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-1.0 0.9 60
is attributed to increased groundwater recharge
0.6 40 and rising water tables after the conversion of
woodlands to agriculture. Afforestation and re-
-1.5 0.3 20 forestation in southwestern Australia therefore
have the dual environmental benefits of carbon
0 0
Control Plantation Control Plantation sequestration and increased water use, reducing
n=42; p=0.007 n=26; p=0.002 recharge, lowering water tables, and reversing
-2.0
dryland salinization associated with agriculture
Fig. 3. The effects of plantations on soil pH and chemical properties (mean T SE). We analyzed (25). Widespread conversion of croplands to
data from 52 published studies (13) that compared soil chemistry in grasslands or shrublands with forest in the central U.S. farm belt may also im-
that in adjacent plantation plots. Comparisons were made for soil pH (main panel), base saturation
(%), and exchangeable soil Na concentrations (cmol kgj1). prove regional water quality as nutrient, pesti-
cide, and erosion runoff from crop production is
reduced (26).
Distance from Plantation Edge (m) General trends in water use and soil
.8
.6
2
25
20
15
10
12
3.
5
4
3
8
0
Depth (m)
20
40
field work must be adjusted to include local
A
60 Apparent Resistivity (Ohm/m) factors, including site history, soil texture,
grassland plantation transect A 80
and the availability and quality of ground-
N
0 slan
gras ture
s
d a 0.79
EC (dS/m)
water. In regions such as southern Australia
20 & pa
lture
40 plan
ta tio n 8.58 and the African Sahel, plantations are being
agricu
B 60 0.79
used successfully to keep saline groundwater
Depth (m)
Euca
Euca
Euca
Euca
Euca
Eugl
Eugl
Ceta
Piha
Pipi
Pipi
Pita
Pipi
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