welded Schedule 40 3/8 - 6 NPS
ASTM A-53 ERW Grade A Welded Schedule 40 3/8 - 6 NPS
ASTM A-53 Furnace Weld Class F Welded Schedule 40 3/8 - 6 NPS
Table 16: US Fittings

Fitting Description Pipe Size
Pipe Size Maximum Spacing or Ductile Iron

Class 300 Malleable Up to or < 3 NPS
mm m
1000-Ib Rated Ductile Iron or Forged Steel > 3 NPS
Class 300 Flanged Joints All
10 (3/8) 1. (3 ft)
15 (1/2) 1.5 (5 ft)
20 (3/4) 1.8 (6 ft)
25 (1) Note: 2.1Cautionary
(7 ft) information indicating the calcula- Table 17: Hanger Spacing
32 (1 ) tion method
2.4 (8has
ft) been investigated for specific types of
40 (1 ) fittings,2.7
type(9of
ft)pipe and pipe inside diameter. Also that
50 (2) when the3.4specified
(11 ft) limitations are not maintained there
65 (2 ) is the 3.5
risk(11.5
that the
ft) system will not supply the required
80 (3) quantity3.7of(12
extinguishing
ft) agent. The Flow Program con-
100 (4) tains pipe & fittings
4.3 (14 ft) options together with Equivalent
150 (6) Length5.2information
(17 ft) for UK / US pipe & fittings.
Pipe Hangers
Pipe hangers must be spaced according to the size of
pipe (see table 17).
Hangers must be placed within 300mm (12") of

the discharge nozzle (see Figure 35).
(Reference: BS ISO 14520-1:2000)
Hangers must be placed between elbows that are
more than 600mm (24") apart (see Figure 36).
Hangers must be fixed to a structure capable of
supporting the Pipework.

Figure 35 - Nozzle Fixing

Table 18: Safety Clearances.
Max. Rated Min. Section Min. Ground

Voltage Clearance Clearance
(kV) (m) (m)
15 2.59 (8.5ft) -
33 2.74 (9ft) -
44 2.89 (9.5ft) -
66 3.05 (10ft) -
88 3.20 (10.5ft) 2.44 (8ft)
110 3.35 (11ft) 2.44 (8ft)
132 3.50 (11.5ft) 2.44 (8ft)
165 3.81 (12.5ft) 2.44 (8ft)
220 4.27 (14.0ft) 2.44 (8ft)
275 4.57 (15ft) 2.44 (8ft)
Figure 36 - Elbow Support
Minimum clearance from any point on or about the

permanent equipment where a person may be required
to stand (measure from position of the feet). Section
clearance - to the nearest unscreened live conductor in
air. Ground clearance - to the nearest part not at earth
potential of an insulator supporting a live conductor.
Reference NFPA 2001, section 1-5.2
Nozzles
All nozzles require the installation of a dirt trap compris-

ing 1 side tee, 2 nipples, and 1 pipe cap. Fit the nozzle to
the nipple on the dirt trap and check the nozzle orifice to
ensure proper orientation. Dirt trap lengths should be
no more than 10 times nominal pipe diameter.
Earthing & Electrical Clearance A false ceiling comprising loose tiles must have the tiles
retained within a 2m (6.5ft) radius of the nozzle, to pre-
vent movement during system discharge. Nozzles should
Systems within electrical substations or switchrooms be installed a maximum of 300mm (12") below the ceiling.
shall be efficiently earthed to prevent the metalwork be-
coming electrically charged. Adequate earthing of sys- Figure 37 - Dirt Trap
tems will minimize the risk of electrostatic discharge.
Where exposed electrical conductors are present and,
where practicable, clearances no smaller than those
given in table 18 shall be provided, between the electri-
cal conductors and all parts of the system that may be
approached during maintenance (BS5958: Pt.1 & Pt.2).

Actuation Installation Figure 39 - Side Mounted Electrical Actuator

Location (No Solenoid Adaptor Fitted)
The method of actuation depends on the system con-
figuration and any specific contract requirements and
can be broken down as follows:
Single Container Actuation

Multiple Container Actuation
Single Container Actuation

Side Mounted Electrical Actuator
The electrical actuator is factory fitted to the side port of
the valve assembly. The actuator cannot be removed or
tested on site unless fitted with solenoid adaptor part
no. 5540 as this will cause the upper valve chamber to be
vented, discharging the container (see figure 38 for lo-
cation of side mounted actuator fitted with adaptor and
figure 39 for location of side mounted actuator with no
adaptor). Ensure that solenoid is installed between 0-30o
off vertical. If no other actuators are to be installed en-
sure that the actuation cap on the valve is retained in
position.
Figure 40 - Side Mounted Electrical Actuator Wiring
Figure 38 - Side Mounted Electrical Actuator & Diagram
Solenoid Adaptor Location

Removable Solenoid Actuator If no other actuators are to be installed ensure that the
protective cap on the actuator is retained in position.
The removable electrical actuator is fitted to the top of
the valve assembly as follows: The electrical signal from the detection and/or con-
trol equipment is connected in accordance with the wir-
ing diagram detailed in Figure 43 when all other installa-
Check the actuator mechanism to ensure that it is in tions have been completed.
the non-fired position, i.e. pin retracted (see Figure
41).
Figure 43 - Electrical Actuator Wiring Diagram
Remove the actuator cap from the top of the valve
assembly (see Figure 32).
Carefully screw the actuator to the valve assembly
(see Figure 42).
Note: The actuator must be hand tight only.
Figure 41 - Actuator Non-Fire Position
4.5-5.0 mm
(.177-.197 in)
WITH NUT
AGAINST
BODY
SOLENOID
CAN BE
LOCATED
ANY 9Oo
ANGLE The Solenoid Actuator is fitted with a suppression di-
ode in parallel to the coil as indicated. Connect +ve from
Figure 42 - Electrical Actuator Location control panel to terminal 1 and -ve from control panel to
terminal 2, on plug connector. End of line monitoring
device (if required) to be fitted on site.
Before this system is put into operation, the removable

solenoid can be checked by firing the system. To do
this, REMOVE THE SOLENOID ACTUATOR from the
valve. With power to the actuator, the pin should be
firmly in the down position.

Manual Actuator Multiple Container Actuation
The manual strike knob actuator can be fitted to the top Where several containers comprise one system and are
of the electrical actuator or directly onto the valve, after discharged simultaneously, one container is designated
first removing the protective cap. as the master container, and the others are slave
Caution. Before attaching the strike knob to the electri- containers. The master container can be actuated elec-
cal actuator or valve, ensure that the firing pin is re- trically or manually. The slave containers are actuated
tracted and the safety pin is in place (see Figure 44). The pneumatically by the action of the master container dis-
strike knob must be hand-tight only. charging.
Pneumatic Actuator
Figure 44 - Manual Actuator Non-Fire Position
Check that the actuating plungers are in the raised posi-
tion (see Figure 46). Remove the actuation cap from the
top of the valve assembly (see Figure 32) and carefully
screw the pneumatic actuator to the valve on each slave
container.
Note. The actuator must be hand-tight only.
Figure 46 - Pneumatic Actuator Non-Fire Position
6.4mm (1/4")
MINIMUM
6.4mm (1/4")
MINIMUM
Figure 45 - Manual Actuator Location
Figure 47 - Pneumatic Actuator Location

Slave Actuation Pilot Line

For slave containers the pneumatic connection is made Install the pilot line tee, Part No. 91109 on to all pneu-
using flexible pilot hoses. To fit the pilot hoses, re- matic actuators (wrench tight). Connect one end of the
move the 1/4" pilot pressure port plug from the master pilot hose Part No. 6490 to the adaptor on the master
container valve assembly and install the 1/4" male adap- container and one end to the pilot line tee on the pneum-
tor, part number 91105. atic actuator. Connect pilot hoses between pilot line tees
on all pneumatic actuators (see Figure 48). The maximum
number of slave actuated containers is 9 (10 containers
system in total).
Figure 48 - Multiple Container Actuation

Ancillary Equipment
Discharge Pressure Switch Multiple Container Systems

On multi-container installations the pressure switch
should be located close to the last slave container and
Single Container Systems connected by pilot hose to the tee connector on the
On single container installations the pressure switch pneumatic actuator (see Figure 50).
should be located close to the valve assembly and con-
nected with a pilot hose from the pressure port outlet on
Figure 50 - Discharge Pressure Switch Installation
the valve to the connector on the pressure switch (see
Figure 49).
Figure 49 - Discharge Pressure Switch Installation

Discharge Pressure Switch continued... NOTE: When the device (i.e. pressure switch) is con-
nected to a standard supervisory input circuit, there will
To wire the discharge pressure switch to the control be no distinction between a wiring fault and device ac-
panel, unscrew and remove the switch cover plate. Con- tuation . This device is to only be utilised when accepted
nect to the appropriate terminals on the microswitch or if by the authority having jurisdiction.
supplied with wires, to the coloured wires which are la-
belled as follows:-
Common (C) (violet) Accessories
Normally Open (NO) (blue)
Door Notices
Normally Closed (NC) (black)
Warning notices are required at all exits and entrances
to protected area, ideally mounted on the door. Plates
may be drilled and screw fixed or attached using suitable
Low Pressure Switch adhesive.
All container valves are 'Factory fitted' with low pres- Manual Release Notices
sure warning switches. Voltage input can be applied to
either terminal. Manual release notices are required at all manual ac-
tuators, remote manual actuators and call points. Plates
may be drilled and screw fixed or attached using suit-
Figure 51 - Low Pressure Switch to Control Panel able adhesive.
diagram.
Completion Procedures
For ease of reference completion procedures may be

subdivided into the following sections;
Connections to Pyrochem PCR-100 Pre Checks and Visual Inspections.
NOTE: Program output circuit 4 as a supervisory input Final Connections.

circuit. See Pyrochem PCR-100 manual for programming
details. Hand over Procedures.
CAUTION:
The completion of the installation system,
commissioning tests and hand-over may
occur before the area is ready for use. In
the event of delay between hand-over and
the risk area being available for protection,
then the system must be left in a 'safe' con-
dition to avoid accidental discharge. The
Connections to Pyrochem FMM-101 or
system must only be made operative once
FMM-1 Module
the area for protection has been completed
NOTE: Program the addressable module as supervisory. and is operational.
See Pyrochem PCR-400 manual for programming details.

Pre-checks and Visual Inspections Remove top mounted or side mounted solenoid (if
connected via solenoid adaptor) from valve.
Check that solenoid is activated when system is
General triggered. If the solenoid adaptor is not present,
remove electrical connections from side mounted
When the installation is complete, and before making solenoid and check wiring voltage is correct for
the final connections, the following checks should be actuation when system is triggered.
made:
During detection system actuation verify the following

functions operate;
Mechanical Checks
Inspect protected area closely for conformance to origi- All apertures in hazard enclosure are closed by
nal risk specifications and for enclosable openings or dampers or other suitable methods.
sources of agent loss which may have been overlooked
in the original specification. Electrical equipment in the protected area is
tripped and isolated.
Building work should be thoroughly checked to

ensure that enclosures have been properly
Pneumatic Checks
constructed and that voids in floors and above
suspended ceilings have been sealed. The slave actuators on manifolded systems are fired by
agent discharge. Pneumatic checks are detailed below;
All back channels should be secured firmly to the
wall or bulk head. Remove pneumatic actuator from container valve.
Disconnect pilot hose from the master container
Containers should be securely held within valve adaptor (see Figure 48).
brackets.
Provide 4 bar (58 psi) pressure to the master
Piping should be securely fixed within hangers. container valve pilot hose.
Verify all pneumatic actuator pistons are in the fired
All pipe connections must be tight.
position.
Nozzles to be the proper type, correctly placed, Before replacing the pneumatic actuators, ensure that
and properly orientated. all pistons are fully reset (see Figure 46). After reinstall-
ing the pneumatic actuators, reconnect the pilot hose to
Check model and weight markings on container the master container valve adaptor (see Figure 48).
nameplates to verify that correct containers and
charges have been installed as required.
Final Connections
Verify that all warning and instruction plates are
mounted where required.
Discharge Piping
The final connection of the discharge piping occurs at
Electrical Checks
the container valve assembly. For single container sys-
The electrical systems may include interfaces with many tems, the valve safety outlet cap can be removed and
other systems for alarm, indication, actuation, shutdown, the discharge pipe connected to the container outlet.
etc. For complex electrical systems the scope and oper- For multi-container systems, the valve safety caps can
ating requirements will be described in other documents. be removed and all discharge hoses fitted.
Electrical checks are given below for a basic system us-
ing electrical actuation of the container valve;

Hand-over Procedures
The entire system shall be thoroughly inspected to make

sure that it is complete and that all tests required during
installation have been properly carried out. In addition,
the following items are particularly important.
1. A container should be refilled or replaced when it

shows a loss in agent quantity of more than 5% or
a loss in pressure (adjusted for temperature) of
more than 10%.(Operating pressure of unit at 25
bar at 21oC , 360 psi at 70oF). Refer to Appendix B
for pressures at other container temperatures.
2. Check container weight information label against

system requirement. If there is any doubt or if
there has been a loss of pressure the container
must be weighed.
3. Make sure the system is armed and the actuating

systems are operational.
Ensure adequate escape routes with directional signs

are provided. Issue of the appropriate documentation
shall constitute completion of the Hand-over procedure.
Appropriate records shall be issued by fire and/or
insurance authorities as to the suitability, acceptability
and availability of the system for the hazard area.

SECTION 6 - INTEGRITY TESTING HYGOOD
Introduction
The hazard integrity is the ability to retain the discharged Below Ceiling Leakage Area
FM-200. For a total flooding extinguishing system to (BCLA)
be effective, the design concentration must be achieved
and then maintained for at least ten minutes. The only Experience has shown that leakage above a suspended
method of testing the agent retention within the pro- ceiling has a negligible effect on the FM-200 concen-
tected area is to verify the integrity of the enclosure by tration. Like water leaking from the holes in the bottom
applying proven test procedures. of a swimming pool, FM-200 tends to escape from leaks
in the lower part of the enclosure due to the weight of
The enclosure integrity test has been developed to the mixture above it. The rate at which FM-200 is lost is
locate the source of leaks and, from the data collected, therefore primarily governed by the leakage below the
predict the retention time, proving system performance floor, and walls beneath the ceiling. This is called the
and removing the need for actual FM-200 discharge. Below Ceiling Leakage Area.
In order to determine with any degree of confidence that
the hazard area will hold the gas for the required time
period, where necessary an Enclosure Integrity Test in
accordance with BS5306:Part 5: Section 5:1 / NFPA 2001
appendix B. must be conducted. Predicting Retention Time
Once the ELA, BCLA and static pressures have been
Principle measured the next step is to calculate the retention time
of the enclosure. The formula is derived from a standard
The test is conducted with a device known as a door engineering/fluid dynamics principle. The result of the
fan, which has been used in the energy conservation calculation is the number of minutes it takes for the FM-
field for over 25 years. It has three basic components as 200/air interface to reach the minimum protected height
follows: required, normally about 75% of the enclosure area.
An adjustable panel that fits in the doorway of

the protected area
Slab to Slab Walls
A calibrated fixed speed fan The only major limitation is that it cannot be used to
accurately predict a retention time if the perimeter walls
A variable speed fan do not extend from slab to slab. The enclosure will al-
most invariably fail due to extensive leakage through
the ceiling tiles.
The pressure created by the door fan causes the air
to move through leaks in the enclosure at high speed
making it easy to pinpoint where leaks exist. A cool chemi-
cal smoke or other air current indicator is used to detect
the approximate size and location of leaks.
Coordination and Planning
It should only be necessary to conduct one integrity
test, therefore it is essential to ensure that the enclosure
Equivalent Leakage Area (ELA) is ready, and that the relevant people have been in-
The test to measure the ELA is conducted by blowing formed. Having established that any outstanding works
air into or out of the enclosure to develop the same pres- are completed prior to the test date, advise all interested
sure differential as would be created by the discharging parties in writing, if necessary outlining the testing
FM-200. By measuring the air flow required it becomes method and principles involved.
possible to calculate the ELA, which is the total of all
cracks, gaps and holes in the enclosure. The leakage
measurement achieved by taking air out of the enclo-
sure (depressurisation), and then blowing air into the
enclosure (pressurisation), is then averaged.

HYGOOD SECTION 6 - INTEGRITY TESTING
Integrity Test Procedure Dampers should be installed in both supply and return
air ducts, as close as possible to the area. The duct vol-
Evaluation. The enclosure and immediate surrounding ume between the hazard and the damper must be added
area is initially examined visually to assess the readi- to the overall volume.
ness for testing, the existence of any attached spaces
that could affect the results, and that there is an ad-
equate relief area and return air path. The volume of the Door Fan Installation. A Retrotec door fan unit is in-
enclosure is confirmed and the highest equipment meas- stalled in the designated test door in accordance with
ured to ascertain the required level for retention time. the manufacturers instructions.
The gauges are zeroed by taking them to full scale de-
Preparation. All doors outside the area that are required flection and holding for approximately ten seconds, af-
to be open for the test are wedged open with suitable ter which the gauges are gently tapped and zeroed.
notices posted to advise personnel. Where voids are
protected by FM-200, tiles are removed to ensure a Enclosure Evaluation
uniform air flow.
Static Pressure Measurements. With the door fan equip-
The enclosure is put in the state it would be in prior ment fully installed and set up, but with all openings
to a discharge, e.g. ventilation system shut down, damp- closed, a measurement of any pressure difference be-
ers closed, etc. tween the enclosure and the relief area is made. If the
Note. Equipment within the enclosure that does not af- measurement is unduly high its causes are ascertained
fect the integrity may be left running even if it will be and if possible permanently reduced or eliminated.
shut down in the event of a discharge, preventing un- Total Enclosure Leakage Method. Using an adequate
necessary disruption and inconvenience. range on one fan, or a number of fans, a pressure differ-
ence of between column pressure and column pressure
plus 30% is created. The pressure difference, and the air
Ventilation. Air conditioning and/or forced ventilation flow required to generate this, is then recorded. This is
can affect the system performance and the quantity of carried out for both pressurisation and depressurisation
agent required. modes. The total equivalent leakage area and the pre-
dicted retention time is calculated.
(i) Self-contained air conditioning unit
Suspended Ceiling Leakage Neutralisation Method.
A self-contained unit conditions the air within the en- This procedure is used to improve the accuracy of the
closure and does not rely on a fresh air supply, or draw predicted retention time where a reasonable air-tight ceil-
air from other parts of the building. If the hazard has a ing exists, whether or not the ceiling is protected with
self-contained unit and it is located within the area with- FM-200.
out an outside air supply, no additional agent is required.
It is not necessary to shut down the unit prior to a dis- Note. Leak paths through the ceiling may be temporarily
charge as the mixing effect is beneficial. However if the sealed.
air-conditioning unit is left running, a depleting concen-
tration rather than a descending FM-200/air interface The volumes above and below the false ceiling are
will be formed. The concentration will be depleted due depressurised to the same extent but using separate fans.
to leakage. Therefore the enclosure should be over- This is confirmed by using cool chemical smoke to check
gassed to obtain the required ten minute retention time that no air is flowing through the false ceiling.
at minimum concentration. Readings of the pressure difference between the en-
(ii) Central air conditioning unit closure, relief area, and the air flow through the fan(s)
used to depressurise the room and false ceiling are made,
A central air conditioning unit relies on air from outside and then the procedure is repeated in the pressurisation
and is often linked by ducts to other parts of the build- mode. The below ceiling leakage area is then calculated
ing, therefore, prior to a discharge, the unit should be and used in conjunction with the ELA to predict a re-
shut down and/or dampers operated to close the ducts. vised retention time.
Sufficient time must be allowed for the plant to stop, or
dampers to close, before discharge occurs.

SECTION 6 - INTEGRITY TESTING HYGOOD
Calculation Leakage Location

A portable computer is used to collate the data and cal- If the enclosure fails the test, or if the client requests, an
culate the values. The associated printer provides a de- inspection of the enclosure with the door fan running
tailed hard copy of the data on site. can be made. This makes it possible to locate the source
of any leakage by using cool chemical smoke. This pro-
cedure also tests the efficiency of any dampers, etc.
Figure 52 - Typical Printout
RETROTEC DISCHARGE SIMULATION VER. HA5.1 FAN TEST R EA DINGS & DATA
RETENTION TIME PREDICTION MODEL
Location: Hygood. Test Enclosure

Lo cation: H ygood. Test Enclosure
Room Name: Test House
R o om Nam e: Test House
Testing Company: HYGOOD LIMITED
Technician: C Uzzell Tem perature IN: 20 Tem p erature O UT: 20
Date: 12.12.96 Static Pressu re @ Fan Test: 0
Whole Room Test.
All Outputs are in METRIC Units.
DEPR ESSUR E PR ESSUR E
Gas Being Modelled: FM200
Op erator an d Gauges Location O UT O UT
Lbs/Kgs of Agent in Cylinder(s): 17.00
R o om Pressure Gauge R eading 14.0 14.0
Net Room Volume (m3): 30.00 C o rrected R oom Delta P(pa) -14.0 14.0
Room Height (m): 3.20 Blower R an ge C onfig Used 0.1 0.1
Minimum Protected Height (m). 2.90 Flo w Pressu re Gauge R eading 45.0 45.0
Minimum Retention Time (min): 10.00 C o rrected F low Pressure 31.0 45.0
Initial Gas Concentration (%): 7.22 C alculated A ir Flow (1s) 13.4 16.2
Static Pressure @ Discharge: 0.00 Tem p. C orrected Flow 13.4 16.2
Leakage Area (m 2) 0.0046 0.0055
Average Leakage Area (m 2) 0.0050
Equivalent Leakage Area (ELA m2): 0.0050

Hole in Ceiling (m2): 0.0025
Hole in Floor (BCLA m2): 0.0025 RM= 1.639 PC= 13.7
AT= 0.003 A LL- 0.002
This Room PASSES the Test as the Predicted Retention Time is C 3= 3.019 C 4= 0.000
10.1 minutes for the agent/air interface to drop below the GD = 7.260 K 1- 1.8850
minimum protected height. AR = 9.374 T= 605.679
PA = 13.7 F A= 0.500
CF= 1.000 K 2= 0.0046
Witnessed By: EL= 0.000 TD= 20.000
X
Page 2 Of 2 Licensed to: MARCRON SAFETY SYSTEMS (UK) LIMITED
Software Conforms to 1992 NFPA 12A/2001 TCD Room Integrity Procedure. Registration # : 207
Maximum Allowable ELA (m2): 0.005

Interface Height @ 10 minutes: 2.903
Page 1 Of 2 Licensed to: MARCRON SAFETY SYSTEMS (UK) LIMITED

Registration # : 207

HYGOOD SECTION 7 - SYSTEM OPERATION
General Comments
Personnel required to work in the protected area should Fully Automatic System
be conversant with the detection and extinguishing Where a sensitive fire detection system is included for
equipment installed, and trained in fire procedures. All the automatic release of extinguishing agent, the system
life-saving equipment must be properly maintained. shall only be capable of automatic release once two or
The method of system operation is chosen at the more sensors detect the fire.
design stage to suit the protection required for the haz- The number of detectors and their spacing is de-
ard area and the environmental factors appropriate to signed to ensure a satisfactory response time. To en-
that area. This part of the document provides informa- sure personnel may safely evacuate the risk area an ad-
tion relevant to ALL the standard operational systems justable time delay should be fitted such that sufficient
to cover the eventuality of changes to, or expansion of time may elapse prior to system discharge. Ideally, the
the original design. delay period shall not exceed 30 seconds (BS5306 Pt5).
Prior to system discharge (and at the commencement
of any time delay period) a clearly audible alarm different
from any other used shall sound and continue until the
System Detection and Actuation complete system is reset. In areas of high ambient noise
level, a visual indication may also be required, in addi-
General tion to the audible warning.
Each system is designed to suit the hazard area, whether The design of a system for automatic detection, sig-
the area is normally manned or unmanned, and whether nal distribution, alarms, etc. is not always of MACRON
the detection/actuation devices are to be manual or au- SAFETY SYSTEMS supply. Therefore, details appertain-
tomatic. The permutation of systems is large but from ing to fire detection and alarm operation and mainte-
an operational point of view, the systems are best nance are not included in this document.
grouped as:-
Manual.
Fully Automatic.
Automatic with Manual Intervention.
Manual System
Manual systems depend on human detection of a fire in
the hazard area and prompt action to actuate the local or
remote strike knob for the FM-200 system to discharge
and flood the protected area and extinguish the fire.
All other instructions associated with manual op-
eration form part of the users procedures on safety
precautions and fire drill. If required MACRON SAFETY
SYSTEMS can assist the user to prepare the procedures
for safety and fire precautions.

SECTION 7 - SYSTEM OPERATION HYGOOD
Fully Automatic System with Manual Inter- FM-200 Decomposition

vention FM-200 decomposes when exposed to temperatures
Manual intervention of an automatic system may be in- exceeding 482oC (900oF); such as flames, hot metal
cluded for the following condition; surfaces, etc. The rate of this decomposition is depend-
ent upon the size of the area where extreme temperatures
are found, and also upon the length of FM-200 exposure
Where personnel are required to work within the time.
protected area. To avoid decomposition, MACRON SAFETY SYS-
TEMS are designed to discharge and extinguish the fire
quickly. The average duration of discharge for these
In protected areas where personnel are present and systems at 21oC (70oF) is less than 10 seconds, so the
the concentration is greater than NOAEL, it is minimum amount of decomposition occurs. Hydrogen
recommended that the automatic feature of the Fluoride is the most toxic decomposition product. This
system is isolated during occupation. This may be material generates a sharp acrid odour, which is easily
achieved either by an electrically contacted lock detected and acts as a warning and a good safeguard to
assembly or by a clearly marked key switch at a personnel.
suitable location outside the risk area.
FM-200 Discharge Conditions

Conditions During a Fire FM-200 has low boiling point, consequently the dis-
charge is very cold at the point where it leaves the noz-
The users fire and safety instructions to personnel zle. Care should be taken to avoid working within 1 me-
should include advice on the conditions prevailing dur- tre (3.ft) of FM-200 discharge nozzles.
ing the discharge of an FM-200 system. This advice is
intended to prepare the personnel for the situations likely The velocity of discharge of FM-200 from a dis-
to arise and therefore minimise the risks of panic. Three charge nozzle is very high, care should be taken to in-
major conditions prevail during FM-200 discharge of sure that objects which may become dangerous projec-
which personnel should be made aware: tiles are secured or removed from the hazard area.
FM-200 Concentration
FM-200 total flooding systems greater than 9% design
concentration should only be used with manual actua-
tion in normally occupied areas. A normally occupied
area is defined as an area intended for occupancy.
Any area protected by FM-200 should be evacu-
ated prior to start of system discharge. Where egress of
normally occupied areas cannot be accomplished within
one minute, FM-200 total flooding systems shall be
designed not to exceed 9.0% concentration.
Refer to NFPA 2001, Paragraph 1-6.1.2.1 for additional
information.

HYGOOD SECTION 7 - SYSTEM OPERATION
Actions Following a Fire
General
These notes are only applicable to the hazard area(s) Should it be necessary to enter a space containing FM-
protected by a FM-200 fire extinguishing system. Where 200 or decomposition products the following precau-
such a system may form part of, or combine with other tions should be taken;
forms of fire protection systems then composite instruc-
tions for all systems are necessary to ensure the safety
of personnel and property following a fire. MACRON Use a fresh air mask or self contained breathing
SAFETY SYSTEMS are available to assist a client pre- equipment.
pare composite instructions. In accordance with BS5839:
Part 1 the organisation will have appointed, or nomi- Do Not use a filter mask or canister type mask.
nated, a responsible person to act as a Fire Officer.
Do Not enter space unless you are under observa-
Actions following a fire should be co-ordinated and/or
tion from outside the space, or tethered by a lifeline.
directed by the Fire Officer.
Ensure that all pressurised equipment is isolated or
safe from release.
Actions Immediately Following a Fire

These actions should, at a minimum, include the follow-
ing:
Advise the emergency services, Fire, Accident,

Police if appropriate.
Organize a roll-call of employees and any visitors.
Prevent unauthorised personnel from entering the
hazard area.
In the case of deep seated fires, the hazard space
should be kept tightly closed for at least 60 minutes
after discharge of the FM-200 extinguishing agent.
It is essential that the fire be completely extinguished
before ventilating the space. Before permitting any
one to enter the space, ventilate thoroughly or
ensure self-contained breathing equipment is used.
Do not enter the hazard area in which fire has been
extinguished with an open flame or lighted cigarette
as the possible presence of flammable vapours may
cause re-ignition or explosion.

SECTION 8 - MAINTENANCE
H Y GO O D
Introduction
Weekly Check of Containers
This section provides user inspection and maintenance Check storage container pressure gauges and ambient
guidance for FM-200 Engineered Systems. A log book temperature, compare these pressures to the Tempera-
will be provided to record all inspections, maintenance, ture Correction Chart to determine temperature corrected
measurements and actions taken. The continued capa- pressure. If the container corrected pressure shows a
bility for effective performance of an FM-200 Total loss of more than 10%, the containers should be removed
Flooding Fire Suppression System depends on fully for weighing. All measurements and actions shall be re-
adequate maintenance procedures, with periodic test- corded in the log book.
ing. Reference NFPA 2001 section 4-1 to 4-6.
User's Programme of Inspection Weekly Check of System Components

Make a visual inspection of the system components,
distribution piping and nozzles. Check the immediate vi-
The installer should provide the user with an inspection cinity of all equipment to ensure that no accidental dam-
programme for the system and components. The pro- age or tampering has occurred.
gramme shall include instructions on the action to be
taken in respect of faults. The user's inspection pro-
gramme is intended to detect faults at an early stage to
allow rectification before the system may have to oper-
ate. Weekly General Check
Inspect the hazard area, access routes, container stor-
age area, floor voids and areas above suspended ceil-
A suitable programme is as follows:- ings to ensure housekeeping is good and that no refuse
has accumulated. Ensure that access to the system con-
tainer assemblies and local remote controls is unob-
Weekly Check of Hazard Area structed.
Inspect the hazard area against the original layout to

ensure that there have been no changes that might af-
fect the proper performance of the fire protection sys-
tem. Changes might include: Monthly Check of Notices
Inspect system and protected spaces to ensure that warn-
ing signs, safety precautions and operating instructions
Contents of area.
are posted and clearly visible.
Use of area.
Air Handling equipment in area.
Openings in area.
Monthly Personnel Training Check
Floor/ceiling voids.
Check that all personnel who may have to operate the
Partitioning. equipment or system are properly trained and are au-
thorized to do so, and in particular that new employees
have been instructed in its use.

H Y GO O D SECTION 8 - MAINTENANCE
Contract Service & Maintenance

Container Weighing
Systems shall be thoroughly inspected and tested for Where a Client does not wish to use a MACRON
proper operation by qualified contract personnel in ac- SAFETY SYSTEMS maintenance contract or the spe-
cordance with the requirements of British Standard 5430 cialised liquid level detection equipment, then contain-
Part 2. Before any checks are carried out, ensure the ers must be weighed to establish the FM200 content.
extinguishing system is isolated electrically and mechani- The weighing procedure is as follows:
cally and remove all solenoid and pneumatic actuators.
No maintenance work should be carried out without ob-
taining approval from the Fire Officer and advising any
personnel within the hazard area. The following Pro- Remove all manual controls, pressure actuators
gramme should be carried out in addition to the User's and pressure actuation pipe or tubing and flexible
Programme of Inspection. The user shall be provided electrical connectors.
with a signed and dated report of the inspection advis-
ing any rectification carried out or needed.
Disconnect and remove discharge piping /
discharge hoses from container valves.
3 Monthly Actuator Check.
Fit Safety Outlet Caps onto container valves.
Test and service all actuating mechanisms.
Remove containers from bracketing and weigh
containers. Any container showing more than the
3 Monthly Electrical Systems Check maximum allowable weight loss must be recharged
by a qualified recharge agent.
Test and service all electrical detection and alarm
systems as recommended in BS 5839 Part 1 Record weight of container on record tag.
Replace containers in bracketing and remove

6 Monthly Container Check Safety Outlet Caps.
Externally inspect containers for signs of damage or
Reconnect discharge piping / discharge hoses
unauthorised modifications. Check container labels are
and all control heads, pressure actuators,
securely fixed and legible. Check container brackets and
pressure actuation pipe or tubing and flexible
fittings.
electric connectors.
6 Monthly Contents Check

Examine the container pressure gauge reading and refer
to the temperature correction chart. If the container pres-
sure corrected to temperature is below 10% of the stated
pressure it must be replaced or recharged.
Verification of the content of FM200 in the containers
may be achieved through either liquid level detection or
container weighing. If containers show a extinguis-
hant loss of more than 5% or a pressure loss for super-
pressurised liquefiable gases (adjusted for temperature)
of more than 10%, the container should be refilled or
replaced.

SECTION 8 - MAINTENANCE
H Y GO O D
6 Monthly Control Valve & Actuator Check Personnel Training

Check all manual and pneumatic actuators for free move- All persons who may be expected to inspect , test, main-
ment of the piston. Replace whole unit where appropri- tain or operate the fire extinguishing system shall be
ate. Check all control valves for correct manual function kept adequately trained in the functions they are ex-
and automatic valves additionally, for correct automatic pected to perform.
function.
Personnel working in an enclosure protected by a gase-
ous extinguishant shall receive training in the operation,
use of the system and safety issues.
6 Monthly Pipe Network Check
Externally check Pipe-work to determine its conditions.
Replace or pressure test and repair as necessary Pipe-
work showing corrosion or mechanical damage.
Mechanical Servicing Procedure
6 Monthly Nozzle Check a. Remove valve actuator(s) (where possible)

from the container valve(s) and replace
Inspect nozzles for dust and debris, clean out where
actuation cap(s).
necessary.
b. For master/slave system complete the
following steps to check the slave actuation
6 Monthly Enclosure Check system:-
Carry out a full visual check of the enclosure for integ-
rity and confirm the dimensions and the configuration 1. Disconnect pneumatic valve actuators from
of the hazard are as the original drawings or previous the slave container valves and install
visit. If drawings are not available and this is the first actuation caps.
visit then dimensions should be taken and passed to the
engineering department together with the quantity of 2. Disconnect the pilot loop from the master
agent to enable a calculation to be carried out to ensure container valve and install the appropriate
the correct quantity of gas has been used. plug.
3. Introduce 4 bar (58 psi) pressure into the

pilot actuation line to the pneumatic
12 Monthly Hose Check
actuators.
All system hoses should be examined for damage. If
visual examination shows any deficiency, the hose shall 4. Check that the pistons in the pneumatic
be replaced. valve actuators have fully fired.
5. Before installing the pneumatic actuator

12 Monthly Integrity Test onto the container valve ensure that the
piston is reset.
Integrity test the enclosure to determine if the leakage
area has changed sufficiently from that measured dur- c. This section only applies if:
ing installation.
(1) Macron Safety Systems Ltd. is carrying
out the maintenance on the detection system.
(2) If the servicing of the detection system is

being carried out at the same time as the
mechanical service by another nominated
body.

H Y GO O D SECTION 8 - MAINTENANCE
i) Remove solenoid actuators from valve Finally

assembles.
Carry out a final visual inspection of the system and the
ii) Activate the detection system in accordance protected area to ensure that all equipment has been
with procedures provided with the system. reinstalled and reconnected properly. Ensure that any
When this test is performed, the release circuit associated control/indication panel is displaying nor-
of the detection system must operate the mal operation. Complete the site log book, recording
electric actuators causing the plungers to be work carried out and parts used. Inform the responsible
firmly extended. person that the work is complete and that the system is
back on-line.
iii) Examine the auxiliary electrical device/alarm,
door closers etc., have all operated correctly.
iv) Ensure actuator is reset before refitting.
d. For master/slave system, remove the

appropriate port plug and reconnect the pilot
actuation line to the slave port on the
back of the master valve.
e. If Pressure switch(es) have operated, check

that connected devices have activated or shut
down as required and reset.
Specialised Maintenance Duties
Container Hydrostatic Pressure Testing

Providing containers are submitted to a full external in-
spection every 12 months from the date of introduction,
the allowable interval period before the first periodic in-
spection and hydrostatic pressure test is 20 years.
Any container that is discharged between 10 years and
20 years of being introduced into service shall be sub-
mitted to a full periodic inspection and a hydrostatic
pressure test before being refilled. The interval between
the first and second periodic inspection and hydrostatic
pressure test may not exceed 10 years. Subsequent re-
tests are not to exceed 5 years. (BS5430: Part 1) ( NFPA
2001 Section 4-2 ref: containers & Section 4-3 ref: hoses)

Section 9 - RECHARGING PROCEDURE
H Y GO O D
Recharging
This section describes the procedures to enable the 11. The outlet adapter may require to be replaced if
refilling of a container that has been discharged and will this is so the outlet will need to be removed and threads
require recharging. This covers both 25mm(1") and cleaned. Apply Loctite 648 to the thread of the new out-
50mm(2") container valve assemblies. let adapter and screw fully home. Re-fit outlet safety
cap.
Valve Refurb In the event that the pressure gauge or pressure
switch needs to be replaced:
On receiving a container that requires to be recharged
the following operations are carried out. 12. Remove to reveal grub screw. Check the grub
screw setting, this should be initially tighten fully and
1. Check that the container is empty.
then loosen by 1/2 a turn.
2. Remove valve, syphon tube grub screw and sy-
13. Apply PTFE tape to replacement components
phon tube from container. (This operation only needs
and refit.
to be undertaken if the burst disc needs replacing).
14. Remove 50 bar (725psi) burst disc assy if dam-
3. Unscrew top cap by removing locking grub screw
aged from burst disc port and replace with a new assy.
located behind safety cap chain fixing screw. Once that
has been taken off the schrader should also be removed. 25mm(1") valve : M14 assy. torque to 18Nm, (94080)
All O ring seals must be lubricated using PTFE / 50mm(2") valve : M18 assy. torque to 20Nm, (94085)
silicone grease.
4. O ring seal for the top cap has to be removed and
replaced : 25mm(1") valve O ring No. 122 (part no.90025)
& 50mm(2") valve O ring No. 231(part no.90120)
5. Remove shuttle from valve body.
6. The shuttle has two O rings an upper and lower,
both have to be replaced. Upper O ring : 25mm(1") valve
O ring No. 122 & 50mm(2") valve O ring No. 227. (part
no.90130)
7. Remove bottom cap from shuttle and replace lower
O rings : 25mm(1") valve O ring No. 212(part no.90185) &
50mm(2") valve O ring No. 327(part no.90140)
8. Replace bottom cap to shuttle and shuttle to valve,
spray a small quantity of PTFE silicone grease into the
bore of the valve body.
9. Screw new schrader into top cap using schrader
tool set to 0.6Nm. Replace top cap to valve and lock into Figure 53
place with grub screw. 50mm (2") Valve exploded View.
10. If valve has been removed from neck ring, re-

place neck seal : (This is to pre-dome burst disc if
Testing
required) On completion of a valve refurb the valve assy is
subjected to two tests - Valve Assy Pre-dome and Leak
25mm(1") valve - 2" 8UN neck O ring No. 327
Test. (test required if burst disc was replaced)
50mm(2") valve - 3 1/4" 8UN neck O ring No.337
The tests are conducted on a Nitrogen rig using a
outlet filling adapter cap, test bottom cap and closing
down adaptor. (See figure 54)

H Y GO O D Section 9 - RECHARGING PROCEDURE
1. The valve assy is assembled to the nitrogen rig Replacing Valve Assembly to container
bottom cap using PTFE/silicon greased O ring on the
valve neck thread. The outlet adapter cap is also fitted, 1. Take container and clean neck thread using a
ensuring that the vent tap is closed. power drill and the appropriate attachment. Use care
when cleaning neck threads as the O ring seal could be
2. The nitrogen regulator is opened to 40 bar (580psi) damaged.
and the pressure to the valve is slowly increased to this
pressure, this is to pre-dome the burst disc. This pres- 2. Remove debris from inside the container as well
sure is held for 1 minute ensuring that there is no drop in as from the neck thread, this should be done using the
pressure indicated by nitrogen rig gauge. workshop vacuum cleaner and airline.
3. A Water /soap solution is poured into the top cap 3. PTFE grease must be applied to the clean con-
schrader and leak detection spray is applied to all ports tainer neck thread.
on the valve to check for leakage. If no leaks are present 4. Take the appropriate syphon tube for the correct
the pressure to the valve must be reduced to 25 bar container and valve assy, making sure that the syphon
(362.5psi) and the closing down adapter fitted. To close tube and grub screw hole has been properly de-burred.
the valve shuttle down, 40 bar (580psi) is applied through
the closing down adapter. 5. The syphon must be cleaned either by hand with
paper towels or in the workshop washer.
4. Once again check for leaks.
6. Apply Loctite 572 around the circumference of
5. Slowly release the gas from the test rig, vent from the syphon tube above the grub screw hole. Fit the sy-
closing down adapter and ensure that the outlet cap phon tube into the valve assy, ensuring that the grub
adapter tap is opened before attempting to remove the screw hole's line up.
adapter.
7. Remove excess loctite adhesive and screw in grub
If a leak is identified it should be rectified, if the leak screw.
persists the valve assembly should be rejected.
8. Fit valve and syphon tube assembly to container,
insuring that the neck O ring is in place.
25mm (1") valve - 2"8UN neck ring No. 327
50mm (2") valve - 3 1/4"8UN neck ring No. 337
9. Secure the container in to the pneumatic belt vice
and tighten the valve using the "C" spanner, until the
valve bottoms onto the top of the neck ring.
FILLING
1. With the Container ready for filling a check is
made to the filling instruction sheet and the container
fill weight, time, date and fill details record.
2. The container is placed on a scales and the

appropriate filling adapter attached to the container valve
discharge port.
3. Attach the fill hose / vent line from the filling rig
Figure 54. outlet to filling adapter.
Nitrogen Test Station Component Layout
4. Reset the scale to zero to compensate for weight
of container and fill hose.

H Y GO O D
5. Switch on the pump marked 'Liquid' on filling 13. Remove the closing down line adapter.
cabinet and fill container to required weight, refer to fill
14. If valve does not close after 5 applications, the
tolerances table 19. (less approximately 0.7kg ( 1.5lbs)
cylinder must be de-pressurised. Refer to section on
which is present in pipework and will be forced through
"Decanting Containers through rig." Ensure vent valve
during pressurisation). When the fill is reached switch
is closed when not required to prevent contamination
off pump.
on fill line.
6. Remove container from scales, zero scales and
15. Test all ports with leak detection spray, and
weigh to verify fill is within tolerance, adjust if required.
Schrader with water/soap solution.
7. Attach low pressure switch wires to test box and
If a leaks is observed, minor leaks may be cured by
regulate nitrogen pressure to 13.8 bar (200psi) on fill rig
tightening the offending components.
and switch on supply.
16. Remove fill hose and filling adapter, leak test the
8. Slowly increase the nitrogen pressure on the ap-
outlet and attach safety cap. Note : When leak testing
proved pressure regulator to the stated pressure on the
outlet with spray, do not look directly into port, examine
filling instruction sheet, making the relevant allowances
quickly from an angle.)
in pressure to compensate for the current room tempera-
ture (see the temperature correction chart Table 20.). Read 17. Reset scales and note down gross weight.
off the calibrated external fill pressure gauge to deter-
mine when the intended charging pressure has been 18. Make certain all safety caps are in place, schrader
reached. (Check that the container pressure gauge reads protection cap Part No' 91185.
within +/- 1bar (+/- 14.5 psi) of the fill gauge, replace 19. Attach label to container stating the following
container gauge if outside this tolerance). information. Job number, Customer, Project, Container
size, Fill weight, Gross weight, Date filled, Type of agent.
Caution. When superpressurising, a pressure 20. Place container in bonded area for leak monitor-
regulator must be used when the pressure ing for at least 24 hours prior to dispatch.
source is a tank of high pressure gas. 21. After 24 hours a Leak Test on the container is
conducted - see section on Container / valve assy leak-
age test.
Ensure that the test box registers a change in state
(normally open to normally closed or normally closed to 22. Insert fill information on to container label.
normally open) at approximately 21 bar rising (350 psi). 8 Ltr Container: Label part No.4284
9. Agitate the container to accelerate nitrogen ab-
sorption into the agent and top up the pressure accord- 16 to 180 Ltr Container: Label part No.4294
ingly. Switch off nitrogen supply once absorption has
stopped. 23. Adhere label to container 50mm (2") below the
container top fixing bracket height.
10. Attach the closing down adaptor to the con-
tainer valve top cap and connect the nitrogen closing
down line. Regulate the nitrogen pressure to 40 bar (580
psi) with the fill rig.
11. Open the closing down valve for 1 second only
to force the valve shuttle down. The container valve can
be heard to close. Turn off the nitrogen supply and vent
the closing down line with the needle valve.
12. Vent the fill hose to atmosphere. If the pressure
drops to zero as shown on fill rig gauge marked outlet
within 10 seconds, the valve has closed. (Top up if
necessary)

Container Size Fill Tolerance Charging Pressure

8ltr +0.04, -0 kg (+0.09, -0 lb) +0.75, -0 bar (+11, -0 psi)
16ltr +0.08, -0 kg (+0.18, -0 lb) +0.75, -0 bar (+11, -0 psi)
32ltr +0.16, -0 kg (+0.35, -0 lb) +0.75, -0 bar (+11, -0 psi)
52ltr +0.26, -0 kg (+0.57, -0 lb) +0.75, -0 bar (+11, -0 psi)
106ltr +0.50, -0 kg (+1.10, -0 lb) +0.75, -0 bar (+11, -0 psi)
147ltr +0.75, -0 kg (+1.65, -0 lb) +0.75, -0 bar (+11, -0 psi)
180ltr +1.00, -0 kg (+2.21, -0 lb) +0.75, -0 bar (+11, -0 psi)
Table 19 :Fill Tolerance Table.
Temperature Developed Temperature Developed Temperature Developed Temperature Developed

Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure
o
C ( oF) Bar (Psi) o
C ( oF) Bar (Psi) o
C ( oF) Bar (Psi) o
C (oF) Bar (Psi)
0 (32) 19.9 (288.1) 12.8 (55) 22.8 (331.0) 25.6 (78) 26.0 (376.7) 38.3 (101) 29.5 (427.5)
0.5 (33) 20.0 (289.9) 13.3 (56) 22.9 (332.9) 26.1 (79) 26.1 (378.7) 38.9 (102) 29.6 (429.9)
1.0 (34) 20.1 (291.7) 13.9 (57) 23.1 (334.8) 26.7 (80) 26.3 (380.8) 39.4 (103) 29.8 (432.3)
1.6 (35) 20.2 (293.6) 14.4 (58) 23.2 (336.7) 27.2 (81) 26.4 (383.0) 40.0 (104) 30.0 (434.7)
2.0 (36) 20.4 (295.4) 15.0 (59) 23.4 (338.6) 27.8 (82) 26.6 (385.1) 40.6 (105) 30.1 (437.1)
2.8 (37) 20.5 (297.2) 15.6 (60) 23.5 (340.5) 28.3 (83) 26.7 (387.3) 41.1 (106) 30.3 (439.5)
3.3 (38) 20.6 (299.0) 16.1 (61) 23.6 (342.5) 28.9 (84) 26.9 (389.4) 41.7 (107) 30.5 (441.9)
3.9 (39) 20.8 (300.9) 16.7 (62) 23.8 (344.4) 29.4 (85) 27.0 (391.6) 42.4 (108) 30.6 (444.3)
4.4 (40) 20.9 (302.7) 17.2 (63) 23.9 (346.4) 30.0 (86) 27.2 (393.7) 42.8 (109) 30.8 (446.7)
5.0 (41) 21.0 (304.6) 17.8 (64) 24.0 (348.4) 30.6 (87) 27.3 (395.9) 43.3 (110) 31.0 (449.1)
5.6 (42) 21.1 (306.4) 18.3 (65) 24.2 (350.4) 31.1 (88) 27.4 (398.0) 43.9 (111) 31.1 (451.6)
6.1 (43) 21.3 (308.3) 18.9 (66) 24.3 (352.3) 31.7 (89) 27.6 (400.2) 44.4 (112) 31.3 (454.2)
6.7 (44) 21.4 (310.2) 19.4 (67) 24.4 (354.3) 32.2 (90) 27.7 (402.3) 45.0 (113) 31.5 (456.7
7.2 (45) 21.5 (312.1) 20.0 (68) 24.6 (356.3) 32.8 (91) 27.9 (404.6) 45.6 (114) 31.7 (459.3)
7.8 (46) 21.6 (313.9) 20.6 (69) 24.7 (358.2) 33.3 (92) 28.1 (406.9) 46.1 (115) 31.9 (461.9)
8.3 (47) 21.8 (315.8) 21.1 (70) 24.8 (360.2) 33.9 (93) 28.2 (409.1) 46.7 (116) 32.0 (464.5)
8.9 (48) 21.9 (317.7) 21.7 (71) 25.0 (362.3) 34.4 (94) 28.4 (411.4) 47.2 (117) 32.2 (467.0)
9.4 (49) 22.0 (319.5) 22.2 (72) 25.1 (364.3) 35.0 (95) 28.5 (413.7) 47.8 (118) 32.4 (469.6
10.0 (50) 22.2 (321.4) 22.8 (73) 25.3 (366.4) 35.6 (96) 28.7 (416.0) 48.3 (119) 32.6 (472.2)
10.6 (51) 22.3 (323.3 23.3 (74) 25.4 (368.4) 36.1 (97) 28.8 (418.3) 48.9 (120) 32.7 (474.8)
11.1 (52) 22.4 (325.2) 23.9 (75) 25.6 (370.5) 36.7 (98) 92.0 (420.5)
11.7 (53) 22.6 (327.1 24.4 (76) 25.7 (372.6) 37.2 (99) 29.2 (422.8)
12.2 (54) 22.7 (329.0) 25.0 (77) 25.8 (374.6) 37.8 (100) 29.3 (425.1)
Table 20: Temperature Correction Chart.

H Y GO O D
Container / Valve Assy leakage Test

This Test is required for all filled FM-200 valves However, if the repeatability check is inconclusive,
and container assemblies after being left to stand in a repeat check in an alternative clean environment. If
bonded area for at least 24 hours. The test equipment repeatability problems persist, contact R&D department
used is a leak detector and calibration gas. for instruction. Close the hand valve of the leak stand-
ard after use.
1. After 24hrs standing, the valve pressure gauge
should be checked for pressure loss (refer to tempera-
ture correction chart to adjust for temperature change). Container Leak Test.
The container and valve assembly should then be Carefully probe the container/valve assembly at all
checked for leakage using the Halotek leak detector unit. probes and openings. Ensure that the probe is not
2. Switch on the fan to pressurise/purge the room brought into direct contact with any objects as this can
for a minimum of 20 minutes before testing. lead to spurious results and ensure that the dwell time of
the probe is sufficiently long (more than 5 seconds) to
3. Take the Halotek unit & calibration gas and retire ensure any leak is detected. Any significant and repeat-
to an FM200 free environment to calibration of the unit. able increase of the audible pulse rate should be taken
as an indication of a leak and the container and valve
4. Adjust the Halotek leak detector to gain a steady
assembly should be rejected.
audible pulse, in free air, of about 2 to 4 pulses per sec-
ond. Once the leakage source has been rectified, the con-
tainer and valve assembly should be subjected to a fur-
5. Conduct a stability check by leaving the Halotek
ther leak test using the Halotek unit.
unit for approximately 3 minutes in a clean air environ-
ment. If the pulse rate is observed to stay within the
range of 2 to 4 pulses per second, proceed to the Decanting a container through filling rig.
repeatability check.
Decanting is necessary if a container / valve assy
If the stability check is inconclusive, repeat stability has been rejected due to a leak after filling, if this is
check in an alternative clean environment. If stability necessary the appropriate outlet adapter should be at-
problems persist, contact R&D department for instruc- tached to the valve and a direct line connected to a stor-
tion. age vessel.
6. The leak standard of 0.21oz/year should be condi-
tioned to a temperature of 200C +/-50C (680F +/- 90F) for Caution. Make certain that the container is
at least 24 hours. secured to a rigid surface. Failure to do so could
cause severe container movement
Calibration Repeatability Test upon actuation, resulting in personal injury or
property damage.
1. Remove the cap from the leak standard, screw the
calibration nozzle into the outlet of the bottle and open
the hand valve fully. If the valve has been shut down, ensure that the line
is shut off and activate the valve. Open the ball valve on
2. Place the Halotek probe into the calibration noz-
the line that is direct to the storage vessel and flush the
zle. Within 5 seconds the pulse rate should start to
FM200 back into it. Shut off line and vent remaining
increase and be a continuous tone within 15 seconds.
pressure to atmosphere.
3. Remove the probe from the nozzle and position
Label up cylinder with appropriate instructions i.e.
the Halotek unit away from the gas source. The pulse
Refit or rejection.
rate should revert back to the original rate of 2 to 4 pulses
per second within 15 seconds.
4. Repeat test a further two times. If repeatability
test indicates that the unit is functioning within the set
parameters, proceed to the container leak test.

Transportation
Containers that have passed all required tests and
have been filled or recharged must be stored, trans-
ported and installed in the vertical position. A warning
label will be placed on a container to indicate this re-
quirement. See figure 55.
This only applies to 8 - 52 Ltr containers only.
Figure 55.
Transportation Warning Label.

Section 10 - Warranty, Disclaimers & Limitations
H Y GO O D
Warranty
Following the commissioning of the system, all equip-
ment will be covered by the company's twelve month
parts warranty (excluding parts accidentally or mali-
ciously damaged by others). For further information, re-
fer to MACRON SAFETY SYSTEMS 'Terms and condi-
tions' document.
Disclaimers & Limitations

Whilst every care has been taken in the publication
of this user's guide to describe our products accurately,
it is not considered binding. MACRON SAFETY SYS-
TEMS reserves the right to make any alterations with-
out notice. All issues are uncontrolled copies.

HYGOOD SECTION 11 - APPENDICES

APPENDIX A - Site Survey / Proposal Request Form
H Y GO O D
FROM: DATE:
ADDRESS: CONTACT:
TEL NO.
FAX NO.
REF NO.
One of the most important aspects in providing the most cost effective application of the FM-200 Total Flooding
fire suppression system is the site survey. This procedure and the information gathered provides the basis for the
system design procedure. All the relevant information obtained concerning the hazard, the enviroment, personnel
and required sequence of operation will be used to select, sell and install the FM-200 Total Flooding system.
HAZARDATMOSPHERE:
! NORMAL
! FLAMEPROOF (Specify Zone)
! EXPLOSION PROOF (Specify Zone)
HAZARDOUS MATERIAL:
! CLASS A (Surface fires, involving normal combustible material eg paper, cloth plastics etc.)
! CLASS B (Flammable liquids and gas fires, materials such as oils, greases, tar and petrol.)
(specify Material)
! CLASS C (Electrical equipment, eg computers, data processing, transformers, switches and rotating equipment.)
CAUTION FM-200 is not effective on deep seated fires, combustible metals, chemicals capable of rapid oxidation,
chemicals capable of auto thermal decomposition, inerting or explosion suppression, enclosures containing
hot surfaces.
HAZARD VOLUME(S):
Correctly determining the hazard volume is one of the most important aspects when designing an FM-200 system,
as the agent quantity is determined by the hazard volume. It is important that the hazard area be enclosed on all sides
so that the required concentration level is acheived and maintained. All walls must have a minimum fire rating of 30
mins.
Hazard Area Length WidthRoom HeightFloor Void Depth Ceiling Void Depth
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m)
Extra volume to be
allowed for.
Height above sea
level.

H Y GO O D APPENDIX A - Site Survey / Proposal Request Form
VENTILATION:
The hazard ventilation system can effect both the quantity of FM-200 and the number of detectors required,
is the system:
! SELF CONTAINED
! CENTRAL
Central air conditioning systems draw air from an outside source and therefore at least one of the following
must occur:
! ELECTRICAL SHUT DOWN OF THE VENTILATION SYSTEM.

! INSTALLATION OF DAMPERS WITHIN THE AIR SUPPLY AND RETURN DUCT.
NOTE: If dampers are present, the volume of duct work from outside the hazard area to the
location of the damper must be added to the total hazard volume.
CEILING CONSTRUCTION:
! ARE CEILING OBSTRUCTIONS PRESENT ? (Ie. Any obstructions over 300mm deep eg beams, if
so indicate on hazard drawing)
! ARE CEILINGS A MINIMUM OF 300 mm (12") ABOVE HAZARD ?
TEMPERATURE RANGE:
MINIMUM ANTICIPATED TEMPERATURE: o

C
MAXIMUM ANTICIPATED TEMPERATURE: o
C
CONTAINER STORAGE TEMPERATURE: o
C
CONTAINER LOCATION:
Show preferred container location on hazard drawing.
OTHER DETAILS:
! IS A ROOM INTEGRITY TEST REQUIRED ?

! IS A RESERVE SUPPLY REQUIRED ?
! IS A SPARE CONTAINER REQUIRED ?
! IS ELECTRONIC WEIGHT MONITORING REQUIRED ?
! IS A MAINTENANCE PRICE REQUIRED ?
PLEASE RETURN THE COMPLETED FORM TO: Macron Safety Systems (uk) Ltd
Woodlands Place
Woodlands Road
Guildford
Surrey, GU1 1RN
Tel. 01483 572222

Fax. 01483 302180

APPENDIX B - Temperature Correction Chart
H Y GO O D
FM-200 PRESSURISED TO 25.8 BAR (360 psig)

WITH NITROGEN AT 21oC (70oF)

H Y GO O D APPENDIX C - Hughes Program Printout.
FM-200 HY-FLOW
Calculation Program
Computer printout:
Example Calculation
Consolidated Report
9 pages

HY-FLOW FM-200 HYG3.10
European Version
Project: Example Calculation
File Name: K:\General\PED\Manual Example (FM200).FLC
Calculation Date/Time: 02 October 2001, 13:01:14
Consolidated Report
Customer Information
Company Name: Macron Safety Systems (UK) Ltd

Address: Woodlands Road
Guildford, GU1 1RN
United Kingdom
Phone: +44 (0) 1483 572222
Contact: Neil Oakshott
Title:
Project Data
Project Name: Example Calculation
Designer: Neil Oakshott
Number: 123456
Account: 123456
Location: Great Yarmouth Office
Description: Example calculation for inclusion in FM200 manual
Page: 1 of 9
Copyright (c) Hughes Associates, Inc. Licensed to: Macron Safety Systems
Consolidated Report
Enclosure Information
Elevation: 0 m (relative to sea level)

Atmospheric Correction Factor: 1
Enclosure Number: 1
Name: PABX Room
Enclosure Temperature...
Minimum: 20.0 C
Maximum: 20.0 C
Maximum Concentration: 7.527 %
Design Concentration...
Adjusted: 7.526 %
Minimum: 7.500 %
Minimum Agent Required: 71.8 kg
Width: 6.92 m
Length: 7.00 m
Height: 2.50 m
Volume: 121.10 cubic m
Non-permeable: 0.00 cubic m
Total Volume: 121.10 cubic m
Adjusted Agent Required: 72.0 kg
Number of Nozzles: 1
Enclosure Number: 2
Name: Computer Room
Enclosure Temperature...
Minimum: 20.0 C
Maximum: 20.0 C
Maximum Concentration: 7.515 %
Design Concentration...
Adjusted: 7.514 %
Minimum: 7.500 %
Minimum Agent Required: 321.9 kg
Width: 12.00 m
Length: 16.00 m
Height: 2.83 m
Volume: 543.36 cubic m
Non-permeable: 0.00 cubic m
Total Volume: 543.36 cubic m
Number of Nozzles: 4
Page: 2 of 9
Consolidated Report
Agent Information
Agent: FM-200 / Propellant N2

(FM-200 is a Trademark of Great Lakes Chemical Corp.)

Container Name: 180 Litre BS/EN Container
Container Part Number: 9085/9310
Number of Main Containers: 3
Number of Reserve Containers: 0
Manifold: End, 3 x 180 Litre Containers, 100mm, vert.,
9356
Pipe Take Off Direction: Up
Agent Per Container: 131.5 kg
Fill Density: 0.722 kg / l
Container Empty Weight: 94.0 kg
Weight, All Containers + Agent: 676.5 kg
Floor Area Per Container: 0.13 square m
Floor Loading Per Container: 1742 kg /square m
Pipe Network
Part 1 - Pipe Pipe
Description Start End Type Diameter Length Elevation
Main Cyl. X 3 0 1 50 mm 1.63 m 1.63 m
Manifold X 3 1 2 US40B 50 mm 0.75 m 0.63 m
TS
Manifold X 1 2 3 US80B 100 mm 1.17 m 0.00 m
TS
Pipe 3 4 UK40G 100 mm 0.58 m 0.58 m
TS
Pipe 4 5 UK40G 100 mm 1.00 m 0.00 m
TS
Pipe 5 6 UK40G 100 mm 3.00 m 0.00 m
TS
Pipe 6 7 UK40G 80 mm 3.00 m 0.00 m
TS
Pipe 7 8 UK40G 80 mm 8.00 m 0.00 m
TS
Pipe 8 9 UK40G 65 mm 3.00 m 0.00 m
TS
Page: 3 of 9
Consolidated Report
Part 1 - Pipe Pipe
Description Start End Type Diameter Length Elevation
Pipe 9 10 UK40G 50 mm 5.00 m 0.00 m
TS
Pipe/E2-N1 10 11 UK40G 50 mm 0.10 m -0.10 m
TS
Pipe 9 12 UK40G 50 mm 5.00 m 0.00 m
TS
Pipe/E2-N2 12 13 UK40G 50 mm 0.10 m -0.10 m
TS
Pipe 8 14 UK40G 65 mm 3.00 m 0.00 m
TS
Pipe 14 15 UK40G 50 mm 5.00 m 0.00 m
TS
Pipe/E2-N3 15 16 UK40G 50 mm 0.10 m -0.10 m
TS
Pipe 14 17 UK40G 50 mm 5.00 m 0.00 m
TS
Pipe/E2-N4 17 18 UK40G 50 mm 0.10 m -0.10 m
TS
Pipe 6 19 UK40G 50 mm 0.30 m 0.00 m
TS
Pipe 19 20 UK40G 50 mm 4.80 m 0.00 m
TS
Pipe/E1-N1 20 21 UK40G 50 mm 0.10 m -0.10 m
TS
Part 2 - Equivalent Length

Start End 90 45 Thru Side Union Other Added Total
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 m 10.67 m
1 2 0 0 0 0 0 50mmDH&CV 0.00 m 12.77 m
2 3 1 0 0 3 0 0.00 m 24.32 m
3 4 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 m 0.58 m
4 5 1 0 0 0 0 0.00 m 4.27 m
5 6 1 0 0 0 0 0.00 m 6.25 m
6 7 0 0 1 0 0 0.00 m 4.54 m
7 8 1 0 0 0 0 0.00 m 10.52 m
8 9 0 0 0 1 0 0.00 m 7.07 m
9 10 0 0 0 1 0 0.00 m 8.41 m
10 11 1 0 0 0 0 0.00 m 1.77 m
9 12 0 0 0 1 0 0.00 m 8.41 m
12 13 1 0 0 0 0 0.00 m 1.77 m
8 14 0 0 0 1 0 0.00 m 7.07 m
Page: 4 of 9
Consolidated Report
Part 2 - Equivalent Length
Start End 90 45 Thru Side Union Other Added Total
14 15 0 0 0 1 0 0.00 m 8.41 m
15 16 1 0 0 0 0 0.00 m 1.77 m
14 17 0 0 0 1 0 0.00 m 8.41 m
17 18 1 0 0 0 0 0.00 m 1.77 m
6 19 0 0 0 1 0 0.00 m 3.72 m
19 20 1 0 0 0 0 0.00 m 6.49 m
20 21 1 0 0 0 0 0.00 m 1.77 m
Part 3 - Nozzles
Start End Flow Name Size Type Nozzle Area
0 1 131.5 kg
1 2 131.5 kg
2 3 394.5 kg
3 4 394.5 kg
4 5 394.5 kg
5 6 394.5 kg
6 7 322.5 kg
7 8 322.5 kg
8 9 161.4 kg
9 10 80.7 kg
10 11 80.7 kg E2-N1 50 mm 8 Port-AL 997.52 square mm
9 12 80.7 kg
8 14 161.1 kg
14 15 80.7 kg
14 17 80.4 kg
6 19 72.0 kg
19 20 72.0 kg
Parts Information
Total Agent Required: 394.5 kg

Container Name: 180 Litre BS/EN Container (Part: 9085/9310)
Number Of Containers: 3
Page: 5 of 9
Consolidated Report
Nozzle Type Diameter Nozzle Area Part Number

E1-N1 7 Port-AL 50 mm 818.29 square mm 3440
Nozzle Drill Diameter Drill Size

E1-N1 12.2000 mm 12.2 mm
E2-N1 12.6000 mm 12.6 mm
E2-N2 12.6000 mm 12.6 mm
E2-N3 12.6000 mm 12.6 mm
E2-N4 12.6000 mm 12.6 mm
Pipe: Type Diameter Length

US80BTS 100 mm 1.17 m
UK40GTS 50 mm 25.60 m
UK40GTS 65 mm 6.00 m
UK40GTS 80 mm 11.00 m
UK40GTS 100 mm 4.58 m
'Other' Items:
3 - 50 mm Check&Flex (Part: 6540 and 6550)
List of 90 degree elbows:

3 - 100 mm
6 - 50 mm
1 - 80 mm
List of Tees:
1 - 100 mm
2 - 65 mm
1 - 80 mm
System Acceptance
System Discharge Time: 9.8 seconds

Percent Agent In Pipe: 66.0%
Percent Agent Before First Tee: 22.0%
Enclosure Number: 1
Page: 6 of 9
Consolidated Report
Enclosure Name: PABX Room
Minimum Design Concentration: 7.500%
Adjusted Design Concentration: 7.526%
Predicted Concentration: 7.531%
Maximum Expected Agent Concentration: 7.531% (At 20.0 C)
Minimum Adjusted Predicted Nozzle

Agent Agent Agent Pressure
Nozzle Required Required Delivered (Average)
E1-N1 71.8 kg 72.0 kg 72.0 kg 8.779 bar
Enclosure Number: 2
Enclosure Name: Computer Room
Minimum Design Concentration: 7.500%
Adjusted Design Concentration: 7.514%
Predicted Concentration: 7.514%
Maximum Expected Agent Concentration: 7.514% (At 20.0 C)
Minimum Adjusted Predicted Nozzle

Agent Agent Agent Pressure
Nozzle Required Required Delivered (Average)
E2-N1 80.5 kg 80.7 kg 80.6 kg 6.447 bar
E2-N2 80.5 kg 80.7 kg 80.6 kg 6.447 bar
E2-N3 80.5 kg 80.7 kg 80.6 kg 6.447 bar
E2-N4 80.3 kg 80.4 kg 80.6 kg 6.447 bar
Page: 7 of 9
Consolidated Report
Standard Isometric View
Standard Plan View
Page: 8 of 9
Consolidated Report
Standard Elevation View
Page: 9 of 9
H Y GO O D APPENDIX D - FM-200 Data Sheet.
FM-200 Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS)
PAGES 9

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
MSDS Number: 00057 Effective Date: 4/7/98

Product Name: FM-200 Page: 1 of 9
SECTION I - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION

Product Name: FM-200
Manufacturer: Great Lakes Chemical Corporation
Address: P.O. Box 2200
City: West Lafayette
State: Indiana
Zip: 47996-2200
Emergency
Telephone Number: 1-800-949-5167
Information
Telephone Number: 1-765-497-6100 Fax: 1-765-497-6123
Chemtrec Phone: 1-800-424-9300
Effective Date: 4/7/98
Supercede Date: 8/11/97
MSDS Prepared By: Regulatory Affairs Department/Great Lakes Chemical Corporation
Synonyms: 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane, 2H-Heptafluoropropane
Product Use: Fire extinguishing, fire suppression, explosion suppression and inerting
agent
Chemical Name: 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane
Chemical Family: Halogenated alkane
Additional Information
No information available
SECTION II - COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

INGREDIENT NAME CAS NO. % EXPOSURE LIMITS
1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane 431890 >99 Y (Hazardous)
Not established (OSHA PEL TWA)
Not established (OSHA PEL STEL)
Not established (OSHA PEL CEIL)
Not established (ACGIH TLV TWA)
Not established (ACGIH TLV STEL)
Not established (ACGIH TLV CEIL)
*Mixture. Indented chemicals components of mixture.
MSDS Number: 00057 EffectiveDate: 4/7/98
SECTION III - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

Emergency Overview: Colorless gas
Odorless
Direct eye or skin contact with the liquid or cold gas can cause
chilling or possibly frostbite of exposed tissues.
May cause central nervous system effects.
Inhalation of high concentrations can be harmful or fatal due to
oxygen deprivation and/or heart irregularities.
Relevant Routes of
Exposure: Inhalation
Signs and Symptoms of
Overexposure: Symptoms similar to oxygen deprivation (headache, nausea,
dizziness or loss of consciousness) may result from overexposure
by inhalation. Heart irregularities such as irregular pulse or
heart palpitations may indicate cardiac sensitivity. Cold, white
or discolored skin or in severe cases blistering, can be a sign of
frostbite caused by cold liquids or gases.
Medical Conditions
Generally Aggravated By Persons with preexisting cardiac, respiratory, or central nervous
Exposure: system disorders may be more susceptible to effects of an
overexposure. The use of epinephrine or similar compounds can
increase susceptibility to heart irregularities caused by
excessive exposure to these types of compounds.
Potential Health Effects: See Section XI for additional information.
Eyes: Direct eye contact with the liquid or cold gas can cause chilling
or possibly frostbite of exposed tissues.
Skin: Direct skin contact with the liquid or cold gas can cause chilling
or possibly frostbite of exposed tissues.
Ingestion: Not expected to be a hazard in normal industrial use.
Inhalation: Inhalation of high concentrations can be harmful or fatal due to
oxygen deprivation and/or heart irregularities (arrhythmias).
Misuse of the product by deliberately inhaling high
concentrations of this gas could cause death without warning.
Carcinogenicity:
NTP: No
IARC: No
OSHA: No
ACGIH: No
OTHER: No
SECTION IV - FIRST AID MEASURES

Eyes: Flush with water. Get medical attention.
Skin: Flush with water; if frostbite occurs get medical attention.
Ingestion: No information available
Inhalation: Remove person to fresh air; if not breathing, give artificial
respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical
SECTION IV - FIRST AID MEASURES

attention.
Antidotes: No information available
Notes to Physicians and/or
Protection for First-Aiders: The use of epinephrine or similar compounds can increase
susceptibility to heart irregularities caused by excessive
exposure to these types of compounds.
SECTION V - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Flammable Limits in Air (%
by Volume): Not applicable
Flash Point: Nonflammable gas
Autoignition Temperature: Not available
Extinguishing Media: All conventional media are suitable.
Fire Fighting Instructions: Keep cylinders cool with a water spray applied from a safe
distance. Use a self-contained breathing apparatus if
containers rupture or release under fire conditions. Do not
allow reentry into areas where this material has been released
without first ventilating to remove products of
combustion/decomposition.
Unusual Fire and Explosion
Hazards: Although containers of our product are provided with pressure
and temperature relief devices, containers can rupture if
exposed to localized heat. Thermal decomposition will generate
toxic and corrosive gases.
Flammability Classification: Nonflammable gas
Known or Anticipated
Hazardous Products of Decomposition by elevated temperatures (fire conditions,
Combustion: glowing metal surfaces) may generate hazardous decomposition
products common to other CFCs, HCFCs or HBFCs. These can
include hydrogen fluoride, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and
others.
NNo information availabl
SECTION VI - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

Accidental Release
Measures: Evacuate the area and ventilate. Do not enter areas where
high concentrations may exist (especially confined or poorly
ventilated areas) without appropriate protective equipment
including a self-contained breathing apparatus.
Personal Precautions: See Section VIII.
Environmental Precautions: No information available
SECTION VII - HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling: Use the same type of precautions as would be used in handling
any cryogenic gas. Protect container from damage. Handle in
well-ventilated areas. When this material is used as a
firefighting agent in fixed or portable extinguishing systems,
follow manufacturer's instructions for operation, inspection,
maintenance and repair of the system.
Storage: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from
incompatible materials.
Keep container tightly closed.
Other Precautions: No information available
SECTION VIII - EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION

Engineering Controls: No information available
Ventilation Requirements: Use local ventilation to minimize exposure to gas.
Use mechanical ventilation for general area control.
Personal Protective Equipment:
Eye/Face Protection: Chemical splash goggles when handling liquid
Skin Protection: Use lined neoprene gloves if handling liquid.
Clothing designed to minimize skin contact
Respiratory
Protection: Wear a NIOSH/MSHA approved self-contained breathing
apparatus in emergency situations.
Consult the OSHA respiratory protection information located at
29CFR 1910.134 and the American National Standard
Institute's Practices of Respiratory Protection Z88.2.
Other Protective
Clothing or No information available
Equipment:
Exposure Guidelines: See Section II.
Work Hygienic Practices: Wash thoroughly after handling.
Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
Make sure piping is empty before doing maintenance work.
SECTION IX - PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Appearance: Colorless gas
Boiling Point: -16.4 degrees C (3 degrees F)
Bulk Density: Not available
Color: Colorless
Decomposition
SECTION IX - PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Temperature: Not available
Evaporation Rate: Not available
Freezing Point: Not available
Heat Value: Not available
Melting Point: -131 degrees C (-204 degrees F)
Molecular/Chemical
Formula: C3HF7
Molecular Weight: 170
Octanol/Water Partition
Coefficient: Not available
Odor: Odorless
Odor Threshold: Not available
Particle Size: Not available
Percent Volatile: Not available
pH Value: Not available
pH Concentration: Not available
Physical State: Gas
Reactivity in Water: Not water reactive
Saturated Vapor
Concentration: Not available
Softening Point: Not available
Solubility in Water: 260 mg/L
Specific Gravity or Density
(Water=1): 1.46
Vapor Density: 6.04
Vapor Pressure: 58.8 psia at 70 degrees F (21 degreesC)
Viscosity: Not available
Volatile Organic
Compounds: Not available
Water/Oil Distribution
Coefficient: Not available
Weight Per Gallon: Not available
SECTION X - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Stability: Stable under normal conditions of handling and use.
Conditions to Avoid: None
Incompatibility With Other

Materials: Powdered metals (ex. Al, Mg, or Zn) and strong alkalis,
oxidizers or reducing agents are not compatible with this and
most other halogenated organic compounds.
Hazardous Decomposition
Products: Thermal decomposition may produce the following:
SECTION X - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Hydrogen fluoride
Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur
Conditions to Avoid: None
SECTION XI - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

VALUE (LD50 OR LC50) ANIMAL ROUTES COMPONENTS
>788,696 ppm/4H Rat Acute Inhalation 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane
Toxicological Information: The human health hazards of this product are expected to be
similar to other liquified gases including N2, CO2, CFCs,
HCFCs, and HBFCs. Therefore, direct eye or skin contact with
the liquid or cold gas can cause chilling or possibly frostbite of
exposed tissues. Inhalation of high concentrations can be
harmful or fatal due to oxygen deprivation and/or heart
irregularities (arrhythmias). Misuse of the product by
deliberately inhaling high concentrations of this gas could cause
death without warning. Persons with preexisting cardiac or
central nervous system disorders may be more susceptible to
effects of an overexposure.
When tested with and without metabolic activation over a

concentration range of 43.9-93.5%, heptafluoropropane was not
mutagenic in S. typhimurium. Neither toxicity nor
mutagenicity was observed in a mouse lymphoma assay when
heptafluoropropane was tested to a concentration of 56.8%.
Neither toxicity nor an increase in micronuclei was observed in
mice exposed to 10.5% heptafluoropropane. Therefore, there is
no evidence that heptafluoropropane is capable of inducing gene
or chromosomal mutations in vitro or chromosomal effects in
vivo. In other studies, heptafluoropropane did not show
genotoxicity or cytotoxicity.
Animal studies have found the rat 4 hour LC50 to be >788,696

ppm (~80%), the highest level tested. A cardiac sensitization
study in dogs found the No Observable Adverse Effect Level
(NOAEL) to be 9.0%. The Lowest Observable Adverse Effect
Level (LOAEL) for this study was reported to be 10.5%. A 90
day inhalation study did not find any exposure related effects at
105,000 ppm (10.5% vol./vol.), the highest level tested.
Inhalation studies looking for developmental effects on
pregnant rabbits and rats or their offspring did not show any
exposure related effects at the highest concentrations tested
(105,000 ppm).
SECTION XII - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Ecological Information: No information available
SECTION XIII - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

Disposal Considerations: Non-contaminated product is reclaimable. Contact Great Lakes
Chemical Corporation for information. Otherwise, dispose of
waste in an approved chemical incinerator equipped with a
scrubber as allowed by current Local, State/Province,
Federal/Canadian laws and regulations.
SECTION XIV - TRANSPORT INFORMATION

U.S. DOT
Proper Shipping Name: Heptafluoropropane
Hazard Class: 2.2
ID Number: UN3296
Packing Group: N/A
Labels: Nonflammable gas
Special Provisions: N/A
Packaging Exceptions: 306
Non-Bulk Packaging: 304
Bulk Packaging: 314, 315
Air/Rail Limit: 75 kg
Air Cargo Limit: 150 kg
Vessel Stowage: A
Other Stowage: N/A
Reportable Quantity: N/A
AIR - ICAO OR IATA
Hazard Class: 2.2
ID Number: UN3296
Subsidiary Risk: N/A
Packing Group: N/A
Hazard Labels: Nonflammable gas
Packing Instructions: 200
Air Passenger Limit Per
Package: 75 kg
Packing Instruction - Cargo: 200
Air Cargo Limit Per
Package: 150 kg
Special Provisions Code: N/A
WATER - IMDG
SECTION XIV - TRANSPORT INFORMATION

Hazard Class: 2.2
ID Number: UN3296
Packing Group: N/A
Subsidiary Risk: N/A
Medical First Aid Guide
Code: 350
EmS No. 2-09
SECTION XV - REGULATORY INFORMATION

U.S. Federal Regulations: The components of this product are either on the TSCA
Inventory or exempt (i.e. impurities, a polymer complying with
the exemption rule at 40 CFR 723.250) from the Inventory.
State Regulations: None known
International Regulations: This material (or each component) is listed on the following
inventories:
EU - EINECS
Canadian WHMIS Hazard Class and Division = A.

SARA Hazards:
Acute: Yes
Chronic: No
Reactive: No
Fire: No
Pressure: No
The above regulatory information represents only selected regulations and is not meant to be a
complete list.
SECTION XVI - OTHER INFORMATION

NFPA Codes:
Health: 1
Flammability: 0
Reactivity: 0
Other: 0
HMIS Codes:
Health: 1
Flammability: 0
Reactivity: 0
Protection: X
Label Statements: Not available
Other Information: Abbreviations:
(L) = Loose bulk density in g/ml
LOEC = Lowest observed effect concentration
SECTION XVI - OTHER INFORMATION

MATC = Maximum acceptable toxicant concentration
NA = Not available
N/A = Not applicable
NL = Not limited
NOEC = No observed effect concentration
NOEL = No observable effect level
NR = Not rated
(P) = Packed bulk density in g/ml
PNOC = Particulates Not Otherwise Classified
PNOR = Particulates Not Otherwise Regulated
REL = Recommended exposure limit
TS = Trade secret
Information on this form is furnished solely for the purpose of compliance with OSHA's Hazard
Communication Standard, 29CFR 1910.1200 and The Canadian Environmental Protection Act,
Canada Gazette Part II, Vol. 122, No. 2 and shall not be used for any other purpose.
Revision Information:
Section XIV - IMDG Code Information
Section XV - Regulatory Information

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H Y GO O D

MACRON SAFETY SYSTEMS

FM-200 'TOTAL FLOODING'

WARNING: THE DISCHARGE OF CLEAN AGENT SYSTEMS TO EXTINGUISH A

MACRON SAFETY SYSTEMS (UK) LIMITED

TELEPHONE: (+44)(0)1 483 572222

SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION SECTION 3 - SYSTEM DESIGN

About this Manual ....................................... 5 System Design .............................................. 24

Agent Flow Characteristics .......................... 27

FM-200 Installation Guide

SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION SECTION 7 - SYSTEM OPERATION

General Information ...................................... 38 General Comments ........................................ 56

FM-200 Installation Guide

Appendix A - Site Survey / Request Form .... 71

FM-200 Installation Guide

FM-200 Installation Guide 5

A properly designed and installed extinguishing system WARNING

HMIS: 2-0-0/heptafloropropane/contents under The present understanding of the functioning of FM-

FM-200 Installation Guide 7

Agent Physical Properties

Chemical structure CF3CHFCF3

(Reference: Great Lakes Chemical Corporation)

(Reference: NFPA 2001, 2000 edition)

8 FM-200 Installation Guide

System Components FM-200 Container

Manufactured in accordance with DOT(HSE)4BW500

Paint Specification: Ansul Red 428217

Table 4: Container Details.

FM-200 Installation Guide 9

10 FM-200 Installation Guide

Fixing Brackets Figure 4 - Valve Assembly

The bracket assembly consists of a nut and bolt, two

Each strap is notched for insertion into the back chan-

Figure 3 - Fixing Bracket

25mm Valve Assembly Part No. 6410

Material: Brass CZ 121

FM-200 Installation Guide 11

A safety release device (burst disc).

Figure 7 - Manual Actuator (Part No. 2880)

Body: Brass CZ 121

Low Pressure Switch

12 FM-200 Installation Guide

Removable Electrical Actuator

Figure 9 - Electrical Actuator (Part No. 9490)

Body: Mild Steel & Dull Nickel

FM-200 Installation Guide 13

Flameproof Electrical Actuator Flexible Discharge Hose

Figure 11 - Flexible Discharge Hose

Part No. Size

14 FM-200 Installation Guide

Figure 12 - Typical Manifold

Material: BS 3601 Schedule 80

Note: Assembly includes 32 / 50mm check

Table 5: Manifolds BSP Taper Outlet.

Part Size Dim. A Dim. B Part Size Dim. A Dim. B

FM-200 Installation Guide 15

Table 5a: Manifolds Flanged.

Part Size Dim. A Dim. B P a rt S ize Dim . A Dim . B

Manifold Bracket Assembly

Figure 13 - Manifold Bracket Assembly

65mm Manifold Bracket Part No. 30460

16 FM-200 Installation Guide

Manifold Check Valve Directional Valve

Figure 15 - Directional Valve