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and
its Classification
Heat
exchangers are
used in AC and
furnaces
Direct Contact Heat Exchanger
In direct contact heat exchangers, heat transfer takes place
between two immiscible fluids like a gas and a liquid
coming into direct contact.
e.g.: towers,
jet condensers for water vapour, and
other vapors utilizing Cooling water spray.
Indirect Contact Heat Exchanger
a) Parallel-flow In this heat exchanger, the hot and the cold fluids enter at the same
end of the heat exchanger and flow through in the same direction and leave
together at the other end.
b) Counter flow In this heat exchanger hot and cold fluids enter in the opposite
ends of the heat exchanger and flow in opposite directions.
Classification based on flow Arrangement
Cross flow In this heat exchanger, the two fluids flow at right angles to each other.
: Condensors Evaporators
Condensers:
In condensers, the temperature of hot fluid
remains same for the entire length of the heat
exchanger but the temperature of cold fluid
increases gradually along the length of heat
exchanger.
The hot fluid reject latent heat which is
absorbed by the cold fluid.
In case of condenser of thermal power plant,
the hot fluid is steam and the cold fluid is
cooling water which is gaining the heat and
rejecting the heat in cooling towers. Fig. Temperature distribution for condensor
Evaporators:
temperature drops.
gases(hot fluids) reject the heat and the Fig. Temperature distribution for evaporator
Multiple shell and tube passes are used for enhancing the overall heat
transfer area.
Multiple type pass heat exchangers are those which re route the fluid
with one of the fluids is much smaller than that of associated with the
other fluids.
When very high rate of heat transfer is required, fins are placed on the
one side of heat exchanger which is called finned tube type of heat
exchangers.
The use of fins enhance heat transfer area and thereby heat exchanges.