DESIGN OF RAFT FOUNDATION

Name of Project : Design Example 18.5, Page 561, Reinf concrete A.K.Jain

Given Data:
1 Grade of Steel Fe 415

2 Grade of Concrete M 15

3 Size of Column (X x Y) 300 mm X 300 mm

4 Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil 65.00 KN/m2

5 Diameter of Bars (Along X-direction) 20 mm

6 Diameter of Bars (Along Y-direction) 20 mm

1 2 Y 3 4

C C

B B
X

A A
O

1 2 3 4
Details of Columns
Considering column A-1 as origin (O) Moment about X-axis Mx clockwise +ve
Moment about Y-axis My Anticlock -ve

Column X-cord Y-cord Load Moment My Moment Mx

(in m) (in m) (KN) (KN-m) (KN-m)
A-1 0 0 550 0 0
A-2 7 0 1200 0 0
A-3 14 0 1200 0 0
A-4 21 0 550 0 0
B-1 0 6 600 0 0
B-2 7 6 2000 0 0
B-3 14 6 2000 0 0
B-4 21 6 1200 0 0
C-1 0 12 500 0 0
C-2 7 12 1500 0 0
C-3 14 12 1500 0 0
C-4 21 12 500 0 0
Cantilever length from centre line of columns
Left 0.3 m Top 0.3 m
Right 0.3 m Bottom 0.3 m
To Run the Program Press < Ctrl+w >
Total Vetical Column Load P = 13300 KN

Eccentricity along x-direction

Taking moment of column forces about the grid 1-1

x = 10.974 m
ex = 10.974 - 10.5
= 0.474 m

Eccentricity along y-direction

Taking moment of column forces about the grid A-A

y = 6.226 m
ey = 6.226 - 6
= 0.226 m

Ix = 21.6 X 12.6 3
12
= 3600.68 m4

Iy = 12.6 X 21.6 3
12
= 10581.58 m4

A = 12.6 X 21.6
= 272.16 m2

Mxx = P.ey = 3000.00 KNm

Myy = P.ex = 6300.00 KNm

P/A = 48.87 KN/m2

Soil pressure at different points is as follows

P Myy Mxx
= + .x + .y
A Iy Ix

Corner C-4
6300.00 3000.00
C-4 = 48.87 + 10.8 + 6.3
10581.58 3600.68
= 48.87 + 6.430 + 5.249
= 60.547 KN/m2
Corner A-4
A-4 = 48.87 + 6.430 - 5.249
= 50.049 KN/m 2

Corner C-1
C-1 = 48.87 - 6.430 + 5.249
= 47.687 KN/m 2
Corner A-1
A-1 = 48.87 - 6.430 - 5.249
= 37.189 KN/m 2

Grid B-4
B-4 = 48.87 + 6.430 - 0.000
= 55.298 KN/m2

Grid B-1
B-1 = 48.87 - 6.430 - 0.000
= 42.438 KN/m2

Maximum Soil Pressure = 60.547 KN/m2 < 65.00 KN/m2

Hence OK
In the X-direction, the raft is divided in three strips :-

(i) Strip C-C

Width = 3.3 m
Soil Pressure = 60.547 KN/m2
Span = 7.00 m
7 2
Maximum moment = 60.547 X
10
= 296.68 KNm/m

(ii) Strip B-B

Width = 6 m
Soil Pressure = 57.923 KN/m2
Span = 7.00 m
7 2
Maximum moment = 57.923 X
10
= 283.82 KNm/m

(iii) Strip A-A

Width = 3.3 m
Soil Pressure = 52.674 KN/m2
Span = 7.00 m
7 2
Maximum moment = 52.674 X
10
= 258.10 KNm/m

Cantilever Moment along X-direction

Soil Pressure = 60.547 KN/m2
Span = 0.30 m
0.3 2
Maximum moment = 60.547 X
2
= 2.72 KNm/m

(iii) Strip 4-4

Maximum Soil Pressure = 60.547 KN/m2 < 65.00 KN/m2
Span = 6 m
6 2
Maximum moment = 60.547 X
8
= 272.46 KNm/m
 Cantilever Moment along X-direction
Soil Pressure = 60.547 KN/m2
Span = 0.30 m
0.3 2
Maximum moment = 60.547 X
2
= 2.72 KNm/m
Therefore,
Maximum Factored Bending Moment = 445.02 KNm/m

Limiting Moment of Resistance = 0.138 ck bd2

Therefore depth required d = 470 mm

Check for Punching Shear :

Let depth required = 819 mm

Shear Strength of Concrete = ks c
Where ks = 0.5 + c
Short dimension of column
c = = 1
Long dimension of column

Therefore ks = 1
c = 0.25 ck N/mm2
= 0.97 N/mm2
Hence,
Shear Strength of Concrete = 0.97 N/mm2

For Corner Column

Perimeter bo = 859 + 859 + 0 + 0
= 1719 mm

Vu 825000
Nominal Shear Stress v = =
bod 1407109
= 0.59 N/mm2

For Side Column

Perimeter bo = 1119 + 859 + 859 + 0
= 2837 mm

Vu 2250000
Nominal Shear Stress v = =
bod 2322996
= 0.97 N/mm2

v - c = 0.00 N/mm2
Hence Effective depth is O.K.
Therefore effective depth required = 819 mm
Adopt effective depth = 820 mm
Overall depth = 860 mm
Development Length :

0.87 y
Development length Ld =
4 bd
where, bd = 1.6 x 1.0 = 1.6
Therefore,
Ld = 56
For 20 mm bars (along X-direction)
Ld = 1120 mm

For 20 mm bars (along Y-direction)

Ld = 1120 mm

Reinforcement in long direction

M = 0.87 y Ast (d - yAst/ckb)

4.45E+08 = 361.05 Ast ( 820 - 0.02767 Ast )

9.98905 Ast2 - 296061 Ast + 4.45E+08 = 0
Ast = 1588 mm /m2

Minimum reinforcement required = 0.12%

= 1032 mm2/m
Therefore area of steel required = 1588 mm2/m

Provide 20 mm bars @ 200 mm C/C in long direction

(At top and bottom)

Reinforcement in short direction

M = 0.87 y Ast (d - yAst/ckb)

4.09E+08 = 361.05 Ast ( 820 - 0.02767 Ast )

9.98905 Ast2 - 296061 Ast + 4.09E+08 = 0
Ast = 1452 mm /m2

Minimum reinforcement required = 0.12%

= 1032 mm2/m
Therefore area of steel required = 1452 mm2/m

Provide 20 mm bars @ 220 mm C/C in short direction

(At top and bottom)
 DRAWING

21.60

20 mm bars@ 200 mm c/c

(top & bottom)
12.60

20 mm bars @ 220 mm c/c

(top & bottom)

20 mm bars@ 200 mm c/c

0.860

20 mm bars@ 220 mm c/c

Note : (1) All dimension in m where not specified

(2) Drawing not to scale

(Reinforcement Details)
 DRAWING

21.60

20 mm bars@ 200 mm c/c

(top & bottom)
12.60

20 mm bars @ 220 mm c/c

(top & bottom)

20 mm bars@ 200 mm c/c

0.860

20 mm bars@ 220 mm c/c

Note : (1) All dimension in m where not specified
(2) Drawing not to scale

(Reinforcement Details)