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DR. RAM MAHOHAR LOHIYA NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW- II
PROJECT ON:

(SYNOPSIS)

44th Amendment relating to Emergency Provisions

SUBMITTED BY: UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF:

PARIMAL BHATT Ms. ANKITA YADAV

ROLL NO: 099 ASST. PROFESSOR (LAW)

SECTION B DR. RAM MANOHAR LOHIYA

B.A. LLB (Hons.), SEMESTER IV NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY

Parimal Bhatt---BA LLB (hons.)---Sem. 4---099

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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................2
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...............................................................................................3
SCOPE.......................................................................................................................................3
TENTATIVE CHAPTERISATION............................................................................................4
REFERENCES...........................................................................................................................4

INTRODUCTION
Emergency provisions were made in Constitution to safeguard and protect the security,
integrity and stability of the country and effective functioning of State Governments.
Emergency is a unique feature of Indian Constitution that allows the center to assume wide
powers so as to handle special situations. Emergency Provisions are contained in Part
Eighteen of the Constitution of India. The President of India has the power to impose
emergency rule in any or all the Indian states if the security of part or all of India is

Parimal Bhatt---BA LLB (hons.)---Sem. 4---099

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threatened by "war or external aggression or armed rebellion" 1.When the Constitution of

India was being drafted, India was passing through a period of stress and strain. Partition of
the country, communal riots and the problem concerning the merger of princely states
including Kashmir. Thus, the Constitution-makers thought to equip the Central Government
with the necessary authority, so that, in the hour of emergency, when the security and stability
of the country is threatened by internal and external threats2.
The Constitution of India contains Articles 352-360 which deals with 'Emergency Provisions'.
The emergency provisions (especially Arts. 352 and 356) have been exclusively amended by
the Constitution (44th Amendment) Act, with a view to introduce a number of safeguards
against abuse of power by the executive in the name of emergency. Amendments have thus
been made by the 44th Amendment to the emergency provision of the Constitution to make
repetition of the 1975 situation extremely difficult, if not possible.3
It is a notable feature of Constitution of India where it deals with extraordinary or crisis
situations.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The research methodology applied is Hypothetico-deductive nature-doctrinal one. The study

is based on primary and secondary sources.

SCOPE

1. To understand the Constitutional position after the 44th Amendment.

2. To understand the connotation of Armed Rebellion and Internal Disturbance.

3. To analyse the cases.

1 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_provisions_of_the_Constitution_of_India: ^ "Part
XVIII of the Constitution of India". Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India

2 Aspects of Constitution of India- Emergency Provision- Law notes- p 90.

3 Indian Constitutional Law- Prof. M.P.Jain, LexisNexis -Sixth Ed., p 738 , Para 4

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TENTATIVE CHAPTERISATION
1.INTRODUCTION
2.EMERGENCY PROVISIONS IN INDIA
3.THE CONSTITUTION (FORTY-FOURTH AMENDMENT)
4.NULLIFICATION TO THE 42ND AMENDMENT
5.SUSPENSION OF THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE RIGHTS CONFERRED BY PART III
6.DURING EMERGENCIES.
7.REVIEW OF LITERATURE

REFERENCES

PRIMARY SOURCES

DURGA DAS BASU, CONSTITUTION OF INDIA, 14TH edition Lexis Nexis

Buttorworths Wadhwa, Nagpur.

M.P.JAIN, INDIAN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW-, LexisNexis -Sixth Ed.,

SECONDARY SOURCES

http://indiacode.nic.in/coiweb/amend/amend44.html

http://www.legalservicesindia.com/article/article/position-of-fundamental-rights-
during-emergency-589-1.html

http://www.legalservicesindia.com/article/article/emergency-provisions-effects-and-
impact-1769-1.html

http://www.manupatrafast.in/

Parimal Bhatt---BA LLB (hons.)---Sem. 4---099

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Parimal Bhatt---BA LLB (hons.)---Sem. 4---099